University of South Carolina Libraries
J. G. CLINKSOALES, Editob. What mistakes have you made this week t Have youicst your temper ? Don't undertake too much ; -better do a little well thai a great deal poorly. When yon become discouraged, get a . copy of the IfeacA^rV 2>ream and read it. Many of yon heard it repeated by Prof. ; Hodges at the Institute last Summer. The trustees of Garvin, (District No. 3.) requests us to announce that they will expect their teachers to meet them at their accustomed place of meeting on the first Saturday in March. AU are expect* ed to come op with their papers properly filled. / One or oar enterprising young teach era writes us as follows: "Have received the book yon sent me; please accept many thanks fbi the favor. Have read part of it, and would not take doable the - amount paid id to the. Library Fund for what I've learned already." Miss Mol lie Roberta holds the fort at Euhamah. Her house is small and un? comfortable, but the teacher drives along vigorously. Her whole purpose is to do the very beat she can with the material she has at hand. Her pupils are modest, bat are teachable, and good work is being done there. . Miss A. E. Earle has charge of the new school about one-mile and a half below Holland's. Though not built for a school-houEe, the building occupied answers the purpose very well. Miss Barle has an attractive school. The pupils are being well trained. Around about.that school are abundant evidences of faithful work. Miss Lela Browne's school at Ridge way is a model of neatness. That pic? ture of the elephant 6n the board, though not exactly in keeping with the size of the house, was 8uggestive and profitable. Those little children were drawing that elephant with all the earnest nesa of a philosopher. .How much better than pouring over the incomprehensibka in Webster's Blue Back! The school is small, but wide awake and progressive. "Aa is the teacher so is the school." > Hurrah for Cedar Grovel A brand new school-bouse nestles there among the black jacks. What an improvement! What a great improvement! Now the.children are ? comfortable; before, they wer? shivering with cold; And how easily-that change was made 1 We congratulate that teach? er and those children and thank the good'people who built , the house. The house is too amall.but it is such an im? provement upon the old one that we can't grumble a bit. Miss Lela Roberta says she can do much better work now, and we know ahe is doing good work. Miss Jennie Rosamond, sending us a dollar for the Library Fund, writes: Though too far away to avail myself of its advantages, I desire to contribute a mite to this fund. Success to it and all your enterprises^' Miss Nora Hobbard hands us a dollar, too, as an expression of her approval of the enterprise. Miss Nora keeps on hand all the time a full supply of teach? ers' helps, and will probably not have occasion, to read a book in the Library, but ahe gives us this dollar as tangible evidence of her hearty endorsement of the enterprise. In behalf of the Asso? ciation we thank these young ladies for their kindness. One of our teachers sends the follow? ing questions to the Teachers' Column : 1. What should be said or dune when a pupil pleads want of "talent" in a certain branch of study aa an excuse fur bad lea Bons in said branch? 2. How can I prevent the use of slang phrases by small boys on rhe play? ground? 8. Should a teacher use methods beat suited to the improvement of the child, or those which he knows will best please hispatroDB? - We do hope the teachers will speak (write,) to these, questions: They are certainly pertinent. Let's have a free expression of opinion. Don't wait one for another. Though a young man and teaching his brat school, Mr. Nicholson seemed to be as home at his work at Desn's. He has a comfortable home and a small school of bright, attentive children. There is, no blackboard in the house now accupied, but that thriving little village will soon have an elegant school building properly furnished with blackboards and every thing else necessary for the convenience of teacher and pupils. Mr. Nicholson is 'fortunate in that he succeeded Miss Maggie Graham, ope of the mo3t pro? gressive teachers the county ever had. With the aid of his patrons we feel eure that Mr. Nicholson will see that the school sustains the reputation it baa bad for.doing good and faithful work. We found the school at Starr out of, the banks?full to overflowing. Mr. Simmons, the new teacher, is master of the situation and understands how to utilize -the facilities at his command. The house is poorly provided with seats, but, we understand the patrons contem? plate looking after that matter very soon. We found the pupils prompt and atten? tive, .reflecting credit upon their teacher, Mr. Simmons, and upon their former teachers, Miss Bettie Earle and Mrs. Bes? sie Allen as well. These ladies labored faithfully there and paved the way for the work that is to be completed by Mr. Simmons. We are glad to know that the people of that oeighborhood are de? termined to have a permanent school there. Miss Mollie Moorhead u doing very acceptable work at Ivy Hollow. She has the confidence and esteem of pupils and patrons. Her pupils are mostly small children, just auch as need the sympathy and direction and encouragement of a ?thoughtful, patient lady. They are for? mte iu the selection of their teacher. S & LANGSTON. Miss Mollie is painstaking and at the same time progressive. She avails her? self of every opportunity for learning something of the responsibilities resting upon ber as a trainer of young minds and hearts. Miss Mollie is an earnest member of the Association, a close stu? dent of the books in the Teachers' Li? brary, and thoroughly alive to the inter? ests of her pupils. -We have heard of Miss Mollie'a visiting other schools. This course we would most heartily commend. We can see the excellenpies or the defects of school-room plans when worked by other teachers much more easily than when operated with our own classes. We would be glad if every teacher in, the connty could spend one day in every month with some neighbor? ing school. Every teacher whether good, bad, or indifferent, impresses himself upon the minds and hearts* of his pupils. One who is at all watchful can see as soon as he enters a'school-room the teacher's character, life, habits, disposition reflect? ed in the faces and in the very movements of the children. We are becoming more fully convinced of the truth of the max? im, "As h the teacher, so is the school." Let a slip shop teacher