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Bti CLINKSCALES & LANGSTON. ANDERSON, S. C, WEDNESDAY MORNING, MAY 8, 1895. VOLUME XXIX.?NO. 45 THAT'LL HURRY UP ' TRADE ? That's a question that is easily answered: Just Jook over the specials in Clothing, Hats and Furnishings WE ARE SHOWING. S?r New Goods and great values on our counters all the time. Nice looking, rightly made, and nothing cheap about them but the price. IB. O- ZETV^ItsTS & GO. Clothiers, Hatters and Furnishers. Everything in the Hardware Line can he found at BR JUST RECEIVED, one car load Georgia Steel Plows?all the latest and best Shapes. Plow Stocks, Plow Handles, Hames and Collar Pads almost at your own price. We keep everything in the shape of Turning Plows. Our Genuine 0. C. Plow for Terracing is the best to be had anywhere, and the price is always right. Don't forget that our Genuine Boy Dixie Plow, with Patent Adjusta? ble Land Slide, is the best Dixie Plow on the market. Plenty of Starkes' Dixie Plows always on hand. Aro you in the market for? BLACKSMITH tools Of any description ? If so, be sure to get our prices, for it will astonish you to know how low we can sell you a set. Have you tried our Plow-boy Back Baud Buckle? If not, try them, for 'tis a pleasure to use a Back Band that will not slip, rust or bend. Come and see us, and remember our terms are Spot Cash, which is the great lever t<" low prices. Yours always truly, BROCK BROS, P. S.?Car Load Barb Wire just received, E-U <- ' ' ? " " '-'- -- ? WHY ORDER ? PIANOS and ORGANS -From any other Market when THE C. A. REED MUSIC HOUSE Can and will Save you Money by Buying at Home. OUR Goods are bought in large lots from the Manufacturers for CASH Our expenses are much lighter than dealers in larger cities, who sell almost exclusively through Sub-Agents, thus adding largely to the price* charged you. A"nd, besides, we have the LARGEST STOCK IN THE STATE to select from, and every Instrument is sold under? A POSITIVE GUARANTEE. JST" We respectfully solicit your patronage, which will be highly ap? preciated. Respectfully, C. A. HEED MUSIC HOUSE, Anderson, S. C. FURNITURE ! FURNITURE!! largest stock, lowest prices, best goods ! COFFINS and CASKETS furnished Day or Night. WE have on hand the LARGEST and BEST-SE? LECTED Stock of FURNITURE in South Carolina ! bought thia Summer when everything struck bottom, and while there was a big cut in freights. We have determined to giro the People the advantage of our BARGAINS ! We will Sell you Furniture at Prices helow anything: ever heard of in this Couutry hefore ! And prioes it is impossible for anyone else to buy the same quality of Goods for. When you need anything in the Furniture line give us a call, and? WE WILL SAVE YOU MONEY. Prices Lower than Cotton at 5c. Yours for business, G. F. TOLLY & SON, The Leaders of Low Prices. J. P. SULLIVAN CO., -Will sell you the Best Coffee, The Cheapest Flour, Crockery, Decorated and Plain, Dinner and Tea Sets, All for leis Money thin you have been paying:. J. P. SULLIVAN & CO, EVACUATION OF YORKTOWN. Interesting Facts About the Evacuation of Yorktown by the Confederate Army in 1862. Memorial Day in Augusta was fit? tingly observed on April 20. General M. C. Butler, of South Carolina, was orator of the day, and made the fol addrcss: Comrades of the Confederate Survi? vors and Ladies' Memorial Association of Augusta: With you permission T will depart from the usual rule on oc? casions like this, when the speaker is expected to entertain his hearers with at least an effort at oratory, and con? fine my remarks to a simple narrative, descriptive of an event during the evacuation of Yorktown by the Con? federates in May, 1S(>2, which had s.n important bearing on the movement of the troops of both armies, and was full of thrilling interest to those of us engaged in it. 1 trust the narrative may be of some historic value and correct mistakes which have gained circulation. Eight or ten years ago, I was intro? duced to a gentleman at the Hotel Continental in Paris, who had held the rank of a general officer in the Federal army, or perhaps a general by brevet, whose name I regret I cannot now recall. Our conversation drifted pleasantly with reminiscences of our late civil war, and while he expressed great admiration for Gen. Geo. 33. McClelland, said he had served on his staff, etc., criticised him very severe? ly for allowinig 48 hours to elapse before he discovered we had abandoned Yorktown, and adjacent works. I told him iu regard to that substantially what I shall say here, and convinced him of how much he was mistaken. It will be remembered that General Jos. E. Johnston, who at that time commanded the Army of Northern Virginia, withdrew his forces in the winter of '62 from the lines in front of Manassas, and reinforced Gen. Jno. B. Magrudcr in command of the troops on the peninsular of Virginia, with his headquarters at or near York town. Magruder had fortified his lines with very heavy earthworks, forts and en? trenchments, and they were strength? ened on the arrival of General John? ston with his reinforcements, so that from the York River on the east, to the James River on the south and west there was a strong line of defen? sive works. McClelland, the Federal commander, confronted Johnston with a powerful, well-equipped and discip? lined army, with his base of opera? tions at Fortress Monroe, and adjacent points, supported by a strong naval force in the adjoining waters. An examination of the map will show what a vantage ground he had; a pow? erful fortress and vessels of war in his immediate rear, with nothing to threaten or disturb his base of sup? plies, with two large navigable rivers on both of Johnston's flanks. John? ston had no naval support or none of account, with a long line of communi? cation to his base, Richmond. McClelland, however, must have concluded Johnston's position was too strong to be carried by direct as? sault, so lie sat down