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THE CAMDEN JOURNAL. VOLUME 9 CAMDEN, SOUTH CAROLINA, OCTOBER 11, 1848. NUMBER 4K ? 1 : - - - _t >tfBt.I3HBD EVERV WEDNESDAY MORNING BYTHOMAS W. PEGUK a. >**> TERMS. Tliree Dollars perannum in advance, Three Dollars am Fifty Cents within six months, or Four Dollars at the e piration of the year. Advertisements inserted at 75 cents per square, (fourteei iaea or less,) for the first and half thatsum for each subse quent insertion. The number of insertions to be noted 01 all advertisements, or they will be published until orderei to be discontinued, and charged accordingly. One Dollar per square for a single insertion. Quarter! and Monthly advertisements will be charged the same a ingle insertion, and Semi-monthly the same as new ones For publishing Citations as the law directs three doilar will be charged. All OSituiry Notices exceeding six lines, and Communi cations recommending Candidates for public offices of pro fit or trust?or puffing Exhibitions will be charged as ad ver tisetnents. Altl letter* by mail must be post paid to insure a punctua atteainn. TO CLUBS. In order to place the Journal within the reach o all. we offer the following reduced rate* to Club) of new subscribers?payment to be made at tk Um&tf subscribing. Hfc> r 4 copies for one year, -$I0 09 For 6 copies for one year, 14 00 .For 8 copies for one year, 18 00 For 10 copies for one year, 21 00 For 12 copies for one year, 24 00 Any one ot our present subscribers will be con. sidereJas one of either of the above clubs, by ob ta ning a sufficient nu nber of new subscrilwrs tc make up w th hithe 4, 6, 8, 10, or 12. From the Charleston Mercury. PRODUCTION' OF TURPENTINE. Mr. Editor: I n dice in your paper of yesterday a communication upon the pro. duclion of turpentine, with directions for those who may desire to engage in the business. I have long wondered, sir, that our ptauters have not given more attention tn ihc subject. The culture of Cotton, particularly in the low country of this State, has rewarded iho olanters sobadlv for manv rears that it is a matter of gratification to see pointed out some more profitable employment. South Carolina and Georgia abound in pine forest of the best kind fortlie production of turpentine. The few who have been engaged in producing turpentine in this 1 State for two or three years past have fairly proved-lhai our trees will yield as abundantly as in North Carolina. They have always found too, a ready sale in the Charleston market for their crops. We have established here an extensive turpentine distillery, requiring supplies often greater than can be fmnished in this market. Besides the demand .. r distillation, if large quantities of raw turpentine were sent to this market, there would arise a large demand for export, Charleston being perhaps he most favorable port on the coast for shipping to the best advantage. L The communication 1 have referred to in the beginning of this article, gives almost all the information necessary to undertake the I laismess of producing turpentine. I beg, however, to add someWtlngiwtii. h will m-.,o L /GJIy instruct the beginner at the business. A good crop season, with occasional showers, is about the most favorable season for the running of the trees. The trees should lie boxed at least 18 inches fr mjhe ground, so as not to be overrun by heavy rains, and for greater convenience in dipping also.? rrh#? boxes, moreove. should be cut when the form of the tree will permit, on the north side of the tree. They are not so much exposed then to the action of the sun. The turpentine when running to lite box, protected in this way. will retain more of the spir its. Besides the advantage of saving more B .spirits from evaporation, by having the box B( inn the north ?ide of the trees, you have I lie Hoxe* philected from the dust and leaves that fly ..bout with the south winds which W prevail most constantly during the summer, r When the botes are cut they should be well cleaned of chips, and in chipping the tree afterwards, care should always he taken t<i T "keep the 'chips of wood and bark from Tailing intd the botes. It is important in boxing the trees io see that the hands perform their task properly, and not allow them t< k mislead you as they will frequently do, bv Saying that thev perf >rm their task, withoul f hAlf doing so. Neglecting this particular you may suppose, wneti mc tunning comes, ihat yoli are making a bad crof ^ without knowing the true cause of the shor1 