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w '-"Tr THE CAMDEN WEEKLY JOURNAL. VOLUME XV. CAMDEN, SOUTH-CAROLINA, TUESDAY MORNING, JULY 18,1854. NUMBER 29. | j .1., u.. \r. I Agricultural Qualities of Nebraska. | across the center of Alabama. Its length is PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY THOMAS J. WARREN. TERMS. Two Dollars if paid in advance; Two Dollars and Fifty Cents if payment be delayed three months, and * ^ -j *!1uua r\f * via ttoqf mree uoiisrs 11 not psiu nu mc cA^uanuu w* ?uv j vu>. ADVERTISEMENTS will be inserted at the folio wing rates: For one Square, (fourteen lines or less,) seventy-five cents for the first, and thirty-seven and a half cents for each subsequent insertion. Single insertions. one dollar per square; semi-monthly, monthly and quarterly advertisements charged the same as for a singlo insertion. *3SPThe number of insertions desired must be noted on the margin of all advertisements, or they will be published until ordered discontinued and charged accordingly. g? Hfellatitntii From the Spirit of the Age. HORACE WJtSSl: or, THE EFFECTS OF "ONE AND THE FIRST GLASS." [concluded.] We will not weary our readers with a de scripiion of the pleasant time whi?*h they spent; suffice it to say that, thro'ugh the influence of the strong potations which he took, West (to use his own words) " passed a glorious lime, and repeatedly declared that he had never spent so pleasant an evening in his life, and that Munson was the finest fellow he had ever met with," and when he left for home, which was after night, the effects of the punch, toddy and wine that he had drank were plainly visible in the manner in which he walked the streets. He reached his dwelling and entered hv - ..ii means of his night Key. Alt >?iium was >im and >ilent as death; he made h'- wa\ a.- best he could to his chamber, and found thai In wife was sitting up waiting his return home; she raised her head as he entcied th - n- in and he saw that she had been weeping, and when she became fully aware of the slate !? was ii she at once buried her"face in Ii i lap and I,u s into tears. He passed by her in term, some drunken exclamation in regard l<* he. being up so late, and without undressing himself laid down upon the bed, and was soon sinning in drunken slumber. When our hero awoke in Mie morning the sun had been up some hour-, and was sinning brightly in his chamber window. He arose and dressed himself and went down to his breakfast. He found his wif. In J^orenfctnVi room at work, and his lood at"tin* tire aM .itiug his coming, and was ashamed nt his conduct the previous night a d fell that .-he kin-w nI about, it. and he hung down his head uiiahle to look hei in the face. She a-ked him kunliy but in a t*emulous voice how lie felt, and then began to get hi- food oil the table for him ; lie replied that he te.t very bad and that hi- had ached as if it would split. H? 'hen sat down to the tabie and after he had taken a eiif of coffee and a slice of toast he arose and said that he felt a little bettei though unt well enough to go to work ; he then laid down upon' kort u-heriJ lie remained the balatiee ol the day. He went to work on the next da\, though still suffering from the effects of the supper ul Munson's. During the day Jones alluded to the subject and asked him if he would not ul low that he was mistaken in the opinion* he had formed of his friend Munson previous to bis visit at his house. West replied that he would, for Munson li d treated him like a gentleman, and had invited him to visit his house; hinting, that if he wanted anything in his Hue at any time to he um * ? ? i.;~ ~?J:. ...... backward in asaing i<?r jt as w? v>cuh ?>.igood there for any amount; ?n invitation which West was not long in accepting- From that time he was a visitor at the house of Munson as well as the others in which the city of B abounded, spending his hard earned money and leaving his family to suffer for the neces sarie8 of life His wife and child were neglected for the company of drunkards and vagabonds, and often was it the case for hint to re turn home l.ite at night, and finding his wife sitting up awaiting his return, scold her for so doing. All thi6she bore patiently, never ceasing in her duty to him as a wife. His child young as she was, noticed the change in her father, as he did not now take her in his arms, and caress and kiss her as he used to do, she therefore clung closer to her mother's bosom, and found there that love which was denied her by her father. West also l?egan to decrease in his attentions to the interests of his employers, and often spent whole days at the taverns when he should have been at work ; the consequence was, he ti-oe anon HianhAropd and was unable to obtain employment on account of his intemperate habits, which were plainly visible on him. His creditors, among6t ?heni Mun?on, with whom his credit had been so good, now became pressing in their demands .against him, and he n t being able to satisfy them, they ->eiz d u|hui what little he had, and sold it for their own benefit. His wife and child were turned out of home, and where so many happy hours had been spent, and sought refng.