Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

li % VOLUME V. 0Wi?B???B??3BBB3?BMEBM EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. TERM S: If paid within three months, . . $3 00 It paid within three monthB after the telose ofthe year, 3 50 If paid within twelve months after the . close of the year, - . . -_.t 4*00 If not paid within that time, . . 5 00 ? Two new subscribers will be entitled to the ' paper the first year for five dollars, paid at the time of suhsaribing , and five new subscribers '? *? >? iht limft af subscribing1. lor (enNiwi? |?K4 ? ...? -j- - ? No paper to be discontinued but at the option' of the editor till arrearages are paid. ~ Advertisements not exceeding sixteen lines, inserted for one deifar the first time, and fitly cents, eacluuxbeequent ins ;rtion. Persons sending in advertisements tire rcqtiest x. Lo 'specify the number of times they aro to be inserted; otherwise they will be continued till ordered oat, and charged accordingly. ITT he Postage must be paid ou all commutes tions. . . BBMARXS ON THE RINGING OF FRUIT TREES. Ringing a tree cuts off the part operated upon from the circulation of the sap, and necessitates it to subsist principally on the nourishment which the leaves derive from the air. 'We will not say in what respects . this nourishment differs from that which the ^ tree derives from its roois ; b it vye will re. mark that nature provides abundance of leaves for these buds which she intends to produce flowers. Peach and upricot trees will not bear ringing, because they always pioduce their fruit on the young wood ; and the vine still less, because it bears on the growing shoot Ringing does not advance the fruct ficution of either plum trees or young cherry trees ; and it is apt to produce the gum in old trees of tho latter species, as the wound is a long time before it henls. Apple trees shrivel abovethe ring ; and, if they live, they do not soon bear any fruit. Th? pear fee thus .remains the-only species oI fruit tree on which the operaion ol ringing can be practised with advantage. Ringing may be performed at any season, but it only produces its full effect when undertak* n in the spring, at the first appearance of the movement of the sap, and us soon as the bark begins to crack. The wound ought not to be wider th in ihe thick, ness of the blade of a knife, if it is desired that it should heal before the end of the season. The operation ought to be performed j on a side branch which is rather stronger and mote elevated ibun its neighbors ; or one which is bodly placed, and which, in the L end, may be removed without disfiguring , tin tree. A tree will not bear ringing either round the truak or round tho leading shoot, unless there should by chance be a second leader, and one may be removed without injury, Tim tr*A which has had its trunk opera? ?VW ted upon it in danger of cither perishing, or remain ng a long time in u sickly state ; and, after it has recovered its health, is sterility will be more durable than if it hud never undergone the operation. - If a branch is ringed too close to its bas \ ^ or the point where tl is inserted into the trunk, it will be in danger of being beaten down by the wind, or broken by the weight of fruit. A good place is o.t a quarter f the length of the bough, and beyond other side shoots, the eyes of which w ill also gen. i crslly produce fruit, i The upper lip of the wound swells consi- i derably, and the more so according as the i ring has been broad, or the season far ad. i vanced. This tumefact:on of the bark is i partaken of by the wood ; and the formation of this tumor proves thai it is principally by the descent of (he sap, which has been elaborated in the leaves, that the tree increases in girt. It rarely happens that a pear tree, operated upon when it has attained the age forbearing, does nor go into flower the same year that the operation is performed. There are, however cases in which the repugnance of a tree to flower resists the efficacy of this method ; these occur withal! drooping trees, and whenever the wood is hard and rough; and, when at last trees of ibis description do chow flowers, it is upon another branch ra thnn on that w Inch has been operated illWI % ? W%. m upon. The eye which is