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' V- From ilie Baltimore Sun. Thirty-First Costgre^?Ist Session. Washington, August 2, 1850. Srnate.?The California hill was taken up, % the question being on the amendment offered by Mr. Foote, restricting the southern boundary to the line of 35 deg. 30 min. Mr. Berrien spoke in favor of it. California must be divided so n6 to afford the chance of a slave State, if we wished to save the Union. Mr. Foote and .Mr. Atchison spoke in favor of the amendment Mr. Badger addressed the Senate at length on the state of the question between the North and the South. Mr. Jefferson Davis moved 30 30 as the southern limit of California. Lost, ayes 23, nays 32. Mi. Foote moved to strike out the whole bill after the enacting clause, and inserting in lien ! thonufnr thf omnibus, excepting California and | Utah, with the amendment offered by Mr, Doug- j lass as a substitute for Mr. Dawson's amend- j tnent. His object was to present the territorial questions to the House before California. Mr. Rusk hoped the Senator would see the propriety of withdrawing the amendment. The Texas question was not necessarily connected with any other. Mr. Foote said it was hecessnrv to fix a ! boundary line or provide for its ascertainment. Texas was not more concerned in the boundary' adjustment than any other State, except that 4, she was on the border. Mr. Clemens said we could not get a vote today. He moved an adjournment. Lost, 19 a- no / IU -60. Mr. Rusk would feel it his duty to vote against the amendment. He wished the disturbing questions settled as much as any man. The Texan boundary had nothing to do with the slaverj' question. It was simply a question whether the territory of New Mexico was in the Texan limits or not . Mr. Foote withdrew the amendment, stating that he would offer it in some other form, giving time for consultation. Mr. Hunter said we are all worn down. We had better postpone the bill and adjourn to Monday. He moved to postpone the bill till Monday. Agreed to. It was ordered that when the Senate adjourn, ii ?i: muni rtn Monduv next Ik ilUJUUI u lu uiw> .... j Mr. Pearce rose to give notice that on Monday next he would ask leave to introduce a bill to establish the territorial government of New Mexico, and settle the boundaries of Texas. After Executive session, the Senate adjourned. Washington, Aug. 5. fn Senate. Mr. Cass' resolution in favor of a law prohibiting the interference of military officers in civil affairs, was taken up. Mr. Jefferson Davis replied, at great length, to Mr. Houston's remarks of a former day, concerning General Taylor's operations on the Rio Grande. Mr. Davis vindicated General Taylor frmn Mr. Houston's animadversions. The subject was postponed. Mr. Pearce rose and sail? he had prepared a . bill to settle the boundaries of Texas. He made some remarks in explanation of it. Hie greai' obstacle to o?r progress-JVas'tbis question of boundary, and it was the caUse of the defeat of the compromise bill. It seemed to him right and politic that each measure should be judged of by itself. It would have more strength singly tbau in combination with others. It was a question that involved the peace and happiness of the United States. lie had intended iu his projiosed measure to deal liberally with Texas. The boundary which he proposed would not suit every one, but he believed that it combined many advantages. The bill was partly based on the bill offered earlv in L- -1-t! i-- r /Mr I tne session uj me ounaiui uuui mi^uun, y?*... Benton ) He went on to describe tbe boundary wbich he had chosen. Tbe bill was read. It is a bill proposing to Texas a northern and western boundary, and a relinquishment of certain claims. 1. The bill provides that, if the proposition is agreed to by the Legislature of Texas, by the first of December next, it shall be obligatory on the United States and Texas. 2. The Northern boundary to commence at the intersection of the 100th degree of West longitude, with a parallel of 30 degrees 30 minutes North latitude; i mining thence on that parallel to the 103d degree of West longitude; thence South to the 32d parallel of North lati- j tude ami along that parallel to the Rio Grande; and thence down that river to the Gulf of Mexico. 3. Texas to relinquish all claims to territory North of boundary proposed, and also all claims under articles of annexation. 4. UnitedStatesin consideration ofthe above i ten millions to be paid to Texas in U. S. stock. 