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V a??r?? From the Washington Union. WHQJIAS BE I'RAYBl) THE SOUTH! It cannot he denied, that a very great change in relation to the subject of slavery has taken t?lace in the free State?, not only in the senti ments which prevail among the mass or the people ofthose States, hut in the political action of both of the great parties into which they are divided. The fact can cot he denied, that it is hut a few year* since when Abolitionism was a meagre faction even in the New England States, and its advocates were even there treated with contempt, ridicule, and sometimes with violence, when they attempted to hold meetings for the purpose of discussing the doctrines which they professed. Nor had it made any headway in Congress. The South presented, at that time, an- undivided front upon a question which affected so vitally her great interest, and she was sustained by a hand of firm and intrepid friends among the Democrats of the ftce States, which"enabled her in a great measure to suppresseven the agitation of the dangerous question of slavery. It cannot he denied, that not more than six years ago the South was mumpliant in the halls of Congress on this question, which so intimately involves her peace and secmity, and was enabled through the fidelity of the Democratic Representatives frotn the free States, effectually to suppress all agitation upon the subject. Such was the state of things no farther hack than six years. Now what is the gtale of the question both in Congress and the Stales in which slavery does not exist? I Congress the South have been defeated and prostrated on thisgreat ques. tion. She has been insulted, and even the sa cred guaranties of the Constitution, which should be her protection, have been grossly violated and trampled upon in the House of Representatives. The rules adopted to prevent the agitation of the subject have been repealed, and even on the great question relating to the territories, she has failed in obtaining the rights and securities which she claims under the Constitution. And what is the state of the question in the free States? A change equally as radical and profound hat there taken place among both people and politicians. Six years ago the South could relylmplitity upon the support of one of the great parties at the North. She had friends in Congress from the North belonging to the Democratic party, who nobly defended and maintained her rights. But now, what is the vt 1.. ?it tkniu frii>nds have state on Dings j ne#nj ?. I>een stricken down and have disappeared, and sheis left to battle for her rights almost alone and single-handed. These are facts, stubborn facts, and they cannot ho denied. And now it remains to inquire into the causes which have produced this great change in the sentiments and conduct of the people ofthe free States, and in Congress, tipon the subject of slavery, and to ascertain, if possible, who have been its au. thors. ... v . fn our judgement, there is but one cause and tho authors to that cause are as apparent to our vietr as the cause itself. It is the alliance of the Southern Whigs with Northern Whigs; for which tho leaders ofthe Whig party in the South are alone responsible. Let us look back into the history of the slavery question in Congress, and see if we have not abundant ev. idence to support the position which we have assumetL Every Southern man will remember, that the agitation of tho slave question in Congress is comparative^ of recent date. It commenced under tho authority of the late John Quincy Adams, who owed a debt of hatred and revenge to tho South for the political hostility which both he and his father encountered from the Dr. mocracy of that portion of the Union. He be. came the great agitator, and the patron of the pretended right of petition, under which the ab. olilionisfs claimed the right ofinnndating both Congress and the country with their inflama. ble matter upon the subject of slavery. In 1839, tbo nuisance had become so intolerable in the House of Representatives, that body found it necessary to take some steps to suppress and Dut an end to it. And hence the resolu tions known as theMAtherton resolutions" were adopted. Those resolutions were presented l?y Mr. Atberton, a Democratic member from New Hampshire, and were adopted by a unanamou* vole on the pari of ihe Southern members, and n large share of the Democratic members, from the free States, very few if any Whigs from the free States, voting for them. They provided that Abolition petitions should be received and referred to a committeo without reading. Still the agitation was not allayed. Under the lead of Mr. Adams, aided r.nd assisted by Mr. Slade, a Whig from Vermont, and Mr. Giddings, another Whig from Ohio, petitions of the most objectionable character, and most insuiting to the South, continued to bo presented in greater numbers than ever; and so great was the excitement produced by them, and the consequent interruption of business, that the House was compelled, at the session of 