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COLUMBIA, S.C. I Saturday Morning, July 10, 1875. Preedmon's Declaration of Independence. A number of colored people celebrated I independence day at Hilladalo, near j Washington city, on the 5th instant, and had for orators two of the most celebrated colored men in tho Union?John M. I Langston and Frederick Douglass. Tho I statements and sentiments of these co? lored leaders are so significant, so ex-1 prcssivo of the deep dissatisfaction of tho negro population with tho hypocriti? cal Radicals that have so misled them, and so abused them, that wo think it will bo both interesting and instructive to our readers to see the salient points made by the orators. Langston led off. Ho is a professor in Howard College, in Washington, and is nearly white, having in his veins only enough of negro blood to swear by, and yet enough to oxclnde I him from white society, which fixes his fealty to tho black man; and hence he talks as strongly in favor of the colored I peoplo ns though he wero a thorough? bred African. He is, nevertheless, a very good speaker. HiB theme was "self-respect" and "self-reliance" among j tho colored people. He preached up independence, "self-government," and I urged the repudiation of that of tho white man,: "thd self-constituted guar? dian of the negro." Who he meant by this "self-constituted guardian" was plain. Lnngston assailed a body of "Congregationalist preachers" ttiat met at Atlanta, Go., on tho 20th of April last, and, he says, came to the conclusion that tho negro "was a failure," and pro-1 ceeded to toko charge of him as incapa? ble of taking care of himself; and they also proceeded to collect money for that pnrpose, a measure Langston considers always of first importance in the action of these "self-constituted guardians." These Congregationalists wero of Repub? lican persuasion. Langston says they exclude negro representatives from their deliberations, and he charges upon thorn that they havo done a great deal to de? stroy the negroes' self-respect and self reliance. Langston said: "Tho colored man is always to be made to feel his inferiority to the white man. And besides nil this, those white men fill up their treasury by saying to the giving public: ?The negro is a dan? gerous animal. Ho must be educated, and wo ore the only persons in the conn-1 try who con do it. Wo Congregational- i ists have a society for this work; we have a college at Nashville, and schools all over tho South. Give us money, and place tho nogro into our hands, and we will take care of him.' "Mr. President, I am hero to enter a solemn protest against the roccnt doings of tho American Missionary Society. I am hero to-day to declare my independ? ence and independence for all who are my followers. The hour is come when we must throw off this yoke of oppres- J sion, and stand up for our rights as free? men. Tho signs of the times demand that wc shall prove our fitness for all tho duties of citizenship. "The same gentlemen who met in At? lanta have at last succeeded in getting tho Howard University into their hands. One of their number is elected presi? dent And thus the university that was founded upon the hard-earned money of our fallen colored Boldicrs, and dedi? cated to the education of their children, has passed into tho hands of tho greatest proselyting society in the country. Like Lincoln University, founded as a school for the education of our youth, who have knocked in vain at the doors of white collages, like Lincoln, also, it has de? nied the men whom she has graduated, or graduates from other and oldor insti? tutions, to become tutors or professors there. "Fellow-citizens, we will no longer endure such indignities. Wo will no longer consent to follow our inferiors! We will no longer send our children to schools marred by men who, in conver? sation, declare in elaborately-written ad? dresses that tho negro is a failure?in the body politic, in religion, in school, and in every department of life. No; we here and now declare ourselves a full and independent people. Free to work, free to think; in tho church and in the State, in the school and in the home. And may tho God of our fathers help us to keep this declaration inviolable, that it may pass as a sacred legacy to our ohildrcu, and bo road with religious and patriotic enthusiasm to tho latest gone ration." [Groat applause und cheering.] I This cannot bo flattering to hypocriti? cal negrophilists. But Douglass was yet moro pointed and severe. Wo quote a few extracts from his bold declarations: He said that tho negro would not havo been free now but for the quarrel be? tween the North and tho South, and if the white people made peace now, what would become of the negro? He spoke of the Israelites by Divine direction bor? rowing the jewelry of the Egyptians upon the eve of their departure, and thus leaving fuTl-handed; and he seemed to mourn over the fact that the negro went out to freedom ompty-handed. Worse than that, he seemed to be reject? ed by North and South, and was thus in a forlorn condition. Pouring forth a sort of jereniiade in this way, be next asserted that even the Republican party seemed to desire to get rid of him. Ho asserted that a number of