University of South Carolina Libraries
jCiV' """" P", BOtrrafittN FffBLICATIONS. ; The R3v. C. K. Marshall, of Mississippi, , ' ( in a letter to the New Orleans Picayune, revffeWs the resources of the South and concludes that if the South would act upon her arithmetic, she would not stay in the present Union threo months. Wo extract from his letter some suggestions regarding tho establishment of publishing houses at tho South : The great question to bo solved is, how can wo induce "tho establishment of largo publishing houses amongst us?" J>ly plan may 1101 i>e me uest, out 1 snail contimio to suggest it now ami then, till something better is offered. It is for our Legislatures to place at the disposal of their Governors from ?5,000 to ?10,000, to ho used in the encouragement of tho production of homo school and text hooks. Let it bo provided that any number of .States shall co-operato together by railing committees to act as umpires, to bo nominated by the Governors of such States. Suppose ten States to adopt tho plan. Each Stato has a committee of say seven ; out of that number they elect two (o act 011 a joint committee formed of two of each State committco of the ten States. Then we liave twenty scholarly educated, enlightened gentlemen composing a committee who sluill offer premiums for such works as they want. For instance, they otler $10,000 for the best work on moral philosophy, adapted to our schools, h would not bo many months till such works perhaps from a dozen pens, would bo found competing t'u me prize. The <lay of adjuduv.-.tou auives. All tho Stalo committees have examined tiio several works ami given their votes ami the elioiee is known. Tho announcement is made public. From that Jay oil. not an order would bo sunt, >'?r tho abolition text books, now used, to the Northern publishers.? Any printer in New Orleans?tho smallest job ollico, the owner ot' which owns nothing else, and " poveity hourly staling," <-.mi easily atFord to pay the successful author, (on time, and not very long time,) *10,000 for his manuscript. So tho author has made ?'20.000 to start with. And the struggling jobber might nafely esteem himself in a safe condition, if prudent and persevering. For orders for the book would come faster than lie could possibly supply them, though he might set a number of Hoe'* steam presses at "work. Q..J. ~ 1 1- ...! A L ? 1 . --- l ft - IJUV-ll it UUUK llll<r|lL I1UL Lie as gouu, iiuer all, as tlio committee desired, but it being free from lies, perversions, anti-scriptural dogmas, sophistries, and withal, highly reepectablu, it niigiit bo esteemed not only safe, but an advancement. And they wuulu see that, the ball once in motion, and ai cliors ottered remuneration, and the South bent on having her own books, their crvices as arbiters would not long be required. The thing would work its own way. Suppose now, the same truo of primers, spelling booki, readers, geographies, histories, arithmetics, works on mathematics, languages, &c., &c., and the joint committee pronounces in favor of each, as they are deemed worthy. Why, sir, within a year or two your city would concentrate an interest or ownership in some four, fivo or 6ix such premium woiks, and you would see one or two publishing houses of the largest magnitude, and noblest enterprise, engaged in such publications, to be found in America. The fact is we must do something to give a popular gaurantce of tlie patronage and RuIa nf niir hnnl'C WO rton nob- ? ??_ thors and publishers to hazard tho labors of a life timo from mere patriotic or pious philanthropy in their production. Does not the French Academy of Sciences pursue a similar plan 1 Were not the Bridgewater Treatises, and many other most valuable works produced by some such arrangement ? Butj some one will ask, why not let authors pubiiah their books and lay them before the people, and leave it to their good sense to judge of their merits and adopt them without prizes and the intervention of committees ? For obvious reasons ; to not many of which can wo now refer. But, in tho first place, several authors have tried it and failed. I have numerous letters from Ruch writers pnd know their difficulties.? Teachers generally want the books for their schools, out of which they themselves learned, and sneer at all others?not unfro* quently. Then tho Bookseller has ruuliing account at a Northern or Eastern publisher's, and buy.^ on perhaps twelve months'' timo, and between tho two, the now dook is Kept entirely out of any town or neighborhood where it miglit, under other auspices, find a ready sale and valuable use. Ucsides, an author ennnot now-a adays, afford to wait the old, tedious, tortoise-paced process of letting a hook creep into notice and usu for tho benefit of his grand children, lie must be paid for his labor. Northern authors grow independent?rich, indeed, by getting their books at onco into thousands of schools. Now, can a Southern book, printed and published ut home, hope, unaided by some efficient method of popularizing it, to get into so general a use as to indemnify the author and publisher in a reasonable length of time for their toil ? I think not. The stone to balance tho grist is not only found on the back of the mill-boy's pony, but in tho pulpit, the marts of trade, and the school-bouse. The despotism of habit drives tho teacher to prefer the books ot his boyhood to all oilier?, for boyhood with boolu. I would heap such books, with some abatement, in a general pile, and pray for (Iritnr tvifli 1?5? 