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BY CUNKSGALE J. G. CLIN&3CALES, Editob. The *Bcv. J. 0. ?. Newton will ad? dress the Bishop's. Branch school on History at half past 1 o'clock p. m., 'rFriday April 13. The patrons and friends of the school are invited to be - present. We hope they will attend, and ' we are confident Mr. Newton will give them something worth hearing. We sbMlvce&a&ly bear it if possible. FOE THE B2ST0BY CIASS. A pleasant as well as important aid to the history lesson may.be found in the ^various poems into which an historical "Vfect has been woven. I" may mention two of these poems?Campbell's "Ho henlinden,^ and Tennyson's "Charge of ^pKjSuibtbrigade." What better ideas ' of the "terrible blunder," the hopeless? ness "of tbe charge, the heavy loss at v Balaklaya have we, than are conveyed - by this poem I. :;- Byron's "Waterloo," Scott's "Marmi on" and "Lady of tbe Lake," Shakes? peare's historical plays, all owe their interest largely to the - use of, poetry in deJSn^tingJbastoric events. Why n?tigen,' as far as possi ble, use historical-poems in the class room?' In the history of our own county, jbort poems, such as "Warren's Address," or "The Song of Marion's Men," may serve vto illustrate lessons; longer selections like "Paul Bsvere's Bide," "The Land? ing of the PilgrimB," "Sheridan's Bide,? ."Barbara Frietchie," "All quiet along the- Potomac to-night," etc, furnish' excellent recitations from tbe platform for fFtiday. afternoon; exercises. The - poems just mentioned, by their easy transposition into prose, afford good sub? jects fbx^composition day. Another use ? fal history exercise, in combination with the opposition work, is to require mem l>ers of the class to read "Evangeline;" . "CfeurtehirJ of Mites Stendish," or "Ger ^: trndVof WyomlngVrand to reproduce in their own words, the substance of the poem read. When considering a topic in history, *it is well to allude to any noted poem, or work in prose, founded on the. incident - For instance, Hote "Evangeline," based on-'the expulsion' of the French from Ac&die. 'fThe Last of the Mohicans," introducing scenes of the French and Indian War;" "The Star Spangled Banner," written by F. S. Key during bombardment of Fort McHenfy; "Icha bod," suggested to Whittier when Web? ster "endorsed the "Fugitive Slave Law, and^^e'Biglqw" Papers," ridiculing the Mexican war. The list, of course, may be greatly extended, and its use, will, I think, afford a pleasant variation to the often-times monotonous recitations iir liistory.?JSinify G. Bridgham, in FracH- j * , cal Teacher. THOBOTJGHHESB. Pupils should understand what they study. Nothing is gained by advancing pupils.too rapidly. In many schools boys who can scarcely read in tbe second reader are trying to read in tbe fourth reader. It is so in many other classed. It pays to understand what is gone over. By mastering each lesson strength is acquired for the succeeding one. Bat. some persons mistake thorough? ness. When a reading class is kept for two weeks upon ? short lesson the in? struction is more mechanical than thor? ough; Itt&b?d policy to keep a class on every lesson until all the interest and entouaiaaro is drilled out of tbe pupils. A w mastery of the principal points is sufficient/ Every day we find some new ideas in lessons that we have been teach? ing for yeara. It would be foolishness to drill a class until all comprehended every point. - In the higher schools much stress is put upon thoroughness. In too many . cases thoroughness means simply com? mitting the words of the text-book. Frequently students know but little /about a subject after having mastered all the details in this manner. Ideas are more important than words. The power of a student doeB not. depend so much upon what he knows as upon what he can know. _The ability to acquire knowl? edge is more important than knowledge itself.. ? The lawyer does not endeavor to re? member the particulars of all cases re . corded in his .library. When' occasion requires be looks up the. necessary references. A student can do the same thing. Students often commit to memory what will never be of any practical use to them. But that is called thorough? ness. There are many things in history that can not be remembered, but it is important to know where to look for the ? required information when needed. To master the Bubject does not mean simply - to study the text-book. Much time is wasted in tbe study of Latin. Too often young people will spend from one to two years in preparing to read Ctesar, when the same work can ? be done?and well done?in much less time. It is not necessary to commit all the rules and exceptions in tbu Latin Grammar.' English Grammar is not so taught. Why should such a distinction be made? But those who want to be thorough make the study of Latin dry, mechanical work. Bational methods of teaching will accomplish more in one year than can be done by tbe old time methods in two years. As much work will be done and it will be done as well. The students will have more power and more self-reliance. Thoroughness, when it kills enthusiasm and makes all school work mechanical, ia a great evil. We want life in the school? room. We want the pupils to be strong and self-reliant. To do so it is necessary that they should master the subject, but they need not commit the text-book to memoiy^?iVoma/ Index. ?'~'^-r. Catarrh, when chronic, becomes .very offensive. It 'is impossible to be otherwise healthy, and, at tbe same time, ^d^^Jnth catarrh. This disagreeable obstinate and danger 10 uaeVof S & LANGSTON. THE HEATHEN AFTER DEATH. A Consensus of Opinion on a very Dark Problem. Charleston Sunday News. Several weeks ago The Sunday News was asked some very dark questions concerning "The state of the Heathen Nations after death." Our correspon? dent says that the matter was broached at a social gathering and that no one present "seemed to have any decided opinion as to what becomes of them." Continuing, he says: ' "I expressed the opinion that there must be some place, other than Heaven or Hell, into which they are received either for a preparation for Heaven or as a permanent place of abode. If they never had the Gospel preached to them, surely they cannot be held responsible for wrong-doing of which they must neces? sarily be in ignorance. If sin consists in the intention to do wrong, surely they who have no ideas of true religion (and who consequently cannot intend to com? mit a wrong which they do not so un? derstand) must be judged by God Almigh? ty differently from