The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1866-1891, January 16, 1868, Image 1
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xmnir xxvi. ~ca>roen.s.c., thfrsday| jmb!!'
t ?? in aagttwa???
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
^ THOMAS W. PEGUES._
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AGRICULTURAL.
From the Columbus Enquirer.'
WHAT WE N L" ED.
JEconomy?Live at Home?Increase I
the Productions of our Lands. j
These we conceive to he the great j
essentials necessary to.succeed in plan- i
ting in the South under the free labor
system. However we may have lived
and planted, under the slave lahor
system, we of the South will have to
act, in regard to these things, as the
whole free lahor world has and docs
still act, to succeed in making money
by farming.
First, then, economy is essential.
We must no longer expect to have our
thousands as the proceeds of our
lands to spend extravagantly in dress,
fine cquippagc, traveliingat the North
and in Europe, visiting watering places,
&c.: to raise our children luxuriously,
in idleness, and teach them,
in too many instances, practices and
habits that will unfit them for usefulness
in society, in after life; hut for
years to come, we must expect to husband
our resources, huv hut little, and
only what we are compelled to have,
and cannot raise or make. If we
have no money to buy fine clothes,
and carriages, and other like things,
and nothing to barter for them, that
is our own, and can be spared, go
without, until we have means to spare; 1
do not cjo in debt, unless it is to keep
from Actual suffering. Learn econo-1
my in all things; it may be a haul
lesson for many of us to learn, but 1
one we must learn, ami that in its
.strictest sense, if we ever rise from
the low state of prosperity in which
A the war has left us. Humility is the
.royal road to exaltation?so surely is
economy the first certain step to plenty
and independence.
Second, live at home on your plantation.
This every planter must do
lo succeed well in planting. s.
Ifow live at home? I low is it possible
to live at home, and pay my
debts, unless I plant large crops of
cotton to pay with, to the neglect of
the necessaries of life ? I answer, you
will not make money, nor pay your
debts, if you do. The day is past
and gone, for years to come at least,
for any planter to make large sums
of money by planting large crops of
cotton, as the experience of planters
in ISCti and 18G7 fully demonstrates.
. What then will we do?how pay outdebts
? asks every otic. I answer, in
the first place, by saving all you
make, over the real cost of living in
a plain manner. Secondly, by living
at home, instead of in towns and cities
and snendin? Dart of each year in
, ~ J 0 L m
travel, kc. Save all these sums, and
they will go a great way toward paying
your honest debts.
Live at home, by raising everything
that your family and stock;
iieed to subsist upon ; raise full crops !
of corn, fodder, peas, oats, potatoes, J
turnips, vegetables, kc.; and be sure J
to save all the grass you can on your j
. plantation, at the proper time?to I
sell it for hay, or feed your stock upon, j
as you may need. I know a planter ;
near Columbus, who now has baled
and under shelter in good condition,
gathered on his farm, 70,000 pounds j
gr ?5 tons of good hay.. Raise and i
gave these things, and then you can !
-raise well your stock of all descriptions?cows
to give you plenty of
,milk and butter, and they will do it
-if fed plentifully on peas, turnips,
:&p.
Raise your own meat, and some to
.sell. Your peas and turnips, with
.gome little corn, will fatten your hogs
well. 1 know a farmer in Russell
county, who fattened 103 head of
'.'kpgs almost entirely on turnips, in
1?06. paltry, that you may
have penty of-eggs, &c., to. eat and
sell. Get into the old fashioned way
fit raising your own horses, mules,
&c., and then when sure that you,
?sj
jy?.****
are raising everything you will need,
and plenty of it to support on, raise
what cotton you may be able, over
and above a living, to pay debts with.
In this way you will be able to gradually
and certainly reduce your indebtedness
yearly, and soon will become
a free ma/i again, owing no
man anvthing, and having an abund?
i.? ^ O
ance of all needed things at home.
