University of South Carolina Libraries
VOUTME Vin.-NUMBER 1189. CHARLESTON, THURSDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 14, 1869. SLX DOLLARS A YEAR. THE ?LECTIONS. PENNSYLVANIA GOES REPUBLICAN BY A SMALL MAJORITY. OHIO STILL IN DOUBT. BOTH SIDES CLAIM THE VICTORY. MORTAL ILLNESS OF ADMIRAL FARRAGUT. A NEW SECRETARY OP WAR. ^ The Cotton Catea In the Supreme Court, Sic., ?ic., die. [SPECIAL TELEGRAMS TO THE NEWS.] WASHINGTON, October 13-12.30 P. M. Additional murts received this morning from Pennsylvania indicate the probable election of Geary, Republican, over Packer, Democrat, for Governor, by a small majority: say 3000; which would be a Democratic gab?since the last Presi? dential election of 25,000 votes. The Republicans had the exclusive handling of the?f?w registry law in Philadelphia, and suc? ceeded thereby m reducing the Democratic vote more than 2000. The latest returns from Ohio declare that the tr result for Governor te very close. The Cincinnati Radicals telegraph tbiajnornlng that Hayes, Republican, is probably elected by a small majority; but add that the Legislature has gone Democratic, thereby ensuring the defeat of the Fifteenth amendment. The Democrats claim that Pendleton is certain ly > elected, and are firing saintes in Columbus and Cincinnati in honor or their victory. The large Pendleton gains In Sontheim Ohio arc almost balanced by the gains of Hayes in the northern part bf thejttate. Hence, it is impossi? ble, as yet, to get at the definite result. A special dispatch from Nashville says that Governor Sent er's message was read to the Leg? islature yesterday. It advises th? adoption of the Fifteenth amendment, and scouts the Idea of re? pudiation. It favors a continuation of the present Behool system, and the sale of delinquent rail? roads. It says nothing in regard to a Constitu? tional Convention, but favors a free franchise. [SECOND DISPATCH.] ?WASHINGTON, October 13-ll P. M. The latest retama from Pennsylvania indicate the election of Geary by a majority of about 4000 votes. ' . , . I . -, Ohio ls still la doubt, and both parties claim the election of Governor. The L?gislature ls un? doubtedly Democratic. Tue brief of the cotton tax case is ready for the Supreme Court, and the counsel are here. The point of the case is that cotton being an article of export, its taxation is prohibited. There are forty-two million dollars involved. General Sheridan telegraphs tp. General Sher? man from Chicago that Admiral Farragut is very low and cannot possibly recover. [FEOM THE ASSOCIATED PRESS.] Pennsylvania. WASHINGTON, October 13. Careful comparison based on partial returns from thirty counties, ta eluding Philadelphia and AUeghany Counties, show a net Democratic gain of nearly 4000 votes. The remaining counties must average nearly 200 Democratic gain to elect Packer. The majority of Geary, Republican;. In Philadelphia, by thc official count ls 3330. The indications are that both branches of the Stat e Legislature will be Republican. The latest dispatches from Philadelphia give the composition of the Legislature " as follows: Senate, 18 Republicans to 15 Democrats; House of Represen te ti ves, 30 Republicans to 17 Democrats, giving the Republicans .29 majority on joint bal? lot. The Radical papers claim the election of Geary by from 5000 to 10,000 majority. The Philadelphia Age, Democant, claims 0000 majority for Packer. WASHINGTON, October 13-9 P. M. The majority for Geary in thirty-six counties la Pennsylvania is nearly 5000 votes. The remaining thirty counties must average one hundred and nffy-seven Democratic gain to ensure the election of Packer. The contest ls very close, but the chances are In favor of Geary. Ohio. From Ohio we hear that Hamilton County gives Pendleton 6O0 majority, and elects thc entire De mocratic Municipal ticket It is now believed that Pendleton is defeated, bat by a very small majori? ty. The corrected returns may yet eleet Pendle? ton. The State House of Representatives ls strongly Democratic. The Senate will be Repub? lican. This defeats the State's sanction of the Fifteenth amendment. A dispatch from Cleveland, Ohio, says that ac? cording to returns from one-third of the State, Hayes, Republican, loses 5000 votes since the last elections. This average carried throughout the SUte will elect Hayes by 5000 majority. Many of the Democratic strongholds, however, have yet to be heard from. The few detailed returns which have been re eelved from Ohio Indicate the election of Pendle? ton. Iowa. WASHINGTON, October 13. As was expected to be the case, Iowa elects the whole Radical ticket. ^ NEWS FROM WASHINGTON. WASHINGTON, October 13. Another case involving the constitution tlity of the State tax on Importations, is to be ar ;ued in the Supreme Court. The case comes from Mobile. General Wm. M. Belknap, or Iowa, has been telegraphed by the President to assume the Sec? retaryship of War. On bis arrival General Sher? man win retire. ft ls rumored that General Sherman accepted the Secretaryahlp with reluctance and only to ac? commodate the President. General Belknap is bot thirty-eight years old, a graduate of Prince? ton College, New Jersey, and a lawyer by profes? sion. He served la thc Union army from the be? ginning to the end of the late civil war, In the capacity of an aide-de-camp to General Sherman. THE OLD DOMINION. RICHMOND, October 13. About ten thousand persons attended the State Fair at Staunton to-day. Professor T. W. Mallett, of the University of Virginia, delivered an address on the science of farming as a fine art, and how men of science can help the farmer. Major John a Lafferty, of the Lexington Ga? zette, has been appointed superintendent of the typographical and stenographlcal department of Washington College, Lexington. The Border Agricultural Fair nt Danville open? ed to-day. North Carolina and Danville are well represented. SPARKS FROM THE WIRES. A negro who insulted a lady near Fort Wash? ington, Va., has been hung by the people. The signal tower ou the Mine Hill (Pennsylva? nia) Railroad ls destroyed by fire. The watch? man, his wife and two children were bumed to death. A Paris dispatch says that severa1, public re ria are announced and disturbances are fear The government will enforce the law for thc suppression of meeting? calculated to disturb the peace. A TH RI riyu Toity. All About Florence-How it Grows Appearance of thc Village-A Batch of Gossip-Hints for the Curi?os-The Lands, the Laborera and the Crops. [PROS! OIR OWN CORRESPONDENT.] FLORENCE, S. C., October 13. Florence, they say about here, ls a city of steam engines, cotton gins and babies. Em? brace in the description pine