ourselves, who the benefits of enlightened preachings to show us how to fit ourselves for our Father's bouse. Will you kindly give the gener? ally accepted theory as to their final destiny?" We would if we could, but the fate of the heathen after death is a sealed book. There is no generally accepted theory npon the subject. The most eminent theologians have striven for centuries to throw light upon the matter, but it is still as mysterious and dark as ever. Their fate can be Bafely left in the keeping of the Eternal, by whom heathen and Chris? tian alike live, move and have their , being, and without whose notice not a sparrow falletb. It.will be interesting, however, to know what are the views of some, of the clergymen of different reli? gious denominations. Although their opinions are of a somewhat speculative nature, they are expressed with sufficient clearness to attract attention to a subject which cannot be, in the nature of God's providence, solved until the final judg? ment, when the graves shall give up their dead and every man shall be judged according to the deeds done in the.body, whether they be good or whether they be evil. - In compliance with a request that they would give their views upon the question of the state of the Heathen after death, a number of the Charleston clergy have written brief statements of their opinions, which are given below. Through the Merits of Christ. Your favor of yesterday asking for my opinion as to the condition of the Heath? en after death was received last night I do not understand you as opening your columns to a discussion of this sub? ject by -the clergy of the city, for if so I should have to beg to be excused. Neither do I suppose that you expect me to speak for the Methodist Church, for, of course this I could not do. I take it that your desire is for a simple statement of indi? vidual belief without discussion, and that I cheerfully send you. 1. I do not hold to the Doctrine of Purgatory, or an Intermediate State for the Dead. 2, With reference to the Salvation of the Heathen I believe that the Bible contains no direct, explicit teaching on the subject 8. That all human- beings who are saved- are saved through the merits of Christ ? 4. That the indispensable condition upon which those merits become effective to all adults wbo have heard of Christ is faith in Him. 5. That, as in the case of persons dying in infancy, those merits become effective through some other medium than faith, said faith being to tbem an impossibility; so in the case of the Heathen I believe those merits may become effective through some other medium than faith, said faith being to them equally impossi? ble. 6. That the man who, having never heard of Christ, lives the very best of bis ability according to the light given him, will not be lost. B. D. Smart, Pastor Bethel M. E.. Church, South. Unprofitable Speculation. I can hardly conceive a more unprofit? able speculation than that suggested by the question propounded by your corres? pondent. Where Holy Scripture is so absolutely silent it should be warning enough to us not to be wise above what is written. Oar concern is with the heathen in this life; to avoid their sins and follies and to teach them as far as we may the knowledge of God. All beyond this is God's concern/ not onrs, and we may ret,t assured that He who willeth not tbat any should perish, but that a' Sould have eternal life?who Bent his ( j Son into the world to die that sinful man might be saved?will deal justly and mercifully with all those who by the ordering of His Providence have been shut out from the knowledge of His truth. St. Paul distinctly and positively asserts (Bom ii: 14,15) that the Heathen who have not God's law are judged by the law of conscience and the elementary principles of right and wrong. As to where such people go when they die we should need a new revelation to determine, seeing that Holy Scripture gives us no hint as to where or what either Heaven or Hell may be beyond the assurance tbat the former involves an eternity of happiness with God, and the latter an eternity of Borrow and evil in separation from Him. Doubtless in that unknown Country beyond the grave, which the Hebrews knew as Sbeol, the Greeks as Hades, and the modern Chris? tian as the Intermediate State, there is ample provision for all waiting souls, the "prisoners of hope," as well as those of despair. Jew or Gentile, Cbristain or Heathen, their Judge and Father keeps them under His own just and merciful, oversight until the Great Assize, before which none may enter a condition which shall be final. For mysell I am content to abide by the spirit of that beautiful prayer which I am taught to say by every deathbed, without pausing to inquire into the faith worthiness of its occupant The dying man I recognize as God's servant and my "dear brother," and his soul, whether Heathen or Christain, I commend "into the hands of a faithful Creator and most merciful Saviour, humbly beseeching Him that it may be precious in His sight." Robert Wilson, Rector St. Luke's Episcopal Church. No Probation after Death. The question of a probation after death must be answered by the Word of God, and that is the Word of God to us, Pres? byterians, which is "either expressly set down, or deduced by good and necessary inference." We do not attempt to be "wise above what is written." What, then, do the Scriptures teach ? 1. That the Heathen will be judged according to the light they have, by the revelation of God in His works and their own conscience, aided by the tradition of the Old Testament Revelation. "The invisible things of God are clearly seen by the things that are made." Rom, i :20. "These not having a law are a law unto themselves?the consciences also bearing them witness" Rom. ii: 15. "Knowing the judgment of God that they which commit such things are worthy of death." Rom, i: 32. 2. That this revelation is sufficient to render their ungodiness and unrighteous ness" inexcusable. "So, then, they are without excuse." Romans, i: 20 3. The doctrine of a probation after death seems to us inconsistent with the following Scriptnres: "It is appointed unto men once to die, and after this, (not probation, but) the judgment." Hebrews, ix: 27. It is added that man shall be "judged according to the deeds done in his body," not for deeds after death, in a disembodied state. Again: The Lord knoweth how to keep the. unrighteous under punishment unto the day of judg? ment," not ander probation. I Peter, ii: 9. It has been truly said that the theory of probation after death is sup? ported like a pyramid whose apex rests upon one or two doubtful texts of Scrip? ture. I Peter, iii: 10. 