yield?that your trees are not half boxed The experiment I learn, has been made sue ressfully in chipping over the same spoi twice. The object of doing this is to hav< the tunning exposed on less of the fice of tin tree, and to make the trees produce for t creator number of years before the chippinj gets so high up as to be very incovenienth managed. As the chipping goes on fro 11 year to year, you have a longer face of tlx tree for the turpentine to pass over before : readies the box. The value of the terpen tine then is very much diminished, and yoj have to gather it Irnm the face of the trc< for scrape, which is worth but about one half as much as what is dipped from tin boxes. To guard the trees from the worm aw from fire, rake away the chips and leave; a every season. The turpentine should Ix gathered clean as possible from the boxes and put up in neat barrels of uniform siz< and about the standard weight, which a * - - rr w* 1 it> j I /t! I f If ?>rC?lMll IS O^U pwillliia - .dipping turpentine the Virgin or yield o Ihe first year should not be mixed with tin /dippings from trees of older running. I should be carefully barrelled by itself, am sent to market quickly. This quality of tur pentinc, 19 most valuable just alter it is gatli crcd.diminishes in *aluc when kept, by th< rapid loss of the spirits. The older dipping . of turpentine retain the spirits better than tin ^ Virgin dip, and may be withheld from tnar ket without the risk of much loss of spirit; When you have done dippingyour cmp frou fhe boxes, you then scrape from the face o the tree the Turpentine which has adherei to it, flnd barrel this by itself for turpentin known qs scrape. I*o make the labor les painful the long dipper will save much stoop ing, which fatigues the hand more than an other portion of the labor. The tools nc cessary for preparing the trees for Turper * linecan, 1 learn, he had in Charleston. Under good management, there is n branch of agricultural industrv at the Soull I" so profiiable as ihe production of Turpentine. In no part of the South either could a change j of labor be more beneficially made, than to * abandon the wasted Cotton lands in the low ? country of this State that are yielding little, - and that little bringing almost nothing, and J convert the wide forest region about us into a source of great wealth. S. " Latest News from Saxta Fe.?Texas s Repudiated.?The St. Louis Republican . announces the arrival at that place of Mr. - F. X. Aubrey, from Santa Fe, having been but ten days on the route, bringing dates to 1 the 12lh of September. When it is recollected that 800 miles of this distance was performed on horseback or on foot, the perf formance seems most incredible. Mr. Au3 hrey made some portion of the trip between E Santa Fe and Independence at the rate of 190 miles to the 24 hours, lie had no one to accompany him. Mr. Aubrey reports as water bound, at Sand Creek, Major Reynolds' division of the Missouri volunteers; Major Walker's " battalion, and Lieut. Love, with a small , number of U. S. Dragoons. There were with this party Messrs. Finley, Allen, Carey, and M'Carty, traders. He passed Col. Ralls and a portion of the Missouri volunteers at the Battle Ground, 15 miles beyond the Arkansas. Col. Eaton's battalion, with the recruits * - ? ii _. n._. u arm mem. Alien, were ai roruwanu. Gen. Price and staff were water bound at the Pawnee Fork; also Major Donaldson's division of Illinois volunteers, and Lieut. Coolev. of Col Gdpin's command. At Cow Creek he passed Captain Cun; ningham and Bond's division of Illinois volunteers, water bound. He passed Col. Newby, Dr. Robison, and Lieut. Hamilton, at Willow Springs. He met Gov. Lane, en route for Oregon, at Council Grove. From an extra issued from the office of the Santa Fe Republican, and dated on the 12th test., we gather the following items of information:? Company II. First Dragoons, commanded bv Lieut Buford, from Fort Gibson, arrived , at Santa Fe on the 9th instant, all in good health. Bt. L eut. Col. Washington, appointed, it is said, civil and military Governor of New Mexico, was expected at Santa Fe by the 20th of this month. The Republican hopes that he may soon reach there, as it is impossible for 200 men to garrison and protect so extensive a territory Irmn the savages. Major Beall, United States Dragoons, was in cunmand of the military force in New Mexico. He had received petitions , from Taos, Pern'to, Albuquerque and other i r - - - : r I"'"""' "*tf *'?r irimps icj jrarnsrui mu irwn- | tiers, as