University of South Carolina Libraries
COLUMBIA Wednesday Morning, April 3,1867. Education at the Suiitli. It appears that the trustees of the Peabody^fund for Southern educa? tion, at their reoont session in Now York, agreed to devote the fund so generously donated chiefly to tho promotion of primary or common school education in the South. Tho Baltimore Sun, in noticing tho mat? ter, says that they acted wisoly, and very judiciously says that, while in? stitutions for tho higher branches of education, as colleges and universi? ties, aro always to bo aimed at, and in ?ho ond oro indispensable, it is yot of the first consequence that they do not ongago too largo attention in fashioning a scheme of popular edu? cation, which must first found itself in the primary sohools. In the South, as the Sun says, and as wo havo frequently said in the PTianxix, thore has, perhaps, been error in this respect. The conse? quence is, that oollege graduates are said to havo been sometimes found (which we know to be a fact) who were unable to write grammatically in the English language, and were very indifferently acquainted with orthography. A mero smattering of the classics'is a very poor substitute for elementary education. Upon a thorough ground-work, it is an easy task to build a superstructure of classic lore; bat if attention is f rat paid to tho branches properly per? taining to a collegiate education, it is very difficult work to go back to ele? ments and principles. Tho following extract from tho comments of tho Sun expresses what will bo felt to bo tho truth in many communities of the South : "Education in tho South has here? tofore been confined, for tho most part, to tho wealthier classes, whose advantages euabled them to attain n higher intellectual culture than was usual at the North, whore iuformation is moro evenly distributed than in any other country in tho world. It is Well, therefore, that tho largo fund which tho liberality nud patriotism of Mr. Peabody has furnished tho South should bo appropriated mainly for purposes of primary instruction, and tho preparation of teachers for tho great work to be accomplished in all tho Southern States. Perhaps no moro practical or judicious appli? cation of tho money could havo been suggested than that resolved upon by the trustees. It is a work bf great delicacy and responsibility, however, which they undertake, and it depends much upon the circumstances with which they may find themselves sur? rounded iii tho future. They should find every sympathy and encourage? ment in the South itself in their la? bors, in order that all classes may be effectively reached." We hope tho few trustees from the Southern States will soe that tho fund is npplicd'according to the judicious views of the board. What we waut is a gcneialpractical education among our people, that may fit the youth of thc South for tho moro active duties they have to discharge in all tho de? partments of business, trade, me? chanics and manufacturing, under thc new ordor of things in this sec? tion. We want teachers, too, taught among us, and of us, who can fully appreciate our wants in educational services; who will leave politics out? side of tlie school-room doors, and try to instruct their pupils-bo they white or black-in those branchos which may qualify them for their re? spective positions in society and fu? ture pursuits in life. -< ? ? ? INJUNCTION-IMPORTANT.-Hie Bal? timore Sioi understands that applica? tion will shortly be made to tho United Suites Supreme Court, in tho names of the States of Mississippi and Alabama, and such other States ns may become parties to tho cause, to enjoin all proceedings to subject tho people of those States to military mlo under tho recent Act of Con? gress, because it will inflict irrepara? ble injury on said people, and for other reasons. Tho case will bo con? ducted, it is said, by Judgo Sharkey, of Mississippi, and Charles O'Con? nor, Esq., of New York. The Jack? son Mississippian says that Governor Humphreys has given tho requisito authority on tho part of tho Stato of Mississippi. Tho court met on Mon? day, 1st instant. -?-???.? MAXIMILIAN.