1 '* ...... ...a tvribii, iimi ii lie came not at the call, I would fire the mass myand force Uie teacher to become a learner an well as the pupil; and both should use the books prescribed by the ?g?. ' Another difficulty is found in the fact thatv.wifliout some such popular gauranlee, ^ suggested, no publisher ceuld afford to A&ifeblype such books as might be offered, 'Hfiff'lf So, -he could only publish them at tw exw^ioiof the authbrT who has no ing've tha assurance of suc??, fttti so he feeds the mice with bis I ?6 all the time for not merely getting up, writing and making books nt home, but &r Crtf?u?gan? publishing them at home, ?aout from P?? by The Legisjrflure of Mississippi will act 01 this matte* I believe, at its approaching session. If wolild have done s<? lust win ter, I but for tho sudden and pro tractod illness of the lion. Win. L. Sharkey who took a warm interest in the matter and was preparing a bill to introduce whei tak'Mi sick. ' What)'*say the people of Louisiana Texas, and Alabama, and other sister States It will l>e remembered that the great Com mcrciul Convention of Charleston, S. C., ii 18.*) I, recommended the Southern States t adopt &ucli a plan. The same resolution wero re-aliinncu at llio convention held n your city in January, 1SJ5, ami seven gen tlemen?among wlmm were the lamciile* 'Senator I >?\vsi?n, of Georgia; 1>. K. Ken tier, of New < >ileans; M. T. Johnston of Texa-; II??n. J. S. Preston, South Care lina ; IT. \V. llilliard, Alabama, ?fcc.?wor appoinud a committee to bring the snbjec to the attention of tho several legislature referred to. As chairman of that coinmitto I have done something; but I have bcei desirous of seeing my own State take th lead, after which I may take courage fo further action. One word moro, and I close for tho pre? cut, though too much hurried with othe duties to do justice to ibis subject at prcs cut. We shall never have a widely circulate* ! influential Southern literature until w : adopt moasuies for the encouragement c roimtueiaive authorship. Lot us awak an.I iiso, as surely we musl, or "be fore\c j fallen." Allow me to ndd, that while no earthl; consideration oouU! iudiuv mo to dahhlo ii : p '!!::?:#, my life ari ;n\ all shall ho givei t.i liie lulvir, . i:.. is! and upbuilding of uu , educatioi i?v every fair and laud ahle means in which 1 can co-oppra'e will ' the numerous ami ahle t rio ads of tiic eausc i liespcctfullv, "0. K. MAUSIIALL. The fact we are about to relate lias tli< very rare merit of truth combined will the pleasant excitement of the wonderful Sutne time ago, a friend of ours pur chased a number of picture frames, taste fully made of acorns and handsomely stain cd and varnished, which he placed in hi library at his country house. The ensuiiu season he and his family departed ou i ratncr distant tour, and lor some month: the country house remained closed and im tenanted. The season was an unusnalh damp one during their absence, and upoi their return it w:is deemed advisable to hav their rur;d homestead well aired and diied b; constant tires in all the rooms before iuhab iting it again. Orders to this effect wer therefore dispatched, and the opening be gnu undtr the direction of the old house keeper. Window and door were fluiij wide open one after another, letting in tin sunshine to mildewed walls and hangings until the " household corps" arrived at th library, when, as the first pair of shutter swung back, the broezc 11 uttered in am played on the walls with a sound as c rustling foliage, causing a universal am startled movement of eyes in the directio of the sound. That the astonishment o the gazers was by no means lessoned whe they beheld the cause of the rustling, ou readers will easily credit when we inforn 1 #i..? ' lii.il several acorns oil eacli piutur frame had sprouted, and a grove of minii ture oaks were gently waving their tin boughs and fluttering their dark green lea less around the majestic brows of Wasl ington, and Franklin, and Adams, and half dozen others of our venerable falhci of the Republic. Nature herself had bit ken through her accustomed laws to crow these patriot heroes with her own wreatli of honor, and offer, even in hor dyin struggles, this beautiful tribute to the memory. Now is not this fact worth all the fabh of Seherzerade or Swift, a hundred tiint over ??Philadelphia Evening Journal. The Duuubian Principalities.?Th Damibian Principalities, Moldavia and Wa lat'hi-i, previous to the Russo-Turkish wa wen; under the suzerainty of Turkey, will out, however, being absolutely dependence j of il. it power. They have paid iribute to ill j LVnle, tut have always claimcd separat govrrnin'jiit.s, made their own laws, an I ami have been ruled by their Jlospodars., The C/. iv r! liming the protectorate ove 1 the (i i ? ?