conslrnined by ringing . to form its flowers prematurely, is of the aame description as a similar eye springing from thu young wood : the flowers, in both cases, are very liable to drop off; and the fruit, when it becomes ripe, is deficient in color. The fruit of a branch operated upon, if it comes to any thing, owes its strength to .the state of suffering of tho bough which bore it ; is unequal in bulk, very often small, worm-eaten, dry, cracked, grittv, and of hii excessive sweetness, which it obtains at the expense of its juice. The fruit should be reduced, by thinning, to a very small num. ber if it is wished that they should attain perfection. jp. The new properly which I have discovered to belong to ringing is that it causw s the eyes of branches which have not undergono the operation, to ffower also ; and that iheso are almost always immediately opposite to the branches which have been operated upon, or a little above those branches. Thore is not a single case known where this effect has not boon produced, though till no one has remarked this excellent property, which is itself sufficient to prove the advantage, and perpetuate ihe practice, of ringing ; bo. cause it not only makes the wounded brauches produce fruit, but by throwing those branches into bearing that aro not mutilated, it ensures a fertility to tho tree which is not likely to b? soon interrupted. ji jv d c i CHERi1 Another mode of bringing fruit tr? in o bearing 's, to lake a ring of bark frm some of ihe principal roots, at a litile dij tance from the trunk. The ring ought t be more or )<*ss broad, uncording to th iht&kness of the root. Th" operation ma be performed at any season, in April o May, as well as in August or Septembei - n... Ulthou? there ueing any rcasuii iu ic?. ... extravnstation of sap, which is so pr^jud cial to the tree when the toots are prunne in the spring. A year, however, is gaine when the operation is p rformed ea rly ii the season. There is no occas on to eppl any dressing or covering to the wound : ii fact, tlvre is * no occasion to do any thinj more than to draw the" earth round the trei and to tread it down firpdy with the feel If theroots are not ringed all round the tre? the opposite side to that on which the incis ion has been made will bear fruit; whic coincides with the effect produced by ring ing on the branches, and denotes a physia logical fact which has not been hithorto no ticed. The wound heals so ftpidlv, that ii about a year no traces of it can be diseove ered, except a few wrinkles in the bark. excrescence is forim-d, und no other root are sent out, either from the lips of th wound, or above or below it; at leaar, now that can be supposed to have been occas ioned by the incision. The root operatei upon appears, indeed, less likely to sendou suckers than any of its neighbors. Tin fruit does not. in the slightest degree, par ticipaie in the state of disease or sufferinj in the tree, which has thrown ii into bear ing. Tho wood of the shoot below the incisioi hursts almost always from the bark, or th< lips of the wound : this wood is of the kin< e.ilh'd false ; and the buds of it ought to b 1 ?* ? !*'*? Anyone QB nrp ruuoeu on ussuun u? mcj serving tfrs wood can only injure the bark and retard rhe healing of the wound. The pi incip il object of ringing ought t< be, not to throw known varieties prema lurely into fruit, or to make trees bear 01 which other resources may be resorted t< in order to produce the sumo eflecl(such hi shortening the largest roo:s. pruning thetrei nfer the sap lias risen, dir.) ; but to forci young seedhng plants to show early the ba< or good quality of their fruit, it mus' however, be used cautiously, as it -sortie times does injury instead of good, and whet applied to the side branch of an espalier, i produced no other effect than that of ren during wood sterile which was before onlj backward in bearing. Ringing never produces a marked efTec on the ( rtiliiy of u branch more than once if repeuted he following year, it more fre. quendy produces sterility, than a continue lion of hearing. The mode in wh;ch ringing affects a trei is precisely similar to the effect producet U.. '"inn /Iik..p mnrtiio r\f uilfTrinCT wtlicll an l#JT lliuijjr UI'K liiuuv/a w I ouu fw ? _ employed to throw tre? s into'bearing: sucl us bending the tree, breaking or twisting tlx branches, transplanting, &c., and itshouh only be employed with one branch at a tim?' it cannot be applied to several branches a once, without disfiguring, and probablj ruining the tree. Gardener's Magazine. RAINY DAYS ON A FARM. * Many p ople look upon the business n farming, as a very simple affair, adapted tr the meanest capacity, and not requiiiuj much etther of reflection or forecast; am in the way it is pfien conducted, it must b? udmi ted, such a supposition is i.ot very wid? of the truth .