1939-'40to adopt the celebrated 2lst rule, which excluded the reception of petitions upon the subject of slavery. This resolution was adopted by tho unanimous vote of the Southern members, and twenty-eight Northern Democrats; all the whig members from the free States voting against them except one. Thus, at that time, the whole Whig party of the North had abandoned the interests of the South and corne out on the side the Abolitionist*; leaving the South and a Hevoted band of Northern Democrats to fight the battles of the South against the incendiaries, who were endeavoring to light up the torch of insurrection and servile war in her very bosom. After this clear demonstration that the South bod nothing to hope from the Whigs of the North and everything to hope from t^n Democrats who bad proved to be her true and steadfast friend*, what course ought she to have pursued? Tho voice of reason and oI common sense answer*, that shn should hare stood by her true friends in tho free States, the Democrats. But what course did she take? Tho Democrats of the South coutinuod to support the Noithern friends of tho South but the Whigs of the South desert ed I hern. After this demonstration ot division among the politicians an<l people of the South, and the alliance of the Southern Whigs with the Northern Whig*, what whs the course o( the latter? They became open and avowed Abolitionists. They passed resolutions against slavery, not only in their popular conventions but in their Slate Legislature*, and permitted no opportunity to pass to inflame the popular mind against slavery. And in Congress, Whig Representatives from the North voted on nil oc. cations and on all questions, against the Demo, crats who had maintained the rights of the Sooth, They joined with the Abolitionists in hunting down and destroying politically every Northern man who dared to stand up in defence of the constitutional rights of the South. Ann while these Whig enemies of the South were eogagaged in this infamous tvork of hunting down the true friends of the South, Southern Whigs aided them and encouraged them, exulting with them over every victim whom they had prostrated and destroyed. Southern Whijji TTT?1~ ??!! ii i>?ni mi _ - ?? rejoiced in every victory, which their Northern I Abolition allies pained over the democracy of I the North, upon whom clone the South could I rely for the defence of lie.r rights. When the I Permeracyol New Hampshire was tempera- i rilv broke down and defeated by the treachery I of Hale, Southern Whigs, both orators and pros, t ses. were loud in their rejoicing at the event. They exulted at the election of Hale to the i Senate and again in the election of Wilson and I Tuck ( Abolitionist) to the House. These are ( facts which cannot with truth be denied or gainsave i. It cannot be denied that so far back as < the adoption of the twenty first rule, the North- I em Democrats were the only friends which the I - 1--.1 ,u? v.... ;t |in ,|,, omnil IIUU III IIIC5 ilt/iiii. iiMi V.IUI am i/w mv%? that from that day this, Northern Whigs, aided and abetted bv Southern Whigs, liave been constantly hunting them down, making this very friendship to tlie South and support of Southern rights the pretext and cause of accusa- I against them. < But these are not all the flirts going to show .< the treachery of Southern Whigs to Southern : interests?conduct which has tended more than | all other causes to alienate the Democratic f friends of the Soutii, and to throw her great t interests at the mercy of Northern Abolitionism. | In the session of 131'2-'43 the 21>t rule was I repealed. It was accomplished by the. unani- [ mints vote of the Northern Whigs, and a portion of Northern Democrats, and several Southern t W liigs?Stanly of North Carolina, and Botts of < Virginia, being among them. Mere is an in- s stance in which Southern Whigs not only do- t serled the true friends of the South from the i Norfh, but they deserted the Southern cause j .1 itself. After such, a betrayal of Southern c: interests by tint Southern Whigs, could the c South look longer even to the. Northern Demo- t crats for sympathy and support. We appeal t to all candid Southern men of all parties, and t conjure them to ponder this ques'ion. But this t. is not all. The territorial question came up, c and was debated in Congress. Northern s Democrats desired that the question should be p settled. Mr. Clayton's compromise bill was q offered; and while not a Northern Whig voted ?' for it, enough of the Northern Democratic p Representatives did, to insure its passage if all p the Southern Whigs had voted for it. But e they did not. Eight of them, including Ste- t< phens of Georgia, and Pendleton of Virginia, a voted against, defeated it, and left a legacy for r the present, to distract the country and nipnace v its peace and tranquility. Here is another o desertion of Southern interests by Southern li Wh igs, acting in alliance with the Whigs of v the North, who were unanimous against the ti passage of the compromise bill. fi But the catalogue of treachery