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: . . . f '"' ' " THE SURPLUS REVENUE. . w .Apprebensions-seem to be entertained that?ihere v< will be a largo surplus revenue from customs, and P . ^ that forming,twi>^fbre, a portion of the. disposable S means, of the banks, with which it will "remain-oh h ,l at inn .and lead to Tit deposft, it ^vlll afain ?XC-HL" . " an iniktion.Qfp^Mjs.-' The circumstances are not * parallel to those that led in 1856 to this result, it fi is not alone the*a^a3ance an(Wov interest of-money e that stimulates sff&ulatioiu- There fhust be other * concurring causes.. *The actual or expected diSfici. ,p r,.v .ency .of one or mo,re of.thc grt at staples of commerce t ; J or the opening oftnpw'cfcannols of trade may,, with i ."r.Jthp facility of obtaining money, produce speculation .1 . ? to a certain.extent, but oth'e'r.fUvoring circumstances i must exist, to-eicji to it in it's utmost universality and -J Totons^v^r mfrbi<rconditibh of-The^public mind, t enrfrfon I if* r* ? ... - ^ ^ .;. wealth by stort methods^-a sp&fejp.ofmoral.conta. i gio'nspreading downwards frortiihoso who"; by their position and experience are presumed best to undcrstiand the causes'and consequences of changes in ">* . the Mercantile .world?these are-the pre-disposipg ~ causes to tW general excitement",which terminates in'the-ialse elevation -of prices and a commercial "cuUapse. Such is not the.existing itate of the^, public mind, nor is there any probability of its occurrence in the face of tiro le'ssdns so recently given by ! wide sproad pecuniary disasters.' A' speculation ??<?u orises?i?stDcksfromihe. plethora of ro?ney, but . tb? New York Stock Eschaoge, . ... 4t; i^ Jimttejc^. if it does not'soon ?j>ure,.wilh the f??* '. - . coil ih lbeir prices. The late-speculation in. cotton* b? \he lar^u^le funjis; oflne New Yaw uahKs, but therO being no answer\ ' ing rcotnipe'rci^sfmpalbj in the public mind, It was , ,r limited Ha its t&gc- of mischief. .Latcj crtrehts in V . England c^Sn(inWthis .yievv. 'fhe' opening of the phlna ami totfJrteRsiyrijof the India trade, with th# - presence ami Opminaml of large maaafes of dormant ' - capital," ftHnis^^reciseiy tha^ coj^drrence of cau.. see which-^u^*heeled'to Vpeci^ioh, "if the, con-' <Utkm oXthfr public r??d in tfat ?oodtyy.. hadj * V. guc^AS to Uavegjro^ucfS a general comrn ere rale*.. . : *itenU*U Bufii the recent experience in TSoghihd ' ofthe raischiefslfep?culal]on has not leifto such se ... TrnT ftyr tvsea^pmpanied out^econinry referseg;' /; miisl rational-' r lV conclude that?' WiUT not tftore quh^Ijr fcrge* thg?a^s.^piarf^4?- P^ot. 'lFront "<3fe -Chitijeslon. C*Ulier<' P'HESHj^N1*IAL ELECTORS. . fi V .might con. / stjtutiqSliy appwg|? Eloctcfrs, ?n4 ^hjww&aW shewn th?t there. B.ao 1'ftgai or constitutional objec. tion to UH&povter''^pjns jpxcfcii^.'Jjp. t!>e_ jpedjjle tbern^elve^'tlle que^vfis harrowed down to. one ol , A . mere expediency, ,^'if we -caf Succeed in proving [<&%;>' , that the.p.eopIe ougfa&to Qiercjswit,. the. argument 0 * will be at an tmclV jtu.bodr will -deny that in an .election, for'Frc&fdpal, the sdirbojign voigo. bFthc jjeopie of the State ought t'o clocide. the vote'of the .. ^Stkte, and that tbia voice Avoult} really be expressed* 1 ifall thequalified vbtias in'the^^expniKsedtheir, ppioiqwiat the .baflouliOi:. , This wbql'd be a faJi* r expression, end it wouWJjp the dutybf Ihe minority, to submirto it.. But rf: by aapfflrte^of electio n the voice *jftho majority is stifled, tha^riintmitjr^^ ' 4 f-. tVesitlenlial daattn. MtC# ?>^ ' * some otf.wjJstt ngnia in um.locai icgi^uon^oi me, . J State. Sn tbo scarce.of taxation, yet this.rJgh^jf-ap." , pointing Presidential Enters Is ff0t.puo.ef them. - ' / lltavc alre^vsbewu tikt ;aVa geijer^Vuk/thei , Woice ?? the jpihority 1 cap/dectder {h'e'Hjhpjce of the " 'Sta^Tar President-, &nd|?will noty pr^ejhto'jTrove. * > uaeqaaHy ihis*pUwer is .p'asse&ed .by. dif- , S ferofit.portthe State.?always 'begging .tpy 1 :?Mers to beV^in mind'ibat'dup. inequality ,fs not ' foui^ed*on"the.Constito|ian of.^c State, or on the *, V.