* but a farmer who takes t pride in his occupation, and rogurls it, ai every one should, as an intellectual pursud makes if of u very d fiferent business. On every branch of it h? makes inquir; and bestows thought?Not an operation i performed that he does not ask himself tb question, whv is. this done ?t this tine? and in this matin r? Not an implement i used in lite operation that he does not ex amino the ma erials and structures, to se if it not be practicable to attain greate economy, strength, durability or efficiency in the one or the other. Suppose t.is manager to suggest, or the the custom of the neighborhood is, to ploug for corn in autumn, ho will naturally ast wht is this lan i, which is now, in a more c less degree, covered with some sort c grass or herbage, to b" broken up and ex nn??l. to have its body alternately thawe ? 7' and its soil to be washed into the valleys b melting snows and rains, especially a* i other cas' S it is admitted, that few thin" improve poor land sootier than euvrin and keeping it warm; by stacking hay on or otherwise ! Tnis single inquiry will lea to multifarious investigations- an i mur reading ; and so as to the b?st form of c ?ltl and other dom estic animals, and tin* bei mcnner and principles of breeding, rearm and fattenning them/ with questions inui merahlc, that require him to make'a coir parison of opinions and practices?< breeds, of climates, of means, of inarke &c. So that instead of farming being a unintelleciunl pursuit, there is not or perhaps in the scope of human ernploymen that opens a wid r field for diversify reading, careful comparison und scientif research. No situation in life where fon< ncss of books, and a habit of mental exe cise, conduce more to iufellectu d enjo ment, as well as to practical success?VV it! out these resources, by which alone, v were going, impiously to say, man is elev ted above the brute, how is he to dispose the long nights of winter, and the rainy da; of all seasons ? in towns he can have r conrse oyster-cellars and the giming-tabl in the ^xeitemcDi of liquor and of play, b a E R W J. iw SnTITFT-nAKOTilVA m. w v t - ;s coming careless alike of his family and his 11 own dignity. In the country it is not easy i to find such relief or indulgence for ignor0 ancn nnd sensuality. Many there are it e must he admitted, and most successful far* y mers too., whose opportunities have, unfor. r tunately, not been such as to admit of intelt, lectual cultivation, t'eni< d the blessing of e educa'ion, they enjoy not the pleasures, nei. i. ther do they possess the tastes that education d only ran generate; but if such men tjecome d | conspicuous by force of method and Indus. 11 try. whaftmay wo not suppose they would y achieve for themselves and the community, 1 if to thgge exemplary qualities and habits, ; they united the rudiments of various knowl? edge, and the principles of the sciences apt. phcable jp their business, with the power of ?, analysis and investig^tioff wfileh they imi part ? Suppose you could combine in the h same person, the natural energy, sagacity ' and experience ofa Crawford or a Tucker, >- with the scientific attainments of Sir Hum* - phrey Davy? Yoi/ woujd then have men n to go ahead in the salutary and honorable - race of agricultural competition, as old o .Billy Johnson rtoes on the turf?toith Ats thur Taytar at his heels ! Q "* * * * * e It is bis duty to think before hand and i* provhie work "suitabj" for all hands for d rainy days, so that every mother's son and it daughter too shall escape the curse which is ~ * ? u-k/? itnnI fhii I b announces agmiiM iumn ?