*!c subjects of tlie Ottoman empiri anil l::w Sultan refusing to recognize ill claim, a Russian army was Rent again: ('onrtaiitinoplc, through the Prineipalilie They were opposed with determined braver by a Turkish army under Omar I'ashi and after the celebrated siege of Silistri; withdrew across the Danube. Their witl drawal, however, was caused by ihe lani ing of the Allied forces at Varna, and tli fear that their retreat would bo thus ci c>(T. The Russians accordingly retired int Ressarabio, and soon after tha war wf transferred to the Crimea. During th | siege of Sebastopol, Russia offered to giv j up her claims in regard to the protectorat | of the Principalities, and as a sort of glial I um.ee oi nor good faith in tlio matter, sh testified lier willingness that Austria shoul enter upon a military occupation. Tli Austriaus entered tho Principalities, an have now signified their intention to rcniai there til! the houudary question of Hcssnr; l>ia dv-linitely settled. A commission aj pointed by the Peaco Congress was directe to meet at Bucharest, for the purpose < re-organizing the government of the Princ p.-ilities, in accordance with the treaty < Paris, Btid the action of this commission is 1 he submitted to the second Congress, wbic is to meet at Paris, for final determim lion. >? ? A Kansas-Skrieker Attaching Negroes.1 Wn ?. ??? ?1? * ' *--* ? niu luiiowmg num Uic 1'iovidenc Post: " A manufacturing firm in tliis city, tli members of which nro loudly proclnimin their love of freedom, and nro battlin warmly for the republicans on account * their hatred of slavery, men who go aboi charging Democrats with being pro-slaver men, during tho present season have s< ' cured a debt in the South by attaching n< i groes and selling them at auction under a execution ; and now have in their treasur , the proceeds of a sale of negroes." - Bound for Kansat.?Extract from a 1c tor to the Editor, dated " In camp on th bank of the. Des Moines River, Iowa, Oc " Wo bare tfcea, in- the Ave (fays fror Burlington, no lew than six oreiulit Imt area men, Ail armed, boumjfor KansnS/ taw Jim Lane in Burlington on? day laa Wdok,' He W?t ort bur'way. East, after ri ortrife. Yesterday wa pawed two eapnom carried.uuderUie naroo of rtaj#r?,n*- Wad inriLon Star. ... ... ?ririv? at fl?? rate of throe thoi ?md Ave hundred weekly. 2Mi? ; ABBEVILLE BANNER. WILLIAM O. ?>AVI8 EDITOR. ' THURSDAY HORNING, NOV. 13, 1856. J POTATOES. It will bo sucn thai Mr. John A. Cai.i, iioun nilvLiti uts win? hundred bushels ol Potatoes for sale, llo has presented lis J" a basket of them ns a specimen. We can 0 truly say, that they arc the finest we have s seen this season ; wo suppose they would ii average three pounds in weight. j I RESULT OF THE ELECTION. - I We trive the following as the result ol i, tlio election. The tabic is partially based upon telegraphic dispatches, but wo nppre? hond it will prove to bo correct: FOR lll'CIIANAN. I KOU FREMONT. Pennsylvania, 27 | Maine, F n Noi'ili Curolinn, 10 Vermoutt I II | South Carolina, 8 New Hampahire, i y i iScorgin, 10 Rhode IhIuikI, .] r Alabama, ? Connecticut, (1 Mississippi, 7 New York, JJS Virginia, 15 Ohio, '2.1 > Florida, 3 Michigan, <i r Arkansas, ! Wisconsin, f j. Trxn*, -1 Iowa, 4 Missouri, 'J Massachusetts, 13 . I liuliutiit, i:t ' J Tcniu'sso**, 12 114 o | K out uuky, 1~ if Louisiana, ? FII.I.MOIttS. 0 |)<>lttwnr<?, !l Mary lami, > XoW Ji'ISi'V, li ?? r Illinois, 11 tlorilTKl'l.. California, 4 y 10'J " THE PRESIDENCY. ' The stupendous game for tho Presidency . whii-li lias been playing for the last twelve 1 months, may now he numbered among the ' things that are past. It is now ascertained beyond a doubt, that tho Democracy hold? tho highest trump, and will sweep tin stakes. Whether the triumph of tho Dcini t. _c .1... it. vuiativ jiaiij is n 11 mill Jill Ul Uie V II101) ? whether sectionalism is to he crushed down - and the Union perpetuated, is yet one ol - the great problems to bo solved by the ads ministration of Mr. Hccuanan". * We regard the late contest as a battle i 1 between tho constitutional right" "f *V j. rmd tins v- .-^iiliiiieiit ol ? tli'j Auilh ; and it may be said with truth 1 that the anti-slaveites. abolitionism and ne y ?ro philanthropy, have sustained a Water. loo defeat; yet wo know from their blind Li iGnlltllSV nnd invnfArnf.? tw>U.wl C* - J J y <Mtvi.vai?i.u iiiiilVll VI 111C omiui ' and her institutions, that they will not "give '' lip the ghost"?that though defeated, thrj * are still our enemies, and will again rally tini, der their black banner to do battle against o Southern rights. * Tho leaders of this party are a class o1 j. inen who maintain their power by slavery \ agitation?" to whom a state of ordei n would become a sentence of obscurity.? 'f They arc nourished into a dangerous mngni 11 tudo by the heat of intestino disturbances |f , . , , n and it ia no wonder that by a sort of suns 0 ter piety, they cherish in their turn the dis i- orders which are the parents of all theii >' consequence." f- W 1.1 -1- >' i .i. m? ituum yi.iuiy nope mat some l)ok 1 measure inav be instituted ero the aclmiriis ,3 tration of Mr. Buciiaxax closes, designee ). to operate as an everlasting estopel of tin n slavery agitation, But \vy drnt not antici 18 pafe such a result wlwie i*i; ;!! i. i i: hi.. jf jorilv holds supremacy in Jii> .Ji Congress. No President iv admini.strri ;s tion, will "ver be abV i>? tu-coiupiinli till !s result. Il i1!'.' S,111*1 Ltii, l>con true t< her own ii^! i-\ y? ars since, an eter e mil quietus would have been placed upon thi |- disturbing element. Tho bowlings of fa i". naticism would hnv? lu>.