The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1836-1851, January 31, 1849, Image 2
ASPECT OF THE SLAVE QUESTION
The proceedings of the Southern Conventio
at Washington demonstrate that the opinion c
the people generally of the South is in advanc
of that of their representatives. The rosolu
tions now before the Legislatures of Nortl
Carolina and Virginia do not affirm more thai
is 'alleged will form the substance of the Re
pArt and Resolves which will be proposed fi
?cceptance by that Convention. To echo th<
opinion of the South by a slender majority u
the Committee, is to deprive the proceedi ngso
all moral influence. Il were better that thi
South should not have united their councils
than that the result should be exhibited in Mtcl
amiserable if not mischievous abortion. Wha
political under current may exist to dufeat tin
united consultation and proceedings of tin
Southern Convention, is best known to thosi
oliservers who are on the theatre of action
but this is very evident, that if the purpose is tc
arrest encroachment, the effect of divided coun
nils will be to give it more comprehensive ef
feet. The Abolition movement will be quick
ened. The Free Soilers will be emboldenec
to fiillow up their victory, in excluding slaver)
.from the territories, by the more signal triumph
, of prohibiting the sale of slaves and slaver)
itself in the District of Columbia. The on!)
means of checking the agitators is bv a moral
demonstration which would be effectual in
proportion to its unanimity.
What is to be lost even on the score of moderation
by the affirmance of recognized constitutional
principles? If the South is not
counselled to resist hy anything more forcible
than a pro?est, what party will be hurt?what
right violated?what safe usage or practice
impugned? is not protest as much a right of
the Stales collectively, as petition is that of the
people individually? No one pretends that tho
Committee in their report recommends a plan
of action for the South. No one suggests that
disunion lurks in a declaration of constitutional
principles. On the contrary, to recall Con
gressto the inviolability of those principles, if
the Union is to be preserved, is one of the
modes of its preservation. It substitutes persuasion
for violence?the voice of truth and
toarning for the accents of intemperance and
the threats of disorganization. It is then strictly
constitutional?ill accordance with the
equality which should subsist between States
confederated for mutual security?that an appea?
should be made to the constitution in its
primitive character and original spirit.
But it is said the movement is premature.?
JL<?t the ooutn hide her tune. LiCt nor wan
for some overt act. What species of overt act
is to form the casus belli, according to this ad
vire? What violence done to the constitution
between exclusion of slavery from the territories
and depriving the Southern States of their slave
"representation in Congress, by an amendment
of the Constitution, is to form the real overt
act? Now the party of Southern resistance do
"not counsel such rash advice as to wait the occastons
provocation of actual collision, when
"the minds of men will be too heated and embittered
to listen to reason or persuasion ; but to
anticipate the possibility of conflict?to break
the force of tho excitement which awakes the
slumbering passions?by ? calm appeal to the
principles of our Federal alliance, by protest,
by warning, by the logic that appeals to the
sense of mutual interest. What is called an
Overt act in violation of Southern rights, it
would be difficult, perhaps, to define. Would
tpe advisers of this character deem the efforts
of those States which have prevented the recovery
within their territory, of fugitive slaves,
unless by the officers of the U. S. Courts',
overt acts? If tho Congress of the United
States were to abolish slavery in the District cf
Columbia, this might be deemed an overt
act, but would It be more a violation of the i
Federal compact than for those States to remain
passive within whose limits slaves have
escaped from Virginia, Maryland and Kentuc- I
ky, when it is recollected that the Southern (
1 J ? - I -I ?T
otaies wouia never nave en'erea me union un- l
leis pbsTtTve stipulations had been formed to se* I
cure their property, under the contingency
which has so often occurred since the adoption <
of the Constitution. I
It appears, therefore, to us, that all right of i
resistance, even of the most passive kind, is <
surrendered, by refusing to make a Declaration f
of Right under any violence done to the Federal
Constitution. It seems that we are sacri- s
ficing the highest interest of posterity, in not <
saving them the necessity of a strugglo, on the t
poor plea that it is the duty of the present gen* I
eration, to postpone the period of resistance
until the attack comes in such a shape as to aggravate
injury and increase insult. We can
percoivo no possible harm to the cause of r
Union, of equal rights ander a Confederacy, c
that a solemn Protest and Declaration should f
issue from the assembled Representatives of (lie s
South, couched in language equally removed p
from threats or intemperance?dignified in tone, c
but firm in defining those limits beyond which d
encroachment shall not be permitted to pass. r
Charleston Eve. Neves. c
f
A FRIEND IN NEED. 1
The colored race in this country never want- g