- with Iter fa?h?-r West was aware of this, but did not seek them there, as he had not the courage to show him self to the Darents of his wife alter his treat mem to her, and too much independence, as i he called it, wh^n sober enough to think right ly"of the matter, to eat the bread which the) earned. We will now bring onr story to a period about one year after the events just mentioned, during which time West had been g<?i..g on as he was when we left him, and even worse, resorting to any and every means short of stealing to gratify bis thirst for liquor. He would put away wood and coal, run errands and do any thing by which he could earn a trifle of money to spend for a drink of liquor. His wife had been staying with her parents during the time, and it, together with the conduct of her husband, had not failed to leave upon her brow traces of care and trouble. She had not despaired of ever seeing her husband reformed, but prayed frequently and earnestly to her Heavenly Father that such might be the case. Some of her friends had attempted to persuade her to apply for a divorce from him; but she firmly refused to do so, saying that she would trust to God, that her husband might see the errors of his way and reform, and that they might yet li?e happily together. Her child had grown considerably during that time, and j was, at the period of which we write, a pretty little prattler, and frequently enquiied of her mothci in regard to " papa." j -One dark and stormy night and near the' hour of 11, a man. ragged, unshaven and dirty might have been seen standing in front of one i ot those low and dirty places called grogshops, ; which are so numerous in the city ot B , holding <>n to a lamp post, in a state of beastly j intoxication. He had been drinking, and the amount of money he had becoming exhausted, he endeavored to obtain credit, promising faithfully to pay, but he whs refused by the landlord (who was none other than our friend Munson,) whereupon he became importunate, and was forthwith ordered to leave the house. He hes itated in doing so and was assisted by the land lord, who takitig hint by the collar helped him as far as the door, and then giving him a sturdy kick, sent him reeling noon the pavement.? There he stood for some time when the sound of approaching footsteps fell upon fiis ears, when he raised his head and saw a genteel dressed man approaching him, who immediately stopped and laying his hand on his shoulder, enquired why he wts standing there? He replied in drunken incoherent words: '1 am standing here because I've got no oth er place to go to, and if [ had I couldn't g?? to it.' 'I see tie reason of your being unable to get away from your present situation. 1 presume that you have been engaged in drunkenness and debauchery in this grogshop here, ami been turned out by the proprietor after having spent all your money. Is no: this so?' ^e?, it is. I spent all the money I had, winch wasn't mm li at first, with Imii I I quer, j and then hied to get a little credit I more, j i i-iti I * n'i ed a getting cii (lit. ij j t put j Out, y ? 'ill-.I ?t..? I (ll.jtul; hut wii.'lt C.I ' p." .mi i \ ,-> t tun tiiat kind ot treatment from gin,, p. ii Ira tiif-f landlords are. But I suppo-e v.'ii i i i^?-t and forgive ail this, and spend tin- i .\ money \ <hi get with him for tlii- Vile (.iiiMiii, uiiieh must sooner or later, ii you do not riloiiu,cause \.-u to become an in* ante of a 'tale's prison, or perha ?s fill a tnurdoer . gr.ive. Will you not!' '.No,' .ooaerei. the drunkard; 'I will never sp.ii an-.titer nil in \,'a 1 nit' n l"'|g as I -rive "ButTa ?k heie, stranger, from your taikTj I iickon you belong to them fellows called rf- lis of 'JVniperaiice, w hom the landlords bless so mucii f"i interfering with a matt when he is making a living honestly, as they say.' *Ves, 1 am proud to say that I am a Son of Temperance," returned the man, 'and as such, mean to do all I r-an to suppress this vile traffic in ii toxi.