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BY CLINKSCALES & LANGSTON. "To the good People of Anderson who have for the past month thronged our Store, and in many instances had to wait for a. considerable time to get waited on. 85* : IT fairy cbcsoiitfrafces that Use people are now awake to thair ova interest, and are bo longer to bo carried away by flaming ^advertisements, in which there is no real merit. In this advanced stage of the mercantile world tkere is only one Bars road to success?that is, always do exactly what you advertise. The individual or firm that fancies that he or ihsy can fooHhe general pub? lic will be sorely left. They must not advertise to sell goods at eftfc, and thsn make an effort to get 25 per cant profit If they think they can do this they will find oat to their grief that thsy will get BOxely left, which fact is demonstrated by ths crowd* that flock to our Stor?, while other Stores would remind you of the deserted tillage. The way of the transgressor is hard, and fic? titious, advertisers must pay the penalty with amply Stores, while we are tired oat from wai& bag on an intelligent public. Customers entering our Store arc treated with ? - tha utmost courtesy. They are aot treated in the rode manner that they are elsewhere when they eater some of the other would-be first class Stores I with a packag? aot bought therein. The pack? age is, without their content, tera op on, exam? ined, inquiries made as to the coat of the same, ' and when truthfully informed as to what was " paid for the goods, the person who opens it will Boearingly assert that he could have sold the v\ same article for half the price, when he knows in his heart that he is stating what is false, cow _ ardly and maliciouB, and Buch a person will never be pointed out as a genuine typo of a S?uih Carolina gentleman, whose loftiest obliga? tion ia truth and honor. I will now leave these gentlemen of question able mercantile intelligence and integrity, and inform the public what we intend to do for the remaining fifteen days of our Great Sale. We will just simply slaughter everything in the Store, and make a clean sweep, it cut tin* prices will do it. New York cost not considered any - more?all tha goods must hi sold at some price, at 15-to60 percent off coat. The /act is, the goods must be sold at some price between now ~ . and the first of March, and any nfe-r, ia lesson, for goods froas now until then will be ifevorably consider ad. If the buyer dobs not want a gold dollar for 85c ho will be alssoat sue fco make the trip. If you have made up your mind to loot around, do so heforo yon oone to see us, and - be wre aad have tfee monay wiih yon. "\- We have grown tired oi waiting on people twice, and fahoy will io ui a groat favor if they will do all that kind of hu&iaese before they call to look over our immense stock, and then we V,;-:will beat all the other Stores sa bad you will think the roods kb<j? have been stolen. id* a. ^xmsnsr, Leader of Low Prices, Bed Hons?, Granite Bow. : - ? ? ' -1' ? ? ? _ 1Y COLLECTING HOBSE ?;" V - y H m i?8 WILL TAKE A STAET ON J'^lSTTTJ^Tlir 1, 1891, AND if you OWE me anything, and don't want him to come to see you, you can avoid the annoyance by coming to see me FIRST WEEK IN JANUARY, 1S91. My instructions to my Collectors is to make the MONEY, or stay with you until ho GETS IT. So don't blame him if he takes your Horse or Cow. I TOLD HIM TO JX) IT. My Creditors want what I owe thaa, and I mutt have the Money from you to pay them off. Your prompt attention will SAVE EXPENSES. This is plain talk, but MEANS BUSINESS. s o s3bbbb b9bsssss for Infants and Children. "Castorfs la aou-olladapted to clifldr?nfl*at ? Cmstorht. cores Colic, Con^pcrHan, IrecorimieiiditasBupe^toanynrescriptiofi f Sour Stomach, Diarrhcca, Eructation, ^*~r? *T _*"T : ? - '.*,*~TT^ 8 lulls Worms, gives slwp, and promotes dl known to me." H. A. Arches, 2L D., g pestiou, 111 So. Oxford SL, Brooklyn, ?. Y. 8 without injurious medication. ? Ths Ce?taub Companv, T7 Murray Street, N. Y. ?smaaes jaeaBaaapBgasaaeawasBB ^ I HAVE associated with me Mr. T. A. AECHER, well known to you all. We are prepared to do all kinds of work iu Shoct Metal, and we respectfully ask you patronage. We sell Stoves, Tinware, Suns, Bifles and House Furnishing floods. Come and 899 us, and we will convince you wo mean business. ?ooffing and'Guttering and putting up Heaters a Specialty. SEEL & ARCHER. 3an9,1891 - 27 , tf All communications intended to this(Column should be addressed to C. WAKDLAW, Sohool Commissioner, An? derson, S. C. HEMOBY GEMS. "Life without love ! Oh, it would be A world without a sun." ? "Love iB tbe weapon wbich omnipo? tence reserved to conquer rebel man, when all tbe rest had failed." QUESTIONS ANSWERED. The first telegram was sent in May, 1844. Tbe first words sent were, "What has God wrought." The first news was the announcement of Folk's nomination as President. Answered by Mamie Ers kine, Ida Hall, Claude Douthit, Darwin L. Held, Zessie Rush, Reese Hatcher and J. H. McLain. The Territories of the United States at present are' Alaska, Arizona, Indian, New Mexico, Utah and Oklahoma. An? swered by Mamie Erskine. This iB the 6604th of the Julian Pe? riod. Answered by Zessie Rush and Reese Hatcher. The first Steamboat was the Cier mount, built by Robert Fulton in 1807, and floated on the Hudson River in Sep? tember, 1807. Answered by Claude Douthit, D. L. Reed, Ida Hall and M. W. Strickland. The Steamship Savannah was the first to cross the Atlantic Ocean in 1819. Answered by D. L. Reed, M. W. Strick? land, Ida Hall and Claude Douthit. The