-licliablo information has been received ul Washington, that Maximilian only waits in Mexico to make tho best pecuniary arrange? ments that ho can, aud that ho will certainly lcavo tho country beforo tho 1st of July. Insurance CompanUl. Some of the Northern insurance companies have exhibited, recently, a most narrow-minded polioy in rela? tion to merchants and other businoss men of the Jewish faith. We are glad to see that a largo meeting has been held at Richmond, composed principally of Hobrews, at which tho agents of gomo insurance companies attended. Tho me eting was to ox press thoir just feelings of indigna? tion, and to denounce and protes' against the recent action Of several Northern insurance companies) in ' structing their agents to take no more "Jewish risks." The Examiner says that the Synogogue was crowded at an early hour, and those present were the most respectable of that class of our fellow-citizens known as Jews all of them old merchants and busi? ness men of Richmond-and a large number of other prominent citizens. Tho. meeting was called to order by nominating Gustavus A. Meyers, Esq., as Chairman, and Qen. Moore as Secretary. Resolutions were adopted condemning the action oi the iE tn a Insurance Company, ol Hartford, tho Manhattan, the Hano? ver, tho Niagara and tho Republio, of New York. We commond these proscriptive companies, to the atten? tion of those who may desire to in? sure, as rather too punctual for gene? ral patronage. A R?en INCIDENT.-A convention of North Carolina "loyalists" and colored people recently met in Ra leigh. During tho proceedings, r rich incident occurred, which wai communicated to ns by a promineni gentleman from this State, who wai present on the occasion, and whicl wo seo noticed in tho Raleigh Sentinel It seems that tho clerk of tho con vention had inserted tho term "co lorcd" on his roll, opposite the name; of tho colored members. On th? roll being called at tho session re ferred to, Mr. Col. Rev. James Sin clair, better known as the "lightinj parson," arose, and moved that tli term colored be expunged, as no respectful to the colored delegation James H. Harris, au intelligent au respected colored man, arose, an said ho did not see any good reaso for tho proposition. The record wu literally true. God had made thei colored men, and he was not ashame of anything that God had done. ? was not ashamed of his color, and li hoped tho gontleman from Robeso waa not ashamed of his! The "figh ing parson" caved iu. -< ? ? ? THE SOUTHESK OPINION.- The fo lowing committees have been nj pointed to award the prizes ?ftere by Mr. II. Rives Pollard's new joni nal-tho Southern Opinion-for tl best poems on the several sabjec indicated: Poem on tho Confederate Dead Hollywood Memorial Association. Poems in Laudation of tho Deed Valor, Suft'orings and Sacrifices tho Confederate Soldiers-Gen. Bra ley T. Johnson, Gen. John D. Imb den, Col. Marmaduke Johnson, Mi Isaac H. Carrington, Maj. Jol Johns. Poem on the Great Prisoner Fortress Monroe, Jefferson Davis P. H. Aylett, Esq., Hon. Robe Ould, Rev. J. Lansing Burrov Judge W. W. Crump, Prof. Charl H. Winston. Tho awards will bo publicly a nouneed as soon ns decided by t committees. -? ? ? ? Another unsuccessful nttcmpt v made, on Monday, by tho frccdm in Charleston, to ride in the str< cars; but it was frustrated by t military and police, and several tho would-be "riders" wero nrrcsl and caged. Tho ears were af terwai brick-batted by indignant sym] thizers, when further arrests wi made-and tho affair ended. -< # ? > GitEAT REDUCTION.-The line steamers between Charleston r New York for which Messrs. Eave & Co. are tho agents, have rodin their rates of cabin passago to $ Tho low price now charged for passago will induce many to talc Northern voyage. -? ^ ? i RODIJEKY.-The Winnsboro AT says: "On Sunday afternoon, while family was at church, the store r dwelling of Mr. John D. McCni was forced open by ono Janies Ki (so-called,) who had been clerking some weeks for tho proprietor. S King took what gold and silvor c were in tho store, and somo valun jewelry from the trunk of Mrs. I Carly. King was afterwards rested." TfSBf, Cotton vs. Corn. Srorry^PorNT,- ABBEVIL.EE DISTRICT, April 2, 1867. MESSRS. EDITORS: Your advice to the planters of this State to grow corn instead of cotton is doubtless given with a patriotic desire to bene? fit tho South, and not, "with malice aforethought," to injure tho North. Actuated by tho same feeling, I ven? ture to question the wisdom of your counsel. . You are opposed to build? ing up Lowell nt the expenso of tho South. So am I; nor do I construe that feeling as revenge which prompts me to withhold both friendship and patronage from those Northern clans who are represented in tho councils of the nation by such mon as Butler, Stovens, Sumner, et id omnc genus. These men must be tho exponents of tho political sentiment of their con? stituencies, and should they and their people bo the only sufferers by our adhering