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UU MESTl^ MAN c t . L Ki^b. ? Jn Assembly , (ot New Y<?tk) ?*7 a ch 8. t*l5, the following report was received from Simecn De Witt, Preitientol tlic society for ilic ptomolion of the usciul Arts. 44 SOCIETY FOK TUB HH0M/1TION OF USEFUL AKTS." In Society, rh a ry 21 * t 18 IT." Tlic recording secretary gave notice, that during the reccss of the society, the council, had taken up the subject of the propriety of continuing the aid of pre miums, for tYie impiovement of Manu lactures* Agriculture, Sec. and that the following Report, from a committee of that body, was ordered to be referred to the society .? The Committee* appointed by tlje Board of Councillors of the Society for the Pro motion of Useful Arts, to take into consi deration the propriety of soliciting the the legislature of this slate for encourag ing the manuafacture ol woollen cloths, and also to consider what further e*cite znlnt pug Ik to be given to other branches of industry equally entitled to pub'.ic pat ronage, beg leave to report ? That the li beral bounties and premiums granted by the legislative body of the baic few the en couragement of the manufacture of wool len cloth, have, in combination with other circumstances, surpassed the most san guine expectations of the advocates of that useful measure, and contributed to raise, in many respects, the fine cloths of Ame rica, to a degree of perfection equal to thnaa mahulanUittsd }n Europe, Your committee, however, are aware, that tHe great impulse which those rrianu iacturef have received during the suspen sion of our mcr^uiitwe correspondence with Other nations, lias in a great measure been created by the hand of necessity ; and that the cause coming to cease; the temporary weight which it had enabled them to as sume in the commercial scale of the Un ion, may be subtracted with as much ra pidity as it has been acquired. Such an evil must, of course, if practicable, be averted* and the means of accomplishing that desirable object, deserves the most serious attention of the society. Philoso phers on that important point cannot act alone ; they may ^uide and instruct prac tical mechanics, but the light which sci ence diffuses in a commercial country, be comes useless and despised if* private in terest is not gratified by its propagation tmd retention ; it then belongs more es sentially to the department of statistics to find the best remedy against the impend ing evil, and as that branch of political science is one of those which the studits of the society embrace, we shall use its precepts, and consult its experience, to discover by what means we can, without violence and restrictive laws, maintain our manufactured articles on a footing in our jrtarkets with those of the European and Asiatic nations, and guard from toiai ruin the only lucrative advantage obtained by " so many private and public sacrifices* * The imtnortal laurels reaped by the American people durjng the war. and their patient resignation and steadiness under all the sufferings and privations imposed upon them* have unquestionably given gicat splendor to their national character, strengthened their government, and shown to the world that the United States de serve to be ranked among the powers of the first order. ? But practical policy does not allow us to be dazzled by the brilliancy of that focus Of honor and glory. The long duration u? our retaliatory measures, and the war which has been the natural consequence of that system of commercial Warfare, have hadlhe most fhtal effects upon our specie capitals, on our commerce, and on our shipping ; our bullion is nearly gone and replaced by paper ; our merchants, whose property began to rival the wealth of those of England, are either ruined or extreme ly reduced, and our vessels, which former ly tKr?^ almost atr rotten in our ports and ri\eis. This cala mitous state of things forms a dark shade to the flattering picture which preceded it. Hut by the exertions of the most artive and ingenious nation, those gloomy colors will soon brighten, if sophistry is banished from our national councils, and if our le gislators have not vanity to believe that it is in the power of men to regulate, at their will, the invincible laws of nature. We cannot however indulge the pleasing idea that the passion of legislating on commer cial matters will entirely svrbside and wc may anticipate that the theoretical and practical commercial system's will continue to divide our statesmen, as they hava, un der aimilar circumstances, divided those of other counties. Private interest, se ducing the individuals who have adventur ed the remains of their fortune in manu factures* or who have acquired property and influence by that means, will induce them, under the garb of public good, to endeavor to cheek the Importation of for eign manufactures. By countervailing du ties and other