University of South Carolina Libraries
COLUMBIA. Thursday Morning, Nov. 16, 1865. Thc Conditions Precedent. The Southern States, in their honest ac? ceptance of tho results of thc late conflict between them and the Federal Government, aa their prompt and candid acknowledg? ment of their defeat - in their hearty co? operation with the necessary preliminary steps proposed by the Administration at Washington for their restoration to thc Federal Union, and their adoption of mea? sures suggested merely by that Govern? ment, have sincerely and patriotically come up to the great work of reconstructing thc Republic as it was upon the foundation of thc Constitution and laws. The mere tem? porary domination of any radical party .Hhorild not deter those having thc ship of State in .charge to deviate from thc chart course laid out, and we trust will not. Aa some of our Northetn exchanges very properly say, tho Southern States are natu? rally anxious to know definitely upon what terms they will bc permitted to enjoy the privileges and perform the duties that ap? pertain to them as parts of our political system; and thc North as well as tho South is naturally desirous of anderstand ?ig the policy of the Administration. If an amendment of the Constitution is to be made an imperative condition of the r?? habilit?t ion of the Union, let it bo so stated in unequivocal words. It would be a. great injustice to demand such a condi? tion, but the injustice is enhanced by thin method of paltering in a double sense. Mr. Seward says that peace and harmony depend upon the loyal legislation of thc Southern Staten upon a question that is already settled. We deny it, says thc New York Netcs. Peace reigns throughout tho ?Republic, and is not likely to be disturbed from any issues of a domestic nature; and, as io harmony, there is nothing that threatens that except the efforts of Black Republicanism to enforce their partisan .doctrines upon an unwilling people. lt is eminently proper that tho States .seeking to bc restored to their rightful paaitiat) ia thc Union should know definitely what arc thc couttitioiis they must accept before- what they seek will bo afforded to them. God knows they have suffered enough, and in their manly and honest efforts to accept and faithfully carry emt the con? ditions necessary and consequent upon tho resulta e>r the- late war, the duty of patriots everywhere should be tu facilitate these efforts. Conciliation and tho promotion of good feeling between the people of thc two sec? tions lately at war, is now the work of pa? triots everywhere, all over the land. Too many exactions ought not to bc^saade from a defeated bat brave people, \nd wv earnestly trnut that those whose position in .thc Government warrants them toVim po.se conditions, or those (thc people of tho North ) who can appreciate tn ' 'ra very, worth or honor, ia a vanquished e>p poueni, will, instead of forcing unneces? sary hnnc?liating cor.ebtions, ^o earnestly to work tv heal aV. wounds, and unite us, a people determined to place our country on the- highest pinnacle ol'nat ional pre>s perity and greatness. -< ^ ? ? The Tax Law?. "We observe that a Convention of United States Internal Revenue Assessors from New York, New England and the Western States, vax he-Id last week at Albany, for tho purpose of makin;,' such recommenda? tions to the next Congre ss, resp? cting the practical working of the law, as their e-x periencu might dictate, with thc view e>:~ securing greater uniformity in its execu? tion. Tlie Convention failed to agree upon A re-port, partly from the gr. at dive rsity oi opinion in regard to the workings of tin law anet the remedy for existing abuses, partly from a greater desire on the part ol the- assessors to retain their place.-., and not offend the-ir supe riors, than to improve the law; _\et their deliberations elicited sonic interesting facts, and were imp -rt a ni a.s showing the- necessity that exists for : revision ?if mir revenue syst*. . .. When ever an assessor made a statement "f tin interpretation of tin law by thc Treasury authorities, others immediate ly quoted op positc opinions on thc same point*.., au< tho*..- frequently rendered by thc sann official. The inconvenience and injustice of these conflicting decisions, show the necessity for reform. lt was shown that there w< rc lar; of revenue on whiskey anet cigars, .