ed friends more than they do at the present v
lime?not professing friends, who calculate n
how much political capital can be made by h
being clamorous in their behalf, but true
friends, who wish to see them comfortable, safe t
and happy. When has Africa been happy? I
Laboring under divine displeasure, a marked C
and differently created race from the white tl
man, always at war with each other in their f(
own country, sold as slaves by our Northern tl
ancestors, and purchased by the South to till v
iho land, the only comfort, protection, security, d
and safety which they have ever enjoyed since a
they left the land of Cush, is in what is called c
(heir slavery in the Southern Slates.; and this rr
comfort and safety they are about to be robbed r<
of by a host of sympathizing politicians, calling '
themselves free soil men and the friends of the C
colored race. a,
Here, at tho North, the poor blacks are not F
permitted to work alongside of the white man. s<
We redu-e ibein to the lowest gradest of civili. tr
zaiion by making them our servants, or waiters, a
and our dependants. Once they were permit, o]
ted to follow the humble employment of carry, w
ing up bricks and mortar, l?nt they were kick, u
ed from the ladder by our white fellow.citizens. m
They clean boots, scour clothes, but aro not .hi
permitted to sweep streets?tbey do not own or lc
command a ship; tbey are only cooks and ;
stewards?they are not merchants, bankers, or tli
broker*?tbey hold no public appointments, and ei
are rudely thrust from our cars and carriages? ni
we do not eai with thera or pray with them, ol
and in our places of amusement there are pens w
and divisions iu which they may sit by them* sc
selves. Is it any wonder that th*?y arc poor, pt
vicious, and the inmates of our hospitals and rn
prisons? And yet we, who persecute, neglect ni
and repodiate the free black man here, are hi
filled with holy zeal to make the slave free at dt
the South, and deprive birn of a home, of food rs
and clothing, and ol a kind, considerate mas
ter; and wo struggle for that freedom even at T
? the expense of breaking down, dividing, and J
>f destroying our glorious republic! Well may ft
the blacks say, 14 Save us from our friends 1
i- Save us from ihe pity and protection of the poll
litical Abolitionists !"
n What is to become of the poor free blacks
when thrown upon thu world without protcc- ^
r tion, deprived of their happy home in the slave j
a States, and of kind and sympathising masters? f
The Governor of Virginia, in his late message
f to the legislature, proposes to direct by law,
J that the free blacks shall leave the State. True, Ci
. they work but litile, and idleness is the parent fj
? of crime?true they corrupt the honest and in t?
1 dutrious slave, are useless themselves, and a
J burden and injury to the State. The freedom
i so essential to the whites, is to them an unbear- la
> able burden. What, however, is to become of hi
; 100,000 poor, friendless, free blacks, driven
) from their own State to take refuge in the
North, where are allowed them so few privile
ges ? Suppose all the slave States weie to say th
to their free blacks?"My friends we have given 2(
I vou ernDlovrrent and bread, but vour abolition
' friends in the North are anxious for you to come o(
' forth from the iniquity that surrounds you?go ^
to them, and ?ce if they will do as much tor
' you as we have done What is to become
of more than half a million of freed blacks '
driven forth to seek the cold charities of the
North! They will starve! We of the North se
will give thern no succor, no employment, and
yet we are even in favor of rending our glori- er
ous constitution to pieces in order to give them an
liberty! When will the age of reason be re- uvived??We
cannot rebuke the slave States in er
ridding themselves of their free blacks, which tfj
are a dead weight upon them ; and yet we g()
dread the day when they shall be thrown upon
the North for support and protection. Wher- ..
ever we turn we see nothing in the agitation of 1
the slave question but ruin and distress to the su
colored race. co
A circumstanco occurred here last week,
which has led to the foregoing reflections. Passing
down Nassau street, three or four persons
^ - ii -. _ n!i
were standing inside ot a store taiiung 10 a | ?
black man, ond they invited us to come in.? an
"Here is a black man," said one of the gen- | fro
tleinen, "who wishes to sell himself as a slave str
for S150." pre
We entered the store, and saw a short stout the
fellow, in rags, with a good countenance, and wa
no indication of vice. ^
"Where do you belong V*
"To New York. 1 was born hpre."
"Don't you know that you cannot sell yourself
as a slave in this State?"
"What am I to do ? I can get no work; I j ^,a
hare hai no breakfast; I am almost naked; no | leri
one cares for me, and I have no Iricnd. Is it ties
not better to have a good master whom I can sed
work for, and who will care for me ?" 'J
Here was an illustration of the practical jiav
benevolence of domestic African slavery, while mr|
it exhibited the rank hypocrisy of the aboli- ^Jej
tionists. They could raise S2000 to purchuse j
the liberty of two mullatto girls, and yet allowed
a poor black to offer to sell himself as a uaj
slave to save himself jrom starving in a lrcc 1 dc'!
Nbrthern Slate !?y. Y. Times. Lip
the
Tub Methodist Ciiurcii Property Qugs- obu
tion\?'I'he committee, consisting of .Messrs. fv.