take charge of a school that has been well trained and in an almost incredably short time he is in charge of a Blip-shod, happy-go-easy, take-yourtimeboys school. The result is inevitable. Let a man slosh himself down in his chair, and, dropping his shoulders and his stomach into his lap, say, "Come up here, boys, and say your lesson," and we want no better picture of Rip Van Winkle and no better index to his work as ? teacher. A lazy man, or woman, is wholly unfit for a teacher of boys and girls. On the other hand let a live, practical, energetic, wide? awake, vigorous man or woman take charge of a school, and in a very short time, the school shows signs of new life, and every thing around presents an en? tirely different appearance. The very manner of the child speaks more loudly than words. The manner in which they sit, their attention, or want of attention, the respectful and polite manner, or the indifferent and impolite manner in which they respond to the questions put to them ?all these things speak louder than words, and indisputably unfold and un? cover the work of the teacher. What a teacher is impresses his pupils mu ".h more than what he pretends or tries to be. If there ia no real manliness about a teacher the children soon find it out. If he is a sham, they are the first to know it. if truth and honesty show them? selves in his every movement, and in every word be utters, if through his eyes the children can look down into the heart of a noble man, they love him and respect him for what he really is, and get Btrengtb from his very presence. But we' find ourselves launching out upon a theme that can only be touched in the space we have. To the Teachers'Column I am asked to write, But just what to say I don't know quite. Nevertheless, I'll do the best I can, That is all expected from any man. They want me to tell the teachers how to teach, But that is a subject quite beyond my reach.( I will only give a few little hints, And they won't be filled with much common sense. Don't talk to your scholars as though you were mad,' Unless it is when they act very bad. Tour business is to teach, and not to scold, If you scold too much you'll regret it when old. When you see that a boy on mischief is bent, Just call him around and give him a hint, That you don't have such as that in jour school, And quietly tell him you're going to rule. Don't hurry your pupils through the book too fast, If you do that way what they learn won't last, But occasionally give them a little review, . Then you can see just what they can do. When recess comes, inlhe house don't stay, But go out with your scholars and join in the play. Another thing I wish to impress on your mind, While teaching from books don't reave ' manners behind. That is one thing most teachers forget, But I hope it will be general iu our schools yet, For manners should be taught as well as i from books, For manners help a man more than good looks. i When teaching of the motions of the ter? restrial ball, Don't slap the little fellows uidil lh*y squall, . j ' Because they can't, see it just as you can, j Remember, they are children and you are j a man. ' j. L. Eskew. j 1 llouea Path, S. C. Some Bible Facts. Verses in the Old Testament, 23,241. ! Verses in the New Testaraeut, 7,959. - The books of the Old Testament, 39 I The books of the New Testament, 27. I Words in the Old Testament, 592,430. ! Letters in the New Testament, 838,820. } Words in the New Testament, 181,253.. Chapters in the Old Testament, 929, ! Letters in the Old Testament, 2,728,100, Chapters in the New Testament, 260. The word "Jehovah" occurs 0,865 ; times. The middle book of the Old Testament I is Proverbs. [-; The middle chapter of the Old Testa? ment is the Jobxxix. The middle verse of the New Testament is Acts xxii, 17. The shortest verse in the New Testa I meat is John xi, 35. The longest verse of the Old Testament < is Esther viii, 9. I The middle book of the New Testament j is Second Theesalonians. i The middle chapter and shortest in j the Bible is Psalm cxvii.?From Cham I bers1 Journal. ? The coat-tail flirtation is the latest. A wrinkled coat-tail bearing dusty toe marks means, "X have spoken to your father." THE TALE OF PEGGY O'NEAL. A Young Woman Who Bad Much to do With American History. From the Philadelphia Pres?. Washington, January 27.?This week I have learned something new about the most remarkable episode of its kind in the history of this country?the trials and triumphs of Peggy O'Neal, the protege of President Andrew Jackson. The fuli history of the extraordinary event has never been printed; in fact, most of its details are still unknown, but I have this week talked with two gentle? men who were prominent figures of Gen. Jackson's time, and who revealed to me some interesting particulars "confiden? tially." I called yesterday on Woodbury Blair, a bright lawyer in the Corcoran building, who has in his possession a whole car? load of papers which his grandfather, Francis P. Blair, received from the hand of Jackson in his old age. They have never been used or even assorted, and onlj a porliou of their contents are known. Some day, Mr. Blair says, he and Irs brother will select for publica* tfoo. When the popular idol of the West, Andrew Jackson, was a member of the United States Senate in 1823, he boarded at the tavern at I and 20th streets, near where Secretary Whitney's residence uow is, kept by au Irishman named William O'Neal. He had taken a spe? cial liking to Mrs. O'Neal, the efficient landlady, when he was a member of Con* gress years before. Major John H. Eaton, the other Senator from Tennessee, boarded at the same place, and together they petted and surfeited with candy the daughter of the O'Neals, Peggy, a girl of 12 or 15, who grew during the years of their presence at the tavern into au ua* commonly handsome, dashiug, intelli? gent, and lively young lady, It was; about the worst possible place to bring up a virtuous girl in, for it was the spe? cial rendezvous of the gay and dissipated, i Henry Clay, during bis fast days, was a continuous guest. Growing up among such men and the strangers who frequent the average inn, with all the familiarity which such a position implies, she lacked, refinement and delicacy, but she had, besides the inevitable chic and cheek, that vivacity of speech and voluptuous beauty which characterize so many maid? ens of the north of Ireland. She was thoroughly unconventional and defiant of properties, and became audacious, willful and reckless. She flirted a good deal, had a nodding acquaintance with most of the good