-mel tlc Convention adopted resolutions f??r pi.o in; breweries a;.el distilleries under the per rnanent charge of regular officers, wh< ?bali permit no liquor t> > be- removed excen in their presence. This plan, if carried ont, would large ly increase the number o revenue officials, and the- expenses e,t' ie>! lecting the reve nue', with doubtful advan tage t') t!i>- Treasury. it was shown tbat thc la\e-s ein j.".:i n< cratches, carriages, silver ware and <?t !i? kindred article s, embraced under the hes *>f luxuries, were not worth thc expi nse i collection. The discussion on tho tax of ?ales was important, as showing thc superi? ority of this system. A resolution endors? ing it was voted down, hut several of tho ablest and most intelligent assessors sup? ported this form of taxation. Modifica? tions were suggested in the .mode of collecting revenue on mai facturcd ar? ticles. It is proposed that io deductions shall bo made for freight on manufactured articles, and that goods consigned to an agent shall not be taxed till sold. Dreadful Accident. Wc arc informed of a most painful and fatal occurrence on one of the hacks from Alston. About one and a half miles this side of Hope Station, tho hack or ambu? lance was precipitated into a gulley about fifteen feet deep. Thc result was that four passengers wore killed outright and throe severely wounded. Among tho passengers killed was the Bev. Dr. James Cohen, so long known as professor in the Theological Seminary in this city; Mrs. VanWinkic, of Charleston; an English lady, (name not known.) a resi? dent in tho family of Mr. Peronneaux, of Charleston: and a colored servant or nurse. There is great blame to bo attached some where. Under our present information, wc forbear comment until to-morrow. The President'? >?essat?e. Tho Now York Herald is of opinion that "no document ever penned by an American statesman, since the Declaration of Inde? pendence, tho Constitution of tho United States and the first inaugural of the la? mented Lincoln, will be road upon both sidos of tho Atlantic with such intense in? terest as tho forth-coming message of President Johnson. Providentially called to tho chief executive chair nt an extra? ordinary crisis, when tho country was fust emerging from the blood and smoke of a terrible civil war, and when tho world was horror stricken hy tho nows of Lincoln's assassination. President Johnson assumed his onerous duties at a moment's notice, and 1ms since been discharging thom with an energy, tact and discretion that cannot he too highly extolled." Tlie Herald adds the following specula? tions as to the forth-emiiing document: During th?; political canvass that has just concluded, President Johnson, finding both parties harmonious in sustaining him. has be en quietly preparing the message which he ;s to transmit to Congress in December, ar.d ho is still diligently engaged in this important labor. The message will pro? bably treat mainly nf our domestic affairs. His pedioy in regard to the restoration ol the Union will no doubt bo fully stated and explained. This policy involves thc ad? mission of regula iv elected representa? tives from tho S. ?nthorn States te Congress; and whether that point is treated sepa? rately er merely referred to as a corollary j of the restoration policy, it will, we hope, bo se> clear arni incontrovertible as to re? move every reasonable doubt that may be entertained upon tho subject in any quar? ter. Of course, Congress will have to bc organized before the President's inessa gc is received, and wo anticipa.i>. that, as the time for action approaches, the radicals will abandon tho revolutionary pro/octi which they have boen recently concocting and allow all tho legal members of tin House to take their ?eats without distur? bance. Should there bo any danger ot revolutionary proceedings, however, th? message limy be transmit?.-a to tie- public journals, which aro the rea! representa? tives of the people, and may bo accompani? ed, as we suggested a few days ago, by a proclamation calling for a grand special election. In any event, we believe that its declarations and explanations in regard tc tho President's policy will h - so satisfac? tory to tho American people, that there wil he no ground left for such constitutional or unconstitutional grumblers as Wendell Phillips, who appear to think it theil special mission to lind fault with every? body ar.d everything, not excluding them? selves. Wherever the foreign policy o tie- Government is intimately connected with the subject of restoration it will be amply treated: but it is not likely tba much space will br devoted to our foreigi relations in detail, io bi- formal speed upon the reception of thc Minister from Brazil, the President has already cxpressei his views in connection with the affairs o this continent, referring quite distinctly to the Mexican imbroglio: and Mu rope al once ri-cou'n i/.ed the application of his re marks. The claims of this Governmon upon Great Britain foi- the damages in rl'oted by English privateers have airead; been presented by Minister Adam.