the inTinbilanis were id constant danger from Ihe daily incursions of the Indians?who continued to murder them, and to drive off their stock. The small force left to garrison the country made it impossible f ?r Major Beall to comply with these requests. Lieu*. Love and escort, Mv. J. Findlcy, Mr. McCartv, and other gentlemen, left for tliCiStateson the 1st inst. The Republican, noticing the passage, by the Texas Legislature, of bills to establish the cunt v of Santa Fe?to arrange the mil. : itia of the county of Santa Fe?to establish the eleventh Judicial Circuit, to be formed of that county; and to allow the county one j representative in the House, says; i "We would now inform our Texan friends , that it is not necessary to send us a judge nor I a di>tr.ct attorney to settle our affairs, or put'things to rights,' for there is not a citi? zen, eitjier American or Mexican, that will . ever acknowledge themselves as citizens of . Texas, until it comes from higher authorities, i New Mexico does not belong, nor lias Texas > even a right to claiut her as a part of Texas. ' Texas shnu.d show some little genso and I drop this question, and not have it publicly , announced that Texas' smartest men were i tarred and feathered by attempting to fill the > office assigned thcin!" i Dcfim.no his Position.??"Get up?get . up!" said a watchman to a chap who had t fallen a grade below the door-slop sleepers, ; and who had taken a lodgement in lite gut. j ler, "You must not lie here." "Lie! you're i another!?you lie yourself !--N-n-not lie here! j I loll you wh-whaf,old fellow, that may do ) to tell in them slave States, but I'll let you j know," said the agrarian, sputtering out a ? mouthful of mud, "that t-th-lhis is/ree xoil'" ! THE GOLI) VVATCII. 1 I have now in mv hand a gold watch, 2 which combines embellishment and utility in happy proportions, ami is usually considi ered a very valuable appendage to the person of a gentleman. Its hands, face, chain I and case arc of chased and burnished gold, s Its gold seals sparkle with the ruby, the toi paz. the sapphire, the emerald. I open it. , and find that the works, without which J this elegant chased case would bo a mere t shell, those hands motionless, and those fini gers w ilhout meaning, arc made of brass. I I investigate farther, and ask, what is the i spring by which all those are put in motion, t made off I ain told it is made of steel. I I ask what is steel? The reply is that it is iron which lias undergone a certain process. - So then I find the main spring, without L' which the watch would be motionless, and s its hands, fingers and embellishments but e toys, is not of gold?that is not sufficiently good nor of brass, that would not do?but !. of iron. Iron is therefore the only prcciom it metal, and this watch is an apt emblem ol f society. Its hands and fingers, which tel d the hour, resemble the master spirits of the e age, to whose movements every eye is direct is ed. Its useless but sparkling seals, sapphires i* rubies, topaz, and embellishments, the aris y tocracy. Its works of brass, the middle class, by the increasiig intelligence aw i power by which the master spirits of the <IIU Iliuvcilj UIIU 119 lll'II Ilium opi o shut up in a box always at work, but nevci i, thought ofexcept when it is disordered, brok< or wants winding up. symbolically the laboring classess which like main spring, we wind up by the payment of wages; ind which classes are shut up in obscurity, and though constantly at work, and absolutely as necessary to the movement of society as ihe iron main spring is to the watch, are r.ev?r* thought of except when they require their wages, or are in some want or disorder of some kind or other.?Edward Everett. _____ ? 1 * They are Iwavs thought of just before an Election. From the work of Mr*. Ellet on the Women of the Revolution AN INCIDENT OF THE REVOLUTION. T? A r IT P T. f? A T.T1 W F T. T. Some lime in the fall of 1780 n stranger stopped at the house of Doctor Caldwell, faint and worn with fatigue, to ask supper I and lodging for the night, lie announced^ himself an express bearing despatches froin j Washington to Gen. Greene, then r.n the i Pedee river. lie had imagined that hi j would he free froin danger under the roof j of a minister of the gospel, but M?