*n on.i '* otherwise liappy land, rejoicing in peat* anil harmony. But through patriotic 0 though mistaken policy, sho has mndt d concessions, which, instead of allaying strife - have invited to further aggression. r The Missouri Compromise of 1820, wa "J a dangerous precedent, and all the compro it mises since that day, have worked manifes s. injustice to the South. Wo say it was i y dangerous precedent; because it ad millet J' the principle, that the Constitution, whicl should be sacred, and only to be altered ii I- tho manner prescribed bv its provisions ?r A e could be affected Ly act of Congressiona lt Legislation. It has been the innuguratioi ? of that policy, which is grasping to subver e the plainest provisions of that instruincn e by i he Icgiolativo enactments of a ruthles e majority. r- \Ve do not deny, that a majority shouh 0 rule, under tho proper cheeks and restraint of the Constitution. l>ut we repudiate tin ,1 proposition, that the will of an unrestraine* n and licentious majority, should becomo tin i- law of tho land to which wo must bow ii j humble submission. Tyranny is the same, though it come fron j. a single tyrant, or from the million.? if Como whence it may, it is the duty of an] ? people, who cherish the blessings of libert; to repel its encroachmcnts. THE BOUND DUES. _ This question is st)ll attracting some at 0 tonlion in Europe. Tho reader will recol lect that the governments of Denmark, fron lC timo almost immemorial, bad levied ai ?= onerous tax upon all shipping passing lie jf straits. Our government was the first U it deny this right, and refuse to submit to it y Tho principle is being extended, and Secro a" tary Makcy has instructed our Minister a n Berlin, to collect information as to the ori ? crin and crrowth of ? ?imiln* ???* "nw ? acted by Hanover and Hoi stein, and repor ^ to our government It seems to be th< e policy of the Secretary to refuse the de t, matfds of these small St.ites, further thai may be necessary to the support of light fr bouse#, Ac. :'k< |- j *? ?? ; I A SAD ACCIDENT. it We leftrn form the Spartanburg Exprttt KEVSPAPER CHANGES. Tho senior propiietur ??t" the Edgefield Advertiser, proposes to .?< !! his half interest. : \\ o tliitik this a good chance for investment. Tho paper has two thousand paying subscribers and a largo advertising patrour ngeThe Kingstrco Slur is the titlo of a new ' paper just started at Williamsburg, S. C. 1 It is a spirited sheet, edited by J. E. Mu1 Nioiit. Terms fc'2.00 peranum in advance. Tho Georgian and Democrat has just been received. It is published by J. 11. Gossett and J. A. Toli.kson, at Marietta, (?n nf. OH Afi*. (?i??ni."pr ic Civ/M-nlilu ? ~ 1 known to many citizens of this State, hav ing been for some time Kditor of the (jrccnvillo Mountaineer. SEMINQLES. Weextract the following from tlio Washington correspondence of the Charleston Standard : "In my last letter I riliciscd tlio action of the War I >epartinen! hi sending to Florida heavy artillery to tight Indians with in the everglades. 1 have since I men informed at the Department, that these Artillery Companies are only such in rank and name. They have always performed, and will continue to perform. Infantry service. This i ; explanation 1 deem duo alike to all parties j 4 !uii. Harney is now here, ami liurryinj; with ; ; groat despatch his preparations for tho campaign. He expects to lie at tho "seat of war" by tho 15th iust., when every effort will bo ma<le to exterminate the remnant of , those miserable ami bloinlthirstv savages ! i who, iimler the iulluence of Hilly Bowlegs, , j have determined to die in the swamps of I ! Florida sooner than live peaceably West of j the Mississippi. , Front the S'tut/i Carolinian. A CARD. Pit. i mi KB?1 ?i-:ak Siu : In vitulic:?" I tion of my character from ungenerous iin, : putations, I ro?piest you to publish the fo!f . lowing testimonial furnished me iu Colum| bia by the honorable gentlemen who irinnposui.l the 15oar<! ??*" Investi;?ation, and \vlu>sc names arc ?5?.?. r - '!*1 iv A - i< M Ii1 ?t " ; ?. > v. ir. i ? > i:.; 1 f f !.. , generally will copy this car<I. V> ni; ;s:jjl? , regard, I am, sir, votir obedient, WAKUKN I>. WILKKS. Anderson, ifovehiticr S, 1 ti.jU, I IIcst's 11otkr., COU miiia, ) November 4, \ We have examined fully the accounts of ' Maj. Warren 1). Wilkes, as presented by ' him, and are satisfied that be has disbursed , the sums entrusted to his care with proper t, j discretion and judgment; that his clinracI ter is vindicated in his exhibition from all I . i injurious imputations; and we accord him high credit for his industry, energy and ' patriotism. r LEWIS M. AVKK, T. J. 1'ICKENS, it. n. hoylston, JOHN T. SLOAN, ; A. V. A LI MUCH, M. C. M. II AM MONO, O. I). MELTON, r W. K. Ml LEV, O. W. A. CIIAYDON, j SAMI.'EL McGOWAN. A Hunk Colic/tseil.?The Manufacturer's 1 and Mechanic's Hank of Columbus, Oeor, gia, has ullcrly hurslcd. It failed to open its dof-r- i- ??m Monday morning last, ~ ' which vj.;ui|i.\oil -.lii-- 1 tremendous -cdlfim-!!! . .iti'Mf.;- ifi ih-Mers of ils notes. I in; >*lil M.?ys : We have heard of several individuals s i who hold its bills for over %2,000. What its condition is, no one; seems at all informed. 5 Wo saw its hills changing hands as low as * 25 cents on tlio dollar. We are disposed 3 to think the case not so bad as to justify so . great a sacrilico. It is reasonable to suppose its stockholders good fur at least half its liabilities. Everybody accords to l)r. 3 Taylor, its President, the greatest integrity, ? and think the diiliculty into which the 3 Hank has golton, is from deception practiced upon him by parties at a distance, m ' which he had placed undeserved confidence. We advise all who can do so, to holt] on to 3 its bills. Wo have taken steps to obtain - the names of its stockholders, and when obt tained, shall jjive them to the public, when tll?