* > . Ul i.,u . bread of idleness." Ins'ead of having no 5 occasion for forethought, in what business or profession is then? so much ? The doc. J tor has but to keep ou hand a good supply f a of powders and elixirs?to have his horse in e the stable, his calomel ready, and his lancet i bright?and for the rest, to put his trust in e Providence for a sickly season?With the - mechanic and bis "Trades' Union" and i'? , ten-hour svs ern, all is plain sailing?The mariner has but to keep one rye on his a compass and the other ons the heavens, s'anding ready to shorten or make i sail, and fearing no surprise?while tffe j farmer has to be constantly and anxiously s looking abend 'osee that his work does not e drive t.me, instead of driving his work?f His wheat must l>" sowed?Ins corn planted f ?his grain harvested?and his tobacco, as , well as his bogs?bis bulls?bis lambs and - his pigs must all be rut at the right time, as i must his sheep b** yenned and sheared?hi* t hogs littered, and put up and killed?All | should be so contrived, systematically, and i for reasons to com" about at the right time, neither too soon nor too late. But wo are t again straying from the point in hand.?n ; This general and constant care and n?ces shy for before hand cultivation, will be ad.. milled by all, and as a general rule it would perhaps be well for the young farmer, in* l* stead of consulting the almanac and the J moon for the time of doing'his and that, to lay it down as a governerning principle i to do every thing n li'de sooner than his e neighbors. In that case h? will have the - - r. Lt J pleasure of pushing his worn dpiuhj mm, ; as a good housawife has her negroes clot ties l spun ancJ wove, and their stockings knit; k and her candles dipped, and her lard ren. dered before Christmas. But what we meant, in the beginning, was to deprecate fh;r short-sighted management under which the force on the farm, is often caught with, f out appropriate and profitable employment > for a rainy day. The farmer or manager I who is thus caught napping, deserves to be ' pun shed as the N"W England puritan was * wont to he, under the blue laws, for spitting * in chuMi?In; should 44be made to stand f ?r I an hour with his tongue in split stick." It s should bo his care, let the d ?y of rain come * when it may, to hive in-doors work pre. pared, such as is adapted to the age and i capacity ofevery worker on the farm. For s some tie mayjiave corn o shell?for others l- wool to be curded and spun?for o'hers ' tobacco to s' rip. or stakes to sharpen, in an s ouN.house or shod out of tlie weather, or n * stable or poul ry.house, (which by-the.bye e every farmer ough: to have,) to be sawed, r or flax to be broke or swingled, or grain to > Ixi thrashed, or seed to be rubbed or bea en out, or meat to be hung up?hoes and ax?-s II to he helved and ground, yokes arid bows to be made and mended, while-washing hi L' doors of all the negro h ?ushs and stables. r with various oiher things, which require ^ that the materials, &c? be prepared and in ?- ? ,?:.i?. i r..? * place, reauy i?r uso wunuui ium ui ..wU., ^ for time is money, and us poor Richard )' sniili, ho who is always c tiling "time M enough," always has little enough," Til" Is good housewife can suggest something in K iter department, rather tiian lot any body 11 be-idle. Thus, without recourse t<? ill-bu(* mor, to cards, the dice box or the bo'tle, to ' keep oiTthe blue devils, ill:* most busv and 'e he most profitable days, may bo the raivy sf days on a farm. ? Amprican Farmer. i. j From the Cultivator, jf OHEAP STEAMER FOR RO' Ti. ts The best and cheapest apparatus for it) steaming roos, &e. wo have yet seen, is je made, bv putting to a box ot the required ts dimensions for cook ng or steaming, a hotid torn of sheet iron, and setting this box on ic an arch of brick or stone work allowing J. about four inches of each side of the box to r- rest on the brickwork. Let the b >x be i' made of inch and a half or two inch plank ; h- the sheet iron with a double row of holes ye for nads. secured to the bottom of this, will a. be water tight, and a false bottom made of of a board, nnd perforated with numerous ys holes, with cleats nailed on it to lie on the > iron bottom, and prevent the roots burning Ic, on it, completpj tne' steamer. Wo have c-1 have used one made on this principle, fix ft " V far ^ 1 ' ? A! * ? ' i or B o / V-.. 