li
%
VOLUME V.
0Wi?B???B??3BBB3?BMEBM
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. .
BBMARXS ON THE RINGING OF FRUIT TREES.
Ringing a tree cuts off the part operated
upon from the circulation of the sap, and necessitates
it to subsist principally on the
nourishment which the leaves derive from
the air. 'We will not say in what respects
. this nourishment differs from that which the
^ tree derives from its roois ; b it vye will re.
mark that nature provides abundance of
leaves for these buds which she intends to
produce flowers.
Peach and upricot trees will not bear
ringing, because they always pioduce their
fruit on the young wood ; and the vine still
less, because it bears on the growing shoot
Ringing does not advance the fruct ficution
of either plum trees or young cherry trees ;
and it is apt to produce the gum in old trees
of tho latter species, as the wound is a long
time before it henls. Apple trees shrivel
abovethe ring ; and, if they live, they do
not soon bear any fruit. Th? pear fee thus
.remains the-only species oI fruit tree on
which the operaion ol ringing can be practised
with advantage.
Ringing may be performed at any season,
but it only produces its full effect when
undertak* n in the spring, at the first appearance
of the movement of the sap, and us
soon as the bark begins to crack. The
wound ought not to be wider th in ihe thick,
ness of the blade of a knife, if it is desired
that it should heal before the end of the season.
The operation ought to be performed j
on a side branch which is rather stronger
and mote elevated ibun its neighbors ; or
one which is bodly placed, and which, in the L
end, may be removed without disfiguring ,
tin tree. A tree will not bear ringing either
round the truak or round tho leading shoot,
unless there should by chance be a second
leader, and one may be removed without
injury,
Tim tr*A which has had its trunk opera?
?VW
ted upon it in danger of cither perishing, or
remain ng a long time in u sickly state ;
and, after it has recovered its health, is
sterility will be more durable than if it hud
never undergone the operation.
- If a branch is ringed too close to its bas \
^ or the point where tl is inserted into the
trunk, it will be in danger of being beaten
down by the wind, or broken by the weight
of fruit. A good place is o.t a quarter f
the length of the bough, and beyond other
side shoots, the eyes of which w ill also gen. i
crslly produce fruit, i
The upper lip of the wound swells consi- i
derably, and the more so according as the i
ring has been broad, or the season far ad. i
vanced. This tumefact:on of the bark is i
partaken of by the wood ; and the formation
of this tumor proves thai it is principally by
the descent of (he sap, which has been elaborated
in the leaves, that the tree increases
in girt. It rarely happens that a pear tree,
operated upon when it has attained the age
forbearing, does nor go into flower the same
year that the operation is performed. There
are, however cases in which the repugnance
of a tree to flower resists the efficacy of this
method ; these occur withal! drooping trees,
and whenever the wood is hard and rough;
and, when at last trees of ibis description do
chow flowers, it is upon another branch ra
thnn on that w Inch has been operated
illWI % ? W%. m
upon.
The eye which is conslrnined by ringing
. to form its flowers prematurely, is of the
aame description as a similar eye springing
from thu young wood : the flowers, in both
cases, are very liable to drop off; and the
fruit, when it becomes ripe, is deficient in
color. The
fruit of a branch operated upon, if
it comes to any thing, owes its strength to
.the state of suffering of tho bough which
bore it ; is unequal in bulk, very often small,
worm-eaten, dry, cracked, grittv, and of hii
excessive sweetness, which it obtains at the
expense of its juice. The fruit should be
reduced, by thinning, to a very small num.
ber if it is wished that they should attain
perfection.
jp. The new properly which I have discovered
to belong to ringing is that it causw s the
eyes of branches which have not undergono
the operation, to ffower also ; and that iheso
are almost always immediately opposite to
the branches which have been operated
upon, or a little above those branches. Thore
is not a single case known where this effect
has not boon produced, though till no one
has remarked this excellent property, which
is itself sufficient to prove the advantage,
and perpetuate ihe practice, of ringing ; bo.
cause it not only makes the wounded brauches
produce fruit, but by throwing those
branches into bearing that aro not mutilated,
it ensures a fertility to tho tree which
is not likely to b? soon interrupted.
ji jv d c i
CHERi1
Another mode of bringing fruit tr?
in o bearing 's, to lake a ring of bark frm
some of ihe principal roots, at a litile dij
tance from the trunk. The ring ought t
be more or )<*ss broad, uncording to th
iht&kness of the root. Th" operation ma
be performed at any season, in April o
May, as well as in August or Septembei
- n...