4. The relation of the work of Christ and of the Holy Spirit to the Heathen world. The Scriptures teach that Christ "was set forth to be a propitiation for the sins of the whole world;" that "He tast? ed death for every man,' and that the Holy Spirit shall be poured out upon all flesh." We cannot doubt that the tem? poral blessings forfeited by transgression were restored to all mankind through the redemption of Christ, Hence "the sun rises upon the evil and the good," the "rain descends upon the just and the unjust," and He "filleth their hearts with good and gladness." It is equally evident that the dispensation of the Spirit is roextensive with .the redemption of Christ, that His gracious influence ex? tend to all mankind, and that whatever of virtue or morally exists on earth is due to His all? per vading presence and agency of yielding to these gracious influences and If the Heathen shall be found "fear? ing God and working righteousness" doubtless they will be accepted. But, the Scriptures encourage us to expect this result from the general provi? dence of God without the objective reve? lation of God's mercy through the Redeemer? The great commission of Christ is "Go ye into all the world, preach the gospel to every creature, and make disciples of all nations. He that believ eth and is baptized shall be saved." But, says the Apostle, "faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the Word of God. How Bhall they believe in Him of whom they have not heard, and how Bhall they hear without a preacher, and how shall they preach except they be Bent." These Scriptnres do not favor a future probation. 5. It is, I believe, admitted by all, that children of all nations who have not reached the age of moral responsibility are saved through the redemption of Christ, and these include nearly one half of the human race. Our Confession, iuded, speaks of "elect infants," but this expression is used to affirm that they, too, are saved by grace, justified-by Christ, regenerated by the Spirit, and so included in the great company of the elect. Thus, we leave the Heathen, who have never heard the Gospel, just where the Word of God leaves them, believing that "the Judge of all the earth will do right:" that he can do nothing inconsistent with the great love manifested in the gift of His Son, and that He can condemn no one who does not condemn himself. If the conscience ot the Heathen who have never heard of Christ does not approve the sentence of eternal condemnation, then we are sure, they will not be con? demned by the Righteous Judge. If self condemned, where is. the ground of complaint? God can do nothing that any soul in Heaven or Hell shall not ac? knowledge to be right. We have put the Scriptures in our logical vise, and turned the crank for twenty five years, but we could never squeeze out, by "a good and necessary inference," a future probation for any one. With the light before us, we should feel that we were doing the Heathen a great wrong to inculcate a doubtful doc? trine that would paralyze the nerve of foreign missous, and deprive them of the GoBpel that may be essential to their salvation. If God has any purposes of grace with reference to the Heathen after death He has not been pleased to reveal them. We should add, in closing, that the opinion that there is a second probation is not defended as a settled doctrine of theology, as another has remarked, "but like the theory of evolution in science, as a working hypothesis, by which it is believed the benevolence and righteous? ness of God can be vindicated to human reason, and the doctrines of Scripture may be made more consistent with each other." G. R. Brackett, Pastor Second Presbyterian Church. God Cares for Every Soul. The question is loose and indefinite. "What is the fate of the Heathen nations after death ?" Is the inquiry concerning the fate of nations as appears, or of in? dividuals, of souls ? I take it the latter is meant?"What is the fate of Heathen souls after death ?" But the fate of souls depends on their quality or character, ANDERSON, S. O., 1 and not on geographical locality or race peculiarity or theological classification. The Heavenly Father regards and deals with His moral creatures not as Egyp? tians, Jews, Christians, Mahomedans, but as souls. So I still further eliminate the term "Heathen," and the question becomes a universal one as to the fate or condition of souls after death, and gets a universal answer, which persons may apply to sections as they please. My idea of death is. simply of the falling off or ceacing of the material portion of our human nature, the imma? terial portion continuing thenceforth in? dependently of it. After death, there? fore, the soul is precisely as before, with this single exception of its covering, without change of place, without change of quality. If this be so, the fate or con? dition of souls after death is as varied as their characters, and depends on the affections they have cherished and the aptitudes they have cultivated. Charac? ter is fate. "The mind is its own place." Fate or destiny is not an arbitrary assign? ment, but an orderly fulfilment of the inner love. Hell is the ideal culmina tion of the hellish affection and life, and Heaven is the ideal culmination of the heavenly affection and life. Neither is arbitrary or an appointment, but natural and a resultant. Therefore between these two ideal extremes must exist all grada? tions of moral being, and in this inter? mediate condition most souls will find themselves entering the new school on the plane of their preparation and thence still pursuing their choice. In a matter like this, in which the mind reaches forward, "reasoning from what it knows," we need to rise above national boundaries and theological differences and consider all souls in the keeping of a Great Good Soul that has made them all, and leads and cares for all. I feel, and I think the inquiring correspondent must fee tbat for one to imagine God will arbitrarily condemn any soul to.a fate his character has not merited, just because he differs from me in his intellectual, theories, or has not had just my religious experience, is simply monstrous and cruel. The idea that God" will destroy, or, worse still, consign to torment a soul for not confessing a Teacher whom he never heard, is an Idea so infernal that I thank God I have no room or affinity for it in my being. Such a notion, it seems to me, can be entertained