*V will lia Iwdh.r <bI.Ia ^ J -- ... WW vwhvl ItVIV IV juugc Ul UIU j value of its issues. , Number nf tins Stars.?Of the fitarr, ) thousands are visible {;> tlio naked eye ami millions are discover"'I by (lie telescope.? ? Sir Sohn Herschcll calculates that about 1 fivo and a half millions of stars are visible i enough to be distinct I}- counted in a twenty t feet reflector in both hemispheres, and t thinks that the actual number is much greater. Ilia illustrious father estimated 3 on ouo occasion that one hundred and twenty five thousand stare parsed through 1 the field of his forty foot reflector hi a s quarter- of an hour. This would give c twelve millions for the entire circuit of the j heavens in a single telescopic zone; and this estimate was made under the assumpc lion that the nebulae were masses of lumiui ous matter, not yet condensed sun?. Hut wiiu tho increase of instrumental power, ^ especially under the iniglity grasp of Lord Uosse's gigantic reflector and tlio great re* tlectois at l'ulkovu and Cambridge, the V most irresolvable of these nebulas have v given w?y; and the better opinion now is that every one of them is a galaxy, like our own milky way, composed of millions of suns. ? m ? Spread of Mormontsm.?This singular religious delusion is spreading with won1 dert'nl rapidity. The " l/iIkr-Uny-Saint-V 1 as they style thfinsi'lve*, evince groat aclivr ity in unking converts lo their lailh. In ; ) Great Britain and Germany thousands, mainly from among tho agricultural classes, have joined them. In Hamburg they havo issued a German translation of tho Hook of t Mormon, in Saxony they have succeeded . 111 turming a society or adherents in tlto city of Dresden, carefully avoiding nny . collision with tho police, who are ever on the alert for new religious sects, suspecting a every new. doctrfotf to be a mere cloak for some political plot. Tbc apo*Ues*?cm to i liave plenty of funds at their command, . apparently derived from England, with which tliey asawt the needy among their proselytes. All through Germany they ate making preparations to leave for the' New XercMalem on tliaGreai Salt,Lake. v ' A Gr&t Invention.?A very remarkable ; invention hns ' recently limh tmf. From the New Orleans Delta. THE ABSOLUTE AND CONCURRENT MAJORITIES. There lifts been no greater political fallacy current in modern times than tho doctrine that the absolute majority should govern. It is wrong in principle and can only be dangerous in practice. Tho essence of despotism is in it. Under a plausible dis guise it conceals a deadly poison which, applied to our Federal Government, must prove fatal to justice, union ami liberty. From tho beginning of the present Union, tho tendency has been unceasing to install tho principle ot' the absolute majority as the supreme power in the land. Shallow political philosophers have deified it under the lil:istiln>moiis motto of" irn r nintu/i ntr 1 h-i " clothed it with iiifitllil*ility, regarded denial of its uniform justice no less titan heresy ami little less than insanity, and resistance to its authority as flagrant treason. It was tlie fatal mistake of many old republics to confound liberty with the right of the majority to govern?to suppose that to expel a siuglo despot was to secure justice as well ns equality, and that though one man, or a few men, would necessarily abuse power, many men could not by any possibility do so. ltut experience soon proved the contra- i ry, and wo find that in the. best of the republics that existed for a considerable length of time, the Constitution interposed checks against the dominance of the many on one hand and of tins few on the other. There is not a whit more safety in being ruled by one man than bv a million or twelve millions, acting as the latter may in a unit. It is no consolation to the victim of unjust laws, to be told that he is oppressed by a million or more, law-makers, or the sovereign people of fifteen or sixteen States, who, united by interest or fanaticism, have resolved to crush him. It will not make the yoke lie wears any llio less galling, or convert his shackles into gohhvi br Sts, to he told that the majority should ^..vern ami that t!i?":e are the badges ot' its subjects. Nor, ii lie bo rendered destitute after being made a slave, will it till his purse with cash or restore the bread to his children, to know that the million-handed majority has om|?tird the one and filched the other. It is the principle which makes the wrong, whether intlicl<'d by one or a million; and it is the tel'itioii that makes the slave, not the nuin!?