^WprpptwCV^ is coinmfjritj. .calied-r-ajid that , . .therefore they've,under ftqi^??Iigation<to put up \vitb? ^ it"longer tbanihfey can help Ctbemielv'esj, Even this ' \vlll t&ko time. For fhorc is no injustice sejgaring ] j "' .4"\tHaf itTs!.iro? liatte'en by-soma,"and ifSfe:Compromise . ^yerfr mooted to'-morrow for the .time, there would \ . be able "ah(t ingenious nrenoppos&l tt) it, and ptterly , '-(^Sfaf*to tjic argument that Pendloton Vvas'justly "enti- j tied t? mdtc politica! pqwer-in the^tpt? than St.- , 'Thomas'Parish! If the worthy" Etetricts and Par. iahes arc entitled to any power under the CJonsfitu- t V?'v r* lion^ Aspect tl^ir lawful J claims, bat.we prot est^agajnst a J robbery .under .the' "\ amse^ofa'riffhU . I*ptHhiMntakc.the sb^rc.w4jrcBbe- '1 - tharrr*as part ^>?t hp' people ?-hut f '-womore.--Xe't. u? seoJi'ow milch they'*lrave:f taken- t . ' -Intbc Pre?ifj^tial.cilecti6n.Char?eslton^I)i8tnct, with r -. a popalatiotf of-19,970, he? OTvotes, and Pendleton,/ r ivjth a population o/24,330, haa'8 votes: that is la \ $ay, a froeniftji living in Charleston has uooro power t in electing IjP-residnpt than Sallying- In Pendleton. c /Beaafoit District, with a. population of54.05, Jias 10 a - *<rtea, and ijtendjefcn. has/8 votes,, so that a freeman \ . Ijvmg iii Bdnufort baa more influence in- this electieethaa dliviogin;5!eiulleton. SparJanVji'gjb,wiilr'ji ;^opt^ at has jX v o t - s., ah e ^ v J times the ?P?rt?oiijirgtr., .fi ' */ > ii* jt*1 .tt1/! aj? v-t '.iita i * . 'l . torn, wife ?^popB?ni)n-tQi J.*, *.??j pas mo taniei U m*!/makes ?ne *0 TlicMaAtfajan kbuur equal tA two/rooi York; but if j, |QBkeompare a Yorkrnan with- one from C'olieton; ' \oUAvrBfit)d tftM in.aPresidential.ejection,it.takes " >J Yorkers to'oiatcha wo?le'Collpfpnifln^/orColIetoij. a .. District, witfeapopulation of SS-lo^iias'a vojt.-s, wjifilr jj York l^iaort^S-vvtes. svilb more than lwic&tfie In-' ' v habitant**.Barnwell-, .papulation .yf .10$$8't \ j has 5 Totes,' l?y whfoba-fcecrtrin diving in Beaifort li hasfuur tima#marc influence jrt cleitlnff a frcstfefci a than odOlhing in Barnwell, although, in electing tj m%pxh?fti for.Congress, a Beaufort rrptn is of no 0 ffWiOerAmount thaa a Barnwell one." Tfi0 same ill ?iitn<r i/j!rptc Jilirrf 1.1 f!nllCtn!l. whpno nnii mi*. L.. * |? ? ? ? tiun. nup ui * no in?r'u power [i:v electing Mr.. Illicit, than hia g( iieigW>or m Barinvt'11,' but- when th?y come to c: the Presidential elertlon, a%C<)lletoii man is about Ja equal ed three from Baruwe.ll. In fact, lirijjff .in Barnwell is almost^ Was living tjj.twe oufiand. . cr fsh Districts of York 'and .jyaneastof. *. . These arfc the remits Qbt^neif by a* caparison .aV . i)f soTeral Districts in the Siafe, but if \ye oomjmre an some of tho-Pari.slurs Willi tlhe inner Districts, th,> '$< ' rout rest wj|J be more strrlcing. St.'Jaraes^ Santpe, mi -.vUfc'tSB wh'te Inhabitants: jins two votes,. aji.J Pen- ca * 'ttetofrhai ei;:ht. votes, bo that a frceinnn of this wt Parish, ha* more than twenty-one times the influence ev iij-olectuigAVrcsiHent than one living ty Pendleton. a I tft. 'ITwiUiw has^T white inhabitants and two votes*',- pci > . *. .: . - v * - ' "L ' JiB* "*4 v "* - f . > "** : mm as . hile Spartanburgfa. bas?W,847 inhabitants and six C )tes, so that a freeman ofthis'Parish in .voting for thai rosidetrt, ig more Uian equal to ^freettarpliving in pi a partanburgh; Christ Church Parish has.. 880 iil* jup abitants anch two votes, while Edgefield has 15,000 the ihabita'irts'and seven rotesi so that one freeman Crc ,Tho liyes in Christ Churchjs onljFequal to aboutthe eemen living in Edgefield^hen they go into an.jfor President. . JHH HI That such great differences in;Jh5 distribution c? __ tolitical power should exist in H\b,local legislatron of . | is iiei^ps be State is not. cuniymiwu zy? ight that those sections df country which pay the Tiost taxes-should have , the greatest Influence. At ? ill events, it is held under tho Cditstitutioifj and so let it stand. They whojiave it, pay for itV But Jet 1 this influence be confiift'eaUo its Icgithn&o bounds. While we respect'the lcg&'right* of Christ Chbrch, and acquiesce in its dispnoportirfdate power in mak* irtg a Chief Magistrate for the State, we protest a-ljJ gainst the exercise of.