5. Five millions reserved to meet payment of Texas bonds issued upon faith of custom duties. "The subjret was laid over. The California bill was then taken up, and reported to the Senate. The question was on engrossment. ! Mr. Foote despaired of obtaining any amend- j racnt of the bill favorable to the South. The failure of the Compromise Bill had destroyed all hope of this. His duly was discharged except to vote according to his instructions as ho understood them. Mr. Butler made sonic explanations. Mr. i'ootc proceeded in reply, to show that the line of 35.30 would have been adopted if the other portion of the bill could he sustained. After some remarks from Messrs. Soule, Mason, Foote, Yulcc, Dayton, Badger, Atchison, and Badger, the Senate adjourned. Washington, Aug. 3,1850. The Senate was not in'session to-day, and the proceedings of the House were without interest, the Indian Appropriation bill being under consideration. The bill for the admission ot California will not he permitted to pass the Senate without resistance, and that of the sternest and most determined character. The friends of the South in that bodv feel it their duty to oppose and obstruct the aggressive measures of the majority by nil the means which aro afforded ' bv the rules of legislation, and these properly applied and resolutely persisted in, the passage passage of any measure can be delayed until the day of doom. To those who profess de votion to the South, while they are terrified at the idea of disunion, this course, no doubt, will be gladly embraced, as it will present an opportunity of peaceful yet effectual resistance, by which they may protect the South and preserve the Union. A sufficient number of Senators have already solemn!v pledged themselves to this course to render it effectual, and if the effort to admit California with her present boundaries is persisted in, you ma}' expect a protracted session, and a struggle unexampled in our legislative history. Cor. Char. Mercury. From the Southern Press. DISUNION?SECESSION. We have had no disposition to discuss these topics?and have abstained from them. We j * * * 1 1 ?.1 ? ? aL - ? ? ? n/1 .to A trt(it* I thought it our duty asouui,iciiu:r& ?uu, ic?ns to rely for the present on argument, to | sustain the Constitution and the rights of the | South. And we did not desire to introduce any ! topics to excite the passions and disturb the ! judgment of the people North or South. VVe replied therefore, to hut one of these articles recently published in the Republic, and waived a response to the other two. But the Northern papers seem fond of the subject, and as they labor under great, hallucinations that may lead tlieni td fatal conclusions, we must again interpose. We shall not now reply to the doctrines of General Jackson's proclamation, revived by the Republic, because many of them were explained away and renounced bv his own authority in the Globe, even after that document appeared ?and have been exploded. As for the notion of the Republic, that "The United States." or the Government of the United States would remain in the sense those terms arc now understood, after a number of the States, or half the States had renounced the Union, it is utterly untenable. A majority of the Senators of all the existing States is necessarj', under the Constitution, for a quorum to transact business. If half of them were to withdraw, there could be no quorum. In the failure of tho people to elect a President by districts, the Constitution requires " a majority of all the States to elect." If two States were to withdraw, and the remaining twenty-eight were to ho nearly equally divided, there could bo no election?and the Government would fall. That event might happen, indeed, by an equal vote ot all the existing States. P* tate should withdraw, there could be i. x Senate nor a House of Represent^ * ^? . e?:? .]? . under the existing Vyousuiuuuu, ?ui n, m.Clares that the Senate shall ho composed of two Senators from each State, and the House, of members chosen by the people of the several Stales. Nor could a President he elected at all, if one State withdrew; for the Constitution requires each State to appoint Presidential Electors, and o majority is required to elect. The Albany Evening Atlas does.uot trouble itself with argument or Constitution, but relies on power, in the following: In case of the secession of several States, or of half the States, we should like to know who wuujd bo."the.people of fke-Iiuiled.States." Southern Press. " This is a question that will nottake long in the answering, should the disunionists make one movement in their treasonable purpose. They would see and feel who the people of the United States are. With all their respect for the sovereignty of States, and their repugnance to the exercise of restraint, and loathing of war, above all, of a war between kindred races, we do not believe that the people of the Union would ever consent to the existence of an independent confederation in the South. Such a confederation could only maintain itself by foreign alliance. The principle enunciated by President Monroe that no foreign government should be permitted to establish dominion on this Continent, would oper^e in this case of secession. The political necessity, or the rule of policy, or the appetite for dominion, which constituted