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The Daily Fews. SATUBDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 13, I860. IiKTTBH ^PROMG. MV. W. LETTE? NO. XI. LYONS! 1866.-Aa express train ,!from Paris to Lyons will convey you inderi hours three hundred miles through a picturesque arid interesting por? tion of France. On this route the soil is much better, and in a higher state of cultivation, than between Brest and Paris. I have seen nothing in France to compare with the barrenness of poverty stricken Brittany.? A traveller looks in vain for neat and comfortable farm-houses. Tho frequent wars in France made it necessary, in tho early j settlement of the country, for the inhabitants to j live in villages. The French are famous for cling? ing to pld habits. The farmers live in low houses, the stables, cow-stalls, and pig pens all under the same enclosures. Instead of a neat flower gar? den, a huge mass of manure is piled up m front of the door. The people generally look cheerless and comfortless, as if they found it hard work to keep soul and body together. As yon approach a town avenues of majestio poplars line the splen? did macadamized roads on each side, and you are Jjrepared to find stately mansions; but when you ook at these trees, nearly a century old, mount? ing more than a hundred feet in the air, and then see the .little eqaallid houpes, ten to twenty feet high, surrounded by scrubby weeping willows, it looks like descending fr op.. .the sublime to the ridiculous. \'-* On our route we passed through Burgundy and Champagne, the celebrated wine dis? tricts of France. Naar Dijon begins the chain of hills, averaging about : 1000 feet in height ; these are covered' with vineyards, which,ascend in, rows on tn? sunny sides of the hil|s, and eprsad alpng the table land on the summit.. The vines are planted,in trench? es two .feet:., apart, and are trained, on poles three to four- feet high. It is ?aid , the quality of tho grape improves with the age of the vine. The ?roung vines produce larger quantities, but of in? ferior quality. An acre of ground will yield about 400 gallons of wine. Potatoos, clover, grass and maize are intersperse^ with the vineyards, and the cherry, prune, almond and walnut trees are dot? ted over the fields. For. the red wine, grapes are thrown into troughs and are trodden by men and women with heavy wooden shoes 'til the grapes are broken. They are then transferred to vats, into which the juice of the grape, as it runs from the treading, had been Conveyed. Fermentation takes place generally in a few days; as it slackens the liquor begins- to; subside, and finally sinks ^jthjn the top of the vat. The stalks and skin of , the 'grape float on the top. The wine ie then drawn off into large hogsheads and barrels, but is not generally offered for: sale until it is two or three yearB old. The ohampagne wine ia made from a small but extremely sweet and d?flg?ous grape. ' The prepa? ration is much more difficult and expensive than that of the ordinary wines. After the .champagne ! is bottled, a second fermentation is produced by potting int3 each bottle a small glass of sugar candy dissolved in wine.' .The bottles are closely watched, and the temperature of the air carefully I ? regulated, often by the age of ice, to promote or ] check fermentation; ?fi.fls said at least ten per j cent, of the bottles buist from fermentation. The high price pf genuine ohampagne may be ac? counted forby the loria from breakage and the cost Of manufacture, acid'th? immense demand for it. - You seldom see the Frenchmen drinking champagne. The cheap claret and beer are their | constant drinks. As we proceed South, wc pass through a num? ber of fertile valleys, filled with orchards and green pastares, on which some fine herds of cattle and sheep are to be seen, and frequently immense flocks of geese anddtioke. 