looking travellers, arranged twice to elope, and, finally, about 1822, she some? what accidentally married Purser Tim berlake, of the United States navy. She disliked the sea, and remained most of the time in Washington among her old ?ssociales. Three children were born to her during the next five years, one, it is alleged, after a too prolonged absence of her husband. In 182S, the very year of "Old Hickory's" election, Timberlake, then on duty in the Medi? terranean, cut his throat in a fit of mel? ancholy, and left a most attractive and handsome widow to mourn his loss more or less. She was not wholly inconsolable, for she had wonderful grace and matchless beauty and a thousand admirers. Dolly Madison, the President's wife, had pub? licly crowned her at a ball a3 "the pret? tiest girl in Washington. She was bril? liant and Superficial, courageous and capricious, vain and vacillating, affec? tionate, generous and-quick tempered. To her Edward Coales Pinkney had written the poem, still famous, begin? ning: I fill this cup to one made up Of loveliness alone, A woman of her gentle sex The seeming paragon; To whom the better elements And kindly stars have given A form so fair that, like the air, 'Tis less of earth than heaven. As soon as the sad news of Timber lake's death could make its way homo, Senator Eaton said to Jackson : "Gen ! eral, I've a good mind to marry Peggy ! myself." "Do, by all .means, if yuu love her and I she will have you," was the reply. "It j will restore Peggy's good name." So merrily rang the bells and they were wed. And there was a great time in Washington. Peggy was ambitious, and she made the most of the occasion. Jacksob, Calhoua, and half the Senate J and the army and navy were present at the wedding. But the ladies tabooed the arrangements on the ground that Peggy's character was altogether too notorious. In the tavern she had loBt the first bloom of her reputation. She was voted "fast" and given up to the inevitable associations of her kind, Men talked about "Peggy" and women ignored her. Mrs, Jackson fervently disliked her and declined to spe. k to her, and when she and Senator Jackson went home to Ten? nessee she rejoiced, opposed his election to the Presidency by every means in her power, and always said: "Andrew, I don't want tu go back to Washington again on any account.'* In spite of her prayers and tears and gentle opposition the heto of New Or? leans was elected at GO to b? President of the United States. And when ho went to Rachel with the news she said: "It is not as I wished it! It is not as I wished it! I cannot go to Washington." Two weeks after the news of the victory was known at the Hermitage she died suddenly of heart disease. Jackson mourned her, as she no doubt was, chiefly a martyr to the partisan aspersions of her character on account of her having lived with him as his wife for years before marriage, erroneously sup? posing herself divorced from her former husband. For alluding to this Jackson had already fought Governor Levier aud killed Charles Dickson in a duel. When Jackson came back to Washing? ton as President he called bis friend, Senator Eaton, into the Cabinet as secre? tary of war. Then there was a breeze! The other ladies of the Cabinent refused to associate with his wife officially or recognize her privately. The virtue of the whole United Stales was stirred up, and a committee of clergymen was sent to represent the DERSON, S. C., TH1 scandal to President Jackson, supposed to be ignorant of it. They assured him that Peggy had always borne a bad repn tation from her girlhood; that no respect? able ladies would speak to her; that several gentlemen were ready to testify to personal knowledge of her dissoluteness; that she bad told her servants to call her two children Eaton, not Timberlakc, for that was their name, and that she and Eaton had travelled together on several occasions to various cities and registered as man acd wife. Jackson replied indignantly in defence of Peggy Eaton. A correspondence of months resulted?on his part long, vehe? ment and bitter. Tho whole mass of these confidential writings, mostly in the handwriting of Gen. Jackson, and still extant, would fill thirty columns of a newspaper?not less than two hundred letters in all. He brought to the defence of Peggy all of the energy that had made him such an Indian fighter. But ho was fighting womeu now instead of mere Indians, and they defied him and cut.Peggy dead. Then he called a Cabinet meeting on the subject, and assured his advisers that Peggy Eaton was as "chaste aB snow," and formally demanded that their wives should recognize and visit her. "You seem, Mr. President, to labor under a misapprehension as lo who is general in my family," said Attorney General Bar? rien. Still the ladies revolted. The wives ol John C. Calhoun, Vice President; John M. Derrien, attorney general; S. D. Ingham, secretary of the treasury, and John Branch, secretary of the navy, refused either to receive Peggy or call upon her, and the wives of the foreign ministers declined to bow to her or recognize her in any way, Even Jack* son's niece, Mrs, Donelson, the mistress of the White House, joined the revolt, and said, "Anything else, uncle, ask me to do; but I cannot call upon Mrs. I Eaton." The warrior's blood was up. "You take the nest stage and go home to Ten nessee!" he replied, and she and her husband packed their things and went, He then started to discipline his in? tractable Cabinet, Van Bureu, secretary of State, was a widower, and Barry, post? master general was a bachelor, so they good-naturedly lent themseves to the President's wishes. They called on Mrs. Peggy Eaton, as aUo did Amos Kendall, Col. Beaton and Isaac Hill, prominent partisans, and Lord Vaughan, the Brit? ish minister, and Baron Krudener, the Russian'minister, both bachelors, joined the whitewashing brigade. Yaugban gave a brilliant and expen? sive ball in the direct interest of "Bello na," which was Mrs. Eaton's nickname, but though the British minister himself led her to the head of the banquet table, other ladies were persistently unconscious of her presence and every cotillion she joined was immediately broken up by their withdrawal. Then Baron Krudener .gave a splendid ball, and when the wife of the Holland minister refused to sit by Peggy's side at supper, Jackson threatened to send her husband home. Jackson's whole ?ery soul was in Peg? gy's vindication and often while he was President he used to stroll across the lots to the little cottage where Peggy's mother lived and plan the campaign. ' The women