-i >f bis masters. .. I;: 5 us n politicnl <ruistn that iiiti* !.ricti'd power cannot safely bo conliih-d to ono individual, yet it seems to be forgotten that an aggregate of individuals can be 110 better and 110 worse than its component parts, and must prove equally dangerous if it have the power and the motive 10 oppress an inferior number. " Against this abuse of power," said John C. Calhoun in his masterly letter to (lovernor Hamilton, ** hn fmtiA.lt' * 1 ? # ..V IWOV-IJ Villi UU DHL lllill OI llie I concurring majority." Nearly the whole j history of our Federal Government has been j a conflict between the numerical and concurrent majorities. The one has been recki less and despotic in its tendency, the other conservative and beneficent. The one has ! aimed to aggrandize the controlling interests of one section at the expense of another, j and ihe other to protect the rights of the people of all the sections and secure equality for all the interests of the country. The i one was nurtured in the N??rth, the other in J the South. lleiiC' , the North has always been aggressive and the South defensive in ; its attitude; the North has sought to break down all the coiis'itulional barriers between its numerical majority and absolutism in j the Government, and the South has sought to conserve all the reserved rights of the j States and people ; and could only do so by I assorting me primiple of the concurrent majority?that is, appealing to Slate interposition against the usurpations hy tlie Federal (?overiim<*nt of powers not delegated in the Constitution. This appeal was made in 1798-99 in the adoption of thu wellknown Virginia and Kentucky resolutions, and it was effectual. It was made again in 1832 hy South Carolina alone, and though I the Republican or anti-Federal party of that j day had well nigh forgotten the platform of ! its founders, Jefferson ami Madison, it forced | a seltidi majority, having the law-making I power in its hands, to recede from itsextreine demands and parley for a compromise. Both these appeals were made ngainsl the encroachments of a numerical majority acting through the law-making branch of the Ciovcrnineiit; but in 18f><i we see a similar protest against the same majority neliug in tho primary capacity of voters in a Presidential election. It was the only means by which the sectional candi late of the North could bo defeated ; tin* Si?t? lfJcrlna ??'? T *vk"'1 tancc party ami press of the South resorted to it, and if Fremont be not elected, as he almost certainly will not be, it will prove the wisdom of their policy and be another triumph of the principle. It is idle to think that the North wonld not elect a President as well ns Congress to rnle over us and subjcct us completely to their interests, whim or prejudice, if it could bo done without rousing into action this principle of the concurrent majority?the eternal principle which makes it the right and the duty of every sovereign and equal State to resist the exercise of powers unjust in themselves, and to which its consent was never given. Once surren-ler this principle, and there is no hope for the equality or independence of the South. The Nortli has about twice the white population which wo have. All its laborers, and all its non-roting classes, enter into the representative basis, while only three-fifihs of our laboring and non-voting population aro allowed n repre nonunion. Further, their laboring population is rapidly increased by emigration, thus every day swelling their representative power; but our laboring population being negro slaves, is not permitted to increase by the samo means in consequence of tho law again.st th? introduction of African laborers into tho country. Consider this increasing numerical preponderance of the North; consider licit the South already relieves it of nearly nil the expenses of the common government; that Southern money is actually put into the pockets of Notliern manufacturers through tho operation of the revenue laws, and that its material interests could still further be subserved by the complete political subjection of the South. Tako these and inany other things in consideration, and it is evident that nothing can savo us hereafter, with our present resources, at least, but the offsetting of tho numerical with the concurrent mnjority. Or, in the word* of Mr. C^lhounr,' wo must M maintain the nscendancy of tbe Constitution-making authority over the law-making?the concurring over the absolute majority." We bare teen bow bencflainlly an appeal to tkia principle by tlfe,resistance men of lbe fiogin !h;$a>ciedjn tbopJ^nt cnovftw. Lot the exnmpfo P<J$ be* forgotten in tbo fuYf^t^proposed aml g?ve?^ ' IH^ka '.*k <o? * ^ >V N I*'iii""iitiMmiifSnikittii t......... Kp'ulcmic Among Fish.?A curious phenomenon lias just exhibited itself among 1110 finny tril?o in some of tlio rivers of Michigan. It is announced that during the past week, the shores of Grand river have been strewed with dead and dying fish of unusual size. The same epidemic prevails in the Shinaase. This is the second time during the present season that the waters of these streams have been so scourrrcd. A few months n?ro. everv form of creeping tiling known to tliat country \v?s cast dead upon the banks in great nnin- j hers. Lizards of enormous size, and often- | sive appearance, were applied in heaps j whero tbey were thrown by tlio eddying j current. Uat?, snakes, and almost every | specks of scaly and slimy monster shared i a like fate. Now, however, the disease, or whatever it may bo callcd, is confined to the fish, and is necessarily attracting much attention among men of scioncu and others as to the causes of such extraordinary mortality. Divinity, (Iconic fry, and Lunrjiiaijc.?At the scientific meeting at Albany, l'rof. Gibson remarked upon a curious connection of geometry and language. Three letters occur in almost all primitive languages.? They are a line, an angle and a circle? thus : I, A, O. In almost all languages these letters arc used in the word expressing Divinity. In Hebrew, IOA is a name of Divinity. Greek, AlU tho root of uionios, 44 the eternal." In Hindoo, Japanese, and other Asiatic tongues, the same letters arc used similarly. In Indian