\s. CaM-! well soon undeceived him upon this poirt. j She alone, her husband was an object of p*. j culiar hatred to the lories, and she could | not tell the day nor hour when an attack ! might be expected. Should they chance to hear of the traveller, and learn that he had important papers, he would certainly he robbed before morning. She said he should j have something to eat directly but advised i him to seek some safer place of shelter f>r the night. This mielligenee so much alarmed the stranger that his agitation would not permit him to eat. But a short time had passed before voices were heard without, witli cries of "surround the house!'' and the dwelling was t presently assailed bv a body of Tories.? ; With admirable calmness Mrs. Caldwell j bade the stranger follow her. and led liim | out at the opposite door. A large locust! tree stood close by, and the night was so! dark that no object could be discovered amidst its clustering foliage. She baric him climb the tree, thorny as it was, and conceal himself until the men should be engaged in plundering the house. He coul ! then descend on I he oilier side and trust to flight for safety. The house was pillaged, as she had expected but the express made his escape, to remember with gratitude the woman whose prudence had saved him with the loss of her properly. ?One little |incident is characteristic. Among such articles as the housewife especially prizes, Mr?. Caldwi II had an elegant iable cloth which she valued as the gill of her mother. While the Tories on one occasion were in her house collecting puiuuci, <>iiv "i iiiciii uroKe mjjwi iiw.ciicm or drawer which contained it* and drew-out the table cloth. Mrs. Caldwell seized and held it last, determined not to give up Iter treasure. When s .e found that her rapacious encinv would soon succeed in wresting it from her unless she could make use of some other than muscular strength to prtvent him, she turned to the other men, of the party, whose attention had been attracted by the struggle, so that they had gathered around ! Iter. Still keeping her hold on the table cloth, she appealed to them with all a woman's eloquence, asking if some of them had not wives or daughsers for whose sake they would interfere and cause her to be treated with more civility. A small man, who stood at the distance of a few fed, presently stepped up, with tears in his eves, and said that he had a wife?a fine woman she was too; and that he would not allow ariv rudeness to | be practised towards Mrs. Caldwell. His inlerlertsiice compelled me ueprcu nor m restore the valued article. Persecution of tub Jews. -In the province of Alsace, the merciless perecution of this unhappy race continued unabated. The Alsacien of May 3d, says that no Jew dare show hiinselfiu the street. Many who had attempted to escape to a Swiss village in the neighborhood, had been waylaid, robbed, and cruel y ill-treated. One entire family was thrown overboard, and hundreds were murdered and their property pillaged. The mob was perfectly furious, and paid no at. tention to the police who were in attendance nominally to keep order?while houses were lorn down and whole families murdered without the slightest interference. Persons in disguise had been travelling through the villages inciting the people to a crusade against the Jews-ami the Mayors, though most certainly aware of the movement, had made no effort to check it. The Alsacien also gives rnanv particulars of the barbarous cruelty practised by the people in a mass against the miserable descendants ot /\nraliam. In .Switzerland, too, though they have refrained from open acts of violence, vet they have instituted a proceeding which will cause more suffering among them than any mere mob could do, viz: the deliberate banishment of every Jew from the cantons of the country -but one?that of Ncufehatel; which lias nobly stood its ground, and tipposed a decree so disgtaceful to the nation, vonslure. i It happened rather singularly, however, that soon afterward her mother arrived, in good health, in London, for the purpose of I visiting her, and was astonished to henr of her absence under such circumstances.? ' This led to inquiry, which resulted in the dis ; covery that the missing pair were together, i ntending to take flight t" America. Wal f ter, tlie husband, who was the work-house I school.master, had nojoppoitnnily of observing anv of these movements, being a prison er in the House of Correction for a misde, mcanor. While he was under examination - before the magistrate, he received an cxeolj lent character for general good conduct, I from the master of the work-house, Mr. Ba5 con. who thus during the husband's incarjer, ation, made off with his wife, r The latter, a genteel and