^e'^fee bowdir'-ia makirfg a.. Chief Magistrate for the UmpnV< >A DEMOCRAT, V - -1 ?. THE COTTON CROP. . It is evident, from aU* rtfai^hccounts we jaceive, that id some pftrta of Couieiana the cotton crop must faUniaterially shprt.on account of the destructio^by -s the caterpillar. _ In the Alexandria Republican, of 1, ,l Ka fiUiowinar:? | ^ the a?n ua., 1 i had set to work Wbow. and wo notice the result as We have P llj(H' _naVc' ?? usual! " | i ji r? Ofj n (jwM>Waaajt?<S-bf livery lg&fattfl bud? lea v. ' ingMtie stalks perfectly bare; On the plantation tbai%ere overflowed there-will be ho cotton made besides what is.noWcpen. On most of tbe-otber i places the crop will fall short oftbat of last year. - The New Orleans Bulletin .d? 4th inst.' says':? "We arc' informed from Red River that , the destruction committed by the" caterpillar fs beyond all example. The young boils-are all eaten off, and the fields ' which were rephmtefl in- consequence of the over- 1 flow in the early part of the" season, and in which, \ of course, the cotton-islatdrthan elsewhere, areal, raOst totally destroyed. This'is the case, we are told, throughout tho parishes of Nafchitoches, Rapides and Voyelles.' bv tHe -parishes' of St. Martin, also, it tho same pest is re^rted-'r'? * . , ./? The. Cotton Cropirr-Duringja trip of the,last three ^ wecks through the Fcliciaims, rn Jthis State, and- the " counties df Wijkui^ir attd "Adajnsj Mississippi, w'e '! ;iouod thoicfap, prciripibly most; promising, qfre ; 1 were informed, looking badly from the lojig cootija- ' j tied.' and fce vero rains?i.eh 'causing -the drop, or . :t shedding of the fortre, arid sprouting of the Xveeid, .? fnuft materially lessen, as it h^s 4jlreajdy giiatlyra-;, ? juredthe cropin ttev-vidnifu'S;^ referred'to.^ The, \ worm; yve ure^intlirtjied, is very; destructive in Avpy- t edW.fciid Rapides.-?[Oojicordid Intelligeneer>' fj ' :-Cat^yiilars.?These destructivejhsect^at length ^ made the i r appeafinpe lifi^our neighborhood and are v committing dreadful tavagas up8n the'cottoii fields. Onth^hplandsthie crops aft more \fdvance(fr than " the alluvhil lands, and the [injury by "the Worm will \ consequently hot be^so great as on;, the latter,' 0n ft which the'efyp is later and jnero tedder. JVocannot make any accurate estimate of the damage, bfit^' j suppose itwilIjiot fall shcirt of one third.- Theorise- T' quence of tbd almost annual appearance of^heee nr scourges, many of ourcotJon planters are; making. ]?] arrangements to change their cOti<mgiris into su c] , 0Ug '|a" ' &" ?? IWWflpPnWnnnK me cane ripens earlier in our 01 tude, than &riber South, ovviog to the cool winds which prevailid ja the early part o? October, which, (j{ io not effect the-plant Bo much in a more ' Southern" latitude; We^hare also if more sandy soil. than in tHe low lands of the Tecbe, which causes 'ali'piants to roatore earlier_than.iusoils.sVHh a less quantity , of sand. Woultbittiot be wellfbr all our planters :o plant at least.a part of thefr crops in cane! \ ' [#. O.BuHetm,Aihinst ; ft Of the prospectiu Mirtiadppi the Southern .-Agri- ch :ulturist makes the following statement,' founded on. ar he personal observation oftpe editor: 0 "The cottoh picking commenced .generally from 8? Ihrtje to four weeks earlier than usual. On lhe7lh if August, a hand in Warran picked 300 lbs of seed U) :ottoi>; . So general and so well has the, cotton op- tat jned, that'wo presume eyorj' planter - can show an wj lmonntof cotton now gathered which was. never equalled in previous years, iveri at a fortnight later: ac than the present daie. 'ff then, the cotton trickine ?f season vverp. to continue this 'year to. as late a date, an is it unusually does,.wo might took for an extra or- . lirfary largo crbp. The ."truth is, hgwoter, that . japses ore ppw at work which wilt shorten the sea- , son materially?at least in most'.oCtbose neighbor- let ioods where we hare beep*. Inhere have been aft- g? ,Ore. droughts which has caused the cotton to open ^ oo fast. Many/fields that"we -have seen were open- ' ti a fortnight ago 'from the ground to.the top, of tha talk?much of it has stop|fcd growing, showing, no : tec ndre Moonis?