University of South Carolina Libraries
I v^^'ji.'"' . >; ::-:^liiB i * ?>?? -? /./:-r" T - . ;; -r r\.j; ^iTWPP ?\ T^T^WTfT! Tf ^ To> /;\ WOTT^T5) 1 ii uE^4u^3 s^SLjuI^cL^Ju?1 Li w_lwil3 *L?3 d\\ul ii>i=Ll iJlJia TWO DOLLARS PEE. ANNUM.] '' TIX33 pnzos op XiISjmTT ti ETEXT w_/viZ"^iG-iXj a.untoi:." """ IPAYABLE IN ADVANCE BY DAVIS .fc CREWS. ABBEVILLE, S. C? TIIURSOAIMORNING, DECEMBER 8. 1859. VOL. XVI NO. 33. il'/YV iiivii LUKU. More puoplti die annually from want of snfliciont brain-work than from an excess of it. iJood health of body ami mind depemls on each having its full share of exercise an<l work, ami it woul<l seem from historv that we can better afford the body to be in n slate of lassitude titan allow the intellectual powers to l;e dormant. Titer.; may be a physical cause for this, from the fact that tnui h thought a temperate lift*; but the exceptions to such a rule would be ^- found so enormous as to show thai it was Not lite only secret. We arc rather in,,"i; i .1 miikm i..11.ix 11in. um iiidsi general lIKe, utnl the one c ipable of the broadest application, '-y which to attain to that great de ?,ideratum, " a grecti old ago," is to give thi! 111i11 1 full play?to expand the powers of thought by rending and observing, at.d to banish the fear of death, resulting from an exhausted " knowledge box." We have shown to what ages the old philosophers lived, and many modern one* have been equally long lived, (ialileo aud Roger litioon both lived to 78, l>:i!T?>n died at 81, Goethe and West were 92. Vrank'in an.! Ilerschel! lived to S4, ami Newton ami Voltaire did not finish lis oil- labors 1111- j til 85. Til? astronomer llaloy was S<J at his decease, and Sir Hans Soano was D.'J.? Michael Angelojand Tilian, llio great mas? 1 lers uf art, lived to 90. Thoso, surrlv, arc instances enough to stimulate the imlivid-- ^ ual, who wishes to live long, not to forget j to cultivate the inlelleetnal facilities and [ imagination, while he is attending to the ! physical aids of exercise, cleanliness and temperance. We all think too much of the bodv and nejdeet the higher and divim r ... o r> part within u<; we cleanse the temple and I adorn its pillars, but we forget that the ! ll IV rf* ill Hi.co tv?i"?inrr*?i ?! ?i?iitii?ii ????. 1 carc.? Scicnlijic si wcrici?. A Prairie. Fire.?A letter from Cannon I Falls, Minnesota, to the St. l'aiii l'iotKvr, * 5 ' , says: I 'The night we arrived here it was ?nr , privilege to witness one of tin* gamiest ! fights of the Western countrv. We stood ! on a high bluff overlooking the town and , Raw a j raitie lire in all its madness and d?; j struetiveness. From out of the wot, ahovc the dim horizon, the jjreat red llatnes cam surging in IonlT, 'juiveriu^ waves, extending four or five miles over the prairie. As they came roarim; onwards the scene was | perfectly magnificent. Tim whole heavens ; were as red as hlood ; !iie (lames rcse ft!'? J teen or twenlv feet in the air and somen j to threaten deMructon t<> every t'.-tng he? i fere ihein. Some farms which i:iy in llici,- i way very narrowly escape I i?y having furrows ploughed around. Several w'-enl j stacks wore s-wallowed up, ami one | only saved his dwelling-hou^e l?v six feet. Men worked like Trojans all the ni^'it lighting the fire. Ahout a quarter of a inile on the oilier side of the river tins iiaines wheeled arouml with a sudden change of the wind, and went tearing down the river eastward. A lofty, ahruht, rocky Lhiil", ! which seemed to har their way ellectually, I was scaled in two or three seconds, and the j fire poured down the slope on o'lur side in ' several distinct streams, looking exact I v 1 like liquid red?liot lava pm:rin<j down some ( locky mountain. The next morning tlii.s fiery flood had left a blackened waste as for iis llie eye could reach.' I had passed my Freshman year in College, and was jnst a' out t>? enter the Sophomore, when 1 had a " chum*' assigned to me. IIis name was Jacob L ; lie was the son of a clergyman in the western part of the State. lie appeared to le somewhat verdant, avid 1 confess I was not backward in taking advantage of his itiex- ' pericnce. After his furniture had been , brought into the room which was to he our common habitation, ami properly arranged, ho requested me to look at the books which he hud brought with him, and inform him whether he needed any oilier that ho had not. I complied with his request, and then informed him that he still requirred ' one more to carry him through the studies of the term, lie naturally inquired wlmt it was. ; ? "Dr.- 's Modem Antiquities," I replied. "Where can I procure it?" he inquired. " Old JL'rex can luruisli you wilh a copy," I said. Strait down to " old Prux" lie went, and requested a copy of the work in question. ?? -WJiat do you want ?" inquired the ...