-atiug liquors as a beverage. How would you like to join us? As bad as you are you can become better if you will but try, and we will exert ourselves to the utmost to assist you. But come along with tne; I will get you a pi nee of lodging for the night, and will see you in the morning and resume the conversation whieh I have thus abruptly brok n off.? Come on, "ive. me your arm I will help you to wnik ' Thus mged the irimken man, who was none other than Horace West, ?ave his arm to the kind stranger. ami the two proceeded on their way to die residence of the latter. Arrived at Iioiii-- the man entered the house, and leaving ..It' /> >( lit oon enK AI >? < si ill :i oimii in uim-eii, vvchi, in ,^aibn ui hi- wit'.- iioin li.' I ulid sitting up in her chamber, waiting ti>r liiin to i-ome home from his Divi-mii. .1 iiitliei ii?: had been, and was returnnig u i,eii In- met our hero. He told his wife oi what he had done, and she being of the same ki d and humane disposition as her hu-batid, ami ever will ng and ready to do a good act lor a fellow heing, no matter how degraded and fallen, busied herself in preparing a bed for hu?, wh'n-h was soon done and he in it -leeping soundly. In the morning Mr. Washington^ for such was tiie ii one of West s friend, came up to his room before lie had arisen from bed, and finding that he was in a sobei state, told him that eo?i/l nn fne litm tA P9t 11^ " IMIIW OtHU Up l"? v?.j and w<>uid come up afterwards and converse with hiin. He then went down to his breakfast and had West's sent up to him. of which he ate hearti v. not having had such a meal sat before him for a long time. After breakfast his kind friend again visited him and opened a conversation, in the course of which he learned the whole history of West from his birth to that time, and that he had then a wife and child w ho were obliged to be dependent on the bounty of others, in consequence of bis conduct.? That part of his >tory relating to his family he told with tears in his eyes, and wished, he said to Mr. Washington, that he could reform and live happy with them once again, hut that it was impossible; his thirst for liquor was beyond his power to conquer, and thai he mu-t despair of ever seeing that time.' 'Say not so, iny friend,' replied his benefac t?n-. '1 have known cases worse than yours, in which person have reformed and heroine good o>eiohei > .-oeietj; you can do so too. I wM assist (nil as much as I can, so prom se me that you wi:l join with us, and endeavor to reform, if not li>r your own sake, for that of your wite ami child, who will, 1 know, he made happy hejond expression by the change. Will A ? UW 'Ah, my friend, you know not how much J wish that it was in my power to make thern happs once more, but I fear it is too late, that i am too far gone to ever think of reforming,' replied West. 'But I know, my dear sir,' returned his friend, 'that you are not too far gone; you must not give up in despair; you desire to reform, all that is necessary, is for you to resolve to do so, and if you will join us I am certain that you can keep your good resolutions.' 4 am half inclined to try at any rate,' replied West; 'but you see that I am in no condition t<? associate with decent men; my face is bloated, my clothes ragged and dirty, and in everv respect I wear the appearance of degra d.ition and poverty; and as I am not able to buy suitable clothes, that is an obstacle 1 see no way of overcoming.' 'But 1 do,' answered Mr. Washington. . 'I will furnish you with a full suit of apparel, and take you to the Division with me at our next ? meeting, and in the meantime, you must re main here with us, and not go out and be temp ted to break those good resolutions you have made. Nay,' he continued, seeing that West was about making some objections to this mode of proceeding, 'you must cpnsent to be guided by me, and after you have joined the Sons we will get you employment, and the money which I w ill spend in clothing you will not come out of my pocket, hut out of the treasury of the Division, which has a fund appropriated to that purpose. So you see that I will not be a loser - f 1J by it, and even if I were to lose Dy it, 1 wouiu do so willingly and cheerfully, as I feel it a duty I owe to God to help a fellow creature in distress.' We will not weary the reader by repeating the balance of the conversation between the two in regard to the matter; itis enough for us to say that West consented to the arrangements made by his benefactor for his reformation, and promised to be guided by him; that he remained at his house, and having become more decent in his personal appearance, acted and was treated as a member cf the family, and on the next meeting night of the Division to which Mr. Washington belonged, weDl w ith him there and wa* finally enrolled as a member