trictly to your proposed policy, I would bo foremost amongst planters to advocate it. But behov? ing honestly that a different course would advantage the planter moro, I must ask leave "to enter a plea or domurrer." The prime duty of the Southern planter is to lend his entire energy to thc cultivation of those crops that to him will be most remunerative. When, in 1861, that great ground? swell of patriotism swept over tho South, constraining irresistibly every planter to cultivate that, and that only, which fed the rank and filo of our armies, cotton planting wrs abandoned by common consent. During tho next four years, when our ports were blockaded, every avenue of legitimate intercourse with the outside world closed, and tho vortex of patriotism had become as calm ns a hike, mutterings "for the flesh-pots of Egypt" bogan to be heard, and tho cotton planting mania revived, which could only be restrained by legislation. Daws extremely oppres? sive and odious were enacted, exe? cuted and obeyed; tithes were im? pressed, and, in many instances, "alls" were taken, and cotton plant? ing was proscribed. In all these laws, the Southern people acquiesced os war measures, and many planters, prompted by an excess of patriotism, not only enlarged their corn area, but abo their plmting area, believing that they could as easily cultivate eighteen acres of corn to the hand ns they could eight of cotton and eight of corn. Experience, however, proved this a delusion, and tho increased area resulted in a decreased crop. Nol only so, but during tho war our ave? rage yield of small grain had greatly depreciated, from lack of that invalu? able domestic manure-cotton seed and our lands were becoming nnnu ally more impoverished from tin rough, careless culture we-usually-1 may say, invariably-give the con crop; and when the war closed, bu few planters had enough cotton oi hand to furnish the capital witl which to recuperate their lost for tunes. . Such, during tho war, wa? the result of that very ruinous policy which you are now "blazing out" fo: the planter, during a civil but disas trous revolution. "Without discussing thc politico economical question, as to whethe an excess of imports or exports en riches a nation, or whether cottoi planting impoverishes tho Soutl simply because it adds/ wealth to th already powerful North, and assum ing that aggregated individual wealtl is the wealth of the State, I think i can be proven, by a process of ron soniug as comprehensible to th humblest as it is irrefutable by th wisest of your readers, that it is t tho interest of every South Carolin planter to pitch the gloater part c his crop this year for cotton, and, i some instances, to plant no corn r all. Abbeville is one of tho largest an most productive Districts in th State. Tho average yield of see cotton here per aero is about 4E pounds, which will yield 150 pouuc of lint cotton and twelve bushels < seed. Tho average yield of corn about twelve and a half bushels pi acre-tho same aero producing t\\ bushels of peas and 150 pounds < fodder. The value, then, to tl planter, and hence to the Distri and State, of these respective acre may bo computed thus: 160 11>H. of lint cotton, at20c...$30 00 12 bushels of cotton seed, at 25c..>. 3 00 Gross proceeds from an aero in cotton.-$33 12* bushels of corn, at il.50.. 18 75 2 bushels of pens, at il.50_ 3 00 150 lbs. Of fodder, at $1. 1 50 Gress proceeds from an acre in corn.$23 Excess in favor of acre in cotton.. $9 Cotton has not yet fallen to twen cents per pound, and, I hopo, nev will. Corn can now be bought Baltimoro and delivered in Abbevil District for less than 81.50 p bushel, and had tho South last ye mado her usual corn crop, corn won now bo a dreg on tho market, at : per bushel. It may bo urged that it requii moro labor io cultivate na ac of cotton than ono of corn. N so. Tho labor that will produ twelve and a half bushels of co will produce 450 pounds of cotto and oftener than otherwise will pi duco 500 pounds. Experienco h taught that a hand who will cultivo twelve acres will do so with mo ease- by planting eight acres in cotton and fonr in corn, than by putting it all in com or all in cotton. And if BO, the planter, with a crop of two-? thirds cotton and one-third corn, will realize more net money from his crop than by planting all in corn. Did space allow, I think I could prove that corn was tho least remu? nerative crop a South Carolina planter can cultivate. Corn cannotbe shipped to exchange for such family supplies as wo do not and cannot grow; corn will not pay off froedmon