in front of him, and begun to seige, by parallels and no doubt eventually have prevailed with his great advantage of position and marine support. General Johnston realized McClel laud's superior stragetic position, with both flanks more or less exposed to attack from the Federal war ships, : while he was receiving an attack in I front, decided to evacuate his works, and move back on Richmond. The retreat begun on the night of May 3d., I 1862. Gen. G. W. Smith had charge I of the line of retreat on the York River side, and, I believe, Gen. Long street on the James River side. At that time I commanded a battalion of four companies of South Carolina cav? alry, encamped at Whittaker's Mill, about three miles back of Y'orktown. In the order of march, I was as? signed the duty of bringing up the rear of Smith's division, consisting of Whiting's, Hood's, and Hampton's brigades of infantry and several bat? teries of light artillery. 1 trust I may bo pardoned for this reference to my? self, but it is necessary, to make my statement intelligible. The general order, of which a copy was delivered to me, directed that Whiting in immediate command of his own, and the other two brigades, Hood's and Hampton's, should follow 1). H. Hill's division, that Hill would move at sunset on the evening of the 3d of May, and that I should bring up Whiting's rear with the cavalry, j Whiting moved out about two miles J from Yorktown on the Williamsburg Road, and halted for Hill's depart? ment. He sent me in to report when Hill had left. I accordingly rode into Yorktown between sunset and dusk and found Hill had broken camp. Everything was astir as IIill moved out and I so reported to Whiting. Here was the beginning of my troubles for the night. As I rode along one of the streets of this antiquated and celebrated town, a small boy. I suppose some drummer boy of Hill's division, yelled out to me at the top of his voice, ''Look out, sir, a torpedo has been planted in front of you." I looked down and sure enough just in front of me I dis? covered the fresh earth where the boy said a torpedo had been planted. My horse's feet could not have missed it twelve inches, and it goes without saying I gave a wide birth to it after? wards, and required no further admon? ition to look out for fresh earth as long as I remained thereabouts that evening. It was also provided in the general order that a '"desultory fire" should be kept up by our artillerymen on Mc Clelland's works until 9 o'clock that night, so as to cover the retreat, when the gunners were to move rapidly out and join their commander. When the firing ceased Whiting was to break up his bivouac and follow towards Wil? liamsburg. Inasmuch as we .vcrc to march in the night time a uighl signal, of three claps of the hands, answered by three whistles, was incorporated in t he order of march, so that we might distinguish friend from foe. The night was quite cool, and Whit? ing had a blazing lire kindled in an open field, around which gathered Whiting. Hood, Hampton, several others and myself awaiting the signal ?the cessation of the artillery lire ;it Yorktown?we waited and waited and waited. The hour id' nine had passed, and still we could hear an occasional shot, until about midnight. 1 return? ed to my bivouac in the edge of an adjacent wood, and had just curled myself under a tree lap. with my sad? dle for a pillow to snatch a brief nap, when, to add to the pleasures of the situation, a courier rode up with an order from General Whiting to report to him at once with a mounted detach? ment. I accordingly ordered out Capt. McFic with about 10 men and prompt? ly reported. He directed me to pro? ceed at onco to York town, have the town and forts patrolled and ascer? tain what the firing meant, that he had been notified would cease at 0 o'clock. It was then after midnight and the "desultory fire'' was still kept Imagine the prospect of riding into and through a town in the small hours of a dark night, where I learned the deadly torpedo had been planted for the benefit of the incoming army. There was nothing else to do. When we rode into the town, and as I then apprehended "into the jaws of death," there was not a sound, not a light, except in a vacated hospital on the principal street. On examination the hospital was found to contain two con? trabands?negroes?who were awaiting the arrival of their deliverers. Send? ing them to the rear was the work of a very few minutes. We continued our explorations through the town and below, to the main line of fortifica? tions. The stillness and darkness of the place was dismal, oppressive, ag? gravated, and intensified by the con? trast with the scene the last time I had visited it, about sunset, when all was hustle and haste; and also by the crop of torpedos, lurking, we knew not where. There was no firing, no human be? ing apart from our own detachment. Thinking, perhaps, our cannoneers might have mistaken uh for Federal cavalry and concealed themselves, I dismounted, moved alone through the abandoned Confederate camp where the "A" tents left standing had been cut into sheds, aod their tatered walls flapped listlessly in the night breeze. I climbed to the top of the fortifica? tions and gave the night signal, but received in return not a sound. I could hear the rumbling noise from McClelland's camps, as he was digging away on his approaches. Returning to the courier, McTear, who was hold? ing my horse, I was just in the act of mounting when I observed a flash from the water, where the Federal fleet was anchored, and in an instant a meteor? like light described the arc of a circle in the heavens and much quicker than it takes me to tell it a huge shell ex? ploded not more than 40 feet from us. To say that we were demoralized by this sudden and unexpected explosion, so uncomfortably near, would be a very mild way of putting it. This unwelcome messenger from the enemy's vessels explained the mys? tery. Our men