of Division, No. ?, Sons of Temperance of the State of M . The next thing to be done was to obtain work for him; they tried at several places; as Mr. Washington had promised, but without meeting with success; but at last, after repeat? i " ? i t.? ed efforts work was touiiu lornirn, anu nc **cm at it, getting good wages and promising Mr. W. to board with him, until he found himself able to take charge of his family, when he should he sufficiently well fixed in his temperance hab its to do so. He worked steadily for two mouths, during which time by his particular request his family had been kept in ig norance of the change that had been w rought in miii. He had avoided all temptations, never going nearer to a drinking establishment than he could possibly help, and spending his I evenings, when not attending some kind of ttumf intr ir. ihp fumilv of his friend and bene- | ,,,vxv,"r "'""v ? factor. One day he expressed a wish to Mr. Washington lor his family to be told of what happened and asked him logo Hnd tell his wife that lie would call to see her on that night at the house of her parents. Mr W. promised to do so, and after enquiring where she was to be fo'und set out on his errand. He reached Hie "pnttrg," and requesting a private interview with Mi8. West, was ii3iiiitletl Into her presence. His tale was soon told, and Mrs. West" was so much affected by the Intelligence that she could not find words to express her grati tude to him for the nohle part lie had acted in the reformation of her husband; and telling him that she would be too happy to see her husband at the time specified. After he had retired she repaired to her chamber, and locking the door to prevent interruption, fell on her knees and poured out her soul in thanks to her Maker for the change in her husband, and his answer to her many prayers for his re formation. When she left her room, she sought her parents and related to them all that had happened ; their joy w.ts inexpressible, and all they could do was to lift their hearts in union with their daughter's to God, in grateful acknowedgements. We do not intend to attempt to describe ftio irtufiil mootinnr Iwluiaan fhft InnfT SPfierated vnvjujim ?vv....g ?vv? w. O r husband and wife, and father and child; it was touching in the extreme. West again and again begged to be forgiven for his treatment to his wife, and Mrs. West readily forgave him and expressed her willingness to go with him again, and asked him to complete the necessary arrangements for them to commence housekeeping, as soon as possible, as she did not wish to be a burden to her kind old parents any longer than she could possibly help. West agreed with her in regard to that matter, and as a grateful return to her parents for their kindness to his wife when all others were unkind to her, in giving her a home, offered them a home in his family for the rest of their lives which offer they at the earnest solicitations 4' * ~ ~ o KnilCO ll'QC ui iiieir uuugutei att trpiru, nnu ? rented in the neignborhood of where Mr. Wash ington lived and but a few doors from it, and the happy couple together with the old folks are now living pleasantly therein. West is more 6teady in his temperance habits than he was before his fall, having experienced the fruits of intemperance. He now carries on business for himself and continues a good Son of Temperance, having passed through the highest offices in the Order. He labors hard all the long day, and at home surrounded by his happy wife and a group of merry children. Reader, our tale is nearly at an end, and with a passing glance at our other characters, and a few remarks thereon, we will conclude. Jones, the man by whom West was enticed to drink his "first glass," as the reader will recollect, together with Munson, the tavern-keep - r ci? : L-.. er, are oom now inmates 01 oiaie pno?>n, n??? ing found their way there, the one (Jones) final ealing goods to get liquor with, and the oth(Munson) for receiving them as in payment for it. The friend of West whom we noticed in the first part of this story as having been a fellowapprentice, was reformed through the united efforts of West and Mr. Washington, and is now a member of the same Division with them w orks steadily in the employ of West, and in order to avoid temptation as much as possible boards in his family. We have endeavored in the course of this 6tor> to show the evils of intemperance, and the good to be derived from temperace ; we have shown that no matter how much command a man may think he has over himself, he is treading slippery ground when he takes his "one and first glass, or an "occasional glass" and thinks that he is safe, and that he will most as 8urtdly fall. We havq tried to show the bad effects of temptation arising from association with persons who are in the habit of drinking and trying to persuade others to do 60; and last but not least we have called your serious -attention to that glorious Order so well and extensively known as the Sons ofTemperance and pointed out its principles in reforming the ?