remarkably gooc i looking woingn, took with her. her vounges < ? * child, leaving the rest to her husband or to the parish. The respective relatives^have ascertained beyond doubt that the fugitive pair, instead of proceeding to Devonshire, as they had pretended, embarked on board the Ocean Monarch, 'and with the woman's child, perished when that ship was destroyed by fire. Mr. Bacon is known to have had some previous knowledge of America. He was formerly a police officer, and a few years back was sent to America in pursuit of a vestry clerk who had absconded. Shocking Death?Wm. M. Evans, (brother to the editor of this paper) met his death on the 2d instant, in a most horrid manner. lie had taken passage at Montgomery, Alabama, on board the steamer Olive, Miller captain, andvvhen near King's Island, while promenading the second deck, in conversation with a gentleman, the boiler .burst, and the upper hurricane deck passed over the head of 4hs companion, and striking Mr. Evans, precipitated him in the midst of the red hot boilers, from which horrid situation blinded as he was hv smoke and steam, he succeeded in extricating himself by seizing with his hands the red hot iron bars and lifting himself out. His mangled body was immediately conveyed ashore, and the best medical aid was rendered him in vain, lie lingered in the most excruciating torment, for twenty-four hours and expired, C aptain Miller was also scalded and otherwise wounded? by the explosion, and now lies dangerously ill. It is thought the engineer, (who is represented to be a man of low character,) designed the explosion, as the captain had concluded to discharge him when tliey reached Mobile, and he had a hint of it. Be this as it may, the engineer is now in jail, and will, we learn, be tried for his life.?Milton [AT. C.] Chronicle, 27th nit.. THE COLD-EARTH CURE. There is no soil in which quackery flourishes so well, and hears such good fruit, as in England, From cow cabbages to Life Pills-from homoeopathy to brandy-aed-salt; from nonsense to downright stupidity; it does not matter wh t it is, they all take root, and the weaker the plant, generally the further it shoots, and the larger the produce gathered from it. Y'-u have only to cultivate it well with advertisements, and the crop cannot fail to he a liberal one. The last specimen of greenness in this particular branch, has been the Cold-Earth Cure. It seems that a man's disease, like his faults, are completely buried when once he is put under the earth. You are imbedded lor so many hours, up to your chin, and you come out quiie new c.lav. We have heard of an hospital where the patients were arranged in so many beds, with ttivti | ?'? ? ? /i.i-i . r I?ge8. .TJhc doctor is the gardener, and he digs you up when you are well, and carries you home in wheelbarrow. This system of horticultural medicine, we are told, is spreading everywhere in the North. It must be only another offshoot of the Vegetable Pills. Man can bear a great deal; but we must say we should not like being cut and trimmed like a tree, or watered like a flower bed, or turned over and harrowed like a plough-field just to get rid ol the rheumatism. Who knows but wc might rise with our carsjfull of corn, our head replete with green stuff", our eyes expanding into enormous goose berries, whilst our hands were covered with big foxI gloves, and our coat showed nothing but a I ma?s of tares! Wc Invc had this new system explained to us! First of all, you are put into a bed of virgin soil up to your waist; your arms are at l.hcrty, so that you can read the paper, or drive away any sparrow that perches on your nose. At twelve o'clock, one of the medical garj lienors arrives and administers to you a ! douche.bath of the finest giavel. This it i repeated every hour till you experience the j most delicious shooting pains all over, when : a refreshing shower from a water pot i.? sprinkled over your head. This lias the desired effect, and your rheumatism, or your toothache, or your corn, is considerably relieved, and yotl feci "as fresh as a daisy.' This is repeated till nightfall, when you arc carried between pieces of turf into tfie conservatory. whore you arc locked up till the morning; or else you arts provided with j comfortable cucumber frame to protect vot: from the dews of night, and the r.octurna invasion of the cats; This system is perse vered in till you acquire quite a new trunk when you are transplanted to the hot house and fed on the most nourishing herbs, anr U'tappcd up in