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THES ? . . VATIC T?CKKT^^ For Pr?sident, HORATIO SEYMOUR, OF N. Y. For vice-President, GEN. F. P. BLAIR, OF MD3SOURL COLUMBIA. -z--: Ji \< : i: -.-1-.-? : - ?.?^ Friday Morning, August 7, 1868. Th? South Carolina. Democracy. The Democracy of South Carolina have now taken tho field, folly, and freely, and universally.. throughout the State. Since tho New York Con veution, Charleston hus ronsed np Uko a strong man from his slumbers, and is preparing to. dp good service in the cause; and other parts of the State, hitherto somewhat lukewarm, are also fully up to the mark. We congratulate the State upon this aus? picious result. The sohs of the soil have arisen. Thc indomitable spirit is aroused, mid tho omens are in our favor.1 Heaven will pnce'more smile upon a ohaste^.ed people. Only let us continue firm, and true, and just, and moderate, and we will redeem the State from alien rule, and bring back again to a shattered State an era of peaoe, prosperity and plenty. All over the country, from Main o to Texas, from Virginia to California, tho banners of the national Demo? cracy fly in the breeze, and invite all patriots to a generous effort. Let us in Carolina do our part, for to us the issues are vital. Last evening, tho Democracy of South Carolina, representing the tone, intelligence and material inte? rests of the State, assembled in con? vention. Their action will, we know, be characterized by wisdom, mode? ration and firmness. And when their labors shall have been com? pleted, the strong arms and tho stout hearts of the South Carolina Demo? cracy will bo ready to rally around tho flag of tho party; and with tho aid of our gallant friends of the North, we will conquer and live. THE FIRST GUN.-Kentucky, the first State voting since the Demo? cratic nominations of the 4th of July, ha3 spoken in a voice of thunder. Telegraphic despatches inform ns that tho conservativo ticket will sweop tho State by a majority a little under 100,000 votes. GEN. CANBY.-Wo give below tho last order which we shall have tho honor of publishing from the milita? ry commander of the "Second Mili? tary District:" HEADP'S 2D MILITARY DISTRICT, CHAKEESTON, S. C., Aug. 5, 1868. [General Orders No. 150.] In obedience to General Orders No. 1, from the Headquarters of the De? partment of the South, the under? signed hereby relinquishes the com? mand of the troops in the late 2d Military District. the officers of tho general staff on duty at tho Headquarters of that District will report to the Major General commanding the Depart? ment of tho South. In relinquishing this command, tho undersigned takes this.occasion to acknowledge tho zeal and fidelity with which the officers and men have performed tho dillie ult and delicate duties committed to thom, and to ex? press his thanks to Commanders of Posts and tho officers of the staff for their act i vc und zealous co-operation, and to all his warmest wishes for tb'ir welfare and happiness. ED. R. S. OA.NBY, Brevet Major-General U. S. A. Officiai: Louis V. CAZIABO, Aide de-camp, A. A. A. G. - Gov. Scott has received notice that $25,000 have been deposited to his credit in tho office of tho United States Treasurer, at Charleston, ns part of tho educational final. It will bo expended in building school houses, and will bo that muoh saved in taxation to tho people. It is intended to uso a portion of this sum at once to build a school house in Greenville. Doubtless other Dis? tricts will como in for thoir share. The cost of sohool houses that will accommodate from 100 to 800 pupils ranges from 8900 to $1,500. [Cliurleslon News. BRUTAL-.-Tho Louisville (Ken? tucky) Journal says an ex-Confederate soldior, known by tho name of Bill Rudd, was shot dead in Waverly, Missouri, recently, by a party of armed men, and his body hung upon a tree in tho woods by the perpetrat? ors. His mouth was stuffed fall of tow, and tho rope by which he was suspended was passed through his mouth and then around his nock. '<m**+~ ' .".iwwrv"?. w ...PA^.WT Democratic State Convention. ThiB body ftRsembled last evening, in Carolina Hall. Delegates wore present from uvery District in the State. On motion.,of Gen. Hampton, Hon. M. L. Bonham wrns called to act as temporary Chairman, and F. G. DeFontaine to aot os temporary Secretary. On taking tho Chair, Gen. Bonham said ho would not make a speech, but simply announce