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.. f ^??H^'doLUMN, V J. G. CEINKSGAIiES,; Editob. ? isi? at chaliauqua, ? -T^hat bo Saw aad Learnt at Salt Springs? AUania Co7ist?viioru r i ". I have' been to the Peabody^Inatitate ? at Chautauqua and enjoyed7 the "visit. A ~<: man never^gete too old to learn, and I don't know what school he can go to for a month where he will learn so much*, as - at oh? bi these normal gatherings, where eminont teachers and lecturers* instruct and entertain the .-people.. Judge Hook has done well in ^ab?ahingr this insti tate>at:Sait Sp^^,.^l?*er&;%?ryl!hlnjg is _ ?: eo}VIpveIy. and attractive!?where the air" <^-x?^\:p_^^ and the water so healthy. ; -HSeorgia teachers are fast coming toj&e front as lecturers and instructors in art and science, and interspersed with their morning talks or evening essays, they have discourses from some of the most eminent philosophers of the country. It i3 a grand scheme for the diffusion of : knowledge, and every teacher-in fhe State ?ho?ld. eagerly embrace the privileges . offered theref- What an instructive feast : it was to"listen to Dr. Calho?n tell of^the ^'i^je and ali. its beautiful ?nd wonderful i''organism?or to listen to judge Kleckley ^Ulaa'he discoursed on evolution, or to Dr. :Yayne,:'a3 he charms us with new and broader views of life and knowledge. Verily the people of this day cannot ful ly appreciate the blessings that are within their teach?blessings that were , unknown and undreamed of in oht ..'youth. A thousand.times have I wished, that I was a teacher?a school teacher?hot that - was vain and thought that I could teach ||gfcetter than others, but I am conscious of loving, the; youth of our land, and I wish ^ed to . mould them for usefulness and happiness. Another reason came to me i from observation. The teachers are the taught. They are their own pupils. They are going to school all the time. The^scholars-are put behind them and. press them forward.. A faithful teacher v; is the-best student in his school, and every year takes the. first honor an^^^ves the highest" medal. For many year?;I - have noted these teachers?the educators; --; .'oi* the.land?and they-are the: best, tho noblest, and'the most useful of all the secular professions.. Yea can ponder, them out with almost unerring certainty. ? -You may consider the statesmen, and preachers, and lawyers, and editors, and almost every one who attained distinc? tion; and was loved and honored by his ? / people, has been a teacher. Their pro? fession" makes them precise, exact, ' thoughtful,; They become the best think are and the . best writers, and are always prepared to prove their positions on all . great questions.,'; Besides this, they be? come paternal^ philanthropic, unselfish, and have broad, considerate views of life and its duties. A teacher is a kind .. of patriarch,"and loves the family of which he has charge. He watches them long ?>^aft3r4bey-have. ceased to be his pupils, add if they succeed he is proud. If they fail he is mortified. How many honored sons of this great State can Bichard Mal? colm; Johnston point to and say with - conscious pride: "I taught that ma d in hi3 boyhood. I marshaled the way that he should go." What an honor to have been the teacher of Webster and Clay and Calhoun, and ten thousand others, who have dignified and adorned their ..callings. Bat all are not teachers who profess to be. The art of imparting knowledge is i J ?s.important as to have knowledge. It ? : ja 4n some measure a gift?just like oratory, or music, or invention. It re? quires force of character, will power, the gift of speech and a kind, considerate regard for children and youth. That re? gard that inspires patience and persever? ance?that, will endure more. and suffer more from a dull pupil or a stubborn one* than from a bright or willing one?that makes allowance for those whose parents have but little education or who take but little interest in assisting their children with their studies. This indifference is, perhaps, the greatest embarrassment the teacher has to contend with; This stingy mistake that many parents make who say, "I pay the teacher to teach my chil? dren and if he was any account he would r"^Sjo it.'* The poorest-scholars in school / are those who get the least help at home. \By help,! mean encouragement,, pride of scholarship and, if possible, assistance over the hard places. ) ' The world is progressing in everything, and of course is progressing in the arts and methods of imparting knowledge. The public school system has the en . doraement of the age and the nation, but I confess to some lingering prejudice against it. It has many advantages, but they dp not altogether satisfy. In some places it has been abandoned: It is like the election of our judges. Within forty years the mode has been changed eight times, and still the people are not happy. Three times they have been elected by the people, three.times by'tbe legislature and twice they have been 'appointed by the governor and confirmed by the sen? ate: This is not progress but is rotation. In many places the patrons are not satis? fied with the public boooIs, and it may be because they have been unfortunate in the selection of teachers. I found places in my travels where these schools were very popular, and places where there, was general dissatisfaction. In one town the principal was not on speaking terms with his first assistant. In another, the complaint was that two members of the board had no children and the other was a sectarian bigot. In another the sub? ordinates did not give satisfaction, and in all there is a feeling of helplessness among tho patrons. If you are disaatis ' fied or aggrieved, what are you going to do about it? Nothing. You can't do anything. The loard are the masters, and the loard is much inclined to favor their own appointments. These appoint? ments are sometimes made from sectarian prejudices, sometimes from family 'or . political . influences, sometimes from t school or college friendships. They are P- rarely made from/motives independent of all these and solely upon merit. SupV ? pose an applicant does go tbrpngh $? examination, what does that establish as to. his or her fitness to teach. . The . best lawyer 1 ever knew never'made a speech in the courtroom. " He; was a master of the science, and we used to abide his judgments on intricate questions with perfect faith, bat he could neyer over? come his nervous timidity. Nathaniel Macoo ranked all hia cotemporaries in the United States Senate. He w?s pre? eminently its 'counselor and guide, but1 he never made a speech in his congress? ional lifeof thirty-four years. j?:rWe are alia bundle of prejudices,I know, and we old people are inordinately attached to the customs that prevailed from our youth