George Lane, Levi Scott, Lerny Wormstedt, amo
and Jolni H. Power, appointed by the last wcr
Methodist Episcopal General Conference, held 0f0
at Pittsburg, to whom was referred the propo- j ^
silion of the Methodist Episcopal Church,
South, relative to tha division of the Church re^)r
property, have come to the following decision:?
' Having taken the advice ot eminent legal q<
counsel, in compliance, with the direction of the
late General Conference ol the Methodist Epis- . .
copal Church, we are satisfied that no power '
which wo possess, whether corporate or other- truc
wise, will warrant us to submit the claim made ^or<
by you in behalf of the Methodist Episcopal ^oni
Church, South, to a portion of the property of Add
ihe Hook Concern of the Methodist Episcopal patr
Church, to the decision of arbiters." beei
A suit a? law for the recovery of property geog
:laimed, is n ?w the proposed remedy of the
Church South, and the case will, therefore, jU(jj(
ipeedily corne before the Circuit Court of Ohio C(jrr|
)r Now-York, and anon find its way to the c
Supreme Court of the United States.
This question of Arbitration was discussed Patri
it the last National Conference, and a considirablo
portion of the Delegates were for the j twe(
:ommon distribution of a property which bar 1 "has
)een obtained from a common source. ban!
the
DEATH OF COL. CROGHAN. men.
" This distinguished officer died last eve.
ling from the effect of a disease resembling ??? .
(j c r <
:holera, which he suffuod to remain upon him r fi
or near two days, before calling in medical as.
istanco. He was attacked on Saturday, but 4
aid 110 heed to his complaint till towards noon w'*?
>n Monday, when his symptoms became so to
listressing that medical aid was summoned, but tr'?l
10 relief cou'dbe had from the most skilful and guid<
:onsiderate treatment. He lingered till night, more
all, in the perfect possession of his faculties, wieh
rVhen he felt the hand cf death upon him he ]? cf
;avo directions as to the disposition of his body 80m
villi the greatest calmness, intrusted various jn
riessages with surrounding friends, and closed
r .... *^? men
is eyes forever, i,
"Colonel Croghan was the son of Major m? f
Villiatn Croghan, of the revolutionary war. nort':
lis mother was the sister of the celebrated on
leneral George Rogers Clark, who overran self;
lie Northwestern Territory during the struggle ment
>r American independence, and achieved for and d
lie United States the title by conquest by U|)0Il
vhicli that immense tract of country, now sub- tjjem
ivided into States and teeming with a thrifty gu
nd hardy population, became a part of this ftalur
onfoderacy. Both upon the father anil the
lolher's side he inherited the blood of the 00,1,1
evolution. ''
"Upon the breaking out of the last war, are Cl
Jul. Croghan entered the army. At the early to tb<
ge of nineteen he made the gallant defence of their i
ort Sandusky. By this brilliant feat he in- gress
:ribed his name upon the scroll of fame. He firm,
larried and resigned his commission shortly njdi ,
fter the peace. But during the administration tjie B
f Gen. Jarkson he returned to the service ^av(J
itli the commission of inspector general, which ^ ^
as tendered to him by that illustrious comtandor.
lie held this office up to the. time of 8 ort
is death. He was in 1m9 filty-ninthyear, and we ec
aves behind him a wife and family. nent
" It was scarcely hoped that he would live and ft
irough the day yesterday. It was the glorious Tb<
ghlh ol January, nnd as the booming of can- and tl
>n wHiild ehuke the chamber of death, thoughts fr0m t
" tho olden time would come over him, and he grcg8i
ould straightway revive. He had heard such jzej r(
>unds long ago, and they spoke to him of the c
ist. Towards evening he weakened as the
omenls wasted. He struggled through till rat,on
ght closed upon the earth. The military had
ed their last salute in honor of the expiring our
iy. When its echoes had ceased to raverbe- wiscile,
the hero of Sandusky was dust." bread
jY. 0. Picayune, i a glori
rHE CAMDEN JOURNA
Wednesday .Horning* January 3l, 1849.
W. T1IURLOW CASTON, EDITOR.
U"The Editor of the Journal will be absi
oin the St&tc for a few weekp, during which !
uties will be attended to by a friend.
The 3Iarkets.
We have no change to notice In the price
otton since our last. There has been little or
tiling off in the supply. We continue the quo
itions of last week?-5 to
Charleston, Jan. 29.
The cotton rnaakot was very quiet on Saturd
ist, the transactions having been limited to 7
ales, at 5| to 7.
Onr Town.
