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COLUMBIA, S. C. Sunday Horning, July 25, 1875. j A Now York paper thinks "tlio most j perfect climate is that in which the tem-1 poraturo never excites remark," meaning an oven temperature, higli or low, such as the Hottentots or the Esquimaux en? joy. But, how in the world, wo would respectfully ask, could Americans or Britons exist, Unless they could talk about tho weather? "What would half tho people who meet each other in this country or England, or in any European country, find to talk about, if they had not tho tcinperaturo for a topic? Of course, if tho temperature here were uni- j form, as in Greenland, or whore roams "tho naked negro, panting nt tho line," we should seldom, if ever, think of making any Temark nbout the weather. There no one day is colder or hotter than another, in any remarkable degree, and tho weather subject is too monotonous! for discussion. The poor Africans and Hottentots, on the one hand, and tho poor Esquimaux; Greenlanders, etc., on tho other, are, therefore, deprived of the delights that we derive from' discussing the weather whenever we moot a friend. The climate m tho torrid or1 in the frigid zone may bo "perfect," according to the logio of our "New York conieinporary, but we confess to a preference for our own imperfect climate, not alone because it affords a perennial theme of conversa? tion, enabling bashful lovers to break the ioo, and all that, but becauso, with all tho evils incident to its sudden and great changes of temperature, its very variations suit tho temper of man and afford that variety which is tho spico of his life, even though it too often causes his promaturo death; and becauso, in its hottest and coldest stages, it is far more tolerable than the climate where the ex? treme and constant heat or tho extreme and overlasting cold "novor excites re? mark." Such "perfection" of climate is not pleasant even to contemplate at a safo distance, and would bo a sorry sub? ject for conversation, even if it should over "excite remark." Ono could never greet a friend in tho arctic or the torrid regions of tho earth with "a dolightful iday, sir," without perpetrating an at? mospheric falsehood. During tho first half of tho current year, the number of mercantile failures in this country was over 3,300, and the aggregate liabilities of the susponded morobantsare about $75,000,000. This would seem to be a very large amount of suspended debts for a single half year, but we are assured it is much less than the averago for the corresponding pre? vious half years since 1871", and that it consequently indicates a healthier con? dition of trade, so far as a diminution in the number and amount of failures can. It is quito ovident to any one who ana? lyzes the subject, that many of these failures, although set down to 1875. in roality belong to previous years. They have boon caused by tho revulsion of 1873, with its depression and declining Erieos. The unfortunate merchant, with ankruptcy impending, has been strug? gling to postpone failure as long as pos? sible, hoping ultimately to got through? paying one debt by making another? taking up an old note with a new one? doing the host he could with his declin? ing market?the result being a post? ponement of the final reckoning by piling up interest and spending capital, until the crash became inevitable. Hence tho cause of most of these failures of 1875 goes hack to 18T3, or even before. Letters received by tho President of tho New York Stock Exchange and tho bankers of that city, show that extensivo swindling operations have been going on to victimize people in tho country. Tho operators of the fraud have been advertising extensively in tho country papers, giving glowing accounts of stock speculations, by which fortunes arc easily gained. Pamphlets also are widely cir? culated, containing particulars of the modus operandi, the explanation being a plausibly construed theory of specula? tion, and claiming that tho operators have a combination by which failuro is impossible. Ono woman in Philakolphia has written to tho President of the Stock Exchango, stating that she had sent $10(5 there, and asking information, as tho firm informed her that her money had boon lost in speculation. The President replied that he could do nothing for her. Many letters have been