'You seldom see. chick? ens around the farm houses, but the splendid fat eow is the most comfortable looking animal in or out of the establishment. And now we are in the beautiful city of Lyens. Like the city of Charleston, it nestles between two rivers, the Rhone and the Saone. Lyons was founded about GOO, B. C. Few eitlen possess historical associations of auoh deep ?nd thrilling interest. Large silk manufactures were established here as: early as 1150. It was here that the Roman Catholics and Protestants: carried on a war ia the sixteenth century, which was only exceeded in atrocity by the French Revo? lution of 1793. At that period Lyons was the scooted city in France in size and pcpulatieu, and Sperior to Paris1 in commerce and manufactures,, 1793 the Jacobins, under Chalier, made, an ' attack on Lyons; the merchants and manufactu ? rers united with the royalists, and, after great slaughter on both' sides, were victorious. The notorious Cnalier was oap tur od, and the guillo? tine, which.he had sent from Paris to destroy his enemies, was Used in severing bis own head. This only the more excited the Jacobins, who were led on ?by auch bloodthirsty men as Robespierre, Tl Marat, Oalet d'Her bois, Fochie, and others. 11 Thc National Convention ordered Kellermann, commander of the Jacobin troops, to concentrate \ his forces around Lyons. The loyalists, priests, and royal families.had fled, Jo Lyons from Paris and from all quarters. The city was under the command of Pi'eoy, who, with 80,000 citizens and refugees; gallantly defended it for more than two months, v Lyons was not surrendered .until 40,000 had perished by shot, shell and fire. The royal forces were reduced to a few thousand, their am-' munition exhaust'd; famine and disease arrested the power of all further resistance. Preoy, with 8000. of his - brave comrades, made their "escape from the city, but were pursued, and the moat of them slain. The total annihilation of Lyons ws,s decreed by the National Convention, and faith? fully carried out. It was ordered that the very name of the city should perish, and it should i henceforth be knownas tho Free City. A monti- j ment w\s erected amid the ruins, with tho int erip- ? tion : "Lyons t?ok'up arms against Liberty-Lv ons is BO more." Th? Jacobina, after the fall bf j the city, to further eurage thu soldiers, exhibited i in tho streets an urn containing the ashes of Ohalier. "Cbalier," exclaimod Fouche, "The Mood; of the aristocrats shall be the incense we [ will offer you. We have sworn that the people shall be avenged, and all that vice and crime have erected shall be destroyed. The traveller shall I behold, in.thoruins of this superb and rebellious j city, naught save a few huts inhabited by tho friends of equality." More thau 20.0Q0 men were employed for weeks ' in destroying Lyons. The priaons? dungeons and cellars were filled to overflowing with the citizens and .the royal families who had taken refuge in the city. The guillotine was kept at work night and day, until the public aquire became so flood? ed with human blood that the Terrorist Chiefa, fearing to rouse tho sensibility of the people, de> oided ou a wholesale massacre. The prisoners were conveyed on the oppoaido of the Rhone. As they, marched through the streeta in chains, to the place of execution, they united in singing: "To die for one's country I? the happiest and most enviable fate." They were placed in 'long lines of a hundred each and mowed down with grape and musketry ThoBe who caenped immediate doath were charged upon by tho cavalry, and with the horses'feet, sa? bre and pistol shots, were alain to the last victim Their bodies were thrown into tho Rhone. Thus perished the flower ami youth of Lyona, and thoae who had taken reluge from the surrounding coun try. Tho clergy, nobility, citizona aud tradesmen, all who oppoaed Jacobinism, shared asimilar fate The Reign of Terror wa, at itB height. Reaaon, religion and justice had fled. Tho teachings ot "the Jacobins were, that all things were'admiasa -ble to those who acted in tuc spirit of the revolu? tion (or the devil). From those who- opposed them, life, property and everything wai to be taken. The rich *ore to bo striped ot- th . wealth under the plea of replenishing the Nation? al Treasury, i. e , iheir own lustful pockets. All forms of worship were abolished. The Hornau Catholic was as obnoxious as thc Protestant. Tho Republican's God waa bia country 1 Fouche, ou | enterin? the city, issued tho following proclama? tion . "AH those who favored rebellion in any ' manner havo forfeited their heads to the block. If vou are patriots .