had ceased firing at 0 o'clock, but the canoneers of the Federal fleet had not, and that is what misled Whiting and all of us. I need not say to any old soldier in this au? dience, we did not let the grass grow under our feet getting out of York town that night, notwithstanding the budding crop of torpedos. I, how? ever, dispatched McTear in haste to inform General Whiting that the firing we had heard was from the enemy's vessels and followed along as rapidly as we dared, sending Lieutenant Jno. T. Khett with six men along the beach of York Kivcr to patrol that part of the town to make sure that there was no enemy lurking tlnre. Just before reaching the outlet through the entrenchments, or sort of sally-port on the upper side of the town, a vrry amusing but natural alarm occurred. We were moving along at a rapid walk in columns of fours, when Capt. McFic, at the head of the column near me, knocked his pipe on the pummel of his saddle, j The sparks dropped on each side, and as if by instinct, men and horses filed off suddenly to the right and left, im? agining we had at last struck a torpe? do. Happily it was a false alarm. In a very few minutes we encoun? tered another peril, in fact it may be said it was a night of perils and a chapter of incidents. We had scarce? ly cleared the main entrenchment above Yorktown, when we were hailed by one of those threatening saluta? tions, rendered almost weird and fierce by the '"'solemn stillness" of the night. "'Who comes there?" Now mind you we had passed down this same road not more than an hour be? fore tins, perhaps not so long, I had not been notified that any other Con? federate was to be at or near York town, and as it turned out the officer who I met, had no knowledge of our being there. So you may imagine our mutual surprise. Fortunately, I had ridden a little in advance of the col? umn o.fter the pipe incident, and thus received the challenge in person. I replied in the usual way "A friend with the countersign." Thcman,had either not been advised the night sig? nal, or had forgotten it. lie yelled out again, "Who comes there?" I| replied again in tone and language, not as gentle as would be used in the boudoir of a fair lady. "Friend with the countersign, why don't you order me to dismount, advance and give the countersign?" Meantime I was ad? vancing, imagining. I heard the click of his carbine. Finally I got near him and told him who I was. There was relief on both sides, for it turned out that the man was a videttc from the Tenth Yirginia cavalry, lie in? formed me his regiment was just at the foot of th.e hill, and that he had boon posted there by order of Col. J. Lucius Davis, as gallant a gentleman as ever wcildod a sabre. I found the Tenth Virginia with the men all dis? mounted, at a wharf of landing, de stroying quartermaster stores. Col. Davis and myself exchanged greetings, and I passed on to report to Whiting. Not far from the wharf or landing, just south of it, was a newly built house, which I was informed was an ordinance store house, with fixed ammunition and other ordinance stores. When we had proceeded about two hundred yards from where we had parted with Col. Davis, we heard a loud explosion, followed by what ap? peared to be successive volleys of musketry?about where we had so recently left the Tenth Virginia. 11 was struck with surprise and bewilder? ment as you may well imagine. I am sure not more than 10 or IT) minutes j had elapsed since 1 had patrolled the town without finding the enemy, and a brief five minutes since T hail made my parting salutions to Col. Davis, and yet the indications were he was being savagely attacked. I at once dispatched a messenger to him. saying I would return to his aid. if necessary, and lie desired it. Very soon the second mystery was explained. He sent me word he was not being attack? ed, that lie had sent three men to de? stroy the ordinance store house, and when they pushed the door to enter, an '"infernal machine" fixed there to catch the Yankees, had gone off. kill? ed one of his men and wounded another. In addition to this, it had ignited the ammunition which went off in volleys, and waked the echoes for miles. "VYc pushed on towards Gen. Whit? ing, and had not proceeded far, when we encountered another "lone senti? nel" who challenged me more fiercely than the first. This time it was an infantry man. I believe our "web footed" friends Bay they are more dangerous than the "critter compan? ies," but I had about the same experi? ence with the foot soldier, that I had with the cavalryman. We finally got by this trouble to encounter a more dangerous and threatening one?not that we could not have taken care of one man, but if a shot had been fired under the circumstances, it is difficult to say what would have happened. The third and last "call," was from a company of infantry. The men were deployed across the fork in the road. It was fortunately getting a little light. The first streaks of the early dawn were breaking. The officer in charge hearing the volleys from a col? umn approaching from the direction of the enemy naturally supposed we were enemies. His men had their guns cocked, ready to fire, when he recognized us. What a deliverance! I explained what might be regarded a "comedy of errors," but for the dead ty work of the "infernal machine" and sought Whiting. Hood, Hampton and himself had been startled by what they supposed was musketry firing and were mounted, rapidly making their dispositions for a fight. Troops were deployed in line of battle, batteries stationed, ambulances and supply trains ordered to the rear, and the field bristled with bayonets. After learning the true state of affairs, breaking the line into columns and heading towards Williamsburg with a swinging stride was the work of a few minutes. . , After his column got fairly under way, Whiting sent back to the vicinity of Yorktown. Halting on the hill where we first heard the ordinance