University of South Carolina Libraries
I w BY CLINKSCALES & LANGSTON. 00 PEOPLE REALLY EVER EXCEL THEMSELVES? One Is tempted to believe so while looking through the Themen clous Stock of Ladies' and Children's Goods with which Miss Lizzie Williams has just returned from Northern Markets. The r.?,3te and care displayed in the present selection outrival even her grandest nucceasea in the past, and her reputation.as a skillful Buyer, which has heretofore been unvjualled, seems, if possible, to increase in strength greatly, to the delight of her customer!, who are benefited more than herself. To see is to admire! And to hear a quotation from prices is to wonder I Sucb Style I Such quality! And in return for such a small amount of money! Was "** he like ever seen before ? If not, come to the? Ladies' Store ! J. P. SULLIVAN & CO'S. INVITATION I We extend a cordial invitation to any of our Friends who come to the City to call in and see us. They certainly owe it to them? selves to let no chance pass to buy their Merchandise Right! I We have a IFullt Line of STAPLE AND SEASONABLE GOODS! PRESENT indications warrant the belief that a large Fall trade will be realized, and we have never before since our start in business used more caution in buying and selecting our stock. Discounting every dollar's worth of goods that come into our house, whether it be Groceries or Dry Goods, which enables to meet any and all competition. Come, in then, and you will find as with our hands out of our pockets. Gome in, and if we don't give you cause to congratulate yourselves, why, we'll apologize, for we are here to do busi? ness, and whatever is not right we will make right. With thanks for past patronage, we remain, Respectfully yopr?, P. SULLIVAN & CO. O ?SC 3 o WE have already received a big portion of our large stock of Lamps for this season, and they are constantly arriving : Library Lamps, St?deots' Lamps, Stand Lamps, Church Lamps, Store Lamps, Parlor Lamps, Kitchen Lamps cheaper than ever before. PA!"NTS, PAINTS, PAINTS ! We have the largest and most complete Hoe of Floor Paints, Carriage and Buggy Paints, Mixed House Paints, Eaamel Paints in all shades, White Lead and Oil. Brashes, all sizes, from 10c up. Don't forget that we keep the largest stock of? rugs, Patent Medicines, Brushes, Combs, Toilet Articles Of all kinds, including Perfumery, Fine Soaps, Face Powder*, &c. We will take pleasure in showing you through our big stock. Call early and get a look at our elegant line of Lamps. WILHITE & WILHITE. HEADQUARTERS ? GROCERIES. OuR Establishment is now full and runniog over with the best selected stock of FAMILY and FANCY [GROCERIES, CANNED GOODS, TOBACCO, Etc., Ever brought to Anderson. We invite you to iospect our good*, and we guarantee to please your taste as well as your purse. Just received a big lot of? TEXAS RED RUST PROOF OATS. McGEE & HiIGOlsr. i TflA?HflRg'?oLJJMN, -Kit. AU communications? intended for this Column should be addressed to D. H. RtJSSBLL, School Commissioner, Ander? son, 8. C. We are glad to note that many of our schools are going to begin during the present month, and we promise ourselves much pleasure in sooo seeing the famil? iar faces of the teachers and children all earnestly set toward getting in a good winter's work. And you teachers as you go to your school rooms on the first day, and day by day strive to impress upon your children by precept and example the important fact that this is the season of work for them, that they afe going to reap a harvest, and that the harvest will be Just according to the seed they aow. Reach out after these young and tender minds. Get hold of them in someway and you will be successful. The law makes it the duty of the trus? tees to look after the schools and the teachers in their Districts, and there seems to be a disposition on the part of the patrons to relegate the whole busi? ness to* the Trustees, and we hope this winter that they will do more of this than they have ever done. No matter, gentlemen, if you don't know much about teaching and text books, your presence there is an encouragement to both teacher and pupils, and is an evi? dence to them that Bomebody is thinking about them aud taking au interest in them, and to that extent will be an in? centive to renewed activity. True, you don't get any pay for it, neither do you get any pay for a day spent in town or at the neighboring store, or at" some neighbor's home. Spend a day at each of your schools. You will be' able to form some idea as to what sort of a teacher you have, and whether she is doing hon? est work or not. Go and see for your? selves. And what we have said above to the Trustees, we would emphasize doubly to the patrons. You have a great deal at stake in that school. You have interests there that can not be measured by dol? lars and cents. The immortal part of your child is being trained and educated for weal or woe by another away from the parental eye. Have you no interest o:r concern in tbe matter? Of course you have. And won't you manifest that interest by going over to the school house some afternoon, you fathers and mothers, too, and spend the time in see? ing what and how they are doing ? The teacher and your own children and your neighbor's children will be glad to see you. We verily believe that some of tbe poor teaching complained of sometimes might be improved by a little friendly overlooking on the part of those who are interested. And, although you may sometimes feel like it don't cost you any? thing, nevertheless it does, for it is tax* money, and it comes out of your pockets, and it is good