We remember to have heard, that a Director
le Rail Road was astonished to hear that upwat
)00 packages of Merchandize had been receiv
the Depot here in one day. For the informati
' those at a distance who are in the habit
linking of our venerable Town, as an insigni
mt place, we beg leave to state, that more th
lirty thousand bales of cotton have been alrea
lipped on the Camden Branch Rail Road tl
lason. This is the number assumed as the ma:
urn of yearly receipts by the proprietors ot ll
iterprise; and yet we are assured by intellige
id extensive Dealers in Cotton, that this amou
ill be at least doubled. Besides this., the Steal
Wateree has made a number of successf
ips, carrying a full freight of Cotton. Oi
reets are crowded with wagons and present
ast lively appearance of business ; and we hai
tie doubt that our Market will continue toaffbi
ch inducements to the Planter as to insure tl
ntinuarice of this increased trade.
The Temperance Celebration.
On Friday last, cur town was enlivened by
mcrous procession of the Sons of Temperanc
d Coid Water Army. The Division of the Sor
mSumterville arrived here, nearly one hundre
ong, by an extra train at 11 o'clock, A, M. Th
>cession was formed at Masonic Hall, vvher
s Grand Division and Wateree Division were i
iting, and was conducted to the Presbyteria
urcli by Maj. K. S. Moffat and F. L. Villepigui
q., Marshal Is appointed for the occasion, wher
lasterly address was delivered by Rev. Thoina
Russell, a member of the order. We regre
t so few of our ciiizens were present 011 this in
eating occasion, as it is not often thatopportuni
i are afforded us of hearing this subject discus
in so able a manner.
rhe Sumter Division left the same afternoon
ing excited (be admiration of all, by this testi
iy of their zeal in this good cause, afforded b;
ir flying visit.
n the evening, another very interesting meeting
; held at ? ;? same p!.'<ce, where addresses wert
vergd by the Rev. W. T, Capers, Rev. Mr
pard, of Lexington, and Mr. G. W. Garmany
G. W. P. of the order, Many signatures were
lined to the Pledge of the Washington Socioand
a general feeling of enthusiasm excited
>ng the friends of Temperance generally. We
f particularly pleased to see so Urge a number
nr fellow citizens in the ranks of Wateree Dian,
and to recognize in the Cold Water Army,
csentatives of nearly every family of this place.
North and South.
hat these great sections of our country should
:rally occupy an adverse and anlagouistical atle
each to the other, is as much opposed to the
interests of both, as it is to be regretted.?
?sliudowed by the prophetic and warning wisof
the Father of his country in his Farewell
rcss, it would seem that a combination of true
iotism, and wise statesmanship, would have
i accomplished to secure our safety from these
graphic divisions, against which, we were so
fully warned. 0:i the contrary, sectional pre
:es have ever been fostered by designing and
jpt politicians, as the lood of parly subsise,
at the expense of every sentiment of true
otism.
he great Tariff* issue was but a struggle be;n
North and South; and now Abolitionism
reared his proud front" upon the Potomac's
ts, and sounded a war-blast destined to shake
nation to its extremes?to fire the passions of
?to sever the ties of brotherhood?to place
eon north and south, a cloud of prejudice, anind
hatred, never to be dispelled, we fear, but
;rcc and dangerous tempests,
jarful indeed, is the responsibility of that man
agitates this element of evil, thus calculated
istroy the fair fabrick inherited from our pafathers,
however honest he may be in his mised
and erroneous opinions ; but how much
i awful the impending doom of the traitor who
id this implement of death, knowing its dcadfecte?with
savage ferocity, smiting the boof
bia mother for the assassin's reward !
f kio /?n t ft rrr\ sir ii>a on avi aaii! kn xn
Lina vaivj^wi j | n c ouiu OUUUICI II
as foster divisions among their brethren, urg[uiet
submission to "the vilest insults of the
t, hearing the bitterest and fiercest curses uplose
who would have the south true to Iierand
all this, tor the 6ake of party advance.
Jf any one doubts that southern men can,
o, occupy such a position, he is not informed
facts so painfully apparent, that they force
selves u|>on the ino6t incredulous,
t we thank God, this stale of things, so unal,
60 revolting to moral sense cannot long
nue. The crisis is arriving, nay, is at hand?
isue is upon us?it must be met now, or we
rushed forever. The States "are gathering
j fray," north and south. Resolutions trom
Beveral Legislatures ooiue pouring into Con.
Fierco, angry and insulting from the one;
sorrowful, but defiant on the other. Virgiloble
Virginia, ever faithful, ever true, leads
outhern phalanx; the Carolinas and Florida
already wheeled into line, and now there can
donbtthat the south will unite at some point
of absolute degradation. In this, we think
ie the safely of the Union, and the permasettlement
of this dangerous question, now
>rever.
e violent tone of some of tlie "northern papers,
ie no less violent resolutions and memorials
he northern states, recently laid before Conwill
have more effect in producing an organe6istance
at the south, than any thing else
Wo begin to realize that from their modei
we have nought to hope.
i south united, the Union may be saved and
onor preserved. But should rt prove other-should
this excitement have so widened the
1 that it can never be healed, ire believe that
iouF career will open to the Southern Repub
1* lie. Possessing a bond of union superior to oth
or conflicting interests, producing the three gre
staples of trade, Cotton, Rice and Sugar, she coi
establish her foreign relations on her own tern
Above all, animated by the spirit of our anceeto
== we would be invincible by any foe, and like the
;nt "conscious of the rectitude of our intentions," o
b's happiness and prosperity as a nation could not
equalled.
