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WAR Srl Thc Ulrick 1 1 Now Y i 5i doubtful if any body of sol-1 Jiiry of equal size in all its career j vor ?lid as much execution as a cer tain company of Confederates known is tho if lack Horse cavalry accom plished on thc ground which acquires fresh interest on account of the army nanoeuvres rehearsed there-thc bat ilefe?d of Mull Hun. True, the pages of authentic his t jry give no record of slaughter on '.hit -ay at the hands of these terrible fellows. The havoc ?bey made was not wrought upon Yankee Mesh and blood, but upon imaginative courage. K part of the problem of war is to strike terror to the hearts of thc 1 enemy, both the combatant and thc 1 -stay-at-home element, and that thc ''aaa di ul of horsemen who rode black -steeds at Bull Hun succcodcd in doing cmost thoroughly. federal soldiers who were scared uumay from the oolors, cither before or i.fteTthe first gun was fired, gave as -.in excuse that the Black Horse caval ry had swooped down upon them and Slaughtered ail bul thc pitiful few left retell the tale. These stories tra vol ed-acrth and west, and armies of men .?ere scared from enlisting by the Black Hor?o bugaboo. The thought of grim and devilish riders upon prancing black war charg ers, cutti?g right ond left with gory eabreSj becamo a spectre haunting roany minds all through the war, and is cv3W found among oral traditions of the conflict when veterans fight their battles over. It was ju6t two years to a day be fore that memorable first encounter of the Blue and the Gray on tho hanks of Bull Bun that a militia company of cavalry was organized at Waterloo, on the Rappahannock, in Fauquicr county, Va. It was mode up of F. F. Vs. Its captain, John Scott, was an educated planter, and one of the lieutenants was a Randolph, whose calling was the law. The other lieuteuaot was a planter named Gor don. lu the ranks there wero planters and the sons of planters bearing noted Virginia names, and the majority of "them afterwards rose to rank in tho Confederate service. Whatever their names, they were cf the stock of the ."Lees, the Madisous, tho Tylers and -the Randolphs. Naturally the great attraction of a militia company for these young men ?as of a social nature; but when the -time came to buckle on the sword in earnest they were ready for the busi ness of war. The first duty of this company was to protect tho officers of thc law at the execution of old John .Brown, for it was expected that a for midable attempt might be made at .the last moment to rescue the libera /cor. When the war uprising came in Vir ginia, which was after thc fall of Sum ?ter, tho Black Horse company, under ILieut. Robert Randolph, rushed to .arma and marched with another local ".scmpaoy-to Harper's Ferry, ready to sarry out the plan of seizing tho gov ernment arms and arsenals. That ?trip, Which was looked upon at tho lime as a holiday affair, was the be ginning of a four years' service in the .saddle, for the border was soon ablaze with war, and the oavaliers of Vir ginia were not the mes to shirk the arden! at thal hour. -From Harper's Ferry the command voile Ca Manassas, or Bull Run, and waa the u-acleus of the great army of northern Virginia whioh had its be ginnings on these historic plains. fl Under Capt. W. H. Payne the com pany -skirmished with the federal ad .'^ranca'guord and was on aetive outpost duty on the/day of the battle of July .31, 1851. 3?b doubt the reason why the Black Horse cavp.lro *was heard from in so many places on that field was that it . Maa ^widely developed on outpost ^u.rityt*anB at tho time of the federal rout and retreat closed in upon the .belated fellows, or tho runaways and ?traggitrs on tho outskirts of the field, in that way one Black Horse sabreur _9?peojed in all his fierceness before thc ay es of at least 100 retreating and * badly soared federals, who made the most of the qmaode when called upon to Accouct^oT their last moments on <3?ae "field. fut the famous company dropped 'soddenly from publio view and recog nition, although President Davis pub licly praised its pursuit of the fleeing enemy. Sooo after the battle of Bull Stun, Capt.Payne'sBlaokBoree troop .ers were incorporated in the Fourth '?Virginia -cavalry. Payne becamo snajor and Lieut. Randolph assumed -com man?. ' .The company fought in the Hue in il: the heavy battles of the regiment and frequently had a chance to go in alone, lt was a* favorite body of men tot, army