Republican statesmen aspiring to tho Presidency, seemed to be casting abont to see if they could not bo elected "without the aid of tho black vote." Ho only hoped that the next President would bo as good a friend to the negro as Gcnoral Grant, but seemed to regard him as their last friend! Douglass finally concluded that the colored man was "thrown upon his own resources." And here follow some quotations showing tho now resolves as well as the resentments of tho betrayed black man. Sec how the colored orator pours his running fire throughout the line of Radical humbugs: . "You will bo tho architects of your own fortunes. All we ask is a fair field to work in, and the white man to leave us alone. We have been injured more than we have been helped by men who have professed to be our friends. They aro lawyers without clients; ministers? broken down ministers?without church? es; wandering teachers without schools. ? 'They aro great beggars. They have tho science of begging down to a nicety. They nre great at getting out circulars. They scatter them broadcast over the land, as leaves before the autumnal gales. If you arc worth anything, they will find out where you live; and if yon never got a letter before, you will get one now. [Laugh tor.] "Fellow-citicens, we must stop theso men from begging for us! They misrep? resent us, and cause tho country to look upon us as a poor and helpless people. They say, 'Please give something to help educate the poor black people; but do, pray, pay it to me.' And if it is,$100, it is reduced to about 100 cents when it gets to tho 'poor black people.' We do not want?we will not havo?these second rate men begging for us! We protest against it! [Voices: 'That's so." 'Hear, hear!' Loud and continued applause.] "Mr. Chairman, I think tho colored people of this country have had an ex? perience during the last decade that will not be ropeatcd in the future. Wo havo had a 'Freedman's Savings Institute,' but we don't want any more. [Laughter and applause.] Our white friends told us if we bad cents, bring them to them, and they would take care of them; if we had dollars, or hundreds, or thousands, to bring thorn to thorn. They told us they had a goose and a golden egg. [Laughter.] Yes, we put our millions there, but whero were they now? [Voice, 'That's so.'] The men who went into that bank a few years ago poor men, nre now domiciled in beautiful homes, and drive their fine turn-outs. It makes mo feel badly to think how we have been robbed. Just enough honest men have been put into the bank to insure its suc? cess. Rut while they put in two sound apples, they slipped in fivo or six specked ones, and were sure to turn tho specks down. [Applause. ] "I said, fellow-citizens, that wo must protest against these men begging for us. Allow mo to add that we must stop begging ourselves. If wo build churches, don t ask white peoplo to pay for them. If we have banks, colleges and papers, do not ask other people to support them. Re independent. Douglass concluded by proposing a declaration of independence for the blacks, beginning with the first para? graph of the American declaration, and concluding thus: "Wc propose to cut loose from all in? vidious class institutions, and to part company with all these wandering men? dicants who have followed us simply for paltry gain. And wo now bid an affec? tionate farewell to all those plunderers, and in the future, if wo need a Moses, we will find him in our own tribes." [Tremendous applause and cheering.] If the scurvy Radicals can stand this, they can stand anything; and can't they? Rut will tho colored peoplo follow Doug? lass or hold on to their Radical alliances? Wc shall see. General Piieston'b Address Cen? sured. ?Many of tho Southern papers condemn the bitter and ill-timed utter? ances of General John S. Preston, deli? vered before the alumni of the Univer? sity of Virginia, last week. The annexed extract from tho Lynchburg Virginian represents tho general expression of the press: "We arc glad to learn that tho senti? ments of General Preston, though ele gently expressed, wore not received with favor by those to whom thoy wcro ad? dressed, and do not indicate tho opi? nions of tho sound-thinking peoplo of Virginia and tho South. Let the North? ern journals make n noto of this when thoy undertake to hold us responsible for the imprudent utterances of a retired old gentleman, who lived infSouth Caro? lina when it was customary thero to de nounco everything North of a certain line." Tho correspondent of tho Baltimore Sun, in giving an account of tho pro? ceedings at tho University of Virginia, stated, when reporting tho speech, that its extreme sentiments wero condemned by those present In tho United States Court, Charleston, July 8, Judge Bryan presiding, in tho case of J. & T. Green against Cyrus H. Baldwin, receiver of the Exchange Bank | of Columbia, J. P. Carroll, L. D. Childs and others, an appeal was granted. The application of a. Fahrenbach, for final ! discharge in bankruptcy, was referred. Death of Ceneral Blair. . The telegraph informs us of the sud? den death of General Frank P. Blair, at his home in Missouri. He had been ill for a length of time, but his friends had confidently hoped for his final reco? very, as