/w.nfirmuH HmnUards. and the benefits it IIIVOV WKUMMVM 1 confers on society. Members of that Oide> have a great and good work to do, and none should be careless and idle, when by their in. uueuce exeneu as mat, uy mi. ??aamngi",. ... ? the case of Horace West, so many men might be rescued from drunkard's graves. With ii what success we have shown all these thii gs b we leave the reader to judge, and in conclusion h let us say, beware of that "One and first glass" d * ? ti New York in 1853 and 1854. A year ago New York was the scene of the v utmost excitement. Her hotels and boarding ,r houses overflowed with the vast crowds galh t( " - ? <% .1 II, ered there from the ends or tne earrn. ner shopkeepers of all kinds were worn down with } excess of business, and her hundred places of J" amusement could not accommodate one half Ir the host of strangers in the town. Extrava- C( gance was rampant, and a sort of fury of ex w penditure raged among all, to such ari extent, C( that every one whose business brought hitn into contact with strangers was enriched. It was ei the season preparatory to the Crystal Palace n< opening?that ceremony so august in its promise, but so tame in its conclusion. The world P' was taken in for the time, and New York gath- ^ ered a rich harvest from the seed then scattered. l' The rage of high prices became an epidemic. w It seized upon landlords, who advanced their rents fifty per cent.; it spread among wholesale P" dealers and retailers; it attacked the cab drivera and the porters; it ran through the ranks of the large and small manufacturers, and it Cl .. ? ?.? -?-L 1?r m spread especially among ine ncner ritimo ui mc community. The poor laborer by the day-. 8,1 however, was compelled to work for his old jf wages, though his rent, his clothing and his food were enormously advanced. The influx m of fortune was not for him ; Crystal Palace ? prosperity was chiefly for the benefi' of the . s iar'. stockholders, tie rich hotel proprietors, 81 the merchant princes. They did, indeed, gath 10 er in wealth by thousands, and throughout the j P' slimmer their good fortune continued, although j the Palace itself, the chief instrument of their ' w prosperity, was soon pronounced bankApt. c( The excessive inflation of affairs in New P( York last summer was regarded as unhealthy by all soberminded people. Individual for- ' tunes, it is tiue, were made, to an extraordinary extent., and there was a feverish excitement . among all classes that was mistaken for sound prosperity; but it went down as rapidly as it fr advanced. The last winter reduced New York : 8C to less than its former bustle. The spring | rc showed it to have lost a large amount of what j has hitherto been regarded as its peculiar west- c' ei n trade, and the present summer is one of un-, 85 exampled dullness. One of its le-.ding jour-i w 'tilth -peaks ofth^TtOt<+^l?iiiejS being overdone j and half of the establishments novHoshrg RHUK, ey; of boarding houses breaking up by hun- 81 dreds for want of lodgers for the accornmoda . tions hastily provided for last summer's emer- 11 gencies. All the papers have complained and 81 still complain of the serious decline in the trade of the city, especially with the West, and, for 'n the first time, Philadelphia is acknowledged to be a competitor worthy to be respected and 81 - - * j .u even 10 ue ieareu in uie i uuc ui ? ?? ? ? prosperity. " Those who have visited New York this sea- ?' son speak ot the contrast between the appeararce of tilings this year and last as remarkuble. e' Tie comparative dullness of the streets, the w qiiet of the hotels, the long rows of unoccupied houses hurried up last year for the Crystal Pal 82 ace excitement, and the idleness in the jobbing ^ houses are all impressive lessons They tell 31 us that thousands of families have been driven to other cities or to the far West, by the extravagant rents and the high prices charged for 'r everything; that New York may be a city for c' the rich, but not f<jr the poor, and that that best element of a population?a hard working, hon- * est, industrial class?is dwindling down to a st very small proportion of the entire mass.kw ait/iAAootua QrrivuU nf * J lien juaue io uncu uj >>uwt-om u v. inexperienced, ignorant and in most