headquarters and served as the /' ORI BS. <. >rso ( 'fivfllry. irk S uti. special guard of both Stonewall .Jack son and Hubert Jv Lee during some of their hazardous ventures within the cocui? '? lines. When Jackson penetrated the fed eral lines at the second Bull l'un, and placed himself and his whole command between two fire's, thc Black Hur-?.' troopers were his personal escort. At the crossing of Hull Kuri un this oc casion Jackson's headquarters detach ment was charged upon by the First .Jersey brigade <>f federals, ('ailing up a party ot Virginians, only 'J'o im brex in all, he lcd them to the attack. Driven oil at the bridge .Jackson found his army cut off from JJCO and Long street and menaced on every hand by superior forocs. In this dilemma he Bent Capt. Randolph with half his troop to bring Leo to the scene. By good fortune Randolph passed the numerous federal commands mar:hing between Manassas and the Rappahannock, where be found Lee. On the return all roads were picketed by the federals, ?nd the party lay one night closo to the camp of Buford's cavalry. Fortunately for Leo, his intrepid guides found a route of escape to the lines of Longstreet's oorps at Thor oughfare Gap, and next day the gen eral reached Manassas to direct tho battle which saved Jackson from cap ture. In tho Maryland and Antietam cam paign whioh followed that of Manas sas, the Black Horse riders remained close to Jackson throughout his daring enterprise of surrounding Harper's Forry. After it was over Jeb Stuart, Leo's cavalry ohief, sent for the *roop to rejoin its regiment for a grand raid into Pennsylvania, But Stonewall demurred. Said he: "I know the Black Horse and can omploy thc greater part of the com mand for Btaff d"ty." Thc personal iventuros of the men of this unique company while scouting recall those of Revolutionary days. When the federal army marched from Maryland toward Frederiokaburg in tho fall of 1862 two of the bold Vir ginia troopers found themselves in the rear of their enemies. Curious to know the destination of the vast array of bluceoats, they fol lowed. Near Stafford they stopped at a house and asked the mistress, an aged woman, to give them some brandy. "You aro in danger enough already without adding to it by drink," she said by way of emphasis to a firm re fusal. But she relented when they prom ised to bring back six Yankee prison ers. Af tor numerous desperate deeds, in whioh they charged belated parties of tho federal rear guard, eaoh cap turing his man, they appeared at the Stafford house with eight captives, two more than they had promised. After Stonewall Jackson's death at Chancellorsville tho Black Horse re turned to tho regiment acd rode with Stuart northward to Pennsylvania. At Aldie, where Stuart fought both cavalry and infantry, the commander of the troop selected 30 men to charge as a forlorn hope and stay the advanoe of a regiment of fodersl infantry. He declared that he never expected to see a man of thom return. The dash was made in column of fours down the turnpike. A cloud of dust raised by tho galloping hoofs oovcrcd up the insignificance of the line, and the enemy, after a single vol ley, recoiled in confusion. The bold and hazardous ride saved Stuart's column from disaster. Later in the day the company rode into Stevensburg just as tho Third Virginia cavalry was suffering defeat. Without honking, Capt. Randolph led his Black Horse in a spirited dash among tho federal troopers and saved the Third regiment from annihilation. A brave remnant of these troopers was in saddle wheo Stuart rode out in the Hpring of 1864 to head off Sheri dan's column on the great raid to Richmond, and the day after Stuart was killed the gallant Capt. Randolph fell while defending the very gates of tho city. Capt. A. D. Payne, one of the private troopers of first Bull Run days, tock thc lead and commanded through tho stirring sabre battles at Petersburg and in the Shenandoah valley. And the element of tragedy in its darkest phase was not wanting in the oareer of these Black Horse ridera. Just after the affair at Waynesboro, between Sheridan and Rosser's squad rons, in October, 1864, Privates Mar tin and Campbell of the Blaok Horse band were returning from a long scout to their own camp. It was late in the evening and rainy, and the troopers had thrown their waterproof blankets i over their shoulders, partly oovering their gray uniforms. I Three mounted men were seen riding }. bchiIKI iii''?:., ut '1 they were in he nar ''I .Sheridan's column they u(?posed the straugc trio (. be fedora) soldiers. Cocking their pistols, they rode slowly, purposely to h<. overta ken. Thc federals-for such thc hirangcrd wort' -had suspicions, and prepared for a tight. As soon as thc strangers came up alongside, the scouts wheeled on them and demanded surrender by opening lire. Thc newcomers proved to be Lieut, .lohn H. Meigs, and engineer ou Sher idan^ staff, and two orderlies. Meigs put a shot through Martin's body, but Martin braced himself and shot Meigs dead. One orderly escaped and reported to Sheridan that Meigs had been killed by bushwhackers, at:d for this sup posed atrocity Sheridan ordered the burning of every house within five miles of thc scene. Martin recovered and returned to his old home in Fauquier couuty. Af ter the war the fainer of young Meigs applied for a court-martial of Martin on thc charge of murder. Capt. Payne, of thc Black Horse, was able to prove, however, that Martiu was a soldier on duty at the time of the en counter, and that Meigs was killed in legitimate warfare. Tho handful of men- with Capt. Payne at Appomattox did not surren der with Lee, but started to march to North Carolina and join Gen. Joseph E. Johnson's forces in front of Sher man. Then came news of the last sur render, and the cavaliers dispersed and hung up their swords for good. Tho Black Horse commander at Bull Ruo, W. H. Payne, roaohed tho rank of bragadior general in Stuart's cavalry corps He died a few weeks ago, and thc northern papers chron icled with due soberness the tradition about his having led the famous Black Horse cavalry, whioh wrought much mischief at thc begiuning of the war. All there was of it he led at Bull Run, Borne 60 or 70 lively young bloods, who had chanced to select black as tho color of their mounts to secure uniformity. "Dye It," Said Beauregard Sinoe Col. Blanding's return home he has found among his papers some penciled reminiscences which we have requested of him for publication, sayB thc Sumter Item. He says his mem ory for recent events, say, in the last forty years, is so bad that he is loth to publish anything of occurrences within that time. Those antecedent to secession and even nullification he readily recalls, but ho* gives us this flag sketch: The first and only publio delivery of the battle flags of the Confederacy was made by Gen. Beauregard at Cen treville, Va., soon aft?r First Manas sas, and was most impressive. It aroused a decided war spirit in the boys, and will be readily recalled by the few survivors left. One incident particularly created wild enthusiasm and will bear relating. His division (soon after corps) was drawn up en masse, the colonels of regiments, on order, dismounted, marched to the front and stood in line twenty paces before Gen. Beauregard and his staff. As the number and State of each regiment was called by his A. A. General, its colonel stepped to within five paces of the General, who taking from one of his aides hold ing them, ene of the battle flags in hand, briefly addressed a few martial words to bim, and waving, delivered it to the oolonel, who of course was expeoted to respond briefly. The ground color of the flags was different, though the Southern cross of stars and bars was the same on all. One of them with a pale ground was delivered to a colonel, I think, of a Georgia regiment. Returning his thanks with the usual pledge that it should beoarried to the front, nor ever have ono stain or dishonor on it, etc., he added: "I have but one objeotion to it, its oolor is indicative of fear, and looks too muoh like a flag of truce." To whioh Gen. Beauregard in his nervous m inner and military tone quiokly answered: "Dye it red, sir! Dye it in blood sir!" To whioh the reply oame, "It shall be, sir. It shall be, in the blood of the enemy, General". And as quickly came tho response, "In your own, sir, if neces sary." "Aye! Aye! General." This raised a shout, or rather a yell, whioh from it frequency soon became well known to both sides as the "Hob el yell." - Generally it is at a club dinner of Oanvasbauk duck and champagne that a man brags about his home cooking. - When a woman in New York reads about a smallpox Oase in California she doesn't dare to take the baby out for a week. - A worn an takes upsgreat deal more room in a crowded street oar than she does in a room with only her ands mouse in it. OAMTORXA, ' ?Banthe yglfo Kind You Hara AJwm Bongtd - When