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HAMPTON T How lie HolialDilitatec 1 8' So much glory has attached to "Wadu ? Hampton as a dashing sabreur ami consummate military leader that his greater and more lasting achievements in rehabilitating n shattered State, allaying racial and political hatred and securing for himself and his peo ple the confidence of the American . public have been almost overlooked. Thc condition of South Carolina after four years of war and eleven of reconstruction was pitiable. Her territory L d suffered tho effects of a j terrible in/anion. Thc whites had been stigmatized as unrepentant reb els, subjected to tho mercy of an un- ? scrupulous mock government, put in ? power by a debased suffrage and held , there by the whole civil and military j force of the United States. Heavy j taxes had been raised only to bo j squandered, while simultaneously a t great fraudulent public debt had been | incurred; yet honest claims remained unsatisfied and charitable institutions were kept from starvation only through thc personal credit of their superin tendents and the beneficence of loeal merchants. The machinery of justice was clogged and its B?OW and imper fect work was nullifiod by tho pardon ing power of an unscrupulous Execu tive Judgo Mackey on one occasion in sentencing a prisoner truly said: "Tho Executive mansion throws a shadow broad and deep across thc iMosholdof this Court." Futile at ' m pis were made by the better clasH . t Republicans, assisted by Conserva tives, to overthrow this corrupt ma chino in 1870 and again in 1872. In 1874 a ooalition of Liberal Republi cans and Conservatives made a des perate fight, but were defeated, although the normal Radical majority was reduced from 33,000 to 11,000. Some good men wore elected to the Legislature, but they wore a mere handful and could only protest and expose. Fortunately, Chamberlain, who had been elevated to the ornoo of Gover nor by the regular Republicans, pledged to reforms, was a muoh better man than his associates and bitterly antagonized the worse elements of his party. But experience showed that the Radical party could not purify itself. In December, 1875, taking ad vantage of the temporary absonco of Chamberlain from Columbia, tho Legis lature elected to tho Bench F. J. Moses, Jr., tho former Governor, whose rapacity was notorious, and W. J. Whipper, a colored man, who was reported to have received the Judge ship as a Bolaco for losses at the gam ing table. Chamberlain hastened back to tho Capital and in a noted in terview withF. W. Dawson, editor of tho News and Courier, declared this act a crime against civilization, and proclaimed that theso men should not be allowed to take their scat. Fortu nately an irregularity had occurred in tho election and it was sot aside by the Supreme Court, But tho bold stand takon by tho Governor rallied to his support tho whites of tho State and gave him great popularity, espe cially in those counties that had been rescued from thi? danger. Many be gan to believe that they saw a "way out of tho wilderness by not opposing" the re-election of Chamberlain and bending every effort to tho election of minor State officers and tho Legisla ture. As lato aa thc 23th of June, 1876, on the oooaaion of thc celebra tion of tho centennial of the battle of Fort Moultrie, Hampton and Cham berlain rodo in the same procession, at thc head of volunteer tvoops com manded by Stepheo I), Lee. Less than a fortnight after, hoty cvor, occurred tho Hamburg riot, which at once opened a broach bo tween tho two partios that Locarno widened with thc progresa of subse quent events. A cry arose, mainly in the Piedmont, for "a ?traightout Democratic fight for every office from President of thc United States to pre cinct constable." At this time Wade Hampton was in Mississippi caring for his largo landed interests in that State. But he was still regarded as the foremost Caro linian living. It was asserted that his presenoe and his ringing voioo in a political contest would cast tho same magic spell over his followers as ho was wont to exert over them on the field of battle. The straightout wing comprised men of strenuous methods. They had as leaders Confederate vet erans who had proved their prowess ' on a hundred fields, and were ablo again to rally thoir followers in serried rank and file. A largo cumber of the best oitisons, cou prising men no less fained for he Toibua in battle, while equally yearn ing for the redemption of South Caro lina, feared laat a ?tres?ous campaign might /be suppressed by military forje. President Grant was