University of South Carolina Libraries
BY CLINKSCALTiS & LANGSTON. ANDERSON, S. C, WEDNESDA Y MORNING, JANUARY 11, 1893. VOLUME XXVII. -NO. 28. I ?? For over twelve months I wis afflicted with general debility, languiiiuess, depres [ sion i'f spirits, headache, and loss of appe tili?, followed by chills. I was scared}' able Nervous and general debility, depression Of Spirits, Ila ?'?S myself about the bouse and no r r 7 medicine did me anygoud until 1 began to lOSS Of appetite, ,!lkc Avert Sarsaparilki and Ayer's Tills. rr since which 1 have entirely recovered my Insomnia, j health."? Mary Menrieken, Ware Mass. Ayer's Sarsaparslla rrepa;cdbyDr.J.C.Ayer&Cc, L veil,Man. QurgS OfhsrS*,Witl CUreyOU m P. GOSSETT k a, WHOLESALE AMD RETAIL One Price Dealers in BOOTS AND SHOES, ANDERSON, - - - - S. C, HAVE AGAIN BROKEN THE RECORD. ThBY are Belling some lines of Boots and Shoes by the tingle pair for less ?on ef than the same goods can be bought again at by wholesale. They Buy Bargains and they Sell Bargains. They have the finest opportunitie f^r buying and handling Shoes of any Haas? ki South Carolina. They are the c ^ -ouse in upper Carolina having a man directly connected with the Manufacturers?their Mr. Jas. P. Gossett being CtM Ageat and Salesman for the celebrated Bay State Shoe and Leather Co., of Ifew York, one of the largest Boot and Shoe Manufacturing concerns in the world. They a*e She only exclusive Shoe House in Andersou. They are the only ONE PKICE HOUSE in Anderson. They have one of the largest and best assorted stocks of Shoes in'the State. They are carrying a full line of SOLE LEATHER?Hemlock and Whiteoak ?from 18c. per pound up. A full line of Cut Half Soles from 10c. per pair up. Their One Dollar Bargain Counter is a great success. The biggest and hottest Stove in Town, and a welcome and a warm to all. come and see us. ip^nsric prices. The Greatest Bargains in Furniture ever offered in South Carolina are offered at c. Fb tolly m ~ depot street. They have the Largest, Cheapest and Best Selected Stock la tho State, and challenge any Furniture House in the State for a comparison of prices. WALNUT and OAK SUITS cheaper than they can be nought from any Factory. BUREAUS at prices unheard of before. PARLOR SUITS cheaper than any, AND EVERYTHING in the Furniture line. t?* Come and see for yourselves and br. convinced that what we say is true Come and look at our Stock, whether you want to buy or not. We will be pleased to show you around. Caskets and Coffins furnished Day or Night. G. F. TOLLY & SON, Depot Street, Anderson, S. C. catch onsr to this i E have too many Goods to earry, therefore fur the next SIXTY DAYS we ofer our LABOE and HANDSOME STOCK ?T GREATLY REDUCED PRSCES, CONSISTING OF Millinery, Notions, Shoes, Handsome Dress Goods, Priestleys Henriettas. Ate?, the handsomest lot of SILKS, in all the new shade*, that has ev^r beeu braugat to this market. Irtdiee' and Mfsses WRAPS and JACKETS in every styl? Jftg* Glance at but Bargain Counter and see what you ean do. rOora? one, eome all, And get your sha?e of all." Tfoaak-8 for tie pau. Respectfully, LADIES' STORS. OUR LEADER FOB 30 BUYS ONLY! ALL OF OUR dress goods AT COST FOR CASH, Including all our Fall Purchases. HENRIETTAS, CASHMERES, SERGES, BROADCLOTHS, BEDFORD CORDS, LADIES' CLOTHS, in blacks and colors. The Cashmeres you pay elsewhere 2')o. for we will let you have at ISc. The 25c. line at 20?. the 40c. Hue at 25c, and the 50c. line at 33Jc, the 75c. line Sor half a d?l!*r, and the dollar line for 75c. Yon will save on a $2 40 Dresi Pattern 60 cents, on $3 00 Pattern &e sawe amount, but the difference on the finer goods is greater: Ou ?4 80 you save $1 80, m tfcs M.?Q Hue you -ave $1.00, ou the ?(J <?:) liue you save ?3 00, on tft:J 00 Hue yot save (4.00. Remember, this sale will ba only for Thirty Days. ItfLL ARP Tullfs of th? Old nnd the Now Year. Atlanta Constitution. This is the beginniD? of a new year and we have made a very long journey. Old travellers say that when a man gets l03t in the wilderness he goes round and round in trying to go ahead and he finds 1 himself following his own tracks iu a circle. I don't know whether this is so or not, but I do know that to day we are right exactly where we were u year ago and yet we have traveled round and round and nearly 0,000,000 of miles at the rate of 1,000 miles a minute. Astron? omers tell us that we are right exacily where we were a year ago. This is mighty curious to me?who is doing it? This world has been going on this grand round for thousands of years, maybe million of years, and is still at it. What is it for. I want to know? Why don't it stop and rest? What did it ever start for? If this earth was made for us, why does it have to go round and round forever and forever? If it has to go round the sun, why wouldn't a circle do as well as an eclipse?why go at all ? Couldn't the universe be still and every planet be independent? Why does the earth have to turn a summersault every day and whirl us round at the rate of a thousand mile3 an hour? Who is doing all this and what is it done for and when is tbe whole business to come to an end or a focus or a transformation ? I confess my ignorano aud feel as humble as a dog when I contemplate the wonders aud mysteries of creation. I don't under? stand how the corn grows, nor the flowers bloom, nor the birds hatch their young and yet Irealiae that everything has been made for our good, our comfort, our pleasure. I was popping corn lart night for a little grandchild and I know that in ihe grand design of Providence, this little oorn was created just to please tbe chil? dren and nothing else. I know that