University of South Carolina Libraries
not. in time, raise the necesnrv moans from its own stockholders, to meet their engagement*. II ence, it becomes a question, which deeply concerns the state, what course it ought to pursue, to secure an exclusive lien by the removal of this incumbrance wl^e.i stands in its way. It was my duty to give you the information; it belongs to your wisdom, to decide the course you ought to tali?. , The Judiciary system shico its last rc organization, seems to perform its fanctions in a manner answerable to thecx-. JieCl.T. I't'is (II UKJ JLj::^;S.iiLU;c. X v,l it , t > mo. that the system would I>o snore com- j i?! ?<?. by 1 !iii creation of interior courts.? Tint former trial and rejection of county i c hi r is in the state, is not a fair test, by! which to coinloiiui them. Tiny were then but partially use!, and only in lha upper country. Tiie little progress whicli this portion of the state had then made in ' intelligence, wasealeulatod to expose them ( to contempt and ridicule, I?ut now, a different state of things exists, ami these useful institutions, which prevail in every state in tire Union except this, would be lbuad valuable auxiliaries in the administration of justice, and in the management j of the police of the districts. If adopted, the duties now performed by the Ordina- j ries, might be advantageously transferred j to these tribuuals. They should he vested with jurisdiction to a limited amount in cases of contracts, and misdemeanors.? And all the powers now exercised by the commissioners of the roads, the poor, and public buildings, should be vested in them. The trial by jury, is justly esteemed ahiongst us. as one of the birthrights of freemen. and is by our constitution, jealously guarded against invasion. It is a strong defence against usurpation or oppression in public prosecutions; and in the decision of private rights usually adonis a tribunal impartial, and at the same time imbued with a useful portion of the neighborhood feeling and intelligence. But, in proportion a-; the institution is valuable, and high in public favor, should be the care ta~ -rt.wlrt*. - * n* ... It., 1 hUI IU 1U1UU 11 puilCCI. Ill 111) Wj?v-l >ut i Its necessary tendency, is to deviations front that exact uniformity of decision, which, iu like circumstances, would render to every one the like measure of justice. and .us far as practicable, without undue restraints those deviations should be circumscribed. Whether this injurious tendency may not be increased by t lie various habits and tempers of various Judges, and how far, if at all, it would be well to control the discretion of the Judges, in their summing up of facts to Junes, are questions left to your wisdom to determine. So, also, is the question, whether it inexpedient to attempt any means more c(? "tual, than the practice in appeals, t ? correct the errors, which under the l>C:>t circumstances, juries often commit, in matters of mixed law and fact; or, sometimes, even in pure matters of facts committed to them. Our provision as to the drawing of juries, seem well adapted to guard against the partiality of summoning officers, and to secure a panel above suspicion; but it still sometimes hannens, that a partv is obliged to submit his ease to jurymen from! one or more of whom, ho lias reasons f >r apprehending injustice, although ho can make no challenge, upon legal ground, and a verdict is rendered, which \v ould have heen materially altered,by the change ?>f one, or at most of two jurymen, from which all relief by appeal, is hopeless.? Whether, without any material change in the practice of our courts, the right might not be given to every party litigant, to strike without cause, one or more of the jurymen from the list offered liiin, I also ^.present, as a question for your considera tion, with a belief on my part, that such aright, might be conferred with great advantage. - o The public executions of capital offenders, is an exhibition, which is believed to exert an injurious influence upon the minds and morals of the people. The terrors, with which such scenes should strike the beholder, is often converted into sympathy for tlie supposed sufferer, whose exit has sometimes the appearahce of a sort of triumph utterly inconsistent with the horror, which should be inspired i by the crime. In all cases, the imagina- J lion would invest the dread sanction of the : law, with a horror, not felt in witnessing i the infliction. The heart which would be hardened by the sight, might be subdued, bv the consideration of the fact known to j occur, but hidden and clothed in the so j lemnity of darkness and privacy; and, instead of the wicked suggestions and brutal j excesses, which often attend an ! result i iVom public spectacles of suffering, ami | ]>ul>lic discnssiiMis of the sufferer's mis-' deeds, good influences might attend thoj calm reflections which would follow the] , certainty of the offender's being rut ofl'i v ithout sympathy or support, This is j perhaps especially true, in the case of aj to::ce, surrounded as lie generally is, by his ! fellow slaves. 