disguised attempts at mono poly, in order, they will say, to prevent the further exportation of cash, raise every ' thing we wanl within ourselves, aud be come perfectly independent ; whilst oil the" other fide, those who reflect Tftsr^Afile il ia has acquired its former wealth by com nterce and agriculture, will defend those primary- springs of national weaUh from the^invafion of the friends of the manu iacuiuig system, and claim for our im poris and exports all the . extension they lequire, in order to encourage .agricul tuie by the most * advantageous sale of our produce and raw materialsf to pur chase as cheap as possible the articles which the United States want, and havev not \ct been able to raise ; and- to recover, by a circuitous trade, a general balance, by the means of which wc may partly recover the capitals which have been appropriated to the payment ol our mercantile debts abroad : and finally draw from the custom house duties, or the revenues on com merce, the means of paying if not the principal, at jeast the interest of the debt accrue^ since the war, ;nstead of over loading, for that purp< , the people with direct taxes, which would become intoler able, and destructive of all the pursuits of industry, if from that source alone the heavy expenses of the war were to be paid or secured^ Your committee haVc not the leisure to investigate thoroughly those two great sys tems ol political economy ; they content themselves with observing,, that it would be equally chimerical to prfcteifd to sell a great deal of our own produce, and to buy over little of the produce of foreign nations, as would be to import a. consider able quantity of thei reproductions, and ex port but very little of ouV*. TJommerci al treaties between trading nations, seldom allow .great a ltd decided advantages to one over the other ; they arc equally in U rested to buy and sell as they can ; and if by a jealous policy, governments inteifere in the operations of commerce, and endea* vour by restrictive, countervailing and prohibitory laws, to render the balance of trade more favor able, reciprocity soon Ukes place, commercial warfare is established between friendly nations, and the fire of war is frequently rekindled to the great disadvantages of both parties. ? It i& not by yielding to the jealousy of the manufacturers against the importing merchants, nor by gratifying exclusively the interest of the importers, that v Ameri ca will flourish and replenish her incalcu lable losses. ,_lkit ii is by pure liberty and emuiatioii'ttol her agriculture, domes tic arts, anu foreign cortrnierc^wlU grow together ; and under thai impression, your committee are of opinion, that whilst pos itive laws, intended to restrain foreign im portation, aYul to force the progress of na tional manufacturers, would have an equal tendency. to injure the community, the cul tivation of those favorite new plants could be promoted without absorbing *he sap of the old ones. ^ - The most practible way to diminish the severity of the shock Which the flood of lot eign manufacture* will inevitably give to ours, is to continue to encourage them by bounties and . premiums, and to amal gamate those public rewards with the ili stiiution of fairs or stated markets, where all sorts of agricultural produce, raw ma* terials, manufactured articles, and domes tic animals would be exposed for sale, at the different counties in rotation, at cer tain epochs. These institutions would become an object of interest and ' amuse ment for the people, and Would create be tween the merchants, manufacture is, and agriculturalists, an uhion and a good un derstanding, highly conducive to the pros perity of the country. * Fairs in their origin were stated markets, and that word is derived from the latin forum, or public place. When commerce, under the fetidal system, had to encoun ter all sorts of difficulties impositions and t;obl>eries, the fairs enjoying very great privileges, and being protected by the sov ereigns who had the good sence to estab lish the Ift ur?de r fftictr crrctjm<nances, nnve in reality been the main pillars of com ment, upon a large scale, and the com mencement of commercial jurisprudence. Several of the most conspicuous of those ancient marts are yet In existence in Eu rope, and are considered aa very conveni ent and useful, by creating a great con course* facilitating all sorts of mercantile speculation among the people, prompting to an astonishing degree the Consumption of home manufactures, and the improve ment of the different vsonsjot domestic arfimals. In this country, however, where interior commerce does not meet with any obstacles, and where almost all the villages and cities are regular trading pea ces, the establishment of public fair* may perhaps at first sight appear unnecessary ; but if it be considered, thai at present the commercial part of the community is not generally