for labor; corn suffers more from drought than any crop wo plant, and corn exhausts the land more than cotton and as much as auy of tho other grains. All these are facts that can be proven but I have said enough already. Vory respectfully, D. WYATT AIKEN. MESSRS. EDITORS: After the lapse of fourteen years, I paid a short visit, last week, to the Federal capital, and was much strnck with the largo num? ber'of buildings that have lately been erected. The area of tho city has boon greatly extended; many of tho public buildings enlarged, new ones built, and it is now quite a large and flourishing city. The patronage of tho Government has been so much increased by the late war that an army of officors, clerks, office-seekers and hangers-on infest the place; and it seems to mo a mere casual observer can seo that we are fast drifting into a vast centralizing Government, of which the executive and judicial de? partments are mere appendages almost without meaning, certainly without power; and the sovereign States who formed this General Go? vernment, with limited powers, aro overshadowed and completely ignored. President Johnson is completely pow? erless; ho has shown no political sa? gacity; his cabinet officors have been opposed to him, and ho either did not discover it, or would not take tho re? sponsibility to remove them. * * * * * Time changes all things, and we must chango with them. It is useless to speculate now on tho past. We can easily see our errors, but this does not help us out of oui present troubles. The great secret ol success in governing is, to deal with men and things ns wo find them, not as they ought to be. Often, we may have justice on our side-at least wc sincerely believe so; our opponents do not-perhaps, will not seo U3 wc do, aud we must give them credit foi a little honesty and sincerity; ideas ol truth and justice, wo must remeni ber, are not tho same tho world over. Look at the diversity of opiuioneverj as to what we conceive tho very plain est points in the Bible. There arc very few, if any, universal truths, and wo must lay aside that Puritanical spirit, of which wo have had au aban dance for tho last forty years, am cease to believe that we are the oubj true saints, and consequently sob interpreters of all law, both humai and Divine. Congress awaits in expectancy thc actiou we will take on the rcconstruc tion bill; if we can make them believ< wo aro heartily sick of agitation, ant accept tho issue in good faith, agita tion will cease, the radical party di? out, ov divide, for thoy can't livi without food. We should establish] friendly feeling, and show tho coloree people that our interests are ideuti cal-that we are in earnest in ou professions of Tgood will; they wil then unite with us, and we may b preserved from extreme men nn< measures. This result is not oui desirable, but absolutely necessary, i we expect to have any place in poli tics, any security in our property, o any protection in our persons. W must come up to the mighty issu before us, and look at it calmly in th face. Our destiny is yet, to a grce extent, in our own hands; tho rc sponsibility is great-it is fearful Our position is that of conquere provinces, and as such wo must sui mit to the conqueror-humiliatin though it be. Bravo, virtuous poop] have been compelled to submit t terms far worse, and it is in tho powc of our opponents to degrade us ye more; and need I say wo aro powe: less to resist. The world is again; us, as it was during tho war; all estai lished Governments aro opposed t cliangt?, and the Governments c Europe caro not what terms aro in posed upon tis. Read what Gen. Longstreet says o this point, [published a few days ago and [ am credibly informed Gener Lee and General Johnston take tl same position; and I think Gener Hampton will, if he does not airead; occupy that ground. Wo may re assured everything depends upon tl manner . 