business sense to see after it. We heard recently of two families in the same neigbborhood, each of them with five or six children of school age, none of whom have gone to school in the last two years as much as two weeks. And yet all that time there was a school in a mile and a half of each of them, and the father of the teacher went to them and besought them earnestly to send their children, as it would cost nothing. And the writer of this saw some of these same children on a recent Sabbath after? noon having a high old time tantalizing a vicious mule, and one in the party was a grown young woman. What is tbe difference between those people and the heathen? How far removed are they from a state of barbarism ? And tbis, too, right upon the identical spot where, thirty five years ago, stood one of the most famous Academies in tbe State! What is to be done about it? These boys and girls are growing up to augment the ranks of the ignorant and the vicious, and will in turn produce another crop of ignorance and vice. Shall not the State take bold of these parents and sternly require the attendance of their children at school. Would it not be cheaper to do this than to convict thcr. in tbe courts and imprison them in the jails ? What right have parents to deny their chil? dren those privileges? HaB auy parent a right to raise a vicious child to prey upon society ? HaB not tbe State a right by reason of the higher law of 9elf-pre Bervation to take hold of these children and have them sent to school? These are questions that are full of import to us as. a people, because the stability of our institutions and the peaec and good order of society rest upon the virtue and intelligence of its membei ?. At the meeting of the Trustees on the 7ch of October, they adopted a refiolution to reserve each year one third of their respective apportionments until each District in the County would be on a cash basis, which would take just three years. This is a step decidedly in the interest of all parties interested. Better teachers can be had when the Trustees have cash in hand to pay them, and the teachers themselves will do better work when they know the money is in hand to pay at the end of each month. They also resolved to accept the provisions of the recent Act of tbe Legislature author? izing each Township to levy a special tax upon itself, not to exceed two mills, for school purposes. There was great una? nimity of sentiment among the Trustees on this matter after they had discussed it aud ascertained the meritorious points of the Act, the most valuable feature of which is that each taxpayer is permitted to designate to which school his taxes shall be paid. This enables each tax? payer to have his money spent on hie nearest school, the one to which he sends his own children. There is a demand on the part of the people for longer school termB and for better teachers. There is no way to have either or both without more money. Voluntary subscription to a school cannot be relied on, for it is spasmodic and uncertain. Some years a good school can be had by it, and the very next year not more than half the people will eubscribe, and always there are those who will not subscribe their fair proportion, and thus they make tbo ANDERSON, S. a, T: burden of sustaining a school fall une? qually upon the patrons. By accepting the provisions of this Act the burden falls equally upon all?it is two mills upon every dollar of the taxable property of the District. The writer has been ashed the question all over the County why we don't have longer schools, and the reply has invariably been given that it is for lack of money. The average length of the term for the County for this last year wa3 four months'; now if each Township should levy the two mill additional it would just double the school fund of that Township, less the number of polls in it. For instance No. 11 (Broadaway) bas $480.35 from the con? stitutional iwo mill tax, and if the addi? tional two mill tax was levied^it would just double that amount, and if they run four months with tbe present amount they could hire better teachers, pay bet? ter salaries, and run at least six or seven months. Who will say tbat this would not be better than it is at present? Discuss the matter, friends, among your? selves. It rests entirely with the people. The law gives from noiv until the 1st day of next June to fix up the matter, and during this coming winter when the farm work is not so pressing, would be the best time to take action, and the writer of this would take great pleasure in meeting with tbe people of each Township at any set time or place to discuss the matter, or to give any infor? mation in his possession. Who wifl be first to act? Who Can Marry in SouthJCarolina t We clip the following Sections from the Revised Statutes of South Carolina : Section 2027. All marriages con" tracted while either of the parties has a former wife or husband living, shall be void; Provided, That this Section shall not extend to a person whoso husband or wife shall be absent for the space of seven years, the one not knowing the other to be living during that time; nor to ang person who shall be divorced, or whose first marriage shall be declared void by the sentence of a competent court. SEC. 2589. Whoever being married, and whose husband or wife has not remained continually for seven years beyond tbe sea, or continually absent himself or herself, the one from the other, for the space of seven years together, the one of them not knowing the other to be living within that time, or who were [was] not married before the age of