to over maturity, and hence I am modest about obtruding my opinions, but I must confess that I am not yet in love with the modern system of public schools. The teachers are too independent of their patrons. Direct responsibility between the employer and the em ployed-is better than to have mid? dle men or brokers. In the olden times the teacher was required to board around among his principal patrons?sometimes a week, or two weeks, or a month?and so they became acquainted with him? intimately acquainted. They knew his socia 1 and his worth as well as his schol? arship. Of course this plan would not be agreeable now, hut the intent was good, and in that day had good results. But. in any system, old or new, the success of the school depends almost en? tirely upon the qualifications of the teachers.; Beeman made reputation and kept it; so did Bichard Malcolm John? ston ; so did Fource and George and Longstreet. These educators paid special attention to the morals and good behav? ior of their pupils. In a later day Bing ham took the lead and Dr. Haygood and Dr. Battle and General D. H. Hill. Franklin college once had.it through such eminent teachers as Waddell and Dr. Church, but somehow she lost some of her good repute aud 'Oxford and Mer? cer came to the front. The will power of the principal is worth as much as hi? scholarship?that power that controls the pupils and gives tone to their ambi? tion, their pride, their morals. I have known boys to go through college and receive a diploma, who did not know a sine from a fanget nor a circle from an ellipse?nor why December is the twelfth month instead of the tenth, nor what causes an eclipse of the sun or a change of the moon, nor what was the Latin for dog or the French for hotter, nor who wo to Shakspeare, nor whether the deluge came before or after the flood. Such colleges might as well advertise and say, ?"diplomas made easy." ' The old field school of the olden time was a little kingdom of its own. The patrons, it is true, constituted ? king of parliament to employ a teacher but when once employed and installed in office they had no control over him and could, not turn him out at their pleasure. He. could remain as loDg as be had pupils and his control over them was supreme. He was king and master and the only way to get rid of him was to withdraw the scholars or let them combine to run him.off. - The parents rarely interfered with his control over their children. If he punished them it was all right and all the presumptives were in his favor, in? deed ? strict disciplinarian was. much more popular than an easy going meek tempered man, who permitted his pupils to do pretty much as they pleased. The rod was considered ah essential part of the school furniture. It was no great crime for a boy. to resist and fight back, but if the teacher failed to subdue him and whip the fight.be suddeuly lost his prestige and was laughed at as a failure. So besides' a competent knowledge of books a successful teacher had to be for-1 tified with will power and muscular power and the conduct of the boy outside tb$ school was, a part of the curriculum. Seventy years ago, my father was a teacher in Liberty county, and I have heard him tell with much humor of the struggles that he-had in'subduing the larger boys, whose parents were rich and proud. How on one occasion the biggest boy in Echool refused t? "make the usual bow as-he retired from the. school room at recees and" he gave bim. three days of grace in which to bow as the other pupils did, or to take a whipping or leave the school, and he swore that he would do neither, and how the*collision came and the door was locked and they fought for ten minutes all over the benches and desks, while the other scholars, both girls and boys, were outside peeping through the cra?ks of the log school house with intense interest to see the resnlt of the contest. It was a regular serugs battle, but the teacher whipped it, aud that set? tled his dominion for good. ''That yank can fight," they said, "and be ain't afraid to do it," and this ensured him the re? spect of both patrons and j u, il". The times have wonderJuily changed since we patriarchs were boys and went to the old fashioned schools to learn the rudiments. We began pur work on the old blue back 6pel?ng%o?k ihat had a wonderful pict?re^oh^th'ei'?y leaf?a pic? ture of Meicury, or Minerva, or some? body, pointing to the dome of a temple on a mountain. It, was a rough wood cut, but it was very fine to us, for.pictores were scarce in "those days. The printed lines on the title page almost-settled our de?tiny as we counted them to the tune of richman?poorman?peddler?tinker. By and by we advanced to baker, and then to crucifix, and then to incompre? hensibility?that^ word of learned length and thundering sound. In course of time we reached phthisic, the fifth mile stone, and then our orthography, was.. consider? ed complete. * We pondered' all the romances as we went along?those thrill? ing, fascinating romances?one about an old man who found a rude boy up in one of his apple trees stealing apples and desired him to come down. The romance of poor dog Tray, who got into bad company, and the milkmaid who tossed her head and spilled the milk, and tbe lawyer's bull that gored the farmer's ox. These composed nearly all tbe dime novels of that day, and I wish it did yet, for there was no harm in them, j and a good moral was left behind, We bad mixed schools in these days, and tbe boys were sorely put to it to keep up with the girls, and they were ashamed not to, for we all had oar sweethearts, and they were betting on us. There has been no improvement on that sweetheart business that I know of. We had no steel pens, and had to depend upon the o'd gray goose for quills, in memory I See the good old teacher standing by the window half his time; making or mend? ing pens with his little pearl-handled knife that they said came ?11 the way from" London. He kept one eye upon the little blade and the other upon the boys. A flock of geese was a treasure then, and when the good woman had plucked their breasts to fill her bed ticks, and the boys bad pulled their quills for pens, the poor geese were a pitiful sight to behold. "Where is yonr pen, my son?" said the teacher. "I havn't got any. I couldn't catch the old gander this morning." We had no desks nor globes nor charts nor blackboards; but the hickory was there to tingle knowl? edge and good behavior into ub through the cuticle of the back and the legs. But, after all, we had the same founda? tion to build upon that the boys have now, and we kept apace with the wants and necessities of the age. Th ree times three made nine, just as they do now. Language waa the same, and history, and philosophy, and astronomy, and trigono? metry, and geometry. Our boys could speak Hohenlinden and Bozaries and Patrick Henry and Cassabianica about" as well as they dp now. The modern appliances for education "are much im? proved, but, gre?t scholarship is not con? fined to any age or institution. It comes, if it comes at all, in spite of all embar? rassments. Where there is a will there is a way, and education is now within .the easy reach of all. .