cot? ton grows to cloth the millions in sum? mer, and the sheep were created to give us wool in winter and the cattle to give ub milk and butter and shoes. Even our complaiuts and ailments are provided for in nature's remedies,for we bave quinine, and calomel, and caster oil, and opium, and turpentine, and mineral springs and the best are the cheapest. All the best things are tbe cheapest?the air and water and fire, the bread and meat and vegetables, and tbe fruits of tbe earth and the material for clothing. The evi? dences of design and care aud love are all around us everywhere and in every thing, and I cannot 'understand how a thoughtful man can be an agnostic or an infidel. I want to thank somebody every morning for preserving me through the Light, for I know that sleep is near akin to death and I cannot keep my owu heart beating. There, is some great being bc-hicd me and I will trust Him because be has been good to me and suslained nie all my lKe. The beat religion is to trust in the Lord and do good. This religion beats all that the heresy hunters ate contending for aud is comprehended by the simple and the unlearned. 1 knew of an Irish sailor who was placed ori the witness s'and in an important case in court, He was a rough looking tar acd wholly unacquainted with lawB and courts. His presence was a surprise to the lawyer on the other hide anJ he sought to rule him out upon the ground that he wa~i an infidel or had no religion. So be asked him what church he belong? ed to. The poor fellow turned to the judge aud said : ' Your honor, I have no church in particular. When I was a little bairn I was sent to sea and all my life I have been on the great wathers where there was nailher a church nor a staple." The lawyer was exultant and said : ''Then, sir, I suppose you have no religion. Do you believe in the exist? ence of a supreme being and in a future state of rewards and punishments ?" Patrick looked at him and then at the judge aud then at the lawyer again, wiih some embarrassment, and said nothing. "Answer the question," said the judge. "V.Iay it plase your honor," said he, "I bare liv d upon the walher for forty years, and had to trust tbe L .-rd in sun hbine atiu in sthorm and have no church and no religiuu to sphake of but?" aud he stopped and looked thoughtfully and revereutly to the ceiling, "lint what," sai l the lawyer, wiih a cynical sneer upon his face. "But I beiieve in (Jod, the Father Almighty, and in Jesus Christ, His only Son, who came into the world to save sinners?ol whom, you and I are a couple," said Patrick, and he said it slowly and with solemn truthful em? phasis. The lawyer subsided aud the judge sa-d: "Give him the book and swear him ; he is a competent witness." The new year has come and now let us all renew the faith of our fathers and cherish it and stand by it. The world is sprinkled with infidelity in high places and our young meu are consoling them? selves with doubts. What an amount of conceit and arrogance it must take for a young man to set aside the faith and the teachings of nil the great men of ibe cen? turies, from Luilier d ?wn ti< Gladstone, and set up his own ni.fi Ingersoll'a r-s a s'antUrd. If I was ever so skeptical I wouldn't make sport of religion or i f preachers. I would trp.i: b-!h with the profoiindest respect, for whether iln liible is true or not, its teachings have been and are now the strongest bulwatk of our government and the safeguard of ?!iir children. There is a wide differ? ence between a young man's self-conceit and an <?'d man's deep concern for the welfare of his children. Voting men should r'.-pi-ct the church for their father's sake ;:im1 tht ir mother's sake and for ihe good tr.orais of the community in which they live. 1'' Samuel Johnson was perhaps the greatest moralist that ever lived, ami h* -ays in his biography of Milton "To be of no church is dun gertrti?*." The rewards of religion are distant and are to cone mainly in the second life. They are animated by faith and hope, buI will glide ont nl the mind unless invigorated by weedy servier?! in llie ijburch. Y I'.-.- 'x man go to church -gn pv? ry Snhhath ? make a 1 u-i-if-t ol it?a habit ?audit will insure you mental comfort an-1 !>.'*passport into the b?st. society. I (|,i i*i mean the riches', nor the most fashionable, but I mean the best. I believe we are going to have a good and prosperous year. I believe that more factories for cotton and metal and wood will be built this year in the South than ever has been in any year. I be? lieve that more Northern capital will come down here for investments than evei has come. 1 believe that more acres will be put in cotton than has ever been and that Texas alone will produce 3,000, 000 bales. Of course, that will drop the price again to 0 or 7 cents, but it can be made in Texas fcr 5 cents or less. If 1 was a cotton grower I would put in every acre that I could and would sell it right now for future delivery. The price for August and September, '0-3, is now 10 cents, and I would risk my own average crop, but no more. There is nothing wrong about that. If I couldn't sell that way I wouldn't plant but half a crop, for most any other crop will make more money. What the cotton-picker that they say has been perfected is going to do we know not, but it can't do the Suuth any harm. Inventions and contrivances [ and labor-saving machines keep coming. 