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?M^-??D-?-----I I I Mir? COLUMBIA. -, Saturday Horning, July 13,1867. Progr?s* of Reform. Reform ia undoubtedly progress? ing in England, and Irish matters have of late received from Parliament some share of attention, even from the House of Lords. One of the ?buses in legislation for Ireland, and ?one we know to be among the chief sources of what is called ''disaffec? tion," "disloyalty," ?fcc, is the exces? sive wealth of the established church in that unfortunate country. There now seems to be a hope that this abuse will soon be remedied. Tho attacks against it, we perceive, are not merely by Roman Catholics, but by the Liberal party in Parliament, which is nearly perfectly unanimous in demanding a thorough investiga? tion of the grievance, with a view to reform. On the 24th ult., the House of Lords agreed to a motion made by Earl Russell; that an address be pre? sented to the Queen, praying for the appointment of a Royal Commission, which is to procure full and accurate information of the property and ie- j venue of tho Established Church in j Ireland. It is remarkable, too, that ono of the most interesting speeches j made on the occasion was that by the Irish Bishop of Down, who proposed a considerable reduction in the num? ber of arch-bishops, bishops and clergy of the Established Church of Ireland, and the consolidation of all the revenue of the Church into one common fund. This is an important indication of the necessity which is felt to make so-called "concessions"! to public opinion. The support of tho English Church in Ireland, imposed upon the poor people of all denominations in that country, was one of tho most unjust measures ever imposed on any peo? ple. The religion of that church is not the rebgion of tho native Irish, and to be compelled to support it by tho poor as well as tho rich of other denominations, was ut least one of tho crying evils which engendered hatred against the English Government. Consideration of the reform land bill was postponed because the pre? sent state of affairs in Ireland was regarded as unpropitious for the ex? tension of the franchise. As has boen said, if the Tories wait until Ireland is "loyal" bei'oro they attempt to le? gislate for the removal of tho griev? ances and disabilities under which the people labor, they may wait for? ever. And hero we may add for the benefit of our legislators in Washing? ton, that loyalty can only bo superin? duced by a liberal and beneficent legislation. We are gratified to seo that tho monstrous grievance of the Irish Church is now being denounced by the liberals all over England, and that, in the House, Gladstone, tho < great leader of that party, has de? nounced it as a monstrous injustice, disgraceful to England and to tho advanced civilization of tho nine- ' teenth century. As a New York journal says, with Bright and Glad? stone in the van, and tile masses in England encouraging them onward, the triumph of reform, both in Eng? land and Ireland, cannot long be de? layed. We say God-speed to the liberal party, for wo believe that, besides wringing from tho selfish policy that has so loug ruled Ireland a mensure of justice, it will benefit thc English people themselves. Should they bo successful in obtaining even o portion of tho equal rights and equal justice to which the Irish people aro enti? tled, it would do more for the sup? pression of disaffection and disloyalty than tho whole standing army of England could effect in Ireland in a century. Feuiunism and its kindred organizations would soon disappear from tho land. -?-?.-? There is a fever in New Orleans for fillibusteriug, and "On to Mexico" has become the popular cry in all cir? cles. On this question, between Con? federates and Federals, thoro seems to be a perfect unanimity of fooling, and, at tho anniversary dinner on the 4th, at the St. Charles Hotel, the sen? timent which evoked the most ap? plause was uttered by ex-Governor Weller, of California, and was, "On to the halls of the Mouteznmas." The cost of Russian America to us, taking the whole territory, is about threo ceuts an acre. A Wotab?e Registration Case. Mr. John Janney, of Virginia, who was President of the Convention whioh passed the Virginia Act. of Se? cession, and held, many offices before the late civil war, whioh rendered it i necessary for him to take the oath to support the Constitution of the United States, applied for registration, and was refused. Mr. Janney takes the ground that, under the ruling of the