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(th* MAM WHO OBVlUO-1 Y1IIOI TO TBS OOMMOK . l*Artl??lan ot th# Uut !>??? !??<?! to the Minry mi ttw MIW wh? Co?i Ml*4-Th* j teJTrocintsxAtlo^l of President Cl#tr#lllrt<3ljp% ?.* The papers it Thursday giire very gloomy account? of General Grant's Condition. At midnight of Wednes day tlio physicians stated that lio ooulil hot live twenty-four hours longer. (The end came about eight, o'elook on the morning of the 28rd lost. The papers contain full accounts of the last sceue. A few mtanlps before 8 o'clock Drs, Douglas, Shrady and Sands stood on the cottage veranda, conversing ot the condition of Gon. Grant and discussing thfc probabilities of his death aud the limit of life left the sick man, when Henry, the nurse, stepped hastily upon the prlazza and spoke quietly to the physicians. He told thein he thought that the General was vory near to death. The medical men hastily en tered tho room where tho sick man was lying, and approached his side. Instantly upon scanning tho natlent's faco Dr. Douglas ordered tho family to bo summoned to tho bedside. Haste was mado, and Mrs. Grant, Mr. Jesse ? Grant and wife, U. 8. Grant, Jr.. and ? wife and Mrs. Col. Grant were quickly beside tho doctors at tho stok man'o cot. Mrs. Sartorls and Mr. I^wson had followed the doctors in (ton. piazza, and tho entire family was pros sont, oxcept Col. Fred. Grant. A hasty summons was sont for him, but he entered tho sick room while tho .messenger was searching for hltn. Tho Colonel seated himself at the head of tho bed, with his loft arm resting upon tho pillow abovo the head of tho Gon .oral, who was bloathing rapidly and with slightly gasping respirations. Mrs. Grant, calm, but with intense agitation bravely suppressed, took a seat closo by the bedside. She loaned slightly upon tho cot, resting upon hor right elbow aud gazing wltn tear "blinded eyes into the General's face. She found there, however, no tdkon of recognition, for the slok man was peacefully and painlessly passing into anqther life. Mrs. Sartorls came be hind her mother and leaning over her shoulder witnessed the close of tho life in which she had constituted so stronj an element of pride. Directly behiud Mrs. Grant aud Mrs. Sartorls, and at a little distance removed, stood Drs. Douglas. Shrady and Bands, spectators of the closing life which tholr efforts and eounsel had so prolonged. On the u opposite sldo of tho bed from their mother and directly before her stood Jesse Grant and U. S. Grant, Jr. At tho foot of the bed and gfurfng dlreotly down into the General's1Ik? were Mrs COl. Fred. Grant, Mrs. U. 8. Grant .Jr., and Mrs. Jesse Grant. THK APPROACHING KNI>. ?,?'? hR(i repaired to the ho?e ?to hwfkfWt and was not present, andtheGetieral's little grandchildren, U. 8. Grant. Jr., and Nellie, were slMpingJn the nursery room above ,? a.; xuv uroui? hers of the group had been summoned not a moment sooner than *vas provl dent. The doctors noted, on entering tho room and pressing to the bednlde, that alroady the purplish Unge, which Is ono of nature's signals of filial disso lution, had settled benoath tlie finger, Tho hand that Dr. Douglas was.fkst growing ooldor thai? I* had been through the night, the pulse j IrcyoncUhe poliii where KMfflSSMR ss ?rehead and ^ ssa -r wafipls ebd ai Mslonate longing to pre 3tit so near would rlso r, Mr*. Grant presort both !i and. leaning forward, ten 'he sinWing Fred Grant sat silently but m*mm lSS^e8ygio ^filEe loath-bod of a hQro fWher. U. B. Errant* Jr., was deeply moved, but Jesse bore the soone steadily, and the j "l,~ while watoblng with wet were silent as befitted the at^ch ??. was closing Dr. Douglas noted the noar k - supreme momont and qulot i tho bodslde and bent 'hUelte did so the sorrow ^r^physloia^ieomed I with that of the Attnlly. near, It; was of 8 O'clock and the eyes ?vwetficlosing, Ills breath. m. hushed and tlie last f the heart and lungs were tho ending of the ei-Presi The poacofuj;.: expression fUl.TMWl ponlng In the firm and under the stross of | ' A mlnuto^ wore ? "UfSfthe General I )i.:? i Tliore was an i that of one r.eliovod of ions tension. Members rero impelled eaefc to bed and each awalto# lion. but it never **me. iwrato stittuess in the ^ hush Of exjwotont sns no sound broke the sllenoo 4 " the birds In the oottage and the t pf tho engine that vn tho slope. <***?, ?, ami there witnosR the J?l fiS&JS sllds and e6m|K>sod 'Midi W4bf^#bick'< jrroup pressed to . Jer anoiber, and i upon the quiet flsee ] ras not present at the p eally to his regret? rery soou after. OV A "TKII OK ATI I. nntes after the MMfr # larl Gerhard, tho Ilarl* who has been making* the Genortd,' was snm ttage, attbesnj i to make a man's (W& He? I r after the Gen* Ing engine at the as on the way to?; iur^ndovtaker to and arrangemonts Ins were put In K Drexcl anu W". J. . A rfceil vacated Ano oottage will be tent by God. public will be kept at a accordance with the desire of Grant expressed a we#, before be died. kfe WMr* KwU U BirlMt Touching the place for burial, she General a month ago indicated throe places aa suiting his wishes in that direction. The choice, however, was narrowed down to two, owing to the natural wish of the General (hat hit wife should test beside him. A strong desire has been expressed to the fam ily that the burial should take plaoein Washington, and efforts 'Have also been put forth to mako New York the last resting place of the General. Bo foro his death, however, Gen Grant left tbo choioe of abnrlai spot entirely to Col. Fred. Grant, imposing only the condition that the spot selected should be snch that Mra. Grant might rest by his side. HI* remains have been re* moved to New York by a special train and there prepared for burial. Col. Fred. T. Dent, Gen. Grant's brother-in-law, who is now residing In Washington, was asked if ho kuew what place had been selected for tho General's burial. He replied that ho did not, although lie had made Inquiry on the subject when at Mount Mc Gregor reoently. From a remark then made by a member of Gen. Grant's family lie inferred that a positive selec tion had l>een made Ipy tho Genera), but that It was known'only to himself, Mrs. Grant