* But he wild with patient and inquiring mind - Would seek the stream of science to ascend, Must count the cost, and never hope to find Best to his labors or to his wanderings end. The foundation can be laid, but wheth? er it will be built upon or not depends upon the boy or the girl. Scholarship acquired from books is but a a mall part of education. As a man can master the art of music and be no musician, just so can be understand fragonometry and be no surveyor. Practice, experience and observation must all come in to the edu? cation of a successful man. A long time ago I knew an old farmer who conld hardly Write bis name, but he was self reliant, and his habit of observation had stored hie mind with useful knowledge. He knew the peculiar qualities and uses of the trees of the forest and would tell yon which were tough or strong or elastic ??which were good for the axle-tree of the wagon and which for the hubs of the epokes or the felloes, which would last longest in the ground or out of it. What vines wound the pole with the course of the sun and what the reverse, and what wound both ways and crossed each other. He knew that the lateral limbs of a tree never grew any higher from the ground and the surveyor's marks were just.where they were chopped half a century ago. He knew that a cane got its full growth in a year and the number of rows of corn on: the ear was always even. He knew that the bat built a nest, but laid no eggs, and the raincrow laid eggs, but built no nest, and a whippoorwill never sot across a limb, but lined it. If he found where a serpent had crossed the road he could tell "Whether the snake that made the track "Was going north or coming back." He had experimented with the sup* I posed influence of the worm on vegetation and found it had none., Illiterate as that man was I always felt that he was fit to be a teacher. What a comfort it is to have knowledge, to be full of knowledge. A great poet, said, "Where ignorance is bliss, tis folly to^be wise." But ignorance is never blies. It cannot be, for bliss is the highest grade of happiness. It is heaven? ly joy and utterly incompatible with ig? norance. Shakespeare says: "Ignorance is the curse of God and knowledge is the wing with which we fly to heaven." ?ulwer says: "The pen is mightier than the Bword."_ And Lord Brougham says! "Tfhe schoolmaster is abroad in the land and I will trust him against the soldier in full military array." Lord Bacon Bays: "Knowledge is pow? er," and the Scriptures abound in injunc? tions "to increase our knowledge," even though much study is a weariness to the flesh. Bill A bp. Set Fire to Her Own Hair. Miss Mary Elmore met with a serious mishap in Fort Worth, Texas the result of a very foolish freak. She was washing her head with a solution of water and coal oil, the proportion of oil being about two thirds. When she was through and about to dry her hair with a towel her liule oieter suggested that a match be 'applied to the oil-saturated hair. Ap? parently to humor the little one and not thinking of the consequences, Miss El? more Btruck a match and held it to the end of her long tresses, and in an instant her head was enveloped in a flame. Before assistance could be rendered her luxuriant tresses were gone and her face terribly scorched. The most serious in? juries are to her eyes, and it is feared both will be destroyed, or at least per? manently injured. Miss Elmore is about fifteen years old, and is a very comely girl.? Qalveston News. ? The Rev. Geo. H. Thayer, of Bour? bon, Ind., says: "Both myself and wife owe our lives to Shiloh's Consumption Cure." For sale by Hill BroB. ? A Miss Leg of Montana, haB just married a man named Hand. She thought she wonld rather be a right Hand than a left Leg. ? Are you made miserable by Indi? gestion, Constipation, Dizziness, Loss of Appetite, Yellow Skin ? Shiloh's Vital izer ia a positive cure. ? A Western North Carolina farmer Bays that be realizes $100 per acre on cabbages. This, if true, beats cotton by a large majority. ? Why will you cough when Shiloh's Cure will give immediate relief. Price 10 cts., 50 cts., and $1. 3 ? Shiloh's Catarrh Remedy?a posi tive cure for Catarrh, Diphtheria and Canker-Month. ANfjfc?SOH, -8. e., A NOTABLE Dorfj?ENT. THE WILL AND CODICIL OF THE LATE T. G. CLEMS ON. A Verbatim Copy of the Instrument by which trie Fort Hill Property was Be? queathed to the State of South Carolina for the Purpose of Establishing an Agri? cultural College'. frrom the Charleston News and Couriey' Columbia, July 15.?Ab great interest has recently been manifested in tfie pro? visions of the now famous Clemson will, and as the entire will has never been published, a copy of the document is given below. It is an in teresting paper for the study of /every taxpayer and voter in South Carolina at the present time. Every campaign speech, whether by the candidates for Governor and Lieutenant Governor or byfCapt. B. R. Tillman, the spokesman of 'jbe "Reform party," will contain somerping about the "Clem Here is the will: Jth Caeolina,) County Oconee. j Whereas I, Thomas 6. Clemson, of the county and SI ate aforesaid, did, on the 14th day of ^igust, 1883, execute my tament, wherein I sought the establishment of a tion upon the Fort Hill |in provided what sciences ht in said institution ; son bequest." $ State of Soi last will and t to provide foi]j scientific insti Place, and the should be ta> and whereas, le ra now satisfied that my intention and jfrpose therein may be misunderstood'* as intending that no other studies or sciences should be taught in said institution than those mentioned in said will, which was not my purpose or intention. Imw, desiring to make my purpose plain, aj -sell as to make some other changes b the disposition of my property than -Jade in said will, I do now make, pullish and declare this instrument as aid for my last will and testament, herebl revoking all previous wills and codicil tb me made, especially the will above referred to, dated August 14,1883. Feeliol a great sympathy for the farmers of tbjfe State, and the diffi? culties with whichlthey have had to con tend in their eln-ts to establish the business of agricuflire upon a prosperous basis, and believink that there can be no permanent improvement in agriculture without a kuowleftre of those sciences which pertain particularly thereto, I have determined & devote the bulk of my property