cases, lr wretched immigrants, who, in turn, soon And ni that their own only chance of success in the P( new world is by a further emigration. ^1 While all these circumstances are observed ,r in New York, how is it in Philadelphia, which w is less than a hundred miles distant? Even 1 the inflation of New York last year caused no r< sensible depression here. The fall trade of " 1853 was excellent. Throughout the whole winter everything went on prosperously. The spring trade of J 854 -exceeded anything ever 01 before known, and was only to be explained by 'H the decline of the trade in New York. Improvements of every kind have never been so extensive, so costly or so substantial. Enter prise has never been so active. The advance in in rents and prices generally has not been ex- oi travaeant: the hundreds of new houses going ci up constantly are filled as soon as finished ; ft trade and manufactures of all kinds fiurish: our ir railroads are doing an unprecedented business, b and without a single symptom of unhealthy or r< unnatural inflation, Philadelphia may be said n to be more prosperous than she has ever been, b in the two pictures thus presented, of the w chief American cities, the public see the advan a tages of a sound, healthy system over an exag g gerated feverish excitement. The tevulsion n from last year, in New York, is a calamity for t< which no compensation is found in the remem- c brance of the success of that year, or the fact of ic a few colossal fortunes springing from it. Here o we had no excitement, and no business that a had no: a substantial and permanent basis.? The growth of our prosperity has been mode- ft rjlo u.irl irrurlmil hilt, it is HPCI1 Hlld it ill ftjllv K warranted by the demands of trade and popu- E lation. In every aspect of the subject we have t< reason to congratulate ourselves that we had t! no Crystal Palace here, and n<me of the mad ft excitement, mis-called prosperity, that the ri New Yorkers so lustily rejoiced over in 1853. V Phil. Eve. Bulletin. tl o A\ Example.?America is not so power li ful yet as Spain was three centuries ago.? it Spain rose, moreover, as America.has done, h through the reign of free institutions. She fell a by entering on a course of policy similar to that o which is now proposed for America. So long a as Spain honored labor, and made war only in ft a just cause, so long she prospered; but when si >he lent her sword to wanton conquest, and e ook to living on the spoils of captive nations, 1 die began immediately to decline. That law s is, that if either nations or individuals neglect n productive industry and seek instead to shine n by unlawful gains, they inevitably go to ruin, a The Cleveland He raid contains an interestig letter from the Nebraska region, written y William Walker, an intelligent and worthy alf-breed, and the chief of the Wyandot Inians, from which we make the following exact: " As far as I have been able to make obseration on cultivated lands, I have no hesitation i affirming that there can be no country found ) surpass it in the production of corn, wheat i.d oats. Clover I think, vill not do, well.? he s-'il is too loose, and the clover freezes out i the winter, and what is left gets the finishig stroke during the autumnal droughts so Jintnon in this country. That this country is ell adapted to fruit raising I can speak with >nfidence, as I have been doing something in lat department of horticulture. I think I nev r ate as lucious peaches in my life as my eighbors and I have raised. It is to be reretted, however, that in some seasons the * n . each crop has met with total taiiure. oui ie apples and other fruits seldom fail. Oil le alluvial lands we have pawpaws, &:c., that ill eclipse anything in the western world. With regard to mercantile and mechanical jrposes, it would be difficult at present to II. This will depend upon the population in e various prominent points, and when the irrent of trade has settled down to the peranent maximum. The location of the Misssippi and Pacific Railroad through the cenal route will soon develop the business points, ut upon the organization of the territory, and oreover, upon the extinguishing of the title ' the Shawnee and Delaware Indians to their nds upon the Kansas river, (as they own des) a great opening will here present it^fl i the enterprising and business men of a>suits. It is navigable for 200 miles up Republican Fork," except in a low state H ater, which occurs generally in the fall. >untry upon this stream is considered the b^| jrtion of the territory, the land genera^B ;ing adapted to agricultural purposes, ;ing well watered by streams emptying inH e Kansas