the d iintic.tl leaves. B\ i these means you are restored to the flowei ; of your youth, and live to green old age. Now this course of medicine may be ven j deep and clever to those who wish logo be ; low the surface of things; but for ourselves we prefer standing upon the old order o thinirs. Flesh mac be urass. hut still wt o " " ?? rannoi imagine that a kitchen-garden wai over intended as the hospital to cure nil tin ills that flesh is heir to.? Western Conti not'. A n Incident of the Loss of the Ocea: Monarch -Fatal Termination of an Elopt ent ?The London Morning Chronicle liar rates the following incident; An excitement of a very extraordinary and painful nature has been occasioned ii the palish of St. Luke's Old street, by th elopement of Mr. Bacon, the master of th work house and Mrs. Walter, the work-hous school-inistress, both married persons will r ? r..?.? Imom t#\ Kav I ?11II11 lus ill viiuiiu 1:11111111:11, hiiu niiim i" been among the passengers on board the ill fated emigrant ship Ocean Monarch.Bacon had obtained leave of absence for 1 fortnight, upon a plea of urgent private bus ncss to settle in the country; and a few day , after his departure Mrs. VValtcr, the sclnx: mistress, also obtained leave for a short al sence, alleging that she had been sent for b her mother who was dangerously ill in I.)i I There at least, this persecuted race can et l joy the protection they so much need. Vi | cannot but hope that the government, before it be too late, will repent, and endeavoi to retrieve their reputation for liberty, justice, and toleration, so forfeited by the act. The whole accounts from both counties, show the prospects of the Jew to be most discouraging. New and True.?A very modest old maid visiting a new married friend recently, saw one of her husband's shirts lying on the bed and exclaimed: "Oh, mercy, a man's shirt on your bed! Such a thing on my bed would crivfi mR thf! nirrht-mare!" "Verv like " "* *"" d' ' * d " ly, responded the wife, 'unless the man was inside of it." France and the Slave Trade.?The French fleet has been withdrawn from the coast of Africa, with orders not to rfleddlc any more with lite slave question. Economy is an excellent thing, and should be practised by all, but a wise man will never retrench his expenses by stopping his newspaper. None but a fool will regard the seed the farmer sows as wasted. One of the Palmettos gone.?We are informed that Mr. Rutus Vaughan, one of our brave volunteers of the Sumter Company, died on Saturday, the 21st ult. After enduring the fatigues, and escaping the dangers, of the Mexican campaign, he has returned home to die atnong his kindred. Honor to his memory for the brave deeds, which, he, with his fellow-soldiers, has performed for the honor and glory of our District and State! His kindred will speak of him as one of the Army of Mexico. Sumter Banner. The following exquisite and passionate verses wero addressed by the Rev. John Moultrie, to the lady of his love. He subsequently married the lady to whom this song was addressed: CAN LOVE FORGET? Forget thee! If to dream by night. And muse on the all day? If all the worship, deep and wild, A poet's heart can pay? If prayers in absence, breathed for thco, Tn tta n'n nrntont inns nnttJOf M u iieaf ?il a |#?vhvv?ii>g J****" If winged tnoughls tiiut fit to thee A thousand in an iiour? , Jf busy fancy blending thee With all iny futuro lot? If thou call'al thoso ''forgetting," thou Indeed shall be forgot. Forget thee! Bid the forest birds Forget their sweetest tune; Foigetthec! Bid the forest birds To swell beneath the moon, Bid the fuint evening flower forget To drink refreshing dew.* Thyself forget thine ?J??r own land? * mnunt " ' ' "" ' * Forget each old and familiar face, Kach long remembered spotWhen these things are forgot by thee Then shiilt thou be forgot. Keep, if thou wilt, thy maiden peace Still calm and fancy free? For God foibid thy gladsome heart Should grow less glad for me: Yet while that heart is still uuwon, Oh! bid not mine to roveBut let it nurse its humble faith, And uncomplaining love. If these, preserved patient years, At last avail me not? Forget me thou! but ne'er believe 'I'linf ihon ean'sl ha forirot. The Ciioleha.?It is contended in England that the cholera does not attack persons who live near breweries or mineral Sffimgs, in consequence of the counter influence of r&rbonic acid gas evolved there. All the watering plawith springs that emit this gas escaped the pestilence in Germany, Spain and England. Bab 8ton and Saratogd, it is said, also escaped. > Happinets ?The Boston Post gives ihe following definition of the word happiness: "A ' sof: couch by a fire, a new novel, a pretty wifef a dozen cigars, a loose gown, easy slippers, and a good conscience." , "Why, Bridget, you have baked this bread to a crisp." 