to thlestablishment of an agricultural colleglupr.n the Fort Hill place. This institution I desire to be under the control ans management of a board of trustees, 1 part of whom are hereinafter appointed^ahd to be modelled after the agricultural college of Missis? sippi as far as practicable. My purpose is to establish an ajg[icultural college which will afford useful information to the farmers and mechanics: therefore it i * should afford thorough instruction in agriculture and the natural sciences con? nected therewith. It ?jm?ld combine, if practicable, physical with intellectual education, and should he a high seminary of learning in which thegraduate of the common schools can commence to pur? sue and finish a course cf studies termi? nating in thorough, theoietic and practi? cal instruction in those sciences and arts which bear directly upqn agriculture; but I desire to state plainly that I wish the trustees of said institution to have full authority and power-to regulate all matters pertaining to said'institution, to fix the course of studies, to make rules for the government of the same and to change them as in their judgment expe? rience may prove necessary; but to always bear in mind that, the benefits therein sought to be bestowed are in? tended to benefit agricultural and mechanical industries. I trust that I do not exaggerate the importance of such an institution for developing the material resources of the State, by affording to its youth the advantages of scientific culture, and that I do not overratcithe intelli? gence of the Legislature of *outh Caro? lina, ever distinguished for Kbarality, in asserting that such appropriations will be made as will be necessary to supple? ment the fund resulting from the bequest "herein iiir.de. j Item 1. I therefore give at! devise to my executor, hereinafter ntmed, the aforesaid Fort Hill place, whire I now reside, formerly the house of Ay father in-law, John C. Calhouu, conjisting of eight hundred and fourteen a4es, more or less, in trust that wheneveruhe State of South Carolina may accept wid prop? erty as a donation from me, forthe pur? pose of thereupon founding an /Iricultu* ral college, in accordance with Jhe views I have hereinbefore expressed, .If which the Chief Justice of South CarGjoa shall be the judge,) then my exectcor shall execute a deed of the said property to the said State, and turn over to the same all property hereinafter given as an endowment of said institution, toibe held as such by the said State, so longla it in good faith devotes said propertylo the purpose of the donation ;. provide! how? ever, that this acceptance by thlState shall be signified and a practical calrying out be commenced within threelvears from the date of the probate of this my will.. During this term of ghree years, or as much thereof as may lapse before the acceptance or refusal cA this donation, my executor shall invesl the net produce of the land and other jfrop erty, such invested fund a waiting the action of the Legislature, and to fain a part of the endowment of said institution, if accepted, or to form a part of thafen dowment of the college or school hejffin after provided for, should the don Ion not be accepted by the State. Q| Item 2. The following named g^|e men, seven in number, shall be sev mi the board of trustees, to wit: R. BT. Simpson, D. K. Norris,M. L. Donalc ft, R. E. Bowen, B. R. Tillman, J. E. M J namaker and J. E. Bradley, and vL State, if it accepts the donation, shaS never increase the board of trustees toE number greater than thirteen in all, n> shall the duties of said board be takes away or conferred upon any other men oj. body of men. The seven trustees appointed by me above shall always have ! the right, and the power is hereby given them and their successors, which right the Legislature shall never take away or abridge, to fill all vacancies which may occur in their number by doatp, resignation, refusal to act or otherwise. But the Legislature may provide as it JHTTBSDAYMOBNI seeB proper fqf the appointment or elec? tion of the other six trustees, if it accepts the donation. And I do hereby request the seven trustees abovs named or such of them as may be living, or may be will? ing to act, to meet as soon after my death as practicable, and organize and at once to fill all vacancies that may have occur? red and to exert themselves to effectuate my purposes as herein set forth. And I hereby instruct my executor to notify them of their appointment herein as soon after my death as practicable. The name of the institution shall be the "Clemson Agricultural College of South Carolina." Item 3. Should the three years expire without the State accepting the dooation in manner as hereinbefore provided for, and if accepted at the expiration of three years from my death, no practical begin? ning has been made to carry into effect the purposes of the donation, or if before the three years expire the Legislature shall refuse to accept said donation, then the donation to the State is hereby revoked, and my executor shall execute his trust by conveying the said Fort Hill place and the ^cumulated fund arising therefrom, togetn% with all other prop? erty, real or personal, hereinafter dis? posed of and intended to be given to the said agricultural college as an endow? ment, to the said seven trustees named above, or their successors, who shall erect upon the Fort Hill place such a school or college for the youths of South Caro? lina as in their judgment will be for their best interest, provided that said school or college Shall be - for the benefit of the \ agricultural and mechanical classes principally, and shall be free of costs to the pupils as far as the means derived from the endowment hereinafter provided, and the use of the law may permit. The trustees shall securely invest the funds hereinafter provided and given to said institution, and hold them .as a perpetual endowment, and shall only use the interest derived therefrom and the income of the land to support and maintain said school or college, except that the accumulated fund derived from the lands, and the interest derived from the fund hereinafter given said institu? tion from the time of my death, and as much as five thousand dollars of the principal fund may be used, if in the judgment of the trustees it may be nec? essary to erect suitable buildings for said school or college. The name of this institution shall be the "Clemson Scien? tific School" or "College." Item 4. It is my desire that the dwell? ing house on Fort Hill shall never be torn down or altered, but shall be kept in repair with all the articles of furniture and virtu which I hereinafter give for that purpose, and shall always be open for the inspection of visitors; but a part of the house may be used by such