favorable to American manufac tures' and that the scale of those articles Will not probably be ameliorated after the peace, it must be adn\itted that public fails ; which should combine with all the advantages resulting from a free and po pular market, a stimulating exhibition ?? the handsomest specimens of American produce and 'ndustry, would open a .dc field to emulation, and create *mo g the people, patriotic feelings, favorable to thr manufactures of their own country. Your committee ajt: accordut^ly ot opinion that a subject of so much magnitude, will draw the attention of The sbcietv du present session of the Legislature^ and induce them to obtain fiom that en lightened body a law for the establish ment of public fairs in the several countit s of the atate, and for the distribution of premiums intended lo promote domestic economy, and the useful arts and sciences. In addition to the views on this inte rest ing subject, your committee think proper to state, that fairs established lately in the stateo f Massachusetts, on a plan similar to the one recommended in this report, have not only vastly promoted and improved agriculture, manufactures and interior commerce, in that district, b; it also con trihuted to enrich and increase the places where they have been instituted by patrio tic gentlemen, whose exertions and en. lightened seal deserves thanks andapplauht of their country. (Signed) E? Genet, Timothy t towes, Jacob Green, T. Romeyn'Beck, ? Committee The Iron Bridge at iMambro . \Ve understand that si* sloops arc al- - ready built in the yard of Messrs. R. Pear son 8c Co. of Thome, intended for the | conveyance, ofib^l+ooBriHge- to London The vessels are called the Industry, Per- i severance, Trial, Hazard, Knterprise and Success? names not unpromising if they j speak the (kie of the stupendous under taking, for it it a well known "Yact that Industry and Perseverance in a trial of Hazard and Knterfirise ensure ?Swrcr?# There is now a young lady in this town of about sixteen years of age, stone blind, who enjoys rhe sen?e of touch in so ex quisite a degree, as to be nearly incredible. She can not only distinguish the color of cloth, silk, linen, and other substance*, by the touch, with the greatest accuracy, but can truce printed Ittteis on paper with such nitety, us to make out the sense of passages; and even, as we huve heard, can sometime* make out entire pages of print- . ed books. Liverpool Advertiser* / The Governor of the State of Delaware* in a Passage to the Legislature states the alarming deficiency of the crops in that state* and urges them to pass a Resolution requesting Congress to prohibit the expor tation of flour and grain* Cultivation of the SUgaT Cane . ? We understand from unquestionable authority, that 8uoa* of an excellent qua* lity was made at the plantation of major Jas. Hamilton, jun, on Ca 11a Wassie Is land, St. Lukes parish, on the 6tb of Ja$u? ary from Canes which had been cut and stacked since the 1 a h of november last* ll is remrakable that the exposure to a severe frost, on the night of the 1 Ith, did not prevent a perfect granulation of the juice* notw tkstandihg some few of the mbfe'eX* posed ends of the canes were partially aci- ; dntited.? VVe leatn that the product in quantity per acre is sufficient (when the last nlost unfavorable season is considered) to warrant and encourage a cantinuance of itr cultivation on a more extensive scale. , Georgia and the Carolines have bold ly entered into*the tide of experiment ? ; they have succeeded. They possets what SocaATas emphatically calls "the wealth of Nature." They have now the oppor tunity of bestowing a signal blessing on the whole union ; by the extensive culti vation of the Sugar Cane. Its final suc cess, of which we entertain no doubt, will in a great measure* if not altogether ex empt us from the pressure of those colon /. al restrictions, which the caprice or lolly of foreign states has the power at . ftrestnt to nuurce ? and: they wtif rhuw ~tti row *rr? other granite on those bulwarks of real National Independence whicfy are rapidly rising to encircle our country. ? Charleston Southern Patriot ? , STATE OF INDIANA. Cok t don, January 4. The General Assembly of this state has incorporated a company for the purpose of opening a Canal on the Indiana side of the Falls or Great Rapids of the Ohio. If this should be carried into effect) the ad vantages will be inlslcuable, not only to the commercial part of the community, but to every description of citizens* as wa terworks and manufactories of various de scriptions may be attached thereto. It is said that the funds of the company are adequate te the completion of the canal, as the company form a chain of Capiit lists along the Ohio to the mountains, and per* haps over to the Atlantic states. ^The ladies of Baltimore hare formed an institution, entitled, 44 The Femafe~Slte Society, for the education of Heathen Children in India." From the Richrr.ittci ?"y hirer, :rom a MLMUI U ol LUN<oU_LSS lo the ^ liUl t C> i< ? (KitciU W'amunoton, Jan. 26. The question vj uju? ajid so violently imitated iti tht House of Ktprescntutives* rou will iiavc seen. bus bteu pui to vest in h*t llouse. by a lar^e majority*? The law s simply repeated without making piovi ?iun tor the next Congress ? The reason jr^td in f.?vor of tins course is, that the siisuing Congress, coming from the Peo ple alter the agitation ot this question, will more successfully iU)?