^and not 'a little is dying-;?Tnfhe bo leighborhood of JQ|avid Gibson, jr. Esq. .10 Wajfren,' vhere \\re stayed on.the night or the 19th of August, here had been no rain to fey the dust since the 29th ' . fMarch. " Stjcb a drought?lasting nearly 5 months, cn md for aught we. know, still continuing there, must pry materially affect'the yield-o'f the year. * ;' "This drought we found to > rery general jo Tatted, except'in. the. Warrcnton neighborhood^; \ vhere *^e y^fiort" ^ isfitftgsot' V.iclf$y<^. we saw-much coiton which Ph '/ouId"-afford jjitt'a^^r co\'Qr for rabbits. . On.t_Bp p0l ur 'feet/insured it commonly grows cai Thb M??ioh 5tb says?' Siftcc opVlast wg^^^tjbTication., thc> weather .has '.. wirrrd i?i mubK. m|^jjy]>e?hut the season is so Dc ir ^d^ftgfl.LaftdJdMy&fait^e -alrcad v dbiie by the p0 i^.||#^-<[>rcad "nnd pormjneiH, j lit J he. hiA u'f-'jiG* ftUt -Would do bpt ^ u.v-K. titecompany 5>i'<tgen- ^0 eroari -whft frfy!,oyer a 'very consld- pap $>!e |in 11 ' ^V wB|i|l'l ' 11 1 1 ' I portfyjs ann finr 9tatea^dtfl^MBiure3 us that. in the counties '(jlltvrkevM'jjitoeHilK^Ballas,'Lowndes, Mont- paP >gncry,Aut;iUga,.&^4irc willMio an average' o[> orat'least-one j^plt'33 than'the product .of The Coffa Cropjjgfaerpiliari <SfC.?Our corn cent op has.-been mmsajjfcy good this season. Our aT ( anteys Itaff abfiftS^^ipplies fojt consumption . nl:sale. The cottq^rop promised well, until thiy "j ipoanmces pf the ctMSaj pillar, the first ofthelmoothi .' >ven^f plfiPters in hju-. Vfrinjty, havi; been very men lch'injured, tKbloimn.have jlius lar pdrtiallyhs- tuotl ppd? and if they.defeyibeir ravages two or three jeks longer, their intSfr-will be trifling. At all we are irtforrrajfoat the cjotlon crop will ho i hird rnoro than hftjKfo?hut at the. present low f "0L ccS; our jtfaatcrs wdSpmuch rather djublo it. [ liinai * .BBS , /. r'-T'.d )ura1Jvicea Another Sections -are'''IMS better n vce can ^a^'w Elori^i.. In Alabama*JVltesjssip.nd IkiuisianW'pe'ciierpiIIar has done niifeh'i#'.. % and added'taAe. imraenso -jAss, "by flood* 8ft ^wesfefti river* w? tnfly safely caiadate4l>at ip will be^aboreoed fron?^ thrfie to fouf bVndrba - ^ Attn# $ iwrasm JJIJI JUK, If1?/1S44. . DEI^ckwc mmWATIONS, -MOB PRESIDENT. '. - ' ' ^' jj ) :jW'S K. POLlt, iO/.'Penncstee. . , 4 -?CB PRESIDENT 'V?t, GEJGE M. DALLAS, . . *f Pennsylvania. . ?? . Return Days. For Sumter frict?Saturday, the 23th inst. 'ForKerehav iatrict?Satdrday 5th bf October. 05"We arefjucsted to give notice that on andiftc'r Tuesday f firat.djiy of Octobe 15 the PostofficSl jvillbe opci^djcordingtopublnbed arrangement t^ekjpk^if'h-Clqge at 1, ;F. M., be opened. ; at 2-and close unset. - . Ohtb&SaTb, it will- be opened from fl to 10 A. M. jdndTjt 2" to. 3, P. M. . ? ffihuiu ttill during t^je winter, two Northern wails made i (iily^-one' at 0 P. M, via Gheraw, and the other ill-A. JH. via Cbariestoifc :L*. The Sumte id Siafeburg mails will also be closed at 0.P. M Iry .Sunday and Wednesday, from the 1st of. Oct r, totbe 1st of-April, 1845. (?r We hia but recently.'returned from a btMzness tour of foi r five weeks, .and have not yet been able to get fai into-the traces. 'Our readers will therefore-excu Mir scanty editoriai?. . ubtic cotton mart. - * , The project*establishing a Public. Mast for the sale of fcotton,Is been given bp by'our cotton buyJrifof severacasons, the most prominent of which, the'wontk^suitable commodious lot,LJbr (be | MV>nmm>vfat?K?tl>A collori- and bpinir Un&ble'to ^wyMMIH/UUIIU^UVUV ?- ? - . | >rocur4 fhii, 1 iW^red;lliat the plan .wouldnot be ^accepUtBle, orionvcnicnt to their Country friends Ls.(he!mode hlwtoin use. This is their sole- fea^. ?n for Aban'dojig that which, they at first imagined ^>uld be aWi of "greatr?v?yeruehce.to their customers.-. We Jre heard ofmsinuatfons being^ot irth thai. it a, combination -on the part of the ottob'topnjhAstQ. boy cotton lower,4 than- theyave hithcrto/j>ut &is calumny lipon our oldest and ipst respectdjle.merchants, is unworthy of noticet V^e 3an t wit^oi hesitation, .