1 therefore suggest the pro-' priely of all executions being conducted; in some private place, and in the presence I of such persons only as the law shall de-j ' signato. % 1 herewith transmit the Census of the _ free white inhabitants of this Slate, taken A in pursuance of the act passed at the last lossion of Legislature. The whole nninHp> ;r is ascertained to be, 257,117. B ^ In obedience to youa resolution of the; last session, requiring nie to correspond j ^^^iih the execufve of Georgia, for the purpose 01 obtaining information on the j subject of the controversy between that! State and the State of Maine, in relation to an nlledged infraction, on the part of the latter, of that part of the Constitution of the United Stales which relates to fugitives front justice, I beg leave to inform j you that I have performed that duty, amJ herewith transmit the documents shewing the present state of the controversy. I transmit to you the proceedings of the Legislatures of the several Stales on va-' D , rious subjects of supposed common concern to all the States, which are laid before you at their request. I also invite your attention to the copy of an act. passed by the Legislature of the State of New York, " to authorize the ar-' rest and detention of fugitives from justice | from other Stales and Territories of the! United Stale.-," transmitted to me for the ' ? ??,. purpose u? ue:ng inn: oeiore you, wun a | view of procuring tlie passage of a similar law by all the States. it lias been suggested to me. by a communication from Daniel Brent, Esq., Unite.1 Slates Consul at the city of Paris, in the Kingdom of France, that great difficul- j tv and embarrassment are constantly ex-1 pcrienced by citizens of the United States I and other persons abroad, from the want of some uniform and simple mode for the! acknowledgement of deeds of real estate, I and other property, situate in the several. Slates of this Union, and executed with-1 out the limits of lite United Slates. This I matter appears to he entitled to your con-; sideration. I, therefore, in accordance' with the desire of Mr. Brent, lay his com-! inunication before you, containing the pro-1 jeel of a law, to remove the difficulty and j embarrassment complained of. It will ali'.ml me pleasure to co-operate j with y"it in all measures calculated to ad-1 vance the happiness and prosperity of our, common country: and I simnlieate ths Su prone Ruler of the Universe, so to direct! your <lcliber itions, that your labors may conduce to tins beneficent result. PATRICK NOBLE, j ? From the Nashville Union. I Tiif. Instructions.?The resolution in-1 troduced into the Senate by Mr. Cue aie.' which were adopted by that body on liie Sth, passed the House of Representatives yesterday. These res i]nitons instruct Messrs. While and Foster to vote against a National Rank and in favor of the Independent Treasury- to vote nirainst the Gag Bill that they voted for last session, and every other bill iike it?to vote against Clay's land bill, and t<? vote for the reduction of lite price of tlii! public lands?to vote for a repeal of the duty on salt?and, in sli ;rf, to reflect the opinions and views of the General Assembly of Tennessee, which 'doth heartily approve the lending inc isures and policy of the administrations of Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren." A nil our .Senators are further instructed to support, in goo I faith, Mr. Van Hurt-it's administration. Upon the oflicial receipt of those instructions we feel authorized to state that Mr. Kust"r, who is now at Nashville, will forthwith resign, according to his pledges made interior to the late election. Judge White has probably been persuaded by his fatal adviser, Mr, Bell, (who passed through Knoxvillc a few days since.) ;o priced to Washington and take his seal in the Senate as if no instructions were to emanate from the Legislature? to receive the instructions there, and to make their receipt an occasion for a flash-; ing electioneering speech against the Administration. If this be the arrangement,! the Judge wi'l pocket a snug little sum of tlie public money drawn out of the Treasur> in the form of mileage, which wcj insist thai the " Whigs" shall carry to the account of " useless