\Ter the expectation* jf their Constituents, than the present Congress ? Whether sound or not, 1 Uuve it to the Public to decide ? The discussion was as wk!c as the utmost horison of politics ? The question of instruct on was elabor ately discussed among other interesting subject. The Representative from your District made his first essay on this subject, lie acquitted himself so handsomely--** u* acquire no small share of fame* ? Kxperi ence and time will render hiiu a valuable member, should he be fortunate enough lo enjoy the confylence of his constituents. No subject of great interest is before Con gress, except a countervailing law to pro tect our navigation. The policy of Great Britain goes i<* exclude our shipping from u V reasonable and naiu ra) sh are of em ploy mcnt. We are not permitted to carry our own produce to British markets In ilic W. In dies? Considering the nature of our trae'e, we are at least entitled to equality? The purpose of Congress is to exclude all lor eiguships from American ports, whuke natidn excludes ours? And I believe the law will puss in that shape. 'I he condition of our financial affairs is in the most flourishing condition. An ex cess of 1 1 ,uoo ,ooo of dollars in our -Treat swry , will capacitate the government to aid the State Bank in the resumption of their specie payment*.-Thtf U. 8. Bank has certainly sent for a large sum of the pre-' cious metals, which grange at it seemi, are at 8 per cent, below par. ? The resto i ation of specie payments will give the finishing to bur national prosperity.? Inac tion is dumb or murmuring out its depar ture ? The confidence of the people in the government increased? the result of its successful passage of the war? Our fin ances in a condition speedily to discharge the national deb);. Respectable abroad, and substantially at peace with all the world* whatift there to Hope for but the contjww ance of the existing offe of ihe things* and the gradual developement of olir high destinies ? ' Ntfc-YojHt, Jan. 24. It is with regret we lewn, that 9, jetigua rebellion has lately taken pk(cc ?t prince tun College* which, it ie aald* prigiixattd in the Junior Class. 1 he alleged cause* at we are informed* was, in the eMirn^t^on of the Juniors, atbitrary nic^ures on the , part of some of the Faculty. A niM?f Of the Students of all the Classee* it ap pears, wei e concerned in the rebcMjoitf-* find to *ucb a height had it arisen, that it became necessary that the exercises of the College should be postponed for a shert time* Tile trustee* , we ^ra informed, are I summoned to attend a meeting fpr the pur* pose of expelling the ringleaders, and re organising Hit institution ?? -At Y. Gnz, jib a lino Again ? The store of Messrs. David Ddnhaln VCo, in Pcar|-st..Waeen? tered on 8unday morning, by a man call ing himself Thos. Kit ley.? This man had ' been etttrioyed by them as a porter in their store for about a mon^h* and lived In Ala* Difoham't family ; he was found to be ab sent when the family ' retired ' oh 8aturday evening. Between 4 and 5 d*el6fcif on Sun day morning the watchmen* in going their rounds, discovered., a light in the store | sentinels were immediately placed and jn- ? formation communicated to Mr. Dunham by John Provost, a very worthy and vigil lam watchman* who first discovered the* Hghtr-^fhe' etoie ottcxaininaiion, etas found to have been entered through the . coat vault, which, no doubt* had been left unfastened by the vilHan for this purpose* The desks and drawers had been rifled of their contents, and loqks, to the number of seven, been forced to accomplish his pur pose ; but* on hearing the watchmen* it ia supposed, he endecto|ilbd to make hit re treat through one of the beck windows in to the adjoining yard ; hut finding, there* no opportunity to elude tlte vigilance of the watchmen he then attempted to 'com-, mit the atrocious act of sulfide* and actu ally cut his own throat* In hit pockets and about him were found about 70 or 80 dollars in change* two silver watches end; a beaver hat* He was then taken to the police office, and from thence to bridewell* where hia wound was dreeeed* and he will no doubt recover* Mer. t Noarout* Jan* 9, One hundred barrels of superftne flour were aokj in this town yesterday, for ft* 500 ? a Higher price* we believe, than this article ever before commanded in thia market.