^President, 'ffifk'A copy of your Morden Antiquities," grud Juke. " Modern what, Sir." "Modern Antiquities, Sir." s.' *Do .you kna>v what you are talking about?" inquirfd the President." Just then the fact that ho had been sold entered Jake's receptacle of wi'dom ; and mniiArniff^ftn inofliririi t. >tml somewhat tin jntelfigifclf^ apology, but no explanation, iie rushed'' oat of iho house in search of Lis chuin who had so easily sold liiin. He tlint gives good a.lvice, builds with 1. C&e- hand ; lie that gives good counsel mid . 1 example, builds with both; hut ho that gives good admonition and bad example* builds with one hand and pulls down with the oilier.?Jiucon, Loneliness.?The vaster tlio crowd, tlio more solitary the individual, the more lonely tlicj heart. 1 No one,' says ,1 recent writer, 'is known in London; it is tho realm of the ineor/nilo and tho anonymous. It is not a place, but a region, or a ! State. There is no such tiling as local ! opinion in the metropolis; mutual personal knowledge, there is none ; neighborhood, good repute, bad fame, there is none. No ; house knows tlie next door, liuw is a i man to >hew what he is, when ho is but i; grain of sand on* of a mass, without relations to others, without a place, without history, without distinctiveness? Crowds ' pour along tho streets 5 an<l although each I has their own character written on Hip;' t II 1 ' - 1 iu?-> iiKj .III one illlU UIU billllU 10 llll H U0j low.' This is true, though, of course, in a less degree, with every great city, especially to . lliu young and unfriended stranger. All i at once he passes from ' "lidst of a I ; friendly neighborhood ery one j Knows another, where the ~yo .very one j is mi his brother, and where t..? slightest I ineiileiit of weal or woe affecting any of | its members, is the theme of interested j converse around each cottage hearth?to an i almost absolute solitude. In fact, in those va-t wildernesses of streets, and lanes, and j noisome courts and alleys, of which the ! lower parts of our great cities consist, while ; the worst vices or social lite arc generate* 1 to ihc; utmost, socic-lv, in the ttue sense of the word, can scarcely be said to exist. 1 lii-re an: few or no lies of mutual knowl I edge, common interest and friendly neighborhood, such as bind the inhabitants of a j country side or of a small town together, and which make, a parish not a di*tiict, meivly, |.ut a living, organized society.? or I ft Hi ItixJi Jlvouti'. Jij'jtirtt ucc ifith a i\'ttv Set of Teeth.? We have been very much amused in listening to an acquaintance of ours when do sciiumjr ins expem-nee wttii a new set ol teeth. He remarked : " I have liatl all mv teeth pulled out, for, to tell tin* truth, I think they have hecu a eurse to me always rather than a Messing. Now, in their place I have had false ones put in, ami I must tell yon my experience with my new m:i>'icators. I felt when the 'set' was first put in, as though I had a couple of wheelbarrow* full of paving stones laving around loose in my mouth, and it seemed as it' they were- going to l>c spilled out i t every motion. The liist day I wailed till every one had done, not timing to make an exhibition of my teeth, and run the r;.?': of their dro|i|iinir on the table.? I Wt li, 1 chewed a lilll? ami stopped, clicn'cd | *Qa:u siti?1 ?=1 and finally wont t<? my room and lai'l the darned tilings on the back j :.rl of an upper shelf, thinking 111ey wore no go. Tin*, next day 1 tried them again, l?ut with little betb-r success, and after ibis I would carry them in my pockety occusiun-illy trying the things on, and every time experiencing some new emotion.? One day they would feel as much like a great horse shoe, with nails in it, as anything else; and tlien again I could.be certain that I h id a great circular wheel stowed under inv lips. Some of my experience was very comical. They served tile so many times, and I was rather getting tired of my bargain; but, by perseveronee, I have become used to their ways, and now tlii-y cannot get away from ine, as I know jnst how to manage them, and how to bite on them, an J bless from the bottom of my heart the inventor of false teeth. Sinyitl'ir Tradition.?Among the Sem inole Indians, there is a singular tradition regarding the white man's origin and superiority. They say that when the great 1 Spirit made the earth, lie also made three | men, all of whom were of fair complexion ; and that, after making them, ho led them . | to the margin of a small lake and bade | them leap therein and wash. One iirime- ! ! diately obeyed, and came from the water i purer than before ho bathed ; the