expenditures." Judge White will resign. He so stated to a friend in a h tter read to the House by Mr. Jacobs the other day. And we can scarcely believe the rumor that he in-: tends to go ro Washington is true?for he must know, before he starts, that lie Joes not intend (in the language of the resolu- , tions) to ''support the Administration in, good faith." ? i The Eastport (.Me.) Sentinel, a Federal! paper, in giving- an account of the late! election in Ohio, says: " We wish the elections were over: we J are tired of recording Loco Foco victo-1 t ies, which, as chroniclers of the events that transpire in the political world, we have of late been compelled to do upon the reception of election news from almost every State where elections have | been held." : 1 Moini.n.?The editor of the Mobile! Advertiser, noticing some of the proceedings in that city, makes the following touching allusion to the sufferings which have been indtired by those who could not llcc awnv from the epidemic: < i n_.t i/Vw communities nave ever ueeu euueu I to s 11 flTer as \vc have suffered. Pestilence j ami death have been in our midst, and have done their work. Most of our citizens tied from before the destroyer, and left the late of the city in the hands of a few. Of these a portion have been prostrated by sickness, and the remainder were borne down with the fatigue consequent upon their assiduities to the sick land <lying# Upwards of live hundred of their fellow citizens had been swept away, | and consigned to the house appointed for jail living?their associates, their bosom I friend, their dearest companions, one of tcr another had fallen all around them? they were discouraged, sorrowful, dispirited, and*sick at heart. At tliis time, this' ' ?. -J peculiar lime, when the city was defence-j less, and the energies of her citizens bro-1 ken and prostrate, the demon iuccndiar-! ism, with torch in hand, appeared in our' midst! In the stillness of the midnight hour, the torch is applied?anil behold our city is wrapped in flames! Jiight after' night, in constant succession, we were aroused from our slumbers by the midnight alarm bell, and the startling cry of fire! There was no security?no safety.' Every one felt, when lie laid his head upon his pillow at night, that should he sleep, the roof over his head might be enveloped in flames before the morning dawn.? All knew these horrid fires to be the work of incendiaries?of monsters, who were' of us, among us, in our very midst. Under such circumstances, is it to be won-' 1 ' I -..,1 ?t,r.rt = ? 1 UlTUU lIi;U III] II IT }?| UUUUUIlItU UIIU (im.un uncnntrolable excitement prevailed? It could not be otherwise. The tact is, our, citizens were driven almost to a state of desperation. Manufacture of Silk.?The following is extracted from an interesting article in the 32d volume of the Cabinet Cyclo-j pedia, on the origin, progressive improve- j ment, and present stale of the Silk manu-j facture. "The quantity of silk usedpn England; alone amounts in each year to more thanj four millions of pounds weight, tor tne production of which myriads upon myriads of insects are required. Fourteen thousand millions of animated creatures annually live and die to supply this little? corner of the world with an article of ' luxury! If astonishment be excited at 1 this fact, let us extend our view into Chi- ( na, and survey the dense population of ] its widely spread region, whose inhabitants, from the emperor on his throne to ( the peasant in his lowly hut, are indebted | for their clothing to the labors of the silk worm. The imagination, fatigued with 1 the flight, is lost and bewildered in con- , ?1.^? nnmlwirc ICllil'llUllJg IIK. lUUlllllOJ UUIIIWig otuv.i every successive year spin their slemlor : threads for the service of man. J "When newly hatched, 5-1,526 silk worms, are upon an average, required to i make up the ounce After the first casting of the skin. 3340 worms are found to ! have this weigrtt. After the second change < ? ? 