of the professors as the trustees may direct. Item 5. I give and bequeath to my grand-daughter, Florida Isabella Lee, all of my silver plate and table silver, also all of the family pictures, except the large picture of John C. Calhoun, now hanging in my Bitting room, also any one article in my present residence she may select as a memento of me, also my dec? orations, and also the Bum of fifteen thousand dollars, ($15,000,) to be paid to her on the day of marriage, or when she becomes 21 years of age, if unmarried. Provided, that if my said grand daughter should die unmarried, and before she is 21 years of age, then all of the said property, mentioned in this item shall revert to and become a part of the resi? due of my estate, and become subject to the trusts and conditions of items 1, 2 and 3 of this my will. ItemQ. I give and bequeath to my faithful housekeeper, Mrs. Jane Prince, one year's provisions for her and daugh? ter, and furniture and bedding suitable to her condition, sufficient to furnish two rooms, and the sum of three thousand dollars, (83,000,) to be paid to her at the expiration of one year after the probate of this my will, and I also desire my executor to permit her to live at Fort Hill until he disposes of the property as -herein directed. Item 7. I give and bequeath to Hester Prince the daughter of my faithful housekeeper as aforesaid, the sum of three thousand dollars, ($3,000,) to be paid to her or such person as may be selected by her and appointed her guar? dian, at the expiration of one year from the probate of this my will. Item 8. I give to my executor James H. Bion as a memento of my friendship, the antique antaglio, Marcus Aurelius Antonius sealing, which I habitually wear, and also such one of my pictures as he may select, if the same is not selected by myself. Item 9. I give and bequeath to my executor, to be held by him, subject to the trusts and conditions of items 1, 2 and 3 of this, my wiil, and for the pur? pose of adorning the Fort Hill residence, as provided in item 4 of this, my will, all of my permanent furniture, relics and articles of virtu, pictures and paintings, including the large painting or picture of John C. Calhoun, now hanging in my sitting room, and not otherwise disposed of herein, and all my books. iQItem 10. I direct my executor to sell at public or private sale, as he may deem best, all the balance of my personal property upon my Fort Hill place not herein disposed of, and to sell and con? vey all of my real estate lying and situr.? ted outside of the State of South Caroli? na, either at private or public sale, as he may deem best, and to hold the pro? ceeds derived therefrom, together with the proceeds of the personal property herein directed to be sold, subject to the trusts and conditions of items 1, 2 and 3 of this my will. Item 11. All the residue and remainder of my property of every kind and description whatever, after paying off the legacies above provided for, together with the property which may revert to my estate, should it revert thereto, and the proceeds of all my real and personal property herein directed to be sold and all accumulated funds derived from the Fort Hill /lace and interest on my , investments, I /ye and bequeath to my executor to be neu. by him subject to the trusts and conditions of items 1, 2 and 3 of this my will. Item 12. I nominate, constitute and appoint my friend, JameB H. l(ion, the' etecqtor of this my will, I ? NG, JULY 26, 1888. In witness thereof I-frote hereunto subscribed by name and affixed my seal before the witness below subscribed, this, the 6th day of November, A. D\, 1886. Thos. G. Clemson. [t. s.] The above written instrument was sub? scribed by the said Thos. G. Clemson in our presence and acknowledged by him to each one of us, and he at the same time published and declared the same to be his last will aud testament, and we, at his request, and in his presence, and in the presence of each other, have signed our names as witnesses hereto. James Hunter, T. ?. .Jenkins, E. L/U Terrie. State of South Carolina, } County of Oconee. ); . I, Thos. G. Clemson, of Fort Hill, in the State and county aforesaid, do make this my codicil to my last will and testa? ment, dated the 6th day of November, 1886, hereby confirming ray said last will and testament so far as the same is not inconsistent with this my codicil. Item 1. I will and direct my executor to pay my debts and funeral expenses as soon after my death as practicable, out of the proceeds or any part of my estate that is the moat available. Item 2. I hereby revoke the 11th item of my last will and testament as afore? said in which I appointed James H. Rion my executor of my will, be haviog recently departed this life, and I now do nominate and appoint my trusted friend, Richard W. Simpson, of Pendleton, South Carolina, my executor of my said last will and testament, and of this my codicil thereto, and in my said last will and testament the name of James H. Rion, wherever it appears, shall be stricken out, and Richard W. Simpson shall be inserted in place thereof. Item 3. I revoke the 8th item of my said last will and testament in which I give to James H. Rion my sealing ring and one of my pictures which he may select, and I do now give and bequeath to R. W. Simpson my sealing ring which I habitually wear, and such one of my pictures as he may select. Item 4. I do hereby revoke item 6 of my said last will and testament which contains a bequest to my faithful house? keeper, Mrs. Jane Prince, she haviog been otherwise provided for. Item 5. It is my will and I do direct that neither the legacy to my grand? daughter in the 5th item of my said last will and testament, or the legacy to Hes? ter Prince in the 7th item of my said will, shall bear any interest until the same are due and payable, as provided in the said items of my said will. Item 6. I authorize my executor to purchase that portion of the original Fort Hill tract of land which set off to Gideon Lee, guardian of Florida Isabella Lee, and the same if so purchased shall become a part of Fort Hill tract of land, and shall go with and be disposed of as I have in my said will disposed of the Fort Hill tract. Item 7. I will and direct my executor to sell either at private or public sale, and for cash or upon a credie, both as he may think best, all the real estate of which I may die seized and possessed, except the Fort Hill tract of land, whether the same be situate in the State of South Carolina or outside of it. Item 8. Should the Chief Justice of South Carolina decline to decide when the State of South Carolina has, or has not accepted the donation given to it in the first item of my said will, then I give to my executor the same power as I, in the said first item of my will, gave to the said