second 1 did not leap in until the water had bo come s'ightly muddy, and when ha had 11 * juiiicu iic caine up copper-colored; llie third did not leap tilt (he wilier be-nme black with mud, and lie came out with its own color. Then the Great Spirit laid before them three packages of bark, and bade them choose ; and, out of pity for his misfortune in color, gave the black the fiihi cho co. lie took hold of each of the packages, and, having felt the weight, chose the heaviest; the copper-colored one then chote the second heaviest, leaving the while man the lightest. When the pack nges were openej: the first was found to contain spades, hoes, and all the implements of lillinr ! llio J -- wmv^uwwwmvI VII V* I HjJJHIU hunting, fishing and wnr liko apparatus ; llie third gave to the while man, pens, ink, and paper?tl.o engine of the mind?t^e mutual, menial improvement?the social link of huibanity?the foundation of the while iftgn's superiority. ;-L, ??? *? m U , wlip rarely shamed the devil once .said'of hie friend: 'Jack is n good fellow; but it must .hp confessed he has his failings. I am soriQfcto say so, but I will not tell a lie for any m?o. I love myi friend, hut I love truth sti II there.* ' My dear B ,' said a l>y btandeffjayiug his hand upon his shoulder, ' I never '.expected ! that you would have preferred if perfect I stranger to an old acquaintance,'?'*'' '* f GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE. J Gentlemen of (he Senate and JIuusc of lieprcsenlalives: After a year of unprceodenfe 1 licnhli, and the enjoy tin- it of many blessings from the band of a benetioent Creator, you, tin; chosen repiescntalives of the people, have j assembled to deliberate on the .'dlairs of the j Commonwealth, and to enact such laws as i you may think conducive to her welfare.? I In discharging this important duly intrus| ted to you by your constituents, you should j invoke the ai.l and counsel of One whose I judgment is unerring, and who rules the II lestinies of Slates us well as individuals. ^ No people who disregard the 1 >ivinc coin- ( mauds can bo prosperous and happy. An ( implicit confidence in (iod alone can {jive j you the wisdom to plan, and the ability to execute, ami upon this nni>t ever depend ? the successful administration of our public ^ affairs. There are certian cardinal principles which should, in my opinion, govern your legisI lativo action, to wit: To collect 110 more ^ (axes from the people than are absolutely ^ ' necessary for an economical administrai ! tu?n of the government; to avoid as much y I as possible creating a new, and to provide ^ for the oxtinguishmeut of tlio present pub j lie debt, so that our people may not be .j furpl'il !< niniitriiln I" ...... I.I !..> 1... ...1. of taxation, ami thus depopulate the State, j A pulilic debt in tliis country is not regarded as a public blessing, and to entail a heavy r) one upon posterity, would bo shrinking << from the responsibility of taxing ouiselves, H and doing the greatest injiitiee so them.? f, The individual who would leave his estate t| to his children covered with bonds and ai mortgage?, would not be regarded as a c, prudent or thrifty parent, and what would ti be unwise in an individual, applies equally ^ to an aggregation of udividuals, called the e, State. Although our taxation is not as js heavy as in many of the new States, it must w be remembered that they have a virgin soil, 0| and from the ability to make better crops are w better able to bear taxation. And many persons are kept in our State who would e| emigrate, if with less ability to pa)*, the xv imru^us were as nenvy as elsewhere. Al- c; though the crop of this Slste is not a large n| one, ami particularly the provision crop, L vet l>y prudent management and a wise tl ecoiiouiy, our people may he able to get r< almig without the importation of much a; grain, until the harvesting of the next crop. I> Tile great scarcity of corn in some of the <1' upper districts was in part brought ahout d l?y the numerous distilleries in operation, si thus converting the staff of life into a al sluvv hut sure poison. And while our Leg- Ii Mature has heen tenacious of the rights of Ii llio people, in a pecuniary point of view, tl hy refusing to repeal the usury laws, for in fear of leaving them a prey to speculators tl and usurers, their health and lives have n been unattended to, by allowing their food L to be converted into ardent spirits, to encourage a debraved and vitiated appetite- P Tlio tax on stills should amount to proliibitiou of their use, or at least high d enough to raise an income sufficient to p support the paupers they inanufacturo. ai Finance.?The report of the Comptrol- u ler will exhibit the