and Col. Fred. Grant. Ho was Inclined to thluk. howovor, that tho General had not selected Washing ton, but possibly West Point. Commissarv General MacFoely tele graphed as follows: Washington, D. C., July 28.?Col. I Fred. Grant: The board of commis sioners of the United States Solillore' Homo are unanimous in their desire that the remains of Gen. Grant may bo buried within the grounds of that in stitution. The commissioners have solected, subject to tho approval of the family, an appropriate and commanding eml ucuoe overlooking the city ana the surroundlug country as au appropriate place of sopulohre. Letter by mail. It. MacFbely, (In absence and by authority of Lieut Gen. Sheridan, Presldentof Board.) President Cleveland'* Action. President Clovoland was going to his breakfast on Thursday morning when the following dispatch, which came ovor the wires of tho White Uouse, was handed him: . "Father disc H S o'clock thin tnoroloy. "F. D. Qkakt . ? -? v . .' ' After this breakfast waited for the President while he dlotated a reply addressed to Mrs. Grant, as follows: ?'Accept this expression of my heart felt sympathy in this hour of yourgreat affliction. The people-of the nation mourn with yon and would reach If they oould with kindly comfort tke depth of sorrow which Is yours alouo, ana which only the pity of God can heal." , Messengers wore quickly sent to all the members ot the Cabinet requesting them to assemble an hour earlier than nsualori Cabinet days In order that steps might be taken to prepare a soluble tribute to the dead chieftain. Secretary Endicott was the only ab sentee fWrai (he Counoll, Chamber when the President seated himself at the long table and greeted lilt counsel lors. a? a result of the deliberations in the room formerly oooupled by President Grant tho following procla tarnation to the people of ,tho United States convoying tho sad intelligence was formulated and otrouiated through the medium of tho Pre**: I TUB PROCLAMATION. The President of th? United 81 i0: i-r,?nrrJffP . it to the ?rr.v/^.rT.^Tl! t,l? dent is Impressed with the magnitude Of tho publlo loss of a military leader, who was In the h6ur Of victory mag naulmous, amtd disaster serene aud Sel&SUstalned, who in every station, whether as soldier or as ChlefMagls trate twice called to power by his fel loW-countrymen the fdou ward. The ontir* country has witnessed with deep emotion his prolonged and patient struggle with a painful disease, aud has watehed by his oouoh of suffer* Ing with tearful sympathy. ^The des tined end his come at last, hud his spirit has returned to the Creator who sent It forth* The great heart of the nation, that followed Mm when living wlthlovo and pride* bows now In sorrow above htm dead, tenderly mindful of his virtues, ot his great natrlotlo services SV SP VIMVIVU M??V tl?e Kxeontlve Mansion and the several departments at Washington be draped In mourning for a period of thirty days,and that all public business shall, on the day of the foneral, be suspend ed and the secretaries or war aud of the navy will cause orders to be Issued for appropriate military and naval honor* to be rendered on that day* In witness Whereof ! have hereunto set uiy hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. Done at the City of Washington this twenty third day of Jnly# A, D. one thousand eight hundred and eighty-five, and of the Independenoe of the United States the one nundreaand tenth. Gkovmb Clrvklamd. ?y tho Presidenti . K. Bayard, Beoretary of Btate. President Cleveland has Instructed Adjutant General Drum to go to New York to represent htm, and to oousult with Mrs. Grant relative to the fhnoral of the ox-President. ?MR USUAL HONORS were paid to the memory of the de parted ex-President, In the shape of the customary orders to the army and navy, the etostug of the dopRrtments, the draping of? the publlo ItaildtngA, eto. At the White House the tall col umns, by dusk In the eventtw, were swathed from base to eapltal Is black bunting, aud over the Main door of the north entranoe was a heavy pall of the same material, held In position by large blaek rosettes* The treasury, Interior and postoffieo departments were similarly decorated, and a novel effect was produeed bv a Small portion of the uiarble or granlto columns be ing exposed to view halt way up, between the broad and narrow feral ] of tho black cloth. The war, State and tiavy departments were also the scene of activity in this direction. The de partment of Jnsttee, opposite the treasu ry, was attended to the nest mprntng. JO* JOHNSTON'S TRtaUTR. Gen. Joseph B. Johnston on being uestloped eonoernlng his estimate of oertatnly I se sooner-1 ..Wk beei?J assumed foil ?~Tij jte, SarSSSS making prorations to do forther bottorfc>hls memory. Southern f*P*rs unite iu saying' all tbo good they can, and as little as possible of those sots in Geucrai Grant's career which were most dlstatoftil to tho Southern people, because most disas trous to their peace and progress. A* KX-UNION IOLDUM IPiam Am Afp?1 for 0?mut?Bt Help for N?e<l y ' Soldier* of tb? OoafMmt* Army. ( brom th? tjattfonl, Flu., Journal.) After being about four months bid away (as It were) in the wild and beautiful country about Okeechobco, I hare onco more oome for a day or two In communication with tho pcoplo of the world and glad was I to pick up the papers* and once more read the news. But my gladness soon changed to sorrow when! read of man's inhu manity toman. O, Americans I how loug will you allow the curse and shame to taint your otherwise glorious name of not caring for tho poor crip pled Confederates? I ask every man wh*o is opposed to this just and hnmano yea, and righteous measure, to put himself In tho placo of that soldier who fought, suffered and spoilt his young manhood for the lost causa taught from infancy to tho belief in State rights, when the alarm sounded, how his young soul moved him when tho bullets flow thick and fast, whoro the ranks woro thinned, and uncles, brotbora and fathers fell to riso no morel , At last when the negroes werO gone, wiien the rafters of tho beautiful and onoe happy Mrnie had tumbled in, when starved, shattered and blooding in the last ditch they surre.idtffed tip