what he behoved all felt-that wo aro in tho midst of a tremendous revolution. Although this Convention had assem? bled at short notice, yet there was a goodly number present, and their deliberations would be looked for with interest. The result of this summer's campaign will, he trusted, be the election of .Seymour and Blair. Let ?s do our part. "Wo do not know that tho voto wo are pre? paring to give will be received; but when we have dono our port, we will have no cause to repent. Gen. Carlington offered tho follow? ing resolution; which was adopted: Resolved, That tho Central Execu? tive Committee, of the Democratic party of'-this State, aro cu tit led to scats m this Convention, and to par ticipsXiyu ?.its-deliberations. On ruction' of Joseph-D; Pope, the Districts-Were called, and'tho names of delegates enrolled, ni follows: Charleston^- G?n. ? Wogener, S. Y. Tapper, Jas. Connor,. C. H Simon? ton, J. M. Carson, J. M. Eason? J. M. li ul van ey, Jas; D. Aiken, John Hunch ell, W. A. Kelly, W. J. Gayer, John F. O'Neill, F. W. Dawson, W, A. Pringle, T. S. O'Brien, N. M, Porter. Orangeburg-B. W. Bates, J. F Izlar, W. F. Barton. Marlboro-Z. A. Drake, P. W Harmon. Clarendon--B. P. Barre, James F Kimmo, R. M. Thompson. Harry-H. Back, Z. Bullock. Pickens-W. C. Keith, W. Symme T. A; -Bogers. Abbeville-A. Bart, D. Wyat Aiken, J. S. Cothran, W. H. Tag gart. Marion-W. W. Harllee, S. A Durham, W. W. Libbey, R. F. Gra W. S. Mullins, F. A. Wiley, W. B Baker, David Leggett, B. B. Mc ham, Walter Gregg, W. J. McKerrall Whirtor. Kershaw-J. D. Kennedy, L. J Patterson, A. DeSaussure. Anderson-James A. Hoyt, E. L Parker. Greenville-W. H. Perry, E. S Irwin, J. A. Barker. Barnwell-E. J. C. Wood, J. T Aldrich, A. P. Aldrich, W. W. Smith J. M. Richardson, J. S. Small, J. M Williamson. Edgefield-M. L. Bonham, J. H Brooks, James A. Dozier, A. J. Nor ris, E. W. Perry, M. C. Butler. Sumter-T. B. Fraser, M. Re} nolds, F. R. Kennedy, A. A. Gilberl Spartunburg-G. Canuon, J. Il Evins, C. C. Turner, T. S. Farrow Jool Foster. Beaufort-A. M. Martin, Joh Lawton, J. C. D.avant, C. J. C. Hui son, W. J. Gooding. Richland-Gen. E. P. Alexaude: Gen. Wade Hampton, J. P. Thoma! F. W. McMaster, J. D. Pope, W. I Stanley, Wm. Stack, E. S. Perciva Dr. D. W. Ray, W. H. Talley, J. G Gibbes. Chester-E. C. MoLure, Jam? Pagan, J. B. Atkinson, Joseph W; lie. Williamsburg-W. L. Lee, Joh E. Scott, W. H. Cockfiold. Georgetown-R. J. Middleton, i S. Fraser, S. Sampson. Fairfield-W. R. Robertson, J. ? Withers, R. G. Lamar. York-\V. B. Metts, A. B. Spring J. S. Bratton, Irodell Jones, J. v Rawlinson. Beaufort-A. M. Martin, Jol Lawton, J. C. Davaut, C. J. C. Hu son, W. J. Gooding. Newberry-R. V. Gist, J. M. Ba ter, R. Moorman. Lexington-P. Quattlebaum, J. ] Huffman, D. \V. Hendrix. Colleton-F. G. Behro, W. S. Hi loy, F. W. Appleby, H. W. Rice. Laurens-B. \V. Ball, J. J. Dav J. F. Craig, J. P. Copeland. Darlington-A. C. Spain, McIntosh, Dr. J. Ervin Boyd, \ W. Mooro. Lancaster-J. B. Ervin, T. Cureton, H. J. Hickson. Chesterfield-A. M. Lohrey, McQueen. Union-G. D. Peake, Dr. W. Holmes, R. W. Shand. Berkeley-A. M. Venning. ; On motion, a Committee on Bu j ness and to nominate suitablo perse as permanent officers was appointe consisting of Messrs. F. W. McM ter, James Connor, A. P. Aldrh W. Perry, A. C. Garliugton, Gabi Cannon, C. C. MoLure, M. C. B 1er, A. C. Spain, W. R. Robertsc John D. Kennedy, R. Graham. The committee retired, and uh or afterwards reported as follows: For President-Hon. A. Burt. Vice-Presidents-A. P. Aldri Gen. W. W. Harllee, J. Wagon G. Cannon. Secretaries-J. G. Gibbes, Jar A. Hoyt, W. J. McKerrall, A. Davant. They also recommend that rules which governed the Ho ti KC Representatives in 18C6 be adop for the government of this body. On motion of Mr. Ball, a Come tee of Three was appointed to con? duct thc President to ths chair. Committee-Messrs. Ball, Simon ton and Thomas. On taking his seat, Colonel Burt addressed tho Convention as follows : He expressed his thanks for the distinguished honor which had been conferred on him, and said that it was the first time in the hiBtory of South Carolina, in which tho people had met in Convention to nominate electors for President and vice-Presi? dent of the United States; and the first time in eight long weary years in which they had met to assert tho highest patriotism which wo claim to be our own. The issues before the Convention were of the