first Railroad or tramway waB built at Quincy, Massachusetts, in 1826, but it was not drawn by steam. The Baltimore & Obio Railroad was begun in 1828, and the Hudson & Mohawk Railroad was commenced in 1830. The last named was the first to be constructed under a charter. Its charter was granted in 1S26. Consider what has been done in tbe last fifty years. Answered by Ida Hall, M. W. Strickland and Claude Dou? thit. Old style (0. S.) means before 1752. Answered by Ida Hall, D. L. Reed and M. W. Strickland. Carolina was named by John Rebanlt in 1562, in honor of Charles IX. An? swered by D. L. Reed and M. W. Strick? land. Columbia was selected ?b the Capitol of South Carolina during the term of Governor Moultrie, who was chosen in 1785. Answered by Claude Douthit D. L. Reid and Ida Hall. Anderson County was named for Col. Robert Anderson, who lived in this County, on Seneca River, a few miles west of Anderson. Answered by Zessie Rush. The first Legislative Assembly elected by the people was in Virginia in 1619. Convened at Jamestown, Virginia, July 30tb, 1619. Answered by Ida Hall and M. W. Strickland. MACIE LEE'S VISIT TO SAH FEANCT8C0. The following story comes from one of Prof McElroy's pupils, in Corner Town? ship, Miss Ella Sherard3 aged 12 years : Last Summer Macie Lee made a visit to San Francisco to visit her friend, May Foote. This was her first visit there. Tbe next day after she arrived, which was Saturday, they visited an "animal show." It was a grand sight to behold the wonderful animals they had on exhi? bition. Sunday they went to the Fourth Baptist Church, where a large crowd waB assembled to hear Rev. Paschal. His sermon was eloquent, and the singing was grand. Tbe following Monday they left for a few days in the country. While in the country they visited a large gold mine. The mine was very dark, till one of the men went round and lighted the lamps, so they could Bee. Tired of country life, they left for the city. The first thing after tbey got home was to take a long horce-back ride. While out riding they passed by several fino Churches; also visited the cemetery? Baw some handsome monuments erected over the dead. Their next trip was to San Francisco bay?had a jolly time out there. It rained a whole week while Macie Lee was there, but rain did not stop them from roving around. They went through the finest park in San Francisco; saw all kinds of fine flowers. One of May's friends gave Macie Lee a "rainbow party." The girls were mak iog big preparations for it, having their rainbow costumes made. In the midst of iheir enjoyment a telegram came for Ma? cie Lee, saying to come home that her "poodle dog" was dead, and would be buried the next day at 4 o'clock p. m. in Dcgyilie Cemetery. May Foote went home with Macie Lee to pay her last re? spects to poor "poodle." Ella S. Sheraujj, Moffattsvilte, S. C. COAL. The following was written by Master Jimmie Craig, a member of Class I, Di? vision "C," in Miss Hubbard's "Home School." Jircmie is eight years old : Coal is found in the earth; it is black, bright and combustible. It is usod for fuel and making gas. Miners use a shaft in order to get access to the coal. Coal is taten out in bucketB drawn by machinery. Coal minea are found in England and the United States. Jimmie Craig. ?i This letter was written by little Ines Campbell, a pupii of Prof. J. T. Smith, at Belton. She hud been in Bchool only four months at the date of this letter, and did not know her letters when sho entere d: Belton, S. O, Jan. 28,1891. ?/y Dear Teacher?I like you very much since I have been going to you. When I started to school I knew noth? ing, but I am in second reader and word primer, and I am gotting along very well. Will close, us I liave not anything more. Your loving pupil, Ines Campbell. Need I beg the children to commit to memory (lie Gems'/ Suppose every pu? pil in the County would recite these Gems every Monday morning, would it not be a good idea ? ' ANDERSON, S. C, The School Commissioner appreciates the hearty response the children are making to his offer.. Miss Eloise Campbell, of the Eureka School, has answered correctly all the history questions except one. Darwin-L. Reed is an Anderson Coun? ty boy now in the Wofford Fitting School, at Spartanburg. We are glad to hear from, and wish him well. Master Fred Cos, a pupil of Calhoun School, taught by Miss Mary E. Ander? son, has sent me answers to the history questions. He is correct in all except two. The Editors of the Intelligencer propose to supplement the prizes offered by me with a nice book. This is cer? tainly appreciated by me, and no doubt will be by the children. The teacher, above all, should memor? ize the second "Memory Gem" above, and apply it in the school room. When love will not conquer the stubborn will the case is well nigh hopeless. Teacher, if you have never before done so, let me entreat your to test the power of love in the school room. The word influence is said to have been taken from the sight of water flowing on a water-wheel and moving it. Conse? quently, influence means flowing on. That is, our influence is our words or actions flowing on the life of some one else and moving it, as the water does the wheel, either in the right or wrong direc? tion. Therefore, people should guard well their influence. The word atonement is simply two words joined together, at and one with the.termination ment, which means the state of. Consequently atonement is the state of being at one. Therefore, when Christ made atonement between God and man after the latter had fallen, he only perfected a plan by which God and man