trees and railroad tracks, and the traveller will not fail to recog? nize the locality. Within ten years, the place has grown from a mere wilderness, with its wayside blacksmith shop, to a town of more than respectable dimensions, and the eye rests upon as picturesque a collection of fresh look? ing country homes and tidy stores as are to be found In this portion of South Carolina. In truth, Florence has all tlie elements of pro? gress and expansion. Two trains a day from Charleston, Wilmington and Augusta, and one from Cheraw and Darlington, rest in its spa clous depot, to gather or deposit merchandise and passengers. Thirty or forty merchants, already established here, are building up a permanent trade. Cotton from the surround? ing country is brought here to be ginned, baled and shipped. Saw mills are at work in the vicinity cutting out lumber for home use and distant markets, and the handiwork of thrift and enterprise is everywhere observable. There are four ministers, two or three pretty churches, a graveyard of no use to anybody, and a round dozen of doctors who growl chronically at the prevailing good health. The colored population are orderly and lazy, and cotton stealing measurably increased. The Ano hotel, so familiar to ' our soldiers during the war, is still kept by Mr. J. W. Gamble, assisted by his son. Architecturally it is one of the prettiest structures In the State, and the wayfarer is always sure of a substantial and stomach-satisfying repast. Its a superb place to pick up "personals." As, for instance. General Joseph E. Johnston and President W. J. Magrath stopped here yester? day. An old North Carolina farmer, who has made money by producing, buying and ship? ping twelve hundred bushels of blackberries during last year, is on his way to a locality near Georgetown to purchase with his surplus a phosphate plantation. Another stranger IB on his way from Philadelphia to look after kaolin -pays there's a heap of money in it. and peo? ple don't know it. A third, talking around the parlor fire, believes in draining our swamps and getting otu timber. He says that thirty years ago, until people went wild over cotton, timber was cut Imo staves, and constituted a handsome proportion of the trade of Charles? ton with thc West Indies and France. The suggestions of a fourth indicate that he has an aptitude for agricultural machinery, and that if some Charleston merchant will bring out a stump extractor that will "snake" lightwood roots out of the ground, he and his neighbors are prepared to buy half a dozen. And so on. In short, Gamble's Hotel is a place where you can hear suggestive thoughts expressed by men from every part of the country and en? gaged In every variety of enterprise. The business done here is chiefly in cotton, brought forward from tho neighborhood, the merchants supplying in turn tho demands of the planters. Rumor hath it that a well known Chariest e n dry goods firm Is about to establish a branch house at tbls point. . Besides the handsome lists of Florentine merchants, Cap? tain E. W. Lloyd, formerly of Charleston and captain ol thc Washington Light Infantry, has a carriage factor}' and steam mill; and Captain John Wylie has an extensive steam .ginning establishment The Northeastern Railroad shops, under the management of Mr. Daniel Haynes and Mr. Alexander Corrie, also turn out the elegant cars and machinery which are to be seen on that road. The neighboring lands uro good for cotton planting, and are appreciating In value. Form? erly the planters of this section were wealthy. Many of them are rapidly recovering from losses Incidental to the war. Within three miles ol Florence there is excellent water power, and the wonder ls that some enter? prising capitalist, with thc example of thc Au? gusta and Saluda mills before him, dividing Immense profits among the owners, and saving fifteen per cent, more than Northern mills, does not come here and Invest thirty or forty thoutand dollars in the erection of a cotton factory. If he did no more than transfer cotton from the bale to the bob? bin, he would make his pile. The field ls ample, and "the early birds" in this growing town are destined "to catch the worm.-' Another want, which, for their own business advancement, these live people need, ls a local newspaper. A watchful editor never need hide his candle under a bushel lit FLORENCE. THE CROPS ly THE MOVXTAX2T8. [FROM OCR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PENDLETON, S. C., October ll. I have taken some pains to ascertain the following particulars in regard to the crop ol tills section In comparison"to that of hist year, by visiting many ol the plantations and by con? sulting some of our most intelligent and prac? tical farmers. The cotton crop will fall off fully one-half, half ot which ls already picked ont. Corn on thc creek and river bottoms is as S?od, if not better, than lt was last year, but e uplands will fall short at least two-thirds. Peas are almost an eutire failure. P. H. E. S. [FROM AN OCCASIONAL CORRESPONDENT.] PENDLETON, S. C., October 12. In yours of tlie 7th you desired a statement of the condition of the crops at this date, ?tc. Since our last, as to our own and adjoiniug counties-for we have not been much about we may report that thc all absorbing cotton crop will probably turn out a half crop; in other words, half of what it would have been, if the season had been favorable. And at least half of it is now housed, and much of that ginned and in the hands of the merchants, who seem anxious to buy, anti no wonder, we think. Were wc a planter wo would not sell a bale of cotton at this time, unless com? pelled, as most of our small planters and far? mers hereabouts, are for money is scarce and the demand pressing. As it is, so lt goes, like hot cakes, for the benefit of speculators. Corn will probably, on bottom lands, yield an average crop, but on uplands not moro than one-third of a fair crop for the laud. Looking to scarcity of forage next winter, much ot the corn on most upland farms has been cut up at the roots, and stalk, blades, ftc, cured for fodder: much better than pulling and curing the lew blades that such stalks would have produced. The pea, potato and turnip crop on upland ls almost an entire failure. We have commenced sewing wheat, oats, rye and barley. If seed sufficient can be pro? cured a larger space than usual will be devoted to their culture to meet the threatening wants of next spring and summer. Weare pleased to see that many of our farmers are turning their attention to the culture of clover and the grasses generally-an encouraging omen of our future prosperity aa farmers, grazers