the action of the government in regard to Louisiana, Florida, Texas and the recent acquisitions from Mexico, would forbid the existence of an alien State in the heart of the Confederacy. - * 1* f 1! A confederacy composeu 01 ooum caroim;i, Georgia, and perhaps two more States, could have no internal strength, and no foreign alliance except at the double cost of dependence on distant power and of irreconcilable enmities here. If it were larger it would be still more necessary to crush it, for its offence, being the fact of its existence, would be aggravated in proportion to its forinidableness. This is plain speaking, hut if there is anyone so infatuated as to believe that the people living on the branches of the Mississippi, will ever consent that its mouths shall be under a foreign flag, such a one requires plain talking to." Does the Atlas forget that some three thousand Seminole warriors defied the power of the States united, for seve? years ? Docs he forget I that those Indians foiled the genius of Gaines, Scott, Taylor, and Jcssup, at the head of ;is many troops as could he employed against them? that these were the Generals who have astonished the world by their victories? that (toner-. al Jackson was President?and that the war cost us forty millions? Docs he suppose that the people of any State in the Union have less genius, courage and resources than the Sen nnoles ? We have heard people talk of blockading Southern ports. Well if that could be done it would intlict ten times the injury on the North as the South. Where would be the cotton mills of the manufacturing North? Where their markets? Where the markets for Western produce? But the thing could not be done. No commerce so rich and so indispensable to the world as the Southern could be cut oil*. The smuggler would defeat all the navies in the world- The attempt has been made to suppress the slave trade?that trade has increased in contempt of English, French, and American navies. Great Britain is sea-girt, and navy-girt j Yet the smuggler will pass her lines of battle ships for twenty-live per cent, and sell his contraband goods in contempt of the most powerful interior government and police the world has known, and in contempt of the hostility of the great mass of the people. So also in France. But how could the interior frontiers of a seceding State be guarded ? Such a State would supply her neighbor? with that sort of merchandize which now pays federal duty at New York. But what could the federal government do with a seceding State, even after overrunning her with troops? Would she he held as a conquered province ? The Constitution binds the United States to guarantee a republican form of government to each State. How could that guarantee be fulfilled towards a people opposed to a union with the other States ? llow could her government be republican if she were coerced or occupied by foreign troops. It is obvious therefore thaf the idea of maintaining this Union by compulsion, is preposterous. The only bonds that hold it together are justice, mutual regard, ami mutual interest.? But when one section undertakes to seize and appropriate the share of the other to a vast territorial domain, the deed is a flagrant violation * ? .1 l 1. it i it.. ana rupture 01 tncso oonus 111:11 none out uie blind can fail to see. "Who fetter* feme with flaxen band, Or binds the s?a with rojte of sand, I lath yet a harder task to prove, By flagrant fraud to hold our love*" And if submission is expected, why even Mexico would not submit to the loss of :i narrow strip of this very territory, until she had poured out her blood on many a battle field. Is it expected that the South which had the principal share in the conquest of Mexicans, will now display less spirit than those whom she has done so much to overcome ? From the Palmetto-State Banner. CHE AP LITERATURE. Mess. Editors: I do not know exactly in what sense to use the term " Southern Literature," as I am free to confess that we have never as yet, given it a fair opportunity to develope itself. It shall therefore only be spoken of as something needed, something in demand, and something easily attained. All that is wanted is patronage?let. Southerners patronize their own papers, their own Reviews, Magazines, dzc., and the thing will soon come to a head. It will bring out talents which-only lacks the opportunity for a proper development That is the requisite step; let it be taken, and the North cannot surpass us in quality, finish, elegance, taste, or price. The greater the number of subscribers, the less the price, is a good rule, aud one which our people ought to think of and apply. Suppose the thousands sent by 82's, and $5's to the North every year-wWefaid out on the "Southern Quarterly," or "Whitaker's Magazine," the "Literary Messenger," with others too numerous to mention, the "Palmetto State Banner" included, what might they, what would they