received, show? ing that tho victims of tho fraud aro nu? merous, and extend through all parts of the country. Tho Herzogovinian tax-payers aro very evidently in earnest in their rovolt against tho Sultan of Turkey/ A despatch from \ Constantinople states that more troop* have been ordered from tho neigh? boring province of Bosnia to quell the rovolt " The significance of this tax-pay ors* rob oil ion is just this: that Turkey is bankrupt, cannot afford to carry on a war against those provincials, and, if the conflict is protracted, England, who has lont a good deal of money to the Govern? ment, will step in and a demand why the reforms required by the treaty .of 1856 have not been fulfilled. Rxm&bkb of Gen. McGowan.?At the re-union of Orr'b Rifles, at YVulhalla, on the 21st, Gen. McGowan spoke as fol? lows: . Comrades: It is good for us to be here. It is now ten long, weary years since the surrender of Appoinattox?a decade of suffering, and it is natural and proper that the survivors of the war should occasionally have such re-unions as this. They are pleasant, thoy are propor, and they may bo made useful. Such meet? ings as the present uro well nigh all that, is left us. The causo for which wo fought?a separate government for the South?was not triumphant. The inci? pient government under whose banners we marched went down, and in conse? quence no power exists to reword the poor Confederate soldier for his toils and sufferings and heroism. His condition is thnt of orphanage. Tho government for which he struggled cannot honor and reward with pensions the survivors, I nor gather up tho scattered deud into imposing cemoteries, and erect over them splendid monuments to their heroism. The Confederate dead lie in lonely and unknown graves, from tho Rio Grundo to Gettysburg, for the most part without monuments to mark the place where they lie; but not without lovo? "Sleep, angels, hither from tho skies, There is no lovelier spot of ground Than whero defeated valor lies, By mourning beauty crowned." The toils and sufferings of the Confe? derate soldiers wero great, but they have none of the "rewards usually enjoyed by a patriotic citizen-soldiery. On the con? trary, their struggle was considered re? bellious, and their efforts, instead of honors and rewards, to deserve rather that punLshment which was thought ne oefisory to make "treason odious." No public hospitals rise in the land for tho purpose of earing for iho maimed und disabled in the war. On all sides may be seen heroes with empty sleeves, or hobbling about on ono leg?actually jost? ling and struggling in the dust and heat of octivo lifo for oread. Tho speotaclc is a sad one; I never see it but my heart is touched. This forlorn, uncared-for condition of tho poor Confederate soldier should only bind us the closer together. It reflects back and gives an increased interest and sadness to tho great strug? gle in which they followed their honest convictions, and fought with heroism and fell without dishonor. My comrades, if our services in that war deprive us of all else, we have left to us, at least, tho consciousness of rectitude and the pure Slcasuro of such re-unions as this. Tho cart is still untrammelled. Let us make the most of this privilege. Let us in Eeaco and in quiet, without malice or atred to any, hold sweet converse one with another, talk over tho past with all its hopes and fears, joys and sorrows; recount tho stories of tho bivouac and camp-tire, and as we poss, drop a silent tear over tho sweet memory of some comrade whom wo buried on the battle? field, and recall tho long marches and bloody battles in which wo Buffered and struggled, hungered und toiled, and fought and bled together. Hore, at least, as at the parsonage of the "Deserted Village," "The broken soldier, kindly bade to stay, Sat by the fire and talked the night away; Wept o'er his wounds, or tales of sorrow done, Shouldered his crutch and showed how fields were won." But, my friend, you must allow me to make one remark: This re-union of old soldiers is not intended, and we must not allow it to have tho effect of rekin? dling again the old fires of strife. By no means. This meeting is only a social and kindly renewal of old ties, associa? tions and friendship. It is well occa? sionally to recur to first principles?