and stock raisers. Ours"is not a planting country by nature, and cotton we consider an Intruder. X. -The Masonic fraternity of Louisville, Ky., are about electing a widows' and orpbaii8; hom.', to cost $100.000. on hu.d donated. TUE CONFEDERATE CONSTITUTION. REASON'S FOR DIFFERENCES BETWEEN IT AND THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. An Unusually Interesting Historical Relume. We find in a Tate issue of thc Memphis A iv peal the following letter, written in the spring of 1867, by the Hon. R. B. Rhett, In answer to certain inquiries addressed to him as to thc authorship of thc various alterations In the Constitution ol the Confederate States from the Constitution of the United States. Mr. T. M. S. Rhett, to whom the letter was address? ed, in a prefatory note says : "In conseqence of suggestions made to him-that the archives of the Confederate States, showing the forma? tion of its constitution, may never see the day, and that his statement, as made to me, had better be published now whilst the actors with him are alive and can correct misstatements, if any there be, he has at length consented to my publishing his letter CHARLESTON, S. C., April 15, 1867. My Dear Stuart-You request mc to inform you, whether I was not the author of all thc alterations in the Confederate States Constitu? tion, from thc Constitution of the United States ? I answer no; but as I was the author of a part of them, perhaps the most important part, I will briefly state what clauses in the Confederate States Constitution I am respon? sible for. You are aware, I presume, that I was ap? pointed by the Convent Ion the chairman of the Committee to Frame a Permanent Con? stitution for the Confederate States. The Southern States had seceded from thc United States on account ol one cause only the usurpations of the Northern States upon tlie Constitution of tho United States. Con? cerning the express powers granted by the constitution, there had been no contention. It was the Inferential constructive powers claimed by the Northern States for tho Gov? ernment of the United States, which the South? ern States had opposed as usurpations on the constitution, beginning with bank, alien and sedition laws, tariff and Internal Improve? ments; finally concluding with slavery and in sectionalism? We determined, therefore, to I make thc Constitution of ' the Confederate States simply the Constitu? ion of the United Suites, as Hie South had always interpreted its powers, with only such alterations as would remove ambiguity, and better carry out Its plain intents. The Soutli was always satisfied with the Constitution of the United States. When, by usurpation on the part of the North, this whole Instrument lost its character, and, from a limited government, the Government of the United Slates was clearly lapsing into a limitless despotism, the Southern States seceded. They determined, by the Constitu? tion of the Confederate States, to perpetuate the government transmitted to them by their lathers. Tilts is its whole purport The two great vital powers in all govern? ments arc the laying of taxes, and thc expen? diture of taxes. These powers decide thc character of every government, whether lt ls limited or unlimited, federal or consolidated; hence from the commencement of the Gov? ernment of thc United States strife arose as to the extent of Its powers. The one party, chiefly at the South, contended that power In the Constitution of the United Slates bestow? ed on Congress, "to levy and collect taxes, duties,'' &c., was merely for revenue to carry? on the Government of the United States. The other parly, chiefly at the North, contended that this power should be exercised for a dif? ferent and antagonistic purpose-to prevent importations on which taxes may be collected, ana thereby promoto and encourage different branches of Industry by giving them the mar? kets of the United States. The one party con? tended that the expenditure of the taxes should be limited to the exigencies of the Federal Government merely, within the ob? jects designated in the constitution. The other party contended that they should be ex? pended to promote the general Interest of commerce, and the indefinite general welfare of the United States. 1. At the head of the powers granted to Con? gress by thc Constitution of the United States, stands thc following clause : Sec. 8, Act 1 : M Thc Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, duties, Imposts and excises, to pay the debt and provide for the common de iencc and general welfare of thc United States." An attempt was made to alter the scope of this clause by taking away the comma at the word "excises," but on reference to the original manuscript of the constitution, the comma was shown to bc correct. Belore I went to the convention at Mont? gomery, I had prepared a book containing cer? tain amendments to the Constitution of the United States, which might be adopted hy? the Confederate States. That book was be? fore the committee which framed thc Pro? visional Constitution of the Confederate States. In that bookjfcc above clause from the Consti? tution of the Uulted States was modified as follows : "The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imports and excises, for revenue necessary lo pay the debts and carry on the Government of the Confederacy." The claus**. Hms modi? fied, was reported as a part of the Pro? visional Constitution, and adopted by the I convention. When the Committee on the Permanent Constitution took up this cia m for consideration, it was also adopted as a part of i this constitution, and reported lo the conven? tion. Of course, as lt had already been adopted by the convention in the Provisional Constitu? tion, lt met no opposition as a part of the Per? manent Constitution; but conferring with the members of the convention, I became satisfied that it would not accomplish the object ol' limiting taxation to the simple purpose of revenue. To accomplish Ihis object, when tho clause was under consideration in the conven? tion, I offered the following prohibition as an addition: "But no bounties shall be granted from the treasury, nor shall any duties or taxes on importations from foreign nations be made to promote or foster any branch of in? dustry."' This amendment was carried in the convention. So the clause In thc Confederate States Constitution, Act 1. Section 8, is as fol? lows: "The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, duties, Imports and excises for revenue necessary to pay the debts, pro? vide for the common defence, and carry ou the Government ol' the Confederate Slates; but no bounties shall be granted from the treasury, or shall any duties or taxes on Im? portations from foreign nations be laid to pro? mote or foster any branch of Industry." 