not become in a very short time. The first could be furnished at S3 or 84 as well as Blackwood, so the second and third named, and perhaps the "Banner" might be eventually waved out at one dollar per annum, and the "State Rights Republican," even now as cheap a daily as tlie North can show, may, ami undoubtedly will, nearly double its size, and afford abundant reading matter, in addition to the "latest intelligence" and "prices current." No Speculator. ? -- Frgin tfio Charleston Mercury. Barnwell, (J. II., Aug. 4,1850. Gentlemen: It has fallen to my lot, in taking the census, to have a pretty good view of the crops of this District. In many places the dry weather has prevailed to such an extent that people will not make enough bread to do them; in others, the crops are tolerable, and in a few places they are excellent. The heat Corn crop that f have seen belongs to Col. B. II. Brown, and appears not to have suffered a day for rain. Crops in the upper part of the District are not as good as those in the lower. The whole District is completely paralyzed with dry weather and candidates. The latter have overrun every section, corner, and hole, within their knowledge. There are for the Legislature, seven; Senate, three; Sheriff, three; Clerk of the Court, seventeen ; Tax Collector's office, twenty-three; Ordinary, eighteen: making in all seventy-one ; and when this swarm conies down upon a small' crowd of people it is indeed the " time to try j their souls." I was upon the track of sixteen or seventeen of them the other day, I reached a house, and before 1 could commence asking the ladv of the house how many horses, hogs, dorrs rats. d*c.. she had, she said (taking me I ?r?-? ' - _ for one of the swarm): " I am very sorry my husband is not here, he has promised to vote for ail the candidates, and I have no doubt if he was here, lie would promise you." 1 proceeded on my way, and saw a man ploughing not far from the road; as soon as he saw me he I commenced whipping and going faster; after proceeding some little distance, lie motioned his arm towards me: "Go on, go on," said he, " I'll vote for you, I always said I would, so don't let it disturb you." Yours, dec. Assistant Makshall. f """ Sr >vp ?A Portsmouth IVU.Vlu.H - ? . correspondent of the Bee states that a vessel which arrived at that place on the 29th ult., from I'ensacoln, had 011 board a slave who had stowed himself om ooard, and was not discov- i ered until she \ .j far out at sea. Letters had been received from Pensacola requesting that he might he taken care of for his master, hut the abolitionists got wind of the matter, and according to the writer's account, which is not a very clear one., they hoarded the vessel in tho lower harbor, got up a quarrel with the captain, blows ensued, the captain was arrested for assauIt, ami the slave summoned as a witness.? I As soon as they got on shore, the captain was suffered to go at large, and the slave was taken care of by his friends. He is said to be a valuable hand, blacksmith by trade, and earned for his master considerable money by working upon the Pensacola dry dock. The Locusts.?These insects appear to be creating considerable excitement among the I farmers in Monmouth county, N. J. The flights j town Record says they have already commenced I their ravages on the forest trees; the twigs, in many instances, look as though they had been nipped by an early frost. Fears are entertained that they will extend their ravages to the peach orchards, which, if realized, will be ! of serious consequence. The sting is said to be a deadly one; and on Monday a boy, aged twelve years, was stung by a locust, who died in a few hours afterwards.?Newark Advertiser WEEDS JTOTOHAILr ! CAMDEN. S. C. : . FRIDAY EVENING, AUGUST 9, 1850. Wm.'C. Caston, Esq. is General Agent for the Journal. New Steam Saw Mill. We are pleased to learn lhat the Steam Saw Mill of Messrs. Love and Sinclair is now in operation. It is situated on the Robison road, nine miles above Camden, in the midst of any quantity of the finest timber. The mill is near the route of the proposed Plank Road, and we understand the proprietors have offered to furnish lumber for it at a very reasonable price. Bank of the State of So. Carolina. C. M. Furman, E*q., was unanimously elected President of this institution at a meeting of the Board ot Directors held on Monday the 5th hist.' Hon. R. Barnwell Rhett. We believe the people of South Carolina will not be surprised or disappointed, if this true South ran and distinguished gentlemen should be elected our Senator at the next session of the Legislature. His vietcs at this crisis, and the late treasonable abuse which has been lavished upon his name, as well as the fate or doom which old Chalky has marked out for him, will, in our opinion, tend very considerably to produce this result His -ultra or treasonable notions, as Mr. Clay would have it, aie rather more