people trade their trou bles S? ai ob ody is sure to got stuck. - Don't talk about horse sense to tho fellow who owns an automobile. S A .Mau s WM. Tlx- disposition made by will with in a week of two ^rreat fortunes, one thc largest in Philadelphia, and the other usually held to be one of the ten largest in the city, will inevitably raise discussion as to the wide free dom allowed by statuto and common law to a testator. The power to draw a will is neither a constitutional nor a natural right. lt is exclusively the product of law. So oountry leaves it more free than the United States. In all European countries a will under which a man leaves all his property to ono descen dant is prohibited by law. Under tho Code Napoleon, and this is a general rule of European law, the utmost sli8rc of his property over which a man has complete testamentary con trol is one-half. Ile ca.i alieiiatc that. The rest he must leave to his children and he must divide it among them un der a ratio imposed by law, from which he can vary only under narrow limilB. Louisiana has preserved this limi tation. A will leaving all an estate to one descendant would not stand un der the statutes of the State. Somo other States in the Union impose simi lar limitations, but mont leave a man free to do as he will with his own at death. In this State thc only limita tion imposed is that the wife's dower right, which at common law attaches only to real estate, now attaohes also to personal property, so that any wife can, if she ohooses, take one-third of tho estate if leno be left to her by the will, or one-half if there is no ohild, her ownership of that muoh of the personal property being absolute and of the realty for life. In England theoretically and legally a man's control over his property is as complote as it is in American States, reoent statutes having abolished the special privileges in regard to realty enjoyed by the eldest son, but custom in these matters is stronger than lat?. A tradition in existence for centuries establishes the habit in England, a habit BO strong that it has more than the foroe of a statute, that the bulk of a large proporty shall be entailed to the eldest son. Where the eldest son comes of age during his father's life time, it is nearly always the oase in largo properties that a settlement is made, which oouid be made just aa well here as far as the law is concern ed, by whioh the son accepts a life in terest in all he inherits with the ex pectation that a deed of settlement with his eldest son will in due time keep the property in the same line ol descent and division, the eldest BOD receiving nearly all and the others s mere pittanoe. It is in England equally rare, (outside of the novel,] that an eldest son is disinherited 01 that the estate is divided among a number of children equally. The Courts in this country, power fully influenced by a public opinion, whioh prefers a tolerably equal divis ion of property between tho children and wife, (if one survives,) have gen emily regarded with a friendly eye attempts to break wills in whioh some one descendant or kin received a dis proportionate share. All the variout decisions and the large amount ol Judge-made law under whioh various wills of this character have been bro ken really represent a public feeling in behalf of a general division of an j property left by will, as Btrong ic this country as is the sentiment io England in favor of keeping the pro perty together. The law of most of our States not only leaves a testator without restriot tiona, but taxation is relatively light as compared with the English practioc in levying duties upon estates whiol pass through probate. The commun ity here has wisely felt that it wai moro just and more equitable to ta] property while a man was living anti not to levy an impost too enormous 01 its devolution. This policy has beei oonsomitant with and io a sense re warded by the very liberal public be quests made by thooo possessing larg? fortunes in thia oountry. Most large American fortunes an marked by great gifts of this order Should such gifts disappear, shouli will after will leaving a great fortan? pass without any recognition of jua publio claims, a movement will un doubtedly arise in this oountry, as i did in England, ?for heavier inhen tanco taxes. In England both th estates where wills have juat been an nounoed in this city would j have pail an eatate duty of 8 per oenton all prop erty lef t, whether inherited by th next of kin, by collateral heirs or de vised. Every estate over $5,000,00 in Great Britain passing by death ha for ten years past paid this heavy tai and the personality is liable for 3 pe oent a year from the dato of death no til I Ms tax is paid. Thia levy, one twelth of the total value, is applied t every object, to pictures and jewelry as well aa to stocks and bonds an rsalty.