-to recall the past and take our reckoning. It sustains our self-respect The soldier who did his duty in times of war was not actuated by malice, and is always ready to do his duty in times of peace. It is not the soldier who has smelt gun? powder, but the selfish politician, who wishes to perpetuate strife between the porties to the late contest. Tho true soldier is always just, liberal and mag? nanimous. If tho difficulties between the sections had been left to the soldiers at Appoinattox, the "bloody chasm" would have been crossed at once by an improvised pontoon bridge, the work of both armies. We ore now all one peo? ple, and able to remain so. Tho fates have so decreed it; and it is tho part of good sense, good policy and humanity, that wo should labor to bo in fact, what we are in theory, one people! I am one of those who believe that the lino of duty lies in the direction of conciliation in oil things consistent with truth, honor and self-respect. The war is over, and gentle peace returning. Tho em of good feel? ing is at hand. Good omens are in tho air. It is the season of centennials. The day is breaking. Let every one who was a good soldier in tho past do his best, us a good citizen in the future, to create kind and fraternal relations between tho sections, and to maintain that mutual respect, which alone can make tho con dition.of tho South, as a part of tho Go? vernment, tolerable to a defeated, but proud and high-spirited people. Gon. McGowan then gave some account of tho regiment, and road somo official accounts of battles in which they were engaged. This speech did infinite credit to tho general. After the spooking, the regiment was marohed down to the eating stand, and had on elegant barbecued dinner. On Tuesday night laut, a difficulty oc? curred on tho plantation of Mr. T. 8. Brloe, in Falrfiold County, when ono of tho parties, Adam Wood, was seriously out with a knife, and tho other, Calvin Douglass, mortally wounded with a gun? shot The Recobo of Disasters.?The socri fico of hum mi life from flood and earth? quake daring the pest six . months has been very great. We have before given somo facts of the recent destructive in? undations in France. Nearly one-sixth of that fertile and highly cultivated country haB been submerged by deso? lating hoods. Tho principal river of tho inundated department, the Garonno, is a broad but somewhat shallow stream, with fiat valley lands on either side. It receives frcm the Pyrenocs hundreds of turbulent torrents, and, on tho other hand, the whole water-shed of the South? ern slope of the high land between it and tho Loire, including some considera? ble rivers. For months, there has boon a drought in that region, when suddenly thcro was launched upon it in three days a mass of water which would have been amply sufficient if distributed through three months. The result was what we have seen, on a smaller scale, though sufficiently destructive and ter? rifying, in our own country, where absorption and evaporation have not assisted in the disposition of rain, and the river bed is not ample enough to carry it away. We have bad sufficient experience enough of tho effects of sud? den freshets in Jones' Falls to enable us to form n faint conception of tho disaster from which France is suffering. But nothing like that in the magnitude of tho losses of property and life has ever occurred here. Cities have been ruined, villages and cattle swept away, and large numbers of people drowned. The tlood seems to have been as sudden in its onset as it was terriblo in its effects, many distressing illustrations of which are given by the foreign journals. The exact amount of the loss of life is not yet ascertained, though 215 bodies have been recovered at Toulouse, where tho greatest loss of life was supposed to have occurred. Num? bers *f families arc- left penniless, and the active charities of the civilized world must bo exerted to alleviate the sufferings and impoverishment which have resulted. The loss of life by the floods in Franco is, however, compara? tively small to that which has been pro? duced by other causes elsewhere during the last six months. In the Fiji Islands alone, 50,000 people are said to have pe? rished by measles and other diseases, introduced since the annexation of those islands to Great Britain. 