1 was jLst reading an account of anew camera or jack o' lantern or something that they have just invented over in Eogland to advertise a man's business. It will throw his name or his business in great letters on the clouds and they cau be seen fop miles and miles around. As the clouds chauge and float away the letters float and appear and disappear and some times are doubled and tribled and change color and excite continual wonder and admiration. If I was a mer? chant prince in Atlanta I would get a machine and print on the clouds over Whitehall "How Is This for High," but there is trouble apprehended, for Mr. High doesn't own any cloud or space except that is over him, and he would have to rent some airy space over Home? body else to throw his sign upon, and the people will be renting out air all over the cities, but they say in England that the air and the clouds are eminent domains and the government is going to claim it all and retail it by the month or year to the highest bidder. The old maxim that a man who owns the ground owns up to the heavens and down to the center of the earth will have to go. We are on the eve of wonderful things, but let us all keep calm and serene. Bill A nr. P. S.?The black cat came down at last quite "dishabille," but is still alive and prowling around. I A Kttntucbyan's Will Power. "I have been a steady drinker of Ken? tucky whiskey for forty five years," said a ruddy cheeked, gray haired man of C5 to two companions who vere sitting at a table in the Hoffman house cafe one nig?t last week, says the New York Sun. "1 was born and reared in Louisville, and ray experience as a eonsurrer of the native liquor is worth something. I re? member well my father's fear that I would become addicted to the stuff. What I suppose he meant by the phrase addicted to it was (hat I might let it get the mastery of me and beeome a drunk? ard. His words made a profound im? pression upon me, although when a mere boy I had a high opinion of my will power and scouted the idea that any habit could get the control. Just to prove it to myself I used occasionally to quit chewing or smokiDg, or both, for a Bpell, long or short, and begin again with feeling of triumph, just because I knew that I could stop when I pleased. "As to the whiskey habit, I felt per? fectly safe. I knew the taste ef whiskey when 15 or 10 years old, and before I was 20 I had made up my mind about the conditions under which a man eouid driuk without endangering his future. I resolved that under no conditions would I ever take a drink until after supper. I firmly believed that this rule would be my salvation, and that if I adhered to it I could never fiil a drunkard's grave. I did .stick to it for several years, and then modified it slightly. "After the modification I felt that any man was safe who resolved not to drink during business hours and adhered to his resolution. Some time later I ex? tended the limit, and for years could not be i'ersuaded to drink before 4 o'clock in the afternoon. I felt apprehensive or my companions, who took a drink rij* after dinner. I believe three or ur years pa-jsed befere I concluded tha' I might safely push the limit back to 2 o'clock, and I held that this was the ear? liest hour that a business man c*uld indulge in liquor without endangeriug his prospects. It was not more than a year before I added another hour to my time for indulgence, and the following year found me taking an appetizer be? fore my noonday meal. '"It took eleven years to bring the limit down to 10 o'clock in the morning, when, whh other men in the tobacco warehouse, I stepped across the street ev'.>ry day to get a little hot lur.ch. Thea I felicitated myself with the tdea that there was uo danger of becoming a toper if a man abstained from drinking until af:er his breakfast bad digested. Ssv eral years passed, am! 1 had arrived at the conclusion that one drink of whis? key right aller break '.ist as a starter for ihn day was a correct thing and could not harm any able bodied .-an. I had by that time conviuced myself that the danger lay in taking a nip before break fas?, and that, those who did so were bound to eud as drunkards. I don't th'nk J took a drink before breakfast for fifteen or twtr.ty years, but during that time I always fait that it was necessary to have one to fortify myself against the open ?*ir, especially in winter." "How is it now'.1'' asked one of his companions. "Now," said the. o'd gentleman, "I am eongraluluting myself thai I don't have to gel up in the middle of ifie night to rake a nip." [tucklens Arnica Salve. Tito best salve in the world for Outs liniises, Sores, Ulcers, Sail Rheum, Fe ver Sores, Tetter, Chappwl Hands, Ohil hiains Corns, and all Skin Eruptions ?mi positively cores Piles, or no p.iy required. It is guaranteed to give per .'(?<?! ?Htisfactioo, or money refunded Price 25 cents per hnj;. For srIo by Bili?res; THE SHALL FA HM ER, fome oT the Disadvantages) Duder Which lie Labors?A Thoughtful ajid Conserva tlre DlHctiNNion. Prof. P\. Menus Davis, in the November Forum. Whatever may be the condition of ag? ricultural interests elsewhere, there is no ?toebt that the small farmer who plants o-at?n in the South is embarrassed, and tbe future holds out little hope of relief through established methods. He knows what it is to work liard and live scantily, fur from choice or necessity he has tried it for years. Every spring ho has set to work with all the hope that is insepara? bly connected with the turning up of the mellow soil with tbe plough and the new birth of aature, and yet eve?y autumn his chief harvest has beea disappoint? ment. He finds himself in summer with a mortgage on his land and his mule aud a lien on his growing orop, while "fu? tures" are quoted at le*s than tbe cost of production. Ho is not a theoretioal economist; indeed, his ideas of econo? mies are often as crude as the crudest raw material