4 i?W??^????^i? ?g?Mi FRIDAY, MAY 29, 840. ? <4 soveralyears, nnd know ofno plan whicl will cook food with equal rapidity an< cheapness. Our steamor holds 15 bushels and the fuel required is but a trifle. MR. SILLIMAN's SPEECH, Delivered at the First Agricultural Meeting held in Boston, Jan. 13, 1840. After Mr. Webster closed, Mr. Sillimai began by remarking that he was taken whol Jy by surprise, nothing having been farthe from his tliougfrts than to say any thing or this occasion. Indeed after the remarki from the honorable gentleman who had jus spoken, to which he had, in common wit! others, the ploasftre of listening, -.hero wai little that need be said by any one. Or occasion so gratifying as the present and offering objects of inquiry olid discus, sion so highly important and interesting, h< could not, hoacver withhold the expressior of his own personal interest in the case nnc what lutle aid might be derived from hii concurrence. In the statement relating to Brit sh hus bandry, made by the honorable gen lemai who preceded him and in the impression? which that gentlem in had gathered fro m his observation of rural and agricultur? life in England, he express d li s entii* assent and sympathy. In a visit man\ years siti? e made by himsclfto England, hi derived from similar though far less p< rfc opportunities of observation, grout pleasure, and he left the country more than thirtv years ago, with a strong admiration for t'n ?.*?rnordinurv ininrovem -nts and advance? I ? , | made in this great art, in that active pupul. ' ous and intelligent community. TV British nation had lon/Vnce srrivec at the conviction, which experience atn further inquiry had served only to eonfi rr ai.d strength'* I, that science in all its infix enr? s might, lend a most suhs anfial aid t( ajjrirutuie. Tney tnen-for? have Inrgel) availed themselves of its aid in the chemica examination of sods and manures, with s view io ascertain their uses and correctives. The popular impressions formerly enter, tamed, that lit le was to b** gained in agriculture by the application of science, are in i measure removed. Notning could hav< less foundation hi reason or fact. The- advantages of the judicious application o knowledge to art, are every where obvious, All iho arts of life have their foundation ir knowledge; and all 'h'.* improvements of me. chunism from a wh'tdbarrow to a ohrononv eter, are due to science and m'-chanica philosophy I will lie found true in relatior to every thing counseled with human im provemeut and comfort, even in the com. monest department of life, the more knowl edge i ho hotter. Inquires into the nature of soils, are o! great impor ance ; and in respect to man) soils no w either wholly unproductive or un congenial to certain crops, science may enI rtKl.% ?? /? nn?\ltf tkit nivi.Man i*ir nlto?nnt mol #111': UO iu cpji'jf in'- iiw jom^ i?i|' iiiut'ivi or correctives. Although we cannot fnbri cate in a laboratory the soils of a country, we can discover their composition und as certain their deficiencies ; rlie deficient in gredent may be supplied, and although i should be in small quantities, it may be dnn< in a form that may be generally practicable and may essentially change the character o a soil. The honorable gentleman has, withou doubt truly assigned the causes of the mild I ness of the climate of western Europe, nut especially of Great Britain ; and he has in dicaied with equal clearness and truth (Ik causes of the comparative coldness of tin Eastern countries of North America. If this connexion it may be remaikcd that tlx western countries of this continent enjoy t climate far milder than the eastern. The climate of these western countries i: affecteJ by their position in Ma'ion to th< vast Pacific ocean, which produces an efiec similar to that of the Atlantic ocean "por Europe, but in afar greater degree. Thus the climate corresponds to a considerable de 1 P.I 1 ..re.. grC6 Willi linn oi me western snuics uj r<u rope. Irs milJn?