Supreme Court, all tho test oaths now required are unconstitutional, and, therefore, null and void. ! Mr. Janney is represented as a pro I found constitutional lawyer, and by I treating the penalties prescribed by Congress as invalid, he throws the I onus of rejection of his offer to re? gister upon the board of registration, and by -this means bring the matter up before a competent tribunal for final adjudication. But we caunot see what benefit will result from the test proposed by Mr. Janney, for it is beyond doubt that, according to the plain text of the reconstruction Acts, as well as by the legal opinion thereon written out by tho Attorney-General, ho is not qualified, from his antecedents, to register or vote. The registration law may bo abused in the bauds of those appointed to administer it, but we thiuk there is neither consistency or legal eminence displayed in making tests of points already decided, both by the law itself and tho legal officer of the Government, who is known to be opposed to the laws. If we could seo any good to como to the Southern people by throwing these unnecessary obstacles in the way of reconstruc? tion, we might" justify them; but wc have sceu nothing to support them but mere sentiment and appeals from once favorite but exploded po? litical theories, which, if persisted in and heeded by the Southern people, *vill drag them dowu further than they have already done in the road tc ruin. -p ? ?? ? ? PBOMPT ACTION.-The New Yorl Tribune, of the 11th, says: "It is melancholy that argument; such a3 those of ?Mr. Stevens aud Se nator Trumbull should still bo ueces sary in the American Congress-tha these gentlemen should have tin trouble of proving nguiu that tin United States, having put down tin rebellion of ten States, possesses tin right to re-organize their Govern meuts, and to hold them under mili tary rule until that re-orguuizntioi is effected. But while Mr. Brook can gravely cite his visit to the tomi of Washington as a reason why rebel should bo allowed to coutrol Virgi n?a, and pretend that the JLouisiau Treaty gives France the right, to in terfero with Congress; while Mi Wood can make his imaginations o what Gen. Jackson might have don a rule for what thc President shoal do-those arguments are probubl unavoidable. There are ignoran people, evou in Congress, who nco to bo instructed, and Mr. Trumbull speech admirably explains tho justic of the supplementary acts wbic Congress is about to pass. Yel enough has been said on that hem and we shall be glad to find the St nate prompt to perfect its bill an pass it. The only necessary subject of dobato are the provisions ol' til bill itself. General principles ha\ been absolutely settled, and the esp< cial business of Congress is to avoi thc errors of thc last session, and i framo a measure which cannot I misunderstood or evaded." ?-???-? Tiiou ART THE MAX.-Thu Xe York Atlas speaks out with gre; plainness as to the responsibility < the Secretary of State for the slang] ter of Maximilian, lt says: "Wc believo that Wm. H. Scwai wilfully and deliberately devott Maximilian to death, when ho migl have saved him by stretching out li finger; and for this heinous orina wo arraign him before tho tribunal public opinion, now and hereafter A QUIET CELEBRATION, VERY.-T Lancaster Ledger says: "Tho observance of the Fourth, 1 the whites, was celebrated, at tl place, by the reading of the Declai tion of Independence. At tho sn gestion of prominent citizens, a mei ing was convened at the court hod! at ll o'clock. Among tho mimi we noticed several of the disf ranchis class. On motion of Dr. Mittag, t Declaration was read by J. M. Be ty, Esq., after which the audiet quietly dispersed. -< ^ ? ? JUAREZ.-Juarez has, during 1 last year and a half, beeu culpable such ways as to furnish abundi ground to bring him to judgni< and execut'-?n, as soon as the la can be asserted; and if tho consti tional president, Ortega, whom now arbitrarily holds as a prison does not yot administer to bim 1 fate of Maximilian, it will probal bo because bo himself first falls'a yictini. Letter from Gen. Sickle?. Gen. Sickles has addressed the fol? lowing letter to the Hon. Lyman Trumbull, Chairman Judiciary Com? mittee, United States Senate: CHARLESTON, S. C., July 5, 1867. MY DEAR SIB: I have decided not to begin registration in this district until Congress determines who shall be registered. I trust, therefore, that it will be tho pleasure of Congress to extend the time for the completion of my registration, until-say, Ooto ber or November. If