were inexorable. The three married men in the Cabinet refused to speak to Eaton, secretary of war, except as official business absolutely required, and in the presence of the President. Mrs. Calhoun snubbed Peggy publicly, and for every snub, immediate? ly reported to him by Peggy who was a constant visitor at the White House, Old Hickory laid away a poisoned arrow for the Great N ullifi'er, his associate in office. It was at this time, and during the progress of this affair, that Van Boren became a pet of Jackson, and his preor? dained successor. The President slapped him familiarly on the shoulder at recep? tions, and addressed him as "Matty" in public. Duff Green's Administration "orgau." the Telegraph, spoke elightingly of Peggy, and Jackson at once threw it overboard, and called Francis P, Blair from Ken? tucky to start a new organ, the Globe, which sprang, by the aid of Peggy's par? tisans, into instant success. Daniel Webster watched with delight the breach in the Democratic party and wrote at this time: "Mr. Van Buren j has at this moment quite the lead in j influence and importance. He controls all the pages at the back stairs and Mat? ters what seems to be at present the Aaron's rod among the President's desires, a settled purpose of making out the lady of whom so much has boon said a person of reputation. This dispute may very probably determine who ehall be the successor lu the present Chief Magistrate. Such great events," &c. And Bsnneit wrote from Washington to the Herald: "I. think John C. Cal? houn ha3 doomed himself lo oblivion by hi3 refusal to rehabilitate Peggy Eaton." So, indeed, it proved, and very abortiv. With the promptness which character? ized him io all warfare, Gen. Jack-son, when bis first term was half ended, demanded the resignations of Secretaries Ingham, Breach end Berrien, the three married members of his Cabinet, whose puntilious wives had brought niortifiea lion to "good little Peggy," as he fondly called the lady in question. They resigned. He sent them home without any hypocritical letters of regret and filled their places by men whose wives were understood lo he willing to declare a truce with Peggy. The new Cabinet (for both Van Bureu and Eaton had resigned for foreign inisBiou?) were Edward Livingston, Louis McLane, Levi Woodbury, Lewis Ca?3 and Roger B. Taney. Calhottu resigned tho Vice Presidency and espoused nullification, drawing from Jackson bis famous indignant message. Jackson was not satisfied with rebuk? ing Calhoun and overthrowing his ambi? tion ; he wanted to make sure of securing the promotion of Peggy's diplomatic defender. So during his first term ho wrote a letter "to be published only in case of my death," in which he definitely j nominated Van Buren as his successor, ! and then he called him to his side ns i Vice-PreBideut, vice Calhoun, retired, JRSDAY MORNING Peggy O'Neal comes into history only once more?or at most twice. Lieut, Randolph succeeded Timberlake as purser after the lalter's suicide, and, his accounts being found irregular, he was arbitrarily dismissed from the service without a hearing. He alleged that it was Timberlake who had defaulted, and demanded a hearing, which Jackson persistently refueed. In May, 1833, while the President was going to Fredericksburg to lay the cor? nerstone of the monument of Mary, the mother of Washington, Randolph crowded on board the boat and deliber? ately pulled Gen. Jackson's nose. He was immediately seized and put ashore, out of reach of the irate President. Eaton was sent as minister to Spain, and bis Peggy really had a brilliant and irreproachable career at Madrid for fifteen of the happiest years of ber life. Then they returned to Washington, and here he died. At the age of GO the remarkable woman married a man of less than 21, an Italian music teacher. It proved to be the crown of her follies. She survived even this youth after divorcing him, and died here in 1S79, at the ripe old age of 83. I remember her well as a famous personage of this capi? tal, amiable and vivacious to the last, and attracting attention wherever she went. Her last words were: "I am not afraid, but this is such a beautiful world !"' I do not now remember any woman who has so impressed herself on the des? tinies of this country as did Peggy O'Neal. See: 1. She drove three members of the Cabinet into an obscurity from which they never emerged. 2. She made Martin Vau Buren Jack? son's favorite and ultimately his sue* cessor. 1 3. She brought Lewis Class into Fed? eral politics, and made him a candidate for President, securing perhaps the elec? tion of Gen. Taylor. 4. She introduced Roger B, Tauey to public life, making him Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, with the Dred Scott decision at the end. o. She called Francis P, Blair and Rives into Washington journalism, where they established the Globe, a potent influ? ence for a generation, Nothing succeeds like success. One of Peggy Timberlake d daughters married Dr. Randolph, of Virginia, and the other became the Duchess de Sampayo iu Paria; and a granddaughter, inheriting the family fascinations, has become Baroness de Rothschild, of Austria. There is only one Timberlake in this city no*-, and he, undistinguished, appears in Lbe directory as "servant." Antidotes for Poison. "Mure than two-thirds of the deaths from poison could be avoided if tueu und women would only acquaint themselves with the simple remedies always at hand in every well regulated household." The speaker was a house surgeon at a city hospital. "I see the names of six persons on this record of mine whom I know might have been saved had their friends or the police known what to do." he continued. "All sis died qecause too much time was lost in notifying the police, calling on ambulance, and in getting the sufferers to the hospital. Paris green, rough on rats, and laudanum seem tobe the favorite poisous fur suicide, For each of these poisons an antidote can be found in almost every household. The chief points in coses ot poisoning are to encourage romiting, and thus get rid of the substance ; to counteract poison by antidotes, and to check death by the use of stimulants and artificial respiration. ?'Rough on rats is simple arsenic.. Hard* I ly a day passes but some one suicides by its use. If on discovering that this poison ; has been taken the gufferer is given one or two raw eggs, and the eggs are { followed up with large draughts of tepid water into which a tablespooufu! of salt or mustard has been thrown, the stom? ach will usually throw the poison off. These, supplemented