\ou will be able to distinguish1 vour friends; you will tcquestrato all others-let I no consideration st-.-p you, neither ago, sex nor | relationship. Take by foroo all that a oitizen has ! that is superfluous for any man to have; more than lio requires ia an abuse. Extirpate all forms of worship; elevate the Temple ol Reason. Aid us 1 in striking these great blows, or we shall our? selves strike you. What a pity Butler and Brownlow were not born in France instead of America. They are as full of the Jacobin spirit as Robespierre or Fouche. There aro men now living in Lyons who witnoseed the horrid massacre of. IVJd. They have seen the beautiful city which ?as levelled to tho ground, and the plowshare ordered to pass over its edifices, spring again into life and prosperity. So may it be with the deBOlated cities of our.own Snuny South ! one of the mosi/,i"?F??"??? miuwercnu ann manu? facturing cities of Franco. There aro 8000 estab? lishments for the manufacturo of silk, employing 30 OOO looms. In the manufacture of Bilk Lyons oui-passes any city in Europe. The weavers are a boisterous set. In 1834 there was a revolt amongst them, and they held the city for several days. They were put down by the military, but not until several thousand were killed. It was found for a long time necessary to keep a standing army in Lyons of 30,000 to preserve order. A large num? ber of the male operatives have gone into the army, and the women have taken their places at the looms, and are not so difficult to manage. A aommercial tribunal has been established, com? posed half of masters and half of workmen, to settle .disputes respecting wages, &o. This coun? cil has been found to work well. From the Ob jervatory you have a magnificent view of the city md surrounding country, and I waa told we jould see Mont Blane; there was, however, too nuoh smoke arising from the, faotory chimneys to iee a hundred miles in the distance. In Lyons I hear the familiar buzz of the mos Etitoes, and feel their friendly embrace; I am us keenly reminded Of my own sunny home. ?_- _G. W.jW. C. PJLEISTGKK, No. 37 Broad Street, BEOS TO INFORM HI8 FRIENDS AND THE PUB? LIC generally that he has now a full STOCK of FALL AND WINTER GOODS, SUCH AS: TRENCH, ENGLISH AND AMERICAN OAS8I MER?S, SILK "VELVETS, CASSIMERE VEST? INGS, ENGLISH AND FRENCH BROADCLOTHS, DOE8KIN, AND - BUSINESS COATINGS, OF WHICH HE OFFERS SUITS AT $40. ALSO, A COMPLETE ASSORTMENT OF FURNISHING GOODS, ? CONSISTING 07: JAMB'S WOOL1 AND MERINO UNDERSHIRTS, CANTON FLANNEL DRAWERS, ENGLISH SOCKS, ALEXANDERS' KID GLOVES. He wpnld call special attention to the' popular and Ine fitting STAR SHIRT, OF WHICH HE HAS A FULL ASSORTMENT. October 8 6 AT THB OLD AND WELL KNOWN STAND OT Edgerton & Richards, Io, %% BR??B-ST?EET. rHB SUBSCRIBES BEGS TO INFORM HIS FRIENDS a?d tfce PuMte generally fast he ls now rwesving ils stock of FALL AND WIN?1S GOODS, CONSISTING or: LACK AND COLORED CLOTHS Jsok and Fanoy Cassimeres in great variety of stylos ?aver and Pilot Cloths lam and Figured Velvet, Silk and Oassimero Vestings All of which are of the ?est Fereign anfl Domestic Mannfactnre. I take pleasure in informing the Pnblio that having ?cured the services of one of THE BEST CUTTERS i the country, who, from his extensive experience both I, i Enrope and America, 1B prepared to guarantee a flt i all. As Successor of Edgerton & Richards, wonld inform the old patrons of tho establishment nt I have their MEASURE BOOKS, ill Orders from their,Former