-ss is surh ihat ilie plon^l may be driven nearly or quite through tin whole year. Its temperature is, perhaps considerably ,affected by its geological for mation, ond by the extensive rungo of vol canoes, which stretch along its shores, an< some of which are still breathing forth thci internal heat. Here every thing is on i vast scale ; and the agricultural product; will at no distant day* hecomo abundant am highly important. We cannot indeed alte the climate of a country ; but wo mav ii same measure aceommoda e our husbandry to its p-cjlia itms an-l vana i ?ns. The larger portion of the soils of Nov England as sta < d by the hor.orafcla gentlf man, is undoubtedly derived from granit uu I o'her primary rocks ; nnd many of th red sandstone soils, sucb as tnosn in the ne ghborhood ofN"W Haven, are in fact com posed of llie principles found in granu rocks. Argillaceous soils, or those whic are dcrved chiefly from the dccompositio of argillaceous or clay slate, abound like wise ui m*ny parts of N?-w England and i Massachusetts, an J bcjng retentive of wate ar found highly productive in grass an grains. A considerable par of the rtufriment. < plants is undoubtedly derived from ihe a iind water or its elements, and constitutes a large por'ion of their food. The compi position of water is now well understoo and we may with safety, in the presence < 1 this intelligent assembly, speak in technic terms of ihe constituent parts of water, hj ; drogenand oxygen, which enter large i into all vegetables. Carbon, which Lr u fl!so a large part fo ott plants, though it 8*m p 5K E< Jci JL B / Z $R. * " L j ' '# : i?mil i p? li in comparatively small proportions in the1 J form of carbonic acid gas in the air, is vol derived from innumerable sources and supplied to tlie growing vegetables in aVund. ance. The effect of li^ht irpon the green leaves of plants is to decompose the carbon. ' - 1- I I .J . > ic acid ana me car nan is ausoruea 10 nourish the plant and the oxygen is envolved into the air ; thus it separates from the at. 1 mosphere an important element of nutrition, * supplying it in the form of food for the r pliiUtS. 1 Mr. Silliman farther alluded to tho curi} oua (act iu the constitution of noture, that 1 noiwiihsanding the suporior density or spe1 cific gravity of carbonic acid gas, it being 1 much greuter than that of the elements of 1 which the atmosphere is composed, it is < * nevertheless found in abundance in the - elevated regions of dhe-earth-and-^even on ' ' high and barren mountains contributes rn J an important d<'greo to the support of plants i and of treeg. If the air and water afford, I 1 the most important elements of plants, it i may be asked, what then is the use of the soil 1. I s first use is to furnish a point of- I 1 support in which tfie plant can fix itself; ' nut it doubtless contains many things which < ' water serves to dissolve, and Isold "in solu- < t on, that they .may be taken up by tiie i plonts. He expressed his b? lief that in mOst i of the soils in Now EnglanJ and in Mussa < chusetts, the principal element wanting is < l ino. This abounds ip the western district I ' of New York, and renders those lands, as m Gennesee for example, on the magnifi- 1 f cent fann of Mr. Wadsworth, cx'.raordina' rilv productive in wheat. I Toe addition of lime to our own soils, he i . considered of great importance. Our sea- I J. shores abound in shells, whose base is lime, and which are capable, by being burnt, of ' being converted into the best of lime. New I Haven, the town of his own residence, I ' abounds in oysters, both natives and those . that in great numbers a re colonized there 1 from Virginia. The shells are burnt for 1 manure and applied to the land. The soil of New Haven and its vicinity is derived ' frona a species of red sandstone ; but this was composed- of the elements of granite, quartz, mica and feldspar, the rninsofgraninc and other primary rocks. 