Ulthou? there ueing any rcasuii iu ic?. ...
extravnstation of sap, which is so pr^jud
cial to the tree when the toots are prunne
in the spring. A year, however, is gaine
when the operation is p rformed ea rly ii
the season. There is no occas on to eppl
any dressing or covering to the wound : ii
fact, tlvre is * no occasion to do any thinj
more than to draw the" earth round the trei
and to tread it down firpdy with the feel
If theroots are not ringed all round the tre?
the opposite side to that on which the incis
ion has been made will bear fruit; whic
coincides with the effect produced by ring
ing on the branches, and denotes a physia
logical fact which has not been hithorto no
ticed. The wound heals so ftpidlv, that ii
about a year no traces of it can be diseove
ered, except a few wrinkles in the bark.
excrescence is forim-d, und no other root
are sent out, either from the lips of th
wound, or above or below it; at leaar, now
that can be supposed to have been occas
ioned by the incision. The root operatei
upon appears, indeed, less likely to sendou
suckers than any of its neighbors. Tin
fruit does not. in the slightest degree, par
ticipaie in the state of disease or sufferinj
in the tree, which has thrown ii into bear
ing.
Tho wood of the shoot below the incisioi
hursts almost always from the bark, or th<
lips of the wound : this wood is of the kin<
e.ilh'd false ; and the buds of it ought to b
1 ?* ? !*'*? Anyone QB nrp
ruuoeu on ussuun u? mcj
serving tfrs wood can only injure the bark
and retard rhe healing of the wound.
The pi incip il object of ringing ought t<
be, not to throw known varieties prema
lurely into fruit, or to make trees bear 01
which other resources may be resorted t<
in order to produce the sumo eflecl(such hi
shortening the largest roo:s. pruning thetrei
nfer the sap lias risen, dir.) ; but to forci
young seedhng plants to show early the ba<
or good quality of their fruit, it mus'
however, be used cautiously, as it -sortie
times does injury instead of good, and whet
applied to the side branch of an espalier, i
produced no other effect than that of ren
during wood sterile which was before onlj
backward in bearing.
Ringing never produces a marked efTec
on the ( rtiliiy of u branch more than once
if repeuted he following year, it more fre.
quendy produces sterility, than a continue
lion of hearing.
The mode in wh;ch ringing affects a trei
is precisely similar to the effect producet
U.. '"inn /Iik..p mnrtiio r\f uilfTrinCT wtlicll an
l#JT lliuijjr UI'K liiuuv/a w I ouu fw ? _
employed to throw tre? s into'bearing: sucl
us bending the tree, breaking or twisting tlx
branches, transplanting, &c., and itshouh
only be employed with one branch at a tim?'
it cannot be applied to several branches a
once, without disfiguring, and probablj
ruining the tree.
Gardener's Magazine.
RAINY DAYS ON A FARM. *
Many p ople look upon the business n
farming, as a very simple affair, adapted tr
the meanest capacity, and not requiiiuj
much etther of reflection or forecast; am
in the way it is pfien conducted, it must b?
udmi ted, such a supposition is i.ot very wid?
of the truth .* but a farmer who takes t
pride in his occupation, and rogurls it, ai
every one should, as an intellectual pursud
makes if of u very d fiferent business.
On every branch of it h? makes inquir;
and bestows thought?Not an operation i
performed that he does not ask himself tb
question, whv is. this done ?t this tine?
and in this matin r? Not an implement i
used in lite operation that he does not ex
amino the ma erials and structures, to se
if it not be practicable to attain greate
economy, strength, durability or efficiency
in the one or the other.