'An' sure, my lady, 1 only baked it three hours according to the resnite. : "Three hours? VVhy the recipe said but one 1 "Yes, mam! one hour for a large loaf, and I 1 had thrco small ones, and so 1 baked um three I hoursjist." t The CouxTRt at Present.?Througiroin : the length and breadth ofthe land, every spo. I cieft of fruit, grain, and vegetable, promises r ,* rich harvest to the agriculturist, and gnlder i* store to tlio merchants. The necessaries o life are scattered with a bountiful hand ovei . our glorious country, and while the Old Work trembles in the dread of famine, we revel ir the anticipation of a surperabundaiice. It i: p sai l that our teeming rallies will this year pro % duce sufficient to feed Europe, after supplying ' ull ourselves require, and while peace stnilei upon us at home and abroad, the nations of thi ? earth acknowlcdgo our power and feel thei dependence. What proud memoirs arc associa ted with tlie past and what glorious hopes illumi nate the future, since lirsl the free spirit of A V merica cast ol the power of oppression, whic! !. like a nightmare, not only, chains the limbs >. i but weghs upon the soul the land has been grow ing prosperous and its inhabitants happy?s y> blessing appears to follow evety movement o f) the people, and glory crowns our arms in war , as wealth and plenty rewards our industry ii e pence. Never before have the American pen e pie been so powerful, so much respected, art ? " 1. ?/lm!rud 01 nmir it nil flirl a nation eve '' have such a good cause lo he thankful? ? X, Q. Mercury, Tint South Carolina Collroe.?Th " South Carolina says:?"The students have ft a week past been dropping in, and in a few d?) f the classes will ho full. The prospect (or " largo entering class is flattering. All the Pr< ' (essers are present, with the exception of Pro y Leiher, who is on his way from Europe, prohr 2* l?ly detained at sen. Col. Gladden entered n i his duties as Proctor the latter part of the pit o week; t rim the Cbarteetaa moaner. The followingfeller was received some weekf ago by a gentleman in this city, who had Written to the highly respected and venerable author/ asking his views inspecting the approaching Presidential election, and if consistent thete* with to permit his name to appear among the" Vice Presidents of the Democratic meeting of August last. It needless to remark, that the views therein expressed proceed-from one iafca* ble of unworthy bias, 'tear of affection" in those days of his life when the objects of interest and ambition most try the jodgment and tomnt the integrity of the statesman. Apart, therefore, from the commanding tone of reason and sound sense that characterize* every part of the letter, its contents will he read with profound attention, as expressing the sentiments o( one, who, in the graceful-act of laying aside the Senatorial robes for tfftf shades of private life more grateful to his years, never intended in signify that the frost of age had descended lower than tfie head, and that the heart was not still alive tr the hanor and welfare of bis country: "Salt Sulpher S farces, Aug. 12,1848; "My Dear Sir:?I cannot understandhbw' the Democratic party in Charleston can endorse tbet nomination of ffi'e Whig Conrventfm* in Philadelphia. Although dissatisfied with the nomination of the Demccratic Convention in Baltimore, I cannot conscientiously?I repeat conscientiously, go over to the Whigs as a pdrty, because they have nominated a better many than General Cass. "No one will admit for a moment, that briir of this or that on account of (he higher qualities of its chief. If so, who wonld hate been' a Democrat at the last election of*- President f Was not Mr. Clay admitted by every body fey superior to Mr. Polk? The Den*fcratH?'pM*iy' of South Carolina, however, voted for Mr; Polk ?and for this plain reasou?it was more probable that a democratic administration, though headed by Mr. Polk, would adopt such menatffes as South Carolina would approve, than atjr Whig administration, although beaded by Mr. Clay. . ' " * " If a King with absolute was to be elected1,I would take Clay in preference to Polk^or Taylor in preference to Cass; bat if the people are to govern themselves, the