I proceed now, and disregard the wishes of the Pre? sident, my action would be regarded as insubordination; if I follow his intimations, many would probably be registered not eligible according to the true interpretation of the Acts of Congress. If it is meant that all who have held any oflice-Federal, State or j municipal-having taken au oath of office to support tho Constitution of tho United States, and afterwards engaged in rebellion, or given aid, comfort, ete., are disfranchised, this should be expressly declared; other-? wise, if left to construction, it may be held that no other officers are in? cluded than those classes enumerated in Article VI of tho Constitution, and that even as to these a full par? don removes tho disqualification. If it is meant to er elude lawyers, they should be expressly mentioned, or else described by some classifica? tion; as, for example, after the word "office," add "any licensed calling or employment or profession." Other? wise, if the eligibility of lawyers be left to construction, it may be held that a lawyer is not a public officer, although a functionary of a court or other judicial body. The truth is, we have now in ope? ration two distinct systems of recon? struction, originated by Congress, and engrafted upon tho President's plan of reconstruction. The first Congressional plan is expressed in the Howard constitutional amendment, leaving suffrage to be regulated by the several States, and imposing upon cer? tain classes of persons disqualification for office, as a punishment for rebellion and as a safe-guard for the future. That plan having been refused by the rebel States, Congress passed the reconstruction Acts, which form a second scheme of reconstruction, entirely distinct in principle aud plan from tho former. In the second plan, Congress assumes control of tho question of suffrage, which is ex? tended to all who can take a pre? scribed oath, and also enforces the disqualification for office, which would have been the penal and con? servative feature of the first plan. Now, it seems to mo that the true conservative guarantee against re? action is in the addition made to the loyal vote by tho enfranchisement of the colored people. That being done, the occasion for the disqualification clause ceases. Hence, the true solu? tion, I believe, is to declare, with universal suffrage, a general amnesty -naming the exceptions. A more liberal amnesty is, in my judgment, essential to the success of the Con? gressional plan of reconstruction. It will enlarge the range of popular choice for tho important judicial, executive and legislative departments of tho State Governments, otherwise inconveniently confined to classes very few of whom are lit to hold oflice. The people can surely bo entrusted to judge and select from those who took part in the rebellion, the men at once qualified and sincere in their adhesion to the new order of things. Such men, being eligible to office, will have motives to identify them? selves with reconstruction, and to support tho views of the majority. Now, moro than ever, men of ability and experience in public business are needed for the State governments in thc .South; aud it is truly unfortunate that at such a moment nearly all who know anything of public affairs, and especially those who could fill judi? cial stations, are disfranchised. This exposes the experiment of general suffrage to needless hazards. If the experiment fail, it is most likely to fail from tho inability of tho people to put in oflice those who could and would assure success. It would have been advantageous, perhaps, to have removed many disaffected persons, especially judges, sherill's and magis? trates, in the execution of tho sixth section of the Act of 'Jd March, if competent successors could have been found among those who aro eli? gible to oflice. And I would regard I tho possession now of a wider field of choice for civil officers, ns one of the j most effective instrumentalities in the execution of the military authority conferred upon District Command? ers. As it is, I find myself prevent? ed, as will tho peoplo by and by, from securing for tho public service men of aptitude and character, whose I repentance is as certain as the devo? tion of the most consistent loyalist. In truth, the zeal of somo of tho converts out-runs tho discretion of many of the faithful. With refer? ence to other practical suggest iou-j, it might be useful if Congress, by ono of its committees, interrogated tho commanding officers of tho several Districts upon thc operation of thc reconstruction Acts, and the further legislation required. Very respect? fully, D. E. SICKLES. A beloved pastor of a congregation out West, last year, received as re? muneration for his services 0150 from an Eastern missionary society, and from his affectionate flock a barrel of whiskey and a keg of varnish. "' ' "' **.