2. The appropriation of money from thc Treasury ol the United States for the purpose ol'internal Improvements had been, for mort: than thirty years, one of the great disputed usurpations which the .South opposed, and hail been repeatedly arrested by thu vetoes of dif? ferent Presidents. It hatl been claimed chiefly under the power granted in the Constitution of the United States to Congress to "regulate commerce with foreigu nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes." When this clause was reported by the com? mittee In the permanent Confederate States Constitution, as it stands in the Constitution of the United States, and came up in the con? vention for consideration. Mr. Toomba, from Georgia, offreed the following amendment: "But neither this nor any other clause contain? ed in the constitution shall be construed to delegate the power to Congress to appropriate money for internal improvements, intended to facilitate commerce." I had prepared un amend? ment very much to the same purport, bul abandoned it, aud supported this offered by Mr. Toombs. Aller considerable debate, Mr. Toomba withdrew the amendment I Imme? diately arose and offered it ?us an amendment On the vote being taken, it was carried as a a part of the Constitution ol' the Confederate Stales, as folllows: "To regulate commerce with foreign na? tions and among the several States and with the Indian tribes: but neither this nor any other clause contained in thc constitution shall ever be construed to delegate the power to Congress to appropriate money for any in? ternal Improvement Intended to facilitate commerce." 3. But there was yet something more to be done with this clause to make it complete, A method ought to be provided by which our harbors and rivers might have their naviga? tion Improved. I accordingly drew up and read to the convention (its presentation at that time not being lu order,) the following addi? tional amendment : "Except for the purpose of furnishing lights, beacons and buoyn, and other aid to'navigation upon the coasts, aud thc improvement of our harbors, and the re? moving of obstructions in our river naviga? tion, in all which cases such duties shall oe laid on tlie navigation facilitated thereby, as may bc necessary to pay the cost and ex? penses/' After I had read this amendment to the con? vention and explained Its operation, Mr. Mar? shall, of Louisiana, came to my seat and ex? pressed his approbation of it, and asked me to let him take acopv of it for consideration. I told him to take the amendment and oller it himself, as an amendment to the constitution. He took it and the day after offered lt as an amendment to the constitution, and lt wus adopted. The whole clause, as modified, stands in the Confederate 8tates Constitution, Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3, as follows : "To regulate commerce with all foreign na? tions, and among the several States, and among the Indian tribes; but neither this nor any other clause contained In the constitution shall ever be construed to delegate the power to Congress to appropriate money for any in? ternal improvements, intended to facilitate commerce, except for thc purpose of furnlsh iug lights, beacons and buoys, and other aid to navigation upon thc coasts, and the improve? ment of our harbors, and the removing of ob? structions in our river navigation, In all which cases such duties shall be laid on the naviga? tion facilitated thereby as may be necessary to pay the costs and expenses." 4. The election of a President every four years, and the abusa of the official patronage of the government that the elections produced, were great evils under the Constitution of tho United States. Tlie re-ellgibllity of the Presi? dent was not. without danger, as the rc-eliglbl Ilty of the Consuls of Rome opened the way to the Roman Empire. I brought up this sub? ject before the committee preparing the con? stitution, and proposed the extension of the term of service of thc President aud vice President of the Confederate States to six years, and thnt the President shall be ineligi? ble to thc presidency after his tenn of service expired. But I submitted also to their con? sideration that the same end might be obtained by making the President Ineligible after an intervening term of service of six years had taken place. By this policy, the existing President would "luivc no motive to use his patronage lu the election, and the services of avery able'man might be obtained fora second term. This latter view was favored by the committee, and I reported the clnuse to the convention accordingly, with a six years ten? ure of office. But when lt came up' for con? sideration ui tlie convention. Mr. Boyce, of South C'aroliia, uijyved to strike out tlie condi? tional rc-eligibility. ?As this made the clause u* I had o?gJtur?ly proposed it in committee. I expressed by approbation of ir, and voted for it with tV majority whjatrAdopted,JL as fol? lows: ?'.Article rt, ^Seet?OsT t -The Executive shall be vested in ? J/resIdwit ot thc Confed? erate States. He and the vice-President shall hold their offices for thc term of six years," but the President shall not bc re-eligible". 5. To make ability and worth thu sole crite? rion for lu kling office, and to prevent the cor? rupt use of the official patronage of the Gov? ernment in elections, I offered In the commit? tee the 3d Clause, 2d Sec. Art. II, of the Con? stitution of the Confederate States, which was adopted by them, and. with unanimous consent, was also adopted by thc convention: "The principal offices in each of the 'executive' deparments, and all persons connected with I the diplomatic service, may be removed from office at the pleasure of the President; all other civil officers of executive departments may be removed at any time by the President or other power, when their services arc un? necessary, or for dishonesty. Incapacity, Inef? ficiency, misconduct, or neglect of duty: and, when so removed, the removal shall be report? ed to thc Senate, together with the reasons therefor." C. Amendments to the Constitution of the United States proved to be so difficult in the course of its administration before the war, that lt amounted to prohibition. Since the war, the Cuan try has been in a condition ol' revolution, and practically with no constitu? tion but the despotic will of n Congress of a part only of the States. I proposed In thc committee the filth article of the Confederate Stitefl Constitution which, both by them and Ute