610 weigh an ounce. In the week passed between the second and third ages, the , number of insects required to make up , the same weight decrease to 145. During , the fourth age a similar rale of decrease ( is maintained; 35 worms now weigh an ounce. The filth age of I he caterpillar comprises nearly a third part o! its brief existence, and has been described by an ' enthusiastic wrietr on the subject, as the ] happiest period of its life, during which it increases rapidly in size, and prepares 1 and secretes the materia! it is about to spin, when the silk worms arc fully grown ! six of them make up the weight of an 1 otns.'c It is thus seen that in a few short I weeks, the insect has multiplied its bulk 1 more than OJ'Jl) f dJ." . ; Rkmarkaiile Providence.?There was a very remarkable circumstance transpired a few weeks since, in Castle Woods, liiissel county, Virginia. A lad about ten or twelve years of age, by the name of Samuel Skoan, who was supposed to have been laboring, for some time, under partial derangement, went to a precipice in the neighborhood of iMaj. James Dickenson's, and after some supposed preparation, leaped off I, in company with Mr. Easterly, visited the place on yesterday, Sept. 24, and a very rugged place it is. There were three or four other lads standing near the base of the precipice when Samuel made his leap; one of them informed me that he was standing within twelve or fifteen feet of where he fell.? There is a rock at the lop of the cliff, which is elevated some two or three feet above the main rock. They say, that upon looking up they saw him standing on the top of the elevated rock; he then asked them if that was a good place to jump; one of them answered that if he t . I >11 1 ; 1 r :? ? umm /rnrtsf wtsiieu to Kin miiisctit u ?u. .v.j place. Immediately and unexpectedly lie made the leap, and went clear of the rock, with the exception of his feet having struck against a rock which projected out some feet fiom the main body of the rock, which gave him a turn, and the}- saw that he turned over two or three times before he fell to the earth. There lies at the base of the precipice the trunk of a sugar mapic, which is considerably decayed, and lies about three feet from the surface; this he fell upon and broke it short oil'. We measured the distance from the top of the rock to where lie struck the log, which is about (50 feet. Dr. Easterly was called upon in a short time to visit him, and reported him but slightly injured. He is now well, and I conversed with his mother, who states that his health is at least as good, if not better, than heretofore. C. D. SMITH. Put-col nn Yn. Sent. 23, 1S39. ? ?rDarkness at Quebec.?The Quebec Canadian statesthat on the forenoon of the ISth of October, darkness settled upon that city, which rendered the use of candles necessary for several hours in the forenoon. The wind blew from the west. The amosphcre was moist. The same phenomenon occurred on the 17th October, 1834, and on the 11th October, 1785. The present number of students in the diflbrent departments of Yale College is about six hundred and fifty. A greater number than ert any former period. ' From the Army ami Navy Chrouicle, for Nov. . Florida War.?The season for active operations having returned, and the public mind, in the army as well as out of it being somewhat agitated bv the contradictory nature of the reports in circulation we have made inquiry that we might in form our readers what measures were con templated in the approaching campaign Gen. Taylor, by the zealous and intel ligent discharge of his duties, having giv C CT ' OCT en satisfaction the Department will con tinuc in command. The troops now in Florida are the thin regiment of artillery, sixth and sevenll regiments of infantry. The third artillery having been much reduced will be sent tc onrl Ko VdllAr nrJ * tii#? fiiv Hit? UUlUly UJ1U uv iVI4V? ?'T UIV 1U./ artillery, which lias been recruited and i: now full. The companies of the secont dragoons that arrived at New York in the spring being now full also, will return tc Florida; and the regiments of infantry wil remain. It is intended to drive the enemy out oj the settlements by occupying the country within and north of a line drawn from Pilatka>to the north of the Withlacoochee includiug Fort King, thence along the western coast to the Appalachicola; ant by maintaining posts as low down as the mouth of the Withlacoochee. The inhabitants will be armed, and the defence of their firesides and neighborhoods con tided to them, with such assistance from the regulars as occasion may call for.? The posts on the Atlantic coast and al TainDa Bav will be continncd, with suck others as the commanding General may find expedient. Experience having mournfully proved the impracticability of forcing the Indians from their swamps and hammocks, sc familiar to them but inaccessible to us, nc further attempts will at present be made: leaving time and the gradual spread of the settlements the occomplishment of an object unattainable by arms. The reports so extensively circulated, of conferences between the Secretary ol War and Major Generals Macomb an 1 Scott, are entirely without foundation? no such conferences having been held.? Equally unfounded is that of sending teem thousand troops to Florida; if all our regulars, now out. of the territory, were taken from their present