highest im? portance-they were issues of lifo and death, and every one should enter the contest with a firm determination to succeed. The State has been despoil? ed, and the sovereignty and liberty of the people destroyed; and we mus? restore the once noble and proud Carolina of the former days, and sweep out of power the present clast of people who presume to represent South Carolina. He thanked Goc that the hall of legislation which hac once been graced by Carolina's bes1 sons was in ruins, and not prostitu? cc by tho assemblage calling itself th? Legislature. Let ns resolve, con duded Mr. Burt, that the land a nc home of the Huguenots and Cavalier: shall never be ruled by the Puritan; and Africans. i On motion, a Committee on Beso huions was appointed, to whom al resolutions are to be referred withou debate. Committee: Messrs. J. P Thomas, A. C. Garlington, A. M Martin, A. P. Aldrich, A. B. Springe R. W. Shand, W. Cothran, W. S Perry, C. H. Simonton and Jame Conner. Resolutions relative to tho busines before tho Convention wero submit ted by Messrs. Spain, Bobertson Thomas, Garlington, Simontou Hampton, Popo and others. Col. Thomas submitted the follow iug preamble and resolutions: Whereas, tho Democracy of Soutl Carolina have assembled iu Conven tion to nominate electors for Pros: dent and vice-President of tb United States, and for other pul poses; be it, therefore, Resolved, That wo adopt tho deck ration of principles recently promu gated by the National Democrat] party in Convention assembled, an do further cordially endorso and rat fy tho nomination of Horatio Se^ raour and Francis Preston Blair, ft President and Vico-Presideut of til United States. Resolved, That whilst we ente beforo tho country and tho civilize world, au indignant protest again: tho unnatural, unreasonable an Godless regime that has beon estai lished in tho radical reconstructs of South Carolina; whilst wo di noonee tho present order of politici affairs as offensive alike to comme decency and common sense, and r pUgnant to tho civilization of tl day, wo, nevertheless, express tl earnest hopo that constitution agencies and peaceful instrumental ties may bring to us tho relief v seek and tho reforms wo demand. Resolved, That whilst wo affirm ai declare that the political control South Carolina belongs of right ai by inheritance to tho whito inhal tauts thereof, wo deem it proper add that wo hold this proposition I be not inconsistent with tho ju claims and rights of all classes of o people; and we do further declar that tho political settlement which i seek to consummate in South Car linn, recognizes the legitimate resu of the war, and finds its warrant truth, justice and tho Constitution. Resolved, That wo invite our fello citizens of the State, and all perso entitled to voto, to unite with t great DemonrAtio party of the cou try, in the grand effort now maki: to save the froo institutions of o fathers; to secure a genuine resto: tion of tho Union, and to put t Republic once more upon a career honor, poaco and prosperity. Resolved, That to Andrew Jo! sou, tho President of tho Unit States, wo tender the thanks of t old commonwealth of South Carolii for his manly vindication of 1 rights, honor and dignity, and tl our ^acknowledgments aro also d to all . those generous spirits of t North, both citizens, soldiers a sailors, who, amid tho storm of rai cal passion and prejudice, have raii their voice in behalf of our insult and ontraged section. A running debato ensued on c tain resolutions introducod, and to the Congressional Districts; win on motion of Joseph Daniel Po Esq., tho Convention took a rece and wont into a caucus. Abon o'clock, this morning, tho Conv tion resumed business, and, on n motion, adjourned to meet at o'clock A. M. -? ^ ? ? ESCAPED PROM J AIL.- On Moue night, George Saddlor, alias Geo: Brown, succeeded in making escapo from prison by drawing staples of the prison doon with round of a chair, the staples be merely driven in tho ceiling and : clinohed. After gettiug ont of coll, he then split his blankets leng wise, tied them together, and himself down from tho third storj the jail.