convention uiterwurds, was unanimously adopted as a pari of the Constitution of the Confederate States. If it had been a part of Hie Constitution of the United States, the vast discontent which preceded the wai' and made lt Inevitable, would have been easily arrested and allayed; mid the Slates assembled In con? vention would have settled amicably all their differences. It reads as follows: "Upon the demand of any three States, legally assem? bled In their several conventions, tlie Congress shull summon a convention of all the States, to take luto consideration such amendments of the constitution as thc said States shall concur in suggesting at the time when thc said demand is made; and should any of tho proposed amendments to the con? stitution bc agreed on by the said convention, voting by States, and the same bc ratified by the L?gislatures of two-thirds of the several States, or by conventions of two-thirds there? of-as the ono or the other mode of ratifica? tion may be proposed by the General Conven? tion-they shall thenceforward form a part of this constitution: but no State shall, without its consent, be deprived of Its equal representa? tion in the Senate." I have (hus, I hope, satisfactorily answered your Inquiry. Yours, truly, R. BARNWELL RHETT. T. M. S. RHETT. THE BRAIN AND THE BODY. " Does Brain Work Shorten Life." Tho Providence Journal discusses this sub? ject in a very able and sensible manner. It gives the following Interesting facts to prove that men In our country are not killing them? selves with too much brain work. It says : In the first place, there is good reason for doubting, or at any rate there ls no good prc if that mental diseases, or diseases of the brain, are more prevalent In this than in other coun? tries. It Is generally thought so, and it mav possibly be true; but the only proof of lt that can be given is a general Impression that it ls so, un Impression whose only foundation Isa general inference from a few facts, the very weakest of all proof. But there ls important evidence upon the subject, which ls available. It is the average age of those who die. In various occupations and professions in this country. In the State of Massachusetts these records have been kept for twenty-five years, so that thc number ol' facts has become sufficient to make the re? sults Important anil valuable as evidence. We find, in the report for 18(17, that in twen? ty-five years nearly the deaths of 35(1G profes? sional men had been reported, with an average agc of 50,5 years, and ?S?G merchants, finan? ciers, agents, ftc., with an average of 48.5 years. These averages are greater than those of any other class, except farmers and me? chanics working in the open air. The average age of active mechanics in shops is 47.9 years; of Inactive mechanics in shops, 43 years; ot laborers, 46.8 years; of factors laboring abroad, 34.2 years; of persons employed on the ocean, 45.5 years; of females, 88.7 years; of farmers, (?4.2 years, and of active mechanics working in open air, 51.2 years. There is nothing here to indicate that brain labor shortens Hie, and when we look at the individual professions the proof Is still more marked. Thus the average of those who died in some of the most important professions and occupations, was as follows: Bankers, 54.7 years; bank officers, 54.8 years; merchants, 53 years; booksellers, 50.5 years; clergvinen, 57.8 years; judges and Justices, 66.4 years; lawyers, 66.1 years; physicians, 56 yean; pro? fessors, 5G years; and public officers, 54.5 years. The average age of the whole number of persons who died in the twenty-five years, whose occupations were specified, was 50.5 years. It seems, then, thut bankers, mer? chants, clergymen, judges, lawyers, physi? cians and professors live longer than the aver? age of all classes of occupations, and very much longer than laborers or inactive me? chanics working in shops. Neither the hurry and excitement of bankers and merchants, uor thc severe mental labor of clergymen, Judges and lawyers, seem to shorten their lives. In fact, it will be noticed that the three profes? sions last named, whose occupation is wholiy brain labor, and of the most severe descrip? tion, are the very highest on the list of aver? age ages. IL is probablo that some merchants Injure themselves from too much devotion to, and more especially from too much anxiety about, their business; and it is possible that some? times a student or professional mau may in? jure himself by severo mental labor lu this country, though we cannot recall a well au? thenticated case of the kind. Thc truth la we have but few hard stulenh in this^ountry, and our students and profes? sional men are killed, not by too much labor of the brain, but by too little labor of the body not by too much food for the mind, but bv too' much food for thc stomach. Many more are injured by excessive in? dulgence of the bodily passions and appetites than by excessive indulgence in literary labor. Tobacco and alcohol produce far more soften? ing of the brain and disease of the heart among students In this country than close application to their studies. A healthy mind in a healthy body is capable of an almost unlimited amount of labor without injury; but if the body is broken down by excess or by neglect, the mind suffers with lt, and both fall together. VP IN A BALLOON. A Woman Give? her Experience. Mrs. Charles Wise, wife of the aeronaut, made a balloon ascension with him the other day, at Lancaster. She writes : When my husband announced that he would sell the vacant seat in his balloon chariot, "Ju? piter," I resolved to be the highest bidder, though lt should be a thonsand dollars; when he very gravely suggested to me about the Say, having, as he he said, two cash offers of fty dollars each. I told him mine was a hun? dred dollars-poid in advance by numerous charges against him for darning stockings and sewing on his buttons for ten years past. From this he made no appeal, but said, "all right, you shall go." At ten minutes past four o'clock on Satur? day afternoon, Jupiter being sufficiently infhv ted, I stepped into , the wicker car thereto at? tached, and with ?'throb of delight loomed up over the centre of the city. The multitude below, with upturned faces-the rattling sound ot martial music-the shouts of ap? plause-and tho earth with all its life, gra duallv sinking down - down-down-still deeper down, excited me very much, and I Involuntarily began to wave my kerchief In response to the nappy salutations of my good friends below. My husband handed me the talismanic flag to wave, while he would throw overboard bal? last composed of bundles ol'business