he produces; yet he knows that he cannot go on losing year after year without winding up in the alms house. Hence his restlessness, his will? ingness to listen to any plan of redemp? tion, provided it has never been tried before. He has heard, he thinks, enough of the old ways. They cannot help him. If he has toiled faithfully all these years, as many farmers have, and is yet penniless, he feels that misfortune has come not through his remissness, but is the result of some extrinsic baleful influ? ence. There is injustice somewhere; Home one is walking off with the surplus that he sees accumulatiRg aud believes should be his. The next step is to catch the thief. The small farmer believes he has found him skulking in Wall Street, or hiding behitid railway embankments, or lurking in the vaults of national banks. The plutocrats of the land, leagued with "debauched and bamboo? zled" politicians, have so managed the Government and manipulated tbe finances that tbe povr man haa no chance. He is told tbat if he can cap? ture tbe strongholds of political power and UH.e tbe Government for his behoof, as his oppressors have used it for theirs, ho can solve tbe problem and make him? self and everybody e!?a happy by coin? ing plenty of silver dollars to lend to agriculturists at nominal interest. Her.ce bis eagerness to loavc the harvest for the political field, and to seek through legis? lation a panacea for his ills. This seems to be a just presentation of the. problem of the Southern small farmer to-day. It is well to nee whether his solution of it is correct. No one can successfully deny that leg? islation by Congress for the past genera tion has not been iu the interest ef agri? culture or of the small farmer. Other classes have been helped ; other interests bailt up. That this was a necessity to preserve the Government at a critical period must, to a certain extent, be ad? mitted. But it is no less true that in accomplishing some good results this legislation ushered in a brood of evils. Simple justice requires that political inequalities be abolished, and tbat class legislation not in the interest of the farmer be repealed, aud that class legis? lation in his interest must not be attempted. He must have bis equal rights before the law. Indeed, as he cannot enter into combinations so easily as other classes can, it may be proper to provide that they be watched in his be? half. This is all he should demand or receive from tbe law. But grant all the remedial legislation necessary to put the farmer on equal terms before the law ; abolish artificial monopolies, prevent illegal ema? nations, increase to its proper vol? ume the eurreney?and yet the problem is not solved. There are natural eauses operating inoro potent than alleged plu? tocratic legislation for good or ill to the farmer. So long as they exist he mny be relieved of the injustice of man, yet his prosperity is not assured. His efforts must also be Ut strengthen those forces that aid him and to counteract those that operate to make him poor. Without attempting to advance any new truths, I desire to point oat how bouih embarrass? ments have come about regardless of legislation, and how some A.cts abduued to prove discriminations against Use farmer are actually to some extent proofs of improvement in his condition ai d productive power. It is well to beuin with this latter class. It has beeu hold as proof of the lact that the farmers are growing poorer, that farm values were seveity |er cent, of all the wealth of the country iu 1850, about fifty per cent, iu I860, a;.d are less than twenty five per cent. now. Abso lately, the value of farms increased from four billion dollars in 1S?0 to eight bill iou dollars iu I860, eleven billion dollars in 1870, and twelve billion dollars in 1SS0. The statistics for the las', census have not been completed. While I am firmly convinced that the tariff has been a vary potent, factor in this comparative i diminution of agricultural values, and that other legislation also has contribu ted to the same result, yet natural causes are enough t> account for a large-share of the change. In a new country the industries are chiefly extractive, because of the fertil? ity of the virgin soil. As civilization progresses industry is diversified and wealth is turaod to other investments. The most prosperous country is "no tbat has both a town and a country popuhi tion for the interchange of commodities. Yet here the proportion of farm values cannot be as great as in a community purely agricultural. It does not follow that the farmer is worse off than his father merely became his proportion of tbu total wealth is not ho great. In all that makes for eomfort and all that goes for wealth he may be much more pros? perous. The aggregation of men into cities wonderfully enhances the value of real estate ; so that one acre in New York is balanced against hundreds of thousands of aens in South Carolina. Hut this great "ost of city lots js rather a hur-leu on the people than advantage. ?-??