* " - " ' Karly In the Field. The attention of the authorities ia called to the following extracts from an nrkiele published in the Cheraw (S. 0.) Advertiser,, of the 10th iust.: "We are informed by a colored free? man (not freedman) that Aaron Sweat, of Marlboro District, another colored freeman, (not freedman,) who has always enjoyed all the privileges of a white man, is a candidate for Con? gress in this Congressional District. That he has made several appoint? ments, at whioh be has been met by crowds of freedmen, to whom bebas made electioneering speeches. In theso speeches, he tells the freedmen that he gets his papers from tho "West, informing him that, iu that region, the radicals are butchering all tbe old secessionists, men, women and chil? dren, and argues that thc samo must bo done here, and that now is the time to doit. There are other nativo born, natural orators, of African do scent, who also address these meet? ings, using equally violent and incen? diary language. Ono of these, by the name of Prince, n brick-layer by trade, is also in the Held as a candi? date for the convention. ****** Some one, or more, has been sup? plying the negroes with arms, until almost every one eau show a Federal musket or rifle, with ammunition in abundance. These arms aro not merely sporting guns, but aro mus? kets and rifles, rightfully belonging to the United States arsenals. Whilst this was a military post, tho com I mandera claimed all such arms iu tho bauds of white mon as Government l property-demanded them as such, and seized them ns such, without re? gard to bow they came into tho pos? session of our citizens. Aro not the military commanders bound, and would they not readily discharge their obligations by disarming the negroes, upon complaint, and the i proof to sustain that complaint? Wo have no doubt of it. But should they fail in this important duty, tho white citizens have but one course to pur? sue, aud that is, to prepare, tho best way they eau, for self-defence. Tbe seeds of tho storm have been sown broad-cast over the laud, and, with? out the interruption of the law, either State or military, the harvest is not far off. TUE CONQUERERS OF MEXICO.-An nrticlo in tho New Orleans Crescent, speaking of the murder of Maxi? milian, says: "Tbe execution of Maximilian bas a doublo meaniug. It is an act of protest as well as of vengeance; the Indian's protest against civilization, tho Indian's vengeance against a Hapsburg for tho subjugation of bis ancestors, three centuries ngo, to the dominion of a Hapsburg. Some per? sona have been asking the moaning of this reference to the House of Haps? burg, aud we take the liberty to solve their doubt?. Charles V, of Spain, was the son of Philippe the Fair (son of Maximilian, Duke of Austria and Emperor of Germany,) and of Mary the Mad, daughter of Ferdinand tho Catholic, of Spain. Thus Charles V, of Spain, was on his father's side, n Hapsburg." This event was what se? cured him the preference of Francis I, of France, before the Diet. It was under Ferdinand tho Catholic that Columbus discovered America, and the conquest of Mexico took place under Charles V. Thus, a Hapsburg was tho first foreign ruler of Mexico, and on a Hapsburg-Maximilian, of Austria-the Mexicans avenged their couqr st." 1' .emarks of the Crescent on this subject are most happy, and show the immense influence which a thorough knowledge of history bas upon the philosophy of that greatest of all studies. <-??-? THE COXGAREE BRIDGE.-We copy the following notice of the nowbridgo of the South Carolina Railroad Com? pany, over tho Cougarec Uiver, from the Charleston Mercury: The bridge is a lino piece of work, and thc: staunchest bridge of tho kind in tho South. Its wholo length is-l b) foot, and it is composed of two spans of 140 feet, and a draw of 117 feet. Tin; width inside is thirteen feet six inches, and outside twenty feet. It is whai is known as a high "Howe .Truss," set upon black cypress piers, thirty feet abovo low water, and live feet abovo the height reached by the highest freshet that has been known. Tho builders are Messrs. Benno & Co., Mr. J. B. Lassallo .superintend? ing. There is no doubt that tho bridgo