on the part of 1< Southern Whigs to southern interests is not yet a complete. The Democrats nominated a can- p didate who avowed himself in favor of non-in- d tervention in reference to the territories. On ti the other hand, the Whigs put forward a can- S didate who would not commit himself on the r question of slavery in the territories. He was s supported at the South, on the ground that he o was a slaveholder, which was alledged to be a u sufficient guaranty to the Soqth that he would tl veto the Wilinol Proviso; while at the North he S was supported on the ground that he would not r veto the Proviso, because ho had pledged him- u self against the use of the veto power; and tl moreover, as asserted hy Abott Lawrence and c ' Truman Smith, had written private letters as. o j suring them that he would not veto that meas- e i ure if it should pass through Congress. Thus si j was a deliberate fraud perpetrated upon cither v ; the North or the South, and perpetrated, too, if 1 through the agency of a Southern Whig slave- a holder, and countenanred l?y Southern Whigs, a ! And th is base game of treachory and double ft dealing is still going on. Gen. Taylor has not n inado known the course which he will pursue it in the event of the passage ofthoWilmot Pro. p visn. Hi* personal organ in this city, the Re- a public, refuses to answer question* put to it with tc a view to ascertain what course (Jen. Taylor h designs to pursue in relation to this agitating fl question. And to this day it is not known tl whether or not Gen. Taylor will approve the e Wilmot Proviso?lie and his followers hoping f to extricate themselves from the infamous (rand ii and deception which they have practised upon a the country by the accidents of the next twelve { months, which they hope may introduce California as a sovereign State in the Union, and ( * . ?/* 1 , ' thus prevent the exposure* or meir snameiui machinations connected with the Chief .Magistracy of this great and proud Republic. Hut even this is not all. Southern Whigs aided in nominating and electing Millard Fillmore to the office of Vice President, who is an avowed Abolitionist, and is in favor not only of the Wilmot Proviso, but of the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, and of the interdictions of the slave trade between the States. This is another undeniable and damning fact, going to show the treachery of Southern Whigs to Southern interests. Many more might be named, such as the election by South, ern votes of Robert C. Winthrop, a Northern Whig Abolitionist, to the Speaker's chair, and appointment by Gen. Taylor of Messrs. Kwing and f*?|!am >r to his Cabinet, two well known Abolitionists and Wilmot Proviso men?the latter voting for every Abolitionist proposition while he was in Congress, even Gott's resolution to abolish slavery in this District; and the removal by Gen. Taylor of Northern Democrats who hare constantly and uniformly, in Congress and out of it, voted lor and supported the inter" csts of the South. i Such are tho facts which in our minds con- I clusively convict Southern Whigs of treachery to Southern interests. They cannot be denied f because they stand out in hold relief upon the i records of Congress and the country. Nothing i but the most reckless mendacity will venture to ; ; deny that ten, nay six years ago, the great body ! of the Not them Democrats stood firmly and s faithfully by the interests and rights of the t South, while tho Whigs of the North were then, t and have ever since been, the enemies of the south. None will deny that from that time I ivi.:.?. 1 i until tnc present, oouim-ru u.i.i; m-cu in political alliance wilh Northern Whigs in i hunting down and destroying Northern Demo. I crnts, who arc the trim friends of the South.? [1 it starango, th?n, that Northern Democrats should heroin.' disheartened, and in the end j disgusted with the Mack ingratitude ond trenchery, on the part of the Whigs of the South, and should change their course, and in self-defence < take tin' sumo ground urion the subject of slavery ; which Northern Whigs have always taken, . without incurring the censure of their allies of l . the South. We are not surprised that surh has ercr been the rest! t, although we are deeply grie.ved. We aro grieved that Southern inter ests should be betrayed by Southern men, and i ! Southern rights struck down by Southern hand". I Now, what is the remedy ? Is it for (ho people, i of the South to hold Southern Whigs responsi. r ble for this criminal betrayal of Southern inter- i i ests. Let the traitors to Southern interests be ! . called to nccount for tho treason which they | ' have committed, by the people of the South, I i whom they have deceived, cajoled, and at lost > betrayed. Let the Whig leaders of the South be summoned to the bar of the people, to answer for their treachery to the interests of the South, hi this way can justice he vindicated and the rights of the South preserved. In this way can he unnatural and revolting alliance between lie Whig leaders of the South and the Abolition