<<< The fact that railroad values are nearly equal to farm values in tin United Hint-.a is cited rb another proof that Homebody 1*3 swindling ; else how can an iniiu-Lry ) that was not known to the aensus ?f IS20 rival one vbat existed from the time of Cain ? Lot us see. what this means. In primitive civilirations goods and tffecta are moved on the backs ami beads of person0. The introduction of draught animals was a vast ulrida forward. Hut when, through differentiation, one cla?s ef bread winners undertake to do all the hauling fur others, it does not follow that the rest are swindled although the aensus does uot "show up" on the "right side." I have a copy of a letter written in 1814 by Capt. ?Samuel Johnson, of Wiunsboro, S. C , to the Hob. David 11. Evaus, member of Congress from the same place, then in Washington. The embargo hard shut up cotton in the in?e rior towns, and there was a glnt of it. Mr. Evans is asked to go out and s-?e same factor or merchant in Washington or Philadelphia ami try to sell him about two hundred and fifty bales for Captain Johnson. But the buyer must seud down his wagons for the cotton, as all the wagons about Winnsbaro are already engaged. An old citizen of Winnsboto, Mr. J. M. Elliott, distinctly remembers seeing Mr. Adger and oUiers starting from Wimasboro, in wagons, hauling cotton to rhiladulphia. At that tine these mules a?d wagons were estimated as a part of farm values. Since then the railroad has made its appearance, and farmers no longer are required to keep horses and wagons to haul their orops to seaports. The property thns invented has gone into another category, that of 'Trade and Transportation," and is cited as au instance of injustice to the tanner. Ouce, indeed, the sons of those old farm? ers hauled good* from Wiunsboro in wagons?when the close of the war lfcft the railroad destroyed. They were quite willing to transfer the capital invested in teams into something else is soon ad the railroad was running again. In the war of LSI 2 the prife of cotton varied at least twenty cents a pound be? tween Wiunsboro, S. C, an'' Phila delphia. This difference was swallowed up in the mire atjd mud of the dirt roads. It did nobody any good. Now, since to much capital engaged in trans? portation is transferred to the okh*r side, the difference in price ia not more than a eent. This should not be accounted a wrong to the farmer Of ?he same na? ture is the investment of aapila! in tho telegraph, in banks and in other devices by means of which the fanner cau be made eognir-uit of prices all over the world and umy send and receive money from all quarters at a minimum cost. One other cass may be cited. Is it a wrong that great sewing machine facto? ries have sprung up, trans/erring capital, it is true, from the fa?m, but enabling one woman to do tha work of a dozen? Tue mother oi tha family is emancipated from a grisding shivery. Her machine is valued at forty dollars, while the wo man set free does not appear iu the dol? lars and cents columns of the ceu-us. It may be remarked that the introduc:ioH of labor saving machinery in any indus? try not only helps it, but also aids other industries, by ai'cwing opportunity for the introduction of abundant manual labor where machinery osmnot be intro duaed. These are instances of the beae licial effects to the farmer of differentia? tion. Now let ui consider some of his disad? vantages Smaller returns ara nquired from those proce.-ses into which fixed capital enters. Where all the operations are performed by manual labor, an expendi? ture of one thousand dollars must all be paid back with a profit at every process, whereas if live hundred dollars have been invested in a mi. ",ne and five hundred dollars in wages and material, it is necessary to return only five hun? dred dollars with a profic and enough more to pay for wear and tear of machin? ery. As the farmer's expenses are Urgely for wages and materials, hisgrrss proceeds mu?t be larger in proportion than those from manufactures. P.^iibly :he most serious drawback to the small f-rmer of the South-Atlantic coast art's... from the law of diminishing returns from land. The soil of most of the older S.'i-.ies lot g ago k?t its original powers. Farms at present productive have been built up by application of capital and labor. They yield not eco? nomic rent, but profit from capita!, and therefore returns from them must be di? vided between the original investment and the special application for the im? mediate crop. Tup difference is the same as that between finding a barn already built and building one. Yazo bottoms and Red River lauds need only to be tided to smile with such abundant crops that the problem i.. to gather them. Carolin;; uplands must be tilled and fer? tilized and fertilized again, and the aver? age yield is a bale to three acres. No legislation will equalize this natural dif? ference. Hut the moM important factor in this problem seems not to have been properly considered in discussion of this subject. It is what may be called the Fixed Charge of the Family. "A poor man for children," runs the old adage. These blessings swarm around the small fann? er's door, healthy, happy aud always hungry?omnivorous a*, so many ostriches. The support of these must come from the proceeds of the crop, whether largo or small. This fixed charge cannot bo approximated with any degree of certainty in the absence of sta? tistic4. R-ports of the Bureau of Labor for Ihn iron industry apportion an ex? penditure of four hundred dollars as fol? lows: food, one hundred and eighty-live dollars; clothing, eighty five dollars; foe! anil lights, thirty dollars; furniture, laxes, insurance, sickness, amusement, religion, etc , one hundred dollars. It is a sad truth that very many farmers are compelled to live on much less than this But, if we a?snma four hundred dollars as the income of tho farmer, it will be ^'?en that if he devotes himself exclu? sively to Cotton in order to secure ad? vances based on cotton ?the only cash crop he can make?it will not be enough In charge ngainsl ihe crop the amoti.it expended in legitimate production, m -h as ploughing, hoeing, picking, gionii ?. rent, etc. The bill for the support of the non-producing member* of the family must also he