consent; or where neither hus? band or wife is under sentence of impris? onment for life,* or whose marriage has not baen annulled by a decree of a com-, petent tribunal having jurisdiction both of the cause and the parties?shall mar? ry another person, the former husband or wife being alive, shall on conviction, be punished by imprisonment in the Peni? tentiary, for not more than five years, nor les3 than six months, or by imprison? ment in the jail for six months, and by a fine of not ler-s than five hundred dollar?. From the above law it appears tbat a person divorced by a competent tribunal may marry again in this State. Tbe law of South Carolina, while silent on the divorce question does not mske it unlawful for a divorced person to re? marry in South Carolina. The Revised Statutes of South Caroli? na allow re-marrijige for six causes, viz.: 1. Absence beyond the seas for .-even years. 2. Absence anywhere for seven years, when one does not know the other to be living. 3. Imprisonmsnt for life. 4. Marriage under age of consent. 5. Divorce (for any cause) under the jurisdiction of a competent tribunal, 6. Where the first marriage is declared void by the eentence of a competent court. Men Not Equal. A St. Louis Republic reporter recently bad the following interview with the Rev. Dr. R. A. Holland : "Dr. Holland," said the reporter, "the reports of your speech before one of tbe Episcopal societies in New York have you say that all men are not born free and equal, as the declaration of inde? pendence reads, and as every youth of the land is taught along with tbe rudi? ments of their education." Dr. Holland was sitting on an easy settee, leaning back on the upholstered arm, and as the reporter spoke he half raised in his seat, and, with eyes fairly blazing in the conviction of bis belief, he said: ''Well, are they? Can any? thing be more absurd than to say that men arj born free and equal? I assert again, and I think no man can gainsay it, that men are not born equal in any way, physically, mentally, ot morally, except in the fact that all men are born men. You might as well say that all men are equal from a physical stand? point, that the man who is weak physi? cally is the match, from a physical point of view, with the giant. Theoretic democracy is absurd. It never did and never can exist on earth or in heaven. Men are not equals anywhere?not in governmental rights, any more than in physical strength, wealth or talent. Nor are men equal in any eense before the law. They are not enlisted into the army equally, cannot go to West Point or Annapolis equally; may not pass competitive examinations for civil ser? vice equally, nor equally become public school teachers, nor pay equal taxes, nor stand with equal severity before the criminal courts. Equality before the law means simply tbat law is law, and men are men?a tautology not quite aphorismic on the part of those who, by acute dintinclions would save the Decla? ration of Independence and democracy from nonsense. Law is equal inasmuch as its distinctions act uniformly. These are the views in a nutshell which I gave before the society, and I am free to main? tain that the theory is a true one. There was no excitement over these statements among the members of tbe society or the convention, and I was surprised to find that so much had been said on the sub? ject by ,tbe people and the press of the country." ? Caution insures safety, and all cau? tious people cure their coldi with Dr, Bull's Cough Syrup. 25c. I BURSDAY MOBNIN ALLIANCE DAY AT ATLANTA. CoI.L. L. Tolk's Ringing Words to the Georgia Farmers. At the recent celebration of Alliance day at the Atlanta Exposition Col. L, L. Polk, editor of the Progressive Farmer, Raleigh, N. C, was the orator. In the course of his speech Col. Polk said : Among the many seductive considera? tions presented in tbe cordial and cour? teous letter of invitation from my gifted friend, Mr. Grady, was the fact that thia is the Alliance and Farmers' day of your Exposition. This recognition of the great agricultural interest is as just and considerate as it is graceful and ap? propriate, for in the South it represents 71 per cent of our population and 38 per cent of the entire agricultural population of the United States. It represents $12,000,000,000 in lands; $1,750,000,000 in livestock; $500,000,000 in implements and machinery, and $3,000,000,000 in the annual products of its labor. It supplies over 62 per cent of our domestic exportB and pays four fifths of the taxes of the country. The entire human family is dependent on it for raiment and daily food. The great propelling power which freights and drives our ponderous trains to and fro over our 150,000 miles of rail? way, which sends our ships of commerce to the ports of the world, which keeps in motion tbe vast machinery of all our industries, is the muscle of the strong and brawny arm of the American farmer. We rejoice at the wonderful and mar? vellous progress in the arts and sciences, in transportation facilities, in mining and manufacturing, in the growth of towns and cities, as developed within the past two decades, and which was so graphical? ly described last week by your distin? guished guest and speaker, Governor Hill, of New York. Tbe growth of tbe country under aggressive American enterprise has ex? cited the wonder and admiration of the world. Steam and electricity, those twin giants of power, have been harnessed to tbe blazing chariot of American progress, and have startled and staggered the human mind by their marvellous achieve? ments. The nations of the earth now sit down in family