Perhaps we cannot belter close this article th
?f by the following extracts from northern papers
no recent date?
ta* "Congress?Congress h?as yet done not
ing but talk, which, considering its choice
subject, is the best thing it possibly could do.lay
We hold that the session thus far, inasmuch
^ it has been spent in discussing the question
slavery, is. on the whole, rather the most prof
able one that has occurred lor many years.
, has done something towards bringing affairs
OI a crisis. The formation or the Southern Cor
mitfee, is in itself, a great step gained. A
ed cording to the letter writers at Washingto
on that will probably end in talk?vox et preteri
of nihil?as all Southern threats are, if the Norl
fi. only knew it, nnd could get over her trick of b
an ing frightened. And this very meeting may t
dy much to cure her. If the South ever means
jj8 do any thing it is her time NOW. If she fa
. ters at the outset, will she stand steadily at lb
shockJ And if she trembles and falls back, tl
"s North will advance, and slavery will be alio
nt ished in good time, or the Union dissolved.
nt will then be quite another sort of vox thenn
the mr aJJuesit faucibus?with the South wht
ul the North begins to threaten disunion.
ur This only equalled by the following, from th
a Philadelphia Ledger:
/e Southern- Foli.v.?We lauph reluctantb
rd but we must laugh at the position assumed ri
ie cently by the South. If they are wrong, the
are in all things wrong. Does the South dar
to think that we fear it? Does it dream tha
we of the ice-born North, have weaker nerve
a or more unworthy motives to action, than th
;e sturdiest of the South? If this be the issue, It
,8 them look to it. The rivers of our hemispher
,j flow to the South. The destinies of our worl
ie sought the same direction. All the past ha
proved it. Asia has ever been at the fool o
0 Northern conquerors; and even the weil ceinen
n ted empire of Caesar was bowed down, wiili al
n its honors, before the torrent strength of thi
North.
e
s Wo regret to state (says llic Columbia Telegraph
t that tlio Hon. Wji. C. Preston lias been seriously in
r disposed for lire lust few days, but was considcrei
. belter by bis physicians last evening. His attack h '
been of a most critical character; but we sincerib
trust that the danger is now over, and that be may bi
long spared to a community and State wbich prizi
'* biin for bis genius and moral worth, and to the lnstiti
lion of which he has been the fostering parent,
f His illness has cast a gloom over our community
for wc al! know that for qualities both of head anc
1 heart, this generation Can present but few peers to tin
; | statesmen, Wm, C. Pumto.n?and w<? who have sect
. him in tho walks of daily lifo. have learned equally lc
t love the man The threatened loss of our two great.
, est men at the same moment presents a strange coin.
cidcnce. Wc can at present ill spare either,
Tde Edgefield Advertiser
lias come under the editorial control of \V. C.
Moragnc, Esq., late 1st Lieut of the Company ol
Volunteers from that District, in the Mexican war,
which post he filled with honor and usefulness.
He is a gentleman of reputed talent, and writes
well. lie declares his attachment to the H)ld Republican
School of '93," and ably vindicates the
rights of the South on the Proviso question.
Judge S. Heydenfeldt has written a long Address
to Gov. Chapman of Ala. to prove that slave
labor is superabundant in that Stale, and consequently,
that immigration of slaves thither should
be prevented by Law. lie argues his subject ably
and snya that this is the true reason why the South
should resist the Wilmol Proviso at all hazzards,
as it is only to these countries we can look to receive
our surp us. There is much truth in his posilions,
and the subject is one that cannot be too
closely examined.
They pay for drinks in California hi Gold dust?
A pinch a drink. It is said a practised Grog-seller
can pinch the purchaser at the rate of ?8 per
drink.
XT The Blazing Star, spoken of by the papers
as a most remarkable phenomenon, and supposed
to be a burning planet, proves to be the well known
star Canopus, of the constellation Argo Navis,
once worshipped by the ancient Egyptians, Arabians
and other Eastern nutirfns. Its strange motion
and appearance may be readily accounted for
by its being so near the horizon, and the refraction
of light, together with the vapots of the earth and
air passing between it and the human vision.
For the Camden Journal.
TUB SOUTH CAROLINA RAIL ROAD.
Mr. Editor,?The low grumblings which
have been heard for Ihe last week or (wo ; like
ihose which precede the more violent eruptions
of avVoteano, give sufficient indication of the
tempest which is about to burst over the devoted
heads of tho Direction of the South Carolina
Rail Road. Our attcution has been called
to this matter, by tlio confased and somewhat
contradictory article with which a "Stockhold.
er" in the Charleston Courier of 22d January,
prefaces a letter from the Baltimore correspondent
of the Evening News.