- assure our country iendsy tfiat'the; proposition was only- thought-of tor leic convenienoa, and we know that they' ar&ah itdyjtoo well attainted with the integrity of our lerchanfrr,*to,'beli eVj^thhtJthey wjjrfMfor-a moment Kn,to the talo j>f toy slander*? or detiyperof tbeir laracter. / ' dtw markeifWthe sale oftbeir produce, in Cam-' % thatrin luybtber inlandtown in the State! Camden FcmiUe Academy. .From an advertisement in*this day's paper, it will i seen.that.tfcis institution wilibe re-opened'on the fib lnsfiife' 'Ia fkmtA tvVin nm oo/imq\v\ioA. trStK ..... I ? jr. M?V UV\JUU Mi V" U < I1U VIJV :hod,.U if ujyetessary for. us to speak of the high' lUractor which It has^.sustained for many years, I nongst us. Tha (evidences of its . utility, - and iU parior ac3vantag< ij nre seen.all around us. To ose who armies! ous of giving, their daughters a" orough female e( ication, we can'j?y without hesU lion, .that noSemnary .in the State can'surpass it* bethor as regards he competence and ability of its compiisbcd-princ Mil:and helf assistants, the health ils locatiopi or i esecflFanfagesto be derived from i nte rcourse with good society. ( noterfetu. " The Charleston j pcrs caution the public against uikerfetTrBWijoi jul bij4.s iacirculation, of .the ; ink of the Sta\e, t u figure 1- at Uie head of the bill, itig extracted by jomc chemical jn-ocess and that of. substituted. fT/e counterfeit caneftsily bedetecl by it close u^iiciion'on tBb tyol'd DbUari'in the dyoftbe bfll, t ^letter s; which Is."added, being :ber clumsfly < ecuted with the pen. . . At a meeting <fia portion of iho $itizens of Clardon, on the '7m inst. Co). Joiin H.'Rauin, was animously pomiated as a candidate for.the. State. nate^^-J^-3 _. ' 'j*r Potatoes. We were, pressed a week or. two ago, by Mr. omas P. BoweM 'oftbis District',, with a couple of tatoes, which- Urre dug on *^ho 27th Hit., as a clmdn of his cm and weighed 7 -3-4 lbs. Who rtieat hiiq!v I . / . TjUe J[twYork Weekly News. " | Wd"have reccivi i.th'e first number of this new j moc'ratic paper, ipnducted by the editor,ot the 1 mocratrc Review J. -L. O. Sullivan Esq. It ' flarge ahoet, an though-.principally devoted to eiprcatl ari(J'''adv; acy- of*thc' principles bf the mrt/tpirf noWA ril !w _! ? luv/viuuv paiij1) ! is i/csiucs a Jiuuu lainuj' news- j er. - The-subsc; >tion price is only one doll/tr per i uqj, and to^thosc who wish a respectable political, j er/Sve would sa subscribe to tho^'Nctvs." ^ Ve learn hy a poitacript in the last Raleigh In- t andettf, that" Coh MiChael Hoke, late Degioic candidate for I Ipvernor of North Carolina died f Hharlqtte, on tb 7th inst. * Tho Independent 1 ' ' C ( 1?" ig . ; Politic^rdiffereniles aro-forgotten, and we re- ? iber only the intelligent, kind-hearted and v?r- f s gentleman, of tttom tho community, in tlio or- s )f Providence, is pdreaVed. ' There will be found . j who more sincimly deplore *he death of Mr. ^ more doepjy.symyathiao with his afflicted . ( H',^lna hisl^to political opponents."" \ a ' (' . . . SphtbhviliiE, September 12, 1844. j , Mr. Editor:?In.your paper of the 4th instant, I perceive'-Certain interrogatories propounded, (.by a r voter, and above the signature Salern,) to aad ( other candidate* to represent CJaretaont election j District iriHbe ncit -Legislature?-and. as .an early reply was -requested, L hasten to-give the desired informaJlAitt on the questions proposed, viz: < lq?g*Kre you decidedlv in favor of giving the election of President and Vice President to the pcop<C?, . . v k ' . 8re ^0Ur V'eV^8 'n rela^?* Mr. 3d. Are you in favot or opposed to the proposed ehangein the Judicial Tenure? **7lth. Areyou'tofavorof the law, as it now stands, for" the CjMUniujoners of the Public ftoads to be elected Jpjjruie Legislature, instead of the ; people, ktaph third, and foqrth interrogatories, I Shswor iii rae affirmatirel The change st ha re proposedimeet my approbation. ' .. .ItfWply to the second question, I .think the timo hasnot fully arrived for separate State action^ South Gtfrolma.should not; on the eve of our Presidential election, weaken or jessen the prospecja of our candidatgJanaes ffiNPolk, for the Presidency, bilt should ajritff the issue of that contest, and endeavor to cultivate a ivirit of amity and friendship with our friends^ in ptfier Staid*, find to strengthen our position by obtaining a. 