Whigs of the North be broken up, and Southern rights vindicated and sustained. And then the South can, with the utmost confidence, again claim the friendship and support of Northern Democrats. At the approaching elections for Congress in the Southern States, let their pariotic and enlightened people recollect those facts, and discard the traitors from the public councils. ANTI.SLAVERY PRESSES IN THE SOUTH. Emboldened by the success of the \\ra.?!liinnren New Era, the Abolitionists arc thinking of establishing other presses in I he South. We iti^gpst to them that their work may be better iccompiishcd in another form. Anti-slaver aresscs, under that name, can accomplish little or their cause. To say nothing of the peril of hose pngnged in the enterprise, the. Southern jeoplo ''forewarned," would be '-forearmed." Knowing the Purpose designed, they would be ireparedto resist its execution. The wisest policy these fanatics can adopt, i< o send out their Emissaries, who may, by disguising th'dr purposps, succeed in placing themselves in charge of Southern political presses. \ little caution and circumspection is all that s necessary for the success of the plan. The merits selected fir the work should be able to lisavow membership with an Anti-Slavery So.'iety, whenever interrogated. (And many of he most uncompromising Free Soilers could do his with troth,) Once in the editorial chair, let hem show the warmest political zeal, and most mscriiptilnm partizans devotion; thus will No sfablished a claim upon party sympathies and [ratitude, upon which strong reliance must ho laced in caso of an emergency, during subw(iiont operations. In furtherance of their [reat object, such gentlemen will probably he;in with the manifestation of great National atriotism, followed by ardent love ol'tlx* Union, xhibited in frequent quotations from Washing, on's Farewell Address. Thpy will of course ;S?ail with fiendish malignity, under the odious mines of "Agitators" and "Disunionists," all vho lake a firm and prominent stand in behalf f Southern rights?well knowing that the Alioitionists will have accomplished half their work, then they can induce the Southern people to a withdraw their confidence from their true riends, their wisest and most vigilant counsel, ars ? They will scent with the keenest smell ny thing making its appearance in Southern rcsses, or corning from the Southern men, toning to invalidate the claims of the South, and discourage her in the maintainancn of them, uch expressions of sentiment will be eagerly epublifihed. as an indication of feeling among lave-holers. By freely quoting from each thcr, quite an impression ma)', in this way, be inde, and the opinion conveyed to the North lal there is a vrry powerful minority in the louth who are opposed to the extension ofslavc'*' ?llmlilinn ihpv i nrjr win iiih iiuMitair j ill only prove to us how much better ofi'arc ie free than the slave States. They can nevr find room in their colurns for a vindication f tho South, however temperate. When call d upon by unsuspecting patrons to republish uch a production as El wood Fishery's they . ill be able to discern in it Tariff, or anti TarT views, which their political views will not llow them to circulate* On the other hand, speech from Denton will be. hailed as a per5Ct God send ! its attacks upon Southern ten gloled over with cannibal appetites, and s arguments against the South landed and reublished as the perfect logic ! Propose to them ny plain by which the Sou'h may become amid and powerful, and yon are met with num. crless objections?you are told that the time ir 'action' has not come?that there is no anger?that this or that man having been eloctd President, trust him and all will go well, 'eace, peace, is their cry. The South is lulled uto fancied security, and any one who would rouse her are denounced as traitors to the Jnion ! Exempli Grati. Wo refer to the Augusta Chronicle and Sentinel. Our portrait is peraps not well executed, hut we are sure no one rqnaintcd with the original would fail t?> rerog. lise it. That paper is said to he edited by Dr. jfo, late from Western New York?a writer ffine talents. It is truly a '.Model Anli Southrn papers,'published in the South. We have nrsued it regularly for months with startling nterest. We hesitate not to say, what we concientiouslv believe, that the abolition paper inth'.r thul name in every town in (Jcorgia. vould not accomplish so much, f>r the ruin of ho South, as this one sheet. The reader of ivowed Abolition papers know what they are tersuing, and are prepared to question its soundless ; hut the. multitude, suspecting nothing, wallow Abolitionism, disguised as it is in a Southern paper, never dreaming that its eflects viII bo to destroy their antipathy to Northern anaticism, and sooth them into the most listless ndiflerencc as to their vi'.al interests. Floridian. LATER FROM CALIFORNIA. Nkw Yurk, July 28. The steamer Crescent City arrived here last light, bringing one month's later news from California. The steamer Panama arrived at Panama from inn