their arms to our victorious army, they returned to tho desolato spot of ground whoro once was a happy homo, sat down unoug tho ruins and rubbish and viewed the lono chimuoy, and thought'a'oi those who had fallen in battle and thosc-who had sickened and died and wheHrne knew all that were left were poor, is it a wonder that the brave man's head fell and he said, "My Lord and tuy God,'Is there no help for the 'widows' sons'?" Lincoln said, wheu speaking of oinancination, words to about this effeot: "Wo are hand ling a new case or causo and we must thiuk anew aud act auew." Now, If the South had no constitutional grounds for secedlug, then they wore rebels. But if thoy did have * constitutional gronnd to staud 011, then it was a war of Statos and not Rebellion.' Jf It was a war of-Statos aud now all States acquiesoe in tho decision of arms, it does not requiro a man with more than common sonso and a very common vision to see tjiat the soldiers of one State who pay the Bame national tax have just o? good a right to a pen sion as the soldiers of an another State. All aro equal and should bo used equi ty, but it, on tbo other hand, it was Rebellion, then let us, as Lincoln &ald, "think auew, and act anew," and in God Almighty's name, le^ us do jus tice to the mou who fought in tho Southern army. Let them havo tho little pittance 4he Government doloa out to her cripples. It is but little they'd get, but it would lighten theui a little on their dreary way to that river where all are noaring. Many are now looking across at the skir mishers who line the other shore, they movo biavely forward, though in pov erty and rags, they regfot nothing thoy'vo done, for they'vo fought for what their conscience said was right, home. and flrcsidq. ; as they look baok to the wifo 01 their bosom in destitution, and tholr little uneducated children in rags* flier teal's dam pons the check tbatfnever paled Ju the hour or danger. ^morloaui. cease your ?MaagA'g tongue Wefore J Would ...gj Vote for tHe Mexican Pension Bl,? nntll all Confederate soldiers were made equal ia Niat bill with Northern soldiers., If they will iiioludo all sol diers of the war of States, regardless of what army or sldo' they fought oft. then 1 say vote for it iu tho namo of the Lord and humanity. Godspeed the day?lot peace in triumph Let hiiSnanlty sing lior sour a sweet and a lovely strain} Let Sacral Truth our guiding star tyj-ever And charity guide our ship of liberty; Arise, oi lofty patriotism, arise once more: fills act will forever bridge the bloody chasnt o'er. Truly for the right, Rev. Samuel B. IIukmiut, Ex-Member of Co. G, 9th ltegt., Iowa Infantry, Veteran Volunteers. T?i? ItoaiwtMIU NfMtlng. Boorotarv lloIloWay gives the fol* lowing additional information about the Bonnottavlllo meeting; Arrange* menu hrr > been inado by ttie Marl borongh Agricultural Society. jn?t organized, to have an exnlbltlonjdurlng the joint meeting. Col. A. P. Butler, commissioner of agrloultnre, will deliver an addross on the "Agrlenlture of 8outh Carolina.*' The Hon. B. M. Buoker, ofAndor Ron, will address the meeting on "Our Agricultural population; tliolr part In our Southern Life." ? Dr. D.Ik DeSausturo, of Korshawt wllldlscuM,"Cotton culture or grasses" The subjects heretofore published and'those above given, with other* which win be named before and dur ing tho meeting, will present a stlmn* 1ns to thoughtnil ana earnost work. The mooting will be largely attended. Nearly every eounty haa reported a delegation, ahd quite a number of agriculturist* who are not delegates will attend. Tho town of Bennetts vlllo will ho fall to overflowing. ?The most eccentric belle at White Sulphur Springs deoks her pony with roses from mane to talk* ?Mrs. SnrrattVSTlfttlvOs say that th< proposal to ereot a monument to her as a martyr, which has Just boen made by "Brick" roinorov, does not moot with their approval. 11 H ?The Iter. Dr. 8amuol Iranians Prime, one of the best known of American olergymen, Is dead, fie was born In Now York Htato in 1S12. Ho was a peoaeher, editor and author. ?Tho President has Issned a proola mutton dircotlug the cattle men on the Cheyenne and Arapahoo reservations In Indian Territory to rcmovo tholr o&ttfe within forty.days. ?The Bcrtlia Zinc Company, of Pdlaakl county, Va.t reoelvod an ordor lack woek tVom a North Arm for 8iM, 000 pounds of etno. the order aggro gating about $91,000. The 7.1 no com* pany Is about to blow In another for* naoe. ?W. G. Bears, a well-known on* glneor, of Chattanooga, Tenn., has perfected a new cotton plckor, which, It is oxneoted, will rcvolntlortlae the methods now In vogue, Tho Invention ! Is expected to do the work of thlrty tlve pickers and will cost about #600. Unlimited capital Is sjdd to be ready for the practical tests of Mr. Bears Invention. ITS XMPORTAM or SOUTH < As (My IMlrmd Mft*Uld OoantT. P Buttheprob! is not only bow to ke*p but also bow to Improve 1 tin(1b while deriving from them. The last is a thing to do than the first.. over be accomplished by auy method than a rotation of.oropl liberal manuring, or by pasturil? the - ' Who poorer fields. Any land owueil can anuually increase the Iterti }ly of his fartu and clear oxpenses, is ri <klng ?money; while one whose land is arly growing poorer. -is losing money '^vou though he has>i surplus after [ ying expenses. If we change our pr ^Uee so as to bo olassed in the first eat <ory instead of the latter, we certainly tight to bo satisfied; though I have >pos that our consulting together will stan tuato in our so ordering our fkrn uges will enable us to improve our aud at the same time clear a reast Interest on tho investment. Bnt| cannot succeod in either of thea dertakings, in Ucavou's name 1? ?? cco8o our bntohery and try to keojj|,hein from getting, poorer. I will now; proceed to outliu6,a I uia aud ands able f we m* nak best iv. a sy'ste.n-of rotation adapt id to our hilly country; and in order > do so intelligibly will have to tou ti pu ? the U8l* uc68 lie will sot this in Beri uda tho subjeot of general farm ma ment. First. There should bo establ a permanent pasture of greater ol oxteift, according to the sizo o< (term. And if tho farmer means gross to bo used for