- Winn8boro News. j MK. EDITOR: Honorable W. B. Nash seem* to be sorely exercised, as do other negroes, at the idea that he is a negro, despite all the white? washing that his mongrel friends can give him. It is no disgrace to a negro that God made him black, (and he never made one mn ch black? er than Nosh;) nor is it any disgrace to a negro that his Creator bat stamped npon his brow the ineradi? cable badge of inferiority to the white man, any more than it is t disgrace to the little garter snake, that it was created inferior to th? great anaconda of South America; 01 to the little house cat, that it wa. made inferior to the majestic lion; o: to the white man of mediocre capa oity, that God did not soo proper tc endow him with tho capacity of i Bacon, a Milton, or a Newton. "Order is Hoaven's first law, and, thi confessed, Somo aro, and must be, greater than th rest." Tho disgraceful part of the affair i that this African semi-barbarian feeling, as be does, his inferiority, ii point of intellect, to tho white man suffers himself to become inflate with the idea of his solf-importance which is engendered alone by th adventitious surroundings of hi present abnormal condition, assume to aspire to tho control of this vat country-the white man's inheri ance and possession-of which ht (the African,) is an inhabitant onl by sufferance, and whoso tenure c inhabitance is entirely depender upon tho circumspection and pri dence with which he conducts bin self while in possession of the ten porary greatness which has been, F unfortunately for him, thrust upc him. This is plain talk, Mr. E?ito but I am ono of those who belier that honesty is the only truo princ plo of action, and thnt, in the lor run, it is "the best policy." Belie iug in that saying of thc wise Kit of Israel: "Open rebnko is bett than secret love," I am satisfied tin I nm showing more true friendsh to thc negro, when I tell him tl plain, unadorned truth in roferen to the inevitable teudoucy of thing than I should show by sitting silent by, when I seo him rushing mad on to destruction, aud uttering r voice of warning in roference "the impending crisis." The plain truth is, that, the days tho mongrel party aro numbere Its bestial excesses have thorough disgusted all decent white m North, South, East and West. T Democracy bf tho country are bom to triumph in tho Presidential oh tiou. Of this the negro may rc assured, distasteful as tho idea m bo to him. With tho triumph of t Democracy comes the triumph law and order, and tho restorati of whito supremacy. No moro i rests, without warrant, of Americ citizens on their own native soil; moro trials by irresponsible niilit: commissions, of freo whito men, 1 "violations of the laws of hospitality no moro sweat-boxes to bo used tho purpose of extorting from ini cent viotims of tyranny a confessi of guilt in connection with assassi tions, of which they know nothing all; no more elevation, upon I points of Federal bayonets, of sotted, ignorant negroes above superior Caucasian race. All th appliances of despotic rule in a f country will bo swept out of ex euee, returned "Unwept, unhonored and unsung, To the vilo sourco from which t sprung." The government of these South commonwealths will bo again pla in tho keeping of the whito race, i the negro will be left to find proper position of inferiority, which he will as naturally sink, w outside pressure is removed, water, in accordance with God's of gravitation, seeks its level, w left untrammeled by external ir onces. When this takes place, the natural order of things is stored, the negroes will find their old masters will kuow hov deal generously by all who will s themselves worthy of generous tr mont. Bat a word or two more about individual negro, W. B. Nash. 1 was it that ho just happened U passing tho place whore young Si met his hard fato, and just at particular hour? It was, to say least, an unseasonable hour fe grave and revorond law-maker, hoad of a family, to bo perambuln tho stroets in that particular loci of our city. It was the hour of * twelve," when all good and virti husbands and parents aro presu to be at homo with their fami But Nosh had left his pistol at h that night. Thou this exampln public morality, who "claims to as deep an interest in I he ma nance of tho penco and good ord this community," as any one else is in the Jtabit of carrying a pistol, ii He happened to leave it at home time. There's a sweot scented for yon. Wonder if he'll vote the bill now pending, or about t introduced into the honorable 1 (Heaven $avo the mark) of whic is a conspicuous member, makii a penitentiary offence to carry coaled weapons? HALlFA r>wwM<toi?iiiuii j.u.?:ilj-ijL_i_j j?i", THU LEGISI.ATUnK. FBOCEEDIKGB OF TWENTY-EIGHTH SAY. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. COLUMBIA, August 6.-The Judi oiary Committee made a favorable report on the Senate bill to organize the Supreme Court; which was or? dered for consideration to-morrow. The Committee on the Lunatic Asylum made a report on the condi? tion of that institution, saying that it was found by tho committee to bo in perfect trim; that nil the patients were well treated and cared for, and that its financial condition was better than at any previous timo since the close of the war. The committee spoke in the highest terms of praise of the Superintendent, Dr. Parker, and recommended that the Governor be advised to retain his services. Tho Committee on Public Printing made a report, in reference to the duties and pay of the official steno? grapher, recommending that his com? pensation be fixed at ten dollars per diem. Laid on the table. A joint resolution, instructing the Speaker of the House and the Pre? sident of the Senate to extend an in? vitation to Gen. George C. Meade, Commander of this Military District, to visit thc Legislature whenever it might suit his convenience so to do, was passed. A resolution appointing a Com? mittee of Threo to audit all accounts of the House, was passed. Whipper gave notice of a bill to regulate the admission of persons to tho practice of law. Wilder presented the petition of sundry citizens of Columbia, pray? ing that a municipal election be or? dered; which was immediately laid on the table. A resolution was adopted, instruct? ing tho Committee ou Privileges aud Elections to inquire and report upon tho expediency of reducing tho num? ber of polling precincts in the State, and to confer with tho chairmen of the several delegations as to tho best method of doing this. O'Connell offered a resolution pro? viding that the University of South Carolina bo closed from January 1, 18G9, for ono year, and that tho fund to bo economized in this way, be ap? propriated to the repairs of the buildings. Laid ou the table. The Speaker announced Jenks, S. B. Thompson and William Simons as tho committee on tho part of the House, nuder the joint resolution, appointing a committee to inquire into and report upon tho cause of and circumstances attendant upon thc affray of Saturday night last. The report of tho Committee on Privileges and Elections was post? poned for consideration until Satur? day, tho loth iustaut, The bill authorizing the Governor to negotiate a loan of $125,000, was passed by a vote of 91 ayes to S nays. The Democrats all voting nay. The bill to define the jurisdiction and regulato tho practice of Probate Com to, was read and referred to tho Judiciary Committee. The bill to determine and perpe? tuate the homestead was taken up, and pending tho discussion of the first section, it was suspended and made the special order for to-morrow. The bill to incorporate the Citizens' Savings Bunk of South Carolina was taken np and made tho special order for Wednesday next, after which tho House adjourned. SENATE. Nothing important was done to? day, except the passage of the bill to establish tho State Constabulary force, and notice of n bill to repeal the Act creating the Bureau of Immi? gration. RADICAL FALSE PRETENCES.-The carpet-baggers have cajoled the ne? groes of tho South with the declara? tion that the late war was begun and prosecuted for their benefit. This is a falsehood easily to be refuted by official documents. Wo refer to the Acts and declarations of Congress of 1861, '62 and '63, relating to the war, in which it is declared that the object of tho war was only for the preserva? tion of the Union, and not for the subversion of any institution, or tho destruction of any principles, ?fcc. ; also, Mr. Lincoln's proclamation on tho samo subject in 1861 and 1862, and his proclamation offering am? nesty and tho restoration of all rights, issued at different times, in? cluding his proclamation of Septem? ber, 1862, soon after the battle of Antietam, foreshadowing emancipa? tion on tho 1st January, 1863, unless tho Southern people would loy down their arms, but offering amnesty and all rights and property to them should they accept tho terms of the proclamation. But that which stamps these hypo? critical falsehoods with the most emphasis, is tho historio fact, that upon tho advent of Mr. Lincoln to the Presidential