might be one. The word tribulation is from tribulum, a thraBhing-sledge. Hence, we Bee the force of the expression in the Bible: "These are they which came out of great tribulation, (thrashing) &c." Since we thrash grain in order to separate the chaff, we can see how our Heavenly Father Bometimes has to thrash us greatly to separate the wheat from the chaff. Will not the teachers give the readers of this Column other words not fully ap? preciated, because not fully understood? Beautiful Beyond. Dr. James Hope, looking fixedly be? fore him, just before yielding his breath, murmured;?"Christ! angels I beautiful I ?Indeed it is so." A few minutes after, he said: "I thank God," when he slept in Jesus. Charles S. Boyd, recovering from a sinking spell, said : "Oh, I saw the gates opening, and all wa3 so beautiful!" Again he said: "The angels are come to take me home." Later, he said : "Just on the boundaries; almost there;" and so passed away. A young Chinese convert exclaimed, in rapturous tones, when near the end of her way: "Oh, beautiful! beautiful 1" as if she caught a glimpse of the glory be? yond. "Heaven is beautiful," were the last words of an agod saint. Adams, the missionary to Gaboon, Africa, broko out with an animated voice, just before dying, saying: "I hear music, beautiful, the sweetest melodies 1 I see glorious sights I I see heaven 1 Yes, the gates are open ; let me go; I want no more of earth. Oh ! how beautiful ;? oh, what wonderful, wonderful views I have I" L. Ford, for many years previous to her last sickness, had not been in posses? sion of her reason, but just before dying bad a lucid interval, and exclaimed: "How beautiful! Everything is beauti? ful." "Beautiful," whispered a young man, when his breath was almost - gone. . And then, as if seeing visions of glory, he said : "Like a picture in a frame, beauti? ful ! beautiful!"?and bo saying, fell asleep. Elizabeth Barrett Browning's last words were : "It is beautiful." Suodgras3 said at the last: "Oh, the glorious throne of God. The beautiful, angelic light of heaven." She also spoke the names of endeared ones gone before. She seemed to see them. John Harrison, when dying, said to those about him : "Oh, I. nevor saw so much as I do now I Ob, the astonishing, the inconceivable glory of the other world ! What discoveries I have made of it this day. Only see the infinite ex? panse." A young girl when dying said to her mother, "Do you see those beautiful creatureB? I never saw such counte? nances and such attire." Senator Foote, at the last, with eyes all full of a celestial radiance, lifted his hands and looked up, exclaiming: "I see it?I Bee it. The gateB are wide open. Beautiful, beautifult!"?and with? out a movement or a pang immediately expired. A godly man, just before he died, cried out to his attendant, saying, "Look, look at that bright light yonder! Beau? tiful! beautiful I" A Christinn womau, when dying, ex? claimed, with rapture in her eyes: "This is my mansion, all beautiful and glorious. Beautiful? Oh, yes, far more beautiful than earth can afford." A little boy, sight years old, two days before bis death, raised his eyes to the ceiling as if seeing something whioh in? terested him. After contemplating it awhile, he said, "How beautiful you are." Then, stretching out his arms, "Come and take me." ? In France thero is a Government tax of 2 per cent lovied on all bets on races. ? The bath tub in the dressing room of Miss Mary Garrott, of Baltimore, cost $G,000 and is lined with Mexican onyx. ? It is the slight cold frequently con? tracted that finally uudermiues the Bys tem. Use Dr. Bull's Cough Syrup in the beginning stages and bo cured. THURSDAY MOEN WHAT IS MONEY? And Its Proper Function, A. Foster Biggins, in Christian Union. Tha confusion of ideas prevailing on iha subject of money, the irreconcilable character of opinions which are daily uttered by the Solons of tha daily press, and the very serious rsaults which the mara utterance of those authoritative views are likely to precipitate, if not really produce, all domand that some plain, intelligent exposition of the char? acter and requirements of true and ideal money be laid before the public. What is "Money"? From tha exceedingly valued and ex? haustive "Century Dictionary" we learn that money ia: (1) Stamped metal that may be given in exchange for commodities?stamped by public authority and accepted as a medium of exchange. (2) In a wider sense, any article of value which ia gen? erally accepted as a medium of exchange; also, by further extensions, (3) something which, although possessing little or no intrinsic value, is recognized and accepts ed ae a Bubstitute for money proper, such as "paper" money; and (4) any circu? lating medium of exchange. In order to have a clear sense of these distinctions,let us for a moment look at the expression "intrinsic value." Tim term simply declares that an article or BubBtance ha3 a "use" for mankind, and hence a demand for it, which gives it a "value." The greater the demand and the smaller the Bupply, when combined, the higher rises the value. And the re? verse is equally true?the greater the supply in excess of demand, the smaller grows the value. Hence, nothing in nature, aside from its usefulness and demand by mankind, has any value whatever. The question before the public of the United States relates, at the moment, particularly to the first definition of money. It will be seen that the special function of money is to fix values?that is to furnish a medium of absolutely fixed value, wherewith to make an ex? change when the relative values of the articles