tho transfusion of blood into his veins had re-invigorated him, and had enabled him to ride or walk at plea? sure. The day of his demise, he walked down stairs. General Blair, like nnto the other male members of his family, was a remarkable man, and was noted for his fiery zeal in any cause in which ho engaged, as also his dogged opposi? tion to the powers of reasoning or con? viction. He was a politician of some note, and hud served in various civil and military positions. At tho conclusion of the war, he retired to his home in Mis? souri. In 1808, ho ran for Vice-Presi? dent of tho United States on the Demo? cratic ticket with ex-Governor Seymour. Shortly after his nomination, he pub? lished his famous Broadhcad letter, in which ho denounced the Reconstruction Acts as unconstitutional and revolution? ary in their tendency, and promised vigorous action for their overthrow in the event of his election. Notwithstand? ing the devastation and outrage perpe? trated by the army under Sherman, in which Bluir was a corps commander, and whose corps was tho brag incendiaries and robbers of that army, and which corps and army laid waste and made a wilderness tho whole country in their line of march from Chattanooga to Sa? vannah, Charleston and Goldsboro, N. C, General F. P. Blair received a heavy vote from tho Democrats of those sec? tions. But Blair is dead; and we are re? minded of the proverb?"Dt morluls nil nisi bonnm." ???>?->? Remarkable Scene at Memphis on In? dependence Day?BumriNo the Hatchet between White and Black. ?Tho great feature of tho Fourth of July celebration at Memphis was tho pic-nic ol the In? dependent Order of Pole Bearers, (co? lored,) whore the following invited guests were present: General N. B. Forrest, Genend Gideon J. Pillow, Colo? nel M. C. Gallaway, of the Appeal; Capt. J. Harvey Mathias, of tho Ltxbjei-; Alder? man Henry G. Dent, Maj. Minor Meri wcther and Dr. Clark. President Hen? ley, of tho Polo Bearers, opened the pro? ceedings with n brief speech. He said politics, but to pull "down the political and bring about peace, joy and union." President Henley then said: "Gen. Forrest, nllow me to introduce to you Miss Lou Lewis, who, as tho representa? tive of the colored ladies, will present you with a bouquet, to assure you of the sincerity they entertain for the objects of this occasion* [cheers] and as an offering of peace." Lou Lewis then advanced to where General Forrest was standing, and pre? sented tho bouquet with the following remarks: "Mr. Forrest, allow mo to present you this bouquet, as a token of reconciliation and an offering of peace and ^o-od will." [Applause] General Forrest received the bouquet, and in response said: Ladies and Gentlemen: I accept the flowers as a memento of reconciliation between tho white and colored races of the Southern States. I accept it more imrticnlarly as it comes from a colored ady, for if there is any one in God's earth who loves the ladies, I believe it is myself. [Immense applause and laugh? ter.] This day is a day that is proud to me, having occupied the position that I did for tho past twelve years, and been misunderstood by your race. This is the first opportunity I have had during that time to say that I am your friend. I am here n representative of tho South? ern people, one moro slandered and ma? ligned than any man in the nation. I will say to you and the colored race that the men who bore arms and followed tho ling of tho Confederacy are, with very few exceptions, your friends. It has al? ways been my motto to elevate every man?to depress none. [Applause.] I want to elevate you to take positions in law offices, in stores, on farms and I wherever you aro capablo of going. I don't propose to say anything about poli? tics. You have a right to elect whom you please; voto for the man you think best, and I think, when that is done, that you and I aro free men. Do as you consider right and honest in elooting men for office I have been in the heat of battle when colored men asked me to protect them. I havo placed mysolf be? tween them and the bullets of my men, and told them they should bo kept un? harmed. Go to work, be industrious, live honestly and act truly, and when {?on are oppressed I'll como to your re iof. I thank you, ladies and gentlemen, for this opportunity yon havo afforded mo to be with you, and to assure you that I am with you in heart and in hand. [Prolonged applause.] Gen. Pillow made an address of con? siderable length, in which ho gave tho colored people some sage advioe. Hon. Casey Young, who had expected to be present and make a speech, was unable to do so on account of illness, sent a letter, which was read and well roceivod. Great enthusiasm was manifested by the colored people throughout the pro? ceedings, and the patriotic sontimenta expressed' by 'the speakers were fre? quently* applauded. '# ? m ? ? A genuine ^riaily bear is creating a commotion in the St. Paul's section of Darlington County. thev had not como _i_x a?