summer pastniigb* This grass grows bestr-as dc all grasses?on stiff land. Aud perttap tho be6t thiug wo can do with our ofcok and branch bottoms would be tolriut them in it. Bitf we will dtspun \nfct subject horoafter, if tho Club ft)*) so desire. ThisBormuda pasture cdil " be sown in oats once in four years In mako a good crop, while tbo. gw would be all the better for theplowit neoobsary to sow tbem. If half ih. country was sodded lit this grass fowj the lands would be worth double wifcfc they are at present. Thcro is an Id saying, "No grass, 110 stock; no stc k, no manure; no manure, no crops." - If we are ever to improve our la ils it mitst be by stock raising; for mi iy of us have thoroughly tried buy ig guanos, and know It wtii 1 ot even keop them trom grow ig? poorer?at least as we uow Our ueverfaillng springs aud streams ?so uumerous that it would be dig. cult.to find a square area of two butf red acres Without novorfailiug wateJ would seem to indioste that as o)r proper line of farming; while the fi it! of tneso lauds washing so badly, wh 1 under tho plow, speaks in thundi* tones to tell us that if we will not-Tai I stock we shall soon raise nothifif ?Il4 It is true that rotation aud rj?rraclf would bo a vast improvement on present methods, but stock raisit tho only basis upon which to ton self-sustaining and land-tin agriculturture. (No manuroequi in an uro; and a cow pen or 1 has been known to show the a thorough dunglhg more tbaji years. If We were to dovof worn and poorest land to tia would slowly bnt gradually while tho stock would not < ^ ns ah income fttfm their sate, manure they woufcl enable t\* to ?' t-, 7.?: 7.". ? ?" " more wo could gotjho bettei like it. Devoting most of pasturage and the cultiv grains, we would be enabled to dp Tels labor and control it better, all our supplies at home and some j soil, while cotton?relegated to. proper plaoe on the fWrra nsa surplus and money crop?Woulc py a small area compared to the pr.. acreage, bo highly manured with homo j made manure, and our farms surely l| slowly improve, instead of rapidly an surely deteriorating as at present. Sue a life would be worth living.' Is; I purely an imaginary ;picfare never f be realized? Is Ephraim weddod i,, his Idols? ' Sccoiul. All land which will not with good cnlturo and season#? mak< foni" huudred pounds of seed cotton o eight bushels of corn per acre, with out manuro, should be or sown In oat to be followed by rest. I think this I (ho minimum yield to dear eipbn'ses And that cannot be done In an unfavora ble year. No money can be made oi such land by cultivating it, no mattei how yon guano it, and it is best t6 le It alone. If SUQh iand can bo for it could be broti&ht up to a good s of fertility, in a few years. by sOtt In peas and then in rye?allowing j: or sbeep to oat off both and tur* under all the vines and straw, fi moat made wonld go for in paying f tho.peed and plowing, and without tU fcnolug it would impiove repldlj under tuoh treatment, but would tr qulto oxponslve without the bogs <) shoon. If a movable hurdle fonee w? Srovlded It could bo grafted cheat tan to fence the whole. A good i of hurdles to fenco an acre would o. about ilfty dollars, andoontd be move and set up In a short while, uy Alter leaving off a fow acres around tho house for gracing lots, patches, ctc,? the rest of the farm not in past* should be divided into as maby ety divisions as there shall be ordps In tl rotation. And, notwtthartdlOj * to ok law, this land would* y iargor Inoome If feneod than to opon. But, without dilotissi question, after considerable ' have concluded perhaps the tlo'ii?or at least tho one most like bo adopted to: ouf; %oobl*r-ls fh reoorttmeftded t?y Mrr David tUcksor vlr.: First year, ootlon; sooond oorn and peas; third yenr, small fourth year rest lit weeds* land is thoroughly and systematic terraced, gullies filled with pine brc every winter and this system rlgl< adhored to, it would be such an I provement on ortr (present haphazard way devoted almost exclusively to dot* ton,that in a fbw years a traveler Would hardly rccognlxe tho country. The land thus treated would be bound to tm< prove, If tho presont amonnt of guano was used. If peas were sown after the small grain third year, ', followed by small grain fourth year and the* rest I know it would Improve very fask Perhaps It would be best to confine the peas to thoso poorer fields whloh 1 have mentioned, and of which there are an abundance to keep us alt bnsy. Whon those same impoverished fields have beon brought up so as to yield good 'crops, the steeper and thinner parts of tho land under cultivation could be allowed to rest two fears Instead 01 one. It will only be a return of the Ifflttto bis vomit to get more ne to enlarge the operation!, and menoe anew the old downwa*# o< Tho system t have outlined is a ed to ihose farmers who will mi I & f " ; whether tor ter, ?s ono can ?ny or surplus time to ? digging stumps and improvements. v is only one oourse left open to ~ land owners who are land ?from the very nature inot carry out this sys >. Either to sell, or they \deslre to reut and most, Industrious got rid of the la*)% trifling after terraciug and in* lies being brushed every i to have sixty acres to tho ana undbr no consideration more than thirty acres of this to bo cultivated in oorn and ootton. Let the other thirty aores be sown in oats or rest, as the case may be, and alternate between tho two. The oats can bo sowu on shares, and f>nly rent charged for the land in cultivation; and If tho tenant is too poor a maua* ger to run blmself and buy gnnnos to fertilize his crop, turn him otf aud lot the laud rost, or fonoo it and pasture it. U wonld be the best thlntf to do this, any way, but I don't hopo to soo it done; and only suggest this plan be cause it seems the only ouc left to re tard or put off the evil day?which, nevertheless, is sure to come sooner or later?when all land rented to I reed iriott, as It is now done, will bo too r>or to pay rent and ration bill both, speak from hitter oxporience; for tho longer thoy stav with you vno Icrs you wilt like it, and it is no use sending good money after bud In trying to.get even with them. I Htn thoroughly