In one breath he talks about building new
roads?replacing the old rails with new and
[ heavier iron?working our way round the inclined
plane?building new workshops and
depots?declnring large dividends, but without
saying one word as to where the means are to
bo procured for making such heavy expenditures.
Verily, Mr. Editor, one would suppose
that the Board could'stretch a long arm into
the Mines of California and shovel golden
eagles into tho pockets of the Stockholders,
without tho expense of making a road to get
there. He then winds up with a very significant
growl about Grand Western Extensions.
Me complains that the Board have, under the
orders of the Stockholders, conrtnrctcd tho
Camden Brnnch, and that they have used the
income of the Company in doing so, liecause
the Stockholders have faifed to provide the
means. Lot us see what the Camden Branch is.
Six miles of the Hamburg Road were completed
in 1830, and the whole Road to Hamburg
was finished about 1st October 1833. In
May 183T, the receipts from business were
81200; from that time up to the 31st Dec.
1833?2 years and*8 months, the total receipts
from the business of the Road were 844,070.73,
no report of the nnmber of bales of cotton; but
during the next year, the whole Road b?*ing in i
operation 24,567 bales were carried to Charleston.
Tho Rond cost Ht that time 8951,000? i
including Machinery, Aic. .
Tho Columbia Rond was opened to Orange- I
burg about the end of June 1840, and finished i
. ' T :"V.
er to Columbia JutiF 1842; The Receipt* of the
sat Branch up to that time?2 years?were
i)d $30,638, or the income to the Company from
18> the business of the Branch was about $60,000.
rg Number of bales of cotton carried to Charles.
' ton from the Branch 6.669.?Length of Road
67mile*? and cost at the time of completion,
ur including cost of survey above Colombia and
but exclusive of machinery $2,583,000.
The Camden Branch was opened to tMiddlean
ton?10 miles?about 1st April 1848, and to
of Camden about 1st November 1848. The
gross income to the Company from the business
h. of this Branch up to 31st December was
of $46,000?and of Cotton 19,500 bales?being
_ for nine months from the first opening of the
as Road. The Branch is 37 miles long and cost
of including (say ($70,000 for) machinery and
it. outfit $600,000?farther comment on this comIt
parison is unnecessary.
to A "Stockholder" gives a long list of works
n- that ought to have been commenced seven
c years ago, among other things "renewing the
n, iron on the whole length of the. Hamburg
Rnori " VV?i nrnctimu Kp rlirl nut mpan I hat
th this work should have been commenced seven
e- years ago or within two years after the present
]o rail was put down, that would have been an
to imputation on the former Managers, which we
/. suppose he did not intend.
ie But let us make some estimate of the cost of
ie the work a Stockholder says ought to have
1- been done within the last seven years.
It " Renewing the iron on the whole
? Hamburg Road" at preseut pri71
ces?4 years ago the price of
iron was double what it is now, ?600,000
ie "Crossing the Savannah"?low
estimate, 50,000
" Working our way round the In*
, clined Plane", 150,000
" Extending the Road to the
g Wharves "?" Building new L)e.
pots in Charleston "?" Work.
lg shops, <kc., 160 000
^ To |?p expended in seven years. ?960,000
or 9137.UUU per an u wry ne.irty equal 10 o
j per cent on the Stock of the Company. Had
the Board anticipated a Stockholder's wise
r advice where would have l?pcn the Dividends?
The correspondent of the Evening News in
j saying that "Mr. M. Lane under unmistakable ,
b signs of dissatisfaction front prominent Stock,
holders felt constrained to resign'' did not state i
the tchole truth. j
^ The Baltimore and Ohio Rail Road was j
commenced about the same lime as the S. C. i
j L. & C. Rail Road, when very little was known (
on the subject ; They both had to wade through
a series of very expensive experiments, and
[ both now are just emerging from their difficul- <
ties. Other work*, which have profited by |
their experience, are now in successful opera- ,
lion, without having been subjected to the t
expense of their predecessors. At the litne of t
j their grealeot difficulties, the Stockholders of |
the Baltimore and Ohio Rail Road Company j
' sought for a suitable individual to navigate
1 their bark through the sturn ; such a person ?
