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BT E. B. MUKKA TeJa?hW Column, J. G. CLINKSCALES, Editor. Mr. W. H. Haynie is now teaching at New Prospect. Miss Nannie Harkness is teaching in Greenville now. We regret to lose Miss Nannie, but rejoice to know that her place at Neal's Creek is filled by Miss Annie Emerson, who has already shown herself proficient as a teacher. Though laboring under considerable disadvantages, Miss Lou Drake has done a good work at Ebenezer. Talk about "woman teachers ?" Why Miss Loa ] manages the boys of that school admira? bly well. Some male teachers have had trouble there. One trustee, having read our recent article on the duties of trustees, volunta? rily acknowledges his past derelictions -and aay3 he in tends to turn over a leaf and move up things in the future. Trustees can greatly assist in the man? agement of the free school if tbey will. . .. Laurens has declined to enter the Inter-County Institute with Anderson, Greenville and Picken3, this summer. Perhaps this is very well. Tbe strong delegation, sent up from these three counties will make things lively enough in Williamston for two week. Besides, there will be several teachers there from adjoining counties. The Institute will "fee a successions fail to be there. We are glad to know that Mr. E. B. Vickerj^ejU'known to the teachers of j this county and highly appreciated by the patrons of New Prospect School, is ?doing well at the North Georgia Military School, Dahlonega, Ga, Mr. Yickery ?knows i'uow to apply himself whether as a teaWter or a pupil. After he eball have finished his course of studies, An dersotfkJounty would be glad to have him numbered again among her teachers. We trust none of the teachers failed to see the programme for tbe next meeting of the Teachers' Association, which was published last w?ek in the Intelligen? cer. We intended to publish it in the Journal also, but, by an oversight, it was neglected until the Journal was in press. We do hope the teachers to whom sub? jects have been assigned will consider the subjects well and go to Belton Satur" day prepared to give as well as to receive benefit ? May 10th, the anniversary of Stone? wall Jackson's death, will be observed by Miss Nora Hubbard's School. Speeches suitable to the occasion will be delivered by the little boys, Col. L. Campbell! will speak on Camp-life, and two other per? sons wilL talk on Jackson and Lee. There will be songs, wand-drill, calis? thenics, etc., by the girls. After these exercises, tbe school -will go to both cemeteries and decorate the graves of all the old soldiers buried there. Elf GLISE A8 SHE IS SPOKEN. Suppose thaira young man or a young woman, or a boy or a girl, should become thoroughly in earnest in the effort to learn how to speak the English language ?correctly, what must such an one do? '"Use the dictionary," says one, and that . us good advice.- Next to having a father and mother who speak correctly, con ?stant use of the dictionary may be made ?the best means of acquiring correct -speech. But to talk according to tbe dictionary and the grammar is not neces .-sarily to talk good English. We have ?all known persons who, not having in? herited good speech, yet got a marvelous degree of correctness in the use of the mother tongue from the dictionary and the grammar; but their conversation smacked always of the dictionary and the grammar, and was, if not offensive to people of real culture, at least not pleasant to them. It was very apt to partake' of the inflated, the turgid, the pompous. The beat means left to most ofcorfar/learning what is best in pro? nunciation, in the choice of words, in general style, is to observe carefully the language of correct speakers. By this means one might best correct inherited defects, might even be saved from any undue influence of dictionary and grammar. But where can these correct speakers be found? That is a hard question, and, without attempting to an? swer it, we shall have a few words to say with regard especially to what those reverend gentlemen contribute to this end whose duty it is on this particular day to instruct us. Have we not a right to expect these public teachers to give us doctrine that shall edify in language that shall instruct? We knew one preacher once, in another State, who said that he considered it part of the teaching function of the Pastor to be careful of his grammar and pronuncia? tion, as well as of his doctrine. May his kind multiply! But unfortunately that Pastor Jost his church because he t did not "draw" as well as some of his "progressive" people thought he should. But are the preachers generally as careful as they should be of the language they use before their congregations, to three-fourths of whom they are, perhaps, the highest accessible authority on most matters? Our experience would not justify us in saying, Yes. We sat not long ago under the voice of one of the most highly cnltivated preachers in Nashville and remember that in this one sermon the speaker said shadder for shadow, rmeadeT for meadow, sorrer, for sorrow, idea for idea, pore for