only by one who is accustomed to make himself a standard for the universe. I had far rather die a good Heathen than a Christian with such a thought in my heart. . "If ye were blind, ye had no sin; but now ye say we. see, therefore your sin remainetb." They that live without our law are judged without regard to our law. That compound of thought, love, desire and life, which is best described as character, decides our spiritual place now and must always. "Let no man deceive yon. He tbat doeth righteousness is righteous, even as He is righteous."' And "the souls of the righteous are in the hands of God?there shall no tor? ment touch them." The words of thy servant are ended. E. C. L. Bbowne, Pastor of the Unitarian Churcb. God Can Save. The following extracts from a sermon delivered at the Pro Cathedral by Bishop Northrop daring the past week bear upon the subject: "As to infidels, their salvation is more difficult, but it is not impossible. For it is not a matter of mere belief, but with Boman Catholics is an article of faith, tbat by the natural light of reason a man may come to the knowledge of God. Solomon, in the Book of Wisdom, has upheld this truth, and St. Paul also says that we may arrive at a knowledge.of the Creator from the things that are, that is, from creation, from the Lord's works. Man may recognize God as his Creator anu Lord and Ruler of Heaven and earth. This has been defined by the Council of the Vatican. From this knowledge of God necessarily flows what may be called the natural religion, that is to say, a be? lief in a future life, the providence of God, adoration, worship. Man recog? nizes God as his Creator, who loves and will preserve His works, and will render to every one according to his works, who is to be worshipped in spirit and in truth. Socrates was very near revelation, which is the commencement of Christianity. The great St. Thomas, "the angel of the schools," and one of the greatest theolo? gians.of the Catholic Churcb, speaking of the question with regard to those who lived before the coming of Christ, and outside of the knowledge of the trnth as held by the chosen people, says that "they who were not saved by implicit faith in the Redeemer to come might be saved by an explicit belief in God and His providence." He would save them in ways pleasing to Himself. The state of the infidel now is similar, or in no respect different, to the state of the Gentiles before the coming of Christ, and they have no other religious duties to perform than the Gentiles. Pius IX, the light of the Church and a man by no means partial in such mat? ters, says that "we know those who are invincibly ignorant of the truths revealed by Christ or of the teaching of the true Church, and who faithfully observe the Divine natural law, aided by the light of reason and the grace of God, may be saved, for God is good and just and will not condemn a man to eternal torments for sins not consciously committed." At the tribunal of God, on the day of judg? ment, the infidel will certainly not be judged according to the Christian law, but by the law of his own conscience, of which St. Paul says, "It is written by the finger of God in the fleshy tablets of our hearts." Certainly the judgment of the infidel will not be as rigorous or as far-reaching as that of the Christian, who knows much more and has received so many graces. "For him to whom much has been given, from him much will be de? manded." As to children born in heresy or schism and who are properly baptized, but who die before coming to the use of reason, they certainly are saved. As to children who, unfortunately, are not baptized they certainly do not enter Heaven. It is not I but the Gospel that says this. St HURSDAY MORNIN John, chapter 2, verse 5. We are per? mitted to believe, and we do believe, that these children are not condemned to eternal punisment, but enjoy a natural state of beatitude which makes existence preferable to non-existence. No one, certainly, has a right to live a life of supernatural happiness, but, as creatures, they have a right to enjoy a natural hap? piness. But the vision of God, the beatific vision, is a supernatural happi? ness, purchased for man by Jesus Christ by the merits of His blood in the re demption. As to those who grow up in heresy or schism and involuntary ignorance of the truth, and there are many, but who lead good lives, follow their belief in the truths they have known and who die in a state of grace, which' they have either never lost, or have resulted by an act of perfect contrition, they may and will be saved. No Salvation ont of Christ. I give some of the reasons why I have not been able to take the position of your correspondent. The position in question involves belief in. what is called "proba? tion after death," and in "final restora? tion of the wicked." These views are not identical though closely related. 1. I believe them both unscriptural. That they are, appears (a.) from the con? fession of some of their foremost advo? cates; and (b) from the fact that no passage of Scripture is quoted, to my knowledge, as definitely teaching either viow. 2. The views are unphilosophical, because; (a.) They contradict the teach? ing of experience that all character tends to final permanence, (b.) They ignore the fact that when choice is made appeals are quite as apt to harden as to soften the will, (c.) They rest on assumptions that are not germane, as, that God has not done all He could for the moral welfare of tbe Heathen, or that definite denial of Christ must in justice preclude eternal condemnation. To the first, we answer, the only ques? tion is, "has God done enough to leave the Heathen without excuse?" The Bible says He has. To the second, it is sufficient to ask if the Heathen have lived up to the light they have? If not, condemnation will be just. On tbe whole question tbe first and second chapters of Romans are healthful reading. But I must not weary yon. For years I have thought that the Bible and sound reason were against both the views. J. W. Ford, Pastor Citadel Square Baptist Church. What the Bible Teaches. In reply to your note of inquiry "as to the state of the Heathen nations after death," permit me to say that whatever is aside from the explicit or necessarily inferential teaching of God's Word upon this subject is unauthoritative and un? profitable speculation. The Bible reveals but two states after death, and between them "there is a great gulf fixed." The state of the soul is forever decided at death. "He that is unjust let him be unjust still, and