circulars, and up, up we went nt a glorious rate. My replies to his questions for awhile were only "Splendid ! splendid !" My heart was palpi? tating with joy over the beauties spread out beneath and around, so that I could do nothing but gaxe upon the grand scene before me. When we got beyond the built-up part of the city, I ventured my head through the barrier of ropes to look straight down, and beneath I spied what seemed a nice little Christmas gar? den, with little buildings in the middle, which iny husband told me was Franklin and Mar? shall College, and lust at this moment a milk? like vapor rushed down before and under? neath us, entirely obscuring the world below. All at once ray Joy and observation changed to a feeling of amazement-amazement most profound. Ol), what a solemn silence sur? rounded us. It was an awfully mysterious thing to me, how thia heavenly curtain of dew? drops could so suddenly wrap Itself all around us. The big puffed-up globe above our heans, scarcely visible, seemed to bend and stagger with this load of vapor weighing upon lt. Presently a cheerful, mellow glimmer of light came from above, which cheered us again into conversation. Herc Mr. W. threw overboord a considerable bundle of business cards, and as they scattered through this illuminated cloud they crackled like little torpedoes. I wondered what caused lt. Mr. W. said: "li sounds like electric sparks." As they floated about, they shone like silver and gold. Presently we came out at the top of this cloud and herc again came a new scene. How beautifully strange up here-great big masses of white, soft-looking, fleecy clouds below. Oh, they looked as soft and silky as the finest down, and they rolled about, as it were, in a wanton voluptuousness. "But, where arc we now-we arc entirely partitioned off; how will we get down ?" Mr. w. said: "I will take you down now; but before we go, let us eat a bite or our provisions, kindly furnished us by our friend, John Sides. "No, Indeed," sttld I, "tills ls a roast of rea? son; I can only feast with my eyes." But, to please him, 1 atc a few grapes off a bunch placed in the car by John Adams, which he was devouring with a gusto that indicated a keen appetite, as he also got out of the basket a roasted fowl to regale himself with. While In this solemn stillness I was suddenly startled. "Oh, what was that?" Mr. W. said: "I let off some gas to go down." When the valve snapped shut, lt cracked like a gun, and made me tremble for a moment-lt made such a strange noise up there. Now we gently and softly sank down through this fleecy beti below; In its mist lt was more dark this time, and as we carat! out gradually below, I saw the city as behind a thin gossa? mer curtain, and now came such a clattering of Iron wheels, anti puffing ol' steam engines, and ringing of bells, contrasting strangely with the bright, silent world above the clouds. Here we could see the beautiful Susquehan? na, and here and there a village peering from behind a dark cloud, and the people below hallooing all around us, and I heard a voice distinctly cry, "Charley, come down, down come down-come down !" We repeated those cloud scenes five or six times, going up and down, and I was almost led to believe that when wc shall change from mortality to immortality, it will be our happy destiny to soar through* the realms of space, visiting, on spiritual wing, tills globe; for the good book tells us that, "In my Father's house there are many mansions," and I verily toit when I was way up above the clouds, that I was in the house of God-It was so solemnly grand and sublime. PERSONAL GOSSIP. -Rev. Michael Ferran, pastor of thc Catho? lic church In Lynchburg, Va., was found dead In his bed at the parsonage In that city on Thursday last. -The heir of the Huntingdon estate in Eng? land, value ?40,000,000, has turned up in New Jersey, and intends immediately to wrest lils ancestral possessions from the hands of base pretenders. -Robert Wehrhan, thc Saxon engineer to whom the Chilian Government has ceded Juan Fernandez, has taken possession of the island with lils colony of sixty or seventy^nd made a settlement. - -"Mrs. vice-President Colfax has come out with tho whole weight of her moral influence against the pannier. She thinks the pannier the proper furniture of a donkey." If it ls, why the "doose" don't Schuyler wear one ? -It is said that during her recent trip through France, Eugenie endured thirty-one speeches, twenty-three receptions and presen? tations, eight grand dinners and banquets, two reviews, aud about two hundred and filly gun salutes from the fleet alone, four displays of fireworks, and over eight thousand petitions. And yet she still lives? If this sort ol'thing goes on much longer, she will pass into his? tory as Hie cast-iron Empress. -A Chinaman named Tye Kinn recently ar? rived ut Omaha on his way round the world. He went from China to Eugland seven years ago by way of the Cape of Good Hope, and studied tour years at Cambridge. Ho after? ward directed a coolie plantation in Cuba until the revolution broke out, when he went to New Orleans and opened a school. He ls now on his way to China to engage a thousand laborers for a Louisiana sugar-planter. -Slr George Bowyer, in a letter to the Lon? don Timos, mentions an anecdote of the late Bishop of Exeter. "Before I became a Roman Catholic (Sir George writes,) ho used frequent? ly to consult me on matters of canon law, <fec. In one of our conferences, more than twenty years ago, he used these words : 'The Irish Church must go. It is doomed, and nothing can save it, and if we don't keep clear of it we shall go too.' He has Just lived long enough to have his prophecy fulfilled." -Thc story goes that a deputy marshal, who has been looking for Mr. Fisk, Jr., for some days, foun.l him Wednesday at tho Opera house, and served tho capias which he had for him. Mr. Fbk was very kind, and blandly In quired whether the deputy wished to serve a paper on any one eise in that quarter. He replied that he had one for Mr. Gould. 'Til step in and see if he is here," said Fisk. The deputy waited an hour, but either Mr. Fisk had a difficulty in finding Gould, or. he must have forgotten his engagement. -The Liberte relates the following incident concerning the visit of the Prince Imperial to the fete of St. Cloud: '?Having observed a poor little acrobat of about twelve years old treated with neglect by the crowd, the Prince stepped up to him, and, putting a piece of twenty francs in his hand, said softly, 'Keep that, but say nothing about it,' and then re? joined his young friends. On the return of the party to the palace thc Empress said to the Prince, 'I suppose you have spent a good deal of money ?' 