1 spirit with which v meet thc n?j>v order of things. Ol newspapers have generally been vei injudicious in their whoiesalo abm of men and measures. Tho time an place were alike inopportune. Whi it gratified, perhaps, tho tastes an feelings of tho South, it only increase the bitterness of our opponents, an ensured tho passage of the mostrad cal measures. Tho tone of the pres ns a general thing, is a good indie; tion of tho feelings of Ibo peopl and this wholesale abuse, togetlu with tho inefficiency of tho civil ai thorities, in many localities, to pr serve order, has, you can plainly se increased the majorities against u A few months ago, it was difficult I pass an Act over tho veto of the Pr sider.t, find row tho most obnoxious I mensures pnss, not by two-thirds, but three-fourths majority. Wo must chungo our entire policy, and estab? lish in earnest the legal equality of the freedmen. Lot us show tho North that we aro done with slavery forever; that wo desire to seo tho negroes educated, elovatcd and prosperous; maintain a dignified silenco in regard to their leading men; pat down lawlessness and violonco in every district; make a platform upon which tho whites and intelligent freedmen can stand, and wo will .succeed yet in forming a Government under which we all con live. Otherwise, wo moy bo finally blotted out as States, disfranchised as citizens, and rendered penniless beg fjars. God grant that our peoplo may ook at these things as they really are, and act accordingly. "Bo yo wise as serpents, but harmless as doves." ONE OF THE PEOPLE. How TIMES CHANGE.-The Louis? ville Journal comes to hand with the names of tho nominees of tho Demo? cratic Convention of that State Hying at its mast head, and with a slashing leader against tho Louisville Demo? crat, the old organ of tho party, for refusing to support tho ticket. Tho Journal concludes: The present is no time for divisions and criminations and recriminations among those who would save tho country, and we think that this fact was fully recognized by tho Frank? fort Convention. H ever there was a time when if, was the solemn duty of Kentucky to present for the country's sake and her own a bold and united front against the destroyers, such a time is this. Tho London Pall Mall Gazette, of the 13th ultimo, has tho following paragraph at the head of its occa? sional notes: "Wo regret to say we have reason to believe that some recent overtures of Sir Frederick Bruce, iu behalf of his Government, in the matter of ar? bitration in the Alabama claims, have not been received in a conciliatory spirit by Mr. Seward. We do not understand that tho Otter of tho Bri? tish representative has been directly refused, but that, at two interviews, thc .subject has been evaded." A. G. Brown, of Mississippi, is out in a letter urging tho Mississippians to accept the reconstruction bill, as tho conquerors have the right to legislate for tho conquered, and the latter have no rights which the for? mer aro bound to respect. The house carpenters and join on of New York have notified employ? ers of their intention to demand four dollars a day, on and after tho 1st of April. A New York paper states that Gen. Banks will accompany the party now organizing in that city to visit the Holy Land. Connecticut politics make strange bed-fellows. Tue Irish there all go for English. ICE ! ICE ! THE len House is now opon and ready to deliver ICE to town and country cus? tomers. J. D. BATEMAN, Washington street, East of Main. ? April 8_; Richland Lodge No. 39, A. P. M. A regular communication of tliis 'Lodge will be held THIS (Wednes? day) EVENING, 3d instant, at 3 o'clock, at Odd Fellows' Hall. Hy order of tho W. Hi April 3 1_lt. TOZER, Secretary. STATE BILLS TAKEN AT PAR For Goods at Retail ! GREGG & CO., Cor. Richardson and Taylor streets. April 3_6_ NOTICE THREE months from this dato, applica? tion will bo made to tho proper au? thorities for a renowal of STOCK GERTI PICATE No. 1,841, for 2G shares of Charlotto and S. C. Railroad stock, in the name of Wm. Shioll, Executor; the origi? nal having boen lost or destroyed. April 3 wtoio WM. SHI lil.-L, ExV.__ Notice is Hereby Given, rpiIIAT threo months after date, applica _I_ tion will be made to the City Council of Columbia, for renewal of SIX PER CENT. ROND NO. 293, of tho city of Columbia, issued April 1, 18.>1, and payable 18G5, which was lost during the passage of tho United States troops through this State, in February, 18tij. ' C. MICKLE lt. April S mo3* City of Columbia Bonds. MAYOR'S OFFICE, ArniL 1, 18IV7. 33ARTIES holding BONDS and CO? . l'ONS of tho city of Columbia, aro respectfully notified that the City Clerk is now prepared to issuo NEW RONDS for such us uro past duo, and to fund tho in? terest duo to tho first of July, 18C7, upon all -tho bonds issued by tho city, by tho issuo of now bonds, according to tho Act of tho L?gislature, passed in Dccen-.Ver last. Bonds of the denomination of 1 ivo Hundred, Two Hundred and Fifty and Ono Hundred Dollars will only bo issued. Claimants aro requested to apply at tho City Clerk's OOieo with as little delav as possible. THEO. STARK, Mayor. April 8_12 N? TIGE. THE number of gentlemen who have extolled the quality of tho celebrated "STAR" WHISKEY, has induced tho sub? scriber to duplicate his supply: and ho now bogs to inform them that nc has inst received several barrels of tho same, which will be fm'iiished in quantities of a quart and upwards, at REDUCED FIGURES. MELVIN M. COHE^, Assembly street, West sido, Ono door from Pendleton st.. et. ?f?y- Slate Monet/ Taken at Par. -i?? April 3 wf2 Xjsooal Items. CONUNDRUM.