1 . An interest in agriculture is now awake. ned in Cunneoiicut, which promises the most ' valuable results-; and improvement in cuhi. 1 vauon are rapidly advancing. He agreed ; in the es imution of the Commissioner, of . ltrJianc'Orn. One hundred bushels had been repeateJIy produced in New Haven upon an acre. A catde show and agricultural and horticultural fair have been- hoWen in New Haven annually for several years?the last ' autumn in particular, with a spirit which e-. P vinc*d the lively interest taken in the subject ; and he had the pleasure on that occasion of seeing ono hundred yoke of very fine oxen from East Haven, attached to a plough, .uud the plsugn holden by a venerable man ' of ninety-six years of age, who laid a furrow ; along the public square. fn his own opinion, there was no occasion, | in an agricultural point of view, to despair of Massachusetts or any part of New Eug* . J land. There wcro no evils or disadvantage es connecte I with the climate or soil, which j. could not l>e met and overcome. It was a great and lamentable error ihwt so many of } our young men deserted the pursuits of *a* gricultural to crowd into tlie trades ofcittes. " He inverted again to-the value und'importanreof chemical knowledge to ogricul* ture. The analysis ofmanures wa3 a-sub. [ yet ofgreat and indispensable importance. The knowledge obtained from geological and agricultural surveys and chemical investigations, could.not betooh:ghly osiimaled ; and the Smtecould expend no money to more advantage than in procuring them. * This patronage should not be withdrawn or ' withheld ; nnd the withholding of it could a. rise only from a want of a just appreciation 1 of the value of these branches of j^ke. 4 fl ' alluded with muchjflttcci to twRBPIumented Judge Buel* JRRrskill in the science and application of manures was a just subject of eulogy, and whose success in converting a portion of the barren and unprom' ising soil in the vicinity of Albany into fertile and unproduct.ve fields, was well known j and honored. lie pressed the importance of a Board of} J Agriculiare, and congratulated Massachus set s u^on the spirit and liberality with which j site had regarded the improvement of her husbandry. The suty'*-ct could not receive too much of her concern. It stood second ?*n intprfist. but rhoso of a moral and reli-! ?__ ,gious character, and indeed it might be said v io be nearly allied to them also, since hah its of rural industry are the mo9t favorable e to good morals. The valuo of science, in this case, could not be too highly es imatod. j Here science might be regarded as tho eye, , and practical skill the hand, .by which this great art was to be carried forward to per. Ij lection. i' , Froui the Carolina Planter. * To Ihe Editor of the Carolina Planter: j Jf SIR:? id While I acknowledge the true and proper intention of an agricultural J .urno: jo be t ie excitement of zeal in husbandry, and jr ihe diffusion of knowledge on the subject, a by the publiculion of individual experience, 3. and th? suggestions of science, I think, j rj nevertheless, that great good may be done uf by one who aims to restnyn the first sought rt| efiect, or at all events to divrrt its pursuit i ^ into a prudent and humine channel, jy Nj apprehension need he entertained of the over success of phikintbrnpis's, who i aim to inculcate moral truths?u? promote I I m. ' NUMBER 29.' '-- A~Si ' " ? y' * ' % ... " the.practice of forbearing and self-denying cliariries^although their re ward is represent, ed to be Paradise i self; hut at*oil limes in the history of the world, (and not the less so in this 19th century,) it has been, and ia lamentably the fact, thai all means for ihe advancement of pecuniary . interest havo been employed to excess ; and that genef* al benevolence and future good have been too oflen sacrificed to present profit. We of the present day are not only Utilf* tartans in the extreme sense of the term, but ull our operations arc required to give immediate results?it being regarded too Qinxotishly disinterested and patriotic, so to improve the homes of our farthers and selves, that they may be the same to our* children ; or to advocate fucit a system of hltsbandry as wilt prevent our State from b^Coming ^'cleared and barren desert.?