'Southern resistance to those acts of usi - . ?L_ urpation Ana oppression, oy iiivmug luD tu^dution of other States identified with us in interest, property acd$nstitutions. YVe are not only forced, to cont^mf fgr our rights, against a rnonied monopoly, the Tariff, but against that spirit of abolition fa. naticism, so-rife in our land. I counsel not delay for the'purp?e|(f procxas^aiiou, ^ merely for-th^ purpose of organizing and concentrating-<our fiSPcus in the best manneri practicable, tiq tn&at' the emergency; and to secQce If possible, unity of action in the Southern .States. But in-the event of our failing t<% obtain their assistance; and South Carolina should.beleft unaided and alone,laiai-the present; oppressions still remain updn qk the dayis not far distant .when'the p< ?6ple of this $fate ,.will arouse from their lethargy, and it is expected that every man will be. found at ljis post, determined, firmly,* and resolutely, to redeem .the pledgestofhis State, I haye thus ima burried ?and brief, manner, Mr*' Edifor, submitted pjy views on the above questions. ? - ?' " -IV- . - 1'iease auow memn. piuuem. jou, . .Respectfully, .yocrob'dt. ser'vi^ S. R. CHA$DLER.V - ^ ' . * I ' T * * -j-?% # .?%i\ SlfHTKHVILLE, SlSPTEJfBEIt 11, 1844. ]&'. Editor:^?In answer- to ,"Salem,in your pa. per, I bog you will msert. the following remarks: _ . *1 api opposed to givmg.thc electiqo' of Governor -to thft_ people. A comparative statement.of'the' . number of vvhite voters in differentDistricts, wotdd show, bow unequal & voice different sections. of tfap .country wouId have,, under the proposed alteration, iri the electierj of that officer. For bxaftfple," the number of* free white males of the age of twenty and upwards, is v . * ..r ' rh\' In. Sumter, . l,841Jlo Spartanburg, . 3,468 , Darlington, 1,471 Greenville, 2,460 . Richland,. . 1,40^ Abbeville", - *. * 3;0} 1 . Kershaw, . 9Q0t' . Pendlptbn, / . 4,730 Williamsburg, 693 Edgefield, ' 3,225 - Georgetown. " 636Laureos,, " * 2608 STi 'floM . 10 J>fTM . V,w*v|- ? . ~ -Add to the right "hand, column the Districts"-.-' ' of Union, Yprk atfd i3bester4 and. you *6^,/ Total white populaliafi So.illr Carolina,-- ' 257,117 . f beg IdaTe to,*refe>to'these figurei, in connection withyour second questions, respecting the election of electors, "to vote for President and Vica President of tlitB -fJniCed States. _ ' The probable operation of so i rnportant a change in ourcoiuplctesystem ofjalectuStts, imistbe considered;'not only for "the present moment, vbut. for alt time to come, and in-this connection, I'-Beg leave -to assume the proposition, tbat-in time to ?offlo,' the up. per Dist^rqts.. which I have nameH^-wiH.be.come manufacturing. Districts. I must Say* in passing, that while'a varietyofpnrsnitsroonducel greatly to the .prospe rity.ofa country, I fear that , a Northern majority,- that sticks at nothing,' wrtl never permit a black elate population to'be their rivals to imnufactares. The jnombers wjdch wo "send to tlTe 1 attire, to elect a Governor, add electors for JPresi'r dent and ;Vice President.are Representatives*. of population and taxation, and by this aVrapgethea^ syhile Spartanburg with 3408 voters, has fiuo Ren resentajliyes cud one Senator?Mb at is &ix ..votes? ^aWhb-1841 voters, .ba"ve five Representatives and two Senators;.that is.seyen votes in-those.elections. By the proposed "oiterationj we -lose these. advantages:' AUatim? >vhe'n our peculiar institutions, are attacked fcom.?hrnad,.that portion of power, .Which under tJie compromiseTof the ^constitution,- we enjoy fromihe taxation of that specie* of property, ought hot lightly to ha'thrown a Way.. I njay addt thatin* |,h'e:prpsent aspect of our. political affairs, the'vote by the State; given at the last moment by the Leg: (slature, acting as acorpa of reserve, and- throwing" its weight in mass, has some advantages to recommend it. * w " . ' .If the election of President and Vice-President bo given Iq the people, by general tioket, the voice of the minority is suppressed. If by tb*divraion of tho Statu, into ninn oTp.utpral < Di'stripta- bow^aw-jhrrtQ' be.arranged? onthe principle of whit* population? Shall three-fifths' of the slavo p&pulation be added to the..whije .population, or shall-4boy be- arrajiged on