Suppose t.is manager to suggest, or the
the custom of the neighborhood is, to ploug
for corn in autumn, ho will naturally ast
wht is this lan i, which is now, in a more c
less degree, covered with some sort c
grass or herbage, to b" broken up and ex
nn??l. to have its body alternately thawe
? 7'
and its soil to be washed into the valleys b
melting snows and rains, especially a* i
other cas' S it is admitted, that few thin"
improve poor land sootier than euvrin
and keeping it warm; by stacking hay on
or otherwise ! Tnis single inquiry will lea
to multifarious investigations- an i mur
reading ; and so as to the b?st form of c ?ltl
and other dom estic animals, and tin* bei
mcnner and principles of breeding, rearm
and fattenning them/ with questions inui
merahlc, that require him to make'a coir
parison of opinions and practices?<
breeds, of climates, of means, of inarke
&c. So that instead of farming being a
unintelleciunl pursuit, there is not or
perhaps in the scope of human ernploymen
that opens a wid r field for diversify
reading, careful comparison und scientif
research. No situation in life where fon<
ncss of books, and a habit of mental exe
cise, conduce more to iufellectu d enjo
ment, as well as to practical success?VV it!
out these resources, by which alone, v
were going, impiously to say, man is elev
ted above the brute, how is he to dispose
the long nights of winter, and the rainy da;
of all seasons ? in towns he can have r
conrse oyster-cellars and the giming-tabl
in the ^xeitemcDi of liquor and of play, b
a E R W J.
iw SnTITFT-nAKOTilVA
m. w v t
-
;s coming careless alike of his family and his
11 own dignity. In the country it is not easy
i to find such relief or indulgence for ignor0
ancn nnd sensuality. Many there are it
e must he admitted, and most successful far*
y mers too., whose opportunities have, unfor.
r tunately, not been such as to admit of intelt,
lectual cultivation, t'eni< d the blessing of
e educa'ion, they enjoy not the pleasures, nei.
i. ther do they possess the tastes that education
d only ran generate; but if such men tjecome
d | conspicuous by force of method and Indus.
11 try. whaftmay wo not suppose they would
y achieve for themselves and the community,
1 if to thgge exemplary qualities and habits,
; they united the rudiments of various knowl?
edge, and the principles of the sciences apt.
phcable jp their business, with the power of
?, analysis and investig^tioff wfileh they imi
part ? Suppose you could combine in the
h same person, the natural energy, sagacity
' and experience ofa Crawford or a Tucker,
>- with the scientific attainments of Sir Hum*
- phrey Davy? Yoi/ woujd then have men
n to go ahead in the salutary and honorable
- race of agricultural competition, as old
o .Billy Johnson rtoes on the turf?toith Ats
thur Taytar at his heels !
Q "* * * * *
e It is bis duty to think before hand and
i* provhie work "suitabj" for all hands for
d rainy days, so that every mother's son and
it daughter too shall escape the curse which is
~ * ? u-k/? itnnI fhii I
b announces agmiiM iumn ?* > . Ul i.,u
. bread of idleness." Ins'ead of having no
5 occasion for forethought, in what business
or profession is then? so much ? The doc. J
tor has but to keep ou hand a good supply f
a of powders and elixirs?to have his horse in
e the stable, his calomel ready, and his lancet
i bright?and for the rest, to put his trust in
e Providence for a sickly season?With the
- mechanic and bis "Trades' Union" and i'?