poor, yore for yonr, w'y for why and the balance for the rest. If preachers and all others who talk in public (and in private) would only remember to accent tbe second syllable in idea, ideal, idealism, inquiry, acumen, enervate, condolence, etc., how pleasant it would be to sensitive eirs. We never hear inquiry accented on the first syllable without remembering this little incident: A very distinguished Southern gentleman was to read a paper before the National Teachers' Association. One of tbe friends of this gentleman had observed that he always pronounced the word inquiry, and suggested to the writer of T & CO. this that he call his attention to it before he read the paper, as the Northern audience was supposed to be critical. It was done, and hearty thanks were re? ceived for the well meant suggestion. The time came, and the speaker went smoothly on till he came to the fatal word. He seemed about to pronounce it correctly, but old habit prevailed; he hesitated a moment, seemed about to stumble, then brought it on t in the old way, inquiry. And that reminds us of another inci? dent of the same occasion. A distin guished Georgian was reading a paper, and having occasion to use the word acumen several times regularly said acumen. Another Georgian sitting by our side reached over to a South Caroli? nian on the seat in front and said with unconscious irony, "What ccumen that man has I1' But to return to the subject. If public , speakers would only remember that ally is accented on the last syllable, harassing on the first; that 'most is never a proper substitute for almost; that there is no such word as un though tedly; that illy is obsolete; that like, for as or as if, is in? correct; that aggravate never means provoke; "that came and gave are the preterites of come and give; th'at in the common phrase "on yesterday" on is not only unnecessary, but wrong; tbat expect refers to the future and besides ought not to be made to do duty for suspect; that mighty should not now be used for veiy, however it may have been in Mil? ton's time?if these, and such things, wer6 remembered, how much better it would be for our good old mother tongue. It was not a bad lesson that a well known Pastor gave his people some time ago when he said, in making an announce? ment from the pulpit, "I expect?no, I mean to say I ?iwp??ct, that, etc." It would be well if it were remembered tbat when the preacher -refers to Mrs. Jones, be should say not Mistress, but Misses Jones. Many people imagine that they must pronounce the word in full as written, if they would be strictly correct, but there is no authority for such a pronunciation. It were well, too, if everybody could have heard the em? phatic way in whiich Dr. Summers used to Bay to the students, "We raise pigs, sir, not people." Perhaps some one might say the-Nash? ville pulpit does not make such mistakes. Ab, but we have Been a little note book, with names, etc., daily recorded, which tells a different tale. We shall close with four sentences heard from the lips of prominent preachers: "We owe a heap to those who give us good spiritual songs," "I'd a heap sight rather do any? thing than take up a collection," "How much exercise does a fellow get settin' around on the benches looking at eighteen other fellows playing base ball ?" "I was laying under the bench two weeks before I got religion." It is not meant that such thiDgs are common in our pulpits, but they ought not to be possible.? C. S. F., in Southern Christian Advocate. Needles, Pins and Fish Hooks. According to the most recent estimate, the present production of needles in Bedditch, England, is not less than 50, 000,000 per week, and as maybe inferred from this euormoos aggregate, machinery has been brought to bear upon the trade in a most extensive degree, and with marked success. The pointing of the needles, one of the most delicate of all the operations, is now almost exclusively done by machinery, and to is the cutting, skimming, stamping, eyeing, tempering, counting, heading and tailing, blueing, burnishing, finishing, assorting and stick* ing. New and improved machines for all these processes have been successfully introduced during the last twenty years or so, and unlike the experience of other trades, the machine work about needles is not only cheaper but better. The latest novelty, and one which is pronounced a success, is the "grooving," machine for making sewing machine needles, the old stamping process being thereby superseded. Work done by the "grooving" machine is better and truer, besides being more economical. The old process of ether gelding has been almost entirely superseded by the newer and improved method of electro gelding. Redd: tch is becoming a rival of Birming? ham in the manufacture of pins, the ordinary common household pin being supplemented by shawl and scarf pins, with glass and steel heads. About two tons weight of pins of all sorts are made in Eedditch weekly. According to the latest phase which ingenious enterprise ha3 taken in this trade, the production ought to increase by "leaps and bounds," for an