-, am are being diplomatically discussed. Tin President's telegrams to tlc- S?rth Caro bna and Georgia Conventions have scttlei tho case of the rebel bondholders. Uri? .references to these and kindred matter will, therefore, suffice for th.- forthcorainj message. Presielent Johnson believes th;-, we should att-.-nd to our domestic affair before attending to om- foreign affairs that WC should make no demands until W. are perfectly ready to enforce them: aie I we consequently presume that the mc mentons message which lie is now prepai lng wil! be mainly devoted to th. policy c restoration, and that onr foreign relation will be in a measure reserved for anoihe I Presidential communication. London Correspondence of Richmond Times. LONDON, October 21.-Thc death of Lord Palmerston, which occurred on thu 18th instant, at "Brockley Hall" cs- cf hi:: lordship's country scats-has cast a gloom not only over London, but over the king? dom. His personal traits-his cheerful, fresh, hearty disposition-not les? than his great career of usefutness in more than half a century of public service, endeared him to thc people of his country, and cause them truly to mourn his loss. Although his health has been failing for some time past, it was only about five days before his death that any anxiety was felt by his friends with regard to him. He was then attacked with severe cold, accompa? nied by some of the most serious conse? quences of gout, including paralysis of the bladder, and from these diseases sank peacefully and calmly, but rapidly, io his rest. One day more, and he"would have been eighty-one years of age. Earl Russell, for many reasons, is looked upon as his probable successor as "First Minister." Already in thc Cabinet, of which he is tho senior member, a representative man in the present liberal views entertained by a majority of tho nation, the author of the letters on the English side of tho recant "Confederate Cruiser Correspondence," (the sentiments of which letters are heartily endorsed hy "John Bull") it can hardly be doubted tbat, upon die return of the Queen from Scotland, Lord John will be "sent for" to Buckingham Palace. And again, his appointment would do away with the necessity for any sweeping changes in tho Cabinet, and of assembling Parliament at this very inconvenient season. Added to this, the British side of tiio American question would be much strengthened by placing tho statesman who has hitherto conducted the negotiation, at the head of the Government. By this arrangement, the leadership of the Commons would fall to the Chancellor of the Exchequer-Mr. (Hailstone; and Lord Clarendon would pro? bably bo installed in the Foreign Office, i Quite a stir has boon created in tho world I of politics .-uni trade byan announcement I in the Times, a few days since, that Mr. Seward, as tho result of" a Cabinet discus? sion rcccntlv held at Washington on the subj.-ct. bad sent a despatch to Paris, to be communicated to the French Govern? ment, in which Hie "United States Govern? ment states, in very decided language, that it will not permit additional troops to bc sent to Mexico by France, anil that any further intervention in tho affairs of that country by the Emperor of thc French ?nay lead to a serious misunderstanding between thc two Governments." Such a stat' meut, by snell an authority, of course, had immediate effect on United States se? curities, but tlit- subsequent statement ot'a sort of semi-official denial from Washing? ton of any recent action in Mexican affairs, served to quiet matters somewhat: yet. the effect is still apparent on thc stock ex? change. The behavior of the people of the defeat? ed sectioi: oi the United States is much applauded 1 ere, and the course of Presi? dent Johnson meets with universal appro? bation. In these things, those who think on the subject see a solution of th<- recon? struction problem; but there are many who profess not to understand why tie-South? ern men yielded so suddenly and so com? pletely, 'lhere ar? they who never knew, or if tin y knew, have forgotten, that with? in t wo months after tho bat tie of Hastings, William, the Norman, without opposition, was crowned King at Westminster. Tiie holders of the rebel cotton bonds have commenced to agitate the subject of the liability of the United States Govcrn iiii nt, as w-fll as of the several States which composed tho Confederacy, for their payment. The argument as to the liability of "the United States seems to be that thc Confederacy, being Government "de facto" ha I'tho right to contract tho debt, and pledge the cotton for its redemption, anti hence, the United States taking the cot ton as capture of war, takes it burdened with thc lien, and must either satisfy the claim or release the property. As to t he liability of the individual States of tho lat?; Confederacy, it is contended by thc holders if th< bonds thc' by reason of the peculiar form of goveri . ent under tho United Stat-s Constitution, secession was not rebellion, and that, although the States seceding violated the agreement or com? pact of that instrument, they violated no allegiance; that whilst tho " Confederacy existed, it.