Chief Justice, and his decision shall be final. Item 9. I hereby authorize and direct my executor to employ such persons as be may deem neceesary to take charge of the Fort Hill dwelling house and the articles therein donated, and to manage the farm and to pay'the said persons such sums of money for their services as he may deem right and proper. Item 10. In view of the great responsi? bility and labor which my executor will encounter in managing the affairs of my estate, as directed in my said will, and in consideration of the great kindness he has shown to me, and of the assistance in taking care of my business when I had no other person or friend to help me, I will and bequeath that he, my said exec? utor, shall have, take and receive in addition to the usual commission allowed by law to executors as for commissions for receiving and paying out money, 5 per cent, of the appraised value of my entire estate, both real and personal. Item 11. I desire to state here that my grand-daughter, Florida Isabella Lee, has received the one fourth part in value of the original Fort Hill tract of land, the part which her mother, under the will of Mrs. John C. Calhoun, was enti? tled to, the same having been appraised and set off to her by commissions appointed by Mrs. Clemson, and by Gid? eon Lee, her father and guardian, and she has also received, through Gideon Lee, the said guardian, her mother's share of the estate of my son, John C. Clemson. Notwithstanding this fact, from a letter received by me some time ago from Gideon Lee, I am led to believe that as guardian of my said grand? daughter he will make claim of my estate, a large balance alleged by him to be due my said grand daughter by me. I, therefore, desire and direct my execu? tor to examine closely into such claim, if so made, and if be, my said executor, is ! satisfied that the claim so made is justly due by me to my said grand-daughter, to pay the same ; but on the other hand, if he is not satisfied that the said claim or claims are justly due by me, then he shall not pay it or them, unless compelled by law to do so, in which case I hereby revoke so much of the bequest of fifteen thousand dollars given in the 5th item of my said last will and testament to my grand-daughter as will bo equal to the amount which my Baid grand-daughter may recover against my estate. Item 12. The desire to establish such a school or college as I have provided in my said last will and testament has existed with me for many years past, and many years ago I determined to devote the bulk of my property to the establish? ment of an agricultural school or college; to accomplish this purpose is the one great desire of my life. I have not been unmindful of the interest of said grand? daughter, nor have I acted in this matter through prejudice to any one. It may be possible that the disposition of my property as herein made may not give satisfaction to my said grand daughter, or to Gideon Lee, her father and guardian, but 1 trust that neither one or the other or any other person lawfully authorized by law to represent my said grand-daughter will ever attempt to frustrate or defeat the purposes which I have herein sought to accomplish, but will respect the'settled desire of my life as contained in this my will; but should my desire and request as herein expressed be ignored, and should Gideon Lee, as ! guardian of my said grand daughter, or should my said grand daughter herself or any person lawfully authorised by law to j represent her, or any person as her lega? tee or distributee of my said grand? daughter in their right as such, attempt to contest my will, or attempt to invali . date it, or attempt to change or alter it in any particular whatever, it is my will and I direct that stieb attempt or attempts to contest, filter" Change or invalidate my said last will and testa? ment, or codicil hereof, shall, as soon as commenced, work an absolute revocation of my entire and of all my bequests to my said grand daughter Florida Isabella Lee as made in the fifth item of my said last will and testament, and then and in that case my said grand daughter, Florida Isabella Lee, shall receive no part of my estate whatever, and the money and articles mentioned in the fifth item of my said will, shall go to my executor and be held by him subject to the trusts and conditions contained in items 1, 2 and 3 of my said last will and testament, provided that my executor may sell in mannef as to him may seem proper any of the articles mentioned in the said fifth item of my said last will and testament, except the family pic? tures. These shall be held by my executor subject to the trusts and condi? tions of items 1, 2 and 3 of my said last will, and kept with the other articles mentioned in the eighth Hem of my said last will and testament to adorn the Fort Hill house. Item 13. It is my will and I direct that my executor shall not be held liable for or responsible for any losses to my estate by reason of any errors of judgment or mis? take, as I am fully aware of the varied and responsible duties I herein have required of him. This codicil is written in part on the fourth page of my said last will and testament to which this sheet is attached and which is dated November the 6th, 1886. Item 14. I authorize and empower my executor to spend such sums of money as he may deem necessary to keep the Fort Hill dwelling house and premises in good repair and the Fort Hill farm in good condition. In witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name and affixed my seal before the witness below subscribing this the twenty-sixth day of March, in.the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty seven, (1887.) Thos. G. Clemson. [l. 8.] The above written instrument was Bub scribed by the said Thomas G. Clemson in our presence, and acknowledged by him to each of us, and he at the same time published and declared the same to I be hiB codicil to bis last will and testa , ment, and we, at his request and in his ! presence, and in the presence of each I other, have signed our names as witnesses ; thereto. K. M. Jenkins, I 0. W. Young, J. H. Mounce. The question which has been most frequently asked is, "Who will control' the college?if the State gives it thou? sands or hundreds of thousands, will the State be able to control the institution with a minority of the trustees?" * W. E. G. Why Corn Bread is Scarce. Corn bread, once a staple and common article of food, is coming to be regarded as a luxury. Not only Is this true of the north but also of the south, where Indian corn was at one time preferred to wheat for making bread. A Georgian said in explanation of the change; "The com? plaint that a really prime article of corn or Indian meal cannot be obtained in towns and cities is general. A country