he that is righteous let him be righteous still." "Blessed are the dead which die in the Lord from henceforth." All who die in their sins, whethe in Christian or Heathen lands, are .st. To my mind it is scripturally evident that all children who have not reached the age of moral responsibility are saved. W. T. Thompson, Pastor First Presbyterian Church. Cotton Planting. This is a work that many farmers think should be done "in a hurry" and with the smallest expenditure of labor. It is all very well to perform a given job in good style with the least labor, but it is well to consider that by taking a little more time and expending a little more labor and care at planting, much future work may be saved. The first requisite to securing a good stand and subsequent good yield is good, sound, carefully select? ed planting seed of an improved kind of cotton. There is no great difference in tbe productiveness of the different vari? eties offered for sale. Their chief general merit consists in and depends upon the fact that the seed have been selected with more or less care for a number of years. Farmers often plant seed that appear to be sound and "all right," but on account of imperfect development or partial heatiug it is found that the vital? ity of many of the germs is either origi? nally defective or it has been impaired. The result is a poor stand of feeble dying plants. Secure seed of good selection, even if no more than enough to plant a small field from which to save seed next fall, and test the vitality of any that may be doubtful by planting early a few handsful in a warm, sunny exposure in the garden or in a hot bed. If sound and good 90 per cent, of them should make vigorous, healthy plants. The expediency of planting in hills or checks depends on tbe quality of tbe seed, tbe fixed and uniform productive? ness cf the individual plants, and the natural or added fertility of the soil. The very largest yields on small areae have generally been from planting and cultivating in hills from seed that were carefully selected with reference to sym? metrical development and productive? ness. By this careful selection the plants have become individualized, so that the single stalk that may be left in a hill may be counted on to make a large yield ?the maximum that may be reasonaMy expected from the area appropriated to its use. The hill system requires not more than one-fourth as many seed, which, therefore, may be the more select and costly; it requires more labor in the planting, but less in tbe subsequent culture. It is admitted that greater care in the planting and early cultivation will be necessary in order to secure and maintain a perfect stand, but it is very probable that such increased care will be more than repaid by the ease of subsequent cultivation and the improved quality and quantity of the product.?Southern Cul? tivator. _ ? More money can be made in one day's strict attention to one's own busi? ness, than by ten day's minding the affairs of the one's neighbor. fG, APEIL 12, 1888. THE LITTLE FOLKS. Bill Arp Tells Good Stories About Chil? dren. These little chaps do a world of think? ing. Our little three year old grandchild told her mother she didn't want to go to heaven. "Why not?" asked her mother. "Why, because there's no floor up there; don't you see. I would fall down and hurt myself. And I don't want to kiss Miss God, either." I was sitting at the breakfast table at a hotel the other day and opposite me was a good-looking couple with their little girl between them. The father seemed in a hurry and left. The little girl said, "Mamma, you better hurry up, or you won't get to kiss papa?he's going to slip off from you again." We all smiled, and the mother blushed and took the little tell? tale away quick. They are watching and thinking when we do not know it, and so it behooves us to be careful and do right. "Papa, if you had to be an animal, what animal would you rather be?" These children ask a world of ques? tions, and it takes about half our time to answer them. Sometimes it is very per? plexing and the subject is above their comprehension, but still it won't do to tell them so. It is better to answer and rive them something to catch on to. The fireside is a better school than the school room. The highest and holiest Juty of a parent is to educate his chil? dren at all times and in every way that ae can. Bead aloud to them at night when you find anything tbat will interest )r entertain them. "Papa, if you had to be an animal, what animal would you rather be?" Well, I don't know, and so we all dis? cussed it, and they tried the canary and the mocking bird and the elephant and the lion and horse and cow and the pea? fowl, and at last Bettled down on a five hundred dollar dog. The birds had to :e kept in a cage, or if they were free the boys would shoot at them or break jp their nests and catch their yonng. The elephant was hunted down or had to go round with tho circus. The horse iad a good time with a good master, but ae couldent stay in the house and lie by the fire and be caressed like the dog. The dog has more sense than any animal, ind more affection, and comes nearer jeing one of the family. The lion is jailed the king of beasts, and maybe he is the king of wild beasts, in majestic ippearance and in strength and voice, jut that is all. He has not half the tense or sagacity of tho elephant or the lorse. In scripture history the horse is it the head of the list, and is the only inimal that has a place in heaven, so far is we know. The dog has no character it all. "Am I a dog 7" said Goliah to David. "Cursed is the price of a dog." 