is ono of tho finest works of that de? scription in wood that has over been constructed; and Mr. H. T. Peake, tho ablo superintendent of tho road, the builders, the supervisor, and all persons engaged, aro congratulated upon tho energy, skill and perse? verance which have united to mako the Congaree Bridgo a groat and on tiro success. The Boston Advertiser says: In some of tho towns in Western Massa? chusetts a thriving business is carried on in the salo of "cabbage plants." Tbe customers are said to call at a very early hour in the morning. The most curious port of the transaction is that tho customers all bring jugs or bottles to get their cabbage plants in! Xjooal Xterna. No DESPATCHES.-Owing to tho in? terference of the lightning with the wires Inst evening, we are without onr usnal night despatches. CHOICE BEEF.-We have been re? quested to inform the public that the best beef whioh has been in this mar? ket since the Shermanization, can be found at Stall No. 3, this morning. IN LUCK.-We yesterr"vy received tho following pleasing no ie from Dr. M. M. Cohen, accompanied by a monster cabbogo and several rousing tomatoes: FRIEND SELBY: I trust you will not take this esculent offering as a per? sonal implication of propensities pe? culiar to tho tailoring (cabbaginy) business, (if evon you do indulge a free use of tho scissors,) nor ns an intended reflection on your obstiuaoy, [hard-head.) May its unfolding leaves provo lite? rally a type of tho opening of a new volume in your future life, and its dimensions a fore-ruuuer of tho cor? poreal development and mammoth expansion of both thc editor and tho Phonix. You extol elevon-inch tomatoes-I send you thirteen inches. Make good use of same. Some of the cabbage, leaves have been cut off beforo sending. Yours, very truly, MELVIN M. C. Thc Doctor will pleaso accept our cordial thanks for his substantial remembrance, and also for the kind wishes expressed; but our punning friend will have to "try, try again," in the tomato line, as Major W. H. Gibbes, about tho same time, favored us with a basket of tomatoes, one of which measured 13 j ? inches in cir? cumference and another 15-a green ono at that. The basket also con? tained two immense beets. With rcferenco to tho latter, we can only say, in tho language of another, "Neighbor, beat these beets." FOB HOUSE-KEEPERS.-We comply with thc request of a lady correspond? ent in publishing the following com? munication; whether or not her ideas aro feasible, eau only bo ascertained by actual trial: MESSRS. EDITORS: Through your medium, allow mo to make oue or two-suggestions to house-wives iu re? gard to servants. In our now, changed relations to our servants, we should chango our old manner ol dealing with them, and adopt thc plan of tho European and Northern ladies. To secure ourselves against imposition, and as a check upon the frequent changes weare compelled tc make, we should require the new ap? plicant to bring a certificate of good character and industry-in a fair chi? rography. Aud, to save our China, hold them accountable for the brokou and missing pieces-make them pa) or lose, according to the value; also, in regard to other articles. By thc adoptiou of these rules, much of oui difficulty would bo obviated, ami house-keepers saved much worry ant anxiety of mind. MENAGE. DILLON'S UNIVERSAL COTTON TIE The following letter, addressed to th? agents of the maker, at Savannah Ga., by thc manage** of tho Centra Cotton Press, who has used ove: 20,000, is sufficient evidence of th? estimation in which these Ties ari held there: OFFICE CEN TEAL COTTON PBESS, SAVANNAH, May 27, 1667. Mettra. F. W. Sims& Co., Agents fv Dillon's Universal Tie, Savannah. DEAR SIRS: In my business of com pressing cotton, I have had occasio; to examine closely all tho various Tie for iron bands used iu baling cotton and take pleasure in testifying to th superiority, over all others, of th Universal Tic. It is as easily adjusl cd, and is much stronger thau an other Tic. A Tie that is not good at tho pr?s is not good at thc plantation, o nearly all tho cotton is compressed r the ports, and a weak Tie must the bo replaced by a good one, at th expense of tho planter. I havo neve seen ono of your Ties break, thong I pitched a bale of cotton secured fi them out of a second story to th ground, without any break to tli fall. Under these circumstances, I Ul hesitatingly recommend theUniversi Tio to every planter, os combinin tho greatest simplicity with unequa led strength. S. W. WIGHT, Managor of tho Central Cotto Press Compnnj-, of Savannah. Messrs. J. & T. R. Agnew, of th: city, are agents for tho Universal Ti? Seo advertisement. SOPPOBT YOUB OWN JOURNALS. - Tho Gleaner, issued every Wednei day, from this office, defies compot tion as a literary and nows jourua Thoso who subscribo to it aro kot well i osted up in the current oven of thc day, as it embraces the tel graphic news, political, commercia state of the markets, &c, up to tl hour of going to press. m NEWSPAPER TRIALS AND TRIROT?A noNs.