River. H I have not traveled this portion of the tory, and therefore state only what 1 deriJB om reliable authority. I have explored tH luthern portion, and cannot speak in raptH ius terms of the country. It is not well wH red, nor has it as many privileges for mH -f <1 ---*1 n/M? io O/^^l iinery us 111 ine iiuriucru pan, ??w? u i good, though a fine grazing coj^fy" The hnle territory is a prainsr>?ffnpt upon the ream^SHaHke^nost other western countries, Is hills and dales, rivers and creeks, prairie id timber, rich and poor land. The upland es high and rolling into beautiful waves. The mber in the country is red, white, black, burr, id pine oak, shell and smooth bark hickory, iflee, bean, mulberry, ash, linden, dec., and i the bottom lands which are subject to munition, nothing but cottonwood of the rankest tid most rapid growth. There can be no better country for raising ve stock. The water (from springs) is gen ally hard owing to the source being from eds of limestone. There are springs, howver, that proceed from clay banks, and the aler from these is invariably soft. With regard to the climate, it is about the une as in the northern part of Ohio, except le winters are not so long, and the summers re longer and warmer. As evidence of the tier, 1 will state that through the months of uly and August, the mercury in the shade is equently up to 100 and 105 deg, and I reflect two or three instances of 110 deg. In the winter, the weal her is very irregular, i tiie winter months, the mercury sometimes ands at 55 deg. ot " Temperate,'' and in velve hours' lime will be 10 deg. below zero, he irregularity of the climate is by many atihuted to our altitude above the Mississippi, id proximity to the Rocky Mountains. But ermit me to say at least one thing in praise f the " Queen of the Prairies,"? we have both i winter and summer, the finest roads for heel carriages on the continent of America, do not say turnpike macadamized roads, but murlo hi? fhe nlastic hand of Nature. In le winter, especially, is glorious wheeling.? ideed good for any other mode of travelling. One peculiarity 1 cannot pass without re inrks. The morning and evening twilight ists about an hour longer than in Ohio. The Great Coal Fields. Heap the coal into the furnaces. Turn it ito gas. Construe it into any form for fuel r for light. There is no danger that the race an exhaust it. The old folks used to fret, for :ar the woods would give out, and the world i its last days go chattering and shivering to ed with cold, hut packed away between the jcks, yet so near the surface as easily to be jached, lie millions of cords of fuel that have een seasoning " from the beginning.'' He ho takes care of Knownothings and Irishmen iSL-o ii.^? u< if hfifh wprp fit tn livp_ when he ave the earth's surface for their habitation, did ut omit to dig a cellar and put coal enough in > outlast all who would ever want it. This ellar reaches from the polar circle to thetrop : of Cancer, and for almost every apartment f our house of many gables there is a door nd stair-case to reach it. More than 15,000,000 tons are annually dug om their Ave great deposits, and consumed in ingland and Ireland. From the '250 mines of ielgium, in 1839, there were taken 1,500,000 ins of anthracite and bituminous coals. And le fields of it that underlie our continent are ir beyond all the exhaustive powers of our ice as it is possible to exist here for centuries. V'e have been struck with the immensity of bese fields, even so far as they are now known a examination of a geological map lately pubshed by Philips, Sampson & Co., of Boston, l connection with President Hitchcock's Out ne of the Geology of the Globe. Beginning t the northeast, there are 10,000 square miles f it, embracing the whole of Nova Scotia, nd much of New Brunswick. A deposit is tund in the southeastern part of Massachu etts and in Rhode Island, not yet much workd. but covering an area of 500 square miles. ^he great Appalachian bed, starting in Pennylvania, embraces in its southwestern reach inch of Ohio, Virginia, and Kentucky, runs early across Tennessee, and spreads in three ect ions like the tail of a prodigious whale, 4* 720 miles, its area 100,000 square miles ? Another field reaches from far south of the Ohio into Kentucky, northwestward across Indiana and Illinois to the Mississippi, and occu- % pies an area thatcould scarcely becrowded within i he boundaries of Illinois?say 55.000 square miles. Then und -ri ving the oak openings and rolling,prairies of Michigan is another field of 12,000 square miles. Still another grand field, .tl which Professor Owen sets down at 5V^000 * > square miles, fiuds its