a ratio, of tlje number of Senators and Representatives sent to the Legislature? Ifthoyare arraffged on th3-principle of federal, numbers, the nine Districts which I have named, will be entitled to as tna-* ny electors, as.all the rest of the State put together. The present Congressional District of Pendleton,' r? 1. m? _ it - ... . urcenvuio.aiia i-aurens, nad in I03'J, 01 wmre population, '40,209, .of slaycs, '20,247. The present . Congressional District of Sumter, Kershaw, Lancaster Richland and Fairfield, had of whites, 33,297, of slaves, 51,230. -Areslaves.to go for nothing in this ncw.arrangemcnt? . ? . . Without refiniiig-too much"on the subject, it may. br instance, be shewii, that an onerous tariff vvhicii i President-may or may not veto, materially diminshes.the comforts of a. slave agricultural population. They cannot directly vote; but qhpuUl not this agrl cultural interest, be .represented, by an increased mlue, given to the vote of tho mister who owns hem, and is bound to protect them? I am in favor of taking the election of electors rom the Legislature, but Ihai'c yet seen no plan rroppsed, tor which t could vote, consistently with ny duties to my District* If one is proposed that vill preserve the relative weight of Chircmont and i&lem counties,' in the.election, I shall cheerfully go or it. I 'wish to call.jour attention to another con. : ideratloriJ * .. ' ' Tho-time pr escribed for the election of electors.- < vill thTow the olection.'of electors, if given to tho 1 'eoplc, beyond.the time of tho general elections in < )ctoWr, thui imposing upon Us, tho burthen of an- I thcr general election, or requiring us to rcnilodel 1 - s I ' . ' # ' * * ' * . * our u'Me system of elections; the act oj^QDsretf of l792, requiring the'election to take placewTt bin thirty-fiW daji ipSr tlje" second Wednesday of DeV cerober. 1 .?"} Hl-fevor- of giving tb^^ction of Comraf^onefll- of the roads to ike people. Mt. ' Jeffe rson vs&lkfiit'opiiirpn, that the people should J?: rrtsvwarda vir kunHr?ii^?nd " i; themselves, there rotCd, Pfrlicc' Jteigrstratesgjjtfc.' "New-York, Justices t^th(TPcAce arc^^ecW^^ffce ; ^I shall vote against the bijtl of the ^6^S^?tcm, altering the Judicial .l'eni^e.* ^ With regard to Mr.Rhett's plafl, I presurap par object is, to pscertara^^ and of the erpedicDCy 'pf separa^^iMfte actfon^fn some form at this time. 'o^fiioii of . parties, I think it '6qir, best policy ^todefer for the present moment, a ppft of the people in Convention ; k.,? o??nfinr Apl*v- T ?iidtt?iiT no dbnbt. of the right and duty of the State, to resist the -system of protective dutiea, and T would earnestly calf tbo attention of the people, to this subject. TTjc Bokf and fraudulent nsnrp&tions of &eftvored dtts \ manufacturers, raustfspeedily fee? arrested,.*?all and>?>' / every hazard. For 128 years, we Iwfc'e been suffering, under "the iaiSt^Ion of continued tariffs, and the last bas added insult to injury. Gongt^a has become but the convenient machine, to absorb'the resources ofone class ?f States, to advance the prosperity of another in the same'confederacy. 'icrHfitr struggle for power, States tread<Jown States, sovereign like themselves, and opbb^thelr" trtiins,: are laid T deep, the foundations of a central consolidated gov! ernment. ' I , At the same time, from out the mass4 of this?nce - j-free people ha^-afisen a moqied oligarchy,;Vho ban| dec] to principle of plunder, thrust the mi any that ;disgcacod[.the heathen tejnp[es of tfie im- | pure Gods,-;devl?;way$ and ipea'^.to larf?Ii riches . ffipoa tfcer riph, and grind down the faces of the'poor. ' . The tyrapny of nobles and priests hai passed a vrnjri that of assoc^ted Wealth isbearing . dotyii hn^jly upon m. All ]eg%;&a$ ends of' . government aro ;perverle$j4he.^ pqblic^ia'pfals fcfc .. 'corrupted, and despotism is*already established. . In this state of things, if other means fell* it js my/; opinion, that the -State, in. Convention .^emblj^' ehould. formally suspend thepo'wersjjraptedby'irt, Vo> gether with its sister State* in the Convention of 1787,.to the common agency at Washington,which powers the.COngreJis has exceeded and abused until < the government can be. re-settled upon is proper basis. - . Nothing but ttelsm^teble experience oftbepast can makb me?nticipate, that in fins .day and generation, bcpjpjfor^ w;jin>e. applid^ .