well satisfied that any hind owner who con tinues' to rent land aud advunco to negroes, at> we are now doing, will us inevitably become a bankrupt us that i stand botore you. If he routs wiLhout advancing, hois merely soiling his land ?tvithont perhaps realising it. 1 havo tl\us sold many scores of acres, but did not know It till it was too lute. As 1 advanced for my' tenants, however, and the bad crops of 1881*83 put thein all behind, I fear 1 have sold some for which I nover will got any pay. 1 do not suppose I am alone in thin .pre diuamont. Aud ill saying I havo sold it, I mean simply this: Tho laud 1 have routed out fs nearly all so Worn and washed as to bo worthless to culti vate ; aud It would tako more money than 1 havo received as rent to restoro ilk - If .1 turn it out, as has boon tho Aim >|n this country since Its settle ment, it will be ten or fifteen years before uaturo would restoro it so as to yield remunerative crops. Much or it will require twenty-flvo voars. Very few Of us would bo willing to pay for land all we could ex poet to clear on It in ton years; and I think ??sell" aud uotMrcntnis tho right word to apply to.lt, ? Much ot the land in this coun try,; which lias.never been rented, is nearly as bad Oil; and It Is because of oonstant clean cult mo In cotton with out any attention to rotation of crops. None of us will deny this. Can it bo 'ble wo will continue to pursue u'f iflfatuus% aud hope against yoars bitter experience to yet money, bv It? Geutlcmcn, our country Is too brokon to bo plowed much and not wash away. Lowing herds and tiukllug sheop bells should bo the music our fields ought to ro sound tjfith, and not tho song of tho ootton. Do not misunderstand mo, and think I advocate the total abandon* mont ot" cotton culturo. Such is not Cotton can bo planted on InyAOf our lands onco in five voart Without Injury, and will alwf oc ?upy the flrsl place without It... ., And ft tho money crop. Tho good, too, ur? a most excolleni^cod for ahcop in tho *f* When wo iniiko nil our Blip ' * me and have our cotton wq shall prosper^-not jSflrejhlfovcr re no was-of H?i wnior - .. >fc aimjoinditf, mjldoiHlle mlnlu J? of sioolf.uiosfc ocoii \Q icenro this largest momtulejtnnnnre; what omenta will pay, eto.. I as future snbjocts of dls In our Club. I liavo misgivings .I shall be accused of ogotisin in " ting to solve a problem which Ben so many ohlor and wlsor ?and told that I have not make the less good dootrlno. It Is u of human nature. "To know .the right and prove 11, too; to know the wrong and stllltho wrong pursue.'' Few of us try'to do as well as we know how?none of us snccecd. Wo kllow this obRtacIo or that to dotor us taking a new departure In form lid, attor an occasional and spas* . effort at change, drop back Into old ruts of jiabit. Habit 1 Ayo, '-!? the "hook of steel" which tis to old ways beoauso they are old. A hundred years has demon* strated that ourjfestyn of farming is erroneous, and Impoverishes the land If It waa natural, and best onoe, when ?the oountry was. new, It<9 both foolish and criminal now. But new departures require thought. II Is so tnuoh easier to go on In the old And besides, Cnffeo has lcaruod that way, and oan "run" him. Thus v)t supinely and, drift with the . It is time we wore awktag our laatrthy. Brains fuionld iubcio instead of muscle Con ing oralns. And al the road wo traveling leads to ruin, wo should to find a new one though we foil* conclusion, I feel Impelled to an argument I have hoard ad. being the only solution to It left, vis: "To move away ? a level country." I can only la would be onttfng tho Gordlan and not untying It. Those who aell their land to tholr satisfaction perhaps better do thli. They find 'all level- land, which at the frtimo healthy, poor. If It 1? rloh 1 always badly drained and sickly.' if all try (0 soil, Who will buy? I ovon If wo should all find j>nr? rs, which we oould only to do at ions saerl flee, those purchasers , be eoufrontod fay ?ft*ne dlf M which surrounded us. The blem Is not to be solved In that r. The large majority of out land rners are horo to stay. They can get away If they wonld; and most .iam would not If they ooold. 11 ?like to prophesy snob, and hond fbr dter things, but candor compels me aascrt thaf If wo continue in obr l jsent ways?If wc keep up fbr a few _jrt longer this "running" businoss, ftttlng the commission morohant to run,rthe nigger and allow him to off the plantation, which he Is Ing every timo It rala??It will not he ere we will be forced to loavo, or iln as the tonants of our home*. . riten the carcass fthall have l>c?n ed, and only the bones left, "Cnf can migrate without casting evortl "long, lingering look behind." >t so with those or us whoso fathers j burled among these hills. Lot us huso before It Is too lato and make at a manly effort to tfenamlt to our Iren, without further Impairment, fair Inheritance left us by onr an itors. , Col. A. P. BoOor. tl.o Miinmln iMt Of ftgrlcnlluro, ImH boon ?b? Intod by Governor Thompson the imU?fon?r to roprewmt Sonlh Caro k at the Amorlcnn Exhibition, which |ll b* held In London next year* ?' V '? Fi3D "w ?rmltoma. ats ? doscn glr? the > Hi loan bed or mutton pound. ??ff* therefor? food, and they are ex fur&ior's family. AM American vino* appear to be against tlio ravages of tho phy] >xerrv In the..