Live at home, then, by raising all
the supplies you need. Live at homo
by staying home, and attending with
diligence to your farm ; just as the
merchant, the mechanic, the manufacturer
does, from Monday morning
to Saturday night?gives Lis earnest
and undivided attention to his business.
This the farmer must also do,
if he. succeeds and lives well under i
the free labor system. . (
Third, increase the productions of
your lands. This you must do?but
how can this be done?
First, by planting a smaller num- (
I./.I. /.c .I/.V..O A li lfti-.nr iiu \vi? follow
? ' V 1 VI ll v I v 0? i I,..' , Ut^ " V I V v ?
the old system, of cultivation, labor- i
inwith all our might ami main to
n c
see how many acres we can cultivate, i
we shall fail of success. Plant few
acres, select your manure to these i
few acres; am!, if necessary, purchase
sonic other fertilizers, guano, hone
<1 us*, &e., to enrich still move these
few acres, comparatively; cultivate
them well, plough deep, thoroughly ;
prepare your ground, put in your
seed properly and at the right time,
and your labor mid expense will bowell
remunerated. By this system
you will improve your lands by enriching
those you cultivate, and those
you do not by resting them. You
will by this system produce more
with fve hands than with fifteen under
the old system. A penny saved i
is a penny earned, is an old and true j
maxim.
There crti be no doubt whatever,
that with proper cultivation and ma- I
nuring well, that the lands generally 11
of this section will produce three times
more than under the old system.? <
Ilence, to produce as much, it will 1
only require one third of the lahor.? ;
You can calculate for yourself what;
you will save by this system o'' planting,
in labor and plow stock alone ; !
saying nothing of the responsibility,
care, ami vexation attendant upon
planting with a large : umber of la- j
borers you will be re ieved fr? in.
Then improve your lands, enrich i
them, cultivate well, live at home,
economize your means, at d }*ou will
iind that you will soon be free from
debt, and increasing in means, having
full barns and ciibs, fat horses
and Itogs. and plenty of ail things to
make glad the hearts of all at home, I
and will aid* materially in cniiihingj
the country as of old, ami even more '
abundantly. W.
Columbus, Ga., Dec., 18GT.
Useful Information.?An excellent
house-keeper was overheard
lamenting.that a reaek had been made
in her conking .stove. i<or the benefit
of all such, we publish the follow- ;
ir.g vead v mode of mending cracks in j
stoves and iron ovens, as practiced in j
Germany:
' When a crack is discovered in a
stove, through which the fire or smoke '
penetrates, the aperture may be completely
dosed in a moment, with a
composition consisting of wood ashes
and common salt, made up in a paste
with a little water and plastered over
the crack. The good effect is equally
certain whether the stove be hot or
Cold." j
The whole number of patents issued
from the Patent Office during the
past year is 13.015, being an increase
of 3,515 over tbc number of last year,
which was 9,500. For the week enping
on Tuesday, January 7, 203
patents will be issued. During the
iwef uiii.L- 4.00 jinrnioatious and lit*
ty caveats were filed.
Brains vs Money.?A good joke
is told on a young man who attended
a social party a few evenings since.
The conversation turned on California
and getting rich. Tom remarked
i that if lie was in California he would,
1 instead of working in the mines, waylay
soinfi rich miner who had a bag
full of gold, knock out his brains,
gather up the gold and skedaddle.
One of the young ladies present
quietly replied that he had better*
gather up the brains, as he evidently
stood in more need of that article
than of gold.
Tom sm sided for the balance of the
evening.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Won't Jolificat'e?For Good
Reasons.?'I'lie Honourable A. II.
II. Stuart having been invited by a
committee to a banquet to be given
in Wasnington on the 8th day of January,
courteously declines the invitation
for very proper reasons. We
give his letter below, and commend
it most heartily. "Words fitly spoken
are like apples of gold in pictures
of silver:"
Staunton, Va., Jan. 2,1808.
Ccntlcnirn : I pray you to accept
my thanks for your kind invitation to
attend a banquet to be givcil at the
Metropolitan Hotel, in the City of
Washington, on the 8th instant, under
the auspices of leading members
of the Conservative Democratic party.