* Sforatf of your corre^otnteots urge against t my view, that children rarely reside where their fathers did before them-^end that Ih seeking the more fertile- regions of the West, ihey leave the expensively improved family estates to indifierepi strangers. But I maintain that the improv ident management jf their plantations by fathers, is one?the shief reason why their children doemigrate, and sacrifice all those comforts and refine?? ments^hc appurtenances and effect of * stationary society, for the semi-civilizition afn new country, and a heterogenous collection?not a society, of men drafted firoiri various sections of-the country, und grades of rank. \Y ho would not prefer that his son should reside where his ancestors*had resided?amorigst the friends of his father and grand. f.iliAii _ _ Uama )f inrlfnd Kit l/vti,? ftftiinrlahitt iauicr~uotuiiic niiiuivu-uj > . ?and the companions of Ilia school days, with whom lie had ofi" paid't i'tfie burn, frao morning shn til! dine with all iho appliances of geutue! comfort, and inceiitifes to refinement, than to have him plunge into the ru le wilderness, to contend with and be* come assimilated to mere adventurers of fortune ? Bet'cr that lie remain in the oue condition, with competence and a well pre. served plantation, than subject himself to thu other, with the additional amount of wealth?which was at once the cause and effect of the ruin of his nativity. What is the true value of property ? Is it to stimulate the pecuniary appetite which it ouglit to appease ! To destroy the con., tent incut which it ought not to perfect ? To lead one from the refinement and civili. zation?from the courtesies and charities oflife, which it ought tocreuteand foster? If we were destitu e and rude, we perhaps would covet wealth for the purpose of secu* rbg to ourselves and children the very men. lal and mora! perfection, and buddy com. forts, which many who are possessed of that wealth, consider it expedient to barter for the indefinite and useless enhancement of tnat wealth. Sam S iek say,11 zealous and undivided attention, bestowed upon one pursuit, will in ninety-nine times in a hundred, ensure sue* cess." And I say "that faithful and i cono. t I..'. 1 ... . ?: i 1. ^ ... ,i m:o i nusuanury wiu ucsiow upon i;s uu?;w or ft fair competence, or?d retain bis patri. monial estate unimpaired fur his children, upon almost any soil comprised wiihio thy limits of our State. And by long dwelling upon any spo', a people may become attached to it above oil ftu'ry pictured lands, nnd really enjoy a hop. piticss in their long culiirated .socio) inter* course, worth fur more th in all that debt, speculation, and Bowie-knives, can impart. ' Is there in the whole world a MJcub more dull?monotonous?-uninterwing?than the flat and pinny regions of'he soiphera aeaboard ? I have rtad of the trackless deserts of the eastern world. 1 have heard of ihe rolling, seulikd praises of our own extensive Weat?and I have travelled over many a weary mile of varied county, from Mount Washington?bleak New Hampshire's pride, to the.flowery savannahs of votopta?.?*? i '" a! no f>?Vil f 2ar\i?i0in^?n mLllfi) I i?AR. UU) vsaivi Ilk* UIIVJ ?ir?-^vij ( uv?fess I have never conceived a scene which I thought so lailu exciting and striking,? I Speak not is fertility, for it iaoki not iha\ so much us beauty of landscape to arrest the eye and a'tach the ftjfar', On the other hand f have n?aji of Spar* la's martyr bands; of Koman pride and love of coun'ry ; of the hardy dauntless Swiss, whoso love of their sterile ruggnd home is a bye word, and and a theme-in. spiring to the great Scott himself; of Poland, who, for the patriotism and valor of her sons, has become a military watchword on the eve of butt to : But I have never known a land more loved?more valued. ?than a spot in thatregom that I woe'of, by tho3W*who claim if as their present liome their father's birth-place. Aud why is this 1 Born to competence which their ancestors, by undivided, single, mmded industry, had obtained from the moderate soil?inheriting as a pari of their patrimonv. feelings of locality and aristocracy, ani ,.J v o , rtstrainnJ by the dalliance , of ease an 1 luxury, from exploding Qthcr sections of (he country, ana therefore pe^toating the characteristics of their socia^TO hospitable Huguenot race, they sank voluptuously into n state of contentment. White they heard with feelings of surprise and admiration of the teeming fertility of other sections of our wide domain, not a spark of jealousy mingled therewith, nor was there the least disposition to exchange for such generous so.is, their own swampy or pine-ridge es, tates. What frugality, industry, the thorough cultivation, manuring, and resting of their soil, could not make up of that wealth of I which lh'>y heard, they knew to bo. $j&piy ?