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INSUR The Initial and Ultim ari? John Edmund M'Laugl Thc management of life insurance companies is a subject that is today being thought of und discussed more than any financial problem that ever occupied tho minda of American peo ple. Recent events have caused men in ali walks of lifo to como to the reali zation that life insurance ia not a lux ury, but a positive uoccHsity. That in order to keep apace with the pres ent strenuous time one must put a valuo on the number of yearn that aro allotted to him in which to engage in his chosen vocation, and that after determining this value, ho sees tho neoessityof protecting his interest in the world of finance against any pos sible abridgement of theso years, hence life insuranoe is looked upon from a practical standpoint. The American people feel that they have a personal interest in tho com panies that oarry their protection and are naturally concerned in tho man* agementof these companies. It is for this reason that tho sub ject of the cost of carrying life insur ance is particularly interesting to every one at the present time and oan be discussed most profitably. All lifo insurance, whether it bo fraternal, co-operative, assessment or old line, is based on experienced mor tality tables. The old line companies base their business on the American Experience Mortality Table, which has been in vogue since tho organi sation of the first old line aompany. This tablo shows that out of 1,000 in surable men, at the age of 35, 8.95100 will die during tho first year, hence if there aro 1,000 men insured for $1,000 each, at tho age of 35, it will require $8,050 to pay tho death loss of that year, so old lino companies take ss a basis for their premiums on each 11,000 of insuranoe, $8.95 as a mortuary fund. Bet tho next year and eaoh suc ceeding year, as the insured grows older, there wiii be a larger propor tion of these thousand that will die and it will require more than the $8.95 to moot tho death loss. To meet this contingency, old lino insuranoe com panies have established what is known aa a "reserve fund," whioh sum with the mcrtuiry fscd, compounded *t 3 per cont interest for the number of years allotted to a min at a given age ?ill sit?? np tho face of the pol icy. Carrying tho example farther; 1,000 men insured for $1,000 each will re quire a payment by the company of ?3,000,000. At age of 35 a man's allotment, expeotanoe of life, is 31.78 100 years. To create this, reserve fund a' sum is . figured at 3 per osnt compounded interest for the 31.78 1C0 years. In the example, this sum is $12.88 for esoh $1,000 of insuranoe, or $12,880 for the 1,000 men, whioh :ANCE. ate Cost of Life Insur 3G, ilin in Atlanta Journal. i sum figured at thc rate per cent given, together with the mortuary fund, will give tho required sum of $1,000,000. This is the net cost of carrying insur ance without a cent beiug charged for I expenses. Thc expenso item of a company, which is known to insurance parlanoo as "thc loading" depends largely upon the conditions confronting tho com pauy, but ia the instance taken as an example, the loading, or expenso, if you please, ia $b'.15, or about 25 per cent, of the net premium. It has been shown what aro the in tegral parts of a life insurance pro mium, now tho question arisca whether or not this amount is excessive for the 1 ?afc protection of policy holders, or could this amount bo materially re duced. To those who will take the time to thoughtfully consider the sub jeot, it will be patent that a reduction of this initial cost can not be made 1 without jeopardizing the safety of the insured. 1 In tho experience of old line oom- 1 panics, it has never beon chown that ' tho full amount of the premium as 1 obtained on the above basis, is re quired to mature thoir contract, there fore every oompany in tho business is supposed to return to the polioy hol ders all of tho unearned premium. 1 Actual expcrienco shows that the death rate is not as high as is figured io tho American Experience Mortality 1 tables; that the rate of interest is more than 3 per cent and that the expenses can always bc shaved down to a con siderable figure less than that chargod oe tho loading account. Suppose, for instance, that the doath rate for oaoh 1,000 men is only eight in the example given above, there is a saving of 95o on tho mortu ary cost; rate of interest was 4* per oent, there would be a saving of $3.22 on the reserve item, and tho expenses were out half in two, giving a saving ! nn (lin Inadine* nf ?3 9.9.1 trna V.