*v!no producing eouutrii oi iiuropo, tbo ltnlluu Govornuiont bus taken luoitauros to enoourago tbo growth of theso vines by tho pocple of Ii!egardlng the properties of geuuino vinegar Mr. B. I. D.iveiport says in the C/icinical News: "In Boston vino gar is considered spurious if it ooutains less acid than corresponds to 6 pur cent acotio anhydride Cider vinegar, when dried at 100 degrees, must not leave less than 1.6 ] er coat of normal dry residue." A German lest for watered milk is ?aid to consist in dipping a well-polish ed knitting-noedlo into a deep vessel of milk and thon immediately withdraw ing it in an -upright position. If the milk is pure a drop of the lluid will hang to tho noodle; but tho addition of ovon a small proportion of water will proveut tho udhesiouof tho drop. Au Elinira (N. Y.) farmer is report ed to havo made an increased weekly profit on a herd of twenty-live cows simply by taking tho chill oil" from tho drinking water during llio winter. It was done by means of a stoam-pipo introduced into t e tank. It is easier dono in a .smaller way l>y adding a pail of hot wain- to each bar rel capacity of the quantity given. Tho Texas J,ict -$Uck Journal .says cattle havo drifted across the plains to tho Pecos in largo niimb<-rs on uceount of the severity ot the la?t winter. Tho ??drift" (straying) of o.ut'.e has been worse than in any previous winter in the history of "'lexas. Twenty-live thousand head have so far boon recov ered, and it is held that it will require tho combined cil'orts of ilto entile \\ ext ern country to got the cows homo to their respective ranges. The sale of barbed wire for fencing during tho last year is stated at 100, 0v0 tons. At three strands to the run this would make over 20,000 miles of new fence. At seven and a half cents por pound tho farmers of the country fiaid tbo wire manufacturers $15,000,000 ast year. Tho additional half cent por pound makes $1,000,000 enhanced profit to tho manufacturers. Tho man ufacturers. however, say that wire costs them more than formerly. When churning keep tho t'Miiporaturo below 65 and 60 degrees, according as experience dictates. Stop churning when the butter is in granules about tho size of whoat kernels. Draw off the buttormllk and wash in brine until tho brine runs oil* clear, as brine coag ulatus tho cheesy matter, which dis solves, nnd is then washed out. Use none but the best (fairy salt when salt ing. When packing the lirkius, set in a oool 1)1 liee, and Keep tbo butter cov eted with brine. Suvs Professor Heath in the Anteri cun hairy mam "'Lot a d fop'of. .fresh milk fall in a glass of pure witter.*' If tho .milk properly dissominatos itself through the water the cow that yielded that milk i? uot witli calf, but if ft sinks to the bottom ot the glass aj?jt fulls up on tiio'vuitcr,<nud produces bunirtKror a milky ctou l, tho cow is pregnant. The Hpecilio gravity und visoiuity of tho albuminous milk being heavior than water thus retains tho drop of milk and causes it to sink," An uuthority truly says: Tliero is no safo method ;)f determining the buttor a utilities of a herd except by churning io milk of each cow separately. Tho bulk of the milk is not a suro indica tion. Very often the cow that gives but a moderate quantity of milk may ?? 0 inrgogt mnountof buttor. In ~ - a herd a knowledgo Waste Places of the World. ? | The Russian oxplorer Prejevalsky unid after his rooent Journoy la northern Thibet that nn enormous amount of ani mal lifo was supported by t)io scanty herbage crowing on these bleak, half Sterile plains that form Die highest plateau in tho world, some 13,000 feet aboVo tho sea. llo said tho wihl yaks thero must number millions, ami that a full-grown yak w'elghafrom 1,000 to 1, 800 pounds. Nature11! chemistry evolves those great masses of 11?sn from tho poor herbage of a rogion bo lofty tlmt It a lafcos aro frozen over un til nearly June, though thoy aro .CO) miles nooror tho equator than wo are. Explorers tell U3 that not only'dpos animal life abound, hut that. mnu cau livo Id some of the most desolate parts of tlie globe. It is a mistake to pup* poso that tho Sahara l)o?ort la merely a usoless sandy waste. >iuoh of ft lacks uot so tnuoh cultivablo land as industrious hands to make tho vast ex panse of withered oases blossom again. The Mussulman soot known as tho Son ousians has for yours boen digging wells, irrigating tho land, and turning many hundrods of barron acres into gardens. Twenty-four years ago it planted lis headquarters hi tho uoftort near the-wVslofft bonier of Egypt, built rosorvoirs, liogan plantations, ereotod convents, and now n imputation of eight thousand people livo at Jarabub, where the soil has been restored to fer tility by tholr labors. There aro largo aroas in the Sttlu./a that need only raTn or irrigation to cover them with vor dure. Through these regions pass the Sravan routes, along whioh the fifty <$usand camels ongagod in the Saha ran oommoroo bear tholr burdens. Mr. Anderson, tho civil onglneor who last year oomploted slxtoou yoars of ox plorsrtlons tn South Afrioa, botwoon the Orahgie and Lambosi rivers, says that the rain that falls for a few week" ovory yea* in the great rogion known us tho Kalahafa desert covors the blaokoned, verdurolens plain with splendid vogota tlon. Oarao is abundant there, eipo* oialiy Hons, loopaids, and ostrlohos, and ho has counted In this desort twen ty-two lions In a troop, and has soon two hundred ostriches in ono flock. Beasts and birds find sustonancoln this region whoro only a few bushmau hunt ers livo. Far northeast of thorn on tho soml-arhl stoppos of Kordofan and liar" fur millions of sheep and camols exist on the soanty pasturage of that dosort regloh. Thooarliost Arotlo explorers found In the little Spitffborgon archipelago? whoro, it is belloyod, no human being had over lived?herds of rolndeor up turning the snow with tholr hoofs and noses to get at tho llchons on whloh they fed. Many relndoer live as far north as I/Htleton Island, and aeveral scores of them wero klllod by tho Hayos and Polaris expeditions. ? Musk oxen, or tholr traeos, have beon found along the shoros of tho great frocon soa as far north as explorers have attained. Lock wood, fair north of tho supposed limits of animal life, found traoes of this wonderful quadruped,whioh grows fat on the tender shoots of tho Arctic willow, and ploughs up tho snow for moss and Italians, Of all parts of tho earth the Aataro* tl6 regions alone aro Comparatively dorftltnto of life. Fow speolos of living things in tho vegetable or animal king dom can endure the rlger of the Soutlt polar roglan. No terrestrial quadruped inhabits the land within the Antarctic circle, and whales and sonls are tho on ly taamraats that enter iu area. Sum mer in tho orotic regions, with its abandafat life on land aud In tho ( tad to a* presents an animated arid cheerful scone compared with tho utter desolation that reJgus , perpetually ill Ahtarctio waters;? New York Sun: An Egyt Indian'* IIctL l"ho bod of a dweller in East India is eproad upon the floor, and lor a pillow