Customers AT A DISTANCE WITH SATISFACTION. J. S. PHILLIPS. October 8 lm GOODBICH, WINEMAN & WI No. 153 MEETING STREET, rOKMEULY JOHN ASHHUHST AND CO.) EORGE C. GOODRICH, ) HILIP WINEMAN, > SOUTH CAROLINA. OHN ASHHUR9T, j ?TTE HAVE NOW ON HAND A COMPLETE ASSORT VV MENT OF CHOICE DRUGS, CHEMICALS, 3PA.T.3STTS, OIL?, GLASSWARE INSTRUMENTS, AND PATENT MEDICINES. ?LL OF WniClI HAS BEEN SELECTED WITH CARE, AND WILL BE SOLD TO FIRST-CLASS BUY ERS AT LOWEST PRICES. October ll [August 1] Cmos ?STE?W STOCK WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. rnHE SUBSCRIBER TAKE3 PLEA8URE TO AN X NOUNOifi to the pubiio of t ils Oity and ita Ticin ity, that he has just received hie stock of STAPLE AND FANCY DRY GOODS, Which he will offer at a small advanoe on Northern cost. The aaportment ooniprisea every articlo, and is very extensive-consisting of: Dress Goods Blankets Flannels a Shawls, ?fee.? tfec. The attention of Merchant Tailors is particularly called to his large Stock of MEDIUM AND VERY FINE Freuet1 Broaflclotlis and Castores ! He also calla the attention of Miliners to his very large Stock of RIBBONS ARTIFICIALS, ami HATS, OF THE LATEST STYLES. All of which he is prepared to offer at KEW TOBE WHOLESALE PRICES ! Merchants from the Country will And it to their advantage to look through his Stock, as he is prepared to hold out inducements? LEV? DR?CKER, No. 306 KING ST., BETWEEN WENTWORTH AND SOCIETY. , October 2 _lm0 . JOHN S. FAIRLY.. BUTLEDGB WlttSON. JOHN S. FAIRLY & CO., WHOLESALE DEALERS Iff FANCY GOODS, WHITE GOODS, HOSIERY, GLOVES, Furnishing Goods, &c, INVITE THE ATTENTION OP RETAIL MERCHANTS IN THE OIT? AND THROUGHOUT THE COUN? TRY, to their complete assortment of the above men- I tioned Goods, now being opened at I NO. 37 OAYNE-STREET, THU OLD STAND OF MESSRS. HYATT, MoBURNBY. A 00. Tneir Steck ha? boen aeleated wita great oare ? and a thoroagh knowledge of tko wants of t he t?o*theft people, acuuired during many years exparlince aa bn sileas tn taft tity.i. ? Onrbwinasa mom will bo Quick Sales and Shor t Profits. ?BOERS TJU BE OABBF?LLY AUB PSOMFILY FO/BED. JOHN S. FAIRLY & GO. The adbrsriber ta pnrtfeotariy deatoo? rf i?ewtot business relations (with the customers o? his ol? bouse, MARSHALL, BURSE A CO. October 4_2mo_J. 8. FAIRLY. FALL GOODS. TSE SUBSCRIBER HAS OPENED A COMPLETE tito'ck of FAJULJ DEE88 AND TO WHICH THE ATTENTION OP PURCHA? SERS IS RESPECTFULLY SOLICITED. JAMES B. BETTS, 3STO. SSS KINQ-STRBE?T, Octobor8_^ 13 Fall and Winter We are offering a large and attractive stock of PALL AND WINTER DRY GOODS, which Ls now complete, embracing a Lange sto?k of WOOLLEN GOODS, adapted to Planters' use. With out1 facilities for the pur? chase of Goods, our long expe? rience in the Southern trade, and knowledge of the wants of our people, we confidently ask an examination of our Stock. W. T. BURGE & CO., IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS, No. 45 Ha vue st. September ia MOSES GOLDSMITH & SON, NOS. i, HAND 8 VENDUE R/NGE, Wn0-LPALEDEALERS IN IRON, METALS,WOOL, Will Ee,et Wa*' Cottc'" llIld Stores. irtiPlM v. bI?bcst Cil?h priro for any ot the above ?iONHrT.K.!fP,coi8tantly on lwul as assortment of .VND i'WlNfc'* 111 <s' uao- A,R0- ROPE, BAH UNG .xxv ?wiA?, tuths3moH July 2* As CA. TEE CHAELESTON HOUSE, No. 287 KING-STBEET. STOLL, WEBB & CO, WHOLESALE DEALERS IN FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC DEY GOODS. WE HAVE NOW OPENED AND ARE ABLE TO SHOW A. LARGER STOCK than we have ever done before. We would call special attention of the Merchants and Plant? ers; visiting our City to lay in Pall Supplies to OU? WHOLE? SALE BOOMS, which we have recently enlarged and atted up. mm D?8IBABLB GOODS adapted to COUNTBY 8TOBE8. Also, ^Mg??H^ Freedmen, benldefl the privilege of selecting"all of the-finer olasses?of Gooda fro? our retaU stock, whichwe*fl, OUTlTp?TTERN?l tosnit phasers, and will guarantee to sell all Goods aa oheapaaanyhouseinthecl?}, FNRB.-T? FA0TOB8.