conference. Steel rails, electricity, the steamship, the steam power press and the locomotive have revolutionized the industries and com? merce of the world. Twenty five years ago here stood the wreck of a country town. The genius of ruin and desolation waved his black sceptre in fiendish triumph over these hills and plains, while they trembled and quivered under the giant tramp.of the war-gods and the reverberation of thun? dering cannon. To day we behold with pride your beautiful and flourishing city. The grand rumbling of your trains, the inspiring scream of whistles, tbe ringing clatter of hammer and trowel, tbe musical hum of looms and spindles, the swelling din of workshops and fac? tories, the tramp of our busy thousands, the tinkling ring of hammer and anvil, all join to swell the grand chorus of the world's happy song of industrial progress. In all this, I say, the farmers and patriots of the land most heartily rejoice. * But in this rapid development of our civilization forces have been evolved, socially, industrially, morally and politi? cally, which are dangerous alike to the liberty of the citizen and to tbe life of the Republic, and tbe contemplation of which must arouse serious apprehension, if not alarm, with every reflecting patriot in our land. Mighty problems confront us and must be met in a spirit of fairness, of justice and of equity. We stand in the crucial erea of our free institutions, of our Re? publican form of Government and of our Christian civilization. "Equal rights to all and special privileges to none" is one of the fundamental principles of our Government, and must be observed and maintained if we would preserve a vigor? ous and healtful condition in our econo? mic systems, and perpetuate and advance our civilization. In our astounding development and almost bewildering progress let us strive against the domina? tion of one element over another. A just and safo equipoise between tbe great industries or material element of our civilization must be maintained. And on this day it may be appropriate and profitable for the thousands of repre? sentatives of the great agricultural inter? ests here assembled to take a brief but faithful survey of the situation. Retro? gression in American agriculture means national decline, national decay and ultimate and inevitable ruin. The glory of our civilization cannot survive the neglect of our agriculture, the power and grandeur of our country cannot survive the degradation of tbe American farmer. Railroads, villages, towns, cities, manufacturing enterprise in all its de? partments, mercantile and speculative enterprise and corporations, flourish and prosper as never before in our history and yet there are hundreds of thousands of farmers?honest, economical farmers? who have tilled good lands, have worked hard ar.d lived hard, and are iu worse condition, financially, to day than they were twenty-five years ago. In 1840 the farmers of the United States numbered one-half our population, and owned one half the wealth of the country. In 1850, though still about one-half our popula? tion, they owned only one-fourth the wealth of the country. From 1850 to I860 they had increased the value of their farms 101 per cent. From 1870 to 18S0 the increase was only 9 per cent, and yet our agricultural population had increased 29 per cent, while the aggregate wealth of the country increased 170 per cent. In your own State of Georgia, while your population increased GO per cent from 18G0 to 188G, your lands decreased in value 33 per cent. And now as to crops. In 1SG6 the wheat, corn, rye, barley, buckwheat, hay, oats potatoes, cotton and tobacco sold for $2,007,402,231. In 1884?eighteen years later, when the cultivated acreage had been ueariy doubled, the number of farms and farm hands bad doubled, and agri? cultural implements and machinery had been vastly improved?these same crops sold for$2,043,500,4SI, an increase of only thirty six millions, or less than 2 per ceut more than they were sold for in ism G, NOVEMBER 7,1 But we are told that thiB is due to over? production. There can be no over? production so long as the cry for bread shall be heard from a single child in the land. It is not over production, but it is the want of proper distribution or equita? ble disposition of the products of labor. AgaiD, we are told that we can buy more with a dollar than ever before. But we ask, where is the dollar? And how much of the products of our labor will buy that dollar ? And when obtain? ed, will it pay more interest? Will it pay more debts? Will, it pay more taxes? A pertinent inquiry might be appropriately introduced just here. Why should a United States bond bearing 4 per cent interest bo worth 127 cents on the dollar, while good farms cannot be mortgaged for more than one-third their value, at 7 to 10 per cent interest ? And how stands agriculture in the race of progress with manufacturing? From 1850 to 1SG0 agriculture led manufacturing in increased value of products 10 per cent. From 1870 to 1880 manufacturing led agriculture in increas? ed value of products 27 per cent, a differ? ence of 42 per cent in favor of the increas? ed growth of manufacturing. With these significant and alarming facts before us, can we wonder that our young men are deserting the farms in favor of other vocations ? In this fruitful land, where should be beard the husband? man's happy Rong of plenty and content? ment, is it any wonder that we should hear the universal wail of "hardtiness" among the farmers? Our national treasury is overflowing with millions of dollars needlessly wrung from the hard