-Among other business enter? prises which axe suffering from the extraordinary pressure of the times it the South, is that of publishing newspapers. Our exchanges bear witness to this almost every day. Among the best which have been lately compelled to suspend, we note the Knoxville Commercial, a new en? terprise commenced since the war; the Natchez Courier suspended on the 1st inst., and its editor says, that although for thirty years it has been welcomed by its readers, yet it can? not live without the business encou? ragement it always received until these terrible times came on; and a Nashville daily has followed suit; also, the South Carolinian, of this city. The "Richmond Times and Dispatch, two good papers, were lately Consoli Inted, the Times losing its identity. Two other Bichmond papers-the Enquirer and Examiner-have been merged. These are only instances which have come under our observa? tion of the misfortunes of daily jour? nals, while the stoppage or suspen? sion of weekly journals are too numerous to chronicle. lu other instances, we notice a cur? tailment of the dimensious of some 3f the leading daily papers of the country. Aside from the money pressure of tho times, many of tho failures of newspapers might doubt? less be traced to mismaungement and ncompetency. And an enterprise of this kind goes down, when another, ?vho thinks himself more competent, sets up a new machine, and puts it in motion, at the expense, perhaps, of some friends, staking his ability and jxperienco against fae capital fur? nished as a full equivalent. The ma? chine thus oiled runs smoothly for a mort time, but the supply not being replenished, it soon comes to a halt. Even in ordinary times of usual busi? ness prosperity, to embark in the newspaper business was hazardous, md in proof of this we give a list of newspopcr enterprises started in this sity which, from various causes, were compelled to stop publication : Telescope, (S. Johnston,) weekly. Commercial Advertiser, (I. C. Mor? gan,) daily. Chronicle, (E. H. Britton,) weekly. TelegrapJi, (DeLeon ? Carlisle.) .laily. States Rights Republican, (Dr. R. W. Gibbes,) daily-merged ?uto Daibj SoutJi Carolinian. Palmetto Slate Banner, (Dr. R. W. Gibbes,) weekly. Carolina Times, (E. H. Britton,) laily. Temperance Advoculc, weekly. New Era, (Degn?erelly A- Curtis,) tveekly. Southern Agriculturalist, (A. G. Summer,) monthly. Southam Light, (Broughton & Co..) laily. Transcript, (A. A. Haight,) daily. Family Friend, (S. A. Godniau.) weekly. Courant, (Walker Sc Co.,) weekly. Farmer and Plantel-, (R. M. Stokes.) monthly. Bulletin, (Britton Sc Co.,) daily. Whitaker B Magazine, (D. K. Whit iker,) monthly. Examiner, (W. B. Johnston.) weekly. Confederate Baptist, (Durham ? Mason,) weekly. Southern Lutfieran, weekly. Southern Guardian, (C. P. Pelham.) laily. Rural Southerner, (R. M. Stokes,) weekly. American Patriot, (J. E. Britton,) laily. Portfolio, (F. G. DeFoutaiue.) weekly. South Carolinian, (F. G. DeFou taine,) daily. We have no interest iu saying that tho successful publication of a news? paper depends on moro contingencies iban almost any other business that iither a capitalist or an intelligent nan could embark in. POST OFFICE HOCUS.-The office is >pon from 8 a. m. until 3'.. p. m., md from G until 7 p. m. Tho North? um mail closes at '?}.? p. m., aud al! >thor mails closo at 8 p. m. Jo? FIUNTIXG.-The Job Office of he Phamix is as complete as any in ho South. It is furnished with new onts of typo of all descriptions and 1 tho moat modern styles. All work xccuted promptly, with taste and kill, and at reasonable rates. NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.-Attention is call d to tho following advertisements, which ro published this morning for the first [rae: J. A T. R. Agnew-Cotton Tio, Ac. W. T. Walter-Auction. E. ) '. Stokos-Attornoy at Law, Ac. A fino lot of Desirable Goods have Just een opened by Mr. R. C. Shiver, who still dhoros to his popular principle of good rticlos for little money. Read his adver Lsemcnt, and then examine the goods.