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* 4* :, - ;?*&* THE ( 1MDE \ JOIKViL. i. ' [MEW SERIES ] VOL. II. C ATI DEV. SOUTH CAROLINA, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 30, 1841. ' .?. KoV?0. Published every Wednesday Morning, by THOMAS W. PEGUES, At three dollars in advance, three dollars and fifty cent* in six months; or foar dollars at the expiration of the year. Advertisements insertod at 75 cents per square for the first, and 37 1-2 for each subsequent insertion.? The number of insertions to he noted on all advertiso moots, or they will be published until ordored to be ,.C discontinued, and charged accordingly. One dollar per square wilt be charged for a single insertion. Semi-monthly, Monthly and Quarterly advertisements will be charged the same as new ones each insertion. All Obituary Notices exceeding sqt lines, and Communications rooOmmending Candidates for public Offices of profit or trust?or puffing exhibitions, will be charged as advertisements. Accounts for Advertlsijg and Job Work will be presented for payment quarterly. ID* All Letters by mail must be post paid to inmn pnnstMl attention. si??**^s??W?? A/TRTf!TTTTITT?AT. 11UA%AVVJUX VA%iixc To4he President, of the Agricultural So' ~ cieties of South Carolina:? - " Gentlemen,?1 ask your attention to the following resolution, adopted by the State Agricultural Society. "That the District and Parish Societies be invited to present to this Society, at its next annual meeting, an essay or memoir 3 on the subjects to which their notice may respectively be drawn by the President, whose business it shall be to designate the topics on which information is needed." Thpre is. nerhaDs. no member of the ^ ?' I r ? | v Confederacy more dependent on agricul-1 ture than South Carolina; and none where! that important branch of industry is more neglected. Of the States comprising the Union, twenty have deemed it necessary > to aid the cause of the husbandman by legislative enactments. South Carolina has so far steadily refused to lend even - ' the influence of her name to the uphold- j ~ ing of that pursuit on which her wealth and prosperity so intimately depend.?1 On thisexigency, when, too, the moral and political elements have assumed a j . sombre hue, it becomes the southern tiller . v, of the soil to arouse from his lethargy, and to direct his efforts to the devising of means best calculated to promote the true v. interestsofbisvocation. Accurate knowl-1 edge concerningthe defects of our agricul-1 tural practices, and the remedies that are i accessible and certain,, is what is now, .-^mainly wanted. In furtherance of this ob-! "-j: ject, and the better to attain the end sub- j stantially aimed -at by the Soeiety, I now j : ' respectfully submit the selection of the topics for the essays to j'our netter jucig-' ment, in the confident hope that such sub 0' jects may be chosen, adapted to localities j as will afford light enough to guide us to the ?goal of useful and profitable labour. It is conceded that there exist ruinous errors in management, and great neglect of means and facilities for agricultural improvement. The fault is too common for the planter to look exclusively to the' annual income from his crops, without tak1 ing in the estimate at the -years end vvhe-! ther his plantation regarded as a permanent investment of capital, has been improved, - or deteriorated. v 4>-'' Learned, or abstruse dissertations on husbandry, although they would assist in bringing about correct opinions on many, points perhaps essential to our calling are ! not, at this time, the surest means ot' ac-' complishing our purpose. Plain practical essays alone, the necessity of the occasion I imperatvely requires. If the service Hesignated in the above resolution be faithfully performed, I scarceyl need say to you, that an impulse will be given to agriculture in this State, of vast and per-1 manent utility. May I add that this is a cause in which all can embark. Here there are no collisions of interest or of .opinionto overcome, and no motives at variance with private feelings,or public incentives to action. I have the honour to be, very respectfully, Your obedient servant, W. B. seabrook. President S. A. S. of S. C. June 14, 1841. From the Yankee Farmer. PROTECTION AGAINST DROUGHT. Ia tillage, the best protection against drought that can be conveniently practised to a great extent, is frequent stirring the earth, so as to keep it light and loose. In this way, the earth at the surface is in many smallparticles, which serve as a non conductor of moisture, and retain it below, where the roots obtain a supply. On the contrary, when the earth is hard