1 they found in the Hon. Louis McLane, but just t
as he was about to bring tho noble ship into <
port, they hove him overboard leaving his sue- |
cessor to reap the fruits of his toil and his r
genius. We nro not willing to believe that J
the Stockholders of (lie South Carolina Rail t
. Road Company, have the will or intention, as a r
"Stockholder" would have .-us believe, lo follow j
their illiberal example, by ,driving from the
administration of our afiairs, those, whose de* e
vol ion and experience,, render best able to s
serve our interest. , r
CAMDEN BRANCH. .|
t ' a
Professor Brumby.?The new Professor h
of Chemistr) in our College arrived here with p
his family on Saiurday evening last, and will, ij
we presume, immediately enter upon the per- u
lormanco of his duties. He has the reputation }
of being well qualified for his post, and may bo
regarded as a valuable acquisition to our Cob
lege and City. As an old graduate, he cannot
he considered, and should not feel himself, a f,
stranger here. He is welcome back lo us, for di
our common mother can ill spare at present t|
any of her sons calculated to do credit to sj
her.?Columbia Telegraph.
' c
Tiif. Growth op Our Country.?The Lou- jr
don Times, in its criticism upon Mr. Polk's
Message, says: "We can however, add that Mr. in
P. has given an account of American progress p<
which will excite the interest and the nduiira* a
tion ol the Old World. In the history of States
there never was anything so rapid, and never e:
did a preternatual growth appear to rest on so n
solid a foundation. All that one has ever read Jt
of families multiplied as the sands on the seashore,
of swarming tribes, of rising cities, and o!
prosperous common wealths, seems concentrated ci
and magn fied in this modern prodigy, whose or
' Anglo-Saxon origin suggosts in us so many re- to
"rets and not a little Dfide." si>
-? tp
Correspondence of the Baltimore Sun. PJ
Washington, Jail. 21, 1849. de
The Southern Committee, lust night, adopted bt
the address of Mr. Calhoun, as amended by w]
Mr. Berrien and others. It is now an address pr
to the Union, and not to a particular section of 0f
the country, and in its present tone quite unob. a?
jectionahle. Instead of appealing to the fears
of the North, it appeals to their patriotism?a }?
quality which, it is to be hoped, is more largely Vv<
developed iu Americans than that most despica. pr
ble of all incentives to action?fear..
Mild as the address is, it is still doubtful qt,
whether k will be generally signed ; 1 am of (hi
opinion that it will not. Maryland, Delaware, tIn
Kentucky, Tennessee, Florida, (as far as she r|t
has spoken in her late elections,) and last, d,,
though not least, in the consideration of the tin
Union, Texas have expressed their dissatisfac- it
tion with all ultra measures. If they now, rnr
through their Representatives here, adhere to
the address, it will only be because of its mo te<
deration, which, of course, defeats the ulterior ifo
object?if such alone existed?of the framers ;M,
of the first address. The whole exparte move- frtJ
ment may be looked upon as a signal failure. sot
Mr. Calhoun is seriously indisposed ; hut n0
his friends believe that ho will soon be able to thn
resume his duties in the Senate. p<v
The late news from California has set every {Jj
body crazy here, and railroad schemes again coi
ulwiimr) Tl ic clear thn? ihnl which nrnmises .i.
to be immediately available will be that which be<
must receive the most favor. X. hei
? fre
Washington, Jan. 21, 1849.
The address of Mr. Calhoun, modified by
Mr. Berrien, to obviate the objections made in
the Convention of Monday evening last, was ]
concurred in by the Committee last evening, of I
unanimously. It will be signed, hot not gener- spr
ally, by Southern members, on Monday eve- tuti
ning, and immediately issued, in cxtenso, to the jshi
whole people of the United States, without tori
sectional distinction. It embraces, essentially, ver
the doctrines and declarations of Mr. Calhoun's Th
iddrcss; but modifies it, in regard to tho appli- fojt
cation to the whole north, confining the objec.
tiouable,"/tortA?r?" parte to the **abolition till"
exclusively.
Mr. Calhoun was much belter yesterday, and
is still letter to-day. His case is one of catalepsy,
rather than of apoplexy-?a want of the
proper circulation necessary to sustain the sys?
tent, rather than of excessive circulation?of a
tendency of blood to the head, dec. ' His attack
lias been caused by the injudicious calls of
frie/iJ?, at objectionable hours, keeping bim up,
often, until after twelve at night, and also by his
great exertions, recently, mentally and physically,
connected not only with his official but
with his duties in the preparation of (he Address
to the South. He will be well, in a day
or two, if he is "let alone." 11.
Washington, Jan. 24.
We learn from the South, that great excitement
prevails almost universally, on the slavery
question. The proceedings of the Soothern
meet in??, are the subject of de#>n frolino a?wt
?- ; < - - ? r -? ?&
interest. Dissolution of the Union is every
^where familiarly talked of, and its advantage's lo
the South dwelt upon.
This state of feeling will he much encouraged
by the adoption of Mr. Calhoun's report.
That report will, in all probability, aooo ri?ceive
the signatures of all the democratic and
even some of the whig members who are now
hesitating or reluc ant to cnuntenauce.it. Popular
sentiment at the South may compel them
to do it. Thus the southern meeting acts upon
popular sentiment, and public sentiment acts
upon the meeting.