, ten-hour svs ern, all is plain sailing?The
mariner has but to keep one rye on his
a compass and the other ons the heavens,
s'anding ready to shorten or make
i sail, and fearing no surprise?while tffe
j farmer has to be constantly and anxiously
s looking abend 'osee that his work does not
e drive t.me, instead of driving his work?f
His wheat must l>" sowed?Ins corn planted
f ?his grain harvested?and his tobacco, as
, well as his bogs?bis bulls?bis lambs and
- his pigs must all be rut at the right time, as
i must his sheep b** yenned and sheared?hi*
t hogs littered, and put up and killed?All |
should be so contrived, systematically, and
i for reasons to com" about at the right time,
neither too soon nor too late. But wo are
t again straying from the point in hand.?n
; This general and constant care and n?ces
shy for before hand cultivation, will be ad..
milled by all, and as a general rule it would
perhaps be well for the young farmer, in*
l* stead of consulting the almanac and the
J moon for the time of doing'his and that,
to lay it down as a governerning principle
i to do every thing n li'de sooner than his
e neighbors. In that case h? will have the
- - r. Lt
J pleasure of pushing his worn dpiuhj mm,
; as a good housawife has her negroes clot ties
l spun ancJ wove, and their stockings knit;
k and her candles dipped, and her lard ren.
dered before Christmas. But what we
meant, in the beginning, was to deprecate
fh;r short-sighted management under which
the force on the farm, is often caught with,
f out appropriate and profitable employment
> for a rainy day. The farmer or manager
I who is thus caught napping, deserves to be
' pun shed as the N"W England puritan was
* wont to he, under the blue laws, for spitting
* in chuMi?In; should 44be made to stand f ?r
I an hour with his tongue in split stick." It
s should bo his care, let the d ?y of rain come
* when it may, to hive in-doors work pre.
pared, such as is adapted to the age and
i capacity ofevery worker on the farm. For
s some tie mayjiave corn o shell?for others
l- wool to be curded and spun?for o'hers
' tobacco to s' rip. or stakes to sharpen, in an
s ouN.house or shod out of tlie weather, or n
* stable or poul ry.house, (which by-the.bye
e every farmer ough: to have,) to be sawed,
r or flax to be broke or swingled, or grain to
> Ixi thrashed, or seed to be rubbed or bea en
out, or meat to be hung up?hoes and ax?-s
II to he helved and ground, yokes arid bows
to be made and mended, while-washing hi
L' doors of all the negro h ?ushs and stables.
r with various oiher things, which require
^ that the materials, &c? be prepared and in
?- ? ,?:.i?. i r..?
* place, reauy i?r uso wunuui ium ui ..wU.,
^ for time is money, and us poor Richard
)' sniili, ho who is always c tiling "time
M enough," always has little enough," Til"
Is good housewife can suggest something in
K iter department, rather tiian lot any body
11 be-idle. Thus, without recourse t<? ill-bu(*
mor, to cards, the dice box or the bo'tle, to
' keep oiTthe blue devils, ill:* most busv and
'e he most profitable days, may bo the raivy
sf days on a farm.
? Amprican Farmer.
i.
j From the Cultivator,
jf OHEAP STEAMER FOR RO' Ti.
ts The best and cheapest apparatus for
it) steaming roos, &e. wo have yet seen, is
je made, bv putting to a box ot the required
ts dimensions for cook ng or steaming, a hotid
torn of sheet iron, and setting this box on
ic an arch of brick or stone work allowing
J. about four inches of each side of the box to
r- rest on the brickwork. Let the b >x be
i' made of inch and a half or two inch plank ;
h- the sheet iron with a double row of holes
ye for nads. secured to the bottom of this, will
a. be water tight, and a false bottom made of
of a board, nnd perforated with numerous
ys holes, with cleats nailed on it to lie on the
> iron bottom, and prevent the roots burning
Ic, on it, completpj tne' steamer. Wo have
c-1 have used one made on this principle, fix
ft " V
far ^
1 ' ? A!
* ? '
i or B o /
V-.. 4
i?W??^????^i? ?g?Mi
FRIDAY, MAY 29, 840.
?
<4
soveralyears, nnd know ofno plan whicl
will cook food with equal rapidity an<
cheapness. Our steamor holds 15 bushels
and the fuel required is but a trifle.
MR. SILLIMAN's SPEECH,
Delivered at the First Agricultural Meeting
held in Boston, Jan. 13, 1840.