and compact, the moisture is readily conducted off through it, even to a great depth in a very dry time. As an illustra tion, if one end of a long bar of iron be put into a fire, the heat will readilv pass to the other end; but if that bar be cut frUo pieces of one inch or Jess in length, and laid along in the manner of a bar, the preces would touch in some places, and in others there weuld be a small space between them; and on healing one end, the other would not be effected, as the heat . would not pass but a small space through J the pieces. Again, we will suppose that a fire of ' intense heat be made on a block of iron, , that is four feet square, and ten feet high, the body of iron would fast become heat- ' ed downward, even to the bottom. Now, J if that iron should be cut or broken into fine pieces, and a body of iron formed of J these pieces, of the same size as the block, and a fire of a like degree of heat made thereon , the heat would work down slow ly, after penetrating a small distance through the many particles, and the air intervening between them. We give this 1 no th*? thcorv. li is the practice, as in all ! other things, that we rely on as the foundation of true science. j There is in a dry time, a great quantity . of moisture in the earth, that is continually 1 rising and passing off in evaporation; and if this evaporation can be prevented, in a great measure, by a non-conductor of moisture at the surface, the plants will 1 suffer comparatively but little. This is ' abundantly 9hown in practice. I Those who have not witnessed from experiments and observation the advant- 1 ages of fine loose earth on the surface, as ' a protection of plants against drought, 1 would not be likely to suppose its effects , so great as it is, though the theory is plausible and reasonable. Corn and other . vegetables that have been well hoed in ] evtremelvdrv time, have flourished well, ' while some parts left for experiment were ! nearly destroyed by drought. . We noticed the powerful effects of this protection last season. We cultivated a ' few acres mostly dry land, and the drought was severe indeed. Where the soil was ' ferquently stirred and kept light and loose on the top, there was a constant moisture ' a short distance from the top; but where 1 the earth remained unmoved, it dried to a great depth. ' A narrow strop, running across the , piece, was left for turneps, and remained unploughed. On this the soil become dry below the usual depth of ploughing, and 1 the weeds were almost dead for want of ! moisture, while at the side, weeds of the same kind in the edge of the ploughed . ground, were fresh and vigorous, and the soil was dry only a few inches on the sur- 5 face. ( Where some grain was sowed, the earth was dry down six or seven inches; while by the side of it, where the soil was * often stirred, it was dried down only three or four inches. And in this latter case, the moist earth had a good degree of mois- [ ture, while the former contained but little. g From tho samo. In the Yankee Farmer of May 15, No. { 20, it is asked, is tanners bark useful for manure? It is answered, it is, if properly putrified, or decomposed. On a farm in Westbrook, Maine, a great quantity of tan- f ncr's bark was applied on land of a clay r subsoil. It was spread about four inches ^ thick. It was then turned in with a plough . cutting about fourteen inches deep, which ' would take ten inches of the natural ' ground. Then another, and like dressing z was spread, and turned in, in the same manner. The land was then sowed to s grain and seeded down. It has been mowed now for over thirty years, and is said to have averaged more than two tons to the acre. If a plenty of it be put on [ and turned in, and then left undisturbed, ' I there is no doubt but that it will decom- 1 nnonrA. oil tlio niirnrt. t I pusc lilSI. CllUUgu ivi ausnvi an mu scs of manure. The dust of saw-mills, : (which is all now wasted, if saved'which ' could be done, at very little expense and * l trouble, would be a very valuable and use- I ful manure, if plentifully used, turned in, 1 and left undisturbed to ferment,decompose } and fertilize the soil. The great error and fault of farming now is, that the farmers 1 think all their labor is lost if they do not ' get the full return of all the outlay, the pre- j sent year. This system will always keep ' both the farmer and th3 owners poor. [ PHIJLO. [ Portland, May 18, 1841. A St. Louis Fish Story.?The St. 1 Louis Pennant gives the following speci- ' men of the fish stories of that region. t "A small boy only 13 years old, canghr t a catfish jesterday, which weighed K>2 c pounds* After he had got him fairly hook, e ed, the fish made a plunge and drew the s little fellow under the water; nothing * daunted, however, he scrambled out again, ^ i:?? In hand nn#t nflor n hard contest, SUC- t jceededin drawing his prize to the edge of a ihe water, where a boatman straddled him and rode him ashore, New York mar boast of her shad, and Albany of her sturgeon; but St. Louis challenges the world to produce better catfish." - -# n MISCELLANEOUS. DARBY AND THE RAM. 