by a dose of castor oil, sweet oil or milk to offset the action of the poison, will usually save the lifo of the patient. The same treatment is the one to be followed when Paris green, opium, morphine, paregoric or laudanum is the poison used. When opium, mor? phine, paregoric or laudanum is swallow? ed, it is well to give a cup of elrong black coffee after the emetic, to apply cold water to the head and neck, and to pre* vent sleep. These poisons represent the majority of those taken by accident, or by persons intent on suicide. When tartar emetic is iaken, after encouraging vomiting, it is well to give milk and strong tea to drink. When poieons like mineral acids are used?such as aqua fortis and oil of vitriol?after ad emetic solutions of soda, magnesia, and even of plaster scraped from the wall can be used with good effect. Oxalic and carbolic acid calls for the same treatment after using a littlo flour and water, the white . of an egg, or castor oil in order io protect the gullet and walls of the stomach When poison like cauolic, potash, soda or lime U used, administer vinegar, lem? on or orange juice in waler, emetics and oil. If phosphorus is taken, like the ends of matches, for instance, keep up vomiting and administer big doses of magnesia in water. Oils in such cast's must not be used. For corrosive subli? mate administer the while of an egg, (lour and water, or milk, und then lbe emetic. Iu poisoning from chloroform or illuminating gas, let the patient have fresh air, loosen the clothing and dash cold water about the face and neck. "All of these antidotes are, as a rule, always at hand, and if used will almost every time save '.he life of the patient and greatly facilitate the work of the physician when the case comes under his care."?Evening Sun, New York. ? The jury iu the cass of Mrs. Sarah J. Robinson, the alleged wholesale pois? oner, of Boston, rendered a verdict of guilty of murder in the first degree. In this trial she was charged with the murder of Prince Arthur Freeman, her nephew. She has previously been tried on the charge of killing her son and daughter, but the jury disagreed. The incentive to all the crimes with which she is charged was allejr"^ to be in securing the life insurant >i her victims. ? Ii um n im iit?a?. i .1 um ii?mrn..iiiin 1 - ?? ; FEBRUARY 23, 18! CHINA AND CHRISTIANITY. I An Abstruct of the Address of Bev. J. L, , Stuart at the First Fresbjteilan Chnrcli. ! Columbia Register, Feb. l?. In view of the present special interest existing here in relation to the work of foreign missions, place is given to the following abstract of the discourse of Rev, J. L. Stuart, delivered at the First Presbyterian Church Sunday night, the publication of which yesterday was pre? vented by the lack of space: Tho relumed missionary chose as his text from the second chapter of Joshua, in which is related the circumstances at? tending the sending out of two spies by Joshua to view the country of Jericho. He said that he bad tossy that something of the same kind was going on in China. It seems to be the most opportune time for Christians to go in and secure that land for Christ. There were there 390,000,000 souls. These people have for a long time dwelt, as it were, alone. There were natural boundaries which rendered them isolated, and by their great wall and their prohi? bition of the entrance of foreigners they had, until comparatively recent years, maintained their seclusion. There had been thereby caused the prido and prej? udice and exc!usivcne9s which so spe? cially characterized this people, but he hoped to be able to show that tbeee characteristics were at least promising to be broken down. The speaker detailed at some length the history of the admission of foreigners to the Empire. The first step, an iciqui ! tous cause with what has proved in some directions a good effect, was the opium war, when England obliged the country to admit opium by the arguments of j soldiers and big gun?, and fire ports were opened to foreigners. I The second step was when in another 1 war waged by England and France ! against China, and in which the invaders j with 16,000 men really conquered the country and occupied Pekin, resulted in ! the opening of seven additional ports and other concessions, A third step was au eve-it of incalcu? lable importance?the great rebellion so called. This originated in the knowledge gained by a student, who came to one of the ports to pass hw examination, of the contents of some foreign books he there obtained. So wrought upon was thalstu dent by what he imperfectly uudc-rstood that he returned and studied for months with a missionary. At last he thought he was read; to become* a Christian, but was refused baptism by the missionary, who did not think him sufficiently con? versant with charity, He again returned to his home in the interior acd later shared his knowledge with a fellow student. They baptised each other and started out to preach *-Vat they consider? ed Chrislianily, or at least a new religion. Soon they merged their religious work into a political one, and determined to overthrow the existing government and take the reins themselves. Thousands flocked to their standard and these semi Christians gained power in fifteen out of the eighteen provinces ic China. They carried on their war, however, with the most horrible barbarities, bt!rning aud scourging the country and in the course of the struggle it is estimated 33,000,000 people lost their lives. They burned temples and hacked the idols to pieces with their swords. The rebellion did not succeed in the end, however, but it was only put down by the aid of a foreigner, Gen. Gordon, who afterwards perished in the Soudan. There were three great effects from this rebellion: First, the shock to Chinese pride that they were only saved from destruction by foreign intervention. Second, the shock to idolatry, for never since has there been so much belief aud veneration for idols, for they reason easi? ly if as we have seen these idols bad uo power to protect themselves, hovj. can they hare power to do aught for us! Third, the fact that in the confusion fol? lowing the conclusion of the rebellion a number of missionaries got into the -interior, where they had never been allowed before, but gained such a foot phold there that they have been allowed to stay. They live in those interior cities by sufferance and not by right, but it has continued so long it is regarded as safe, and no danger is apprehended of being J driven away. Another event in China's history that had an effect for good in the