After Mr. Webster closed, Mr. Sillimai
began by remarking that he was taken whol
Jy by surprise, nothing having been farthe
from his tliougfrts than to say any thing or
this occasion. Indeed after the remarki
from the honorable gentleman who had jus
spoken, to which he had, in common wit!
others, the ploasftre of listening, -.hero wai
little that need be said by any one. Or
occasion so gratifying as the present
and offering objects of inquiry olid discus,
sion so highly important and interesting, h<
could not, hoacver withhold the expressior
of his own personal interest in the case nnc
what lutle aid might be derived from hii
concurrence.
In the statement relating to Brit sh hus
bandry, made by the honorable gen lemai
who preceded him and in the impression?
which that gentlem in had gathered fro m
his observation of rural and agricultur?
life in England, he express d li s entii*
assent and sympathy. In a visit man\
years siti? e made by himsclfto England, hi
derived from similar though far less p< rfc
opportunities of observation, grout pleasure,
and he left the country more than thirtv
years ago, with a strong admiration for t'n
?.*?rnordinurv ininrovem -nts and advance?
I ? ,
| made in this great art, in that active pupul.
' ous and intelligent community.
TV British nation had lon/Vnce srrivec
at the conviction, which experience atn
further inquiry had served only to eonfi rr
ai.d strength'* I, that science in all its infix
enr? s might, lend a most suhs anfial aid t(
ajjrirutuie. Tney tnen-for? have Inrgel)
availed themselves of its aid in the chemica
examination of sods and manures, with s
view io ascertain their uses and correctives.
The popular impressions formerly enter,
tamed, that lit le was to b** gained in agriculture
by the application of science, are in i
measure removed. Notning could hav<
less foundation hi reason or fact. The- advantages
of the judicious application o
knowledge to art, are every where obvious,
All iho arts of life have their foundation ir
knowledge; and all 'h'.* improvements of me.
chunism from a wh'tdbarrow to a ohrononv
eter, are due to science and m'-chanica
philosophy I will lie found true in relatior
to every thing counseled with human im
provemeut and comfort, even in the com.
monest department of life, the more knowl
edge i ho hotter.
Inquires into the nature of soils, are o!
great impor ance ; and in respect to man)
soils no w either wholly unproductive or un
congenial to certain crops, science may enI
rtKl.% ?? /? nn?\ltf tkit nivi.Man i*ir nlto?nnt mol
#111': UO iu cpji'jf in'- iiw jom^ i?i|' iiiut'ivi
or correctives. Although we cannot fnbri
cate in a laboratory the soils of a country,
we can discover their composition und as
certain their deficiencies ; rlie deficient in
gredent may be supplied, and although i
should be in small quantities, it may be dnn<
in a form that may be generally practicable
and may essentially change the character o
a soil.
The honorable gentleman has, withou
doubt truly assigned the causes of the mild
I ness of the climate of western Europe, nut
especially of Great Britain ; and he has in
dicaied with equal clearness and truth (Ik
causes of the comparative coldness of tin
Eastern countries of North America. If
this connexion it may be remaikcd that tlx
western countries of this continent enjoy t
climate far milder than the eastern.
The climate of these western countries i:
affecteJ by their position in Ma'ion to th<
vast Pacific ocean, which produces an efiec
similar to that of the Atlantic ocean "por
Europe, but in afar greater degree. Thus
the climate corresponds to a considerable de
1 P.I 1 ..re..
grC6 Willi linn oi me western snuics uj r<u
rope. Irs milJn?-ss is surh ihat ilie plon^l
may be driven nearly or quite through tin
whole year. Its temperature is, perhaps
considerably ,affected by its geological for
mation, ond by the extensive rungo of vol
canoes, which stretch along its shores, an<
some of which are still breathing forth thci
internal heat. Here every thing is on i
vast scale ; and the agricultural product;
will at no distant day* hecomo abundant am
highly important. We cannot indeed alte
the climate of a country ; but wo mav ii
same measure aceommoda e our husbandry
to its p-cjlia itms an-l vana i ?ns.