Under ordinary circumstances it
would be peculiarly gratifying to me
to participate in the festivities of that
occasion, and to enjoy "the feast' of
reason and l!ow of soul, wtneit, i
doubt not, will give zest to your entertainment.
But situated a# I. am;?
disfranchised as a citizen, denied the
political priviiiges which arc accorded
to my negro servant, repelled from
'lie hall of the House of lleprcsentali
ves, to which I was elected almost
by acclamation; my native State,
the proud old mother of Washington,
and llenrv, ami Jefferson., unrecognized
save as Military District No. 1
?I must confess I would feel somewhat
out of place at your board.
In former days, when I visited
Washington as representative of the
people, or as the associate of Wehster,
Crittenden, and Corwin, in the executive
councils of tho nation, I felt
that, in the eye of the law at least, I
was the peer of the loftiest in the land.
I was privileged to think freely and
> < i- ii ? ? 'i*....i
to .SpOHK ireeiy on ill! manors ui puulic
ooncorii. Were I to join your!
circle now. I should feci painfully
conscious of the difference between
your position ami mine. No military
ardor can consign vnu to a dungeon
b'-yo id the roach of habeas corpus,
iind no persuasive bayonets admoiP"!
i>li you tospoak with "bated breath."
With liiethe ease might be diiTerent.
But be that as it may, while Virginia
mourns I cannot rejoice. While
the cypress encircles her brow, I cannot
twine tlie myrtle round my own.
33iiI may I not hope that the present
condition cf tilings is temporary?
If 1 do not misinterpret the signs of
the times, the day is near at hand
when, by the mandate of a magnanimous
people, the .shackles will he
stricken from the limbs of Virginia
:ii d her Southern sisters, and there
shall be given unto them '"beauty for
ashes, the oil of joy for mourning,
and the garment of praise for the
spirit of heaviness." When that glorious
day shall hare arrived I shall
be happy to meet you and your fellow-patriots
around tlie festive board,
and, on behalf of Virginia, to offer a
"* ' *? / .
wiiJing a in! Iiearly trinutc or graniudc
to the riohJe Conservative Democrats
who set her free.
Respectfully, vonr obd't servant,
A LEX.'i I. II. STUART.
J!ich won d Jjixpalch,
Tin- Nt:w York ilerald nominate
president johnson for ii13election.?The
New York Herald
concludes as follows a leading editorial
which it considered of sullicicnt
importance to publish both on Sunday
and Monday:
' The issue is clearly defined.?
There is no possibility of smothering
it up or dodging it. There is the patriotism
and conservatism of the President
on the one hand and the selfish
and destructive policy of the Radicals
on the other. Mr. Johnson, while lie
proposes to secure the freedom of the
emancipated negroes and-to give them
every chance to raise themselves in
the scale of civilization, desires the
early restoration of the t?outh through
the action of the intelligent white
people. The Radicals would only
restore the South on the basis of negro
barbarism for the sake of perpetuating
their power through negro
votes. The people everywhere are
taking sides on this great issue, and
by next November it will be so well
understood that the election will turn
upon it and it alone. Mr. Johnson's
policy, as shown in his messages to
Congress and in his firm resistance tc
negro supremacy, will and must be
the platform on the one side, and negro
supremacy, with a negro balance
of power as provided for in the Rc
construction acts and course of r
, Radical Congress, will bo the plat
fornfonjlhe other. ' The election cannot
be icon tested on any o theorem nd.Thir^pdpular
name' of Graht or any
other U^ro of the war will have little
weight against the great principle involved.
Should Grant take a * jminatio^
on the-Radical platform, hewill
be defeated, as another ^popular,
get.eral, Scott, was.. Men .01% names
will amount to. little .in the".coming
contest; principles wilf.^everything.
