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COLUMBIA. Tuesday Morning, January 18,1866. Th* Military- In the South. In the House of Representatives, at Washington, last week, a resolution was introduced to the following effect: "That in order to the maintenance of tho national authority and the pro? tection of loyal citizens of the seceded States, it is the sense of the House that the military forces of the Govern? ment should not be withdrawn from those States until the two houses of Congress shall have ascertained and declared their further presence there is no longer necessary." This resolution was adopted by a vote of 94 to 37. We cannot perceive how this can be considered more than an expression of opinion. It is manifestly in opposition to the views of President Johnson and General Grant, and as the former is Com? mander-in-Chief of the Armies and Navies of the United States, by the Constitution thereof ; and the latter the highest executive officer of the army nnder him, we imagine the resolution will be of little avail. The New York Herald says that this is another card of the radical pro? gramme to carry out their plans, and that they want armed troops station? ed at all convenient polling places to carry these plans out. It adds, that the radicals would rather have negro troops for the purpose, in order to exasperate the 'whites and goad them to renewed acts of hostility, to be followed by the remorseless vengeance of the radical leaders. The Herald says that men who have fought brave? ly and have acknowledged themselves conquered, and are ready to submit as men of hqnor to the laws of the Union, should not be wrought into a state of frenzy and madness by party or faction leaders, who have no other object in view than personal and partizan aggrandizement. i-s hut little doubt that this [fcintable interference with thg ?^onal function _^^B^?? ? 9 Debt? Due Ute North. The Spacial Committee appointed hy? the New York Chamber of Commerce to consider the propriety of enforcing, by every means afforded by the law, Northern claims against Southern debtors, submitted the result of their deliberations to that body on Thurs? day, in the shape of a memoriul to Congress : ' 'The Committee set forth that at the commencement of the late civil war citizens of the rebellious States were indebted to creditors in the North, for money loaned and goods sold, to the amount of about ?150,000,000, and that only a small portion of it has since been liquidated, while ou the other hand a large proportion of the residue has been, or soon will bc, barred by the State statutes of limita? tion. In order that these claims may ba adjusted, therefore, the memornd ists pray, for the passage of a law ex? empting suitors in the Federal Courts of the Southern States from the operations of statutes of limitation passed by State Legislatures, for a period long enough to afford legal creditors an opportunity to enforce their demands." After an animated discussion, the memorial was unanimously adopted, together with a resohition calling upon Senators and Representatives in Congress to use the most earnest endeavors *o procure the passage of the desired bill. The sum due Northern from South? ern merchants is variously estimated at from one hundred to one hundred and fifty millions of dollars. The New York Hei-ald does not think that Congress w?l be required to take action in this matter, but trusts the utmost leniency will be extended to the Southern debtors. It remarks, that "most of the Southerners, espe? cially the planters, have been abso lutely ruined by the war, and, how ever straightforward be their inclina? tions and intentions to liquidate their debts, they are utterly powerless to do so at the present time, for the warn; of the wherewithal. That the New York merchants ought to be paid HHHHH9HBH Noble Charities. ^? , "We subjoin two letters which will appeal in strong terms, and we hope not in vain, to the people of the South. The note referring to the condition of the widow of Stonewall Jackson vi ill be read with sorrow by the Southern people. Let it, as a cotemporary well says, never be re? corded of this people that all that remains of its wondrous chief and prototype has penury and wretched? ness for synonymus. Perish the though that a single member of the immortal "foot cavalry" will not be? stow his mite upon the relict of their lat?; commander. NEW YORK, Dec. 26. 