-We would call the attention of Factors doing.h^ln^B tothe^Ity to our extensive stock, of PLANTATION GOODS, assuring them of every accommodation that the TIMER wUTaUow. WelriU take plewnre ?i showing our stock to any one that will call on ns, assuring them of every attention. Very respectfully, . ' . STOLL, WEBB & CO., ? AT BANCROFT'S OLD STAND, No. 287 KINfl-STBEET; October 9 tntha <; FASHIONABLE BOOT AND SHOE STOER JOHUST WALLACHi 3STO. SSO KIXTC* ST., OPP. BOOTS, SHOES, TR?NKsTv?LISES, ETC, AT BETAIL : TTAVING RECENTLY EET?BNED PBOM THE NORTH, WITH A NEW, LARGE AND VARIED BTOOB; OF BOOTS, SHOES, TRUNKS, VALISES, &c, I am prepared to favor all who may pay me a visit with Goods as cheap as the oheapest. Taere will slwava hu found on hand, a large assortment of Ladies and Gentlemen's i . ? . ; ' CUSTOM MADE BOOTS AND SHOES. , Also, JjADrE8', MISSES' and CHILDREN'S BOOTS/SHOES AND GAITERS always on hand. I [ would also call special attention to mj assortment of * TRAVELLING TRUNKS AND VALISES, I Being fully asaired that my Stock cannot be surpassed by any dealer in this or any olty South. D?LA3SrTA.TI03ST SHOES AND BOOTS, FOK 4sEN, WOMMJlf AWD CHILDREN. No means or expense have been snared to.aub? my present Steok one of the most attractive: and.. as all the goods have been eelooted by myself inperson, I can'warrant satisfaction to all who may givemeaoall. ?"Do NOT FORGET THE NUMBER.*?* No. 260 KING STREET, OPPOSITE BEAUFAIN. t?r Mesera. G. B. GIBSON and O. A. SPEI8?3EGGER would be happy to see their friends at the abotji establishment. .tttthj ??ns _ _ Ojotofe? i CHOICE FAMILY SOCEEIES. YATES M BRO, No. 449 KING-STREET, IFOTTiR IDOO?IS ISIOiRTl? OP OALHOU3ST,, jg^EEP CONSTANTLY IN STORE A FOLL AND WELL SELECTED STOCK OF OHOIOB FAMILY OROOERIBB, AliBS, WINES, LIQUORS, ?SBO., WHICH THEY ARE SELLING AT REASONABLE PRICES. GOODS PURCHASED FROM ?8 WILL BE DELIVERED TO ALL PARTS OF THE CITY, RAILROAD DEPOTS, &c, WITHOUT ADDITIONAL EXPENSE. LIBERAL INDUCEMENTS OFFERED TO THE TRADE, AT THE SIGN OF THE "BIG PITCHER." stuth amos Octobe? C FAMILY GROCERIES! WILLIAM S. COBWIN & CO., WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN CHOICE FAMILY GROOEEIES. AND IMPORTERS OF * FINE WINES, BRANDIES, TEAS, SEGARS, ETC. NO. 259 KING STREET, OPPOSITE HASEL, CHARLESTON, AND No. 900 Broadway, New York. -o WS CORWIN & 00. RESPECTFULLY INFORM THEIR FR. ENDS AND CUSTOMERS THAT BT BEOENT . arrivals they have received a NEW AND COMPLETE ASSORTMENT OF FAMILY GRO0ERIE8, and are now prepared to supply the public at WH0LE8ALE OR RETAIL, at tho lowest market prices. The W?U7?"2T Goods ami tho prices ueod no cominont, as the consumer is better able to judge of both quality and pries. ?n?"f lt to say lhat we IMPORT all our TEAS, WINES, BRANDIES, and everything of foreign growth and nian'i'Mrare, and are nut only able to dispose of thom at REASONABLE PRICES, but eau assure thu purchasor that "6? *T not taraperod with by passing through SEVERAL HANDS, as ls the custom before reaching tho retail ae?ier,wia we think we are safe In saying that too QUALITY of our articles CANNOT BE EXCELLED, OB THE MORE SATISFACTORY. Atrialand comparison will at once provo this assertion, and it only remain? mr we public to JUDGE FOR THEMSELVES. Tue Stook embraces everything undor tho head of FJSLMILTT QBOOBBIB? GOODS DELIVERED TO ALL PARTS OF THE CITY, RAILROAD DEPOTS AND STEAMBOATS. FEEE OF 5XPENSEI ---?0 'NOTIOE.-E. E. BEDFORD, J. 0. R. TAYLOR and WM. H. WELCH cordially iuvita Iheir friends to No.; 269 assuring them that a call will not incur the least obligan to purchase. thstu _August ?a S. T, ROBINSON & SON, FACTORS AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS, ACCOMMODATION WHARF, Charleston,, 8- C. S. T, ROBINSON, JOHN ROBINSON. ?ATE OF CALDWELL 4 KOiilNSON. I Septembers stuth'Jmos . J REEVE GIBBES, FACTOR AND COMMISSION MERCHANT No. 2, Comer Broad and Cliurcili sis., AND No. 7 Faiiderltorst's Wharf. ?B* Orders and consignments of COTTON, BIOEi NAVAL STORES, PROVISIONS, PRODUCE, &C" so? licited amo goptember 25