miller told me that he could not produce good corn meal by use of modern grind* ing machinery. The soft and best flav? ored meal is made from new corn. This the proprietors of large mills refuse to grind. To get good corn meal the grind? ing must be done slowly, and it must be given time to cool properly before It is moved. This can only be done in country mills, and the supply is far be? hind the demand. "Besides this, corn meal cannot be kept long without deteriorating. It is not in the matter of bread making alone, however, that cornmeal has fall? en into disuse; it is less used for cook* ing purposes generally. The great in? crease in wheat growing, and the im? provements in the flour making line, to? gether with the high price of corn and low price of wheat, is in part responsible for this state of things. Few persons now use corn for economical reasons. Many, however, would prefer it for a considerable portion of the time, if a good article could be procured. The southern corn is preferred of all other, although the flint corn raised in New England is an excellent article; but it requires a large amount of cooking. Corn that grows in the prairie regions of the west is the most undesirable, and as this represents most of he cereal that is for sale it is not used to any great extent." ? Not a particle of calomel, nor any other deleterious substance, enters into the composition of Ayer's Fills. On the contrary, this medicine is carefully com? pounded from the curative properties of purely vegetable substances. Try it. ? When there will be 25 letters in the alphabet?When U and I are one. ? If you wish to restore the bloom to your wasted cheek, and so improve your health that plumpness and strength will succeed emaciation and debility, purify your blood with Ayer's Sarsaparilla. This remedy will benefit you more surely and speedily than any other. WHEHE Affl THE GIELS ? Follies or the Day illustrated by Con? duct lAPobllc In a Pullman sleepmr the other night I watched au affecting! arting- between a young woman and h^wsweetheart. She was a bouncing maide<jDf the Daisy Mil? ler type?he an inaAiificant looking young dude with caterpllar colored fuzz on his upper lip and a h.Vtwo or three sizes too small for his smv$i head. The agony of parting almost o^Vcame them. Their sweet sorrow was loD^ldrawn out. Their lips clung together injnany long kisses, while he whispered aiA nothings in her ear and embraced her Repeatedly and she wept and sobbed inwVJfer freshly ironed handkerchief. The.eyesrof every one in the car were upon them, rod cyn? ical and scoffing remarks were plenty. At last they tore themeelves apart. The eastern bound express rolled out of the- depot, the passengers settled them? selves for the journey and the youog Pullman conductor made his first ap? pearance with great brilliancy and eclat. 'How it happened I cannot tell, for m^ thoughts were busy elsewhere, but after a little I raised my eyes and lo 1 "Cholly" was forgotten; Daisy's tears were dried and she was conducting, according to the best knowledge and most authentic rules of the game, a successful flirtation with the young conductor. She giggled, she made eyea^ibe frowned prettily, she was so charmingly helpless about the window, she must have water and oranges, and the dickens knows whet, and the railway fledgeling was at her beck and call. Next morning tbe flirtation made percep? tible progress. Daisy went to breakfast with gilt buttons and blue clothes, and what there was inside of them. She donned her ulster and the big flaring Gainsborough and went out and rode upon the platform ''to look at the scen? ery," which consisted mainly of flat meadows, freshly plowed, and was ac? cordingly of surpassing beauty... She talked at tbe top of her lungs, and in? formed the other passengers that now she guessed she'd better wash her hands, and anon she guessed she'd have a pillow. This being brought, she made great use of it for tbe further subjugation of the unhappy conductor, for taking it, she posed upon it such effective attitudes as to win glances of approval and speeches of adratratioo from the infatuated, hope? lessly besotted youth. In fact, for sever? al hundred miles Daisy formed the staple amusements for a car full of pas? sengers. Being delayed for several hours in an out-of tbe-way town on the following day, I watched the gradual unfolding of another sudden attachment. Daisy the second was also traveling alone. She was a pretty girl, but bad a look of brazen, full bloom coquetry in her eyes. A man who certainly looked old enough to know better, a man with wrinkled face and blase eyes, made her acquaintance. He was devotion itself. He sat by her and stared into her pretty, peachy face with a vicious gaze, and complimented her in the most bold and florid fashion, and when I left them in the soft, mellow twilight she was cuddled up under bis protection like a fascinated bird under the coil of a serpent. A gentleman, who has a daughter 18 years old, said: "Well, if I thought my daughter would act like that, I should want to shoot myself." Both these girls were well dressed and looked! as if they might be the children of well to do pa? rents. What are the girls doing ? The streets in all our great cities are filled with girls from 12 to 18 who are ready and willing to flirt and make tbe acquaintance of any tolerably good look? ing and well dressed stranger. So any? where, in street cars, on trains and steamers, in parks and on avenues, in New York or Chicago, you can witness any number of such scenes as I have de? scribed. At the hours when shops close and business men are walking to their homes this parade is most noticeable. I have a friend, a young man who walks every night from his office to his rooms, a distance of many blocks. He tells me that every night pretty, well dressed girls, not disreputable women, but daughters of eminently respectable people, throng this great thoroughfare to make a "mash," that they often accost him? even young girls with short skirts and hair hanging in braids, and by look and word invite his society. Nor is this an exceptional case. I often hear of and I am witness to these remarkable exhibi? tions. This is what tbe girls are doing. Now what are the mothers doing ? Well, many of them are absorbed in their houses, looking after this, arguing about the width of a pillow case hem, or wheth? er hot or cold starch will produce the most resplendent results. Some of them are wrapped up in church work, attend? ing church lectures or making flannel shirts for the heathen, or looking after the church sociable, or carpeting the minister's study, or teaching Sunday school, or oh mockery, leading a "moth? ers'" meeting. The mothers are lost in theories, while the daughters are learning frivolity or