financial condition of ^ ilie State in all its details, and to jt I re- 'c fer you for information on that point.? I' Tlio banks, so far as I can learn, are in a Cl sound and healthy condition, prepared to (' discharge all their obligations, and furnish M a sound and stable currency for the State. ^ Without being disposed to question the ? wisdom of the Act of tlio Legislature in " relation to keeping a certain amount of 11 specie in their vaults, I would respectfully '' suggest, that while it would fail to remedy t: the evil of a suspension, (the hanks frc- , quenily suspendinding with much less spo- ^ cio in their vaults than is now required,) it j is an unnecessary lax ur.ou them, without 1 || any great public good growing out of it.? ^ The banka, however, should not lie exemp ted from a strict accountability ; but it seems to me the best blan would bo to put ? ilium immediately in liquidation upon tho ^ suspension of specie payments, and compel Ltiem to close business until new charters are obtained, open to all who may choose . to subscribe, as when the banks wero first chartered. If this is deemed too severe a ! " penalty for suspending, something milder ini"ht be eubstitulcd thitt would tend to provent a suspension, except under the j mnftt. nr/><ns!nor ni>cne?llw r o i, Census of the Free While Inhabitant*.? t The Act of the lust session requiring ft cen- t sou of the free white inhabitants of the 1 Stato to be taken, and returns made on I oath at the Secretary of State's Office in 1 Columbia, by the first of August last, has 1 been harried out; with the exception of tlte ' Parishes of St. Thomas and St. Dennis.? Samuel F. Martin, the census taker for these ] Parishes, liaving failed to make a return, I 1 appointed George G. Ilnrmin, who has ne- < cessarily made a return after the time re ' quired bylaw,hut in all other.^enpeclB in I ^conformity thereto. Tho Legislature hav- ^ ing omitted to provide-for printing the. <J books necessary for the census-taker^ I aa" i thorizeel the Stat? Jfrifller to pr^pa/e then). TIia rAlnrna nr? fifail in tli? nfflna n.C il? ? - ? ?? y." . */rr ywyv yi v>*u i Secretary of St ?lo, subject toyourinspection and disposition. ' ; . _ quiring ihe action, of llicr Go w-ppr, ;U"(\jv "' I'll ecu attended to. i\(iliturv Joiiuni? ? lion, consisting of tlijcti persons, has ?cei? appointed, and \vj report to yon at lie present session. Ahiuiission consistnof tliroe persons ( been appointed 1 or the purpose of iiivc.'ating the health- j ill condition of IbilTs |ii>|, with especial 1 eferenes to its suit:il>ljss as a Quaran? 1 1 lie Station. The contusion consists of 1 Ion. Charles Macbeth,on. Win. I. i?nll I mil Dr. John L. 1 >awsowho will also re>nrt to yon. Under U resolution "an horizing and etnpowciV' the Governor I I o Imvo the laws relati to tlie powers j ( ind duties of Commissit-rs of the Poor | lolleclc'l ami printed, tV' I appointed I'M- ' , mind Jtellinger, \? has discharged j ( ho duty in a sati.-factoryanner, and been | , aid out of the continjjt fund. 15. K. j, Vrlhnr, ICsq., was cm>y< d to record | The correspondence ji documents of' ^ lie officers of tho l'alitto Regiment," ; f nd the papers were at in his pos- t ession for that purpo* but it teems I ( liat he entertained so? doubts of his ! j owers, and the construon to be given j, o the resolution, llu si, in a letter to ! , ic: "All the papers wth I deemed of j alue have been recjordediut the volume!' ill not be bound or indetl until instruct- t ions arc received from tliL'-gislature."? { 'lie accompanying letteoill more fully | xpiaui me uniicuilies, ai I refer you to : , . for further information. | , JYao State JIuuse.?Hjtferencc to the | port of the Com in issior of llio new j late House, it will h^cen that the ( hole disbursements for tljast fiscal year, >r the building, araounteto the buiii of iree hundred and forty-ght thousand j nd forty-four dollars . ai: twenty-seven j tits, ($.348,044.21) and lli au ajipropria- ^ on of four hundred thoutid dollars will e necessary for the prcseiifear. Wliaticr differences of opinionhay have ex- ' ted as to the proiety of qumeticing the <>rk, no doubt can now o entertained f the necessity of its coplcliou. The ( oik is evidently progressin with as mueh ipidity as practicable, au the beauty, ^ logance and durability ofho structure, ill commend itself to evy one, ami I 1 in not hesitate to recommcj the desired I ppropriation. By a rcsation of the ' cgisliilure, tlio Commisskur was " an 1 lorized and directed" to ha) the records ! jinoved to tlic new Slate fouse as soon ' < the temporary shelves w?c completed ; lit in the exercise of a wis<liscretion, he 1 L-clined removing them on mount of the 1 limpness