Nor can he or any other c^nclidatc succeed
Jjiy ignoring the . Jainciples at
issue and;by standing up?n personal
popularity only., Mr. Johnson stands
alone^ Present ps the ^preventative
cf tl)e^X^T5is?rv"utiye side,
made .the i^V add tli'c sblhtmrv^fkdepcTids
jjpdn. his action.. ,IIe is, as
lras'bjQetT said before, master of the
situation. lie cannot /be set aside. J
lie mtfit either be the Conservative
candidate, or must name one to take J
his pljkce. Mr. Chase is the veprcrenla^ve
of the) other side?of Hadi-1
calistii, of negro supremacy, of a negro
balance of power, and of all other
extremes of.,the Radical party.?
Shoup.hc and Mr. Johnson be the
opposSftg candidates, they would represent,
fully ami clearly the principles
involved. It is possible, however,
thktth.o lhidicals may wish to use
Grantor some, popular general with
a view qf extricating themselves i'rom
the dilemma they are in. But no
one can bring them salvation. The
President has broken their party to
pieces; they have nothing to stand
upon? and next November will seal
their fate forever. The reaction'which
set in powerfully through the elections
last Fall wi'l now be followed
by a political revolution that will utterly
destroy lliern."
M I'.nDKR wn.r. Ol'T.?Eleven years
ago, I)r. John Marsh, of South Danver.vMass.,
and a graduate of Harvard
College was murdered in Contra
Costa county, California, whither he
had emigrated after spending some
years.on the western frontier. The
muifdjfr took place in a lonely locali
w'as otrlTre'waylo Sarr
Franciseo to he married. The murderers
obtained several hundred dollars
in gold from his person, and one
of them was subsequently arrested,
I but for waist of sufficient evidence the
j trial was deferred, and in the mean
time lie escaped Iroui jail and fled the
country. Within a year a man named
Fosset, who had witnessed the
j murder and shared the money, muttered
while intoxicated, that lie knew
all about the murder, and on being
: arrested made a fu'l confession. It
appears (hat he was a boy at tiie time
! of the murder and employed iri the
i family of one of the assassins, who
i were three in number, Juan Garcia,
j Felipe Moreno and Jose Antonio
j Olivias. lie was with them when
j they committed the deed, but never
| lisped a word of the guilt till lii.s ai>
' rest. Ilis confession led to the arrest
j ot Olivias, who made a clean breast
j of the affair and turned State's evi|
donee. Moreno was put on trial last
| November and convicted by the evi;
donee of Fossct and Olivias, and
sentenced to the State prison for
life. Thus, the old adage that justice,
though slow, is sure, is again
j verified.
Tiik Lynchi?:<i Affair ixGkor;
01 a.?The Savanah JVi tea & Herald,
| of yesterday, contains the following
I report in reference to the lynching of
I a negro in Jefferson County Ga./to
i which, a brief allusion was made in
our telegraphic columns the same
day:
"As early as we can ascertain a
negro way-laid a young white girl in
a secluded spot on a road leading
; from Louisville, and committed rape
upon her, using much violence:' As
j soon as the fact became known an
. excited crowd white ajitl black, as!
sembled and arrested the negro, who
j confessed his guiit. lie was then
[ tied to a tree, and burned alive.?
According to one account his cars
; first burned off, and his face cut with
: a knife. The crowd was very excited,
i j and as violent a disposition for ven1
geancc was manifested by the negroes
..o tin, wliifrx iblinixrli m:mv of the
,: people of the county earnestly disapi
proved of and protested against the
, illegal course of the lynchers, as nn,
justifiable, and less effective for the
} public good than the ordinary course
.; of the law. One statement is that
?| the Frcedmcn's .Bureau officer was
. prevented from interfering by threats
L against his life, and that those who
. were opposed to tho movement were
' ! '1 V." _ 1
threatened at their houses. But the''
majority of the people, wjfit'e. and
black", regard the act, thpu^h unsanctioned
by law, as warranted in the
emergency of so heinous ap offence,
and as sustained by precedenfsJNorth
or Sbuth. Tlie Freedmeu's Bureau
Ageiit has written to Gen. Sifc^yjfor
troops, who have been :sent,' |ra<f*it is
very probable that parties implicated
'ill the,affair will be ariest^},','
- X -I.