-Philadelphia Press. , ti n a mm, - A man who takes offensa alway make a poor s?lection. - While a consignment of banana from Jamaoia was being unloaded ? Bradford, Pa., tho other day, an opoi sum jumped ont. He was capture* and is being cared for-by ?tho ownei of the bananas. , '<. ? ?. :; Y-.-.'i fo?? " *. Thc Electric Eugine. Although ii has been one of the greatest factors in the development of this country, th?' steam locomotive is doomed. That panting, pulling, screeching monster, belching clouds of smoke and showering cinders, must give way to the electric motor, with out noise or dirt for the transpor tation of both freight and pcasengcr trains. Years ago it was demonstrated that for passenger ti affio on short lines in densely populated districts electricity was in every way superior io steam as motive power. While reluctantly admitting this fact, managers of steam railways de clared that for long distance passen ger trains and freight trains elcotric power would he inadequate, excessive io cost, and therefore impracticable. It was claimed that until electricity could be generated without the use of steam it would be more economical and efficient to use steam direct in engines. Actual tests m?de recently have demonstrated that the cost of trans portation is greater by the steam engine than by the electrio engine. A steam train of five oars and a stand ard engine weigh 330 tons, and will accommodate 168 passengers. It uses at full speed 1,400 horse-power. The electrio motor and four trailer cars weigh 260 tons, seat 180 passengers, and use 1,000 horse-power. The elec trio train weighs less, uses less horse power, carries more passengers and goes faster. Some half dozen railways in this country have followed the lead of the New York Central and arranged to use oleotrio power on portions of their lines now being operated at a loss with steam power. Practical tests made on the Lackawanna and Wyoming roads, owned by the Westinghouse Company, show an econ omy of 30 per cent, as compared with , the steam systems. Steam railway managers elsewhere are exceedingly interested in results being occured on the Ballston exten sion of the Schenectady Railroad, where oars are run with alternating ourrent equipment just perfeoted. The motors used can be run either from a 2,000-volt alternating current, stepped down in the car to 400 volts, or from 600 volt direct current. The eleetrio railway motors in general use are operated, as is well known, by a direct current with a trolley voltage of about 600 volts. It is olaimed that the new motor, which can use direot or alternating currents of widely-varying voltage, has cleared the way for the adoption of eleotrio power for light or heavy iraiua, freight or passenger, on lines of any length.-Chicago Inter Ocean. mm # mw - Happiness is the ever-retreating summit on the hill of ambitions. - If you are in love don't go to a baohelor or spinster for advice. - It's far latter to be bent on economy that: broken on extravagance. - Don't think because a woman is outspoken that she oan be outtalk ed. - Many a man would never be mist ed if his wife didn't throw things at him. - Most of the things you discover are seooqd hand discoveries._ DO YOU NEED A MEDICINE? I? COSTS YOU NOTHING TO INVESTIGATE. There ia no one who does not need a liver Medicine occasionally. The symptoms of Liver Complaint are well known to every one, such as connti {>ation, dyspepsia, loss of appetite, sleep essness, headache, a tired feeling and many others of a similar nature. Thousands die annually by not heeding the warnings of nature. Many acquire some chronic disease from which, they never recover. Many of these could be spared for years of usefulness, by keeping ia thc home < corne reliable remedy. We believe that we can convince any fair-minded person that there ia no bet ter remedy tor the Liver known, than Dr. Thacher's Liver and Blood Syrup. The formula ia known, consisting of: Bu chu, Hydrangea, Mandrake, Yellow Dock, Dandelion, .Sarsaparilla, Gentian, Senna and Iodide of Potassium. You know just what you are taking.. How