attempt is being made to so recon? struct tbe-machines tbat they may pro? duce two pins at a time instead of one. j Redditch produces every week an average of 20,000,000 fish hooks of all descrip? tions, from that required by the angler of minnows in the streamlet to that adapted for pike and salmon fishermen. Machinery is very largely used in the manufacture of fish hooks, and in con? nection with the smaller class of sea hooks, electro tinning is being extensive? ly adopted. Fishing rods, floats and swivels now constitute important branch? es of Eedditch industry, and a consider? able trade is growing up in the produc? tion of artificial hies, which are exclu? sively band made.?American Analysis. Hoist by His Own Petard. Eeidsville, N. C, April 24.?The town was startled from its usual Sabbath serenity this afternoon by a loud explo? sion and cries for help. Mr. Willie Garner, a popular young citizen, last night set an old army gun with wires in his hen house to shoot thieves. This morning he forgot to lower the hammer, and walking about the lot this evening, thoughtlessly entered the heo house stepped on the wire and shot himself in the left foot. The doctors think they can save part of the leg. Mr. Garner has an interesting family, and was manager in Penn's tobacco factory. ? The Governors of 22 of the 38 States are Democrats and of 16 Republicans. Tho Legislatures stand 19 Republican and 19 Democratic. BILL ART'S LETTER. He Thirties There Is No Snoh Thing as tho "New South." The "Old South" is not dead by a long shot, and I am proud of it. Just lot anybody come out with a fling at her and her friends come out like hornets from a nest. Professor Tillett, of the Vander bilt University, has been ventilating his sophomoric opinions in the Century, and belittleing the grand old gentlemen of the olden time as "dependent idlers" and "gentlemen idlers," and says they were little more than "overseers of the blacks." He asserts that "all our advancement *n industry and prosperity, and education, and literature, and morals, and religion is due to the emancipation of the .white man from his bondage to idleness, which is inseparable from the ownership of slaves." I don't know who this Professor is, nor where he was born, but the spirit of his article is a foul slander upon the old South. He either knew nothing about her or he is just writing for buncombe. Just such a tissue of misconception and misrepresentation was never gotten to? gether?not even by Cable. The Christian Advocate, of Nashville, seems to be intensely disgusted, and says. "Is it all new ? Was there no man? hood until now ? Were tbe great names that we revered only the creatures of fancy?the myths that appear in the early history of all barbarous people? Were Washington and Jefferson and Madison mere creatures of a mythologic age. Were Jackson, and Clay, and Cal houn, and Benton, and Macon, and Polk, and Bell, and Stephens, and Crittsnden the demi-gods of a prehistoric race? Is it a delusion that Taylor, and Hous? ton, and Crockett, and Travis, and Lee, and Jackson, and Sidney Johnston, and Stuart, and Morgan, and Forrest be? longed to the old South ? Who are the men that now lead the new South, but the men who led the old South ? Who represent ua in the -halls of Congress, and who administer our State Govern? ments ? Who run our railways, and fac? tories, and furnaces, and educational in? stitutions? In a word, what is there that is good in the new South that was not rooted in the old South ?" - Then tbe Christian Index takes it up and says: "We belong to the new South and hope to keep abreast of her in all her progress in what is good. But we also belong to j the old South and are proud of her his* j tory. We acknowledge our present as the offspring of our past and not of some? body else's past. What there is good in us is not of Puritan origin. The Puri trns are welcome to their own glory, but they shall not appropriate ours. We shall transmit to our posterity what we received from our forefathers?the his? tory, traditions, character and blood of the cavalier." But the most elaborate aod admirable reply to Professor Tillett comes from Dr. B. F. Ward, in the Mississippi Clarion. It is grand, it is eloquent and convincing. It is worthy to be preserved in every scrap book. It swells the heart of the true Southerner with pride. He reads it and feels good and reads it again. He Bays in the outset that "the professor is skirmisbiog to bring himself within the scope of the gale which has recently given such a graceful swell to the sails of Mr. Grady, but unfortunately his zeal is net tempered with tbe vein of native loyalty which tingles through the elo? quence of Georgia's gifted and popular editor." He says in his summing up for a period of 64 years, from 1789 to 1853, tbe South furnished eight Presidents whose terms covered 52 years. She furnished four? teen Secretaries of State, eleven Secreta? ries of War, thirty-nine Presidents of the Senate, thirty-one Speakers of the House, two Chief Justices of great eminence, twenty-nine Associate Justices, twenty one Attorney Generals