to be exchanged are determiued by the parties to the trade. The first and most important characteristic of ideal money ia, therefore, a "fixed," non vacilliating value?a value which, once being determined and accepted, must forever remain unchanged. The selection of a metal involves also two other considerations: (1) The qual? ity of that metal in existence must be ample to supply all requirements for its use as money, and (2) it must not be in such excess as to render its entire ab? sorption as money to be beyond the real requirements of the world for the largest volume of money at any time. It will be Been that an ideal metal is very difficult of attainment. Every metal which has a use in the arts and sciences is to that degree objectionable, inasmuch as in? creasing demands for that metal for other uses will sooner or later disturb fixed values and compel new adjustment of its monetary standard; and precisely in a similar manner, unless the supply can be constantly inorelsed by man to keep pace with increased population and the swelling tide of the world's necessi? ties and deBires, an undue appreciation of that already in existence will take place, to the disturbance of the relations of mankind and positive injustice and injury to the entire class of debtors all over the world. In order to still further insure this sta? bility of value, the metal seleoted should have the quality of indestructibility, non-corrosiveness, and be one upon which mere lapse of time could by no operation of natural oauses create deterioration. Suppose then, some metal has been selected by general approval as having the most of the desirable qualities of any one natural metal, aud the weight and fineness of the respective eoins fixed and decreed, it is evident that the only means whereby this standard could be estab? lished would be to open the mints to its entire and exclusive use for money. In other words, the end to be attained being that it shall not vary below the coin value, all that is produced must be ad? mitted first to the right of coinage. This insures that, whatever other use and demand for that metal exiBts, it can only be satisfied by a purchase of the metal at a price fully equal to the coin value, and never less. If any limit whatever be placed upon the extent to which the supply may have the right of coinage, then all surplus becomes a commodity to be bought and sold in the market, and varying daily with the fluctuating de? mands of mankind for its other uses, and hence disturbing all transactions of every nature and creating an intense longing for that element of stability which it would thus be deprived of. Let ub apply these principles. The quantity of money of all kinds now in use in the world may be approximately stated as follows. Gold. 3,500 millions. Silver. 2,500 "? Paper.4,000 Total.10,000 millions. This demonstrates that not only has no one metal been found able at all to fill the requirements of money, but that with even two metals a Bum nearly equal to both metals together has been found necessary, and paper mouey, redeemable in coin, has been injected into use as money. The population of the known civilized world is not less than 1,200,000, 000 (twelve hundred millions), so that the entire bulk of money represents an average of, say, 59 per capita. The in? crease in population of the world is 10 per cent, in ten years,, or, say, 1 per cent, por annum ; therefore, to keep pace with the raoro increase in numbers requires an annual addition of 110 millions of dollars to the bulk of money. From the best attainable sources, the world's pro? duct of gold has fallen from 133 millions in 1870 to 115 millions in 'SO, and to 100 millions in '83, and has averaged about that since. The consumption of gold in the arts and sciences and dentistry is Boraethiug enormous, and is placed at not less than 70 millions per annum. If any such sum be possible, it j"r certain that gold alone is utterly incapable of forming or beiDg established as an ideal Of even a truo expression of money value ING, FEBRUARY 2( on the lowest and least possible basis of calculation. In the foregoingjdeductions any inves? tigation will show that every basis er? on the side of moderation. The increase in population in the United States, instead of 1 per cent., exceeds 3 per cent, per annum. The demand for money, in fact the necessity for money, has in reality no relation to numbers of people. Mulhall, in his "Balance Sheet of the World" declares "tho Americans use three times as much money as we do, their ratio being 80 per eent. in relation with commerce against 28 per cent, in Great Britain, and 56 per cent, for Europe in general." This does not still express the true relation which creates the demand- for money. It would seem that it is the activities of a nation, its actual transactions, which create the demand for and the use of money. Take this Nation, for example; the gigantic transportation and interchange of its productions, estimated by some at 30 and by all not less than 15 thousand millions of dollars per anum, the daily real estate transfers all over this vast Union (in this one city often amounting to an average of a million of dollars per day), tho payment of 20 million of workers, requiring an average of 30 millions per day, and all the multitude of enterprises of this rest? less mass, has driven us into numberless expedients to BUpply the place of real money which cannot be created or sup? plied. My object, however, is not to attempt to analyze these conditions in detail; it must be demonstrated that any attempt to make gold a sole basis of