missionary < work was the great famine of 1866-68, and by which, in some provinces, starva? tion and terrible suffering wero caused. The missionaries by going to the rescue ?three died then from the famine fever ?by securing from abroad means to buy food to send to the famished, and In some cases going to distribute it, won the res? pect of the Chinese and gained a stronger j hold thttn ever before. Even this mis f fortune, then, was providential, and j OodV. work. ? An event more recently which bad a I similar effect was the inundation of sev* ! eral provinces along the Hoang Ho, or : Yellow River, by which great misery was j caused. It was remarkable that the !' province of H?nau, where the damage ' and suffering was greatest, was that pro? vince of all the Empire where existed the most opposition to missionaries, where ? they were prevented from residing, . where, indeed, it is well nigh certain two i missionaries have been murdered. The . missionaries at the lime of the floods did, I great good and won their way evrn there, j however, and now everywhere they are ; respeeled^lenst. i As an evidence of the change of the ( feeling towards Christianity, even by the government, may he adduced, en edict issued by Uie government, and alter the manuer of the country, posted iu every town and city of the Empire, wherein three things arc stated : 1. Christianity is good. 2. Missionaries should be treat? ed as guests. 3. Converts should be unmolested; by adopting Christianity they are breaking no law. ! Medical work had also done much to bring the change. As the result of the skillful treatment of the sick wife of a i high mandarin by a Miss Howard, a : medical missionary, resulting in tho cure ; of tho patient, the mandarin in question ? has established at his own cost two great 38. hospitals. Iti gother oases medical work had done much to arouse good feeling among the Chinese for the missionaries. < Now tho land is open; the hearts of the people are open?to some extent they will listen to the preaching of the gospel. What more can wo ask'.' The field is broad and we want men, wo want women, we want money to aid the work. Who will not aid to carry salvation to these perishing Chinese? Now perishing?I and eternally?at tho rate of 33,000 in twenty-four hours. The Cradle Kecked. BY II. S. KELLER. After the mother died, Granny took the baby and rocked it to sleep. How quiet, how white she looked, the dead mother there in her pretty wedding dress. It was her wish, the wedding dress in place of a shroud. ' Shrouds look so stiff and?dead-like. When George comes to kiss my face for the last time, I want to have him see me in my wedding dress. He is young; he will marry again ; and I hope he will?but ?but I hope he will marry someone who will be good to my baby and rock her to sleep. She is used to it. If?if George should marry someone who wouldn't reck baby to sleep I shall come back and rock the crib myself." And the fading ilower drooped lower; and then the trail stem broke and the baby had no mother. George did marry again?but, oh! a different woman from his first wife lying out there in the little churchyard under the daisies. His second wife defeated children. The cry of a baby was like saw teeth to her ears and she said she never wanted any. But someone had to take care of the little baby whose mother rested under the daisies. Granny was getting old, and she couldn't care for it, no matter bow her heart went out toward her dead child's child. And so, the baby was brought to the city where George lived with Lia hand eome, young wife in fashionable quarters. "I hate the brut. It's a nuisance at d I shall not bother myself taking care of it." And George was bo fascinated with his pretty wife, that he too, looked upuii the poor baby as a nuisance. "There, lay there! I thai..not rock you to sleep," said the wife as she laid the little, creature in a crib and went to the sitting room where George sat read? ing a paper. And the baby cried and cried. It was used to rocking. Its mother had rocked it. Granny bad rocked it. It was all alone and it cried to be rocked to asleep, j "The baby is crying, dear?*' . "Let it cry. I can't and won't rock it to sleep. It's a bad habit and should be broken." "I suppose so. I don't believe in it myself. But its mother?my ! how wheat has gone up," said George as he plunged into his paper. The breeze moaned along the roof tree and the leaves echoed the whispers of echoing leaves. The low, sad noises of the night came and died, and George read bis paper, and. his wife sat there with hsr novel?and the poor baby in the next room cried and cried. Then the crying ceased. / George looked up from his paper. Then the baby prattled. George's wife looked at him. Then the sound of a rocking cradle. Then George rose and grasped his wife's hand. They went to the door and looked in. The baby was prattling sleepily?and the cradle was rocking. Rocked by some invisible hand. Whose hand?they knew. And when the baby went to sleep the cradle stopped. Over the little baby George reached his hand, and it met bis wife's. And the little baby never went to sleep again without rocking. The unseen spirit of the dead mother had taught the baby's second mother a lesson.?Detroit Free Press. Some Splendid Farming. j Lewis Ducket, of No. 4 Township, who J owns one of the largest and best planta- i tions in Newberry County, and who is a [ number one farmer, has given the Obser \ ver the results of come of his farming operations lust year. He made good crops all around ; but the following were special yields. On two acres he planted cotton seed that he bought from Prof. Harris, of Greenville, which the Professor called ?'Duncan's I en pro. jd." He broadcasted the land with home made manure and then put in 400 pounds?200 to the acre ?of acid. The cotton from this patch yielded 35j pounds of lint /orm luO pounds of seed cotton. From the two [ acres he gathered 3,833 pounds. He had i the cotton picked by day labor at so j much per hundred, and weighed it care i fully himself as it was picked ; so that there can be no mistake about the yield. The two acrea made G bales of 508 pounds each, escluaive of :'ie weight of b3ggiD? tiiid tiee--or 3;U3; pounds of lint. ! On a 20 acre new ground, the third I year of cultivation, with 200 pounds of ? ainniouiated fertilize! s per acre, he made I 20 bales of cotton weighing 557 pounds I each, and 2:53 pounds over, j On a 7 acre new ground, second year of cultivation, be made, without fertiliz 1 ing, 257 bushels of corn, exclusive of the I cotton and refused corn. This was not j an estimate or guess work, but he I shucked and measured the com. j Lewis says that ho ha?