Is used a sort of baakot, whloh Li util ized at tho ?amo time (or containing the voluablos of tho houso. Tho cover ing (or the sleeper is mado. of cotton woven by baud. Thoro are no chairs, and the occupauts sit on tho floor with orossod lees, or in tv, reclining posture, with one leg ovor tho other. There aro no musical instruments, no notes, no set music. Tho East Indians lie down without undressing, and on ris ing roll up their bed and stow it away. Thoii' principal food is rice, which thoso who aro at tho table eat with tho saino spoon. There aro no pudding*, no dossorts, aud whoever is the last to riso from tho tablo is compelled to wash tho dishes. Woman has scarcely auvplaco in society, litoraturo or art. Alan is tho master, and rulos. Tho lnuguago is simplo, consists of twonty-tivo letters (or au alphabet, and can be learned in a voar and a half by one associating with tho people. ? I'hiUiiletphiu l'rc?s. Holland is tho paradiso of ska tors, its highways being canals that are cov ered with ice nearly half tho yuar. Tho Indies there tfo shopping on skates, boys sk:ite to and from school, older members of the family go to church on skates; tho postman delivers his lotters atul tho d< ctor visits his patients on them, aud even the solomi pastor moves on skates when ho visits hit parishioners. Dairymaids skate to town with full pails of milk, of which not a drop is spilled, and farmers' daughters skate to villages with a full baskot of eggs in each hand. During tho Spanish Invasion several victories woro won by tho ualivc soldiers, who, on skates, suddenly moved on the forces of Alva, and as quietly retired to their own camp. Fur a period of more than 40o years the soidiorshavo been trained to perform evolutions ou skates. HACK KltOM LIBKKIA. IVlmt ? Georgia ColouUt Hm to Say About the I.nnd of Ham. (from the Atlanta Conttittviou.) ?Ttma Hudson, colored, lias returned to Atlunta after a residence of seven teen years in Liberia as a colonist. When asked by a (Constitution report er. what she thought of that country, she said: "I never liked it. It is' a remarkably rich country, and the cli mato i9 gcnorally ajjroeublo. I don't know when I havo felt a day as hot as this. Tho trouble is with the fever, which never fails to attack settlers, and is very fatal. It tukes two years at least to becomo acclimated, and I don't think tho climato ever agrees woll with anybody but tho natives." "Ik tho population growing?" "No sir; I think not. TJie natives may bo increasing, but there arc fewer American negroes there now than there used to be. Nearly all of tho fltty that went over in our party died. Some camo back. On the vessel that brought me to New York were twenty-ono emigrants returning to this country. Thov generally get enough of Liberia In six mtfnths." "What inducements are offered to ] sellers?" I ".Every family is given 26 acres of land, and they can buy as much more as they want for 60 cents an acre. It is the richest land I over saw, too. I had a beautiful place with manv Im provements. Thero wore 12,000 'bear In^ cofl'eo trees oil it, besides thousands or bananas and plantains. It wa9 valued a few years ago at $8,000. Yet when I sold |t to got mouoy to como back on ujl I realized was about $600. Que reason of this was tho troublo with tlio curmiov. Very little money la circuluU'd. l'eonlo aru afraid of the Altogether by barter. I could lake ihy coffee and get anything I wanted,: 86 with syrup or fruit. But when my property was offored for sale for gold 1 could hardly get anything for it. Tlya Legislature is trying now to makeTTte money of fho country good. Crops are bountiful, but every necessary of lifo Is high. Fork is ;J0 cents a pound, boof 20 cents, hain 60 cents and goon flour vory high." " What about the Government ?" "It is modellod after ours. All tho officers aro negroes, and thero aro a good many politicians." "Do tho peoplo gonerally seem to bo happy?" "Woll, I supnoso ho. Tho natives aro happy in tnoir wav,cbut 1 don't think tho country would satisfy thoso who had heon reared in Georgia." "What is tho religlou of Iho peoplo?" Among the emigrants thero aro tho various denominations wo hare hero. The natives worship Idol*." "Why don't thoy send missionaries among them?" "Thov do, but it is a hopeless task, I think. Among tho thousands of na tlvcs I saw while thore only threo had been civilized and Christianized. Mis sionaries aro scattered all over the country and they find no troublo in getting crowds of tho nativos into their churches and schools. Many of these profess convorslon and aro onrollod as Christians, but almost invariably tlioy go back to idolatrv when they return to their trlbos. The missionary work In Liberia seems to be making no pro gross." "You don't think tho future of tho country looks bright?" "No, sir; tho omigrants who have Bono thorn from this country as a rulo aro not contented. Many* of thcin come back, and many more would como if (hey had tho means. Tho oountrv is not going to fill up with intelligent African negroon, and I don't boliovo the natives will ever be made into good citizens. They arc ignorant and brutal. They are happy whon thov can come down from the forests loaded with fruits to sell in the towns, and then go bock to their miserable huts." Tiik Now Pork Time*, speaking of j tho material progress of the South, its boundless resources and its progress in manufacturing, savs: Coal, iron and I urn"! jr take a leading place in (oo statistics throughout, most of tho States, indicating a certain new ness hi tha development of Southern resources, but thore is a significant multiplication of flour mills, especially noticeable in Texas. Macniuo shops and works for tho manufacture of agricultural implomonls are gradually multiplying. Stone quarries, marble works, brickyards and the factories apj>ear among tho new establishments of several States. Among the mining industries, aside from coal and Iron, thore is gold mining in Arkansas, Georgia and South Carolina, silver in Kentucky, copper In North Carolina and flu Virginia. There Is no state ment of any increase in cotton manu facture, wldeh seems to havo shared lit tho dopresslon from which tho Northern mills have been suffering. THE MANNING TIMES PunLisiiKD by 3Ei. T-j. OTR/., ?AT? IHANNlNCt, N. (!. Only 11.80 por?nnum Inadvan?, ciwnp Advertising medium. ?"