money value is futile. It will also be apparent that if abundance of gold were at command to be made the sole standard of value, to suddenly, by an act of legislation, with? out giving the world the opportunity and right to exchange its silver for gold at a perfect equality of values heretofore attached to them respectively, and with? out adopting absolute safeguards that the transition should be accomplished without a disturbance of existing values, would be to perpetrate an outrage on the rights of mankind, and would, in the recoil, bring about an extreme of retalia? tion, resulting in a double evil. Suoh I believe to be the prevalent fermentation of public opinion ab to the demonetiza? tion of silver. It is now determined by as wise a tribunal as could be devised? men who themselves adopted the act, and would, therefore, naturally defend it to the utmo?t possibility (the Royal Com? mission of Great Britain on Gold and Silver)?a3 follows: 1. That gold has greatly appreciated in value. 2. That it has become scarce. 3. That it is a leading cause oi the general depression in trade and industry; and, 4. That the rise in the value of gold, and its scarcity, has been caused by the demonetization of silver and the falling off in the supply of gold. Such are already the ascertained facta which monometalism produced in the decade past. The future of a persistence iu this measure is expressed by tho same Commission. They say : "It must depend upon the action taken by the various countries where the question of currency is still unsettled. Your Commission on this point would simply remark that if effect should be given to the polic;. of substituting gold for silver and giving gold the preference, and. thus displacing silver from the place it has always occu? pied, of doing the work of the currency, over at least at* large an area as gold, no possible limits could be assigned to the further fall in its value that would inev? itably take place." This may be express? ed in other words thus: No one can tell to what extent gold will thereby be ap? preciated, and the prices and values of everything in the world be depressed." And, let it be remembered, this is what will occur if we attempt to remain on a single gold basis of value. ? It has been argued that this effect will not be as disastrous as some say ; because it is liko water, will find its level, and what is lost iu one way is gained in another, etc., etc. This may be so in some instances; it will be so as respects new transactions, but it has a fatal operation on all fixed debts existing at the date of the transition. The debt must bo paid in the sole coin used and to the entire sum named. If values of everything the debtor owns recede 25 to 30 per cent., he owing ?1,000 must sell $1,250 to ?1,300 of assets to pay his debt thereafter. The bonds of the United States Government during the war were sold on the basis of gold, at 45 cents per dollar. When that debt matured the Government paid 100 cents gold for values received by it at 45 cents. This was due to a disturbance in the value of established money between the dates of the creation of the debt and its payments. The debts of the world are something the human mind canuot grasp. The debts of the nations are 25, 000 millions; of municipalities of the world are probably as much more; of in? dividuals, railroads, and all corporations, as much more; so that it is probable the debts aggregate 75,000 millions. What an effect on the world, therefore, would the arbitrary increasing by legis? lation of this sura, or any sum that rep? resents the debts, by twenty to thirty per cent. What resources remain for escape from this dilemma? Clearly, the return to what the world in its wisdom had for centuries adopted?bimetallism. Aud if silver is to regain ite relative value, how clearly does it appear that Free Coinage is the only possible starting point! Without this all surplus production of the metal becomes a commodity; is offered and forced at sale. If the requirements for all other uses than monoy will not readi? ly absorb this surplus, the price immedi? ately recedes, and constantly fluctuates, as the joint demand for "money" and "otherwise" draws upon it. It certainly appears, from the best statistics, that the quantity of silver which the world's sup? ply affords is not more than euough, af? ter draining tho amount and otherwise than for money?i. c., in the arts and sciences?to supply the actual deficiency which gold falls short of in tho annual requiremeut. If this be so, all prophe? cies of "disaster," "driving out gold," "demonetized gold," etc., are thg merest r, 1891. fancies of diseased and unreasoning imag? inations. The press is very much to blame in its treatment of tbe matter. Without any real facts to justify such statements, the most respectable of our dailies repeat again and again the asser? tion that gold is being hoarded, knowing as they do that Buch a statement impels many thoughtless people to go and do likewise. What others do, they argue? must be for Bome good reason, and they themselves do the same thing, when, perhaps, they are the leaders in the pro? ceeding. Of the two courses, I see much lese risk of disaster, and evil in free coinage than we know by actual experience follows in the train of monometallism. And if this coinage by the United States Mint be limited to the product of the mint smelt? ers and refiners of the United States, no danger can follow.1 It ia needless to say that this consider? ation is limited to the proper baais of all money, and if united action of the prin? cipal governments of the world could