of the vaults, whi? would have riously injured them, and indered them Imost as useless as if destrofd hy fire.? i order to protect the State House from re, I have employed a guar, at a cost of lirly seven and a half dollar (37.50) per lonth, and shall continue I do so until io house is covered and tit1 records re10veil, unless otherwise ducted by the egislatnre. The Militia System.?In reviewing a ortion of the militia the 1st summer, I Kind a great disinclination I do militia uty, and in some instances whole comanies refused to muster. Tie Adjutant nd Inspector General was tistructed to se all the means in his powr to punish y fines, this disobedience of Aw, and ncg:ct of duty, but the disaffection in some laees was so general, that il will be dilliilt to get a court-martial organized to try efaulters. Having appointdl a Commis011, according to a resolution of your ody, to examine into and retort to you ii the militia system, I do rot deem il ecossary to make any recotilix-udation in ,'lalion thereto; but somelliig must be one soon, or n general disorgwization will ike place. The Lmos.?In the discharge of tlie flit-ale and responsible duty in posed on ie Executive by the Constitutbn, to see lat tlie laws are faitlifully ocecutcd in lercy,' I have had occasion, in lome cases, > pardon or commute the puiishment of riininals ; but I have been -eyeful not to rant pardons capriciouly, or without tlie lost satisfactory reas< ns. In ftpplications )r pardon, arguments are frequently used -) show that the punishment is dispropor* loned to the offence, and tha: the ends of lstice would be accomplished by a milder > iiiishment. But I cannot consent, in lhif> iimmary way, to repeal the lawiof the land, nd set up my judgment in their stead. It \ the province of the Legislature to pass iws, and to amend ihein when they operate iijunousiy, or unjustly, ana in ?tlie disharge of my duty, the recponsiliiliiy shall io left where it belongs. For my part, I lave few alteration* or amendments of the aws to recommend, believing that, as n whole, they are wise and salutary; and referring to have an occasional esse o( inrdsLip, rather than frequent changes, naking it uncertain what the law-is. > A person guilty of a breach of trust should, in my opinion, be punished with as much >r more severity than larceny;-for tlx guo.anirjw1 in boih cases it. the same, nnc the former, iti addiIioff o wioked iulen lion, violates the eonudtnea reposed u birtr, afld deserves hfcfurof a\>lie hands o the la,w:. The Cwshier or Telltr w^io fta Mm- cb??<l?i.? The substitution of a small tax in llio t il.icc of days1 work on Ilie road, so fie- '? pietitly recommended l>y my predecessors, 1' ivouM bo tlie means of keeping the r<>a<ls !l n much better order, and is, in all respect*, ' referable (o the present system. The I ilanter is required to send his hands to | ' .vork the roads, frequently under iiiefliciciil \ >verseers, who keep them several days do- : 11 ng tin- work lliey ??ni?h?. to do in one, j 1 ivlien, for half the amount of the worth < 1' jf the work of the hands, judiciously ex- , c '.tended, the roads could be kept in finer ] " julor all tlie year. s Some uniform rule for the treatment and a management of prisoners should ho adopt- a <1. 1 have heen informed thai, the treat- I1 in-lit of piisoners is regulated, in many instances, hy the regard in which tliev arc j ' n-Kl hy the sherilf or jailor, or l?v their;0 msition in society. Some incnrsc.ratcd fur '' iafe keeping only, have heen confined to a iinglc room, while others, convicted of iriine, and the imprisonment intended as a mnishment, have heen allowed the extrandinary privelege of going from room to 1' ootn, enjoying the company and eompan- P oiiship of their friends and acquaintances. ' I'liere should he some distinction made he- " ween imprisonment for crime, and impris>ninent for safekeeping; othetwiso tlio " iuiii>hment for high crimes and misdemea- e ioi s will he merely nominal, and the jailor nay confine a witness (who, on account of w lis being a stranger, cannot give bail for a lis appearance to testify in the trial of n '? iriiiiinal case,) in the niest uncomfortable c ooin in tlie prison. I am aware of tlie '* liflb-uity of properly regulating this mat- " er, lilt some improvement certainly can il ie made, if the evil cannot be entirely rem- 11 rilled. ' fAs tlie law now stands, the owner of a I1 tlanlalion with less than fifteen bauds, is ll lot compelled to reside on bis place fur v nore tlian six months in the year, ami is ]> iot required even to keep an overseer, or v >iber while man thereon. It seems to me '' hat as much damage might be done by 'J caving fifteen hands without a proper su>ervision, as