earnings of the people, while the business of the country is clogged and stagnated for the want of s,o adequate .circulating medium. With an agricultural popula? tion whose energy, enterprise, industry and skill is recognized the world over: with generous soils, adapted to the successful growth of all the leading crops demanded by commerce; with the teem? ing millions of the earth as our custo? mers ; with transportation facilities equal to the productive power of the country why should agriculture languish and decline? But again. It is said that the strength and glory of a country is in the homes of its people. Look at France, that erratic but gallant, brilliant, prosperous people. When, in 1870, her proud standards went down in humilation and defeat at Sedan ?her second Waterloo?an electrical thrill of astonishment shocked the civilized world. -And when the victor imposed an indemnity of 51,000,000,000 in coin to be paid in cash, that astonish? ment gave way toiiympatby, for both to be forgotten in the applause which greeted her as she came forth staggering and bleeding and promptly paid every dollar of it. Whence her power to perform this remarkable achievement ? It lay in her myriad humble but prosperous homes, the castles of her yeomary, where was fostered diversified industry and diversi? fied intelligence. Iu this vitally important matter what is the tendency in our own country ? Let official statistics furnish the answer. From 1870 to 1880 our farms under three acres decreased 33 per cent, while farms of 100 to 500 acres increased 200 per cent. Farms of 3 to 10 acres decreased 200 per cent. Farms of 3 to 10 acres decreased 25 per cent whilB farms of 500 to 1,000 acres increased 500 per cent. Farms of 10 to 20 acres decreased over 13 per cent, while farms of 1,000 or more acres increased 770 percent. Although cur population had increased 33 per cent, there were in 1830 145,153 less farms under 50 acres than in 1870. What do these startling figures suggest ? John Looke said: "Whoever own the land owns the people." The figures quoted are but another powerful witness to prove that through the rapid congestion of wealth our population is being resolved into two classes, the extremely rich, and the extremely poor classes, which, in all ages, have been the weakest defenders of civil liberty and human freedom. The middle class, that mighty bulwark of liberty, the great, conservator of the highest civilization, of the ages, is gradu? ally, but surely, weakening and fading away. Centralized capital, allied to irresponsible corporate power, is the most formidable and dangerous evil that threatens the preservation of our free government. It annuls the ancient law in trade of "supply and demand," it overrides individual rights, it controls conventions, it corrupts the ballot box, it subsidizes the press, it invades our temples of justice, it intimidates official authority, it losters official corruption, it robs the many to enrich the few, it destroys legitimate competition aod dictates legislation, State and national. Mighty forces are being marshalled which shall test the strength of our virtue, our patriotism, our appreciation of self government and onr love of liberty. In theBe closing years of the nineteenth century is the struggle again to be renewed for ascendency,, between individ? ual rights and constitutional government on the one side and coutralized capital and arrogant monopoly on the other ? When that supreme hour of our trial shall come the rejuvenated, self-made South, which has "come up out of great tribulation" and whose honest hands, thank God, we can proudly claim, are unspotted by the rapine of greedy, selfish avarice, or the spoils and plunder of the helpless?the South, true to her glorious history and traditions, will be, in the lan? guage of Governor H ill, not only "solid for good government, solid for the welfare of its people, solid for integrity in privato and official life, solid an its opposition to a paternal administration of public affairs, solid against Congressional ex? travagance, solid in its renunciation of the errors of the past, solid for American ideas, solid in its devotion to the new nation, solid in its aspirations for a higher civilization, and solid for all that would make us a prosperous and powerful republic," but it will also be solid against pools, combines, trusts and monopolistic conspiracies for the robbery of the people, solid against any policy which fosters or tolerates them, solid against Anarchism, Communism, Socialism, and Nihilism, solid for the greatest good to the greatest number, solid for justice and equity among the people, as advocated by our patriot fathers, solid for the rights oi the 889. many as against the arrogant assumptions of the few, and solid for the integrity and dignity of that race which has illu? mined the brightest pages of the world's history with its grand achievements for the civilization and elevation of human? ity. I have thus but briefly adverted to some of the causes and conditions which have brought into being that splendid and powerful organization known as the Farmers' and Laborers' Union of Ameri? ca. Seeking to restore agriculture to its just position among the other great industries of the country, and to recon? struct and re establish our economic sys? tems on the great and eternal principles, of equity and justice, we ask not, but refuse to accept any special or class leg? islation on its behalf. Spurning the nursing bottle-of ?19 Government, we ask only for an open field and an equal chance. . We ask not for charity, but we demand simple