paid. Cost of production thus becomes a very dill- rent thing from [he cost of the family. No absolute figures em be given as to the cost nl production proper. A planter in Georgia says that afier the land has t-een brought to a high pitch of cultiva lion, a pound of cotton can be made for four cents. This is far below the aver? age, cost. The most successful culture is about twenty bales to the mule, but the average is probably less than ten. Tak? ing the most favorable case claimed, a cost of four cents end a selling price of eight, there will be a profit of two hue dred dollars on ten bales. Assuming a profit of ten dollars a bale, this crop would yield but one hundred dollars for the family charge. At the present state of the market the profit is still less. In mathematical terms it may be said that fjr any fixed standard of living the farm burden equals the cost of produc'on (comprising the outlay of all kinds need? ed to make the crop) plus the cast of the family. As the latter charge is to some extent constant, it follows that the smaller the farm the heavier tbe burden on the farmer. While a profit of ten dollars each on forty bales will meet a ?barge of four hundred dollars, such a profit ou ten bales means exceedingly straitened circumstances. When the standard of living is lower the fixed charge is less, and for this reason the white farmer is pressed by his black neighbor, who, though less skillful gen? erally, has fewer needs. In the same way, with a given standard, the larger the crop the less tbe proportion of the fixed charge. Here comes another ad? vantage to the large planter. Not only can he make his crop eheaper per pound through improved facilities, but a smaller profit ou each bale suffices for outside needs Such laws of inequality come from above. They are not lound on our earthly statute-books. Yet no one can say that farming does not pay iu tbe sense that other occupa? tions aud tradee pay. If a pound of cot? ton can be produced for five cents and sold for seveu, here is a profit of forty per cent. What other business pays more ? The owner of a share in a national bauk thinks he is doing weli if be re eeives a dividend of eight per cent.; but he does not hope to live entirely on an investment of five hundred dollars in bank stock. In the cotton spinning business an individual will buy a share of stock, and tbeu he will hire himself to the concern for wages or go into some other busineas. The farmer is at once laudlord, capitalist and laborer. He makes full wagts as laborer and a fair rent and fair profit ou his investment; but tbe trouble is tbat bis investment is too small for his family. The fixed charge of the family falls heavily on all small producers. But in other industries the forces of production are generally clasiifitd and the workers are paid in wages. When they suffer the cause is easily seen, aud the remedy is a rise in wages. But the small farmer cannot strike against himself for higher wages. # # * * * It may be suggested, in conclusion, that the small farmer should more and more endeavor to leave tbe production of i tbe staple crops to large planters and devote himself to "small farming" in? deed. He has muscle and he has land in plenty. He greatly needs capital to utilize them to the best advantage. De? nunciation of railroads, factories and btnks will hardly make him more prot porous. Not so Fastidious as Formerly. Colonel Barrows, of Texas, was at the Great Northern yesterday, says tbe Chi? cago Inler Ocean, and was indulging in some reminiscences of the late uopleas antness while he was in General Ma gruder's command. "We were all hun? gry one morning," paid be, "and General Magruder, going up on a hill, saw a white house in tbe distance. He f-ent an a:d to ask the mistress of the hoube if .-he could not oblige him with a meal for himself and stall'. "While the woman, who was a South? ern sympathizer, was preparing the meal, a private of a Virginia regiment came along and asked tor food. He was in? formed that the meal was being prepared for the general and his stalf 'If there's anything for you when they finish,' she said, 'you are welcome to it.' "Tbe Virginian, who was a man of good family, waited humbly till the ex? pected guests arrived, and then crowded in beside the general and began to eat. MagrudPr .urned to him a little sharply, and said : '"Do you know with whom you are eating, sir ?" " 'No,' said the private, 'I don't. Be fore the war, sir, I was very careful with whom I associated, but now I don't give a cent.' " How's This. We offer One Hundred Dollars reward for any case of Catarrh tbat cannot be enrol by Hall's Catarrh Cure. F. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, 0. We, the undersigned, have known F. J. Cheney for the last 10 years, and be? lieve him perfectly honorable in all bu?i ness transactions aud financially able to etirry out any obligations made by their j firm. Wiest & Traux, Wholesale Dnifg?t?, Toledo, 0. Wai.mn<;,Kinxa.v&Mau vi.v, Wholesale i)ruggi.