these letters occur in Jlfunilo, tho word for Spirit. These letters, in the old Greek or Phcnnician alphabet, are the first, last and middle ii-iivrK, aigmiymg iiic beginning, middle and cikI, Alpha, lota and < mega. Live for a Purpose.?The secret of all success in life, of all greatness, nay, of all happiness, is to live for a purpose. There are many persons always busy, who have I yet no great object in view. They fritter i away their energies on a hundred things, : and never accomplish anything, because never giving their attention to only one thing. They are like butterflies, Hitting from spot to spot, never gaining wealth ; while the ant, who keeps to a certain eir j ciut around lier hole, lays up stores for j winter comfort. Such persons arc (loomed : to be dissatisfied in the etui, if tliey are not ! sooner, for tliev find in the race of life tliey I have been passed hy all who had a purpose. | It is not only the positive drones, therefore, lmt the husy idlers that make a blunder of life fur the want of purpose. Youkrr. Enterprise.?A Boston mechanic named McGowan, has contracted with the Russian government for the removal of the ships of war which were sunk in the harbor of Sebiistopol, for Hie defence of the town. The vessels were made air tight and were supplied with orifices to attach hose to pump them out. On attempting to raise them iu this manner, thy seams were found to have started to such a degree as to render it impossible. They will now be raised by chains and largo scows made for tlio purpose, applied to the ships by men in ! submarine armor. There arc 121 vessels : in all and the price to be paid is said to be i 111 mo vicinity oJ ?'200,000. Hogs and Pork.?The Ciucinna'i Price Current <?f ilio 29t.li lilt., reports contracts ] tor fifty thousand hogs liavo been closed in that quarter, chielly at six ami six ami a {darter cents net, for early delivery. The packing season there will soon commence. The same paper reports sales of mess pork at ? 17 per barrel, while at the same period last year pork sold at twenty dollars. 41 Teething" Again.?There is an old slave colored woman, familiarly known as Aunt 1'etsy, in this city, who is now one hundred ami one years of age, and has a new set of teeth just beginning to peep out from her gums. She resides oil Mark's alley, which runs from Old street back to the South Side Railroad, a few steps above Grace Church.?Petersburg Krpress. Culled of the Lord.?Honorable D. S. Dickson said in a recent speed , (hat the political parsons who were preaching politics said "they were called of the Lord." lie said lie knew the Lord in ancient times did, oil one occasion, use a jackass to deliver a message, but lie was not aware that such w s the caso at the j rodent day. Small Notes in Tennessee.?In accordance with a law of the last Legislature, on and lifter the 1st of September, 1850, the issuance or circulation of small notes of a less denomination than $5, by any bank, except the bank of Tennessee, is made an indictable offence, punishable by a fine of not less than $500 nor more than $10,000. The Kansas Free State Convention.? New York, Nov. 4.?A special correspondent of the Times, states that the Free Stnlo Convention met at liig Spring on the 28th ult. It nominated liecder as delegate to Congress. A resolution censuring Gov. deary was postponed. ^ ^ To Make " Genuine" Claret.?To a gallon of spoiled cider add three cents worth lnr*ufnn<I in ?#itr<a i# " nn/ilrnr " iv^*>w>| I.W v IV j'uv/uvi x/v/ttiu nuu sell nt n dollar a bottle, and not a tnnn | in the town will suspect that ho is not drinking llio very best claret that comes into the country. So says an exchange. Wheat nt Milwankie.?There aro said to be now in Milwankie warehouses and ia"! road platforms about 500,000 bushels of wheat which have accumulated within the past 00 days abovo the current shipments in that period. fjMiucncal. MARiUKD, on the 1th innt.. by (he Rev. Mr. ITou?top, Mr*. Makuarkt Dalk to Dr. C. C. Porter, of Alftlmmn. Commercial. Abbf.vii.lk C. II., Nov. 12, 1850. Cotton.?A eoiui Jfi al>le quantity on the inurket. Market blink. 11 @ llg cxlroinea Coi.umdia, November 10. 1856. Cotton.?Our market bus heeu dull to day, there being very liiUo offered lot sale. 40 bate* sold frotu II to lljc. Ciiauueston, November P, 1850, The transactions to-day were limited lo about 1.000 bales. The market presented a langaid and drooping appearanoe, bat no quolalilo dep'ipe WM established in prices?11 ? @ 12$ gonjt#. Sons of Temperance. fTMIE special attendance ;of all the merabttr* of ' JL .Abfcyilh) Qjvjsioi) Son* of Tcmperaioe, is 2*" wii a. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. JlBil EXECUTIVE DHl'AUTMENT, ) Cdlvudia, Nov. fi, 185C. \ WIIEUKAS, it is llie duty of ovcry peoplo to uckuuwlcdgo their dcpcmlciico on Almighty Cod?to express their gratitude for IIis Mkixies, unvi ??voiuiy implore Hid blessing for tho future: I Now, therefore, I. JAMES II. ADAMS, GovI ernor of the State of South Carolina, do, ill coilI fortuity with the established images of this Slate, I anoint the TWENTIETH DAY OF NOVEMlilllt. instant, to be observed us a tlay of THANKSGIVING, HUMILIATION AND Pit AY lilt, ami invite nn<l exhort otir citizenn of all denominations to assemble ut their respective places of woiship, to oiler up their devotions to Almighty God, tho Giver of all good. Given under my hnitd and seal of tlio State, in Columbia, this 5th day of November, in the year of our I.ord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-nix, and the eighty-first year of American Indopendenco* J AS. II. ADAMS James pattf.neox, Secretary of State. Nov. 12, IdSC. 30 It Another fatter from Trxas.?Travis, Co., Texas, Aug. IS, 1851.?Messrs. Fleming Brothers?Dear Sir*: There were several eases of Chills ami Fevers in my inother'H f.tmily at tlio time we rec ived the M'Lane's Liver Pills, ordered in my letter of June I2th, nnd a few doses administered in each case produced tho desired effect, thus demonstrating the efficiency of these celebrated Pills in that disease. Mother has not been troubled with the sick headacho since she 1ms commenced tuking these Pill', and as wo have hu! f.