qualifications of the President are not half so important'a* those of the party with which he acts. The real question then is, which of the parties with their respective chiefs, will do best in tbh estr* mation of the people of South Carolina?' "The Presidenr, whoever he may be, will go' it/lit. Lto nnriv Wochinirtnn. Jefferson and r',v* p j Jackson influenced their parties; but aft other Presidents have been directed by their parties. I do mean to derogate from the chartCleri'bf either of the candidates, when I say that nefttfer of them possess the qualities necessary to '(Im' influence of a party. General Taylor, it efefeted, will be surrounded by Wbljf eounsdlMr# and directed by the Whig party. General Cass, if elected, will be surrounded by Democratic AAiKuyillAY jaaa 41 Now I hare long since been satisfied that the Democratic party are moreattachedtoShtef Rights?will go farther in preserving the reinainingsovereignty of the States?leaving to each the management of her domestic concerts, than the Whig party has ever been, or^ I believe, can be. " ' . 44 The leaders of the Whigs f have held ?it high estimation as gentlemen.. But they arti all ol them, in feeling and principle, majority men. They see no immorality in trampling tfcd Constitution under the feet of a majority of Congress. They do not feel or see the evils MMilgamatiorf. They regard State boundaries iti the remains of provincialism, and the distinctions of races as antiquated prejudices. 44 Look at the vote on the Compromise hillall of the Northern Whigs in the tfotfse of Representatives voted against it?3 5ths of ihd Northern Democrats voted for it* This tSaS the* effect of sympathy. The Northern Whigs haivP no sympathy for us. The Northern Detnocrtifrf have. And what was the amount of this Compromise hill? The Southern people thought they had a common share in the Terriiof-fes won by our common efforts or purchased by ollr common funds. The Whigs Contended that we Knnthem m>nnlo hnd no rinht to share id the I r- # r . common acquisition. We thought it injustice and by (he Constitution wo were entitled to a share. They thought not. We then proposed to leave it to the Courts of Justice and the Coti* stitution* They refused and determined ami insisted that it should ho left to a majority tff Congress?that is to themselves. I rirrt tlrtfd 1 of this everlasting wrangling about fights I lore the Union, but the Union I love is that ?f ' our fathers. One which all the States, as thef were, are constitutionally declared to be equal, and evpry citizen (as described in the Consfitu. lion) entitled to equal rights and equal privile* ! ges. If tlio Union can only be preserved by acknowledging South Carolina inferior toother States, and hei citizens not entitled to the same 1 privileges with the citizens of Northern States, " then I would prefer death, civil, political and in1 dividual, rather than such degradation* 1 " I know that a portion of the Northern Def mecrats have gone astray; hut let it be rerolr lected they no longer art with the Democratic ' party of the Union. The cdhdidhfe of the But* 1 timore Convention is not their candidate?they ? have one of their own ? Mr. Van Bnrcftt who is avowedly more opposed to Southern right* t tu? vi- fn, nnd who is for that very reason s sustained by the 'Free Soil' party fts they call 3 theselves. jf'. r e r " I cannot consent to t,ct with rf'party, who arc pledged to each other, to refine to Southern * men the privilege of having their claim' inves* * tigated, even in rt. Court of Justice, 1 44 I cannot consent to act with a party who think it is right to tax Southern men for the be * nefit of Northern manufacturer*. * "I cannot consent to adt with a party who I prefer a consolidated Democracy to a conftde* rated Republic, and do violenoe to the law* of II nature by forcing the African to an equality * with the Anglo-Saxon, " " 1 cannot sonsent to act with a party who r would rather have exposed our own brothers in Texas, to the tyranry of and oppression of the dastardly Mexicans, than encounter the risks of a war with Mexico, e ''I cannot consent to act with a party who >r have endeavored to obscure the glory of the rs country to effect a party triumph, and would a hard Withheld supplies from our nnuieq |n an > enemy's country to force an ingWhtus retreat, f* which our enemy desired but conld not aocom* i- ?t;.u n ? But is there a single measure which tba st Whig party have ever originated which coi?ld% hv possibility, prove wtisfa^torv ?o the peopla <}?