-TTQ m -- - - o VV.???, .? ~ ua.w u grand total in savings of $7.39. Now, while this might bo done one year or two years, without impairing the safe ty of the insured, it would not be ad visable, to say the least, to undertake to oarry out a 20, 30 or 40 year con tract on so oloso a margin. In the ease of an annual dividend company, these savings ?tam the vari ous items enumerated are gotten to gethor and apportioned to eaoh policy and returned lo the polioy holders in ihe shape of dividends, except such portion at ls deemed 'necessary for st conting ?it or surplus fund io be used in th? event of some unforeseen cpi? demio, panic or financial stringency. The writer has endeavored to give in as comprehensivo a manner th? aotual cost of carrying protection and at the same time to point out the pos sibilities and probabilities of cheaper insuranoe. ? Any insurance based on other oaloutation thap these will in evitably Kun?afoul thc rooks of disas ter. Insuranoe that protects, must have a*, sound basis and the initial cost must ?bo Buffioiont to meet exist ing conditions and provide for future emergeno.es. \ The example'given in this article is takon from an annual dividend com pany. At some other time the sub* jeot of def orr c<3|di vid end s will bo taken Captain Madala Discovery. "It pays to know things,1' said the old Bea captain as he sat on a New Bedford wharf. "I remember a time when ignorance nearly held me dow. and drowned me-or, I should say, nearly killed ?me}} for the want of a swallow of fresh water. 4Td shipped in a brig from New York going down to Brazil and south ward, .oarry lng a cargo of air and linen o ollar s and such stuff and hoping to como baok loaded with ooffoe. There weren't anybody, ott board had been iu.thoso waters afore except the hapf <J?|iW? and' he'dlforgotteh most of what W?? learned there,. Everything weoi aHfirjght till we started to work not th toV"pointJust a couplolol inches nn HhegJ^f beyond' the montlitbf ytl^ Amazon fiv??. ^ . VWO hadn't stowed anyiwaterVfor a week or two,' but the winds were ?air enough to suit; and thoro didn't seem : to bo any iesson Vio get-suspicions, bul one morning the captain,gwho'd been stud; og the chert, said to me, pointing to a shadow of land, 'There'! the mouth of thc ?maann.* Hejd. hardly got the words ont nf Ms mouth when thc canvas ?appod with a quick ; change of wind, and all the afternooss it got. :;weakeV;^ j proaoh'ed ?hore.jfy?th? time night - came you, could a. caa non boil overboard and drop^fe^taeri isfte^i^ 1 and they'd;both? tufi^^erin;???l .<j snuse plaoc. DThe neutday thejweath-; \ er.was thick, %udy<?? couldn't tyegtn i to see land. About eight bells the captain called mo and says: 'Have you noticed tho tide?' Sornethin's carrying us out to sea and it's a dead calml* " 'What of it?' Bays I, careless. 'Haven't wc got time enough to wait for a wind?' " 'Time enough, all right,' ho sayB, 'but not water enough. What's left is. in quarts, and not gallons,' ho 6ays. "I won't have to toll you how wo tried to make the water last, or how tantalizing thc ocean looked to us, or how our tongues swelled up after four days and got rough like leather, and how thc weather kept thick and hazy, and wc never sighted a sail or a steam vessel. Wo all could see Death perch ed on thc bowsprit. And tho sun dried out our skins as it dries starch ed clothes on Monday night. "Finally, ono afternoon, the captain crawled up on deck and began to rave. Ho was crazy. After awhile ho grin ned at ruc, and said, 'I won't stand it any longer. If I don't get somo mois ture on me I'll crack open,' ard al though he couldn't swim a stroke, over the rail ho went like a thing with wings. Wo all went to look over the side. "He came up after his bubbles. My stars, you .should have seen thc look on his face! I never saw such a sheepish expression io all my life. " 'Scissors to grind?' he yells. 'Thia ooean ain't salt at all? The water's as fresh as hot doughnuts,' and he gulped down another qunrt of it,smack ing his lips. 'Throw me a rope and lower a bucket. I've been made a fool of this week,' he says. "Sure enough, it was just as he Bflid- tho water was fresh. The delta of the Amazon pours such a big stream that even oat cf sight of land tho water is sweet as dew on clover bios Boms. "-Youth's Companion. Poon Chew Hits Hard. New York, January 25.