Painful Dfath.-h^Mi;?. ,M. V.
Hides, of Columbia, Jth%.widow of \Y.
13! Uick3 who was killcdseveral years
ago by W. f). Morris^.died in that
^pity.orLTijesdsy Tiist.und^'suclpi^j
'cuuistanccs asjustifierliheCoroner in'
summoning a jury and holding an;
inquest. A.po't-mortem examination,
I field, by Dr. W. P. Geiger and John
j Lynch, declared a collection.of twen!
ty-two gall stones, each an inch in
| circumference, contained in the gall
j bladder of tlic deceased, which undoubtedly
occasioned her death.?
Mrs. Ilicks is described, us having
suffered the most agonizing pains in
the pit of the stomach, the region of
the heart and the back of her head
duri: g iier last illness, which toriuncatc!#y
lasted but a tew hours before
death came to her relief.
Gov. JIaight, of California, in his
inaugural, says the propriety of admitting
blacks to suffrage, ^belongs to
each State, to determine for itself;
| had Congress been able to control
j this subject, loth negroes and Chii
iicsc suffrage would ^ probably have
been forced upon the 'people of California,
against the will of the-majority,
why, ignorant of the effects of
such legislation, would have inflicted
upon us the evils actually intolerable.
So far as California is concerned, the
people of this State have expressed
I their opposition, both to negro and
Chinese suffrage.
Colored Men Leaving the Loyal
Leagues.?The Warrcnton (Va.)
Jtv&x- publishes the following card
from Beverly Thornton, colored, of
that place, to a citizen, which explains
I itself:
I
. .T T 7,'. TT tvinrr liflnn ? mnm.
| o
| bcr of the Union League, with the
i understanding that it was the best
| step to promote peace, but now seeing
j that it is a peace-breaker of this
j community, and being a lover of
peace at all times, I do withdraw
therefrom; Yours, very truly,
BEVEKLY THORNTON. .
I ~
! "Wo arc requested, says the Index,
by Daniel Brown, carpenter, colored,
to say that he has also withdrawn
from the League for the reasons assigned
in the above card of Thornton.
Wpi. Webster, blacksmith, wishes the
public to know that lie has withdrawn
from the League, and will not have
anything to do with it. Minor Grayson,
blacksmith, goes a step further.
Ho will have nothing to do with the
; League, and promises to vote the
conservative white man's ticket.
j A negro named Ephc, who was a
, regular attendant at cnuren, was
proud of his Bible learning. He was
sawing wood one day, while his master's
son, a lad of twelve years, was
looking on, and now and then asked
; questions.
j "Which of the apostles do you like
i best ?" asked he of Ephe.
j "I likes Samson," says Ephe; "he
i was so stfong, and piled theui wicked
; folks so."
"Why, Ephe," said the boy, "Samson
was not one of the apostles."
Ephe put down his saw, looked at
the youngster a moment in amazement,
ami them asked him, with an
air of triumph:
"Look here, white boy, how old
arc you?"
i.'p i..^ ??
j. n ci v u.
"Well I'se forty; now, who ought
to know bust, I ax you dat?"
A Few Hard Things.?"Experience
ami observation have taught men
that it is?
Hard to quit chewing tobacco.
Hard to keep from eating too much.
Hard to drink liquor and "not'be
intemperate. . *l.
Hard to pay our debts.