'I have expended twenty-seven francs,' was thc reply. That, in fact, was the sum which thc Prince had laid out, including the present to thc poor boy." -A correspondent of the London Times has seen Count Bismarck at a military review, and describes him as a man of great statue and size, dressed in a plain dark frock with yellow facings, and wearing the high boots, ponder? ous helmet and long straight sword of the cuirassiers. He was mounted on a powerful black horse, and during the review General Von Moltke, the strategist, stood near him. He was thin, bent and worn, while Count Bis? marck was bold and stern of aspect, the lar? gest man on the field, looking fully capable of upsetting In combat a brace of cuirassiers. To thc Englishmen he knew or who were pre? sented to him, he was very cordial, addressing them In excellent English. -Madame George Sand ls an elderly lady with a peculiar physiognomy, a face that at? tracts your attention immediately. This famous painter of the passions, the high priestess of thc free-love sect, is a curious study. Her physique does, not betray her age. Her hair is thick and dark, although she Is past sixty-five, and is worn In puffed braids. Her forehead Is wide, but retreats, ; while her eyes are very large, limpid ano! dark, suggesting the idea of absorption. She has a delicate, soft, white hand, that bestows thc gentlest sort of a shake when you arc in? troduced. She dresses in a heavy black silk without trimmings; a rich point lace collar and cuffs of antique pattern relievo the som? berness. A black Cashmere shawl, bordered with a deep guipure flounce, was over her shoulders, and a neat cap, with a tea rose on top, completed her attire. Madame Sand sel? dom takes the initiative in conversation, hut when she speaks, torrents of eloquence flow from her mouth in fine, round accents, lend? ing additional Interest to any subject. She is a great admirer ot jewelry, and deems "gold turned from Its true purpose when sent to the mint, for such fafry-like creatures can be cre? ated out of the metal." Sp cnn Notices. ?&~ PUBLIC SCHOOLS-EXAMINA? TION OF TEACHERS.-The Regular Quarterly Examination of candidates for the office of Teach? er In the Public Schools will be held at the Nor? mal School, St. Phillp street, on SATURDAY, 16th instant, commencing at 9 o'clock A. M. Applicants aro requested to be present punc? tually at the appointed hour. By order of the Board. E. MONTAGUE (?RIMKE, Secretary Commissioners Free Schools. octl? 5_ pSr A CARD.-A CLERGYMAN, while residing In South America as a Missionary, discovered a safe and simple remedy for the cure of Nervous Weakness, Early Decay, Disease of thc Urinary and Seminal Organs aud the whole train of disorders brought on by baneful and vicious habits. Great numbers have been cured by this noble remedy. Prompted by a desire to benefit the afflicted aud unfortunate, I will send the recipe for preparing and using this medicine, in a scaled envelope, to any one who needs lt, free of charge. Address JOSEPH T. INMAN, Station D, Bible House, ocU amos*_New York City. pa- BATCHELORS HAIR DYE.-THIS splendid Hair Dye ls thc best In the world; the only true and perfect Dye; harmless, reliable, In stantaneous; no disappointment; no ridiculous tints; remedies thc ill effects of bad dyes; In? vigorates and leaves the hair soft and beautiful black or brown. Sold by all Druggists and Per? fumers; and properly applied at Batchelors Wig Factory, No. - Bond street, New York. mayl5 lyr_ ??H-THE GREAT SOUTHERN REMEDY. JACOB'S CHOLERA, DYSENTERY AND DIAR? RHOEA CORDIAL.-This article, so well known and highly prized throughout the Southern States as a Sovereign Remedy for the above diseases, ls now offered to the whole country. lt ls invaluable to every lady, both married and single. No family can afford to be without lt, and none will to whom Its virtues arc known. For sale by all Druggists and general dealers. DOWIE & MOISE, octll 3mosn&c_General Agents. "^.ROSAD ALIS.-DEAR SIR Please send me immediately, per Express, to Tar? oon),' two dozen more bottles of your ROSADA LIS. I have carefully examined its Formula, and have used it In my practice in a number of cases. 1 am well pleased with lt. I think lt, beyond doubt, the best Alterative I ever used. I have tried lt In several cases of Scrofula and Scofulous affec? tions, ftc, with much satisfaction to myself and patients. I have, therefore, no hesitation In re? commending lt to Physicians and others, as thc most reliable alterative now known. Respectfully yours, A. B. NOBLES, M. D. For sale by GOODRICH, WINNEMAN A CO., Importers of Drugs and Chemicals, Charleston. South Carolina. _octfl atiuli3 ^.THE EXHAUSTED SYSTEM.-SUM? MER ls a debilitating season, and the sudden change of temperature which takes place at this period of the year linds the healthiest of us con slderably cuervated by the preceding heat, and the weakly and delicate almost prostrated. This is not a favorable condition in which to encounter thc raw cold winds of October and Its chilling fogs and night dews, and consequently Intermittent fever, dysentery, bilious attacks and rheumatism are more or less prevalent everywhere, but espc cially In localities where the atmosphere ls natu? rally unwholesome. In order to avoid the dan? gers arising from these causes, the exhausted sys? tem should now be renovate 1 and invigorated by a course of HOSTETTER'S STOMACH BITTERS. This purest and most pot' nt of all vegetable tonics and exhilarants regulates thc secretions while it renews the strength, and purdies thc milds of the body, while lt gives firmness and vigor to thc nervous organization. Free from thc unpleasant flavor which reudcrs the ordinary touics so repulsive, composed of extracts and Juices of the choicest vegetable Invigorants aud correctives, mingled with a diffusive stimulant from which every noxious clement has been ex? pelled, this renowned preparation ls, in all re? spects, the very best medicine of Its kind that the world has ever known. Such Is the opinion of distinguished members of the medical profession, and the general verdict of the public, after an ex? perience of twenty years, during which HOSTET? TER'S BITTERS has attained a greater popularity and a more extensive sale than any specific ever advertised In the columns of the American press OCtll 6DAC Special Notices. ??r NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES.-THE Steamship PERIT is THIS DAY discharging cargo at Vanderhorst's Wharf. AU goods remaining on wharf--at sunset will be at risk of owner, or if stored, at expense and risk of owner or consignee. octl2 3 _RAVENED A CO., Agents. ^ALMOST GIVEN AWAY.