station-, they would not amount to the number named. The northern, northwestern and south western frontiers are quite as mucli exposed, and stand as much in need ol defence, as does the territory of Florida, There has been no design entertained heretofore of sending tire eighth infantry tr Florida, its presence being considered essentia! to th'o maintenanee of neutrality on the borders of Canada. Th.c 4th ar tillory will he stationed between Cleveland Ohio, and Fort Gratiot; and the second artillery will ho divided between Fori Xiagara and Buffalo. It is believed that some additional smal vessels will he built or purchased, ant! sent to the coast of Florida, to proven' depredations by the Indians upon wrecked vessels and their crews. Connected with the foregoing remarks a retrospect of recent events in Florid* will not he inappropriate. During the last session of Congress ar appropriation of 85000 was ma?1e 'ibi the purpose of holding a treaty with t!u Seminole Indians." In virtue of that ap propriation General Macomb was sent, u Florida; and bcln'i the General in Chic of the army, it was thought that his rani would have more weight and influence with the Indians than a civilian conk have. General M. held conferences will some of the chiefs, and finally entered in to an agreement (there was no writtei treati/) Cliito Tustenuggee, the acknowl " ? ? n _ _ edged successor ot Arpmcat, or soan Jones; (the latter, it is understood, ha: never held or exercised any military com mand, but stands in the light of a conn seller among his tribe.) One of the stipu lalions of this agreement was the cstab lishmcnt of a trading post, near the moutl of the Synabcl river. The mission o Col. Ilarney, to cany into effect this sti pulation, the surprise of his party, tlx massacre of a portion and the escape o the rest, are familiar to all. Sam Jonci and his tribh were at the time in the vi cinify of Fort Lauderdale, distant abou 100 miles, and have not only denied ai participation in or knowledge cf the mas sacre, but up to the latest advices continix to manifest a neutral disposition aixl at intention to abide by the agreement madi with Gen. Macomb. The approaching campaign then wil Mortibn mr?rn of a defensive than offensivi character, as it will be confined to driving the Indians from the settled portions o Florida, where they have committed dc predations almost without check. It hav ingbecn found impossible to force the In dians from their fastnesses, any furthe. attempt to effect that object would onh be attended with a needless sacrifice o life and money. These remarks were prepared for the C'hro niele of October 2t; but since they were written information has been received which rendcisit in expedient to withdraw the 1st artillery at preset! from the Canada frontier. The third will therefor remain in Florida, until the exigencies ot thc^er vice .it other noiuts will allow of d reliev.itiiegb f? , TSS CAMDEN, SATURDAY, DEC. 7, 1633. OUR PROSPECTS. jH i Wo did not, when wo Issued tlio Prospectus tho publication of this paper, expect to make a - ginning, until we obtained a sufficient number of . subscribers to ensure its continuation; we have how- .JHB - ever, been advised by our friends, and have thought|^M . it expedient oursolvcs, to issue this number, believ-^ JH . ing tiiat there arc many, who have not yet placed ' ^B their names upon our subscription list, who -wo>?)i^-J j be very unwilling that Camden should continue aij j longer without a regular newspaper. m The citizens of our town have been put to a great ^ inconvenience during the past year, in consequen _ of this deficiency and we are persuaded that < will eventually all of them sustain us. Tbos ' J tho district generally, must fool ihe importance such a publication, and will not we trust neglect tt^^H ' mmn frirtvnnl (Vir ils Riinnnrt. A? fin ' medium alone, a weekly newspaper is absolutely nc1 cessary in a place of this size. At least in all other places they scorn to he so considered; for there is not, f I that we arc aware of, a town or villago in thu^^H r United States, where thcro is even half the trndo^^^H 1 which wo have, that is without a publication of thi^^Bfl ,! kind, so that to our merchants and their customcrs^^H > i as a means of communication in this departr.icnt|^^B 1 we think they will be promoting their own intcrcsts^^B ? at leait as much as ours, by giving the Journal a. ^H| . liberal support. Besides the useful information con. , tabled in that lino, wb shall use our utmost cndca. vors to make iist columns otherwise interesting. Wc 1 ! : would a?urc the public, however, that wc have not Bj j fully determined upon the publication of this paper, jU