a man of few words, but stern ind unrelenting HE CIVILIAN. I ii Shattered State in ro. spirit. Tu crushing civil revolution in Louisiana and causing members of the Legislature to be dragged from their ?cats by a file of soldiery he had plainly showed his hand. Again, in 1875. while refusing to send troops to Mississippi, he declared: "The whole public are tired with these annual autumnal outbreaks in the South, and the great majority are ready now to condemn any interference on the part of thc Government. I heartily wish that peace and good order may be re stored without issuing the proclama tion. Hut if it is issued I shall in struct the commander of the force to have no child's play." It was further feared that thc nomination of a man BO prominent as Hampton iu ivar might be construed as evidence of a rebel lious sentiment. At this time it was estimated that there were in round numbers 100,000 black voters and only 70,000 whites. Said a distinguished Carolinian: "In war three may count more than five, but they have novcr counted thus in arithmetic." How. were 15,000 colored voters to be ob tained except by au alliance with Chamberlain? So prejudiced were tho negroes against Democracy in any form, and so carefully were they kept away from Democratic meetings by their leaders, that it would bo impos sible to conduct a missionary cam paign among them. A oampaigu of violence would certainly come to a violent cud in tho present temper of "the Smoky Caesar." Such were tho arguments of the Nows and Courier and of thoso who preferred to follow tho example of Virginia, in which State thc Democrats had helped to elect a Republican Governor and a Dcmooratic Lieutenant Governor, who, upon the resignation of the former to accept another position, assumed the duties of the Gubernatorial office. Without nominating Chamberlain the Democrats would not oppose him. It was suggested that Gon. James Con ner, or some other man, wocld be a good candidate to be eleoted Lieuten ant Govornor on thin programmo. The presonoe of Federal troops would bo a serious menace to Demo cratic hopes, not so muoh for the sup pression of the white- as for the effect on tho blaoks, who regarded a blue coat as a direot order from Washing ton to "stick to de party." It was hoped what absence of opposition would induoc Chamberlain not to call for troops, while it was known that in a heated straightout campaign these powerful auxiliaries would bo demand ed and sont on very slight provoca tion. On the other hand it was shown that every previous attempt at fusion of any kind had rcsuitod only in dis appointment; that all : 'UH pointed to a national Demooratic victory, that the North was tired of military drag onnades and that the whites should no longer call themselves Conservatives, but assume their old nod honorable titlo of Democrats. In this dilemma tho whites were divided into two wings; thoso who demanded a straight aut fight without waiting any longor ind those who adopted for their motto, "Watch and wait." At first tho lattor wore in a majority, but in poli cios, aa in physics, a moving body can tlways overcome a similar body at -cst, and the "Stroightouts" gained constantly. A compromiso demands i cool head and cool blood. When >lood is up and passions are aroused m extreme policy always wiu3. When the Democratic Exeoutive Committee mot. it was resolved, after liscussion, to call a Convention for he 15th of August. It was felt that his move forced the hands of those vho desired delay, for the Republican Convention would not meet until Sep embcv and tho character of tho ticket nit forward by it could not bo pre aged. lu a letter to tho Register Col. 31. C. Butler advocated the notni lation of Hampton. From his sum ner home, in Cashier's Valley, N. C., Jon. Hampton wrote to tho Register n reply. Ho advocated a Straightout ickot "of our own true, tried and rusty sons," but would cheerfully aq [uicsoo in any policy that might bo idopted. No hope can bo entertained ave in united counsels aud harmo lious action. While not wishing tho mrdon and hoping that some ono oise night bo chosen, he bolioved that ?very one should sorvo in any oapaoity vhon called upon. Alluding to Goa. Sutler's lettor he said: "I only ask ;hat thia call shall be made with una nimity, and that thoso making it will )c fully prepared, like mysolf, to make vny sacrifice, and devote energy and ?very effort to the redemption of our prostrate State." The Conventiont composed of ablest non from all parta of the State, met ;n tho 15th S?pi?iuhor. The Straight rats sneoeeded in eleoting the presi dent. The