-Oi ? k\?<* ?*' >i5 THE PEOPLE. "v '4 i1 \ Buy the Bestl Mb. J. O. Dolo ? Doir Sir: I bought the Irst Davis Machino sold by yoa ovor five years a#o for my wife, who has giveu it a long and fair trial. I a n w61l pleasod with It. It never gives any trouble, and is u food as when first bought, J. W. Boliob. . Wlnnsboro, S. 0., April, 1833. Mb. Boao : Yoa wish to know what I huvs to Bay in regard to tho Davis M idline bought of yoa threo years ago. I fo.>l I can t#:iy too much in it* favor. I undo about $80 within live months, at time# ru.ming it so fast that tho needle wou'd cot perfectly hot I .otn friction. I fool oontldeut 1 oould not havo done tho same work with as much c>aae rdJ so well with any other machine. No time wi\s .'ost In adjusting attachments. Tho lightest runuing mvchiuo I have evor treadled. Brother James and William's fatnilio* are as much ploasod with their Davis Maohinoa bought of you. I want no bettor machine. As I said before, I don't think too much can bo ?aid for tho Davis Machine. Rospcotful'j*, #llbs Smr*jcaoN. Fairfield oonnty, April, 18S3. Mb. Boao : My inaohino givea me perfooi vitUfaction. I find no fault with it. Tho sttaohmenU nro so simple. I wish for no better thnn tho Davis V>"'.ioal Peed. Respectfully. Mbh. R. Mil' ?no. Fairfl'iV coa**iy, April, 188;!. Ma. Boxo: I bought a Davis Vertica Feed Sowing Machino from you four year *g> I am delighted with it. It nevor . fivo: mo any lroible, and his never bev. the leastout of order. It is aj good at> when I first bought it. I can oheorfully roooia mend it. Rospoctlulty, Mns. M. J. KiHKXAm/ Moitioello, April 80, 1883. This is to cer ify tha*. I have boon using 4 Dhvis Vortical Feed Sowing Machino for ?/or two years. purchasod of Mr. J. O. *>oag. I hryen't found it possessed of nuy fuult ? ill u?o attachments era so simple. It novoi refmoa to work, and is tortainly tho llghto.il nuuiug in tbo inarkol I oonsider it a flret tlasa maohino. Very respectfully, Minni* M. Willi no haw Oakland, Fairflo'.d county. B. O. Mb. Doao : I am woll pleased in ovary pat. tlotilar with tlie Davis Machine bought of you. I think it a flriUclar- viohine iu ?vory rospoct, Yoa ks o .v y >u. ^oid sovora *>? nachinos of the eamj ma';a to dilferonl members of our families, all of whom, ns far as I know, aro well ploAso.1 with thorn. Rofpoo'wfally, Mr. M. PI. Mouiarr. Fairfield county, April, 183:). This is to certify wo have, had in oo..atant ' ci?o the Davis Machine bought of yoi nbou* - and don't want any boiter machine. It i| always ready to do any kind of work we have to do. No puckering or akipi'iug Htitohos, Wo can only say we ara well placed, and Irish no bettor maohino. ? ??'?Z ' OATiiKitiNM Wrj te and Bister ipnl 25, 1833. 1 have no fn? It to fii-t with my miu,vt..?, and don't want any w Itor. I have made ?.he price of it soveral 'linos by taking"in., lowing. U is alwan ? Ady to Jo its work. y, think it ? flrst-o'.nni machino. I foei 1 m'tsny "oo muoli f?x the Davis Vertioaj y Keet Mnotane. inus. Tnosiia Smith. Fairfield oonnty, April, 1883. Mb. J. O. Bdao??>jar Bir: Halves n. mnoh pleasure to testify to tho merits of tha Davis Vertioal Feed Sowing Machine. Tho machine I got of yoo about Ave years ago has been almost in-constant uso evor sineo that lima. I oannot see that It is worn any, and has not oost no ona cont for ropairs since wo have had it Am well pleased and don't w1h>~ or any better. Yours truly, RomcHT Obawvobd. Granite Quarry, near Winnsboro, H. O. We have used the Davis Vortioal Foed Buw Lag Maohins for tho last 11 vo years. W? would not have any othor make at any pricu J;ho m.iohino has given us unbouudod rati* action. Very respectfully, Man. W. K. Tuunk* and DauuhUxv. Fairfield oounty, B. O., Ian. 27, 188;' Having bought a Davlf Vertical Fond he? mg Maohino from Mr. J. O. Boag some th:-. years ago, and it having givon mo porfeoi satisfaction in every respect as a family ma chine, both for heavy and light sewing, and nevor nooded the least repair in any way,! can oheerfully rrcommond it to any one as a flrst-olana mnohitio in ?very particular, and think it second to none. It is one uf lit* simplest machines inado; my childron aso it with all eaie. The attachments are mor* Busily adjusted and it docs a greater range of work by means of ita Vertioal Feed than any othor maohine I have ever seen or need. Mas. Tiiomas Owimos. Winnsboro, Fntrflold county, B. 0. We havo had one of tho Davis Machine shout four years and have ulways found i! ready to do all kinds of work we havo ? to occasion to do. Oan't see that tho inaclnnt Is worn any, and wbrk* as well as when now Mas. W. J. OnAwrnai). Jaokson Creek, Fairfield oonnty, B. O. My wife la highly ytoased with the Duvj, Machine bought of yon. ftho would not tnk< double what sha gave fot it. The maohiix hns ijot been out of order sinoo she had i' and she can do any kind of work on it. Very respectfully, Jam. r. Vnv.tt. Montloello, Fairfield county, B. G. The Davis Bowing Machine Is wlmpl) rtatur*. Mhs J. A. (/o.>'?,VYf UUgewsy, N. 0., ./in. 10,188a J. O. litun, Agimt-t'JwIr Pill* t M|? *lfe hni? been nrting '? i/iivix Biwlntf Mftd\in*? torinlnntly for ilio i n*? four yonra, nml 11; urn tie/or uoodod nuy r^prtirnund work* jn?t" m well n? *hen flrnt bonutit. Hhu nn>n it will do n f/r<?i?t?r rnnpo or prufltlrnl work ?nd do It etuii<?r ?vhotter thnn Any mnchine I he hft* ev?>r need. Wo fiheorfnlly rocom Aetul it an n No. 1 family mnoMno. . Your* truly, .1 ah. Q, Davi*. iVIimehoro, H. O., Jan. 8, 1883. Vf*. Hoio?I hnve ntanvn found my Drv\? mitohine rondy t> do nil kind* of work 1 hnvo hid oooRflion to do. I oftnnot n?o ttiftt tho mftohlno in worn ft imrtlol?, and It work* u w*H n? whon new. lt??pootfoll?, Mm, HortRR? <5. ttoohrwi. WrmMROHO, 8. O., April, 1888. ? I ? M*. Boao?M* wife hrt* b^on oonnUntly Ming thf DavU runchine bought of von tbont Ave y*nn a?o. I hAvo never regretted haying it, m It 1* AlwAy* rendy tor nny kind >f family ntwing, either fcnnvy of light. It W never out of fit or needing ronnlr?. V#ry i.*p?otftt)l|? , a? w; bAt>tK hnmnn & a. M*??h 1888