Francisco on the 1 lth of July. She. brings MM. 1* | ,t.. : SOUIJ.UUU in got" IIIIH" l in* g'"o 1,1 ,,IU oiiiiirs is represented as being abundant, fully realising ill expectations. There, are estimated at Irorn 25,0(10 to 30,000 persons employed in digging it the mines, lint it is only those, who are acmslomed to hard work and fa'igue who can stand the labor and privations of mining.? About one half of the miners are said to he foreigners. It appears that onr Consul at Panama would riot assume the responsibility of sending the California money by the Crescent City. The British frigate Constance, was at San Bias bound for tVlazatlan, with two millions of gold dust on board. The greatest efforts are making in California to establish a State Government, ami thereby demand admittance into the Union of the United States. The Alia California of the 14th June contains a proclamation by Gen. Kiley, warning the settlers not to countenance the Legislative Assembly of the District i?f San Francisco, either by payinpf taxes nr l?y supporting or abetting the officers of the illegal and unauthorized body. The same paper contain* a proclamation by Gen. Riley, which slates tlint lie, in accordnnco with instructions from the Secretary of War, has assumed the administration of nflairs in California, not as Military Governor, but as Executive of (he Civil Government now existing in California. The Californian condemns the terms of Gen. Riley's proclamation, and iW d-'fondi the article of iho Legislative Assembly I alluder to, and'publishes an address in which they omplain bitterly of the failure of Congress to girr them a legitimate form of government. Conplaints are also loud at taxing the inhab! itants without giving them a form of grant suitable lr> their protection, especially after the recila. repeatedly of thejr grievances. The Assembly earnestly recommends to their 1 fellow citizens the propriety of electing at Ipast i twelve delegates from eaeh district to attend a General Convention, to be held at Pnebla or ?___ r .1-- . A it.rnut notf. oan lose rn me mini .tiwuuujr ... ..., , fur he purpose of organising a government for ( the vhole territory of California. It i* further suggested that these delegates have discretionary powers to form a State Con- 1 stituiicn, or to adopt such other form of govern* I iTU'tif, subject to the ratification of the people, as thry may deem advisable. : Ad entf."?siaslic meeting was held at San Francisco on the 13lh June, to consider the ( propiiety of senriiiig delegates to the convention < above mentioned &c. The 'Ion. Thomas But. | ier King was President, and adJrcssed the as* | seirJilage in a (breible manner. Bisiness at San Francisco is very dull. Dry goorli and provisions are selling below the original cost. Lumber is still in great demand, aod selling for $350 per 1000 feet. Tiiero is no sickness of amount at the mines, i Everything is going on quietly and peaceably. ( Tha Cresccut City brings no mails, and but few passengers. I The brix? Col. Fremont, and ship Grey Hound. ! I 0 ~ of Baltimore, harl arrived safely at San Fran- 1 I cisco. Ail hands well and in good spirits. 1 Tim i'rescpnt City brings over 8500,000 in ] gold dn?{ to this city for different parties. Tclegraphr.il for the Baltimore Patriot. I From the New York Journal of Commerce, I Fit ISLAND. 5 PARTING ADDRESS OF Tit K STATE PRISONERS. 1 Previous to the departure of the leaders of the I late insurrection, they placed in the hands of a } mutual friend the. following address to their ( fellow-countrymen . " Fellow-countrymen?If your efforts to procure a mitigation of the penalties to which we < are about to be subjected, had been as successful I as you desired, we could not have off red to , you more sincere and grateful acknowledgments i than those which we now tender, lor the sympathy and solicitude which you have displayed in our behalf. " At this moment, whilst wc are bidding our I last farewell to our native land, the reflection | that our fellow-countrymen have not witnessed with indifference our removal from amongst r .^sEsSfu I tbem is n sweoi source ui n/mm.....#.. , ^? assured, thai (his rem??inbrance will hen-after < he a soothing alleviation to whatever Bufferings i it may he our lot to endure. | " Knowing that wo address many who do not concur with us in political opinions, we do not feel ourselves at liberty to offer any observations upon llm policy by which this country is governed?upon the policy which gave occasion ' to our resistance to British power?upon the I policy which now consigns us to exile. We ( are compelled to repress even the emotions f which we feel in reflecting upon the awful condition in which we leave the land that we deeply 1 loved ; nor is this a fitting occasion to point out ( the means by which its disasters may be repair- 1 ed; but we cannot refrain from the expression | ofa hope that you will not despair of your j country; and we may be permitted to offer to our fellow-countrymen a parting exhortation, { that they will lay a?ido those unhappy t.isscnsions which have so long paralyzed the intrinsic j strength of I he Iri?h nation, and henceforth learn r to love and confide in each other. " We feel that it is not necessary to say any. thing to you in vindication of our motives.? i1 Kven those who most condemn our conduct, t know that we have not been animated by con. i sidcrntinns of a personal nature in hazarding ali { that was dear to us Ibr the sake of our native * land ; but we owe it to our feelings to declare | that, whatever may be lite sacrifices we incur j c by devotion to its interests, our laiesi n^i.ruuon ( will be a prayer for the prosperity, the honor, and indeppiidonoo offrelaurl. " WILLIAM S. O'RRIEtf. "THOMAS FRANCIS MEAGHER. "TERENCE RELLEW M'MANUS. " PATRICK O'DONOUOE. 