'Twas one of those days when the sun in its perpendicular altitude looks at two sides of I he hedge at once?a lovely midsummer day, when nature was laughing till her sides ached, and mother earth in Iter gayest mood, was lavishing her promises and her smiles to her often ungrateful children, the Iambs were skipping to and fro within their enclosed pastures, and the sows, with grave and matron aspects, were lolling in the sun, and ruminating their already gathered repast?every thing seemed happy except the shepherd Darby. Poor fellow! A "green and yellow melancholy," had settled on his manly :hec.k; his grief he revealed not, but let 'concealment, like a worm i' the bud," prey upon his spirits; he stalked about the field like a ghost, or leaned upon his crook in silent despair. Lord Amplefield and Squire Buckthorn were riding past to dinner. " I wonder," said his lordship co the squire, "what can be the matter with my shepherd Darby. He seems in a galloping consumption and were I to lose, him, I would not see his like again for many I a long day. He is the most honest, stea-1 dy, careful creature in the world, and never told a lie in his life." "Goodl Why my lord, do you really believe such nonsense?" "Decidedly I do; I know your opinion j s not very favorable as to the moral char- j icter of our dependents, yet there are some among thera not unworthy of trust." ; They now advanced nearer and his lordship held up his whip as a signal, and i aver bounded Darby. "Well, Darby,' lhat shower we had last night ser*. ed the pastures." "It did, my lord, and the cows will give i larger meal; and require milking earlier :his evening through means of it." "Darby, bring over my favorite ram. hat this gentleman may see it. "Yes my lord. Halloo, sweeper, away or Ballfacc." In a few minutes the dog hunted the' am up from the flock. "That's a clever urn, my worthy," said the squire; "here's lalf a crown to drink." "Thanks to your honor," said Darby;" nit the worth of that in strong drink will lerve me a year; and yet I'll spend it in Jrink all in one night." "Explain this riddle, Darby," ?Why, sir, when I feel myself merry :nough without it, where's the use in aking it ? That stream can slake my hirst as well. Yet I'll not speak for )thers? many a one there are, who must lave strong drink to give them false ipirits. On them will I spend it to open heir hearts, and make them forget their; - lay s ton." . "You are a worthy fellow, and a phi-1 osopher," said Lord Amplefield, with a ook of triumph, as he and the squire rode >ff. " Wliat say you to my shepherd low ?" "A mighty, plausible fellow, indeed! iTet proud as you are of him, my lord, I >et a score of sheep that before two days ['II make him tell you a bare-faced lie out ind out." "Done!'' said his lordship, and the ;quire set out on his LiE-making expediion. He soon ascertained the cause ofDar>y's melancholy. There had been a juarrel between him and the girl of his leart, the lovely Cauthleen. Pridepreven* ed a reconciliation, through both would he world to be in each other's arms. To ler the squire bent his steps, succeeded n rtrnwinfr onf thf> sRp.ret that she loved Darby with all her hea rt and a half, and I hen artfully upbraiding her unkindness J n neglecting the worthy young fellow,' who -vas dying for her, contrived to inveigle her, )y a series of falsehoods, into a plan to get econciled to Darby, and while in the height >f his happiness, to coax the ram from him. It succeeded next to admiration, and the aughing girl tript home leading the aninal with a handkerchief, from her snowy )osom. Darby was left now to his solitary relection. The hourwas rapidly approachng when his lordship usually took his ound, and he would infallibly miss his favorite ram. What was to be done? To ell a LIE appeared to his honest mind he very essence of degradation; to Eqciv>cate was meanness execrable?yet an xcuse must be had! A sudden thought eized him; he resolved to sec how a lie vould look before he told it; and planting lis crook in the field, and placing his hat n it, in order to personate himself, he reired to a short distance, and in the charcter of his lordship, hailed the effigy as | allows: "Good morrow, Darby." i "Good morrow, my