be attained, the evil could quickly be cured. But, in default of this, the United States finds itself forced into independent action, and experience has shown us how impor? tant that all money in this country and issued by fiat of this government should have, not only a fixed value for home purposes, but be equally valuable to any foreigner, and for all purposes connected with foreigners. The very distinguished Secretary of the Treasury during the war considered it a necessity to create "greenbacks" aa money, which had no basis of redemption in coin. Government bonds being purchasable in greenbacks at par, receded to an exact quality with them. Gold became a commodity ; was run up in premium until it reached 286, making one dollar of currency in gold value of 35 cents. Of course all things adjusted themselves to this standard, and all the transactions of the citizens of the United States were made upon the sole basis of the legal tender currency. Mil? lions, yes, thousands of millions of dobts were incurred upon these bases. Now, mark the result: Government bonds were payable in cojn ; it was enacted and an? nounced that this would be treated as gold coin; the currency was declared to be at a given date" redeemed in gold. The entire fabric of "money" gave way; and the value of everything rapidly receded. Every one who held property of any kind purchased in currency saw that property, without exception, recede in value, and, by reason of the entire absence of gold, much below its real gold value. Every man and corporation that owed a dollar was confronted with the fact that whilst every dollar of assets was now only pos? sible to be sold at 50 cents or less, yet that every dollar of debt for which only 40 or 50 cents value have been received mu?t now be paid in 100 cents gold value. Eesult: widespread ruin, failure and bankruptcy to hundreds of thousands, and frightful loss to everyone who owned a dollar. Now, had the United States Govern? ment sold its bonds for value in the world's accepted dollar of value (at that time, by virtue of the demonetization of silver, gold only) it perhaps would have realized only an average of 50 cents on the dollar for its debt. Supposing this total be estimated at 3,000 millions, the Government would possibly at the utmost have lost ?1,500 millions of dollars, but with the gold thus obtained it could have issued currency redeemable in gold and have maintained it to the end, and thus have saved the awful fluctuations in value and the great positive losses in? flicted on its citizens by the unwarranted increase in every dollar of obligation and debt, thu3 changed from currency worth 45 cents to gold worth 100 cents. The Government not only stood the los3 of the 1,500 millions, in fact, but by its pro? ceedings inflicted losses on its citizens which no man can correctly estimate, but which in all probability more than dou? bled the Government loss on its own transactions. This warns us that whatever "money" ia established by government must be of fixed and stable value, and made so by the government at all cost to it. I think that the suggestion contained in a bill of? fered by Senator Plumb that the govern? ment should issue one sole currency re? deemable in coin, either gold or silver, at the option of the government, an admi? rable suggestion. I even think 1t might go further, and declare it freely redeema? ble ia gold or silver at the option of the holder. Make such adjustment of the payment of dutie? as would secure the gold, or have the authority at all times to keep up by purchase on hand an am? ple supply of gold to meet any demands for redemption. If it costB the govern? ment even quite a considerable sum per annum in tho purchase of gold to main? tain this state of things, it will be more than counterbalanced by the saving of panics and depression, and it will be the cheapest way of giving this country an absolutely fixed standard of value which the world would soon recognize by pour? ing gold into this country for investment, a?d rapidly do away with any necessity for the purchase of gold for redemption. Tho United States Government must not leave this question to the people's indi-. vidual action; that is, to produce finan? cial disaster on all sides. It should grap? ple with the difficulty; place the country on the true foundation, and stand the result. The worst would be a possible sacrifice for the brief period ne? cessary to show its reliability, but many of us believe no such necessity will ever arise. ? The oppressed subjects of European governments turn to this country for free homes, free laws and for the free use of Salvation Oil for their pains. ? Some recent statistics show that very rapid increase is being mado in vino culture iu this country. There are now under vino culture in America 400,000 acres, of which about 300,000 acres aro bearing. The estimated value of the vinoyards and wine cellars is $155,000, 000. In California there are 150,000 acres under vine culture, and a large proportion of the grapes produced are mado into wiue. Most of the grapes grown in New York State are sold for food. The totnl production of wine in tho United States during the past year is about 40,000,000 gallons. VOLUM A Valuable Invention. ?plr. C. A. Christopher, of this city, has perfected, and secured the patents, both in America and Europe, for a railroad grader and street cutter, which ho claims , will revolutionize railroad building by reducing the cost immensely. It consists of a six horse power traction engine which runs itself and also the cutting knives. These are made of steel and