'Beware of dogs." "Without are dogB ind sorcerers." -"The dogs shall lick the jlood of Jezebel." There is not a good irord in all scripture for the most faithful ind affectionate creature in the world, ind so I suppose they didn't have a good >reed. There are so many mean trifling rinds that* we still say "as mean as a log," and the boys say "dogon you" and 'dog my cat" and "I'll be dogged" but ;he story books are full of pretty anec* lotes of good dogs?noble dogs. "Love ne, love my dog" is an old proverb. Alexander Stepbens had a dog that he learly loved, but nobody else loved him. ind when the great man was asked why ie was bo attached to that cross, snarling :ur, he would say:' "I love him because ie loves me." Nobody loves other peo? ple's dogs, but they will fight for their )wn. , And so the children decided that it .vas best to be a good, intelligent, faithful log, and lie by the fire in winter and play with the children in pleasant weather. And all this talk brought up the old belief in the transmigration of | souls, This was the faith of the Egyp? tians, of Plato, and of that great and good man, Origen, whose Christian piety and learning gives him a prominent place among the fathers of the church. Plato and the Egyptians believed that the soul was always changing its abode, and when the flesh died there was some other animal just born to receive it. That it took ten thousand years for the 9onl to go through all of the lives of all created things and after that it spent a thousand years in hell among the wicked spirts, and then was purified and subli? mated, and became a part of God. What an idea ! Just think of the soul of man living in a fish-bait, or a June-bug, or a tarantula, or an alligator! But Origen did not believe in tbat foolishness. He believed in evolution. He was the first great evolutor. He believed that the bouI began low down in animal life and was climbing higher at every change until it was enclosed in a human body and made in the image of God and given free will and a chance to attain heaven and divinity. If it preferred sin and lust, and surrendered to the temptations of the evil one, then it lost its chance, and became an evil spirit?a demon?and occupied the forms of serpents and swine and other malicious animals. "And the serpent was the most oubtle of all the beasts of the field and said to the woman thou shalt not surely die." "And the evil spirit went into the herd of swine and they ran down into the sea." "And the Lord sent an evil spirit upon Saul." It is wonderful how many beliefs there have been in the world in ages past and how many there are now. But they all recognize a Great Creator and the exist? ence of good and evil. They all recog? nize punishment for sin'and man's free agency to be good or bad. But the Christian religion is now the established faith of the progressive, intel? ligent world. Even the Jew admits tbat much. He will not dwell outside of it. Under its kind influence he is protected and prospers. It is the light of civiliza? tion and grows brighter as the years roll on. Whether this Sabbath morning be the anniversary of the resurrection or not this Easter Bun gives light and hope and faith to many lands and myriads of peo? ple it did not a year ago. It is more rapidly advancing than ever before, and is destined to enclose the world in its loving embrace. * Then these children wanted to know what man I had rather be if I had to be somebody else, and that put me to think ing. Of course I had to give it up, for while there are many men whom I believe to be better and smarter and more useful and whose prospects of heavenly rewards are far ahead of mine, yet I don't know it. I be? lieve it, but I don't know it. A long time ago, when Judge Underwood was in his prime and aspired to be governor, and was in every way worthy of it, he said to me: "Major, I believe there are a great many men who would make a good governor, but I don't know it. Now, as I know that I would, it becomes me as a patriot to seek the office." And so I don't know who to swap myself for. One thing is certain, I would not swap myself for any politician, or lawyer, or millionaire, for they all have enemies and I don't want any. I might rdake a trade with Doctor Battey or Doc? tor Calhoun, or some great physician who has brought relief to suffering humanity. I could name some preachers to whom I would give boot, and I know some teachers whose long life of useful? ness would tempt me sorely. I met one the other day at Oxford, in Alabama, whose ur pretending labors for twenty five years has turned out upon the world more noble men and women than any one man I know of. Professor Dodson has set his mark upon the youth of old north Alabama, and is beloved by all who know him. He has built up and established his own college. He owns the building and grounds, and for years has had his bouse full of pupils who board with him and have bis kind parental teachings both in the school room and by the fireside. Twenty-five of his graduates are preachers, and scores of them are teachers, and every year be sends out another lot of young people with their characters established?their principles fixed. They make good citi? zens, good husbands, good fathers. Blessings on the man who has done this, and is still doing it, and is happy in the work. Oxford is a thriving, prosperous town, and has good merchants and a large cotton trade, and a perfect gem of a hotel, but my conviction is that Pro? fessor Dodson's institute has done more for its real welfare than all other causes combined. Yes, I wouldn't mind swap? ping with him. What a pitiful thing it' is for a man or woman to be born and live to an old age, and die, without doing good to anybody but himself or herself. Bill Aep. Fair View Pottery?Walhalla's Latest Enterprise, Our reporter paid a visit to the Fair View Pottery, which iB the name of our new enterprise, and was received with marked courtsey by' the members of the firm who showed him the plans and con? struction of the manufactory. Mr. J. T. Wilson, the President, is a thorough business man and was formerly a mer? chant of Charleston, S. 0. Mr. W. E. Riv? ers, the Manager, came from the Stafford? shire potteries in England, some ten years ago, where he first acquired his knowl? edge of the art of potting. The building fronting the street comprises the office, ware-room and a large room for the pur? pose of making (or what is technically known as pressing) the various vessels from the prepared clay. This room has capacity for nine bands. The machinery for making milk bowls, pitchers, flower pots, &c:, to be erected in this room, will be of the newest and best make and will greatly facilitate the manufacture of these different articles. The mode of preparing the clay in the slip house is simple but very efficacious. A number of tanks are used in which the clay is agitated by means of a plunger and incor? porated with water until it is reduced to the 3a me consistency of cream. It is then passed through fine sei ves and poured on he slip or drying-kiln where the water is evaporated by heat until the proper state for use. This drying kiln is long and narrow, built of brick and covered with fire clay tiles, the flues running from end to end conducting the heat. The kiln for burning the ware is being built from plans of the moat improved method as used by the best English and American potters. The material for building this kiln has been manufactured by the Tren? ton Terra Cotta