Convention then went into seoret session to decide its polioy. i \ i After several hours of discussion thc , doors opened and it was announced ! that a resolution to proceed to uomi ' nations immediately had prevailed by u vote of 8-? to Gi. Butler then nomi nated Hampton. Before any further action was taken Hampton appeared before the Convention and made an j address. Ile earnestly desired con cord. Ile had refused to be Gover nor in 18?J) and felt now that his day was past. "But if ever the time should come when by word or deed or ' action I thought I could serve my State I would give all that I have and make any sacrifice." ".Men of wis dom had considered that his nomina tion would bc inexpedient for the National Democracy. If this be true he would decline the nomination. Ile had no doubt that if Tilden s'iould bc elected South Carolina would be re deemed." "Wc havo only to say that South Carolina is ours and wo will work for her redemption. He suggested that his Confederate record would be a bar to his nomination. He could not dispossess himself of it and would not if he could. "All the offices in thc world might perish before he would say HO. But his friends should consider this point carefully. If any one else should be selected he would work with a lighter heart than if chosen himself." Ile then retired. The Convention nominated him with enthusiasm and thc fight was on. Democrats of all shades of opinion flocked to Hamp ton's banner and native Republicans carno over to him day by day. As the straightout movement had been inaugurated iu the Piedmont i and a large majority of the whites lived in that section, it was resolved to open tho campaign near tho foot ol the mountains and bring tho tide of enthusiasm ever swelling to tho sea board. On tho 22 d of September c monster meeting greeted Hampton at Anderson. Sixteen hundred horse men rode in lino and more than sh thousand persons were in attendance from all the country round. Hamp ton deolarod that at one of these meetings he spoke to eleven acres ol buggy umbrellas. His voice, whil< not harsh, possessed a rosonant fibr? and great power, so that almost in < conversational tone he was able tc throw it to the utmost limits of i gathering of several thousands. The keynote of the campaign wai sounded in his speech of acceptant and was maintained at all meetings It was in substance as follows: "The platform which you hav adopted is so catholio in its spirit, si broad in its construction, that every one in South Carolina who honestl; desires reform can find room to stan upon it. With such a platform whore all our citizens of all partie and races can find room to stand, as surod of equal rights and protection you oan surely bring baok to our die traded State the great blessings o good government. "As for myself, should I be electe to thc high position for whioh yo have nominated mo, my solo effor shall be to restore our State Govern ment to decenoy, to honesty, to eoonc my and to integrity. I shall be th Governor of thc whole people, makin no vindictive discrimination, holdin tho scales of justice with firm and im partial hand, seeing, so far as in m lies, that the laws are enforced in ju: tioe, tompered hy mercy, proteotin all classes alike and devoting evor effort to the restoration of proapent and tho re-establishment of honoi government." Tho platform on whioh he etoo called upon "all of the citizens c South Carolina, irrespective of rac< color or previous condition, to rall with us in its redemption, for it i evident that substantial and lastin reform is impossible within the rani of tho Republican party of the State. The following plodgo was given: "W plcdgo ourselves to proteot tho pe: sons, rights and proporty of all il people and to speedily bring to sun mary justice any who daro viola! them." The party "cordially invit< the co operation of every Democri and Republican who is earnest ar willing, iu this orisis of tho State, < unite with us in this great work." True to his policy, Hampton ai drcssrd a largo portion of each speec to such colored men as wero presen though, through tho machination i the Radioal leaders, most of the were induced to refrain from atten ing D?mocratie wco tings. This in bility to secure tho ear of tho color? pooplo had always boon one of tl difficulties with whioh the whites hi to contend. His plea to thom wi "We voted for Carpenter, Tomlina and Green, and now we ask you help us;" and ho always expressed I desire for a freo, open and fair di cussion. He wanted no strife, no d turbaoco, no bloodshed. The Den oratio committee sont to the Repub oan