house volleys, about sunrise I heard the shouts of McCIclland's troops, when doubtless they were aroused by the work of the "infernal machine" and appraised of our departure. So that instead of 48 hours, it was not 12, before McClelland must have known of the evacuation. How long it might have been but for the "infernal ma? chine" of course, is a matter of con? jecture, but the facts are as I have related them. The only criticism to which I think McClelland was amendable was that he did not have a flying column mob lized and ready to advance promptly and overtake Johniton's retreating army. I brought up the rear of G. W. Smith's command. Fender's Regi? ment of Whiting's brigade holding the rear of the infantry column. We moved leisurely the entire day of the 4th of May, frequently halting at long intervals, and were not approached by the enemy until late that afternoon in the neighborhood of Williamsburg, which, as I now remember, is nine miles from \Torktown. About 4 p.m., I was joined by Col. J. Lucius Davis with his Tenth Regiment of Virgin? ians and Lieutenant-Colonel, after? wards Brigadier-General W. C. Wick ham with the Fourth Virginia cavalry, my battalion still in the rear. We observed across a wide, open field, a line of mounted skirmishers, deployed in perfect order, covering the entire field. I appealed to Colonel Davis, the ranking officer present, to be al lowed to charge them with my four companies, but he would not consent, and the approaching line did not ad? vance, but was content with firing a few Bhots at long range. We leisurely withdrew, passed Fort Magruder, and drew up in line in an open field near Williamsburg. We had scarcely dis? mounted, standing to horse, when a messenger came at full speed saying General Johnston wanted the cavalry. To mount and be off in a gallop was a movement quickly executed. My com? mand happened to be nearest, and, therefore, the first to receive the order, took the advance. General Johnston and his staff was standing on the roadside, not far from Fort Magruder, a strong earthwork oc? cupied by McLaw's brigade. General Johnston ordered me to report to Gen? eral McLaws at the fort. McLaws pointed to about four squadrons of Fedcal cavalry drawn up in line in an apple orchard somo three h .udred yards north of the fort, and said, "I want you to drive that cavalry away." We made at them, put them to flight and drove them pell mell across a ravine very wet and boggy, many of their horses floundered in the mud, and captured 17 men and horses. Pursuing up the -other declivity we ran into their reserves, the United States 2d Dragoons. The whole regi? ment then made for my four compa? nies, and it came our time to get back. At one time we were mixed up with the Federals, and it was one of the very few occasions during the war that I ever saw an opportunity to use the sabre. Night coming on we retired to our bivouacs, for much needed rest and food for men and animals. The next day the battle of Williamsburg was fought, but I will not attempt an ac? count of that as I fear your patience is fatigued already by too much dcail. The point I desire to bring about by this narrative is that 48 hours did not elapse before McClelland discovered Johnston's retreat. Second, that but for Whiting's naturally mistaking the "desultory fire" from the Federal fleet for that of our own artillerymen he would probably have reached Wil? liamsburg about the time he left the vicinity of Yorktown, and third, that the chances were McClellaud would not have not known of our retiring for several hours later than he did but for the explosion at the ordinance store house, and, therefore, the battle of Williamsburg might have been avoided. Those familiar with military opera? tions and how battles are fought, need not be reminded of what influence small accidents or incidents have on results?and often determine the fate of armies, and sometimes of govern? ments and dynasties. 1 remember it was said at the time, if the courier from Beauregard to Boulcam and Longstroet occupying the right of our line at the first battle of Manasscs, with an order to move for? ward their brigades, had not lost his way, McClelland's arm, beaten by our left and centre, retreating towards "Washington in confusion and panic, might have been intercepted and cap? tured. The failure of Fitz John Porter to receive Pope's order in time, as was claimed, or his failure to obey it as was char/red by Popo, was advanced by Pope and his defenders, as the reason for Pope's loss of the second battle of Manaisas. Many, many incidents might be cited to show what insignificant events effect great results. A case in point is of very recent occurrence. The shooting and attempted assassanation of the Chinese l'eace Knvoy. Li llunc Chang, by a Japanese crank or luna? tic, is said to have molified the intense war spirit of the Japanese, and not only hastened the treaty of peace, but abated the terms and conditions con? templated by the victorious Japanese. Many of you doubtless recall the praphic description .irivcn by Victor Hugo of the Battle of Waterloo in his marvellous book "Lea Miserables." He represents the Kreuch Emperor Napoleon as having impressed a Bel? gian peasant Lacoste, as a guide, and kept him by his side strapped to his horse. But the crises of this great historic battle on the result of which hung the fate of Europe Napoleon is said to have asked the peasant guide a question, to which he nodded assent. Thereupon the Emperor ordered that celebrated but fatal charge of the curi assiers, the miscarriage of which turn? ed the tide of battle against him. The inference was that Napoleon ask? ed the unfriendly guide if the ground was suited for cavalry manouvres and the guide answered in the affirmative, knowing the contrary to be true, inten? tionally leading Napoleon into blun? der, at a vital crisis. Of course, allowances must be made for the embellishments of a novelist, but, I