lord." < "How are flocks to day, Darby?" "Pretty fair, my lord. i V'c . ' Vr~. " //' | "Darby, I don't see my favorite ram;| where is he?" "Oh, my lord, he he -he " "He what, Darby?" * "He was drowned?my?my lord." \ "Darby, if I did not know your general i character for carefulness, I should feel exceedingly annoyed, but I presume it } was an accident. Send the fat and hide < up to the castle." "That won't do!" murmured Darbv, slowly turning away. He resolved to try; f again., 1 Good morrow, Darby." t "Good morrow, my lord." c "Are the flocks well to-day, Darby?" r ? Bravely, my lord." i' "And my ram, Darby, where is he?", i " My lord, he he " s "Is there any thing wrong? tell me at c once." ~ c "Ho wm mv lord." t "Stolen! stolen! I saw him this morning t as I was riding past! when was he stolen?" i "That won't do either," exclaimed the c poor shepherd, as he turned away the se- t cond. "Cruel, cruel Cauth!" 11 Something seemed to whisper to him F "Try it, perhaps the TRUTH will dor'? t Fresh courage seemed to animate his des- s nnndinor mind and whfifdinor about he V i e "? ?- o - . ? commenced the colloquy, and coming to t the usual interrogation, 'where's the ram?' n he dropped on his knees, and exclaimed, n Oh, my lord, I had a falling out with my t swcetherrt, and she would not make it up d with ine unless 1 made her a present of h your lordship's favorite ram. Discharge f me, my lord; do with me what j'ou please, J but I could not bring myself to tell your " lordship a LIE! h "That will do!" shouted Darby, spring- h ing from his knees, and walking up and } down with a feeling of honest exultation, 'i He had scarcely time to compose him- t self when his lordship and the squire ap- b peared. Darby, on the usual inlerroga- I tion being put dropped on his knees, and r told "the truth and nothing but the truth;" i< and instead ofseeing a frown gathering on s his lordship's countenance, he beheld him b turn with a look of triumph towards o the squire, while he exclaimed, r "An honest man's the noblest work of g God 1" : The ladies are informed, in conclusion, I that the squire's forfeited sheep weregiven ' to Cauthleen as a dower, and in taking of * her shepherd, she promised never again to put his truth and constancy to so severe a trial. fi - ? (Corretpondence of the Mercury.) ' Republican Office, I Savannah, June 20, 1841. $ j Gentlemen:?We have an account this morning by the arrival of the U.S. steamer ^ Newbern, from Florida, of further Indian depredations and murders, committed, no ? doubt, by some of Halleck Tiistenuggee's g party. This rascal must not hope to es ^ cape much longer, as the command of the war has at last fallen into proper hands; ^ and if energy and ability, stimulated by ^ love of country and a laudable ambition, j, will tend to purchase or compel peace t; for Florida, she may now hope. r An express has passed through town "*T r\..i ? 1 i 1 : G lor JMew urjeans, we uiiuei aiaiiu iu uniik ^ Coacoochce back. The object of Cob ^ Worth in sending for this Cheif we have ^ not learned, but suppose, it is his intention to use him as a guide. v i jj For the following particulars of a recent 1 attack upon a train of wagons, we are in- j debted to one of our attentive Correspondents in Florida: i (Correspondence of the Savannah Republican.) jFi-orida, June 18, ^ Gentlemen:?On the 9th inst. a train of wagons, between Fort Pleasant and Fort, Macomb, on the Suwannee, was attacked ^ by Indians, within a few miles of the latter' t| Post, and the whole train taken. Dr. tj Tufts, who was riding in advance with tj five of theescort soldiers of ihe 3rd Infantry, discovered the enemy in ambush, and: was fired on ere he could retreat to the j wagons. One of the soldiers was killed in- j stantly, and one whose horse had thrown him, retreated across the road, pursued by ^ some eight of the Indians until they came n| in sight of the wagons, when the Indians gave a shrill whoop and fled into the ham- P mock. Dr. Tufts in his turn charged for- Rj ward in the direction of Fort Macomb. The Indians allowed him to pass, but soon showed themselves in a position flankincr the wagons. UDon which they v 0 0 ? , 4 ^ _ commenced a heavy fire compelling the ^ teamsters and every one in connexion with the train to escape as fast as possible |u in the directionof Fort Macomb. The sj, train was entirely abandoned to the ene- as my. Dr. Tufts lost all of his clothing, pa- m pers;. &c., besides, three quaters of a ;s pound of powder which were captured th and carried off by the enemy. The es- y< cart consisted of eight regulars, three of V whom at the moment of the attack lay hi sick in the wagons. th i # - s . ' . - " ' ' v? i- .