-THE TRI-WEEKLY NEWS ls the cheapest country pa? per in South Carolina, and THE RURAL CAROLI? NIAN ls the best Agricultural Magazine ever pub? lished in the South. Price for TRI-WEEKI.Y NEWS and RURAL CAROLI? NIAN one year four dollars. pb-NOTICE. -ATTENTION IS CALLED to change of schedule of Steamer PILOT BOY, which will In future be: To Edisto, Rockville and Beaufort every MONDAY MORNING; to Savannah ria Beaufort every THURSDAY MORNING. Return* lng, will leave Savannah SATURDAY MORNING, at 7 o'clock. J. D. AIKEN A CO.V octa 6_ 03- A CARD.-SOUTHERN LIFB INSUR? ANCE COMPANY, ATLANTA DEPARTMENT. To THE PEOPLE OP SOOTH CAROLINA : The above Company was erganized In 186?, In consequence of the wholesale forfeiture of South? ern policies by Northern companies. The un? paralleled success of the enterprise has forced several of these companies to restore their South? ern policies, from the fact that they could not operate in our midst without the appearance of honesty. We keep all our money at home to build np our Impoverished country-every dollar of pre? mium being safely Invested In the State from which lt is derived. The institution ls purely Southern, and hence should appeal with great force to the patriotism and sympathy of every Southern heart ?Tis not our purpose to make war on other companies, bnt to exhibit the special advantages offered by this purely Southern Company-found? ed on patriotism and solid wealth. Its ratio of assets to liabilities-the true test of a company's strength-is second to none on this continent, being nearly $300 to $100. Whenever and wherever we have presented the* claims of this Company, lt has not only enlisted thc sympathies of our people, but has also secur? ed their hearty co-operation. We have secured 600 policies In South Carolina since the 10th of February. We number among our Directors General Wade Hampton and Colonel Wm. John? ston, gentlemen well known to every citizen of South Carolina. We appeal personally to the people of ?rathCrrollna to assist In pushing for? ward this? deservedly popular Southern institu? tion. * ' * J. H. MILLER, General Agent Southern Life Insurance Company, No. 23 Broad-street, Augusta, Ga. S. Y. TOPPER, Agent, Charleston, S. C. H. W. DRSAUSSURE, M. D., Medical Examiner. We cheerfully recommend the above Company, to the patronage of the citizens of South Caro? lina. COLUMBIA, 8. C.-J. S. Preston, J. P. Carroll, C. D. Melton, S. W. Melton, J. D. Pope. CAMDEN_J. B. Kersaaw, Wm. M. Shannon, W. E. Johnson. SUMTER.-John B. Moore. WINN8BORO'.-W. R. Robertson, J. B. McCants, James H. Rion. YORKVILLE.-W. B. Wilson, A. Coward, James Mason, L D. Witherspoon, J. R. Bratton, J. T. Lowry, R. G. McCaw. ANDERSON.-J. L. Orr. BARNWELL^-JOS. A. Lawton, James Patterson, Johnson Hagood. CLARENDON_Jno. L. Manning, T. C. Richard? son, Browne Manning. REFERENCES IN CHARLESTON. General JAMES CONNER, Messrs. PELZER, RODGERS A CO., JAMES H. WILSON, Esq., GEO. H. WALTER, Esq., LEWIS D. MOWRY, Esq. angl9 2mos pa- A NOTICEABLE FACT.-THAT ouc way of appealing to a man's reason is through h s eye. In these busy times men are so deeply Immersed In the conduct of magnificent projects, that they forget all about the condition of their systems, and hence it ls that the proprietors of the PLANTATION BITTERS, which cures dyspep? sia, purifies the blood, Improves the tone of the stomach, regulates the bowels, and, indeed, in? vigorates the whole inner man, arc so active In advertising. In fact, advertisements are merely sky-rockets sent up to attract attention to a really good article. MAGNOLIA WATER.-Superior to the best import? ed German Cologne, and sold at half the price. octi2 tuths3_ pf MANHOOD.-A MEDICAL ESSAY on the Cause and Cure of Premature Decline In Man, the treatment of Nervous and Physical De? bility, Ac. "There ls no member of society by whom thia book will not be found useful, whether such per? son hold's the relation of Parent Preceptor or Clergyman."-Medical Times and Gazette. Sent by mall on receipt of fifi y cents. Address the Author, Dr. E. DEF. CURTIS, Washington, D .C. septl lyr fl?tete. HARLESTON HOTEL, CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA. This first-class HOTEL, situated in a pleasant location, and in thc business portion of the city, renders it the most desirable Hotel for either per? manent or transient guests. Thc accommoda? tions are unsurpassed, having extensive suites of elegantly furnished apartments for families and single gentlemen. The proprietor will endeavor to maintain the high reputation enjoyed by the 'Charleston" as a first-class house, and no effort will be spared to deserve a continuance of the liberal patronage heretofore bestowed upoult. The best of Livery accommodations will be found adjoining ti<c establishment. The hoitse is supplied with the celebrated Arte? sian Water, of which delightful baths can be had either dav or night. E. Ii. JACKSON, juiyia Proprietor. c c OLUMBIA HOTEL, COLUMBIA, SOUTH CAROLINA, The Proprietors take pleasure In announcing this elegantly-furnished Establishment now open for the accommodation of guests. The table will always be supplied with every delicacy of the season, both from the New York and Charleston markets, and no efforts will bc spared to give perfect satisfaction in every respect to our pa? trons. FREE LUNCH In thc Refectory every day from ll uutil half-past 12. WM. GORMAN, j ,,r0ljrietor3 H. H. BADENHOP, J 1 roPrlelo? sept-23 imo B E CAREFUL WHAT MEDICINES YOU TAKE. When you are exhausted by overwork of head or hand, and feel the need of something invigorat? ing, don't drink whiskey or any Intoxicating thing, whether under thc name of Bitters or ot her wise. Such articles give Just as much strength to your weary body and mind as the whip gives to thc jaded horse, and no more. Alcoholic stim? ulants are injurious to nerve health, and are al? ways followed by depressing reaction. D0DD*S NERVINE AND INVIGORATOK : Is a Tonic and.gentle'stimulant, which is not at? tended by reaction. What it gains for you it maintains. When it refreshes body or mind, it refreshes with natural strength that comes to stay. We are not recommending teetotalism in the interest of any faction; but long and extend? ed observation teaches us that he who resorts to the bottle for rest or recuperation, will find, as he keeps at lt, that he is kindling a fire in his hones which will consume like the flames of perdition. Turn from it. Take a tonic that will refresh and not destroy. DODO'S NERVINE is for sale by all Druggists. Price One dollar. See book of certi? ficates that accompanies each bottle. June25 'mos