generally entertained at the South than some have imagined. Father Ritchie has at last, it appears, awoke to the consciousness of the fact, that there are more than " one whose speech breathes discontent and disunion." The next President of the S. O. College. A writer in the Palmetto State Banner has nom inatpd Dr. Samuel Henry Dickson for this important and distinguished position; to this the Charleston Evening News responds: It would bo difficult to obtain a more suitable head for that institution. To great learning in the faculty, Dr. Dickson unites a general knowledge of letters and science. In manner he is courteous, dignified and conciliatory, and white discharging faithfully his duties, would secure the respect and love of the students. We hope the proper authorities will call to that noble establishment, as President, one so admirably calculated to increase its popularity and usefulness; and who to eminent ability and high social merits, adds the quality, a great one with us, of being a Carolinian. We hope never to see the authorities of any of our state institutions, going abroad to seek for officers, while so many highminded and honorable persons are to be found at home. The Clay Rapping*. "X lie oniy ining max xias uccurrt-u iu c?-vate Mr. Clay in the estimation of the country, is the "Rappings" in the galleries lately?and we think if he would think of them coolly, he would not hold them as very enviable praise. We consider them worth just about as much as the "Rochester knockitigs," with much less of mystery attached to them. They, both alike, owe their origin tobdeceptive appearances. Why the veriest trifler in the country, if he could get on the Senate floor, just now, and be allowed the chance to speak ?and cry out with upturned eyes, the "glorious Union," and pull a piece of rope Jrom his pocket, would gain "thundering applause" from the galleries. And why? because .the galleries are filled with those whose very existence depends on the existence of the Union. Break -tlie Union, and they have to work to get bread to break. Office seekers will rap when they hear the Union lauded ?and from the number which throng the galleries it is no wonder that Mr. Clay should be "loudly applauded" therefrom. It seems, to a candid observer, that a Senator should wish his applause to be made of "sterner stuff." How very different, that outbursling and . reiterated sanction, which arises like a mighty incense from the Southern people, according a hearty well-dono to those Senators, who in their love for the Union, has not forgotten the rights of the South. We really think that Mr. Clay, since he has growu so extremely national lately, should have a more extended applause than that from the hungry office seektrs in the gallery. Reid?Governor of North Carolina. We think we may make the above announcement safely. The glorious old North State is wheeling into line. Reid is a soulJiern man. Manly is one of the submission school. The counties we have heard from gives a large democratic gain, - J tinro Pni/I ici ttlontaJ aim iti/i ouiw iv<,iu ?o v^wiuu. Oration. We have received a copy of the excellent Address delivered before the. JBeau fort-VoUiuteer Ar-. tillery, July 4, 1850, by William Henry Tiescot, Esq. The orator briefly but forcibly points out the tendency of all governments to change. On the history of the American Union he says.:. "The unqualified eulogy of seventy-years cannot to-day be repeated with truth. Three quarters of a century have verified the fears of the founders of the Union, and each year has deepened the lines of sectional division?roused into fiercer anger, sectional sentiment?and forced into more latal conflict, sectional issue?until now, when we see the reckless strife of selfish interest?the quick jealousy?the strong antipathies that divide section from section and class from class! tne most nopeful believer in the stability of the country must acknowledge,that while our forefathers frainedja government they failed to create "a nation." Why can't brother Badger, of the Hornet's Nest, leave it for a while and come down and see us? We will take a Jiying visit rather than miss. We want to shake 53?? with him. We would be glad if old Rip had a tew more "Hornets" who would sting his drotcsy4 Watchmen,' who are sleeping at their poets. Clay has gone North, where he should always have been. He will probably find clams at Cape May more palatable than Mason and Butler's speeches. *' * --rtg " ^ C^a.cUon. " ' The Wilmington Aurora publieheajretants from thirty seven counties, which show a democratic gain of 2,545 its compared with the vote of 1048, when Manly (whig) was elected by 854. The Aurora says, "should the balance ot the state, to be heard from, poll the same voters it njid Mr. Reid will be elected Governor by. 1691 majority* . , s ;; . V ^W" A southern gentleman (from Baltimore) at Cape may, chastised a negro on Wednesday