office in 1861, he, at tho unanimous recommendation of tho Republican leadors, proposed, as a means of final adjustment of all sectional difficulties, the adoption of a constitutional amendment guaran? teeing the continuance forever of negro slavery in all the States in which ii then existed. - Washington Even. Express. The coffin containing the body of Mrs. Snrratt was recently opened by the members of the family, and the remains of the murdered lady were found to bo in a perfect state of pre? servation. Xjooal T.terris. Mr. Johnston's jury of inquest baa, tims far, failed to arrive at a decision in regard to the recent murder. From all accounts, the jury are what is termed '.hung," and likely to remain so. The verdict of the Walker jury has not yet been made public. Ho! FOR KIDGEWAY.-The accom? modation train for Ridgeway, to enable persons from Columbia to attend the grund gathering nt that point, will leave the Charlotte Depot, to-morrow morning, at half-past 6 o'clock. We hope the train will be filled._V ."?".,.., " ' Mr. Ro8weU T. Logan, who repre? sents the Charleston Mercury, paid us a visit, yesterday. Mr. Logan will furnish his paper with a full ac? count of matters and things in and around the capital. ? black oiled cloth carpet-bag (not the property of a carpet-bagger, however,) was lost, yesterday, on the Greenville cars. The name of the owner is on the different garments in the bag; and the finder will confer a favor by leaving it at this office, or forwarding it to Walhalla. INJUNCTION.-Coroner Walker was served, yesterday afternoon, with an injunction from the Attorney-Gen? eral, improvised by the Charleston Convention, Mr. Chamberlain, re? straining him from the exercise of his duties, and requiring his appear? ance before Judge Willard, this morning, at half-past 9 o'clock. Mr. Walker will be represented by Messrs. Ficklin g Sc Pope and Mr. James D. Tradewell. SERGEANT BATES' MARCH.-We have received from the Sergeant a copy of his pamphlet describing bis solitary journey from Vicksburg, Miss., to Washington City, D. C. It is very short, but, we suppose, is merely the forerunner of a moro extended work, prepared by Major Vaughn, of the Confederate army. Bates speaks doubtfully as to who burnt Columbia. While here, he expressed himself satisfied as to who was properly entitled to the credit of the job. Thc pamphlet is a very readable one-not exactly on a par with "Sterne's Sentimental Jour? ney." Copies can be obtained by addressing "Sergeant Bates, Intelli? gencer Office, Washington City." At the Mayor's Court, yesterday morning, the case of William W.- H. W. Gray, a representative irom the low country in the august assemblage now convened in our city, was up for consideration. He was indicted by Policeman Grinsted, for assault with a pistol, and intent to kill. Said assault having been made on Mr. Grinsted in the afiray on Satur? day night last. Wright, the negro Senator, appeared for the defendant, and Samuel W. Melton, Esq., City Attorney, for the plaintiff. The matter was turned over to Magistrate Walker; and the parties gave bond for their appearance at the fall term of tho Court of General Sessions, in October next. THE BALANCE OF POWER.-The North is alarmed lest the negro vote become a balance of power. Calcu? lating the black vote at 714,000, it is shown that this number would have changed the three last Presidential elections, and will, probably, if per? mitted, decide tho fonrth. MAIL ARRANGEMENTS.-The post office open during tho week from S}.? a. m. to 7 p. m. On Sundays, from .1 to 5 p. m. The Charleston-and Western "Inailfs aro opon for delivery at4}? p. m., and close at 8J.j p. m. Charleston night mail open 8^ a. m., close 4J? p. m. Northern-Open for delivery at 8)4 a. m., closes at 2.45 p. m. .Greenville-Open for delivery 5}? p. m., closes at 8>? P- m. NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.-Special at teution is called to tho following.ad? vertisements, ] mbli shod for the ii ist time this morning: R. B. Milla-Notice. Geo. Huggins-Fire Insurance. Next year, if all goes well, there will bo a second Atlantic cable, ma? ning, without a break anywhere, from Brest, tho extreme North-west point of Franco, directly to tho city of New York. This will considera? bly oheapen messages. The French Government has contracted for the completion of tho Brest and New York line by the beginning of Sep? tember, 1869.