1 " Richmond Prison." ( The Freeman's Journal gives the following ' details of the last savings of the unfortunate 1 prisoners : At that painful moment, when they were about to be separated forever, perhaps, from their friends and the land they loved so . well, they displayed the utmost degree of calmness and fortitude. Their thoughts were still ' about the country and the 'good old cause,' not I what their own destiny or sufferings might he. , ' My last words on leaving the country, (said the brilliant and devoted young patriot, Thomas Francis Meagher,) shall be, 4 don't gil'e up the 1 good old cause.' At about half pusl eleven 1 o'clock, a squadron of the carbineers, under the command of Capt. Cuslance and Lieutenants , Shcrston and Pbilamore, arrived at the prison, . and shortly afterwards a gentleman from the Castle, bearing the order for the deportation of the flair state prisoners. The van was then driven up to the door, and the Gov. called out I - "? "in 'Pi I the names ot Win. r>. w nricn, i nouiaa i-. ; Meagher, Terence Bellow M'Manu*, and Patrick O'Donohoe from I he order, and request- ' ed them to take their places in the vehicle.? i The last moments previous to departure, having ' arrived, the prisoners were, once more surroundI ed by their friends?many of them ladies?ofl I whom they took a tender and affecting farewell. ( i Mr. O'Brien's lady, his sister, and the Rev. Mr. O'Brien, his brother, were with him from an early hour in the morning. The. Rev. Mr. Meagher, S. J., uncle to Mr. T. F. Meagher, avd several female relations were present; as ' were, the wife, sifter, and other relatives of Mr. O'Donohoe; and several ladies and others, re. lations of Mr. M'Manus. The friends of the exiles betrayed the most intense grief; but their; own demeanor was marked by the manliness and fortitude that distinguished them all through, and even at a time when their enemies manaced I thern with the 'traitor's doom.' On taking his I olacft in the van. Mr. Meagher said in a firm : tone, 'I feel a prouder man leaving the country evon thus than many who remain in it.' 'And so do I,' responded .Mr. O'Donohoc. The other gentlemen made no observation ; hut no man that saw them could doubt that if it had been their fate, they would say, dulce est pro palria mo/7, with as much fortitude and resignation ns they now bid farewell to their friends and nativo land.' It is currently reported that tho captain of the Swift, who sails under sealed orders, has some proposal to make to the prisoners when he. opens his instructions, that they will be permilted to exile themselves. Woman's 'Empire State' is matrimony.? Here she always is in the majority?always reigns, and sometimes storms! * HIE CAMDEN JOURNALl Wednesday Morning, August 8, 1849. a W. THURLOW CA8TON, EDITOR. " 03" We arc compelled lo omit the letter of, a itir Charleston Correspondent. It shall appear ^ in our next. tl 03" We arc not aware of any irregularity ti sxisting here ng to mailing for subscribers near si Curcfon's Store. The Journal is regularly is. It ?ued every Wednesday, and mailed in the mom- li ing for that office, and should reach them on the r li)lln\vin<r morning. n C7 rIt has been issued only once on Saturday? p the week before tho fourth of July?in conse- ii rjuence of the celebrations on that day. If anr Ii delays have occurred, the Post Masters will p please give all necessary attention to the mails c Tor the future. t< DAY OF HUMILIATION* AND PRAYER. ,, The recommendation of his Excellency, ft President Taylor, to set apart Friday, 3d inst., c a day of "fasting, humiliation and prayer," v hat the process of the dreadful pestilence, now 'aging in many portions of the Union, might be ,] stayed, was generally observed by our citizens. r Religious services were conducted in the va- v rious Churches in the morning :?in the Pres. a liytcriaa. Church by Dr. S. 6. Davis, in the p Episcopal Church by'Rev. T. F. Davis, in the j Baptist Church by Rev. Thomas Mason, jn i ]j he Methodist Church by Rev. T. B. Ruseel. ^ [n the evening, at 5 o'clock, an Union Meeting (] was held in the Baptist Church, and all the t; Divines participated in the exercises. The a (tores and shops were closed throughout the ;r Jny. and so far as the suspension of business ol ivas an observance, it was remarked, that no f iay