* a little over j four acres of ground that he thinks be I can make 20 bales of cotton on, and that j he ia going to try it this year, j Some persons who d?, not know Lewis I Duckett may be disposed to question the J figures above given ; but those who know him know that he is a splendid farmer I and a thoroughly truthful and responsible j man, and that his figures are correct, j He is probably jc wealthiest colored ! farmer in the State, beiug worth from I $20,000 to $25,000.-- Xewbeny Observer. j ??* ? There comes a time when the man ; who is always wanting the earth has that j and nothing else. Then he does not i want it, but death compels him to take ?it. VOLUME ALL ABOARD FOR CALIFORNIA. ] BY REV. A. T. PVSL.W. j ? ?From thcSoiilhtrn Christian Advocate. | The first place of any interest ia New i Mexico is Demi eg. It is a very pretty ] little town, and ha? one of the best de- j pots on the route. We missed a great porlioD of the scenery in New Mexico on ! acccuut of having to travel through it during the night. Aztec. Arizona, was the first stopping place after wo got up Saturday morning. It is a barren desert. All the railroad hands are Chinamen. Zuma, Arizona, is on the Hoe between Arizona and California. The two States arc separated by the Colorado River. Here there are quite a number of In? dians and Mexicans. The Mexicaus were at work and the Indians doing nothing. When we first crossed over into Califor? nia the soil showed some sigus of fertil? ity, but we soon struck a desert more barren if possible than that of Arizona. You may, if you wish, add the suffix ed to desert and call it deserted, for so it looks to be. For miles nothing is vis? ible but bills and gullies. Mammoth Tank, 683 miles from San Francisco, h the loneliest looking place I ever saw. Tho town is composed of two little adobe houses occupied by Mexican?, and just a little way from the hack door of one of the houses is the grave of a little child in a pen. The thought just occurred to me: Oh! how I would hate to bo burled here. When we looked at that, and the poor Mexican wending his way acrces I the desert ou his little pony, h e thought j if all California was like that, surely the t Bishop had a great spite at us wheu he | sent us here. \ At a place called Volcano Springs we ? had a beautiful view of some boiling springs from eight to ten miles away. They look very much like smoke curling out of a chimney. At New Liverpool are salt mines and werk.?, aod some cf the prettiest scenery on the road. The mountains were covered with snow, find the mirage in the distance looked like beautiful lakes. I could not be con? vinced otherwise untiLI passed New Liverpool, which is a perfectly dry place, and looked back and saw that it was in the midst of a beautiful lake. The most charming sight, after about two days' travel, was at Cabazou?a man eight or ten miles off ploughing on his little farm. Sau Gabriel valley is a beautiful one, thickly set with apricot trees. At Brookheld we saw the first oranges, and bought some at from ten to fifteen cents per dozen. | Arrived at Los Angeles Saturday! : evening at 7:20. We spent Sunday there, ( I and went to hear Brother 1). C. Browne j : preach?the preacher in charge of Triu-1 ! ily Church.- At church we met Brother f I John Fuller, wife and daughter. Broth- j er Fuller is from Laurens County, South I Carolina, and bis wife from Georgia. ' They insisted on us taking dinner with I them, and of course it did not take much j insisting. Too much cannot be said I about the beauty of Loa Angeles. The I half had not been told us. I shall not I undertake a description of it. Brother < Dorsey and I parted Monday. I took I the train for Santa Barbara. He went ' on to Merced. I spent Monday night I with my Presiding Elder, Rev. J. W. Allen, at Carpenteria, and Tuesday night in Santa Barbara. Took the st9ge! Wednesday morning and rode 65 miles over the mountains. Arrived at Los j Alamos 7 p. m. and spent the night, j Next morning I took the Pacific Coast I Railway and arrived at Santa Maria at 9:33 a. m. Would like to say something { about tho country between Los Angeles j ; and Santa Barbara, but guess T have ! written too much now. Not Mad bat Dangerous. He was a gallant cavalry officer mak? ing bis first call, and all the formalities of the eeasou were in full blast. She toyed with her fau as she conversed about the gayeties of the. past winter time. Leisurely strolling into the elegant draw? ing room came the family dog, a large and intelligent type of the New Found land breed. It was a warm evening, and the dog came in with bis mouth open and his tongue protruding from hia mouth. He made directly for the hostess, who manifested extreme uneasiness at the first sight of the unexpected animal. As he came nearer, the young woman mounted first the heavy upholstered chair and then the centre table. Seeing this unusal performance, the young man followed suit, and wassoonon top of the marble mantlepiece, to which place of safety he invited bis hostess. Meanwhile the dog, the cause of the commotion, crawled under the sofa pre? paring himself to take n nap. "When was he 11 taken with it?" asked the brave- officer, as he balanced himself among the mantle ornaments. ' Oh, he has been that way all sum mer," replied the young woman. "It's strange he doesn't try to bite u?, ? isn't it?" continued theyonng man. "Ob, he wouldn't .bite anybody," re? marked tbe young hostess. "Wby hasn't he got hydrophobia. "No", replied she, very sweetly ; ''he's ? got fleas, and tbat'e pretty near a? bad." I ? II ia now beginning to appear that J John Tyler, who insured his life for I .*300,000 and then committed suicide, is ; not dead after all. Since suit was I brought to compel tbe unwilling in.-ur \ ance companies to pay their policies, I detectives have bea.? investigating the case and now they claim that Tyler is alive and residing under an assumed named in Venezuela. His sister, who lives iu Boston, is said to have received a letter from him, and a relative, who claims to have seen this letter, has been in communication with the detectives with a view to selling his information, on which he has set a price. It is supposed that after his pretended death Tyler, who had only been rendered unconscious by powerful drugs, wa3 taken from New York to Boston, where a corpse was substituted for his. This was rendered possible, as he was not placed on the ice and no autopsy was made until the corpse reached Boston, and then the substitute readily parsed for Tyler, who is claimed to have sailed for Venezuela under an assumed name. The officers are working on this theory now, aud hope to locate Tyler before long, and, if possible, effect hia extradi? tion. XXIII.