-else.ofan undeniable riglK, hv.^sovereign'party,"to the cr>p>pact, which framed tfre*g?yefaracnt.' . Shculd coercion he threatened,senile we<Jo not * invito, with thfi assistance- ofj))Aie PwvJ^ice, we will reppl hostilities. 1 - ' ? ?r?' - w . UMTSH CIS-thict^ J?e*T. 10, 18 H. . .Mr. Editor:?Recognising .as"! do-tjifc.right of "every freeman to understand' fully and clearly pie " sentiment* .of those-^to 4rp to Represent thetain tbe,Legislat?re,'\'I beg iho-ftyprlof replyfeg. . <oo6r yoorpaper of tne 4th inst. to ihir candidates for dn? . Legislature &r CkreiwAft antf not required giyp rajr answers'to the^ae&abs in tuffky word*n? . r-i i ns^weiu una v ice npsWQQl sbOttfd be gifO/i to the sPeopK *- -2. I am an.unchangedlJjiion*mxul6f 1832, ' -anou tfiejre^p. oppa^-WvtW'ft^ amid" Whiiln the South x^i' no Ion- . ger hear vba.-J>Urthens imposed by t?$ go for suchiqipafcures j*s will jecnre the Q&cieni akf >-?0 - and.co*operafifa ofali the Suuther^-, States, whose interests ahcf:ipatiUilion? arqufeoticafr with those"'jL, : oCjSduth Cfroh'Da. . . ' .. * '??j . From prns^gg^d^atioi^Vthe e&r^otthpJWends ^ .of free trade .^S^QisyVre' thelSr^laj^e&e df tb? y*. democratic vQt^S^Mirjy eve.ry State that ha$ voted this year, thp^^e .surwus in?tbe national treasury, I have-no do'uk^e present tariff \vill lie reduced, without rifcortiiig to aqy. harsher feftiedytfc'aa / ' .that afforded btjthe ballot-box. . 3. I am opposed ttj-tba^roposcd'altoration.in-the - v. Judicial -.ToRUMSk.;- V- "* ' .4- J am opp?p ^:rhe present tpbdo of appdidt- . ing Commissioners oitJloads,by4he Legislature, id- v stead'of eiecting$em by thePeople*v - I Kave thavjfl&EditW.ffra^^ answored the abot'(^uestidps? I^*gh? have answer-^" \ ea idc second query moreto ttuvsetisfeclion of rna.ny friends, whose*}* ie ndsbip..I value,.ami ?*fiose pat- ; -Tiotism I cannot d(kd>ts buTaslvn not wottf fevoHni . with an/new rev^ations upon the doctrine of N?l. lific^Uon^Avhicfci^rc not fp^y dispjosed io nae 12. years agot-I -'ajust'confrnuO.to entertain ilns' utjjwp .. t ularnotion?now/tfeat ldid\heh. .7 . v . * Respectfully^ . 1 . :. .. - ? - * B . IiiPorrArrt TatAi in BamImoki:.?-Tire trial bf ^ , Charles' tV Torrr, foj; gel to the ' . 1 free ptatesrJa-ahwtt to.takeplace. The .issue of the trial involves thy wry exietcxce of . slavery in Maryland and all the border Slates, lie is charged with aiding s'undry. slaves .to escape to v the free States. The question involved are?* "Is it. can it ne moae, a ueionyor other crime* to rescue ,a man trojn s)very,-by*mere statute law?" In^iscussmg ' the point, the. whole relations of pur government'to slavery" will be* thoroughly investigated. Again, the- inquiry ^whether slave ry 4fas any legal existence>. * under the constitution in Maryland and Virginia, pr- . whether it.exists "by mere sufferance and me. force ot custom, will-be pursuedto its utmost limit* Again. . all the issues involved in the protracted coirespon-. dcnce between Gpv. Seward of New York^on the.one haridrand the iix.GbVeraors. of Virginia Qti the, other, are to be'brought hpforo the Court for formal adjudication. , <- ? Death of the FatGihl!?The Lowcl Advert!*, ser says that Jane, Vanvalkcnburgh, the colored eirk who has been in that city on exhibition for- tr lew daya-tiicd at her lodging, on Merrimack street last Wednesday eyening*. J3h.e. was indisposed bdt a short time, and we |ire not informed of' the nature of her disseise. She was a native of. ^jbsau, iV. Y.,.14 years,of age, and weighed it is saidjJve Awi- ' dred pounds! She was unquestionably the qiost rb markablc instance of obesity .on record."1*' iHer rema iirs bavebeen carried to her friends. ; *" Fatal Rexcobotb*??It is our palnfiil duty' to J record a tragical scene Which occurred in this town an Monday (Saleday) last. After the Sheriff's tales were over, ghd whilst a considerable "Crowd ramaic ;d about the stops of the Court House, a fight ensued ictween Mr. Jos. W.rGl?veraRd,Hr^ Lovett GoraiTion, which terminated l.i the death of Jfr.'G]e?ON' *. \ - * 9 + ' " ' *; V4 * * ?