-. States maintained their sove? reignty, and that having, in the exercise of sucli sovereignty, contracted this debt through their legal representatives, they aie ?tlll bound for its pnymeut. These colton bonds, I predict, will be tiled asa ..set-off' against the claims made by Mr. Adams for indemnity fur losses by the rebel pirates to United States citizens, and the two together may furnish material for diplomatic notts foi- some timo to come. Meanwhile the Louds aro bought and sold "on change.'' teal regularly quoted in thc reports of the stock market. The enterprise of London, not satisfied by running steam trains "underground," ha commenced the practice of moving suca tra?as by air pressure alone. The "underground" railway, proper, is simply .i gigantic tunnel passing under some of tin- greatest thoroughfares and most solid? ly and compactly built quarters of this great city. The pneumatic tub,.- lin- is an iron case, about four by six feet, two mik s in length t present, and all "under? ground." In t ' - case or tube, rails aro hud down. . ; .aced upon thom, and. by means of a large blast ?an. located at one end of it. and made to revolve at a high speed, by means of stationary steam en? gines, they "raise the wind'' to such an extent that the cars are blown through the tube, from Faningden street to Eastern Square, a distance of two miler-, in live ni in uti s. The choli ra. with the exception of :? few iso|;,t, d cases, ha* been no nearer to bon? don that tlc- distance from lu re to Paris. At thc latter place it exists to a consider? able extent, at present, although it is not so serious in th-, nnmbcr or character of th.- cases as ivas to l"- apprehended. Thc pp sent cool w cathi r. it is thought, will du lunch t ' diminish tin- disease ami check its march. lt ma-, he considered almost certain that it will not reach your shores this winter, and possibly, by th ? means \\ hieb are being put for th by the Governments and people of this part ol the world, the annies of this dread invader may be so discomfited and beaten that hi- present campaign will end without a landing on tho other side of the Atlantic. (Ind grant that this may be so, that your people may not have such a trial to contend with, so soon after the desolation caused by ??? twin brother, war. Winn i ii g ton XewM. The Tribune's correspondent says: John Mitchell arrived in Washington on Tuesday, and went to the State Depart? ment, where he procured a passport, taking the oath of a loyal citizen. He said ho was not going to bondon. Where bc was going be did ?ot say. The United States Adjutant-General is? sued an order on the 7th, directing all naval officers to turn over to the Navy De? partment all property or materials "captur? ed from the enemy."' The pardon business is again reviving, thc? applications coming in quite rapidly within a few days. Four hundred have just been received from North Carolina and twe hundred from Georgia. The rebel Generals Longstreet and Pike, were at tho Attorney-General's office this morning, at? tending to their applications for pardon. The President having nearly cleared his table of pardon cases, it is understood that he will shortly rescind the order directing the suspension of the issue of requisitions ! from the Attorney-General's onice. At ! present all applications are simply cx I amined at thc latter office and forwarded to the State Department, the President I .-ending for such warrants as he decide-., to 1 sign. ? Thc Washington correspondent of tho I New York .Yt'.-s says: I The Tribune gnaw.-. ?0 a ?il.-, when it sneers at Governor Perry for what he says in his message about the admission to Congress of the representatives of South Carolina: and. at tito President, because he bas pardoned Governor Humphreys; i and at General Joseph E. Johnston, be? cause has accepted the Presidency of the National Express Company. The determi? nation of the President to sec to it that no State in thc Union Is deprived of its just representation in Congress, is fixed and unalterable; and i: will be .sein ?n Decem? ber, that he h.-..