was ever better observed by the public.? It must have been gratifying to the Churches, n lild it speaks well for the moral tone of the d; community, that their suggestion in this respect r was so universally respected and adopted. n We trust that the thanksgivings offered up p "or (ho blessings of a merciful Providence for (f prosperity, the health of our Town, and exomp j4 ion from epidemics, may prove acceptable, and (j hat the petitions sent up here and elsewhere, o avert the fatal ravages ol the disease among |, pthcr portions of onr fellow citizens, may be leard and answered. CREVASSE AT FACTORY DAM. t[ In consequence of the heavy rains that have atL'ly fallen, the dam of the DeKalb Factory . iroko on last Wednesday night, and let off nil n lie water tn the pond. We are not fully in- ^ "ormed as to the extent of the injury done, hut mderstand that aliout 00 feet of the dam was . ti Mitirely swept away, deluging the grounds heow, The water ntoved the shoe house and n jacked into the basement story of the Factory ^ n the lower weaving room and ware roon^ j( Jamaging the yarn and cloth consideiahly.? P O <> rim Company will repair the breach as soon ^ is possible, which may consume some weeks. Plleir loss of time and cost of repairing will ! imoiint, it is said, to more thnn $2000. 44 ll is ^ in ill-wind that blows nobody good," and while n ho accident was a severe loss to the Company, ^ l proved a perfect 44 windfall" to the fish rnonjers about Town. Innumerable quantities of j, he 44 finny tribe" were overhauled in the trained pond, and Iroul weighing from 6 to 12 founds, graced many a table the next day. ti PLANK HO AD TO CHARLOTTE. a The improved trade of the past season, the c lmount of cotton shipped from this depot, and ,f ncreascd amount of goods sold by our mcr- a '.hants, prove most conclusively that our citi- j ^ tens acted wisely in securing to their town, a branch from the South Carolina Rail Road, Their efforts too, in co operation with the u titizens of Lancaster, to continue it to Charotte, to secure the trade of North Carolina, and 51 rpen a channel through her depot for the cot- ^ on and grain of the up-country, were strenu- j, nous and praiseworthy; hut Columbia, Fairfield, f, Chester, and York outnumbered them iD sub- n scribors and voters, and pushed them off the track. What then, should he the course of l' Kershaw and Lancaster ? To despair of ever a effecting an improved mode of transportation because their strained efTorts for a Rail Road T failed, or to combine their energies and unit? CT . I in constructing the next best means of improving the trade in that direction! It the work on j tho Columbia nnd Charlotte Road should bo \ prosecuted with the same energy that it has been commenced", thnt Road, before very long, ^ will be completed, nnd a great portion oltho ^ trade that has hitherto supported, and that is n now supporting our market, will roll by in other channels. If tho trade of the ttp-counlry should he cut off, and our market be made to depend solely upon the District* of Kershaw i and Lancaster, Camden will be greaily injured, < nml tho invoKtinonls tit hor ltnil Rna,t mnv f ? "*w ? ? - ' I prove utterly unproductive. The prosperity of J Camden is the prosperity of Kershaw District, t nnd tho number and ability of her merchants, s her amount of trade, and her quantity and price i of goods so'd, govern, to some extent, the pros* 1 ? perity of Lancaster District and all other pla* j t cos that do their trading here.. What then I should be done? Let all tho sections interest* I ed, Kershaw, Lancaster and the lower portions . of Mecklenburg and Union, Count res unite nnd I construct a Plank Road from here to Charlotte. I ?a Hoad combining cheapness, durability, rapid transportation and profit. What says Lancaster? What say her Steam Mills and long i leaf pines? Internal Improvements are receiving the : I greatest attention throughout the Union, and a ' new spirit of enterprise has aroused all our neighboring Stales. Southern roads are naturally bad, hut markets must he reached. No i plan to improve them has met with more favor, I nor seems likely to be more generally adopted j #' tan Plank Roads. Tennessee, Georgia, and forth Carolina hare determined to try lben*? nd even in our own Stale the subject i* atfrae* ng serious attention. An application will Im iade at the next silting of the Legislature, Ifof ** charier to construct one from a point on the fnniburg Rail Road near Aiken to EdgefielcL forth Carolina is showing us an example woriy of imitation. Not satisfied with herCen-' ral Rail Road from Goldshorough to Charlotte, he has determined to hnild. and has already" icated, a Plank Road from Fayetteville (o Sf sbury, from which the western Turnpike is to> un towards the Georgia line, securing a con?