Co., of Trenton, N. J., and it is calculated to burn more evenly and with less fuel than any other class of kiln. The capacity will be about one hundred dozen pieces at each burning. The appearance of this is of a large oven filled with shelves on which the ware is placed. Little triangular pieces of clay are used to prevent the vessels sticking to the shelves during the burning process. The glazing and coloring rooms are replete with racks, pans, spiders, &c. The factory is in every way a convenient and well constructed one. The entire ca? pacity will be thirty bands. Messrs. Wilson & Co. will manufacture a full line of majolica, rockingham and yellow ware and expect with their facilities to be able to compete favorably with the large pot? teries of the North, We welcome with pleasure this new enterprise which bids fair to be the most valuable in our town. Fair View Pottery ia located just at the head of South Broad Street and adjoins the beautiful Fair View vineyard from which it took its name.? Walhalla Cou? rier. _v The Cows Were Watered, "Mamma," said a Connecticut avenue girl, just returning from a visit to a Mary? land farm, "you are always talking about nice country milk, and how much better and richer it is than you get in the city, but I think you are mistaken." "I don't think I am," replied the moth? er. "Well, I know you are, for they used to water the cows twice every day while I was at Aunt Ann's." The poor mother went up stairs and shed a few scaiding tears.? Washington Critic. ? "I love you with a deep and undy? ing affection," he sighed. "Can I hope that the affection is returned ?" "Why, cert'n'y," she calmly responded. "I have no particular use for it." ? If you have a cold, cough, bronchiti^ or any form of throat or lung disease, do not neglect it Ayer's Cherry Pectoral, if promptly taken, will speedily relieve and cure all ailments of this character. VOLUMI SHARPSHOOTING. The Experience of a Confederate Soldier In the War. In passing in and out of the lines as a scout, writes an ex-Confederate soldi er in the Detroit Free Press, I saw more or less of the sharpshooters of both armies, and was twice wonnded from Federal rifle pits, but the closest and best shooting of | the sort I ever saw was around Peters? burg. At points around Petersburg, where the lines of earthworks were only pistol shot apart, the sharpshooters plied his rifle night and day and they became a living terror to both sides. I was for two weeks in the Confederate works, opposite Grant's Fort Hell, and although tons upon tons of Federal shot and shell were hurled at us, we lost more men by the bullet of the sharpshooters than by all cannonading. In the Confederate works, just above the fort which Butler blew up and which has since been known as the Crater, the most effective cannon was si? lenced for two days by a Federal sharp? shooter who ensconced himself only a stone's throw away. I do not know that the one man held the place for two nights and two days, but we judged so from the style.of firing, and because when we finally got rid of him no one else took his place. He crept out from the Federal line in a dark rainy night, dug a rifle pit, banked up the dirt around it and killed two of our men between daylight and sunrise. He had a sixteen-shooter rifle, and be gave all bis attention to one embrasure in the fort, and before noon the piece of artillery at that embrasure was silenced. A dozen Confederate sharpshooters were, detailed to kill the fellow off, but he would not be killed. The dirt was knocked about his ears in perfect clouds by bullets, and now and then a piece of fired artillery sent a shell plowing over him, but he was there to stay. When night came we intended to creep out and kill or make him a prisoneer, but lo I a whole company was brought up and stationed in the ravine just behind him, where their Are would sweep the field around his pit, and we had to turn to some other plan. He was there in the morning, and he killed one man and wounded a second before 8 o'clock. Three pieces of light altillery played on his pit until the guns had fired a dozen shells each, but he was unharmed. It was plain that he had dug his pit so deep and narrow that everything from our side must pass over it, and it was certain that we must try some other plan. Had he been without close support three or four men could have solved the problem pret? ty quick, but there were sharpshooters by the hundred in his rear,'and that rear so close that a hat could not show above onr works without being made the target of a dozen bullets. By noon of the second day we had had four men killed and five wounded by the one Yankee sharpshooter, and the Colonel commanding had offered a $20 gold piece to anyone who would finish him off. He might have made $20,000 for all we could do, as everybody had cudgeled his brains in vain for a plan. It was about 5 o'clock in the afternoon that a corporal belonging to some field artillery stationed a mile or so above us on the lines came down to see a relative of us, and when the situation had been explained to him and he bad looked over the ground he said: "Give me an hour's time and I'll have him out and win that gold piece." He returned to his command and se? cured half a dozen small fuse shells be? longing to a mountain howitzer which was then in park as of no account. When they were brought up he made a a sling from the leather of a boot-leg and two stout cords and then gathered a do:;-' en small stones to practice with. While he flung these stones on e of the men timed their fall, and in this way he knew how to cut the fuses. The fifth rpck, flung high in the air on a curve, as a mortar would throw it, fell socloBe to the sharpshooter's pit that the corporal was satisfied, He then cut his fuses and be? gan throwing lighted shells. The weigh' of them was about thirteen ounces, and while they did not fly as high as the rocks, the curve was the same. We were all satisfied as to what the result would be. The fourth shell dropped square in? to the pit and exploded as it struck, and in the cloud of dirt blown out was the sharpshooter's cap, the stock of his rifle and his canteen. Not another shot was fired from the pit, nor did any Federal dare occupy it again. A Peculiar Phenomenon, Liberty Hill, a suburb of Columbia on the Northeast, is the location of as strange a phenomenon as is often chroni? cled even in this earthquake section. On the place of a colored man named Hiram Lee, in the locality mentioned, and which is now occupied hy another colored man, Smith Watson, is