-- the power to enforce that determination, am wiil usc it if necessarv. Thc Pf -cleat has no sympathy with that narrow bigotry which would' keep the officers of thc late Confederate Anny out of the avenues of honorable employment. He do. s mc expect that the ponple'of the South will forge: those whom they hare long honored and trusted. And whenever such mi n as iwriior [Vrrv. Governor Sharkey. Mr. Alcorn. General Lei . General Johnston, General Ewell, and even General Longstreet, are placed by the action of the Southern people, in responsible and honorable positions. President Johnson will honor and respect that a. .ion. A special despatch to the baltimore Sun, dated Washington, November t>, says: I hear in several Republican quarters*that, in reference to the admission of Southern Congressmen, there ari' plenty of members elect of the dominan; party who intend that there shall be no summary action against thom. There muss be examination and consideration of the subject. If need be, there will be, it is said, an organization of Republican members in aid of the Pre? sident's policy, which may bring men into the fi*ld for offices of thc "Senate, and can? didates are already mentioned. Reports as to what Secretary McCulloeh may recommend concerning the internal revenue law are premature. The report of thc commissioners appointed in conformity with a resolution of Congress to examine into thc tax subject, will bc awaited with anxi eis ?m. rest, hi high Congressional ipiarters. learned on the subject, 1 have heard decided objection mad." to that fea? ture of tho law which taxes a person who uses i:; business a hund?a d thousand dollars so as that it yields ten thousand profit, doolde what would be tho tax upon a like sum that would yield five thousand when invested in securities. In the same quarter, object i..n is urged against that feature of the law which increases the rate pi r . i nt. upon incomes as they increase in amount. It is thought that a uniform rate per cent, should be fixed and paid upon . iconics, whether large or small. 'J'li. Freedmen's Bureau, by order of the President, has returned a large number of estates m their original owners, among them the property of T. W. Gough, of St. Mary's County, Maryland, and Mrs. Eliza? beth Southron. Tho most of the places restored are located in Loudon.md fair? fax Counties, Virginia. In Alexandria, Mrs. S. (1. Smith, til? Misses Irwin, Miss Dangerfield. Miss A. M. Somers and Mr. John Aldridge have been re-instated in pos? session of their property. The Washington correspondent of tho New Y uk Times has the following: The sell lenient of thc Sea island freed? men business promises to bo no easy or certain matter after all. Many of thc freedmen nave accumulated property ranging in value from ?.-.ii'.i to $15,000, and mane have become quite extensive em? ployers of thc labor of the others. Tho plantel.-, who wish to recover the lands, can never agree with these men, and can, therefore, in ver absorb their labor, as has been suggested. We mav state that the current idea pre? vailing, especially at the South, that (ion. Howard b to settle this matter permanent? ly while on los present trip, is incorrect. He will onlj investigate, and report upon bis return." The questw n will then come before thc Secretary of Wari and probably before the Cabinet." There is 'likely tobe a verv livelv consideration of thc subject, and if not" disposed of before Congress meets, will inevitably claim its attention. Our despatch of Thursday mentioned that dov. Johnson, of Georgia, recommended that these freedmen he colonized on the public lands in lerida. This was incor? rect. Gov. Johnson may entertain the opinion prb ately. but lie does not officially recommend it. Gen. Sherman issued thc order which place ! man;, of them there, but it had its inspiration much nearer the War Department. -o? A despatch from San Francisco, <late. 1 November 9, says thc i>\o.?. nd stage was attacked by six rubbers, near Virginia City, on Munday night, wlu> took all the valuables of the ex? press and belonging to the passengers. Among the passengers was J. S. Batcholder, >i Boston.who was robbed of $1,300. Local Items. Tho last Jay's proceedings of tho Legis? lature beius oi considerable importance, we publish them in full this morning. Among other interesting matter in our double shoot of Sunday next, will bo pub? lished an article from the London (?>inrterl>j Review, for July, on "The Close of the War in America," written by an Englishman, who was evidently posted on what he speaks about. This lias been termed the best and most complete article on the war yet published, and should be generally read. COLUMBIA POST OFFICE.-The mails are ready for distribution daily between thc hours of 10 and ll a. m. The mails for Winnsboro and thc North close at 9 a m., Charleston 3 p. m., Greenville 2 p. m. CASH.