- : * exion with the Caldwell and Watauga Turn- d ike, which penetrates the State of Tennessee i the direction of Jonesborough. They hare pen effectually tried in the North, and hare . roven to lie the very best roads for the hack onntry. Thpy yield an annual profit of 14* t 2o per cent. There are six leading frota Jtica, New York, and the seventh is' ?iniidiugr i which there is invested $900,000, yielding" ' * profit of 15 per cent. Though a plan nPre. ent adoption, we are not then suggesting a rild. untried scheme, of improvement. Our only object in thesp remark*, is to drsixr ie attention, if possible, of our Icadidg rtren and apitalists to tho subject. Some months ago. ro published the mojpand cost of const ructionv , . . . , i .ly ' J-. .'"I * _ , ^ nd our readers may remember the cost to ber stimated from $1,000 to $1,500 per mile.? ts cheapness, and (he ease with wViefth may e constructed, the great nmotrrrt of Jh<? rrgfir ind of .imber, and tho s t wrwflf* convenient tre ' * le route, the level surface- of the ronntVy, anrf is grrat number ofsnTalT punter* fo fafcp sfocfc nd to be benefitted, the general1 good result- ^ ig to (bo. country, all combine to press upodf ur citizens the propriety of the enterprize.? tolay may be ruinous. v ; Many of the nrgiimen!3'*o streriurttwly urgerf few years ago, in^prvor of a Rail Road in that' irection, are strongly applicable *o a Plank: -/' load, and there are many section* that could! '."jK" ot support the former, that might1 increase raidly in wealth and prosperity, if they enjoyed* le lieuefits of the latter. We trust the sub~ ct will receive the consideration its import ince demands. Next week we'may ptthHtla ' icts and figures to sustain sonic of the positions ere assumed. r-. FOREIGN NEWS. The steamer Cambria arrived at Halifii* oi*4 ' ntlrsday last, from Liverpool,whence hm tj* (1 on the 21st ult., bringingVeren dity*;' Ijtclligence. We make tip 'the following ?f? ^ opsis of her news from the despatches of the lolttmhia Telegraph and Charleston Mercury: ^ The news is cheering, and the prospect* of 'ade continue to brighten. Cotton cnntimi^r ^ ' > ndvance,~"&rttl- the consumption is greater ow than was ever known before..SpmW? * are advanced a half penny on I heir'goods oiv-' ig to the advance on the raw material Salea * I Cotton for the weekending the 20th ultl, v. mounted to 76,940 bales, at an adraure of ont^ ighth pence on all descriptions. s,w 4,0. f," In London, the ravages of the cholera.am ecoming alarming. In Liverpool as welt s along the whole southern coast, the mortals-' >* is becoming verv great. The cases of this isease hare been very much reduced in Jre.:, . ^ ^ md. sev A very serious collision bad taken plaredieLveen Orangemen and Catholics near CaYtle ' Villinm, in which fifty persons were fcHfaifr nd wounded, most ofthein Catholic*. Thirfv. -? Tjepz.-gu* ight of the Orangemen have been arrested Hyv .. ie police. The potato rot has made it appear* nee in some localities, but the crop is general* r exempt from it. R<ofE ?Pope Pins lias addressed an autoraph lrtlor to Gen. Oudinot on receiving.lhe-;, eys of Rome, congratulating him on hiairU mph, and the order that reigned in Rome*,.,: The general impression is, that the Pope will nonreturn to the city, but the Roman frnop* , elitsn adhesion to him. That portion nf then* rhich was to hnre acted with tho- FreneU -oops, has refused, leaving the whole remaining; irco in tho city not more tha>ft etve tbousiuidj nen. fGarrihaldi has escaped, some accotmt**a^.t?j ho mountains of the AWiruzzf?other aflcoui)^ w ^ eprcsent him on the Neapolitan frontier tcina, , force of twenty thousand mem lIuNGARY.?The Tnrkish Ambassador at *tms has recerverf despatches by a specttHr . mirier, announcing a great victory hr pw* Jem orer tho Russians, on the Polish frontier. Advices from Vienna say that Bud* and Vsth had surrendered to the Rossian'fofCft * vilhont resistance. ' '+ There is also a report of n sharp conflict ore Comoro between the Hungarians ami the tllied armies, in which some account* claim this detory for the latter, hut i>thers slate- fchj* Huii<% ;arian victory compete, _ ^ SOUTH BUN REVIEWS: ( Wo have been prevented from acknowledfl* ng in doe time, the receipt of the July mroiho* m f The Southern Quarterly Review, and ThoSouthern Methodist (^mrtcrly Review. Thnfitly issue well sustains the high charaetM**?" heso able JoornaN. They conttoru* to. htt * -'.u . itrong pillars in support ing Southern. *tews ami1 nstitiuious, and' richly deserve- th* pnteoM^g >ftho Southern.patriot and scholar* Thecorv* cuts of the-Southern Quarterly are: 1st, th? Vorth and the South ; 2 J, Union of Churoh wall State; 3d, Tho Fine Art* in America $ Justice and Fraternity; 3th. Maeaidey'it Nik ory of England ; 6th, The Owiqtiesr of Cfeft* urnia, and the case oi Lieut. uwr. rremntu j 7th, Genera Flora* American Boreal?; 8th, Tbfr Fate of the Wasp Sloop of War ; filht ftarhydt'a industrial Kxchangos ; 10th, Later Poems at Henry Taylor ; 11th. Monogra|ih o< th? Fo?if S^walidao of the United States; and 12th, ' Critical Notices, The Articles in the Methodist Quarterly tewr; * 1st, Providential Agency; 2d, Politfeat'Efynrf. ity; 3d, Roger Willinim; 4th, Tim R** of Separation j 5th, Outline Portraits of tKstift, * gnished American Methodist Preacher*; Oik*