_11 City Matters.?The pleasure-seekers j nre departing springs-wards. Luna shines forth gloriously now. The days are growing shorter at the rate of two minutes daily. "Which would you rather do this hot weather?or go a fishing? Not otherwise. Messrs. J. G. Thompson and C. C. Puffer have been admitted to practice as attorneys nt law. The bridge corner of Dull and Taylor streets is in a dangerous condition and should be attended to. Northern travelers will find tlnv route via Charleston and Clyde steamers just tho thing. The vessels aro commodious, the accommodation all that could be de? sired, the officers attentive, and the tables supplied with everything good. The heated term is worse than the third term. Yesterday the sun poured torrid beams upon the town, and those who believed a few days ago that the winter would last all summer, found their error when the thermometer stood at ninty-fivc degrees in the shade. Floeida.?The information, only de? veloped in the last few years, of the de? lightful climate of Florida, its remarka? ble salubrity, and the extraordinary for? tunes being realized from its orange, banana and pine apple crops, has drawn visitors and settlers in thousands from every "State in the Union. Upwards of 50,000 persons are estimated as having visited that State last winter, and the number is increasing each ye ar. Many of our readers who have been seek? ing information on this entertaining subject will be pleased to have an op? portunity of bearing an interesting lec? ture, to-night, from Hon. Y?'m. Kcndrick. Mr. K. was many years State Senator in Florielu, ami being a native Floridian, one of the old Imlinn fighters, is well able to tell nil about that State. We learn that he and our old im ml, Col. J. G. Gibbes, projiose a tour during the next three months through the North ami North-west, lecturing on tho sub? ject in the inte rest of Florida emigration. Our reaelers will find much to instruct, interest nnel ainusc them, by attending to-night. Special Term Coit.t e>r Common Pleas?The Parked Trial? Damaoino Testimony.?The case of the State against Riles G. Parker was continued yesterday. James O. Ladel was the first witness called for the plaintiff, and his testimony proved to bo the most interesting to the auditors uml important to the State of any that has been thus far prodtioeel. He was book-keeper first, ami then chief clerk in Parker's office, from November, 18t>8, till January, 1871. The rule re? garding coupons that bad matured be? fore the bonds to which they were af? fixed were issued from the Treasury, was that such coupons should be de? tached and fileel in the office. The wit? ness stated that he had no business rela? tions with Parker, other than the-se of an official character, up to 1671; knew no? thing of bis own knowledge-, or by Parker's admissions, of Parker's having nbstraetcil over $450,000 of coupons from the Treasurer's office at any time. In May, 1873, while at the elinner table, talking about defendant's pre>posed trip to Europe, Parker turned from tho table ami opened his safe- uml showed to wit? ness packages which Parker said con? tained $150,000 worth of coupons. There were five or six packages, each contain? ing $25,000 we>rth of coupons, e xcepting one, which contained $50,000. Parker told witness that he- had ge>t these cou? pons at the final settlement in Ne w York with Kiinptem; that they were his part ol $150,000 worth of coupons, which were distributed as follows: Kimpton, $15?', 000; It. K. Scott, $50,000; J. L. Neoglo, $50,000; Goverm>r 1). H. Chamberlain, $50.000, and Parker. $150,000. Witness stated that -Parker said at that time that he did not know that Gov. I). II. Cham? berlain had e.ver received a cent of these coupons. In response to the Court, witness stateel that Parker had not said that Chamberlain did not know anything about these $50,UUC> coupons, but that he' (Parker") did not know that he had ever received n cent of them. In June or July, 1873, Parker went to Europe. In May, 18T4, witness had another conver? sation with Parker, which was about the funding of the coupons; witness was asked to assist in funding some of the m, and consonteel. Parker said that W. B. Galick, Esq., would fund coupons for outside parties, ami oskctl witness to see him in that connection, which witness did, by writing him from Charleston. After this witness had another conversa? tion with Parker, in July, 1874, when witness asked defendant what had been done about funding tho coupons. Par? ker replied that Senator Y. J. P. Owens would fund them for him. In the con? versation in May, 1874, Parker marked or cheoked off from an advertisement under the Funding Aot niado by the Treasurer, those bonds to which tho coupons he owned belonged, as follows: Capitol bonds, bonds for redemption of bills receivable anel payment of public debt, bonds for funding the bills of the Bank of the State, and bonds for the re? lief of the treasury. Witness produced the advertisement as Parker had markeel it and give it to him. The following is the substance of a letter received by wit? ness while in Charleston from Parker. Tlit- envelope und letter bear date Co? lumbia, S. C, June 2, 167-1: '-Deai: Gat-tain : Gulickwill ad. (adver? tise) in New York at once. I have seen copy of ad. It will go on immediately. I think he will ad. here, but he has not done so yet. Please write him and ask him if he is prepared to attend to such business. Say you havo heard he was. Say you have some to be funded?do