The larger portion of the soils of Nov
England as sta < d by the hor.orafcla gentlf
man, is undoubtedly derived from granit
uu I o'her primary rocks ; nnd many of th
red sandstone soils, sucb as tnosn in the ne
ghborhood ofN"W Haven, are in fact com
posed of llie principles found in granu
rocks. Argillaceous soils, or those whic
are dcrved chiefly from the dccompositio
of argillaceous or clay slate, abound like
wise ui m*ny parts of N?-w England and i
Massachusetts, an J bcjng retentive of wate
ar found highly productive in grass an
grains.
A considerable par of the rtufriment. <
plants is undoubtedly derived from ihe a
iind water or its elements, and constitutes
a large por'ion of their food. The compi
position of water is now well understoo
and we may with safety, in the presence <
1 this intelligent assembly, speak in technic
terms of ihe constituent parts of water, hj
; drogenand oxygen, which enter large
i into all vegetables. Carbon, which Lr u
fl!so a large part fo ott plants, though it 8*m
p
5K
E< Jci JL B
/ Z $R.
*
" L j
' '# :
i?mil i p?
li in comparatively small proportions in the1
J form of carbonic acid gas in the air, is vol
derived from innumerable sources and supplied
to tlie growing vegetables in aVund.
ance. The effect of li^ht irpon the green
leaves of plants is to decompose the carbon.
' - 1- I I .J .
> ic acid ana me car nan is ausoruea 10 nourish
the plant and the oxygen is envolved
into the air ; thus it separates from the at.
1 mosphere an important element of nutrition,
* supplying it in the form of food for the
r pliiUtS.
1 Mr. Silliman farther alluded to tho curi}
oua (act iu the constitution of noture, that
1 noiwiihsanding the suporior density or spe1
cific gravity of carbonic acid gas, it being
1 much greuter than that of the elements of
1 which the atmosphere is composed, it is <
* nevertheless found in abundance in the
- elevated regions of dhe-earth-and-^even on '
' high and barren mountains contributes rn
J an important d<'greo to the support of plants i
and of treeg. If the air and water afford, I
1 the most important elements of plants, it i
may be asked, what then is the use of the
soil 1. I s first use is to furnish a point of- I
1 support in which tfie plant can fix itself;
' nut it doubtless contains many things which <
' water serves to dissolve, and Isold "in solu- <
t on, that they .may be taken up by tiie i
plonts. He expressed his b? lief that in mOst i
of the soils in Now EnglanJ and in Mussa <
chusetts, the principal element wanting is <
l ino. This abounds ip the western district I
' of New York, and renders those lands, as
m Gennesee for example, on the magnifi- 1
f cent fann of Mr. Wadsworth, cx'.raordina'
rilv productive in wheat. I
Toe addition of lime to our own soils, he i
. considered of great importance. Our sea- I
J. shores abound in shells, whose base is lime,
and which are capable, by being burnt, of
' being converted into the best of lime. New I
Haven, the town of his own residence, I
' abounds in oysters, both natives and those
. that in great numbers a re colonized there 1
from Virginia. The shells are burnt for
1 manure and applied to the land. The soil
of New Haven and its vicinity is derived
' frona a species of red sandstone ; but this
was composed- of the elements of granite,
quartz, mica and feldspar, the rninsofgraninc
and other primary rocks. 1
. An interest in agriculture is now awake.
ned in Cunneoiicut, which promises the most
' valuable results-; and improvement in cuhi.
1 vauon are rapidly advancing. He agreed
; in the es imution of the Commissioner, of
. ltrJianc'Orn. One hundred bushels had been
repeateJIy produced in New Haven upon an
acre. A catde show and agricultural and
horticultural fair have been- hoWen in New
Haven annually for several years?the last
' autumn in particular, with a spirit which e-.
P vinc*d the lively interest taken in the subject
; and he had the pleasure on that occasion
of seeing ono hundred yoke of very fine
oxen from East Haven, attached to a plough,
.uud the plsugn holden by a venerable man
' of ninety-six years of age, who laid a furrow ;
along the public square.
fn his own opinion, there was no occasion,
| in an agricultural point of view, to despair
of Massachusetts or any part of New Eug* .