-V-V- ' *.C> From the New brleah* Bc?. JOHN BULL IN Mr. Packenham, the Ehglisli it Mexico, has been making bin^f ratf$3r idiculousoflate. His erratic tiKjvemeats ire amusingly detailed in .the ifollov/ing :xtract from a private correspondence,; ? vith which we have been poJitetf furalsh* d: Mexico, 27th March,-18?l* "It appears as if England > is trying to >ick a quarrel with this country, and that ler government has giveri " orders to he resident minister to embracee^ery x >ccasionto bring it to an is^ue. . This ^ ^ , ?&, amor was current some tiirte^ aritf'on the >5th a scene occurred which invests it ' vith some degree of probability. A subscription had been gottip to give ja.pobfic - r v linner to tfie^resident ip the large. salnoiC if the Theatre. All the bonfon was invied, and likewise, as a matter of 'coarse, WjZ he corps diplnmntique.' 1AM, me I^II^IISII imuioici, ua*ing.ruuacrT- id that the British fflag was on the left of he National Colors, whilst the Frendi lag occupied the right side,: thoj^bt it roper tocall the attention of the master of he ceremonies thereto, and insisted Natthe ametime that the ensign of which hie vas the representative should be placed on lie right. To this the master: of the cereiionies objected, saying that he had borne 10 part in the arrangement; that a French apestry maker had been employe# in lecorating the saloon, and that. wijhoat s|jj| lis receiving any ordersjhe had placed the lag of his nation on the right side, of tjie ilexican colors. Mr. Packenhamrepfied i an arrogant tone that if the position of lis ensign was not changed according toils wishes, within a quarter of an hour, lie vould himself take it down. Gen.Canalzo, the master of ceremonies* gave order* \ o send for a soldier to protect the trophy, nit without waiting any longer/ Mr. 'ackenham, with the assistance ofJiis se~ etary?of legation went up to the third 3r of boxes, tore down the ' colors, and cattered them in shredsover the assembly lelow. He" then descended and gave irders to all the Englishman present to etire, which thsy did with becoming General Canalizo sent a challenge; to dr. Packennam on the morning'folksy- 1 . j ng, which the latter refused to aCoept, ind here the matter rests" . - : . ' 1 Thunder Storm?a severe thttnder ? torm passed over this city between^ md 1 o'clock this afternoon,during which wo dwelling houses were struck with " ightnining, one on Genesee-street, 'East )? Main, and the other on the, con6er of Sllicott and Genesee,' . Little injury wits _ lone to the buildings', and the iqjOTgtes vere not harmed. A horse and fiisrider, >assingnear one of the houses, were trickerclo the ground by the shock, but ^ oon recovered As this is the season vhen all are more or less liable to expertince a shock from nature's battery^yve vould remark that any. person. struck lown by lightning, no matter if appfcrenty dead, ought to Be laid immediately exended upon the dampground, and if it do lot rain upon him, water shoiild be thfxtyrn <n frpplv whir.h. in most caseS. will Ifcon luct off the electric fluid without serious . njury. Many a one has lost fiif Jife vhen a knowledge of these facts on the lart of friends or bv-standers would h&e reserved it.?Buffalo CmmemaL] < 1 - ' ) ' Easy method of calculating Internst? '* or the following concise ana correct rule jr computing Interest for Mouths 'trnd )ay s at 8 per cent, per annum, we artfinebted to a mercantile friend, and insert for the benefit of the public:? To find the interest on a given sum for Ionihs, multiply the principal by double . V le number of" Months and drvide by 3; if ^ le principal be dollars and cents, cut off ^sriobt hoirl fimiroo flnrl tha mtietrjiaf v It/ IVTi; llgia liailMiiguivs) ?*? %* wv T-n-nn-mnp , rill be given in cents?if dollars, proceedv , j s before, neglecting to cut of the two ' ght hand figures, and the result wtll lie : Iso cents. When Interest is to be computafcfor ays, multiply the principal by twice the umber of davs and divide .by., .the rincipal be dollars and cents ?ut off"three ght hand figures?if dollars, only one, id the result in each will be in centa.? ep. Pilot. ' - - > I " Yor OuoflT to BE Ashamio or otJRsELr."?How very common, and at e same tijne how absurd it ia for a girl, ter she has been kissed by a ehap, lo rn roond, pout her pretty Hps aa though ie was mad, and say "yon nogbt to be hamed of yourself," when every one ust know ?lie means niuuing ?u u all nonsense, girls, to make remarks oT e kind and for using them. Why don't mi come right out, likjjrthe yanke* girl ho was -fcfrsed by. her lover, and tell m "yoiroars'nt do tha/again." That's e my.?Picayune. ' \ *-' 'v /- C A