many other formulas of a liver medicine are published ? Ask your druggist about. thia. It is already prepared and can be taken immediately. The strength is extracted in. the most skillful manner, certainly superior to any powdered preparation known. (Wc also manufacture a Liver Medicine in pow dered form, with which any druggist can supply you, but thia, like all other dry Liver Medicines requires preparation.) Dr. Thacher's Liver and Blood Syrup la pleasant to take, does hot loee ita strength, aa Liver Medicine in dry form, and will keep in any climate. Your doctor, however ekiiirni, could . prescribe nothing better. - . . There ia no opportunity for a doctor to make a mistake ia writing a prescrip tion, or a drug derk to make a mistake in compounding thc same, (besides a doctor's bill and the coat of the medi cine.) Voa can be absolutely sure of the proper proporiton being ia every dose. - A Dr. Thacher's Liver and Blood Syrup ha? been used with the greatest confi dence and success in thousands of homes for?i year?, and i? prepared by a phar macist of 25 years' experience, in a labo ratory equipped withthe meet modern appliance* for the moat pwiect safety. cl ?Ht? ?*WI i>. ? IT? Smote tvhat )S SAZ TS BY ALZ, TUt MO GX9T8* BO cents and ?1.00. THACHER MEDICINE CO. 1 Chattanooga. Tann. The Kind Toa Have Always Bought? and -which has been in use for over 30 years? has horne the Signatare of mmmmmmmmw and has been made under his per^ " ?fly* fl-*, - sou al supervision since its infancy* <<??*<?'l? 5 Allowno one to deceive yon in tLis. All Counterfeits, Imitations and " Just-as-good" aro but Experiments that trifle with and endanger tho health off Limnls and Children-Experience against Experiment? What is CASTOR1A ?astoria ls a harmless substitute for Castor Oil, Pare? Korie, Drops and Soothing Syrups, it is Pleasant, lt contains neither Opium? Morphine nor other Narcotic substance. Ita age is its guarantee. It destroys Worm? and allays Feverishness. It cures Diarrhoea and Wind Colic. It relieves Teething Troubles? cures Constipation and Flatulency. It assimilates the Food? regulates the Stomach and Bowels, giving healthy and natural sleep* The children's Panacea-The Mother's Friend. GENUINE CASTORIA ALWAYS sf Bears th? Signature of The Kind You Have Always Bought In Use For Over 30 Years. . Wt* ??arreun COHMNT, rr HURRAY ?TUET, MKW vost* orrr. _ Car Load Studebaker Wagons just arrived. Car of Kentucky, ">ld Hickory and Tennessee Wagons-to arrive. Also, three cars of Buggies, Carriages, Surreys and pleas* nre Vehicles generally. Call and see us. FRET WELL - HANKS CO. ONE CAR OF HOG FEED. Have just received one Car Load of HOG FEED (Shorts) at very close prices. Come before they are all gone= Now is tho time for throwing LIME Around your premises to prevent a case of fever or some other disease, that will cost you very much more than the price of a barrel of Lime ($1.00.) We have a fresh shipment in Btock, and will be glad to send you some. If you contemplate building a barn or any other building, see us before buying your? CESSENT and LIME, As we sell the very best qualities oily. ? O. O. ANDERSON BUGGY, WAGON and TALK. We have a complete line of the latest styles of Buggies, Surreys, Runabouts, in fact everything in Ute Bogey and Harness line. Prices and terms right. Gar Milburn Wagons Just received. Don't fail to look at our stock before buying. I also sell the celebrated high grade guaranteed Wheeler & Wil son SEWING MACHINES on usual terms. J. S. FOWLER. ' ~.- -- - - j- - ? ~-^ - i ? A f- Vi k\ tiffi DENTIST. Office Over Farmers and Merchants Bank. SP?CIAL attention given to tho higher clasa on of Doutai work. Crowns, Bridges andPoroelain Inlays, anon td are done In the Urger ol tie. /. AU kinda or Platos 'mado. Gold Fill inga in ar ti fl cl al teem any time after Platea are uiado. Oxygen Goa and Local Anaesthetics Riven for the Painless Extraction of teeth. Bleed! ns and ?iseased gums treated. . u?Sf ..< All calla to the country and near by Towns for the Painless Extraction of ^WF* U?6 LOOK AHEAD A maTtSnks it is when the matter of life ' insurance suggests itself-but drctimstan ces of late have shown how life hangs by a thread when war, flood, hurricane ?ad fire suddenly overtakes yon, and the only tray to be sure that your ?uuly is protected ia case of onto *?r overtaking you is to in. sure in a aoLJ C^rjany like % Drop in and see us about it. : STATE AG?K?. Peoples' Back Build tog, ANDERSON, 0 8.