will cut and load into cars a mass of dirt four feet wide, four feet long and four feet deep every minute. The dirt is carried up by a system of scoops, and can be dumped into a cart in half a second, doing away entirely with pick3 and shovels. It can be turned in any direction, run forward or backward and controlled by the operator as easily as a railroad loco? motive. It removes rocka weighing 300 to 500 pounds as easily as dirt, and noth? ing will stop it except rock that must be blasted. Mr. Christopher has been working on the machine for nine years, beginning it when he worked as a fireman on the rail? road. He says that he has already been offered $50,000 for the invention nnd about a third of the stock in a company to manufacture them, but be declined 'he offer. He believes that there is a million in it. If it does all that it promises to do his expectations are not unfounded. The machines are sold at $3,000 each, and he already has orders for three of them, one in Florida and two in Georgia. Mr. Christopher expects to remain in Spartanburg, and the Morgan Iron Works will make the machines as soon as their arrangements can be completed. In the meantime he will have them made in North Carolina or Pennsylvania.?Spar? tanburg Herald. How to Take Care of Good Shoes, It is most annoying to a lady, after having paid a firat-class price for a first class article, and after having worn it but a few times, to find it look quite shabby. This is often the case with boots, and she thinks there is nothing left for her but to have them treated with dressing of some sort or other which will brighten them for the time, only to become more un? sightly each time it is used upon them. Now, it is affirmed by one who has devoted careful attention to the best care of shoes and boots that all that is neces? sary when a kid boot is new, and has turned blue, or in any way lost its pol? ish, is to black the discolored part3 with common black ink, let it dry and rub off all the superfluous ink with a soft piece of cloth or rag, then take the white of an egg and beat it well up till It is quite thin, but not frothy. This can be put on ail over with the finger, but like all dressings, should be used very sparingly, not that it will hurt the leather, only that by putting it on thin, as it is trans? parent, the grain of the leather, which is its beauty, is left visible. This will be found the brightest and cleanest pol? ish that can possibly be got, and dust can be removed with a sort of brush. One of the principal points in cleaning leather is to well rub off all the dirt be? fore using the dressing, and then to use as little dressing as possible, or none at all, if boots can be made to look well without. Patent leather is very delicate, more especially when new; in cold weather just a slight pressure will crack it, and for this reason the wearers of it should always put new patent leather boots or shoes before tho fire?only for a short time and not too close. This makes the leather very pliant, and prevents it from cracking. When on the foot for the first time patent leather boots should be rub? bed to the shape of the foot with the hand; this will block the leather, and it is not so likely to wrinkle and crack in wear. When patent leather boots and shoes are getting dull, white of egg will be found best for them. Startling n Stranger. Down below Nathez, while the boat was runnlug in close to the left hand bank and had stopped her wheels to avoid a big tree floating in an eddy, we saw a native sitting on a stump fishing. He sat bent over, bat over his eyes, and there was scarcely a movement to tell that he was alive. We had a "Smart Aleck" with us on the promenade deck and he had no sooner caught sight of the native than he called to one of the dock j hands to toss him up a potato. A peck or more of the tubers were lying around loose near a pile of .'racks and on3 was quickly tossed up. "Now see me startle him," said "Smart Aleck," as he'swung his arm for a throw. The distance was only about 100 feet and his aim was so true that the potato landed on the native's head with a dull thud. His motions were so quick that we couldn't agree as to how he did it, but in about three seconds he had drop? ped his pole, pulled a revolver as long as his arm and fired at Smart Aleck. The bullet bored a hole in his silk hat just above hid hair and the young man sank down in a heap and fainted dead away. When we restored him to his senses he carefully felt the top of his head, looked back at the fisherman and absently asked : "Did she explode both boilers or only one?"?New York Sun. State of Ohio, City or Toledo, J Lucas County, j Frank J. Cheney makes oath that he is the senior partner of the firm of F. J. Cheney & Co., doing business in the City of Toledo, County and State afore? said, and that said firm will pay the sum of ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS for each and every case of Catarrh that cannot be cured by the use of Hall's Catarrh Cure. FRANK J. CHENEY. Sworn to before me and subscribed in my presence, this Gth 'day of December, A. D. 1SSG. A. W. GLEASON, { S^ j Notary Public. Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken internally and acts directly on the blood and mucous BurfnceB of tho system. Send for testi? monials, froa, F. J. CHENEY & Co., Toledo, 0. ry -Id by Druggists, 75c. E XXV.?NO. 34. All Sorts of Paragraphs. ? Twenty-nine States have enacted laws restricting the sale of cigarettes. ? A Young Men's Christian Associa? tion has been established in the city of Jerusalem. ? Itch on human and horses and all animals cured in 30 minutes by Wol ford's Sanitary Lotiou. This never fails. Sold by Hill Bros. Druggists, Anderson. ? Lord Scully, an Englishman, owns 90,000 acres of land in Illinois, and draws thence an annual income of $200,000. Other foreign landowners run up other cctious to a total of $22,00r ,000. ? Tho merchants of Sturgeon, Mo., have enter/d into an iron clad agreement to enforr-.vthe cash system in that town. "Any - 'r u caught selling goods on credit forfrP.vall his outstanding accounts." . - ? John E. Parsons, the New York -.-a'wyer, is said to have received a fee of $400,000 for legal services in organizing the Sugar Trust. This is believed to be the largf.st fee ever paid in thi3 country. ? General Longstreet declares that with the defeat of the force bill, section? alism is dead, and that much of the credit is due the Farmers' Alliance, that first dug the grave in which the bloody S ehirt was buried. He thinks the fight in : 1S92 will be waged on financial and economic issues. ? On last Saturday Mr. J. J. Epting, who lives near Upwell in Lexington County, was working in the woods and had with him his little five-year-old son. The wind blew heavily and a large limb . of a tree broke loose and fell on the head of the child, crushing in the skull. The child is in a very critical condition. ? According to W. S. Wilcox, Ph D., in the Independent there are more divor? ces annually granted in the United States than in all the rest of the civilized world together. In 1885 the total for" this country was over 23,0u0 as against 21,000 in all Christian Europe and America be? sides. '' ? Two physicians of Havanna are successfully inoculating new arrivals in Cuba against yellow fever, through mos? quitoes that have contaminated them? selves by stinging yellow fever patients. Fifty-two cases of mosquito inoculation have been followed up. Of them only about 8 per cent subsequently contracted the '\sease, with a mortality of less than 2 r.Qt cent. ? A prominent Wall street operator makes the prediction that before 1892 all the railroads of the Northwest will be under one management, headed by Jay Gould. This is said to be but the begin? ning of a gigantic Railroad Trust, to take in all the railroads of the country. C. P. Huntington is now at work on a trust scheme, which ia to have a capital of $2,000,000,000. ? A writer in the Boston Traveler says: "A clever little housekeeper told me the oLher day that she has a iarge trunk in the garret marked 'Things I do not want.' When she comes across any? thing she thinks good for nothing instead of throwing it away she consigns it to this trunk. And what, then, do.you think ? She says further that when she wants anything she doesn't have she goes to this trunk and is sure to find it." ? People who ask whether missions pay should consider the missionary Church founded at Okayama, Japan, by missionaries of the American board ten years ago, with 32 members. It has now a membership of over 550; five Churches in the province, and two in adjoit ones claim it as their parent; a girls' school with 52 students, a boys' school with 34, and an orphan asylum with 90 inmates are among its outgrowths, and 1,300 professing Christians began their spiritual life there. ? "Hon" Jerry Simpson of the K&n 3a5 Farmers' Alliance has been speaking on the money question, and for himself he prefers paper to silver or gold; and he suggests that if the paper issues be based on the billions of precious metals lying unmined under our mountains we Bhould have a security of the most perfect sort, and as well one that could not be broken in upon by thieves or picked up and carried away by the first enemy that invades the country. Some of the papers are making great fun over this idea of the poor and unlettered Jerry. But it ia none other than that on which the mil? lionaire United States Senator, Stanford, rests his proposition of a paper issue based on the land of the country. If Simpson had been trying to show the ridiculous nature of the Stanford notion he could not have done belter. People who have failed to see the flaws in Stan? ford's reasoning can think over the amusing proposition of Simpson, and more easily find them. ? Governor Nicholls, of Louisiana, ; has lost an arm and a leg, but so deftly have the artificial members been fitted to the stumps that few people are in the se? cret of his loss, says a correspondent of the New York World: "His colored body servant was left behind on the occasion of his last visit to Vickaburg, and at his dis? posal during his stay was put a likely young lad, who was told to try and take the old body servant's place. That night, Governor Nicholls was ready to retire, he stretched out one of his legs to Ned and said, 'Ned, unscrew that leg.' Ned's eye's began to open with horror, but he obeyed and took the leg off. Governor Nichols then said, calmly stretching out an arm, 'Ned, unscrew that arm.' The boy rolled up bis eyes until nothing but the whites could be seen, but he obeyed and unscrewed the arm. The Governor, who now realized his condition of mind, de? termined to h.ivo a little fun with him, so reaching out his neck, he said, 'Ned unscrew that head.' But the boy never waited to see whether his head would come off or not, and no one succeeded in getting him to go near Governor Nicholls again." Childreu Enjoy The pleasant flavor, gentle action and soothing effects of Syrup of Figs, when in need of a laxative and if the father or mother be costive or billious, the most gratifying results follow its use, so that it is the best family remedy known and ev? ery family Bhouldihaye a bottle.