-t^, Toledo, 0. Hall's Catarrh Cure is tiken internally, acting directiy upon the blood and mu : coiis surface* of the system. Testimon? ials -ent fren. Price 7">c per bottle. S ;!d by Druggist), 75c. ? It is rather startling to learn, on the authority of I'. A. Graham in Longman's .Magazine for t )ct ibnr, that gun Hints are still an article of commerce. So far from breecb loaders and percussion caps hav? ing destroyed the industry the flint lock trade ha? revived, and is now more flourishing than it has been for some time. Flints ihpO to be exported chief? ly to Brazil and South America, but now they ?0 for tho most part to South Afri? ca. There is a colony at Brandon, Eng? land, of heredit try flint knapper-. F. ich snapper makes about 3.000 gun I'ints in a dav. Mistakes of Modern Girls, For pity's sake don't scold your mother in public ; it looks so ugly ! Sbe may have ntfended your cultivated soul almost beyond endurance, and must therefore be severely reprimanded, but wait till you get home. Then take her to your private apartment and tell her kindly (though of course she must un? derstand that tbere is no nonsense about it) of just what misdemeanor she has been guilty. It was an uptown restaurant where I had dropped iu for lunch yesterday. Opposite me sat a young woman of sev? enteen, apparently, and her mother. The young woman was dressed in the extreme of fashion, and that her little turned up nose snitfed tbe air at all appeared pure? ly a matter of condescension on its part. Her manners bore the stamp of Mine. Highfalutio's "finishing Bchool for young ladies." The little plainly, rustily dressed mother carried a black bag, such as wo? men in Boston are addicted to. They had been shopping. I should say they were people who had lived in some little town, that the father had probably earned his living by hard work, and that the mother had done at least her share of the skimping in order to give the young lady that elaborate veneering which is deemed essential to the girls of the day. That the young thing had learned be? sides reading, writing and arithmetic, tbe art of making herself thoroughly dies, greeabie aud other people uncomfortable was evident at a glance. Her mother, who would have been quite at home in a country parlor, was out of place here. The consciousness of it need not have been forced upon her, however, if her stripling daughter had been possessed of more heart and less style. Tbe young lady's fuss over the order? ing of the luuch was trying to the be? holder, and she took great care that all other lunchers present should be "be? holders " The card was mostly written in French, and tbe mother was so intim? idated by the agility of her elegant daughter's tongue that she plunged about a little wildly and indioated that she would have some of "that" when t/be sedate attendant indicated that he would listen to ber wishes. This annoyed the young lady so that she snatched tbe card from her mother's hand and ordered the entire lunch her? self. It turned out to be a very school? girl affair and the mother only took of it 2'j occasional nibble. The young person talked very rapidly while masticating her food. She fre quently asked her mother questions, but never wailed for an answer. I left tbe restaurant soon. The fingers of my stroi g right baud were tingling to encounter iu some private apartment this young heathen and to apply some "finishing touches" where they would do the most good Do such young women expect to make a good impression upon thinking people by snubbing tbeii mothers because their toDgues haven't been trained to cut up French didoes ? Don't they know that by cheerfully explaining city or other ways their mothers don't understand they will gain the respect of any people whose regard is worth accepting? The only thing I have against tbe mothers who let their ungrateful daugh? ters make them so miserable is that they don't give them a good licking. Tne lady graduate of a finishing school or a cooking school is she who makes other people comfortable.?New York Prm. A Man Benin? Him. He was going home to his wife and family. It was growing dark. His road from the station was a lonely one, and he was cetting along as fast as he could, when he suddenly suspected tbat a man behind him was following him purposely. The faster he went the fas? ter the man went, until they came to a churchyard "Now," he said to himself, ??I'll find out if he's after me," and he entered the churchyard. The man fol? lowed him. Vague visions of revolvers and garrolers grew upon him. He made a t'eiour of a splendid mausoleum. Still tbe man was after him, round and round. At last ho turned and faced the fellow, and asked, "What the dickens do you want? What are you following me for ?" "Well, sir, do you always go home like this? I am going up to Mr. Filz brown's house with a parcel, and the porter at the station told me that if I'd follow you I should find the place, as you live next door. Are you going home at all to-night?" ? The brusque and fussy impulse of these days of false impression would retc down all as worthless because one is i uuwortby. As if there were no motes in -.unbeams.' Or comets among stars .' Or cataracts in peaceful rivers! Because i one remedy professes to do what it never I was adapted to do, are all remedies worth less ? Because one doctor lets his patipnt die, are ail humbugs ? It requires a fine eye and a finer brain to discriminate?to ; draw the differential line, "they say" j that Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical Dis i covery and Dr. Pierce's Favorite Pre 1 script ion have cured thousands. ''They i say" lor a weak system there's nothing better than .he "Discovery," and that the ; "Favorite Prescription" is the hope of ? debilitated, feeble women who need a ' restorative tonic and bracing nervine. ! And here's the proof?Try oue or both. If they don't help you, tell the World's i Dispeosary Medical Association, of Buf falo, N. V., and you get yr.ur money back again. - <m - o m ? ? George: Suppose a fello?'s be?t girl gets mad when you ask for a kits? Hen? ry : Take it without asking. George: Suppose- she gets mad then? Henry: Then you've got some other fellow's girl. ? A new ,vay to extinguish oil fires has been discovered by the chief of the