i nor will not, until, as wc at iirst stated, Vc shall have " : a subscription list which will warrant the cipcnse of H '' tlic undertaking. We flatter ourselves, however, that ^Hj | it will not k; long before the Journal will be able to ^B| 1 make its regular wccklVyVisit, under such circumstnn'ccs as will ensure its permanency. We cannot be' Iievc tlic public spirit of our citizens will suffer the 1 effort now making for its revival to fail. (L7' Wo have not had an opportunity, since we i Issued our prospectus, to see all of those who wcro formerly subscribers to tlic Journal, and ascertain whether, or not, they desired its continuance, and if is not very likely that we shall have such opportunity* All that we have seen have renewed their subscriptions, and it is very probable that all, or nearly flfl { will desire to do so. To ascertain tiiis fact * | out the inconvenience which would olherwis< ! it, we have sent the present number : Journal to many of the old subscribers who havc^^^^B ; ordered it. If they wish to continue their subscrip.^^B 1 j lions they can retain the paper now sent, if not they ^B| > > will oblige us by returning it immediately, that vo , ' j may know the result. ! j We do not pursue this course from choice, for v\y I 1 arc opposed to any mode, which has the appear#* ' j ance of forcing our paper on individuals, who donot^ _ , i want it, hut circumstances lender any other way oft ? ascertaining the wishes of those ttf wliom it is thus \ ; i \ ' II sent, within any reasonable period, -impracticable.? ^ ! We hone tlicrcfore tlicv will excuse the liberty we \ I' have taken. \? Bdixkss.?Our town has exhibited a very lively /V 1 aspect for some days in the way of business, a largo J 1 I number of wagons lad. n with cotton flour &.c. fillj ing the streets daily; how profitable it may turn out | j for our merchants we will not venture to prodiet; I j we may say however to our planting friends that low r j as tlicy consider the price of our staple article cot. v ' ; ton, that we think the early price will prove tho ' I better one. LEGISLATIVE PROCEEDINGS. I:i our Legislature, nothing of any importance h: yet boon definitively acted on. A great number of ' presentments, memorials and petitions have been sub- H initted and referred to the various committees, but j few reports have been made on any of the subjects -1 under consideration. A number of Bills have been ) ] introduced, some of them of considerable importanci'^^Hj f i but as they arc ) et in the hands of the committei v to wliich they have boon referred, and we can fom^^H| 2 no idea of what if likely to be their fate', a mor^^^B 1 particular notice is unnecessary- The Banks ) occupy a large sharo of the attention of the . laturo, but we have no moans of judging wt^^HB^^H -j ' sures will be adopted; none have been relation to any other than the Bank of ! On Saturday last Mr. Mcmingor, from I joint committee appointed at tho last Legislature, to examine and report on 1 and inanagenient of the Bank of the State^^^^^^^^B , Carolina, submitted a report and rcsolution^^^^Hfl^H were made the special ordor of the day *1 The report recommends the prohibiting long 1 dation loans; the loan of monoy on bonds; lolMH^^^| ' incorporated trading companies; and to prohibit tn^^^B * Bank from trading in Stock. A number of olkc^^^B 2 minor matters arc noticed. Its fate of course i^^^B I yet unknown. It will be opposed on the ground S it will throw tlio fundi of the Bank too much iota JB the hands of the commercial community, as it pot poses to prohibit those loans which have heretofore ^B 1 been most useful to the farmers and planters. 2 Temperance Meeting.?At a meeting of tho Herj shaw District Temperance Society held > list Church ou 3 Ion day evening last, an cit-cu^^^n | took place for officers for the ensuing year. Jol^^^H . C. West was rc.elcctcd President; V/. E. IIiigl.so^^^B and Win. Carlisle Vice Prcsidonts. Messrs- A, " Kennody, W. C. Workman, and W. J. Gerald s rectors; the Pastors of Baptist, Presbyterian sfl I ^. Methodist churches are also ex-officio members " ; the Board of Directors. After the election t^^H| " Vice President Mr. Carlisle was called to the - while the meeting was addressed by J. C. West I* the importance and necossity of lcgisla tive cn^H^H * ments for abolishing tipling shops. The f 31. Breaker also addressed tho meeting upon The Rivcr.?We have now a suffi to atlbrd the usual facilitivs^^^B^^^^^^BH . tion, and we are in daily expectation t rah; supplies which havo ber-i on the rrvcr c 1 July last. Our rivcr during r?.ost of the summer . I fall, exhibited, as Prentice "tys of the Ohio, ratnl^^Jfl ' more bottom than pj/rcd.