believe the facts he state? are substantially correct, and Victor Hugo draws the conclusion from them, that not only was the Battle of Waterloo decided, but the map of Europe changed "by the nod of a peasant." After the battle of Williamsburg, Johnson's retreat into the fortifica? tions around Richmond, the invest? ment of that city by McClelland, the battle of Seven Pines, the wounding of Johuston, and assignment of Lee to the command of the army, the san? guinary seven days fighting at Me chanicsville, Frasier's Farm, Gaine's Mill, Old Cold Harbor, Malvcrn Hill, McClclland's discomforturc and retire? ment to his gun boats on the James River are matters of history. There was one manouvre in those series of brilliant momcmcnts about which I have felt anxious to procure correct information without success? whether Johnston before he retired from the command of the army, or Lee after he assumed command, con? ceived the strategy, by which Jackson crossed the mountains from the valley and struck McClelland such a terrible blow on his right flank at Mechanics ville and doubled it back on his cen? ter. Either of these great generals, both masters in the art of war, were cajiable of the brilliant conception, but I doubt if another living soldier could have executed it as did the im? mortal Jackson. My rank did not entitle me to the confidence of those entrusted with the conduct of military operations, but I remember the gossip in the army decided that Jackson was being greatly reinforced from Rich? mond to enable him to cross the Pota inac and strike Washington in the rear. What must have been our sur? prise then, and what the surprise of the Federals, when Jackson appeared suddenly and hurled his terrific thun? derbolts against McClelland' right? I do not recall any strategy of war, or of any war, more brilliant in con? ception or more splendid and brilliant in execution. McClelland has been charged with having been slow of movement, over cautious, wanting in boldness and audacity, but he was a great soldier, a profound student of the art of war, great in organization, discipline and perfection of his plans?active and in? itiative in their execution. It is no disparagement to the greatest soldiers on either side to say, in many respects he was the equal of the greatest of them. It behooved him to be cautious and wary in the presence of such military giants as confronted him, and he fur? nished the best evidence of his high soldierly qualities, by tho manner in which he extricated himself from the clutches of Lee and Jackson in the seven days fighting, preserving the morale of his army under the terrible pounding of Lee's legions, always pre? senting a fierce, fighting line of battle, whenever the guantlct was thrown down. A TTay to Grow Wise. Most boys and girls arc fond of good books ; but many of them, when they have read a volume through, toss it quickly aside, and without giving a second thought to the contents of its pages, hasten away in search of some new entertainments. I want to give a bit of advice on this subject of reading, which I hope j some of my readers will follow. You all wish to become intelligent and well informed men and women ; it is for this eud that we all learn to read. But to succeed in our ambi? tion wc must not only know how to read, but how to make use of what we read. The writings of all the learned men in the world could not make us wise if our minds were not trained to think, reason and remember. So here is my advice. After read? ing a book or article, give two or three minutes quiet thought on the subject; sec how much of it you can remember, and if there were any new ideas, instructive facts or interesting points that attracted your attention, force yourself to recall them. It may be a little troublesome at first, but the very effort to think it all out will engrave the facts deeply on the mem? ory ; so deeply that they will not be effaced by the rushing in of a new and different set of ideas. Form the good habit of reviewing what has just been read. It exercises and disciplines the mental faculties, strengthens tho memory and teaches concentration of thought. You will soon learn in this way to think and reason intelligently, and to separate and classify different kinds of infor? mation. Now, shut your eyes ami see if you can remember my advice.?St. Xirh t>luS. ? A medical journal says that in the continued use of the eyes in such work as sewing, typesetting, bookkeep? ing, reading and studying, the saving point is looking up from the work at short intervals and looking around the room. This may be practiced every ten or fifteen minutes. This relieves the muscular tension, rests the eyes and makes the blood supply much better. How's This! Wc offer One Hundred Dollar? Reward fur any case of Catarrh iliat cannot l>o cnrcil by Ha.I s Catarrh Cure. F. J. CHENEY A CO.. Trops., Toledo, 0. We the undersigned have known K.J. Cheney for tho last 15 years, ami believe hltn perfectly honorable In all business transaction and financi? ally alile to carry out any obligation made hy I heir firm. Wist A Tkiax. Wholesale Dmgefstp, Toledo, n. WAr.Dutii, Kisnan A Makvih, Wholesale Drug? gists, Toledo,' i. Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken iiiternally, acting directly upon the blood and mucous surfaces of the system. Price 7Sc. per bottle. Sold by all Druggists. Testimonials free. DAIRY FARMS IN CAROLINA. A Profitable Method of R< storing Worn Out Lands. T<> 'lie Ktlitnr iif the Nieten mul ??M ricr?Dear Sir: I have your letter of a recent date, asking me for some par? ticulars about the dairy interests of the State. South Carolina possesses splendid advantages for dairying. The dairy industry has enriched and is maintain? ing the fertility of the lands of the West that were fast being robbed of their productiveness by the growth and sale of wheet, and it will do the same for the worn lands of the South. At no period of the world's history has any country continued to prosper under such conditions as obtain under the tenant system of the South, and it is only through the treat but not inexhaustible fertility of the soil that permits this system to be continued. With it contrast the tenant system of Great Britain. There the trained intellect of the landlord, often an Ox? ford or Cambridge graduate, directs the minutest details of the manage? ment of his estate, sees that a proper system of rotation in cropping is car? ried on and that out of the returns from the sales of produce, cotton seed meal and other rich feeding stuffs are bought to increase the fertility of his already fertile acres. The result is that her soil is far more fertile than when the feet of Caesar's conquering legions first pressed her shores, and it is to England that the world goes for improved breeds of horses, cattle, sheep and swine. The wasteful and improvident meth? ods of farming followed in the South are rapidly exhausting the fertility accumulated by centuries cf plant growth and decay. When the time arrives, as come it must, where little or no fertilizers are put back o?1 the land to take the place of thoc.. remov? ed by the crops, when tLe crop will not pay the expenses of growing it, the farmer leaves the land for washes and gullies to complete the destruc? tion. Under the old style of gold mining, much gold was lost owing to the crudc ness of the machinery and the methods employed ; with improved appliances the waste of the old crushers is now being profitably worked over. In like manner land that has been exhausted by constant cropping can be profitably worked and made rich again with that improved machine, the dairy cow. The great necessity of the farmer to-day is a better knowledge of his business and better business methods. Having the former, he will take greater interest in the great and intricate problems which he assists nature in solving, and will endeavor to act in co-operation with her, and the latter will cause him to drop the old slip? shod methods of doing and to compete with his fellows in other callings in the struggle for existence. A herd of cows requires the best attention the owner can give 3U5 days in the year. A lazy man will never make a success? ful dairyman, never. Neither will the man who works with his musc.es only, thereby saving head-work. To suc? ceed, the dairyman needs to have a natural fondness for cattle. When the dairyman puts the same amount of attention upon his business as the average business or professional man does upon his he will succeed and not till then. Much of the land in the upper part of the State is too hilly for profitable cultivation. Upon land of this char? acter the sweetest herbage grow3, and with such pasturage, together with the clear and sparkling water which abounds, as fine butter and cheese as is produced anywhere on earth may be made. In Indian corn we have the cheapest cow feed that can be grown, except pasture grass, and with the silo the whole plant may be preserved in a palatable and succulent condition. Because Indian com does not contain the dirTercnt'niaterials needed for the animal body in proper proportions, corn silage is not a complete food, and it is not economical to feed it alone. Supplemented with cotton seed or ootton seed meal and cow pea vine hay, we have a ration which, for com? bining quality with low cost, cannot be excelled. South Carolina herds contain large infusions of Jersey blood, and the milk yielded by them is far richer in solids than the milk of cows of milk producing districts at the North. The health of our herds is also better. Bovine tuberculosis, that terrible scourge, is known here only by name. The advantage the North possesses over us in the matter of climate is more apparent than real, in fact our climate the year round is better adapt? ed for the production of first-class dairy goods than that of New York or Wisconsin. Cheap ice, however, has given the North a decided advantage over us in the summer production of fine butter, an advantage the dairymen have not been slow to seize. But science is now coming to the aid of the Southern dairyman with artificial refrigeration. So cheaply are small ice plants now run in connection with the othermachincry in creameries that many creameries, located where ice is a certain crop, arc not going to the small expense of cutting and storing it. There can be no doubt but that these small refrigerating machines will soon be made cheap enough for use in the private dairy, It is often claimed that we have no large urban population, and that if largely made butter would become a drug upon the market. Good butter rarely fails to bring a remunerative price. Whenever we can make more than enough butter to supply the local trade we can ship our surplus to the Kastern markets. Elgin, 111., the great butter-producing centre of the West, is farther from the markets than we are. Dairying is not a sure and sudden way to get rich, but it returns a safe and steady income the year round. In the matter of direct returns the pro? ducers of milk should not expect too much. They cannot force up the market end of the business, but they have hold of the homo end. ami should direct every effort to bring the cost of production down. The Northern far? mer finds dairying profitable, yet his milk the season round docs not return him over eighty cents per hundred pounds, about seven cents per gallon on the average. Many South Carolina farmers, with whom I have conversed, have told me that they could not produce milk pro? fitably for less than 20 cents a gallon. The intelligent handling of good cows there is no reason why milk can? not bo produced more cheaply here than at the North and as the price of dairy products rule higher, the profit? should be much greater. .1. W. Hart. Dairy Department. Clem ??in College. April 27, Carolina Woman Doctors. ./?'