-'-NO. 33. About Blainc's Letter. Washington', i'eb. 2:,.?The BlaiL$ letter was really a surprise in political circles here, notwithstanding the numer? ous declarations by this one and that ore that ho had been expecting such an an? nouncement .ind was not unprepared fot it. Mr. Elaine has really had but little opportunity for consultation with his friends in this matter, and while he may have discussed the subject around tho edges either orally or by letter with some of the more intimate, it is believed the final step of issuing a letter of declination was made known to all of his friends or to the general public onlv by its publica? tion. Most naturally, Jkr. Sherman and other presidential canditates of the Re* publican party are glad to accept the letter as a peremptoty withdrawal without reservation, but they realize all the same thai, they are only taking counsel of thefc. hopes. Many other prominent Eepubli* cans here who can scarcely be looked upon as even dark horses, ajso, for ob*, vious reasons, assume that Mr. Blame means what he seems to say. Others, however, incline strongly to the vie? that Mr. Blaine is just as much in the. field as ever, but that his purpose is t?. avoid ail controversies over the election of delegates and in deliberations of the convention, and that he wishes the noroi* nation to come to him spontaneously, in which event there would be no excuse* for divisions in the parly, and the play of personal dislikes and resentments. Wise politicians consider that Mr. Blaine has shown infinite shrewdness in putting out his letter at this time, so far in advance, as it gives him masterly ad> vantages. It will be remembered that Mr. Tilden in 1S80 did not give his letter of declination of the presidential nomina? tion to the public until it was presented on the floor of the Democratic convention. The convention took him at his word and gave the nomination to Hancock. After* wards it was well established that Mr. Tilden really wanted the nomination,, and expected it to be given to him. Had his letter been made pubHc before the meeting of tho convention it, in all probability, would have resulted differ-^ entlyr In 1884 Mr. Tilden hesitated in' bis heart, although ostensibly giving out; that he could not take the nomination, and finally be did decide positively, and made his letter of an unequivocal charac* - ler because of the conclusion to which he : came that his life was rapidly drawing lo ? an end. No man of the nature and the sur? roundings of Mr. Blaine is capable of refusing the presidency if he believes it; to be in his grasp, and it requires no' j very careful reading between the lines of his letter to discover no sentence or word in it which precludes bringing his name before the Republican convention. The letter may be duly said to be a tribute to the strength of President Cleveland; before the country. As has been altogelh-. er understood in circles friendly to Mr,' Blaine, he would not run again unless fairly confident of some show of success. His letter gives hici the privilege/and is evidently so intended, of standing by it or of yielding gracefully to party demjflj^ There may bo those verdant encugn to. believe that Mr. Blaine has withdrawn from the race, but insiders know thai there will be no closer or more, wary watcher of the shaping of political events and prospects than he between now and j meetiogof the Republican convention, or more ready to take advantage of the situ? ation for his personal advantage.?Balti1 i timore Sun. The German Sabbath. i As everybody knows, Sunday is not kept as a day of rest on the continent of , Europe in the same sense in which it is kept in England or America. That is to. say, even those continental Protestants who think abstinence from toil, properly eo called, on the first day of the week a religious duty, differ greatly from Fngliah and American Protestants as to the way in which those who abstain from labor should pass the day. The view of the more rigid English and American Pro? testants is that not only are we bound not to follow our ordinary pursuits on Sunday, but we are bound not to amuse j ourselves, and to confine our reading to ' religious or devotional books or newepa | pers. In all the continental countries, ! aiong with readiness to he amused on I Sunday, comes also readiness to work, j It seems difficult, if not impossible, to j enforce a rule which allows the people i to play lawn tcnis, or go to the theater, { or ait in beer gardens, but forbids them j to work in factories or keep their shops I open. The experience of Germany, '. which has recently been collected, though i in a somewhat imperfect way, by a Prus '. bian government investigation, seems td J contain a great deal of instruction on this point. From returns obtained from thirty out of thirty-five provinces or j departments, containing 500,150 matru* : lecturing establishments and 1,582,591 j workmen, it was found that 57.75 per. j cent, of the factories kept at work on : Sunday. Oa the other band, the larger I number of the workmen, or 019,5C4 rest i on Sunday. As regards trade and trans ] portation, it was found that in 29 provin ] ces (out of 35) of 147,318 establishment* ? of one sort or another employing 245,061 : persons, 77 per cent, were open on Sun i day. and >? per cent, of the emplojeer* ; worked on that day, This state of things . has led to demand in Prussia for legists i lion absolutely prohibiting Sunday labor : With a view to such legislation a canvas of the persons interested, both employer? , and employed, has been made. Thej , were asked whether they were in favor o ( or opposed to total prohibition. It wai I found that of these consulted in th( i great factories or stores only 13 per cent j of the employers and IS per cent, of lh< j employed were in favor of total prohibi i tion. In the smaller industries only 1 1 per cent, of the employers and 21 percent of the employed were in favor of tota prohibition. In trade only 41 per cent of the employers and 39 per cent of th employed, and in transportation only 1 per cent, of the employers and 16 pe cant, of the employed were in favor c total prohibition, 'but they prove on thing with tolerable certanity, and that i that the footing of Sunday as a day c rest is aim oat as precarious in German as its fooling^as a day of religious oteerv