a larger nltmber, and in the j, [>reseut slate of affairs, exposed as we are :o secret emissaries inciting our slaves to ? insubordination ami insurrection, the law 1 s should bo altered so as to compel every t jug that owns a farm, with any quantity of | negroes, to reside thereon all the year ' round, or keep a white man constantly on * the place. The alteration of the law may produce some inconvenience to a few indi- ( viduals, hut saeiifices must he made for the general welfare ; and without desiring to ' dictate to others in the management of ^ their property, I am peifectly satisfied that ( the presence of a white mail will alwavs , amply compensate tho owner for anjT out- i lay of money necessary to keep one. * A short experience has shown that some modification of the law in relation to tho J Normal School, for the instruction of fe- ( male teachers, is desirable. The school is i completely organized with a good corps of i teachers, but thero is a diHuulty in iTidu- ' cing pupil* from the country to avail tliein- ' selves of its advantages. Ti:o school be- , ing at the public expense, and those who i come from the country being required to become teachers, parents who have means sufliciant to educate their children seem unwilling to send them, from false pride or some other motive; and those whose necessities would induce them to put aside their pride, are unable to hoard their dauglr ters while going to school. I would, therefore, suggest that provision bo made for paying tho hoard of a small number o' girls froin each district, to be selected by the delegation, or in any other way that may he satisfactory ; or if it is thought more advisable, or better calculated to make them feel that they are not depending entirely on tho Stale for their education, a portion of their board might be provided for, and tho balance paid by themselves.? This arrangement would put tho girls in the country more on an equal footing with those in the city, and after a few are edu cated and return home, others who are able and willing to pay their own board may b? induced to avail themselves of the sehoil; and thus distribute through the country female teachers to suppy all our wants, without being dependent upon the North. The Catawb'i Indians.?The remnant of this tribe of Indians, within the limits of this State, merits your care and guardianship. They were the friends of the col-' onists, and some of thein took, up arms and rendered good service during the Rev olulionary war. Ifniinling our example at the close of" the war; they would not be governed any logger by li king, but .elected , rulers with tho tit lea of general, colonel* : ?fcc.; and they have} always been docile i and harmless, there being no instance of a 1 criminal prosecution against one of them. >* It 5i?? been tho policy, of the State to reI move them. West %to *somo new country, - where, tl^ey could indulge tlu-ir favorito > sports am^pwtitneer bnt^on a'recent visit f to their/neighborhood. Ijound, from a convenation with one of tli^ir chiefs, tj^t heir return. This report may induee them 11 to go, am! I havg 110 donht, up>?n ajv lieation to tIks General (Sovernmcnt, tm ppropriatiou would ? ? :? lily I"' made for heir removal. Ail appropriation of five housaud dollars was made l>v ('oiijjivrs in In: year to lemove the I'atawha Inlaus, luit lapsed into the genera' treasmy ii -Inly, 1S."?7, as it was not railed for, and, lierefore, eannot he used without a re-ap ropriatioii !?y ('oii^ress. Information reeived from ' the Superintendent of Indian flairs of the Southern Superiutendeney,' atislies 1110 that the (Jhoetaws have an hundauee of territory hotli for themselves lid the ('atawhas; hut they expect colli ensation for furuidiing the Catawhas witli ml, :uul allow them to conn- :m?< >ii<^ I item. In; money appropriated I?v < .'ongre-s could , nly l?c UH'il for tlicir removal; but. about j ive thousand dollars roulil be obtained for j lieir lands in \ oil; 1'istriet, and this, to? oilier with the balance due by the >tate in exlinguidiiiig their title to what i called the. Indian Land, would, in all irobahility, lie Kufliciciit to effect the do? ired arrangement u ith the (Jlmelaws. In lie event of a failure to induce them to re love, it is evident wo should not compel liciii to go, hut endeavor to make them seful citizens, extending to them the lientils of education and religion. A plain nilding might he erected on their land, rdiieli would answer the double pnrpo-o of scboul house and a house of worship; nd a teacher employed lo educate their hildren, allowing them, also, the piivil ' jo to invite :i minister, of whatever dcomination they may ciiuom', to preach to liein ?)ii Sundays, or