not say for whom. You must not say who for under any circumstances, be? cause I have fout/M (under-scored in letter) the whole scheme from beginning to end. It is an outrage, but I am forced ' to take advantage of it, or I would not. (if course you understand me. You must not keep this letter, but destroy it." The remainder of the letter was of a private nature. The witness, on the cross-examination, stated that he had known Parker since lfcOG or '67. Wit? ness stated tiiat bis feelings had always been kindly towards Parker, anel that if he had e ver said that Parker could not have treated him better had he been hi* father, the remark would have been just and true, though he el id not re member ever to have said so. He said that Par? ker had got }nm into the Treasurer's of? fice; then into a situation on the Wash? ington Chronicle, in Washington, D. C, of which Parker was then a part owner, at a salary of S50 per week. Witness borrowed of Parker $500, which Parker said he could pay back when he was able and was asked for it. Parker advanced money to witness in 1871 for the pur jie.se of se tting him up in business. Witness failed; did not pay any of his creditors in full; settled with the largest creelitor twenty minutes before Sheriff closed Iiis store nnd;r an execution; did not run off any of his gooels; gave Pose some whiskey on account of his board anel Parker a good many goods in pay? ment ol money due- him; Parker got most of the goods taken from the store. Witness did not represent himself to Hazlett & Co. as a partner of Parker. Ho eloimed the right to explain about his failure, which was granted. He said Parker had represented to him that if he would begin business on capital Parker would advance and use his own name, he (Parker) would assist him r.nd come into the business also. Relying upon this, witness had, within two months from opening the store, four times as much steck as the original capi? tal, and had to stave off notes lulling due as best ho could?Parker giving him no assistance. I)id not get from Parker more than $100 after the business started. Witness failed because he relied on Par? ker's assistance. No blame to Parker for his failure, because he knGw Parker's embarrassed financial condition. Up to the time of Parker's arrest, witness had never spoken harshly of him to any one. Had never told any one that there was nothing in this case that could injure Parker; on tiie contrary, he hael tolel Dr. Neagle and Mr. J. G. Thompson that there was, although he had no desire to injure him. Witness explained that on the day before, he had been sent for by Puffer; took a drink with Puffer; then met Maurice Parker, defendant's son; took a drink with him and Puffer; then went with Puffer olone'to his room, in Parker's Rlock; then Puffer tried to per? suade him from testifying against Par? ker; said he thought his testimony un necessary, Ac. The Court took this as sufficient excuse for his absence on yes? terday, und ordered the attachment to be vacated upon payment of costs thereof by witness. J. C. McKinney, chief clerk in the Treasurer's office, was next examined. The coupons the n exhibited to him wer?' the same counted a month ago in his office. He funded for Y. J. P. Owens coupons as follows: l'Jth June, 1874, $24,000; 10th June, 1S7-1. $100,000; 18th Juno, 1874, $48,001; 24th June. lo74, $114,000?total, $280,001. He had fund? ed for Y*. J. 1'. Owens all the coupons that were on the stand. T. C. Dunn, Comptroller-General, tes? tified that the e-oupems identified by J. O. McKinney wen- the f ame funded for Y. J. P. Owens. Witness got them from the Treasurer, and examined a part of these coupons personally. He was one of a committoc, consisting of himself, Nash, Meotze, lirayton, Humbert, Hayno and Whittemore. He then gave a classi? fication of these coupons, as made by this committee, tho total of which was $2*0,000. He testified that all the cou? pons thai had been funded for Owens were as agre-ement. While testifying-in relation to another point, the Court ad? journed until 10 A. M., to-day. List of New Advertisements. G. M. Walker?Rank Notice. II. A* S. Heard?Auction Sale. Oliver Ditson A Co.?Music Rook?. J. Waties A Co.?Wanted. Meeting Y. M. C. A. Wm. Kendrick?Florida Lecture. W. D. Rurko-Corn, Hay, Eggs, Ac. Statement Union Rank. Murder, Remorse and . Sl'icide.?Iu Point Coupoe Parish, La., a few elays since, David Gay, Jr., a planter, becom? ing engaged in an altercation with one of the coloreel hanels on the place, whom he hael previously orelereel to leave the plantation, and being so much exaspe rated at finding tho man in the field among the other hanels, in defiance of his authority, drew his revolver and shot the man elead, and immediately after? words, as if actnatcel by remorse for having taken the life of a fellow being, he phiceel the weapon to his own head anel Rhot himself, but the first shot hav? ing failed to extinguish life, he fired a second shot, which took effect in his brain, and ho fell a lifeless victim by his own hand within a few feet of the man ho had just slain. --*>-? ? During the celebration of tho Fourth at West Unity, Ohio, a man named Peter KrineUe was killed by the premature discharge of a cannon. He leaves a family.