southern boundary on a line parallel to the Osage River, and its northern in a latitude in Iowa, as high as Albany. ^ Then there are fields in Texas, New-Mexico, Kansas, and Nebraska, and doubtless further surveys will show them in the Great Basin and on both the sloping sides of the Rocky Mountain range. President Hitchcock, saying nothing of these west of the Missouri fields, reckons an area of coal fields within the spaces we have designated of more than -225.000 square miles. Twenty eight States like Massachusetts might be buitt on its broad founda lions ; and if the average thickness of the beds were put at 50 leet?a moderate estimate, every miner will say?the coal of the United States would be a body equal to three and a j I half millions of cubic miles! Pity that, with 1 such treasures under our feet, we should have to pay five and six dollars for enough to boil nnr tun.buttle fnr ^month. But if EurODO' continues to send us men so plenty to work . | these mines, and Yankees continue to invest # their money in the machinery to do what un* aided men cannot, we shall soon have enough | of it, at rates " within the reach of the poor* The 0-th eh Missing Soldier Found.?The Tampa (Fin.) Herald says: Our readers will remember, that one of the missing Soldiers from Fort Myers, was being searched for by the Indians. We are happy . to state that he was found on Pea River, on the 7th inst. by Capt. Snell, and carried to bis station. This soldier has been absent about 37 days, subsisting entirely upon wild fruit, berries, &c. Surely, Florida is a great conntry?starvation is next to impossibility. The little daughter of Mr. Tillis, about ten year* of " ]Q rlquo in Hunninlinr en h. UOil IV/OW At/ UHJO ?? i/VVV?ail#?l IUOV) UMVsisted upon saw palmetto. The comrade of the soldier above, was lost .8 days, and not materially affected by hunger. Its a great country. Con'gubssional Hocks.?A correspondent of the National Intelligencer, who signs hitn ? self on "Old Member," writes: Last year the British House of Commons averaged seven hours and forty minutes a day for 1(30 days, five months' session. I have not the means at hand to ascertain the average sitting of the House of Representatives during five months of the present session, but from having often made the calculation during the latter part of my twelve years' service in that body, I venture to assert that it will not, if as certained, as can be easily done, be found to exceed an axerage of more than about two hours a day: no more. South Carolinian. Columbia and Hamburg Railroad.?We find the following in reference to the survey of the Columbia and Hamburg Railroad in the Lexington Telegraph of th? 30th ult The survey of this road is rapidly approaching completion. The last line is now nearly completed, and we may shortly expect to see the report of the Engineers. The party arrived within a mile and a ha f of this place on Saturday last. Mr. Gurnard, the leveler, however, was four mile) back. On Monday he came up, while Mr. Gibbes and the remainder of the party were reconnoitering the crossing at twelve mile creek. On Tuesday he passed this stream, and we expect to-day will finish his field labors. ? Arrival of the Charleston DrkdoB Boat.?The Steam Dredge Boat, A. H. Bow* man, Martin master, arrived last evening from New York in four, days, running time, with a head wind nearly all the way. This is a first rate performance and, so far, justifies, the praises of the experienced judges who have pronounced the A.H. Bowman the strongestand most perfect structure of the kind that has ever been built. Her working machinery and gear will be put in order in the course of a week, snd she will then proceed to business. CJood luck go with her!?Cherleston Mercury. The Washington Union referring to the first instalment of $7,000,000, paid under the late Mexican treaty, says, this is probably the largest sum which has ever been paid in this country by any one check and on any one single depository. It is further probable that it will prove the largest paymeut that has been made at any one time in coin. Fire in Spartanburg.?We learn from, the Express that a fire occurred in Spartanburg on Wednesday last. The fire was extinguished without much damage, but General O. E. Edwards and J. Wofford Tucker, esq. received some injuries, though it is hoped not serious, in their efforts to prevent the spread of the fire. A recent advertisement in a London paper /annaorart onnnumnimli) hut xttrihllted tO the ??"J"*" ? Time*,) offers a reward of $5,000 for a mate rial which shall be found so ebeapluid serviceible as to supplant rags in the manufacture of paper, ... ' V. ' . 4 Jain