J land. There wcro no evils or disadvantage
es connecte I with the climate or soil, which
j. could not l>e met and overcome. It was a
great and lamentable error ihwt so many of
} our young men deserted the pursuits of *a*
gricultural to crowd into tlie trades ofcittes.
" He inverted again to-the value und'importanreof
chemical knowledge to ogricul*
ture. The analysis ofmanures wa3 a-sub.
[ yet ofgreat and indispensable importance.
The knowledge obtained from geological
and agricultural surveys and chemical investigations,
could.not betooh:ghly osiimaled
; and the Smtecould expend no money
to more advantage than in procuring them.
* This patronage should not be withdrawn or
' withheld ; nnd the withholding of it could a.
rise only from a want of a just appreciation
1 of the value of these branches of j^ke.
4 fl ' alluded with muchjflttcci to twRBPIumented
Judge Buel* JRRrskill in the science
and application of manures was a just
subject of eulogy, and whose success in converting
a portion of the barren and unprom'
ising soil in the vicinity of Albany into fertile
and unproduct.ve fields, was well known
j and honored.
lie pressed the importance of a Board of}
J Agriculiare, and congratulated Massachus
set s u^on the spirit and liberality with which
j site had regarded the improvement of her
husbandry. The suty'*-ct could not receive
too much of her concern. It stood second
?*n intprfist. but rhoso of a moral and reli-!
?__
,gious character, and indeed it might be said
v io be nearly allied to them also, since hah
its of rural industry are the mo9t favorable
e to good morals. The valuo of science, in
this case, could not be too highly es imatod.
j Here science might be regarded as tho eye,
, and practical skill the hand, .by which this
great art was to be carried forward to per.
Ij lection.
i' , Froui the Carolina Planter.
* To Ihe Editor of the Carolina Planter: j
Jf SIR:? id
While I acknowledge the true and proper
intention of an agricultural J .urno: jo be
t ie excitement of zeal in husbandry, and
jr ihe diffusion of knowledge on the subject,
a by the publiculion of individual experience,
3. and th? suggestions of science, I think, j
rj nevertheless, that great good may be done
uf by one who aims to restnyn the first sought
rt| efiect, or at all events to divrrt its pursuit i
^ into a prudent and humine channel,
jy Nj apprehension need he entertained of
the over success of phikintbrnpis's, who i
aim to inculcate moral truths?u? promote I
I
m. '
NUMBER 29.'
'-- A~Si ' " ? y' *
' %
... "
the.practice of forbearing and self-denying
cliariries^although their re ward is represent,
ed to be Paradise i self; hut at*oil limes in
the history of the world, (and not the less so
in this 19th century,) it has been, and ia
lamentably the fact, thai all means for ihe
advancement of pecuniary . interest havo
been employed to excess ; and that genef*
al benevolence and future good have been
too oflen sacrificed to present profit.
We of the present day are not only Utilf*
tartans in the extreme sense of the term,
but ull our operations arc required to give
immediate results?it being regarded too
Qinxotishly disinterested and patriotic, so
to improve the homes of our farthers and
selves, that they may be the same to our*
children ; or to advocate fucit a system of
hltsbandry as wilt prevent our State from
b^Coming ^'cleared and barren desert.?*
Sforatf of your corre^otnteots urge against t
my view, that children rarely reside where
their fathers did before them-^end that Ih
seeking the more fertile- regions of the
West, ihey leave the expensively improved
family estates to indifierepi strangers. But
I maintain that the improv ident management
jf their plantations by fathers, is one?the
shief reason why their children doemigrate,
and sacrifice all those comforts and refine??
ments^hc appurtenances and effect of *
stationary society, for the semi-civilizition
afn new country, and a heterogenous collection?not
a society, of men drafted firoiri
various sections of-the country, und grades
of rank.
\Y ho would not prefer that his son should
reside where his ancestors*had resided?amorigst
the friends of his father and grand.
f.iliAii _ _ Uama )f inrlfnd Kit l/vti,? ftftiinrlahitt
iauicr~uotuiiic niiiuivu-uj > .