Hard to believe a man when you
know him' to be a liar.
llard to turn the other cheek when
we arc struck:
Hard to borrow money from friends
when wo need it
Hard to love our enemies.
v. ? .? :.: . v. 1- ..J-?- -ISM.- '
Souquff Gkrmait. Mabriag e Cu8-. TOMS.-^It
is a pleasant custom among'" ' ^ .
these- Suafcraa people to bring little- y . 1
children ami flowers'prominently be?< -i:,' .
fore them in till their pleasures. Bri-;
dobpvocessions are preceded by young: *
children . witjwwrerfths - bf-flowew -be:
green^iea^iK; tneiji the betrotht effol1
ow/the maide^e?ased in hlackj if
is of^omefHilk^thflrher short driwfis' ,
inacK if well to.do in this "world's' J?Uy *
goods; if not, al pa cca serves h?r-r?. >'
black gloves, a black shawl, a wreath
of white flowers and a nosegay at he?
girdle. Her lover also .wears a black^ ,
suit,'sometimes of tabby veHet, witli
sSwi-Ver.go.%1 .l?iB
ih^hisbutton-hole: The bridesmaids;'
follow, and in white, with gay ribbons
and wreaths of flowers* with an attendant
friend, also wearing bridal fa-;
vors. Then come the fa thers and mothers,
with relatives and friends; the'
bell on the old church meanwhile
sending out a merry welcome to peasant
brides, as well as' brides of a
higher a degree. On. entering the
church, the maiden is led to apewbv
Iier bridesmaid and female friends.?
"The bridgroom and bis friends meanwhile
take seats in pews opposite,
while the little children with .their
flowers, take seats near the altar.?
The old bell ceases its gay clamor,
and every thing is quiet, when the
pastor enters by a side door, in his
black robe he ascends the pulpit, and
reads the betrothed a good long sermon
in pure German or Suabian,.as
his judgment dictates. He is an old
man, and dearly loved by his peasant
folks; being a ripe scholar, he indulges
his fancy when he knows thoso
who have come to be joined together
in holy matrimony will understand
his fine periods and flowing language.
He leaves the-pulpit and
puts over the black robe a white linen
surplice, then goes to the altar, on
which is laid a bible in a leather
case. The bridegroom leaves his
seat for the pew where the tnaiden sits
and leads her to the altar, vhtre the
service is finished, which makes them
I 1 _ __ .1 1 1 ? a.L _
nusnanu anu wne.j; vn leaving, jne
husband receives from flie pastbrj the
bible, with an injunction to read and
be governed by its teachings, diligently
and with the fear of God. He
then depositee in the receiving plate
a bit of money, and the bridal party
follow, each giving what they please,
for purchasing bibles for other thousands
who may come after. Every
bridegroom, from those who wear
kingly crowns, to the humble peasant,
receives a bible at the altar, when he
plights his troth to his wedded wife.
The bride meets at the church door
as it opens for her to pass out, a group
of children, her little friends, who
have gathered there ready to offer
their gifts; some bring ilowcrs, som'o
fruits, some, a cup and saucer, some
a plate, a gay ribbon, a spool of
thread, or whatever they please to
bestow. These thev give to some one
of the bridal party to take to the
bride's new home. One morning, I
heard a merrv chattering in the
- y o
street, and looking oat of my window
saw a peasant bridal procession gor
ing with the bridal gifts to the bride's
new home. Two women carried on
their heads each a new mattress, others
with new baskets of linen. Ono
woman, quite tasty in her basket covering,
had the muslin curtains neatly
folded and a gay pin cushion for
her gift. A man with a miiror, another
with a new basket of china, while
a poor old decrepit peasant, bent with
suffering arid pain, had his heart
lightened for a little while, by a new
dust pan and brush he was making
for the young couple. ^
Another Outrage?A Mail
Carrier Shot by Negroes.?On
Tuesday morning the mail carrier
who takes the mail from Ridncville
to Vance's Ferry, when about'-fen
miles 011 his journey, was halted by^ N--~
four armed negroes, who demanded
the surrender of the bag. The carrier
of course refused, and putting
the spurs to his horse, rode off with all
speed. He was followed, however by
a volley of bullets, which came near
putting an end to his life, as one of
' the balls passed through his left
sleeve, and two balls lodged in the
j mail bag. Powerful for oppression,
I but powerless for protection is the
government under which we live.
Charleston Mercury?
i . ^ t ?
"Our Tom" says he set down to
his Christmas dinner- where thero
i were seven turkey gobblers* Only
l^ro of them was cookecf.
. .IV