-The com ing greatness of China was predioted today by Poon Ohew, editor of a San Francisco Chinese paper, who spoke at tho immigration Gonforenoo of the National Civic Federation. Today's discussion was upon the Asiatio im migrant. The Chinese editor said: "According to the ideas of thc ci vi lizatioo of this twentieth century, t nation has no right, except what sh? eau enforce by might. Therefore, ac cording tc this ides, wc cf thc Chin coi nation nave no right to enter until wt have the might to demand equal treat mont with other oountrie?. Chinai preparing now to be able Borne of thea days to be ft great nation, BO as to ki! tbe largest number of men in a give ?ima with the least expense to hoi sol?, and then, and not ?ii then, wi! ?he be looked upon as a great natioi The man. who kills ? thousand' is al most worshipped as a hero, while th poor devil who kills . bint one nan i excepted as s murderer. v "There io no ground to sustain tl objections raised to ibo Chinese. C ? o ure e, we h ave Ohioe.se people < bsd ch ar ao ter-wo have gamblers ai We Baye opton, smoker a. If I were woman abd my husband insisted c taking something, I would rather 1 took opium eyery time than whisfce; Whiskey! ni?es the passions, v?hi< transforms mea; .into, brutes*, opiu 'transforms them into Hying corpse The 'American 'filled with: whisk? comes home audi kioks his wife. 'Tl Chinaman under the influence ? '. opium goes home and his wife kio him. ''} J ? ' V ''You Amorioans are all angels, ai we Chinese are only half angels a> half .dc vii s-a combination*whioh yt call hnman. ' VI .have, ';$eeB?:^ years. : All my interests are here,1 i ?> property. I pay taxes, I ha raised a family of fivo children, ai yet should ?.???vs - thc''.country would heyer be. able to rp tu rn this land of liberty and human pix ress . lp ?|pj "I edit a piper turned out by yt low men? hut we yellow men tuns ? a white paper and many white m turn out a yellow paper. ? ...??*Ii> is almost as impossible 'loi Chinaman t ofen ter tho Uni te d S tal as it is [for a-riab, fat American, m lionaire with all. his money on, i back to climb to Heaven through fire-escape. \ I ha vc in my pocket lotter from a friend of - mine, a gri nate ot Yate University,?.r?&V$t. touching in Singapore for *.bu>? desired to -x^tti^?^^l?^^^" ' ind was: d?Uine? ^^f^^h?h: the detenttonishedsatid ^ha%f Kwi We wsn?V fetter men ''a\.:.iuolv^p^ thc inspector?, not those pig-fce&d? nyitter-brained officers which yo? n hav;e; ?h??, officiais who depori (ibis educated Chinaman could no ot thord Re written enoh * let|^i such ; -fin^j^ie?? euch ; pert? rhetoric, auch command b^^^^ bttVl d*?^hat|^ feb at you should,- by' ibis unjust d srimios?on^piM^ithft. ant?gooii jjr'ftoonn^ aaaaani ?$i$^ iha.same tr>atiu->tat that is accord The Intemperance of Nallone. Arocrioans, after all, are only mod orate drinkers, compared with those of other countries, the average citi zen of the United States, ccuntiug in the women and children (which in not fair, but serves for tho moment as a baB?3 to figure upon), consumes ?? the courso of a year liquors whioh contain ono aud a third gallons of pure alco hol. But tho Frenchman, who, though formerly one of tho soberest, has be come the worst drunkard in tho world, absorbs annually three and a half gal lons of alcohol. The Belgian and the Swiss como next, with a consumption of two and four fifths gallons. Then follow tho Spaniard with two and a third gallons, the Italian with juat a trifle less, the Englishman and Ger man with two and a tenth, and the AuBtro-Iiungarian with about ono and three quarters gallons. On thc other band, the American citizen by no means stands at the top of tho list in respect to sobriety. The Swede drinks only one and a sixth gallons of pure alcohol in a year; the Hollander drops considerably below him, with ono gallon, even; the rela tively virtuous Ruasiao, notwithstand ing his muoh advertised addiction to vodka, absorbs only a trifle more than six-tenths of a gallon and, finally, the Norwegian, who occupies aproad emi noooo as the most abstemious man in the world, barely exceeds a modest half gallon of the staff in a 12-montb? potations. It might be added, for the sake of definiteness, that the average person in the United States annually drinks one and a third gallon of proof cpirita (whioh are 50 percent alcohol), one-third of a gallon of wino and six teen ?and a'quarter gallons of malt liquors, chiefly beer.-Pearson's Maga zine. - A mother must have a fertile imagination if she explains to her little ones why she is making a lof of garments too small for the smallest . f her children to wear. - The men who complain loudest about their wives hoing bargain hunt ers are 'usually the men who compel their wives to huut bargains in ord. s to keep the family clothed and fed. - A woman with a good opinion of herself lias a way of making it known. - The boy who neglects his mother ":u _i__i_? v:_.li ff... uuivi/ uugivvt uio >..