?and the companions of Ilia school days,
with whom lie had ofi" paid't i'tfie burn,
frao morning shn til! dine with all iho appliances
of geutue! comfort, and inceiitifes
to refinement, than to have him plunge into
the ru le wilderness, to contend with and be*
come assimilated to mere adventurers of
fortune ? Bet'cr that lie remain in the oue
condition, with competence and a well pre.
served plantation, than subject himself to
thu other, with the additional amount of
wealth?which was at once the cause and
effect of the ruin of his nativity.
What is the true value of property ? Is
it to stimulate the pecuniary appetite which
it ouglit to appease ! To destroy the con.,
tent incut which it ought not to perfect ?
To lead one from the refinement and civili.
zation?from the courtesies and charities
oflife, which it ought tocreuteand foster?
If we were destitu e and rude, we perhaps
would covet wealth for the purpose of secu*
rbg to ourselves and children the very men.
lal and mora! perfection, and buddy com.
forts, which many who are possessed of that
wealth, consider it expedient to barter for
the indefinite and useless enhancement of
tnat wealth.
Sam S iek say,11 zealous and undivided
attention, bestowed upon one pursuit, will in
ninety-nine times in a hundred, ensure sue*
cess." And I say "that faithful and i cono.
t I..'. 1 ... . ?: i 1. ^ ... ,i
m:o i nusuanury wiu ucsiow upon i;s uu?;w
or ft fair competence, or?d retain bis patri.
monial estate unimpaired fur his children,
upon almost any soil comprised wiihio thy
limits of our State.
And by long dwelling upon any spo', a
people may become attached to it above oil
ftu'ry pictured lands, nnd really enjoy a hop. piticss
in their long culiirated .socio) inter*
course, worth fur more th in all that debt,
speculation, and Bowie-knives, can impart.
' Is there in the whole world a MJcub more
dull?monotonous?-uninterwing?than the
flat and pinny regions of'he soiphera aeaboard
? I have rtad of the trackless deserts
of the eastern world. 1 have heard of
ihe rolling, seulikd praises of our own extensive
Weat?and I have travelled over many
a weary mile of varied county, from Mount
Washington?bleak New Hampshire's
pride, to the.flowery savannahs of votopta?.?*?
i '" a! no f>?Vil f 2ar\i?i0in^?n mLllfi) I i?AR.
UU) vsaivi Ilk* UIIVJ ?ir?-^vij ( uv?fess
I have never conceived a scene which
I thought so lailu exciting and striking,?
I Speak not is fertility, for it iaoki not iha\
so much us beauty of landscape to arrest
the eye and a'tach the ftjfar',
On the other hand f have n?aji of Spar*
la's martyr bands; of Koman pride and
love of coun'ry ; of the hardy dauntless
Swiss, whoso love of their sterile ruggnd
home is a bye word, and and a theme-in.
spiring to the great Scott himself; of Poland,
who, for the patriotism and valor of
her sons, has become a military watchword
on the eve of butt to : But I have never
known a land more loved?more valued.
?than a spot in thatregom that I woe'of,
by tho3W*who claim if as their present liome
their father's birth-place. Aud why is
this 1 Born to competence which their
ancestors, by undivided, single, mmded
industry, had obtained from the moderate
soil?inheriting as a pari of their patrimonv.
feelings of locality and aristocracy, ani
,.J v o ,
rtstrainnJ by the dalliance , of ease an 1
luxury, from exploding Qthcr sections of
(he country, ana therefore pe^toating the
characteristics of their socia^TO hospitable
Huguenot race, they sank voluptuously
into n state of contentment. White they
heard with feelings of surprise and admiration
of the teeming fertility of other sections
of our wide domain, not a spark of jealousy
mingled therewith, nor was there the least
disposition to exchange for such generous
so.is, their own swampy or pine-ridge es,
tates.
What frugality, industry, the thorough
cultivation, manuring, and resting of their
soil, could not make up of that wealth of
I which lh'>y heard, they knew to bo. $j&piy
?