-Wu wish it distinctly understood that our terms for subscription, advertising and job work are cash. The money must in every case accompany orders, or they teilt ?ot be attended to. This rule applies to ab. Jcsr PUBLISHED.-TlieSack and Destruc? tion of the City of Columbia, originally published in the Columbia T'hamix. A pamphlet edition of the above has jua been issued and is for SJ'." at this office - price 31 ac>py. XE'.?' An?-E;:TJSKITS*VS. Attention is call? ed to the following advertisements, which ar*.- published for the tim time this morn? ing: Hanahan .'. Warlcv -Liverpool Salt. " " "-Bacon Sides. Flour. Applv af this Office-Board Wanted. " -Boarders Wanted.. Henderson Stree: Booms to Bent. Davis & Co.-Mourning Skirts. City Ordinances Itelativi to Liquors. . . Since their recent triumphs lu the North? ern State-, several of the Republican journals announce the following conditions precedent to the restoration of the South? ern States io their rights ir. the Union: "1. No rebid Staie cnn h .pe to rehabili? tate itself, unless i; accepts President Lin-* coin's Emancipation Proclamation as an absolute abolition of .-lavery within its borders, and unless it makes that abolition a Constitutional ordinance. "2. Ko rebel State can conn- bael:, or be represented in Congress, which does no* adopt thc Constitutional amendment, abolishing .-lavery and prohibiting it in thc Tinted States and its Territories for? ever. '.:5. No insurrectionary State can hope to be recognized as a member ot the Union which tloes no' entirely repudiate all debts and obligations contracted in the < ffort to desti'or that Union. "4. No rebel State can bo understood as having abolished slavery, which denies civil rights to the negro, or refuses to ad? mit him the right t<> !,.>!d and convey pro? perty, sn<- and be .- ned. ard to testify in the court-. "Non-compliance with these conditions, according to tiie avowed policy of thc Pre? sident, will be equivalent to exclusion fron: the Union, and will justify a continued military occupation of tho incorrigible States. Th. su conditions will be equally insisted on by Congress, which, in addition, will insist that every man claiming a seat in the House of Representatives, or in tl. Senate, shall take the 'test oath,' and swear that he bas never voluntarily aided or abetted thc rebellion." Tur. BALTIMORE LADIES ANO THE PKESI DENT.-At 7 o'clock, Monday morning, a committee left this city, for Washington, for thc purpose of presenting a petition to President Johnson, praying the release of Mr. Lavis, to which petition was attached the signature of over 14.000 of the noble minded women of Baltimore. The narin s of the committee who waited on tho Presi? dent are as follows: Mrs. Chapman Coleman, Mrs. Charles Hoffman. Mrs. John S. Gittings, Mrs. John Hanson Thomas. Mrs. Allen Dorsey, Mrs. George Brice Hoffman. Mrs. Frank Sulli? van, Mrs. Thomas G. 'Pitts. Mrs. Alfred Bennett. Mi.-s Julia G. Pittman, Miss Ju? dith Coleman, Miss Emma li. Harvey. John W. Garrett, Es.... with his usual liberality and kindness, ?.laced a special car at tim service of tho committee. The in? terview with President Johnson is repre? sented to have been an exceedingly inter? esting one.-Baltimore (iazilte. Wt-. Of this interview, th.- National Jn'e?i gev.cer sa vs : .?His Excellency the President gave audi? ence, yo.-terday. to a numerous delegation of ladies from Baltimore, depntied to pre? sent a petition signed by 15,000ladies, seek? ing tho Executive ( leniency in bi half ot Jefferson Dn\is. Mis. Coleman, daughter of the late lamented Job;; J. Crittenden, addressed the President in feeling and ap? propriate terms, to which he responded m a most felicitous manner, regretting that public policy prevented his yielding to th? ii persuasive and touching argimn nts. "Thc interview' ?as a protracted one, aud of a most agreeable character: and th. fair petitioners left th.- city, carrying with them the most pleasurable impressions of tho President. ..In declining, thc Pr. sidenf regretted that the national character of the question restrained all private svmpathy which they might have awakened in him. and made the important stat emt nt that complete arrangements have been ma.!, for the earlv legal trial d' Mr. I (avis, according to tho laws ,.f the land." - Behind tllOSC Pos?ate <-ates, the lips of girlb.1. there NIIOnhl be a fragrant palace elegantly furnished with ivory and coral. To drop me'. a]>her. Young ladies, you should kei p your teeth and gums in per? fect order, if you hope in after-life to enjoy tin- bk ssings of a sound set of dentals anti a .-weet breath. What viii enable you to do this? you ask. Nothing hut Fragrant Sozodont, ?c reply. *