committee a proposal to hold joi discussions, but this was refused. It was soon realised that Hampt was making a strong impression bc within and without the State, and tl barring some untoward acoident some interference from Washing! his campaign was in a fair, way to crowned with success. Thia i gratifying to him and his followe who had entered upon a sort of f I lorn ho;>e, whioh had been viewed j with complacency by the National Re publicans, who sadly needed some outbreak in thc South "to Ore the Northern heart," and with dread by National Democrats, who feared it. But for the wisdom and influence of Hampton such an outbreak might have occurred, for the whole State lay in a storm centre that might induce a cyclone at any timo. But Hampton laid a firm hand upon the rudder of the ship of Stato and not only steered his own course, bnt made the enemy follow the lines marked upon his chart. By October most cf thc native Republicans had declared for him aud there were signs of a br^ak-up among thc negroes. Democrats, arrayed in red shirts, a cheap, but conspicuous and attractive uniform, rode in long [ processions, sometimes yelling like j fiends, sometimes, in the stillness oi I death, either form of manifestation ! proving injurious to the nerves of thc Republican masses. No violence had occurred, save one conflict at Kllentoc between negroes who had refused t< submit to arrest and thc county sherif with an armed possee. On the 7th of October Governo; Chamberlain issued a proclamatioi that "domestic violence" existed, anc ordered the dispersion of armed band: that were attempting io sebvert lega authority. Some days later Presi dent Grant took a hand and also is sued a proclamation ordering illega armed bands to disperse and retire t< their homes. Chairman Haskell rc plied: "We cannot disperse, becaus we are not banded together, and w cannot retire to our homes, booaus we are already there." He also prc cured written statements from al the Judges of tho State, save Wig gins, that quiet prevailed in Sout Carolina, and tho Courts were full ablo to maintain order and preserv tho peace. On the 16th cf August Don Cam? ron, Secretary of War, had issued tb following order to Gen. Shermai commander-in-chief of the arm] "The President directs that in ai cordance with the spirit of (a resoh tion of the House) you are to hold a the available forces under your cos mand not engaged in subduing tl savages on the Western frontier, i readiness to be used upon the call i requisition of the proper legal author ties for the protection of citizens, r gardless of race, oolor or previous coi dition or political opinion, in the exe oise of their right to vote, and assist in the enforcement of certa condign and aotual punishment upc all persons who shall attempt 1 force, fraud, terror, intimidation otherwise to prevent the free exerci of suffrage," "and to have such for so distributed and stationed as to 1 able to render prompt assistance the enforcement of the law." Having proclaimed domestic vi lenee, despite the testimony of t Judges, Governor Chamberlain call for troops without convening the Le islaturc, taking the position that the present temper of the people would be unsafe for the Legislature assemble. The Democrats bittet traversed this declaration and prote ed that the provisions of the Cons tution of the United States had be violated. The general of the army now ord? ed company after company to Sou Carolina. It was reported that jr. before OK asing the State line the ol cers issued ball cartridges and them were under arms, expecting inonu tarily to run into an ambuscade. Th were much surprised as they jdarni ed along the route to Columbia to fir instead of tumult and disorder, eve one peacefully going about his or nary business. As a general rule ( officers wore Republicans and some them intensely part'"--MI. The ; vates were for the most part Deo srats, and when off duty they evin? their distaste for their work by h rahing for Tilden and Hampton, a occasionally elbowing colored poo off the sidewalks on the baok stree Glen. Rugcr, who had been a politic oof oro ho entered the army, and \ in extreme partisan, was plaoed command of the troops in Souvh Ce lina and he served tho Republioi faithfully. Garrisons were plaoed ilmost every town in the up-ooun md Edgefield County swarmed w blue coats. There was a distinct bi ing up of tho Republicans. The ;roes wero assured by thc leadens * Girant did not intend for them tc back on the party. The negro wot beoame especially violent, threaten to "boycott" their husbands if t lared voto for Hampton, and sore