justice. Disguise it as we may, we are threatened to day with the mightiest revolution?peaceful and bloodless, I pray God, it may be?that the world has ever witnessed. "Gentle? men may cry peace, peace, but there is no peace." The professional politician may remonstrate against "the farmer in politics," but there are great economic and legislative reforms demanded, alike, by justice and the necessities of the times, which in importance and magni? tude, rise far above any or all considera? tions of a mere partisan character, and which "will not down at his bidding." Humiliating as it may be to the pride of the American heart, painful and alarming as it may be to the Christian patriot, we have reached already, in the spring time of our national life, the point where we mu3t decide whether this is really a Government "of the people, by the people and for the people," whether the citizen or the dollar is sovereign in this country, whether we shall have an aristocracy of wealth or 'n aristocracy of manhood and merit, whether we shall re-enthrone in sceptred power themsjesty and sovereignty of the people, whether we shall restore our old ship of State to its ancient moorings, or whether it shall be engulfed in anarchy and ruin. Reaching from New Jersey to New Mexico, and from the Gulf to the Great Lakes, the millions of American freemen who are rallying to the standard of this grand organization, undivided by sec? tional lines, unbiased by sectional prejudice, uoited by common dangers, impelled by a common interest, actuated by a common purpose, knowing but one name, acknowledging but one flag?the flag of our common country?invoking the benedictions' of Eeaven in their patriotic endeavor, they enter on their holy pilgrimage, led and guided by the Spirit of Justice "a pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night," they will restore the ark of our covenant, fashioned and bequeathed to us by our fathers, to its ancient place in the holy of holies, in our Temple of Liberty. Ladies, I had thought my task done, but it would be unpardonably incomplete and I would do violence to every impulse of my nature did I fail to express to you from a grateful heart my profound appreciation of the distinguished honor done me by your inspiring presence and your most respectful attention. Among the celebrities of Grecian mythology was Orpheus, who was crown? ed th9 "Father of Song." The gods were enchanted by the melodious strains of his melting minstrelsy?the trees of the forest bowed their stately heads, and the glad streams hushed their happy song at the grand swelling sweep of his tuueful lyre. At bis death friendly muses bore him leathered tread to his last resting place, ac the foot of Mount Olymbus, and summoning a nightingale they charged it with the duty of appearing every evening to warble its sweetest lays as a ceaseless dirge over his lonely grave. Not more touchingly beautiful is this legend than will be to future generations the story?the proud, the wonderful story ?of the heroic devotion of the women of the South. A sympathy tender and true as that which moved Israel's maidens to repair annually to the hills of Gilead to sweep over the mournful fate of Jeptha'sdaugh? ter, mingled with a grief deep and unutterable as that which smote the hearts of the fathers and mothers of their first born, inspired the maidens and mothers of the South, in the dark hour of our calamity, with a heroism and devotion unparalleled in all the annals of the world. Their fathers, brothers and sons charged fortifications crowned with bristling cannon, which belched forth fiery streams of destruction and death: they stood in the red haze of battle, face to face with the foe, and looked bim in the eye over gleaming gun barrels with unblanched cheek; they went to the feast of carnage, and death, presided over by the war gods, like maidens going to a marriage feast, and made a record . that eclipsed Rome's legionBinber palmiest days. Grand and resplendently sublime as is that record, yet the chivalrous and grate? ful South would present as the model of her heroic spirit the name of one which is not to be found on the muster rolls of her immortal soldiery. She would point, not to waving plumes in victorious battles, but rather to the splendid wreck ofthat once proud and luxurious home, surrounded by all the comforts and elegance which wealth and affection could bestow. Amid the drear desolation and ruins of that home stands the proud figure of her whose delicate fingers bad never known a ruder touch than the worried keys of the piano, or the silken strings of the guitar, and from around whom the tune waves of war had swer.t everything save her grand and superb womanhood; yet in the firmness and majesty of her great and noble spirit, she proudly proclaimed to the world. "We, the woman of the South, accept the situation." Proud, and justly proud, as we are and should be, of the record of Southern men, yet had I the power I would sum? mon all the grand old heroes of the living, and the immortal spirits of the dead, and align them in front, and ask them to join me in saluting her as the queen of the heroes of the world. , I have been made to thank Gcd over and over again that X was born in this, VOLUM our beloved Southland, where the proud? est boast of our manhood and honor is that "here her flat is omnipotent, and that she sways undisputed the sceptre of absolute social dominion." May the noble example of her sublime moral heroism never perish from our memories! Inscribe it on imperishable tablet! Embalm it in undying song! Let the genius of pencil and