-Why is tho Phoenix, likewise the Gleaner, liko a wifo? Because every man should have one of his own, and not borrow his neighbor's. Wo stolo this "local." TUE RELIEF COMMITTEE.-lu the card of tbnnks from Rov. Wm. Mar? tin, published on Sunday last, in the tho Phoenix, tho name of Dr. M. La Borde was omitted. Rev. J. J. O'Connell has also been invited to attend the mcotings. JOB PniNTiNo.-Tho Job Office of tho Phoenix is as complete as any in tho South. It is furnished with new fonts of typo of all descriptions and of the most modern stylos. All work executed promptly, with taste and skill, and at reasonable rates. PERSONAL.-We received a brief visit, last night, from Mr. Thad. E. Sumner, of tho Bufihlo (New York) Courier, who is on a tour of observa? tion through tho South. Mr. S. ex? presses himself highly pleased at the kind reception ho has mot with throughout tho South, and will doubt? less publish statements relative to matters and things in this section which may bo tho means of upsetting tho misrepresentations of sonio cor? respondents. CIRCULARS! CIRCULARS!-Commer? cial and other circulars, in the various forms-note, letter and commercial post-neatly printed in our Job Office, and all work of this descrip? tion finished in the best style of print? ing, and at moderato prices. NEWSPAPERS ON FILE.-Wo would respectfully inform renders and the general public, that newspapers on file in tho Phcenix office aro fo: .efer ence ouly, and they must not be car? ried off, under any circumstanees. As this is a matter of importance, we hopo it will bc borne in mind. Wo learn that P. S. Jacobs, Esq.. tho Assistant Assessor for the Inter? nal Revenue at Hamburg,, seized, last Thursday, four whole and four half barrels corn whiskey, brought through that placo from the upper part of the State-no tax having been paid for the article. For the information of tho public, we extract from paragraph 134, of the Revenue Daws, tho following: "All distillod spirits removed, and all distilled spirits found elsewhere than in a bonded warehouse, not hav? ing been removed from such ware? house according to law, and the tax imposed by law on tho same not hav? ing been paid, shall bo forfeited to tho United States," Arc. CARDS! CARDS!-Show cards, busi? ness cards, visiting and wedding cards, executed at the Phoenix Job Office, in tho neatest styles of the art. Cards of all sizes constantly on hand, and all orders from town or country promptly attended to. CIOAR BOXES.-Many business men in the community may subject them? selves to a heavy penalty by their ignorant violation of tho thirty-se? cond section pf tho revenue law, passed at tho close of tho thirty ninth Congress. It is stated, for the information of all concerned, that thc section in question enacts: "That any person who shall sell, give away or otherwise disposo of any empty cigar box or boxes which have been stamped, without first defacing or destroying such stamp, shall, on conviction of either offence, be liable to a penalty of ono hundred dollars, or to imprisonment not exceeding sixty days, or both, in tho discretion of tho court, with tho costs of the trial; and it shall be lawful for any cigar inspector or rovenno officer to <v stroy any empty cigar box upon which a cigar stamp shall bo found." Snow POSTERS, HANDBILLS, AC Our supply of typo and facilities ol' press-work enable us to turn out froni tho Phonix office the most attractive styles of posters, hand-bills, Ac, at short notice, and in the most satis? factory manner. NEW AovKr.TiHKMr.ST.s.-Attention is call? ed to tho following advertisements, which aro published this morning for the first limo: Melvin M. Cohen-"Star" Whiskey. Orcgg A Co.-Stato Money at Par". C. H. baldwin A Co.-Bacon, Lard, Ac. C. Mickler-Lost Certificate of Stock. John I). Bateman- Ice. Begular Meeting Richland Lodge. Theo. Stark-City of Columbia Bonds. Wm. Shiell-Lost Stock Certificate. NOT ICE . 12.000 SSbl- ". * c-11 2,(UK) lbs. prime SHOULDERS. 10 tierces S. Davis, jr., A Co.'a PURL' LEAF LARD. :t tierces H. Davis, jr., A Co.'s DIAMONL HAMS-best Ham. 2 tiorces S. C. HAMS. With other STA 1 LE GOODS, received to-dav and for sal-j by C. H. BALDWIN A CO. April 3