(?. ; The First Tumblers, Have you ever wandered why the glasses out of which we every day drink milk and water are called "tumblers"? They derive their name from the fact tbtt they are the succes sors of little silver bowls, so perfectly balanced that, whichever way they were tipped about,' they tumbled into position again and again and there re mained with the rim upward. It is said that thees Hule silver bowls, or tumblers, were first used years ago at a luncheon given at Ail Soul's College, Oxford, to the Princess Alice, *the second daughter of Queen Victoria. At thia splendid luooheon the guestB became interested in the silver bowls that were brought to them filled with some favorite beverage* These bowls, the inquiring guests were told, were"tumblers,".and were shown why they were so named. A little bowl was emptied and then placed upon the table mouth downward. It was so exquisitely balanced that as quick as a wink it flew back to its proper position and seemed to almost say, "Please fill mo again." It waa koooked about on the floor, balanced carefully on its side, dropped careless ly and, in short, tu cibica about in every way; but it invariably swayed a little, shook itself gently, and finally tum bled baok to its proper upright position, so, you see, it was demonstrated that ''tumblers" was a very fitting name for those tumbling little stiver bowls. Whon ronod glasses that stood on ft fiat base came into general use, they, for some reason not at all olear, were called tumblers. To c?ll them tum tilers is somewhat of a misnomer, for. we all know that they seldom^ Or never tumble into position again if we ohanae tv upset them. We are told that if ' we want to see "thc real thing" in tumblers we shall have togo to All Soul a College and see the original silver bowls.-The Chil dren's Visitor. - Among tho curios preserved in the Bank of England* is a baukoote that passed through the Chicago fire. The poper was consumed, but the ash held together and the printing is quite legible. It is kept carefully under glass. The Bank note was paid. ; -A woman's best' qualities do not reside in her intellect, but in her af fections. She give? refreshment by her sympathies rather than , by ber k?"5?!sdgs? A Happy H?me l . To have a happy home you must h?viidsffdren, ? as tney are great nappy-home maker^^ lf^weak S woman? you can be made strong eno??h ta b ??r ft healthy children, with little pain or ?t^mf?rt to H BR I It Will ease away ali your pain, reduce tgflam-^ mation, cure l?ucoithea {wh?tes)i^Hng^^?!^^?^ etc., ?nd make childbirth natural and easy, VTry it? ft At every drug store in $1.00 bottles, ' j ft , freety i?i? h?akfy us ail your j troubl?s. ; m^E?^?^g?^m plain scaled cavfct?pe). -Address: La dles' Advisory Dept.,Tr? Chattanooga aiad?nu^^ West^of Webster Qty, low* *>Sfct/; H ?i?^g,Vce?y7:^^ AO? we er? g I jjjg HA Bil ! i 1 ? THE ,BEST WEABERS. J? i ?>o sci shopworn' fthoea *t t?v ??^W wW yow, csp get ^ . <d New, Fresh ac? Up-tc-Date Shoes at th? "very ?*aat tn^?y ^hoes ^ ss*. ?Y?getable Preparaiionfor As similating ?tcFootadBe?uIa l?tg die Stomachs aiutBowels of Promotes Digesiion.Cheerful nessartdRest.Contalns neither Opium,Mofphine nor Mineral. JKOTUAUCOTIC. JOecifre QfOUnrS?lWELFiTGf?ER f^BTyJ?n Seul' Mx.Smrut * RxhtlU Salis A perfect Remedy for Constipa tion. Sour Stoiiwh.Diarrhoea Worms ?ConvulsionsJeverish ness and ?.oss OF SlABF. Fex Simile Signature op UEWVOHK. The Kind YOB Haw Always Bought Bears the ?:A \ - ^^^^ W For ppr vi t,.,-.. ) y Dos i s j^? r M 'S JF NOT ftfiCHT TAKE MOB LWEI| I IPI lilli ".. .ii &1? To afford yon an opportunity i;o ?av? I 1 ';..L?:-. -.-JJ.., . . '..i U25, 917?, $200. fe;;. Handsome CRIOS, ranted* ; > . > :\ ~ - yoni?v??;oaiiy OITY OP ANDERSON". ; f * BROADWAY ?OWNS^?^^ j i gottoeand Lot on North ?"ant s*. 335 acres, good dwellings, barn, wa?M ? S Lo* M? iOW Frttnklin at- ?mp^ced, iujfinj* etato of caitivat!ou-a g 150wr???'liaprov,ed. . ; ,, . Q?t?VlN'?OW???miP, v;( V .?M ?r JP?NntaKl?Si TOWNSHIP, ; 108 ?orea, icapr^ved: il t?aerea/wUfc S-room dwelling and ont? l7dain??tltt^pK0ved. . .. ...';? #??o^#^^ i? fe ?'?? ; - J? 12? atr*?, two-story dw?lUog, bferna . actas, ?-a^fOia?S*?^/ ?ndoewsary?^tbnl?d?ng?; * hx<ui^?ari?^ ^w.;i^:l^^ .;m ^|^,.f?proved.' - ABREVILLB ?OPSrarfc fi -^^^wp'?gNd? ! fe'-'fe" * ' . ? ^a*?^???0 ?an?vwell improved- -<:?> . i ' V- ? .: ;fl ,g^od state' of ealt?- ;'.v? ^?S feplSv^! fe , .fe "lQ?wa?re9t2tet?^ if ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ?*^^^^