<?">/! the Xnr York Su?. The Southern girl wont around to spend an evening with the trained nurses at their home in west 21st street. There were a dozen or more of them at home that night, and the Southern girl had not been there very long they were demanding to be told told about those ''female doctors down South." "How many of you are M. D.'s ? Hold up your hands," said the South? ern girl. Several hands went up. ''Were any of you ever in Asheville, X. C. ?" Three or four affirmative answers were given. "Good ! Then you know where the Piedmont section of North Carolina is. about eight miles from Asheville. Well, these women doctors I'm going to tell you about flourished there long ago, even before any woman in this State ever studied medicine, I guess. "You sec, it was this way : They had to tako up the practice of medi? cine from sheer necessity. In the early days of the century regular phy? sicians were scarce in rural districts, and this was particularly true of upper Carolina. The only physician in a county lived at the 'Court House,' as the county scat was called. Conse? quently the people living in remote parts of the county would have to ride twenty or twenty-five miles for the doctor. When his office was reached he might then be on the opposite side of the county. This scarcity of phy? sicians and the long distance to be travelled caused the people to rely more on simple remedies. The wo? man who was wisest in administering these soon became the neighborhood doctor. Her knowledge of herbs and roots and their various uses was of great value to the afflicted. Usually she added the practice of mid-wifery to the art of poulticing and blistering. This, too, grew out of the necessities of the people living miles away from the doctor. "These 'granny' women, as they were called, were a sturdy, self-reliant set and most useful in their neighbor? hoods. Often they would ride ten or twelve miles to attend a patient. Some of them were kept so busy that they found a good saddle horse a necessity, and they were just as ready to attend the calls of the sick, day or night, as a genuine man doctor. In cases of child-birth they would often remain with the patient several days, acting as nurse." "Did they use any medicine ?" ask? ed one of the nurses. "They used 'store' medicine very cautiously," answered the Southern girl, "aud their collection of drugs did not go beyond 'calomy,' 'lauda my,' 'camfirc,' 'jollop' and tartar emetic. You learned female doctors and trained nurses may recognize these drugs. "Of these 'granny' women two were especially prominent down to the civil war, and they continued to practice afterward as long as they were able to go. One of these was Granny Mc Kcon and the other Granny McCraw. They were as highly esteemed for their excellence of character and skill in the sick room as the regular male gradu? ates, and many families preferred these women, with their herb teas, poultices and sympathetic ways, to the young graduates who seemed to know everything. The old doctors were always glad to have them on hand, especially in severe cases. If these women had been born later they might have gone to a medical college and have been leaders in the profession, or they might have done the very work that you all are doing. "I wonder what the modern gradu? ate, male, of course, would do," she went on, "in case he was called in suddenly to attend a patient, without his medicine case. I believe he would feel like an idiot searching around for rue or tansy or ground ivy to relieve pain. Now, these 'granny' women couldn't even spell the word botany, but they knew all about plants, and were self reliant enough to use their knowledge." "Can't you tell us some of the rem? edies they used ?" "Oh, yes ! A poultice of catnip was used for any sort of swelling or 'rising,' and a tea of the same was used for 'innard' fevers." "And, pray, what were innard fev? ers ?" some one interrupted. "Inward fever was a low, continued fever that never ran very high," an? swered the Southern girl. "Balm tea was also used to cure fevers, and poul? tices of tansy and confrey were sooth? ing and healing in cases of sprai?s and swollen joints. Children afflicted with hives were made to drink a tea made of yarrow and ground ivy. For pains and aches of any kind, such as toothache, neuralgia, muscular rheu-' matism and the like, the efficacious remedies were poultices made of cat? nip, feathcrfew and king-cure-all. Horseradish was administered for a cough, and lavender tea was given to stop nausea. Rosemary tea was con? sidered a sure cure for hoarseness, and a tea made of thyme was given for dysentery. Children that were rest? less at night, awaking in great fright, were benefited and soothed by tea made of sage and mullein, and elecam? pane was thought to be the very thing for a cough. "These are a few of the remedies used by your forerunners. They pos? sibly were not very efficacious in heal? ing, but they did no harm, and, while they soothed and inspired hope, nature would work out her cure. In the old days nearly every Southern garden contained beds of all these herbs, and the places on the little streams where ground ivy. yellow root and other such remedies abounded were well known by every family. "If 1 didn't see the maid standing there with that plum cake and tea I'd put on my coat and hat and get out on the stoop before telling you all that the rate of mortality was not greater under the regime of the 'granny' wo? men than it is now with all of our drug stores and a doctor located at every crossroads." ? Persons who sympathize with the afflicted will rejoice with l>. K. Carr of Harrison street. Kansas City. He is an old sufferer from inflamma? tory rheumatism, but has nut hereto? fore been troubled in this climate. Last winter he went up into Wiscon? sin, and in consequence has had another attack. "It came upon me again very acute and severe," he said. "My joints swelled and became in? flamed : sore to touch or almost