last, for impudence given biih. The-negro itidt-" era held an indignation meeting and talked. ofaetaHating. A row was* raised that night. +W C. H. Allen has disposed of the Banner to Messrs. Edward Noble, audi Kerr. We regret to part from Mr. AlleBjito'bfie of the fraternity, but we feel cotifidenttt&^Tbff Banner will never be furled "while in sdtli Stible hands as now. Correspondence of the Camden Journal. * rWa shinctok, Aug. 2, 1850. The protracted struggle in the Senate concern-' :n* ihe Compromise bill is now ended. The bitf Las been defeated, Mr. Pearce, of Maryland, en-" joying largely, either the honoi, or opprohpunjof.. defeating this measure. ..tie was considered.the uncompromising friend of the. bill up to the-last moment He saw then that it was better tojollow the dictates of conscience^ than to he led on by Clay and Webster. Speaking of Mr. Webster, z^aoc if nr?f nrncont o fiorl nipiurp prAfi in thn ea? reer of this statesman, that after having been "one of the fathers of the measure, a measure that he urged as of vital importance to the lifi and honor of our Union, that at the last hour, when its final struggle was drawiug near, that he should desert his Senatorial post for the allurements of office, and leave bis place to be filled by an avowedabolitionist?by one who was known to be a bitter opponent of this Compromise? Aye, to desert in the hour of its weakness, the favourite child of his brain ? It may be urged in his defence, that he knew not who would be his successor, but Web. ster must have known that Gov. Briggs would select no man to fill his place who would vote ae he would have voted on this bill. The Senate passed that part of the bill which gave to Utah a territorial government About 2,000 children, belonging to the public schools, yesterday matched to the capitolgrounds. They were addressed by Josepn it enanoier, a member of Congress, from Pennsylvania. The children petitioned Congress to appropriate certain grounds in our city for tlje use of "the public schools. Congress could not do better than-comply with this request. ' -r Your distinguished Senator, Mr. BntIeT,/& very unpopular with u? This is owing to the fatrt that as Chairman of the Judiciary Committee, he is opposed to the reformation of our Judiciary?-4. reform which our people have with almost one I voice demanded of Congress. , '} Your's, .- Cecil. i teiegrapbicIntelligekce From the Daily State Rights Republican. Seven Days Later from Europe. B A LTIMOHK, Attg$gT7. T{je British SteamerCambrtn has arrived at Halifax. She left Liverpool on the 27thnit. Cotton has dedined an fl&htHDf a p^n ny since the departure of the Cai&tda, ou!lliiv'20th alt. .^v The sales for the week amounted to duly forty thousand bales. Breadstuff's have advanced considerably on prevfeus quotations. ~ ^ ' '"V; Carolina Rice is quoted ^eighteen shillings and three pence to eighteen aiiil five pence. Tlie news from PortugaL,states that the A* nierican Razee Independencf^ tu\d Steaui Frignte Mississippi are still.in the Tagjos, and Mr. < Clay, the A^ru^h;w^s^fi|^obyhas de- ' mauded his passports in consequence of the non-ailinission 01 uie ciaim jrespecuug we pu- \ vateer General Armstrong, by the Portuguese Government Denmark and the Duchies have commenced the hostilities which were; threatened at the departure of the Canada. The whole of Germany is hacking llio latter, .wl&st the Autocrat of Russia has seuit afleettothesupportpCPenmark. A grand battle is datty expected. BKitiWo**, August 7. Of the 30,000 bales. Cation , sold in Liverpool for th e week, 14,000 weretakeu by speculators. Rice in good demand. Caroline limited. The.Niagara arrived opt.on'Saturday. The American squadron lias sailed for TanThe news of President Taylor's death pro dnced a deep sensation In England. Denmark has declared the Duchies in a state of siege. An aetion took place on the 1st of July between a man of war add a government steamer?the former was forced to retire. Soulh ttaroliahiu Wasuiitoto^, August 5. . Mr. Henry S. Geyer has declined the Secretaryship of die Interior. He prefers, no doubt, coming to the Senate. No Secretary of War yet. General Soqtt answers admirably ad inter m.?Baltimore Sun* PRESIDENT AGAINST TEXAS H Washi.nqton,, Aug. 6k 1850. President Fillmore has 'sent * message to. Congress in reference to the question of bouiu dary between New Mexico anaTex?u, fti wbicKi ho asserts that all the territory east of the Rio. Grande belongs to* and. is know*as,, New Mexico. He says further that he is determined to support aud carry out the laws;, and,, if necessary, he will call out the militia of the country,. and employ the Army and Navy for the protec-. tion of that territory. \ He broadly intimates to Congress that unless the questions uow involving the country ioi such perplexity are settled before the adjournment, j he will call an Extra Session of Congress for f that purpose.?South Carvliuiat^ /