It is vain to say that, under such circumstances,
the Union is not in danger. Any one can
see from the tone of the remarks even of grave
Senators, in the debate on Momlay, that there
exists a settled hostility against the Union ;
which is not easily to be appeased, and which
might, if a little aggravated by imprudent legis.
lation on the part of Congress, soon end in an
nrfToniintiAn ?*l tl?a C!i?
?'i luw w?wui lir I II OICMCa HI III ? Ol'pH*
rate confederacy.
It is possible that the proceedings of, the
Southern members will serve to prolong the
existence of the Union, and preserve its tranquility.
Mr. Calhoun's opinion was that re*
sisiatire, at this time, by the united South,
would have that effect. The movement has
certainly had some good effect already, ft has
brought the (louse to a halt. It has defeated
the Wilmot proviso, and all interference with
slavery in the District at this session. There
are too many wbigs, Northern and Southern,
seeking offices to allow of any immediate measures
tending to promote a dissolution of the
Union. .
It is now thought that Congress will get rid
if these questions by the admission of Caltforiia,
as a Slate, at this or the next session, by
establishing the Territory of New-Mexico, at
he next session, without the slavery restricion
; and by extending over the Di?triet ?f Coumhia
the laws of Maryland, so far as (hey
vgulate the traffic in slaves.
The Northern people, it is known, would be
latisfied to let slavery in the District alone, if
he "slave pens " (so called] could l?e abolishid
; and they could not exist under Maryland
aw. The Northern rupmhera, after the ad.
nission of California as a State?knowing that
t will be a free State?will be willing to exend
a government over New-Mexico without
est: ir ion, trusting to the probability that the
nhabitants will exclude slavery. >
A new proposition?but one too wild and
xtratft.'anf for success?has been started to
i-ttle the territorial question, by refusing to
ecognise the Mexican tejritory as any pert of
he Union, by any law whatever. Tbe Whigs,
* a bodv, took this ground at the close of. lho
ite session, but many of them are -now disused
to go on and comply with all the stipulaions
of the treaty oI peace, which look In the
Itirnnte admission of California aud New.
lexico into the Union. ION.
W.qBL\oTo5, Jan. 25.
Mr. Douglass' substitute for his original bill
>r the admission of California as an indepen- s
ant State into the Union, came up to day inie
Senate, and produced a very happy impreson.
The bill provides?
1st. That Congress give its assent to tbe
>ming in of California as a State of this Union,
om and after the 4th of July next.
2d. That the acting govern ?r of the territory
i the meantime call a convention, for the. pur.
ise of framing a constitution and establishing
State government.
3d. That the laws ofthe United States lie
(tended over it, and the Slate lie allowed one
preventative in Congress, (of course, indepen.
nt of two Senators.)
The bill in its present aspect, is perfectly tintjection.ilile,
even to the extreme hyper-criti.
sin of Mr. Berrien and Mr. Butler, and is the
j'y nutionul compromise that can lie agreed
between the north and the south during this
ssinn. The question of slavery in the new
rritories will never be settled by caocusse*,
: parte decisions of conventions, and abstract
iclarations of faith or paradoxies; it can only
! settled by wise and practical legislation,
hich shall admit of an historical solution of the
oblem in the course ofliine, and as the result
the Duculiar circumstances of the case. States
id Empires have, like iudividuals ati historical
neration, birth, growth anddeclinp, which it
the business of statesmen to consider! if they
Duld lay claims to more than mere' doctrinal
nfessoiships on abstract questions.
Mr. Douglass' bill endeavors to eliminate the
est ion of slavery from Congress, and in this I
ink consists the chief merit of the bill. Let
i question bo settled by the pecq^e of the terory,
and give them at once the privilege o
ing so, as in the view of the fact that emigre^
n is pouring in from all quarters of this Union
is evident that they will have a right to de>
tnd it in less than a year.
The reference of the bill to r select commiti
of seven, to be appointed by the Presulcut of
Senate, was very apropos and felicitous ?
r. Dallas' devotion to the irkole country, his
edom from all sectional prejudices, and hi*
iud judgment, are well known, and have at
time been better appreciated than now, so
it the appointment of the cornmitte came with
rticular grace from the Vice President oi the
lion. The views of the members of the
minittee are well balanced, and a better eon*
Nation of sensible men could scarcely have
sn selected. 'i*he state of Mr. Calhoun's
nith required that he should not be taxed with
sh labor.
Curre*flatulence a(ihe Charlwtpo Mercury.
Washington Crry, Jan. 22 1849.
[ must refer you to the reports for an account
:he animated and interesting (imitate which
ung op in the Senate to day, on the preteq.
Ion, by Mr. Dix, of the Resolve* of the Log
ture of New York, in relation to the Terri.
ies of California and New Mexico, and iday
in them and in ihe District of Cotumbia.
e debate was entirely unexpected, and there.
3 the most interesting, as having about it