chisel em? bellish it with its most resplendent in? spiration ! Let fame place it among her richest treasures in the pantheon of im? mortality, and let the time swept harp of the ages swell in grander strains the giant anthem of praise to Southern moth* ers and maidens. A HISTORICAL REVELATION. Why the Plumbed Knight Declined the Presidency. New York, October 28.?The World prints five and a half columns from its European correspondent,dated Florerce, showing that James G. Blaine, when he wrote bis famous letter of January 5, 1888, declining to allow his nomination by the Republican Presidential Conven? tion in Chicago, did so by the urgent advice of his physician. He was then a very sick man, was paralyzed and speechless and was also suffering from intense melancholia. The article, afr.er giving the various dictionary definitions of paresis, continues as follows: "Poor Mr. Blaine! For nearly two years be has endured misrepresentation and abuse for suddenly rejecting a Presi? dential nomination which at last was absolutely in his own hands. He has kept silent. He has striven to envelop in mystery his reasons for writing t'.ie Florence letter. The truth should loe known. It does- not reflect upon Mr. Blaine. It commands for him, on the contrary, the apologies of his querulous friends and the sympathies of his politi? cal opponents. The facts herein set-forth belong to the history of American poli? tics, though not by any means are all the occurrences of that sad winter to Mr. Blaine's life presented, because there is no wish to add to the sorrows of his recollections of it." Mr. Blaine had a stroke of paralysiii, brought on by a chill caught in the Sr.. Gothard tunnel. He was prostrated at Milan for twenty-four days, and with his convalescence appeared a most distress? ing type of melancholia, which fully developed after he reached Florence. During this last stage of his long and painful illness, acting on the advice of a conscientious physician, Mr. Blainu wrote the letter withdrawing his name from the list of Presidential candidates. The World correspondent first called upon Dr. Baldwin, of Florence, upon whose advice the letter was written. Ho argued that the writing of the letter waa a matter of life or death to Mr. Blaine, who did not consult any of his friends in America upon the step he was taking,, When asked why he had urged Mr. Blaine to write the letter, Dr. BaldwiE replied: "I will never tell what was the matter with Mr. Blaine, further than to say thai his trouble was functional, not apoplec-' tic. But it was of the utmost gravity. For him to have gone into the excite? ment of a summer and fall campaign such as would have followed his nomina? tion would have cost him his life. I am certain of that. It is a matter as far re? moved from the realm of doubt as we are from Madison Square. Everybody who saw Mr. Blaine that winter in Paris or elsewhere before he came here knows that he showed unmistakable signs of mental overwork. "It was not so many months since he had lost the Presidency by what shall we say ? 'A fluke.' He suffered, no doubt, disappointment of the most poignant character. He was morose and hypo chondriacal to a degree seldom seen. If you knew the awful depression of Mr. Blaine's mind you ? could understand everything and see it all." The physician, turning to the corres? pondent, then said: "0, now let me ask you a question. Will Mr. Blaine be a candidate again ?" "I am sure I don't know. Is there any reason why be should not be?" "Absolutely none whatever. The functional trouble from which he suf? fered is not again likely to interfere with his aspirations and I think he ought to try once more." Then the correspondent went to Milan, where Mr. Blaine had stopped before going to Florence. At the Hotel Cavour the proprietor said that the presence of Mr. Blaine and his family at the hotel was.kept very secret and but few people knew of it, although they remained there twenty four days. Mr. Blaine, he said, became ill on the night of his arri? val and Dr. Fornoni was called. This physician was next called upon by the World's correspondent. He said that when he reached the hotel. Mr. Blaine, whom be did not then know, was suffering from paralysis of the right side. He could not utter an intelligible word, though he made spasmodic effortB at intervals to do so. His right arm and leg were utterly helpless. His pulse was very weak and his heart quite irregular. He vaguely understood, or appeared to, when the doctor addressed him. The doctor finally succeeded in getting a look at his tongue, but it was drawn over to one side of his mouth. The physician was not certain that complete paralysis might not ensue, so he remained an hour and then gave directions to the family and some remedies to the patient and left. Mr. Blaine remained this way for a week and then recovered the use of hi3 tongue. He became very despondent and hypochondriacal and daily became more depressed. To the physician's re assuring talk he would answer: "No, I am finished," or "I am done for," or "My career is ended." One afternoon suddenly he said : "It's all over with me. I will cable to my friends that I am hopelessly sick. Oh, I am doue, doctor; I know it. There is no hope."' His melancholia increased and he spent hours writing his name upon slips of paper and complaining that he could not write as well as formerly although no one else conld see any appreciable difference. He was cured of this delu? sion by being shown his signature writ? ten lom'e years previously, E XXIV.?NO. 18. ALL SORTS OF PARAGRAPHS, ? There are about six hundred women