Charlotte fire department. He says that water is powerless to subdue a flame that is feeding on kerosene. The thing to do when a lamp explodes is to run to the flour ''arrel, gather up a handful of il ur and throw it on the lire. The blaze will bo instautly extinguished. All Sorts of Paragraphs. ? America mines 20,000,000 barrels of salt a year. ? About 10,000 gross of pens are pro? duced from a ton of steel. ? The leaf of the bauana is usually 6 fest long by 2 feet wide. ? Opossums are the only animals that make a more elaborate toilet than cats. ? A railroad with a guage of but 24 iuches is now building in North Caroli? na. ? Soldiers in the Italian Army are allowed cigars as part of their daily rations. ? Emetics have no effect on horses, which have no gall bladders to be acted upon. ? Every president of the Uuited States so far has either been a lawyer, a soldier or both. ? Over G00 varieties of cotton are said to exist?400 in Asia and Africa and 200 in America. ? There was a greater consumption of tea in the United Kingdom in 1S91 than in any previous year. ? Some men get a reputation for bravery just because they are able to con? ceal how scared they are. ? Jerusalem is still supplied with water from Solera's PooIb through an aqueduct built by the Crusaders. ? We are all subject to pain occasion? ally and it is well to have a good lini? ment in the house, such as Salvation Oil. 25 cts. ? "Do you enjoy good health ?" "Of course. Did you ever know anyone who didn't enjoy good health?" "Yes, the doctors." ? A. P. Kiser, a farmer near Wenat ehee, Wash., owns a turnip which be claims weighs 21 pounds and measures 4 feet in circumference. ? The unprecedented sale of Dr. Bull's Cough Syrup provokes competi? tion ; but the people cling to Dr. Bull's Cough Syrup. ? City Sportsman : Have you see* anything worth shooting at around here?* Farmer: Wall, no; not till you eame along, b'gosh! ? Artificial legs and arms were ii use in Egypt as early as B. C. 700. They were made by the priests, who were the physicians of that early time. ~? It is calculated that the Mississippi annually deposits into the Gulf of Mexi? co sufficient mud to cover a square mile of surface to a height of 240 feet. ? There was one lover once who told the truth. Refereuee is made to Adam. When he told Eve: "You are the fiist womau I ever loved" he was not dissemb? ling. ? ' Is it true that your wife is of a rather skeptieal turn of mirjd?" "She used to be, but I got her a sealskin satque and she gots to church every Sunday now." ? In Portugal the wine treading is done by a gang of men dancing to the music of a bagpipe. The work is bard, the weather warm, the results indescriba? ble. ? "Ah! you flitter me," lisped a masher to a pretty girl with whom he was conversing. "No I don't," was the reply; "you couldn't be any flatter than you are." ? Three hundred and twenty-eight thousand divorces have been granted by the courts of this country during the patt twenty years, 00 per cent of them to wo? men. ? Minister: So you go to sehool, do you, Bobby? Bebby : Yes, sir. Minister: Let me bear you spell kitten. Bobby : I'm getting too big a boy to spell kitten, sir. Try me on eat. ? The Village Pastor?"Johnny, you tell me you have been to Sunday Sehool ?" The Bad Boy?"Yes, sir." ' But, Johnny, your hair is wet." "Yes, sir; it's a Bap? tist Sunday School." ? The sin of covetousoess does not s?em to belong to any profession. A clergyman iu Indiana recently invested $8,000 in the "green goods" swindle. What a sermon he could preach on temp? tation ! ? First Quidnune: Did the town authorities take any appropriate action un the death of Scruggs, the millionaire? Second Quidnunc: Yea; they had the fire-bell rung while the laneral was going on. ? Neighbor's boy (looking through the fence): My father's heap bigger man i than your'n ! New boy (with cold die? ! dain): Size ain't nothiu'! When my father coughs you can bear bim half a mile. ? Provide yourself with a bottle of Ayer's Cherry Pectoral, and so have the means at hand for contending successfully with a sudden cold. As an emergency ] medicine, it has no equal, and leading physicians everywhere recommend it. ? Lawyer: It is reported that you have frequently expressed yourself as opposed to capital punishment ? Deacon Uighsoul (drawn for jury duty): I won't have scruples iu that man's case. He cheated me on a boss trade ovce. ? A coffee bean is now made of flour, and the imitation is so perfect as to | < deceive the eye of even expert coffee ! dealers. Uf course the flavor exposes the ' fraud ; but it is said that immense quan? tities are sold. ? Quail love potato bugs as au article I of diet. One of these birds was recently opened which had 101 of these farmers' 1 pets concealed in its crop. It will pay the average potato grower to have a flock of trained quail among his other iive stock. ? That slight cold, of wh.ch you think ? so little, may lead to serious trouble with I the lungs. Avoid this result by taking I Ayer's Cherry Pectoral, the best known I remedy for colds, coughs, catarrh, bron chilis, incipient consumption, aud all other throat and lung disease*. ? An unusual kind of double weddirg came off at Newport a short lime ago. The only occupants of the church were two curates, four youug ladies and the registrar. One of the curates married his friend to one of the ladies, and then he iu turn was married to another. ? The Chinese make what is cal'ed "chi wa-hi," or grass cloth, from the fiber of the common nettle. It is said to make a splendid cloth for tents, awning?, etc. When made into belling for ma? chinery it is said to have twice the strength of leather.