ing like domonds whon they saw negroes in red shirts. Hampton n iged to hold his followers in ot disciplino and went on conducting sampaign of peace. He was ably onded by Col. A. 8. Haskell, from headquarters in Oolumbia< duo ted the g?n?ral oampaign. two months this canvass contint and it waa remarked as a favor augury that during that time no Tell upon Hampton and Ma' a peal All was fair weather. The fateful 7lho? November arr ind there w?a a fierce battle of ba aver the wholo Union. The next (I waa gloved that the country ?eolared f or Tilden and South Ca? for Hampton. The jubilation that ensued may bo imagined. Impromptu meetings and torchlight processions were held everywhere. In Fairfield the Ridgeway Club, mounted and caoh with a lightwood toroh in his hand, paraded through the country for miles, casting a weird light upon the border ing pine forests. The Republicans, however, refused to yield and immediately began to throw out Democratic votes in Louisi ana, florida and South Carolina. Io South Carolina Hampton had received a majority of 1,100 votes, and the Democrats had secured a quorum of the House of Representatives, which was to count the Gubernatorial vote. The returning board endeavored to throw out tho votes of Edgefield and Laurens and secure a majority for Chamberlain and Republican ascen dency in the House. It refused to obey a mandamus of tbe State Supreme Court, ordering it to give certificates to tho members from these two coun ties, and when the day for the meet ing of the Assembly arrived these members were not allowed by a guard of soldiers to enter the hall. While the Democratic members wero parley ing with the guard in the State House an immense crowd had assembled at the outer door and was clamoring for admission. The army officer asked Gen. Hampton to endeavor to get them to retire. Hampton stepped forward and was greeted with vocifer ous cheering. He waved his hand and stilled the multitude and then spoke SB follows: "My friends, I am truly doing what I have done earnestly during this whole exciting contest-pouring oil upon the troubled waters. It is of the greatest importance to us all as citizens of South Carolina that peace shall bo preserved. I appeal to you all, white and oolored, to keep down all violence or disturbance. Ono act of violenoe may precipitate bloodshed and desolation. I implore you, there fore, to keep the peace. I beg all my friends to disperse, to leave the grounds of this Capitol, and I advise all colored men to do the t,ame. Keep perfectly quiet. Leave the streets and do nothing to provoke a riot. We trust to the law and the Constitution and we have a perfect faith in our cause." The effect of these words of peaee, accompanied by a spirit of absolute confidence in the final result, was magical. Carl McKinley, in his re port to the News and Courier, wrote: "The whites immediately dispersed, followed by a great many negroes, and in a few minutes the Capitol grounds were deserted." Another grave crisis was averted a few days later, when it was reported that the Democratic House, which had entered the Hall of Representatives and taken joint possession with the Mackey House, Was co be ejeqted by Chamberlain's constables and Federal troops. Democrats, armed with Win chesters and pistols, hurried to Colum bia by every train, and by 10 o'clock Monday morning there were about 5,000 excited men in the streets. The Wallace House, after consultation, re tired to avert any chance of breaking the peaceful policy, which up to that time had been so successful. But the people, fearing that all hope of a peaceful settlement was ended, were ready lo scale the walls of the State House and throw the whole Re publican assemblage out of the win dows, or even kill them and destroy the Federal garrison. It was one of those oooasions on whioh men in hot blood commit an act that they will bitterly rue ever after. The 'task of extermination would not have been difficult. Io that gathering were sev eral thousands of the best soldiers the [CONTINUED ON 6TH PAGE.] "DOES MOTHER WANT ME?" The little fellow has blown with all .-^ his strength, and the downy tufts still cling to tbe dande lion stem. Accord ung to the oracle Of childhood mother does not want him.. mother would tell a different steuy. She has noticed the weak ness of the lunga, and if she Baw him now,' flushed with his unusual effort and struggling to stifle the cough which followed it, she'd feel how much she wanted him, and wanted those "weak" lungs made strong, that she might not lose him. 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