to look at. I'pon the urgent request of my mother-in-law I tried Chamber? lain's Pain Balm to reduce the swell? ing and ease the pain, and to my agree? able surprise, it did both. I have used three lifty-eoni buttles and be? lieve it to be the finest thing for rheu? matism, pains and swollintrs extant For sale by Hill Bros. All Sort9 of Paragraph?. ? Not a snake, lizard, toad, frog, or any noxious reptile lives in Newfound? land. ? Who is dumb ? He who docs not know how to say kind things at the proper tiuie. ? William Schneller, of Linfield, I'a., has made a walking stick wh:" contains 5,804 pieces ? A rug 13 feet s<|uarc, containin ?25.1 stitches to the inch, has been sol in London for $f),llt)0 ? Coal-tar yields 10 shades of blu the same number of yellow tints, 12 orange, !? of violet and numerous ot colors and shades. ? Tn the famous cellars of th Hotel dc Yille at Bremen there arc dozen cases of holy wine, which h been preserved for 2.">0 yean. ? A school with a play ground the roof and twenty shower baths the basement is to be erected in t congested district of New York. ? Official estimates place the valul of farm animals?horses, cattle, mule and hogs and sheep?in the Unite States at no less than $1,810,440,306 ? Rain while the sun is shining is referred to in nearly every country in the world by an expression equivalent to, ''The devil is beating his wife." ? The man who is careless about keeping his engagements with men, cannot be depended on to keep his en? gagements with God, however pious he may claim to be. ? Piny is authority for the stated ment that Zorcaster once lived 30| years on nothing but cheese, and that^ that diet made him insensible to t advances of old age. ? He?What do you think of thago-Vs doctrine that a man becor,. . brute after his death ? After Iiis death ? Plenty of men that a few months after marriage. ? There are only four days in eac year in which sun and clock time e actly correspond. April 15 was onj of those days. The other three a June 14, September 1 and December2*i ? In Lincolnshire, England, it the current belief that Bishop Flem ing, founder of Lincoln College, 0 ford, died while attempting to imitatel the Savior's miraculous fast of 40J days. ? "Mary," said the sicknlan to hie wife when the doctor had pronounced it a case of smallpox, "If any of my creditors call, tell them I am at leasf in a condition to give them some thing." ? "Jennie has married a man Wi plays poker. Isn'titdreadful a Harlem woman to her bus "It isn't half as bad as marr, man who thinks he can play but can't, "was the reply. ? "How do you like y teacher, Willie?" "I'm a: her, mamma. She's so awfully swell "Does she dress very stylishly ?" "Docs she ? Mamma, she could put in cither one of the sleeves !" ? Pather?Y"es, I admit your lovej* has a good income; but he has ve expensive tastes, very. Daughter You amaze me ; what docs he wa that is so very expensive ? Fathe Well, you, for one thing ? Sue?"I am afraid papa was v angry when you asked him for wasn't he. Jack, love ?" Jack-^ at all. He asked me if I more respectable young would be likely to marry y ters, if properly coaxed." ? Van Pullman?"How can lievc that you love me better th did your former husband wh] say vou kissed him oftener tha do me?" Mrs. Lakeside?"Oh dear, the kisses I give you are j twice as long as those I gave him." For whoor:-?<v*ough Chamberl Cough Rem en yot excellent. B ing it freely tll.yoisease is deprive] all dangerous consequences. Th no danger in giving the reme babies, as it contains nothing inju1 ous. 25 and 50 cent bottles for s by Hill Bros. ? One of the cleverest inven ever patented is the machineforstic ing common pins in the papers which they arc sold. The contrivan brings up the pins in rows, draws th paper in position, crimps it in lines, then at a single push passes t pins through the paper and sets the in position. ? Dr. R. W. Dashicll, of Princ Anne, Md., has a curiosity :in shape of a double pig. Tlie, animal is joined at the stoma tween the fore and hind legs. It but one head, yet four ears, th eyes, two tails, eight legs, and perfectly formed bodies, one direc following the other. ? To neglect God all our lives, a1 know that we neglect him, to o God voluntarily, and know that offend him, casting our hopes on peace which we trust to make at p ing, is no better than a rebellious p sumption, and even a contemptu laughing to scorn and deriding of G his laws and precepts. ? A Negro passing under a folding where some repairs were go on. a brick fell from above on head, and was broken by the f Sambo very coolly raised his head a exclaimed, "Halloa, you white man dar ; if you don't want your brie broke, just keep 'cm off my head !" ? A lady at Tooleys, La., was very sick with bilious colic when M. C. Tisler. a prominent merchant of the town gave, her a bottle of Chambe Iain's Colic. Cholera and Diarr Remedy. He says she was we forty minutes, after taking the dose. For sale by Hill Bros. ? At an evening party a lady that she had a quarrel with her band, but had made it up again to commemorate the event had plan a sapling. "There, you see." w pored the wife of a wealthy land OW in a tone of reproach to her husba "if wo had done that, what a splcn avenue of trees we should have this time." ? "Make it very strong and clos Uncle John," said the lady of t manor to the Negro who was buildi a new garden fence ; "my Christiani can't stand the test of my neighbo pigs and chickens." "I b'lieve yo missus." was the old man's emphs response, "kase I bin allus notici, dere was an end to all peace and trr will, ami neighborliness. an' 'lig wliar dar warn't no fence."" ? Say, ma says you arc goij take sister off. Kngaged youth to be married)?Yes. in a few she's going to my home, and my] and pa will be her ma and pa. Si "1 see. Thou she'll be your sisj same as she was mine. Say, you do anything she doesn't lik< if j'OUmJo she'll bang you around when your ma and pa ain't loo1 Jack