000 lives are said to have been lost by the overflow of the Danube in Festh. Wo are not in? formed of tho loss of life by the recent earthquakes and accompanying volcanic disturbances in Iceland, but thero havo been four other earthquakes, from which the loss has been given approximately as follows: In New Grenada, 16,000; in Asia Minor, 2,000; in the Loyalty Islands, where the earthquake was accompanied by a terrible tidal wave, 2,000; and at San Cristobal, Mexico, 70. A famine in Asia Minor during the early part of the year swept off 20,000 people before relief could rcaoh the afflicted region. Tho marine disasters of the past six months have been peculiarly destructive of life. Among them are tho Schiller, on tho Scilly Islands, 350; the Gottenberg, off tho Australian coast, 100; tho Cadiz, 02; the Fu Sing, a Chinese steamer, 50; the American ship Violetta, 42; tho Vicks burg, collision with icebergs, 40; the Thornabia, 20; tho Cortes, 2?; tho Geo. Batters, 21; the Bride, Bcrar, Berlin, (Ja? panese,) and the Alice, 20 each; and the Locbnagar, 10. There have been other se? vere disasters on the South American, Chi? nese and English coasts, which involved a serious loss of life, but it is impossible to estimate them, as the telegraph fur? nishes no record. The season has been unusually characterized by tornadoes and hmiricanes, and of these there have i been eighteen which have beim accom? panied by loss of life, as follows: In I Hong Kong, 500; Georgia, 317; Chili, ('.It; ! Louisiana, 20; France, 11; Missouri, 0; Mississippi, 11; Arkansas, 5; Michigan, ? 3; Wisconsin, 3; Illinois, 3; South Caro j Una, 2, and Kansas, 1?total, 0-14. Thirty five fires havo been reported, by which 301 lives have been sacrificed". Only three of these have been accompanied j by a heavy loss of life, being the burn I ing of a match factory at Gottenberg, Sweden, 5U; steamers at Now Orleans, 75; and the recent Holyoke, Mass., church disaster, 02. Explosions, mainly in this country, have killed 207 people, as fol? lows: Firedamp, 122; boilers, 48; gun? powder, 21; tire-works, 0; nitro-glycerine, 4j and chemicals, 3. This list, as will be seen, does not in? clude railroad disasters, snow slides and I the largo number taken off by suicide, murder, war, massacre and other violent forms of death. Most of these calami? ties admit of no remedy, but such us do, like tho privations nnd misery of the helpless survivors of flood and earth? quake, ought not to appeal to the civil? ized world for help in vain. Don't Make Wai: on tiik Stomach.?If you are bilious, dyspeptic and constipa? ted, don't make war on the stomach by successively swallowing blue pills, strong purgatives and powerful astringents. Such a procedure damages digestion and weaken tho bowels, leaving stomach, liver and intestines, after tho immediate effect, in a condition of greater disorder than before. That completo relief which remedies of tho above description signal? ly fail to afford is obtained by using Hostettcr's Stomach Bitters. And for tho best of reasons. Biliousness is tho re? sult of inaotivity of the liver, dyspepsia of weakness of tho digestivo organs, and constipation is produced by tho above causes operating together. Tho Bitters, 'Doing a powerful stomachic, overcome indigestion by stimulating the secretion of gastric juice, relieve biliousness by promoting greater activity of the liver, arid thus enable the bowels to act with renewed regularity. J23|3^1. -n-*-*v*-:??? i Stick candies, at Pollock's, under Opera House. Tue Veiled Murderess Free Again. The bill that hns just passed both bouses of tho State Legislature in relation to convicts sentenced to prison for life, affects but ono person sentenced from Troy?Henrietta Robinson, known as "tho veiled murderess." Tho bill pro? vides that persons sentenced for life shall bo conditionally released at the end of fifteen years, provided their conduct has been such as to warrant clemency; and they are to have their liberty for ten years, at the end of which time, if no other charge is brought against them, they aro to receive pardon. If they are convicted of crime during the ten years, they arc to bo remanded to prison to serve out the lite, sentence. Henrietta Robinson is now confined in the insane asylum at Auburn, being one of three women in tho State prison there, who will be released by the new law. Her crime is familiar to Trojans. She was convicted in 1852 of poisoning a saloon? keeper, residing