such other days as jay suit his convenience. The chief in? ii uu'il me that lln-y would like lo have reaching, and tliat there were ahont eigli? [>en children, inanv of whom, if not all ' . ould lie sent lo school if they had an oj>lortuuity. I am aware that many persons, krlio know the Indians well, think their labits cannot ho. changed l?y education, and tie instance is {riven of an i>..'ucatcd Inlian lapsin.r into liis former habits; but lie cost will be small, and the experiment a well worth a fair trial. The Lunatic Asylum.?It a fiords me rreat satisfaction to say that lliis iixtiltiion lias exceeded in usefulness the most anguine expectations of its founders. Our iwn State was among the first in the lieuibliu to set tht; example of providing for hat class of unfortunate beings deprived >f their reasoning faculties : And it lias >een followed all over the Continent, tlis tensing innumerable blessings broatlcast >ver the lautl. From comparatively a .mall beginning, the number of patients las increased to two hundred and fortyeven under treatment this year?one Intuited and twenty live males and one litm1 red and twenty-two females. The ma!e> tccupv the new buiiditrr, containing lift\ ..... d..,,t.ia .....i ...... ...w.v, ...... ioino instances live patients have been' iiado to occupy the same room, owing t > .lie fact, that curtain classes of inmates, iy the regulations of the house, are en* litled to separate apartuieuts. It wil1, therefore, bo absolutely necessary to dis inisH residents from other States, and all >f tlu-m paying patients, or increase tlie accommodations by erecting another build ing. The former would be inhuman in the extreme, to say nothing of the decrease of revenue by substituting paupers for high paving patients. I, therefore, respectfully recommend an appropriation of fitly tlious and dollars to complete the centre building, represented in the general plan. Tim We-?t Asylum, appropriated exclusively to females, is amply sufficient to meet every contingency which may reasonably be expected for some time to come. By an Act of the last Legislature, the amount allowed for the support of paupers was increased from ?100 to $135 a year; but from information received from the Super iutendeiit, obtained by actual experience, as well as the average coot for support ihi* an insane person id Lite oilier asylums in llio United Slates, nut less than ?105 will meet tlie necessary expenses; ami unless such an increase is made, the piofii derived from paying patients will have to lie applied to meet the deficiency, instead of us'u:g it for necessary repaits, improvements, amusements, and other cuiauve appliances. When it is remembered that our asylum has been a self sustaining iioiitu ion, not calling upon the State fur a dollar to that end, it seems to me that the Stale cannot hesitalo to pay the fiUI amount necessary to support its paupers, as well as ample building accommodation* for its inmates. Military Academy.?The wisdom of converting the Magazine Guard into a Military Academy, is now beyond a qui 8 lion, and the most sanguine expectations have been more than fulfilled, in turning out annually a class of iiReful, scientific and military men.;, and, at the same time, furnishing a reliable guard for iho pubHo arm?.\ Young men are sent out from these school* competent to train the citi zen soldiery whenever their services ma\ be required, and thua we have at conmmnd At all times, I he means of an vflicieut or gnnitrtViph. "t<J yieet any emergency ilia mny -nrine. Muob credit ?? due to lln Board of 'VUHorfy and "particularly its lieu<l for the.oncc^a and usefulness of ' the insti. ttiljon. I cheerfully recbmmehd to ,th ^Legislature ?t? continued aupj-ort; aim feel Riili.Uiyd that the money Expended couli not bo 'appr6pr'int?d to a purpo?u bulU? calculated to the Sim? for her de fence, and,profane,the,honor mid welfa. qf be? ciijjefaliiv Since jour adjourninei 11 ? nil n I ? ii i 11 ?3? ?! ? Kimart tfrni-?WBMWW> The South Carolina ('oilvac.?Tlii? institution, uutlcr llio it'lniiuiMialion of its :il>|i' lica.I, nssistfti liy :i hotly of competent 1'iofessois, i.i <lesi'rw<lly popular through? out. tin* StiiW. There iiio occasional eases I ilUsntisliiftion ami i-otnitt ; but, ti|m examination, it will ho found tlint the fault li?t? with llio pupil rather than tin; Kunltv. Ml.- ami <li.-si|iate<l yoUUg men cannot. expect to lie allowed to re? main in tin: t'olh-^e, setting an example of iiu'ultoriliuntioti ?inl i.i-h t - j ..... hiiii^ iiuih.i irmii :i 1':tiIlit'ti 1 tlis"li;ni;o of their duties. Thil |irnni|il and decided action of the Kaeuity, in the Spring of 1.S5H, in suspending a larj?e it 111111><-i o!' students lur disolii*dieucc. Iris liiiil a very wholesome inlliicnco in preserving >i<!?.