in Chicago who own and ride bicycles. ? Electricity is computed by What stone 10 move 288,000 miles in a second. ? Army statistics show that the best shots are found among grey eyed men. ? A pateut figurer has found that in 12,000,000 years the sun will be as dense as the earth. ? A dog in West Gardiner, Me., earns enough money to pay his tax, doing a big churning each week. ? There is only one colored congress? man. He is from North Carolina, and his name is Cheatham. ? The fire loss throughout the United States during the month of September amounted to nearly ten millions of dol? lars. ? J. B. Green, of Mosherville, Mich., captured an eel in his mill flume which weighed 9-1 pounds and was forty inches long. ? The sum and substance of all the preparation needed for eternity is to be? lieve what the Bible tells us and do what the Bible bida U3. ? A farmer in Brooke coanry, W. Va., has an old fashioned pocketbook that bis father and grandfather used to carry. He estimates that mor<?_han $200,000 dollars has been in it since it has been in use. ? The human skin is composed of three layers, averaging in all between one twelfth and one eighth of an inch in thickness, and, in extreme cases, as much as one-fourth of an inch in thick? ness. ? T. H. Ball, of Aurora, Ills., has in? vented a Cotton picker which has lately been tested on a Mississippi plantation. It is pronounced a success and is said to have done the work of one hundred ne? groes. ? Annie Price, the fattest woman in the world, died in New York last week.. She weighed 550 pounds, and was exhib? ited as a freak in a dime museum. Her ? husband was a very thin man. His eye was his great attraction. He had only one, and it was pink. ?Mr. Goodcatch (calling on the eldest sister)?"Why, Johnny, how you are growing ? You'll be a man before sister, if you keep on." "You bet I will. Sister will never be a man if she keeps on being twenty like she has for the last 5 years." Then there was trouble in the house? hold. ? In China the inhabitants are count? ed every year in a curious manner. The oldest master of every ten houses has to count the families, and has to make a list, which is sent to the impe? rial tax house. Last year the whole number amounted to 897,388 inhabi? tants. ? All plants and trees consume water in large quantities. Sir John Laws dis? covered that an acre of barley will take up 1,094 tons of water in two days. Trees and plants are composed more largely of water than any other substanee. The branch of a tree will lose nine-tenths of its weight by dying. ? A calf was recently caught on the cow catcher of a locomotive on a Georgia railroad, near Gohutta, and carried cine miles. When discovered the young bo? vine was lying complacently on the pilot apparently enjoying the ride. It was uninjured, and when released trotted off as if nothing had happened.. ? The Savannah Morning News report two-thirds of the rice crop now on the market, the yield average, but quality very fine, and states that the June rice has been somewhat affected by the frost) within the past three weeks, the grain having the same appearance as if the rice birds had sucked the milk from it. ? Two brothers-in-law in New York were eagaged in a rough fight the other day, and the blind son of one took up a slate and hurled it in the direction of his \ uncle's voice. His ear was better than the eye'of some of our riflemen, as the slate hit the man in the forehead and fractured the skull, so that his condition is critical. ? The following is said to be a good application to prevent metals rusting: Melt one ounce of rosin in a gill of lin? seed oil and while hot mix with it two quarts of keresene oil. This can be kept ready to apply at any time with a brush or rag to any tools or implements required to lay by for a time, preventing any iust, and saving much vexation when the tool is to be used again. ? The cotion crop of Texas, according to a dispatch from Galveston, is now es? tablished at 1,750,000 bales. The wharves and warehouses there are full of cotton, and there are now nineteen steamships for foreign port. There are four steamers a week to New York with a capacity of 4,500 and 0,000 bales each. All the cot ton-screwmen and longshoremen of the ports arc at work and the season thus far has been the busiest for many years. ? A most destructive flood has recent? ly occurred in Japan. In a review of the calamities caused by the flood during the year 1SS9, the Japan Mail says: "Incom? plete returns show that 12 prefectures have been devastated; 2419 people killed 105 wounded, and over 99,000 people deprived of means of subsistence. More than 50,000 houses have been swept away or submerged, 150,000 acres of crops destroyed ; about 6,000 bridges washed away, and some hundreds of miles of ro?d broken up. ? A citizen of Eatonton, Ga., smokes about twelve pounds of tobacco yearly in a pipe that he declares is over 200 years old. This leads a mathematical person to calculate that if that were the average amount used in the pipe since its first day, 2,400 pounds of the weed have been burned in its bowl, and if the first $12 had been put out at compound interest at the rate of 10 per cent., it would now have grown to the sum of $1,755,443,200. Just how this would have benefitted the first owner of the pipe does not appear. TJie Ladies Delighted. The pleasant effect and the perfect safety with which ladies may use the liquid fruit laxative, Syrup of Figs, under all conditions make it their favorite remedy. It is pleasing to the eye and to ithe taste, gentle, xet effectual in acting on the kidneys, liver And boWels.