near her homo, in the upper portion of this city, by adminis? tering poisoned boor. No provocation was shown, but it was proved that she not only administered the poison to the person who died, but also to a lady rela? tive of the deceased. She was sentenced to be hung, but this was afterwards com? muted to imprisonment for life. She re? mained in Sing Sing prison until quite recently, when she became insane, and was transferred to Auburn. She was very beautiful, and to this day even tho counsel who defended her, among whom was the Hon. Martin I. Townsend, do not know her parentage for a certainty. She became known as "tho veiled mur? deress," on account of her refusal to raise her veil during the trial. She has no friends, and will probably remain in tho insane asylum until released by death. A few years ago her pardon would have been gladly welcomed. It comes too late, however, and perhaps she will never realize it. [Troy (X. Y.J Tin?.-;. Nothing is more lady-like than the use of fine note paper and a neat fashionable envelope. So think the fortunate re? ceivers of such billet-doux. Tho sweet? ness of a charming sentence is rendered more delicious, if convoyed on a delicate tinted sheet of Pirie's Note Paper. It is bad taste in a gentlenirn writing to a lady on inferior stationery. If von wish to be posted on the latest nove\ites, the fashion in these matters, enclose a stamp to Walker, Evans <t Cogswell, for one of their little fashion books "Card Eti? quette," or send an order for a recherche lot of paper and envelopes of the latest style. Do not forget at tho same time to order a monogram. Jltif Tho Now York Commercial estimates that "about 3U,()00" of the well-to-do people of that city, "including.it may bo, a largo number of alien foreigners who have made their money here," have gone to Europe this season. "For fifteen weeks past they have been going by thousands." The steamers plyiuj.' be? tween New York and European ports are simply ferry-boats. In a letter to a Louisiana gentleman, Gov. Allen, of Ohio, says: "Your State and the cntiro South must look to a De? mocratic triumph in 1S70, as tho only sure guarantee of peace and civil liberty. We are making tho preliminary fight in ? this State against most powerful combi ' nations, but we will triumph in October ' as wo will in the Presidential race of j next year." ! Mr. T. S. Cavcndor, known a Ohl Malhtmatics, in consequence of his fami? liarity with figures, has been presented by Messrs. S. W. Melton ami J. H. ltion, counsel for the State in tho lato coupon cose, with a solid gold pen and pencil case, having tho simple but significant words, "Old Mathematics," engrave.1 upon it. ; Hail Storm. ? A terrific hail storm vi ' sited several portions of Kershaw County e>n Monday night, destroying houses, fences and* growing crops. We learn that the gin house on the plantation of Mr. J. D. Hammond was blown down, as was also the dwelling of Mr. Shiver. Severe damage to the crops are reported from several sections. W. W. Peako, of Winnsborro, has boon appointed route agent on the Air Lino Railroad, rice Adam Crows, trans? ferred to the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta. The four j^irl babies of Baltimore that were born all at once, or nearly so, last I February, tiro all dead, the last one hav I ing gone ofi" with tho whooping-cough, a few doys ago. Several prisoners escaped from Wil? mington, N. C, jail, a few days ago; but ? ono of them, named James Crawford, was overhauled and killed. Capt. Torrent, a native of Charleston, but for several years a resident of Au ? gm.tn, died in that city on Thursday j last. John Smith and Joseph Gibbs, the colored men who murdered Mr. James Garety on Edisto Island, are to expiate their crime on the UOth instant. It is said thot tho fumes of sugar snuffed up tho nose will euro ortlinary cases of neuralgia. Put a small quantity of sugar on a hot shovel and try it. A colored man named Allen Beach^ while building a bridge across Lynch's Creek, was accielently drowned iii that creek on Friday bust. The law office of Mr. J. M. Hutson, of Rarnwell, was destroyed by fire on the 21?t. Nearly all bis papers lost. Mrs. Mortimer' Glover and Mr. G. W. Whitehead, of Orangeburg, died last week. Canned goods, at Pollock's, under Opora House. HjMr. John J. Furlong, of Charleston, died suddenly in that city, on tho 23d. Ladies' and gents' dining saloon, at Pollock's, undor Opora House. 