-r and decorum, and tlirro Mvms (w lie a tacit acknowledgment of IIi<> necessity <>f t?tiict discipline. ;in<I an acjui? i'X'i-ih'i' llin ii'. Ivv'ri v dollar expended for tli College !ia?. I i.'f? repaid wit!i compound inti-rc-.t, ami the aliiiiini of the in.ill Ulioii will compaic I'avoiaMy willi those of any other College. I recommend a contiiiuanco iif ymir patronage, ami a liberal appropri? alion I'm any puiposc lliat may increase its prosperity and usefulness. Jiirlhs, Jtca/hx <iikI ^\f<iri!n;jr.i.?T?y rcfei eticc to the Iteporl of the Registrar for tin; present year, vmi w ill see lliat llio returns are. .still incomplete, hut far mora accurate and complete than heretofore, ami we may reasonably expect each succeeding year a decided impiovement. It is, therelore, an ciicouragciucii I to go on until wo aciptiie a mass of information in relation to three of the most, interesting periods of man's existence. The trouble to individuals annually to give tlie desired infor mull' ii, is more than counterbalanced by the great good which will result from llie acquisition i?t" such valuable inforinatioii, not only to llie physician, but to tlio philanthropist. (j'cotiH/icul i'ml Jfrt'illuff/icol Surrey.? The term of the jip|?>iii(iii?*iii of < >.<car M. Lichcr, lv??j., as Slato (irologisl, for four years, will expire on llu 22d December next, having been ordered at the Sessioni id' Not one half of the. area of the Slate has been surveyed, although perhaps half (d* the labor has been performed. Tlio work having been begun, it would be uiiwi-e not lo go on to its completion; and, all hough inuidi time lias been spent, the importance of a thoroughly accurate sur' vey, rather than a hasty ami impelled one, will at once be apparent. I would, there loir, respectfully rcromincnd a continuance of the survey f??r another term, in which time it can l>o fully and accurately completed. I woulil also suggest that the tielil duties of the Geologist will not permit him to devote sufficient time and aiicntioti to analyzing ores, soils, manures, Arc., and lhat if a small appropriation wnar made to employ sonic chemist who had a * well furnished laboratory to analyze tho ores, ifce., it would not only better enahlo the Geologist to devote his whole attention to his particular branch, but save the expense of preparing a laboratory, and, in. the end, (Hint the State less. For more detailed information, L refer you to the report of Mr. Oscar M. Licber, which ia herewith transmitted. Murine School of Charleston.?It is with pleasure I refer to this institution, which isnow in its infancy. The want of such one has been felt for a lni.? ! ?<? ?? ' Q i???11*5 aa till HU* jiinet to the cominou school system. Tho love of a sea faring life, with some boysv is innate ; and when cultivated tinder proper instruction, is of great importance to even an agricultural people. Commerce is the haudm til of agriculture, and the connection between tlieni intimate. Thoone is always dependent on the other, and both should he fostered and encouraged hy the State. This school was inaugurated: <>n the 1 Gill of May last, under (he supervision of a hoard of twelve trustees, appointed hv the Charleston l'ort Society.. Their vessel, called the Lodebar, was hauled into tho stream, ami sixteen pupils commenced their nautical life. Since that period the number has been increased tothirty boys, from tho age of twelve toeighteen years. The vessel and all her equipments have been paid for, togelhec wiiu mo victualling and clothing of her voithful crew, and tliu education of them lias been provided for by liberal subscrip? tioiis from the merchants of Charleston and other benevolent persons, and also a? liberal subscription of twelve hundred dollars has been made by the City Council. Tlic fin in contributed by ail amounts to, about nine thousand dollars. Under the? present aspect of our public affairs, it becomes our duty to encourage every enter? prise which will render us independent of our. ' Northern neighbors. While wo are pro-viding for our colleges and military itisti? Unions, let us not bo unmindful of our com?meree and the protection of our coubU. lly providing for this nursery for the navy and mercantile marine, wo may be furnishing a number of sturdy und capable c?p?1 tains for our coasting trade and vessels ofr war. The course of instruction is a plain. Kngltsh education; accompanied with nait tical science. Tlia school is now in sue?1 cftsnful operation, ami in ordfer to ihcrenae> 3 .its numbers and usefulness, 1 respectfully;- .; f.\ M [ rcoomtnend hii appropriation of five tlious?- , < 0 and dollars towards its support. '.'/?