1865. Hon. Benjaniim Wood: Will you not start a movement for the relief of the widow of the brave Jackson ? Think of his widow and child libing on an income of $150 per year ! She has been com? pelled to sell everything but a small house in Lexington, and this brings in the above yearly. Gladly would she return and occupy her little house herself, but she has not the means to live there, and there is a fear that even this will be sold to meet de? mands that she cannot aver!. Surely there are friends enough of the illustrious 'Stonewall' in the North to rally to the aid of his widow and chUd, ouce they are apprised of the extreme destitution. The following letter from Mrs. Davis was addressed to the Agent of the Louisiana Southern Aid Associa? tion, in response to a communication tendering substantial assistance: MILT. VIEW, GEORGIA, December 4, 1865. T. B. Clarke, Esq., Secretary and Agent L. S. A. Association. MY DEAR SIR: I am in receipt of your very kind letter in the name "of the Ladies' Southern' Aid Associa? tion." having " for its object the pur? pose of placing" me "and family, in circumstances somewhat commen? surate with their estimate of" me and mine, and begging that I will, at my earliest convenience, designate a place to which the means so collected may be conveyed, so that they may "safely and satisfactorily " reach me. From our desolated and impover? The Negro?*. Hon. S. R. Mallory, in a letter from Fort Lafayette to a citizen of Florida, says that nil who study the strides of public santiment on the subject of ?.lavery during the last quarter of the century, cannot fail to see that, with or without tho proposed amendment to the Federal Constitution, slavery can never be re-established within the American Union. He says it is i Ile to speculate upon thc advantages or disadvantages of freedom to the negro, and the fact cannot be ignored that he is a permanent element of the Southern population; and with re? ference to Florida, all schemes for his colonization or deportation tire useless. His interests are indentified with the State, and his liberty and property are entitled to protection. He favors the admission of negroes to testify in courts, but declares him habitually untruthful. He says the system of slavery required the negro to be kept in ignorance; but the change in his condition removes all obstacles to his instruction, and it must be for the State to determine whether her interests will be best promoted by permanently ignorant and'degraded, or by an instructed and enlightened class of free labor. Cotton and thc National Finance*. The National Intelligencer titus puts the existing relations between cotton and the finances of the country : The cotton question involves thc financial question. Few financiers in thc country believe that the national debt can be paid, or the national credit maintained, unless the cotton fields of the Southern States are agaii: reworked for a supply of the staple which has been, and may now Ix again, our chief medium of exehangt with foreign nations. It has beer suggested, indeed, and perhaps bj some sanguine and credulous persons believed, that our gold and silvei mines are to totally supersedecottm: in our foreign exch.wiLre^^jf^j expeci at i. ei^^(^g^| our rig?ajrt^| ---^BH WASHINGTON, I). C., -!:;^H To-day is the great fete ' Jackson Democracy, who e. -c<?V| tho day with grrtit zeal. < >^B the chi General was in a p.-e :ot!H The thennumeter, last night, v<j|flj degrees below zero. Tbe *~\i',;f.-Wt free negroes, who abound i-.vvAU sands, must be vary great, r.s mm tremoly poor and imp 'mm The politic;a:i's-'yjr- consii 1, JHBQfiSEflH deepest mi ; 'JB dent and the Congress to e i sH evident that there is a va3t^B5MWHHH tween the ideas of the ?V. si.li^M ideas of the radicals. A few d;?\^BMW? an editorial, with (?notations from the i^H dent's speeches in the wiuter of lSCO-1^^ was published in the Intelligencer, of this city, calling attention distinctly to the fact that the President never hail professed to be a radical Abolitionist, but had always manifested a conservative sud national posit i and th it thc radicals had no right to expect, hitit to adopt their policy, lt ia said this article was au official publication, and evidently means a great deal. It is the reply, in advance, lo the radical erv of treachery. There sectus to 'oe no doubt but that the President wants to put hi* administration on the m.? i conservati^ basis possible, and to do ail : .. eui jj-m South; but the obstacles be bus 1 >^H ter in moving in this dir. .'-'??Af? mense to man, whether you ca mm or Kaiser. A President 'JaL\ power without 1 1 pl osent JL\ Die President uudersl :iui\>a%] for lie is a of e.-ti wAm sagacity; luis ~Mm\ mm\ Thc people of th;; '^K?EHg^SSH crazy negro. All politics t;,!^B idea. v9 au<l he t i 1 . 1 ^HSSE(5^fi2i to certain cut some of the ground !V-^B radio ?ls. Thc South .-.h.-uM^| dence in the President, as an ?? 3BM have in it's goner d. The -; < f"J| position to survey t'ne v. hoi" :e 'it-m knows what can be done, and v"\ -;^H bc done. Ile docs not fear a l.reJH thc va li.\ds. but he oitmo! i-^H caitic it is bis interest to a^nliJHJ sive, and to throw upon tHein ; :<c?Vj of breaking up tho party, lt is ' AvJ dent's interest to build up c. al vat ive national party, becausc^-t^M^^H be the natural head of this l''"'H t'ne radical party he is an :l^?'JJjfJHH day last,^ Nickerso^H in tho ' .,4B Child?, fl (;"v-jfl in?, jjfl '??fl