something worse, i To the girls who do this sort of thing, pick up a chance acquaintance here and there, listen to the cheap compliments of I fellow travelers, railway conductors and all the other spiders that are on the watch for foolish flies, I will simply say : "You are running a tremendous hazard. You are but the idle amusement of an idle hour for these men. Don't flatter yourselves that you will find a respecta? ble sweetheart or a loving husband among these men, who will approach you in this bold way. Men do not care to be sought they prefer to seek. Your name will be bandied about from traveling man to traveling man, from one railway conduc? tor to another. In their vocabulary you will simply be 'my last mash,' an offen? sive description of yourself, garnished with winks and innuendoes, will pass from mouth to mouth, and while at heart you may be perfectly innocent, none of these men will believe you to be." To the mothers I would say pretty sharply, "Why in the name of common sense don't you let your temperance lec? tures and your table cloths, your^jelly and your heathen's flannel shirt, your covenant meetings and the flies go, and look after your daughter a little better? Why do you allow them, to travel alone? E XXIV.- -NO. 3. to make a State street promenade a daily habit? And these Sunday afternoon strolls in the parks. Do yon realize what they mean V?Edith Sessions Tupp er in ' . Clncago Herald. All Sorts of Paragraphs. ? Tlw man who has seen better days ? is now having very bad nights. ? The State of Sonera, Mexico, levies a tax of $2 on every child born within its : limits. ? During the summer those who eat meat but once a day, are happiest and most comfortable. .: '?;]. ? San Francisco'declares-that Bhe has beeu shaken 417 f'mcs by earthquakes in the last eighty years. ? A girl in Kansas ate arsenic to remove pimples; she succeeded. The funeral was largely attended, i ?Pronto, Canada, with 150,000 in? habitants, has no Sunday paper, no open saloon, nor street cars on the Sabbath. ?- A ton of ropeB, made from the hair of the women of Japan, is used in build ing the 15,000,000 Buddist Temple at Kioto. ? John Kilpatrick, of Clifton, Mc., killed three bears the past spring, making - a total of fifty-four he has slain in twenty- . five years. ? There are in England .347 female blacksmiths ,who actually swing heavy, hammers, and 8,938 women employed in nail making. ? The orange crop for this year bids fair to be the largest ever raised in Flori? da, judging from the quantity of fruit now on the trees, ? ? A negro woman living near Frank? lin, who bad six fingers on each hand, recently gave .birth to a child who posses? sed twelve fingers also. ? A French electrician wiU soon be able to produce a thnnder storm whenever demanded and in the district desired, and the cost won't exceed $5. ? Ifa mm does not make new ac-: quaintances as be advances through lifo he will soon find himself left alone. A man should keep bis friendship in con stant repair. ? Twenty nine years ago the Presbyte? rian mission in Brazil was begun. There is now a Presbytery of fifty churches and . thirty-two ministers. Twelve of the lat? ter are natives. ? It is a curious fact that a nun named Messenger has just been appointed gunner in the navy, while a man named? Qunner was recently made a messenger in the navy department at Washington, ? People of all professions will be provided for in their old age, if the pres? ent tendency of benevolence is developed. A project of founding a home for aged dancing masters is the latest charitable' scheme. ? The gavel used by the presiding; officers of the United States Senate has been in use over 56 years. It is made out of an elephant's tooth and has no handle nor did it ever have one.?Chicago Herald. ? "I often wonder," said Chesly, "what my ancestor Adam said when he first met Eve ?" "Was he an ancestor of yours ?" "Certainly." "Then he probably asked her to lend him twq_ dollars!" ? A- darky at the bottom~ofan*Atlaattf| well was struck by a bucket of brick weighing some seventy-five pounds, that had fallen about twenty-five feet, yet complained of nothing more than "a misery" in his bead. ? There was exhibited in the windqsei of a store in Charlotte, N. C, the other day the skull of a noted Seminole Indian chief of the early days, A collector of i, the firm had become possessed of it while/'; traveling in Florida. ? An animal having a head and fore? feet like a squirrel and hind feet like a coon has been killed near Augusta, Ky., Several hunters of that section, when shown the carcass, declared that they had not seen one lik'u it before. /""^s^ ? John Toole, of New Haven^y ^or thirteen years has been mourned one of the unidentified victims of the Aahta bula railroad horror, walked in upon his friends the other day alive, hearty and prosperous?out in California. ? A poor Pittsburg mechanic has invented a safety coupler for lreight cars that gives promise of making his fortune. Capitalists have taken hold of the inven? tion and are getting ready to erect foun? dries and shops for manufacturing it. (' ? A catsup bottle on Mrs. Willis' din-; ner table, in Mnskegon, Mich., exploded" with great force the other day, scattering pieces of glass violently around the room. One bit of glass struck a lady at the trf*" ble on the cheek, cutting a deep gash. ^ ? Berry Miller, of Dade City, Fla., had a hard tussle with an immense alligator a few days ago and killed it. It weighed 600 pounds and was fourteen feet in length. When he cut it open he was surprised to find within it anotheralliga^ tor six feet long. -* ? C. C. Woolworth, of Albany, head j of the concern that makes postal cards for the government, says tb?t at iho-fac-~ tory in Castleton, Pa., they manufactom, between two and three tons a day thC year round. The largest order they ever filled for one city was 4,000,000 cards^?J^ about twelve tons of paper, for this city. We use here about 6,000,000 cardsi a i month. Chicago comes next, with about:; 3,000,000 cards in the same period;^ There are 450,000,000 postal cards manu? factured annually. Two cents postage did not lessen the use of postal cards, but checked the growth of their ubo for soimv little time. The check has been over? come and the public are using more acd more postal cards every day.?New YorU'j, Sun. .'.:-sM The Best Method. The most agreeable as well as the most effective method of dispelling Headaches, Colds, and Fevers, or cleansing the sys? tem is by taking a few doses of the pleasant California liquid fruit remedy,.' Syrup of Figs. It acts gently, yet effec- J tively, strengthening the organs jrpon! which it acts, so that regular babita may] be formed. Ma?ufectured only'-fe^';'iK? California Fig Syrup Company, Sa Francisco, Cal. For sale by. Simpsoi Eeid & Co. &4,i