-v? <!' ihom you will please send us another doliat'a worth. Dircct, as before, to Austin, Texas. lU-speetfully yours, MEREDITH W. IIENERY. I ?.:m 1 ' ? ' ~ I - " '/wviiifHii iu n?R ior i/r. | J/V .mirx Celebrated Vmnifnne, manufactured I liy Fleming Urns, of Pittsburgh, l'a. All othsr V eruiil'tigcs hi c?>ii>|>:triK<>ii am worthless. l)r. M'l.nne's genuine Vermifuge, also his celebrated Liver Pill*, can now \>c bad at nil respectable ling stores. Jt'one genuine without the xiijin-tun of FLEMING I HI OS. Sold Ity Wamu.aw ?.V Lvon, Abbeville IV II., S. ('., ami by one Agent iu every towu iu the South. It Scrofula mid Salt Rheum of four year* stand- ? iiig, Cured by Carter's Spanish .1 fixture.?"NVooater, Wayne Co., Ohio, December 1, 1853.? Messrs. Bennett <k Dcera.?Gentlemen : Having for four years past lieen suffering with Scrofuln iu its wort form, without finding relief from our best physicians, 1 wuu solicited 03' a friend to try Carter's Spanish Mixture, It give* me pleasure to state that before finishing the first bottle, the dissease relaxed. I then ordered iwo more bottles; and, with heartfelt gratitude, I state lo you the fact tlmt two bottles of your excellent I t.r?rv.Ima ...fir,.!.- ~ 1 ..." I -I - "V 'i'lic third bcttle f give to n friend who nod been suffering with Salt itheuin for a length of time, mid he, like myself, owe* his restoration to health to tho virtues of " Carter's Sponish Mixturo." Yon nro at liberty to uso this letter in any way you may think proper, if it will benefit tho afflicted. Your obedient servant, JUSEI'II ROBINSON". November. Medical Society of Abbeville District. r|"MIE regular meeting of thin Society will take 1- place at Abl>eville C. (I., on tho third Thursday, (20th inst.) II. T. LYON, M. D., Sec'y. Nov. 10. 18.H1. 30 It Potatoes for Sale. AT MY Home Pluce, ONE HUNDRED nixiirivi-.f ?'i. " *r * ? ? -"'I./."' im.F.y J II HI*, lur HHie, at 7 "> eta. per bushel?C'utfi. Jfust lie applitd for immetliateli/. JOHN A. CALHOUN. Nov. H. 30 2t T E A CHER WANTED! At Lowndcsvillc, S. C. rPJIE prospect is good for n FLOURISHING X SCHOOL. Applications will bo received until fmt Monday in December. Address R. if. DAVIS, Ch'n D. of T. Nov. 12, 1B'ifi. 30 tfd. Sale of Rail Road Stock. r|"MIE Subscribers will sell by pnblic anction 1.. nt Abbeville C. H , oil Sule-dny in December next, Sixty-Seven Shares of Stock in the U. & C. It. It, un which the assessment ho* been pniil. 'I'his Stock i? the property of the Estate of .Tohii Dominlil, dee'd. The scrip for the assess* uient will be included in the s;ite. A credit of Three months will. be given, tha purchaser giving bond and approved security. SAM'L DONNALD, ) J. F. DONNA LI), f Nnf O ifltC H jar? esw copy. LAND FOR SALE. WIU, be sold nt Abbeville Court House, on Snle-Joy in December next, Traot of Land, ouutuining 04O A.oro?, bounded on North-East by Snm'l Speed, on the South by J. E. Calhoun, and on the West by Henry Mosely. Any person wishing to purchase, would do well to vidil (lie premises before the day of sals, Said land eiui be sold privately at any timo be* fore that day. MARGARET COWAN. _ No v. J 2, lP'.O. 30 at POOR HOUSE ELECTION! rI"MIK Commissioners of the Poor fur Abbe* ? L villc, will elect a Superintendent, :iml Physician to the 1'our Houso, for the y?ur it>67, on r.l.... //. The Superintendent will have cliatge of ths inmates of tlic Poor Houso, and net ns Overteftr of tlte farm, lie will be supplied with provit? ions for himself and family (if he bus one) by tlie Commissioners. Tlic Physician must supply his own medicluea, and a i toad to the inmates when called on. Proposal* will be received l>y the Seoretary and Treasurer, ui> to that duy. The applicant for .the place of Superintendent, will state tho iiuuiher of his family, and give some idea of 1I19 services th-v can perforin, Ac., <fcc. ,H)tlN A. WIE3, Sec'y and Trea/r. Nov. 10, luSe,. 30 3t .. _jar Prew copy. . TIIE STATE OF SOUT1I CAUOUNA, Abbeville District.?Citation, By WILLIAM HILL, Esq., Ordinary of AW*5'* villa District. ^^"IIEREAff, Andrew Oillespio has applied V V to me for jLeltora of Administration ojj li oiid singular (lis goods and chattels, figljt* and credit* of Jolm H. Kerr, late of lb? District aforesaid, deceased. ' These are, therefore, to eii? and admonish all and singular, the kindred and orsditois of tit* aid decHtsed, to be and appear bsfar* me tt AW next Ordinary's Court of th* said District, to Uo lioldon at Abbeville Coart I Ida** An th* tw.tuvsevontli day of Nu*v?W livrt., to ahour oaoM? if any. why the ssid adnji nidation shoal# no} fo granted'. : Givea anckr my. hand and/sea), tUt?y>Watk and in the 81st your of Amenoaa tti&fyi|?&> e"^" Wfi<AM intis b ;X. fc>. No*