3 City Items.?Seegors' ice house will bo open this morning, from 7 until OA o'clock. Fruit, nt Pollock's, under Opern House. "When this "heuted torm" is over, we'll nil bo happy again. Fresh cukes, ever}- day, at Pollock's, under Opera House. Hix received all the premiums at the last fair for the best pictures. French confectionery, at Pollock's, under Opera House. Water-melons arc plenty in market now, and range from five to thirty cents. Ice cream, at Pollock's, under Opera House. Best pictures in the State made at Ilix's, cheap, for the summer months. Water-melons on the ice and off the ice, at Mrs. Hoffman's, near Phoenix of? fice. Old type in any quantity, at from twenty to thirty cents a pound, for Bale at Phoenix office. There were 11 deaths in Columbia for the week ending the 21th?whites 7; co? lored 4. A storm of thunder and lightning cooled the atmosphere last night, and made everybody glad. Customers will find the bargain coun - tcrs at Win. T). Love A Co.'s fully replen? ished every day, next week. Goods still lower. Those in want of white goods, should call early next week, at Win. D. Love & Co.'s. They are closing out these goods at a sacrifice. Wm. D. Love & Co. are selling their boots and shoes less than any house in the trade. A look through their stock will convince any one. ??Tho people," says the JUrald of Health, "lined more sun." Then, let them send here and get it. We have a groat deal more just now than wc can I use comfortably. Wc return our thanks to the commit? tee of tho Knights of Jericho, Saxe Gotha Lodge, for on invitation to a tem? perance pic-nic, at Lexington, on the 12th of August. j Gen. Wiide Hampton has been invited I by the Washington Artillery, of Charles? ton, to dolrvor the oration before them on the next 22d of February, and has ac? cepted the invitation. Unsealed circulars for local delivery are subject to a postage of one cent each circular, which must bo prepaid. An address may be written on a circular, but any other writing thereon except the mere correction of a typographical error, will subject it to letter postage. Religious Services To-day.?Trinity? Rev, P. J. Shnnd, Rector; Rev. J. H. Stringfellow, assistant; 11 A. M. and G P. M. St. Peter's - Rev. Father Folchi; 1st mass, 7 A. M.; 2d, 10J A. M. Washington Street?No service. Marion Street?Rev. Geo. Howe, D. D., 101 A. M. Lutheran?Rev. Z. W. Bedonbaugh, ia.\ a. m. Baptist?Rev. A. B. Wordtin, Pastor, 11 A. M. and 8 P. M. Odd Fellows' School House- Rev. A. W. Walker, 5 P. M. Presbvterian?Rev. J. H. Brvson, Pastor, IDA A. M. and 8 1'. M. Religious services, under the auspices of the Young Men's Christian Associa? tion, will be bold at Good Templar's ! Hall, on Main street, this afternoon, at i 41 o'clock. i ? I Court of Common Pleas.?The Court j met at 10 o'clock, Judge R. B. Carpenter ? presiding. Arguments were heard in the I following cases: E. W. Wheeler vs. Theo. M. Pollock. Exceptions to report of referee. Deci? sion reserved. Furinan, trustee, vs. the Greenville and Columbia Railroad Company. Motion to re-open order of Judge Boozer, of date August it, 18C9, discontinuing case. Order modified. The Court adjourned at 1 P. M., to meet again on next Wednesday morning, ' at 10 o'clock. Hon. J. B. Campbell, of Charleston, j was in Court, and participated in nrgu j ment in case of Furinan vs. Greenville i and Columbia Railroad Company. Savannah and Charleston Railroad ! Casks.--The Supremo Court, Judges I Moses and Wright being present, heard the appeal of tho Comptroller-General from the decision of Judgo Rood in the Savannah and Chvrleston Railroad case. The Comptroller-General was represented by Corbin A Stone and S. L. H?ge. J. B. Campbell represented the receiver of the railroad. Printed arguments were sufe mittod. A motion was also made that the roceivcr and advisory board bo attached for contempt, in refusing to obey the order of tho Supreme Court, and also for an order compelling said receiver and advisory board to give immediate posses? sion of tho Savannah and Charleston Railroad to the Comptroller-General. Tho Court took tho papers and reserved its decision. List of New Advertisements.? E. Pollock?Confectionery, &e. A. Pope?Atlantic Coast Line. Phoenix Hook and Ladder Company. W. R. Cathcartr-Stolen.