a well, which, until a few days ago, bad no par? ticular distinction above other artificial sources of supply of that beverage fur? nished so abundantly by nature, which cheers while it does not inebriate. On Wednesday of last week the wife of Watson, who was washing alongside of the well aforesaid, was startled by a loud report in the well, and, on going to look therein, found to her consternation that the water was shooting up like a geyser nearly to the top of the well, with a rise and fall like the drawing in and expelling of the breath in human respi? ration. A half hour after the report was heard again and the well showed renew? ed liveliness. On Monday night last another detona? tion was heard, resembling the report when a blast of powder is fired off, and the water in the well again spouted upwards with geyser-like proclivities. The Watson family was very badly scared and they now remain in constant fear of something occurring of a remark? able character. The well, jost after the earthquake in August, 1886. ceased flowing, and bad to be sunk eight feet deeper before the flow of water was resumed. The first six feet of its depth is sand, the remainder is white pipe clay. No satisfactory expla? nation has yet been given of this pecu? liar phenomenon.?Columbia Register, April 5lh. 5 XXIII.- -NO. 40. Elections for Senators. Washington, March, 27.?Congress? man Oates, of Alabama, has written the report in favor of the joint resolution for a constitutional amendment providing for the election of Senators by the people, which he made to-day, but most of his points were furnished him by Congress* man Townshend, of Illinois, Mr. Town shend has made a study of the subject for several years, and first introduced a proposition of the kind, into the House six years ago. He is of the opinion that the election of Senators by the people would prevent the intriguing which now takes place, would make corporation and money less potent and would take power away from the politicians who make up the majority of, the State Legislature and give it to the: intelligent masses of the people. The politicians and the bosses, he says, now control in some States the election of Senators, and the thinking business men . have no voice. , The selection of Senators by the popu? lar vote would, he believes, raise the standard and result in better selections.. It would certainly bring the Senate closer to the people and make it more nearly a representative body than it is now. Mr. Townshend says that the House commit tee on the revision of the laws agreed without dissent to report the resolution, and he believes the House will assign a day for consideration and pass it. The Senate may.be a little loth to con? cur, but public sentiment, he thinks, will eventually bring them to it. The feeling throughout the Northwest, as manifested in the press and by farmers' societies, is strongly in favor of such a change in the Constitution. The senate will continue to be a conservative body from the long tenure of the members and the fact that only a third of them are chosen at a time* ^Notwithstanding Mr. Townshend's ar? gument the scheme is not .likely tolfind much favor in the Senate at present.'; Indeed, some of the Senators regard it as an affront that a? proposition to change the manner of their own election should come from the House. They do noYdeny that the House has the constitutional power to initiate the legislation, but they consider it rather in the nature of a breach of etiquette for it to use the pow? er. He Wasn't Romantic. Cutting it across the country at mid-" night?otherwise eloping to get married ?is a custom that has', long prevailed in Kentucky. Many bine-grass girls ? wouldn't care a cent about marrying if they couldn't run away and do it Young men in that favored region are ofthat way of thinking. Bat there was one who didn't feel that way, as the following shows: "Mother, young Brown was in the store to-day, and he said he wanted ?'? marry our Kate," said an old gentleman doj Kentucky to his spouse. "Well, Brown's a good fellow," she replied, "and I don't believe Kate can do better/' "That's what I thought, and so I got red in the face and pretended to ,be mad, \ just as your father did when I .'asked for j you, you remember, and yelled: You can't have her 1 Get off my premises or I'll the dog on you, you young scamp!" "There'll be an elopement, then," r \& the wife, with a smile of pleasure, recall? ing the result in their case. "No, there won't," 'replied the huabant with a sigh of discontent. q "Why not? That's the way it alway^j works in Kentuck." "Well, he's a smart one, mother, and no | mistake. He first give me the wink,-~r' says he: "Father-in-law. I'm dead sot agin:: elopements. To* much trouble. The-; Ohio style of getting married on ,J premises is good enough for me. r~]rj| it ain't popular in Kentuck. It romantic as cutting it across the cotj at midnight, escaping across the rh a dugout, and hunting a strange~Iusj the Peace who chews plog tobacco i he ties the knot; but I ain't ror For a starter I want the milch coi the bed clothes, the trousseau and] knicknacks that'go with the reg One can set up house-keeping et know it will.come a little higher: but you'll have to stand it thij Perhaps the other girls will fur elopements necessary to keep reputation of the family, but mine I" "And what are yoa going to do about* it?" asked the wife. "Do? Why, sell some hogs andr: Kate out, of course. What else can lift More Honest than thc^ On last Monday a stranger sj J. J. Hanes's store and aske his account. Mr. Han es did the man, but upon.; was once a school and claims to have 1 from Mi. Hanes while hat a which he had never paid, had no account of the cloth? the debtor stated that the been bought twenty-eight ye then it was remembered lhatj which the account had bet been burned by Sherman's the war, but Mr. Hanes ran transaction, bat told the ger he could not accept debtor was peristeuc, said come some little d.stance to pay thjj with" interest, and most do Hanes agreed to accept the pi which was paid to-day. Unc the proudest man yoa ever saw that there is a man in Georgia so 1 as to insist upon paying a debt of s standing as to be utterly worthless: eyes-of the law.?Joneaboro (tJo." The Delightful Liquid Laxi Syrup of Fig3 is a most agree, valuable family remedy, as it is^ taken by old and yoong, and ^ and effective in curing Habit pation and the many ills a weak or inactive condition;?^ neys, Liver, and Bowels, strengthens the organs o^ and awakens them to al For sala by Simpson,