and ninety nine ministers to foreign countries. There is no new South. The term is a misnomer and a myth. It is simply a phrase costume in which old prejudices masquerade through modern prints seek? ing to pervert the education of Southern children into the convictions that their ancestors, if not criminal, were little more than a race of idlers, blunderers, blockheads and failures. The literature left by our statesmen will Btand as monu? ments of wisdom and models of classical lore. In all the departments of govern? ment, in law, literature and science, while the South has boasted of no great army of writers, she has furnished the minds productive of the grandest results to the country and the world. * * * When a prolific little animal, vain of her progeny, twitted the lioness for nure ing only one, the noble beast replied: "Yes, only one?but it is a lion." Dr. Ward closes his splendid defense by saying: "Does this order of men spring from a race of idlers whose energies have been emasculated by the curee of slavery. * * * * * Let Southern parents look to the education of their boys, and act with circumspection when the friends of education comes to us 'bearing gifts' in the hope of endowments for Southern Universities, where the boys are to be taught to forget history and blush for tbe character and deeds of their ancestors." That's it; that's it exactly, that's what I have been thinking for lo these many years,, and what I have been trying to say, but no man has ever said it as well as Dr. Ward. I know him personally, and was his guest at Winona, Mississippi. I felt that I was communing with a thinker, a philosopher, a Southerner of the old school, a type of the grand men that the old South produced and.the new South will not produce and cannot produce. I affirm this humbly, consci? entiously and with faith?reluctant faith?that our present methods, will not and cannot produce as grand and noble men as tbe last half century before tbe war produced. I do not mix it with the slavery queation, but with other ques? tions more radically significant. I have only copied a scrap from Dr. Ward's defence of the old Soutb, her men and measures, her patriotism, her integrity, her Ptatesmahship, but if I had my way I would have it published as a classic and have it planted in every school and ANDERSON, S. C, college in tbe South as an authority not to be questioned. I say to my children: "There is no taint upon your ancestry. There was no curse in slavery. Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a romantic lie and the whole fanatical crew revelled in slavery?but slavery had its day and served its purpose. Its time was cut? let it be out. We are glad of it if it was the will of Providence, but be careful lest a worse evil befall us. Let us fortify and entrench againsi the love of money, which tbe Bible tells us is the root of all evil." We want no more of slavery. It bad its mission, not its sin nor its curse, but its mission both to white and to black, and we are content. Here are a whole lot of fools who strut around on speculators' money and say let the old Sooth alone, she's a dead dog and stinks. I heard a bloated bondhold? er say that not long ago, and in the same conversation he bragged about a painting be bought at Stuart's sale, and eaid it was 300 years old. We will talk about tbe old South just as much as we please, and no man shall make us afraid. We lore old things, anyhow. They are the best. The poet says: "I love it, I love it, and who shall dare To chide me for loving that old arm chair." There is Old Hundred and Old Lang Syne, and here are the old trees and tbe old landmarks and the old men and old women with good old honest habits and limited desires, who indulge in no folly and hanker after no big thing, but live calm and serene and covet nothing but the happiness of their children. I see that Mr. Barnett has presented a shingle that is a hundred years old to the agri? cultural department. I expect it pad? dled bis grandfather, and is therefore a sacred relic of the old South. The new South don't paddle much. But the school teachers do thrash around some in these parts. Carl was telling me to? day how the teacher whipped one of the boys yesterday. "I tell you what, papa, that boy got forty-nine licks, for I counted 'em, and he never blinked nor winked, and set down laughing." "Why, he is a tough one," said I, "he must have a hide like an alligator." "No, sir," said Carl, "but he bad on a big, loose jeans coat, and he held back his shoulders so that the coat never touched him, and nothing got a whipping but the coat." Smart boys these days, and shifty. The old South may whip, but the new South knows how to dodge. Bill Arp. Profitable Politeness. The Boston .Traveller, in commenting On the prevalence of rudeness, tells the following incident that happened several years ago: There was a plainly-dressed elderly lady, who was a frequent customer at the then leading dry goods house in Boston. No one in tbe store knew ?her even by name. All the clerics but one avoided her, and gave their attention to those who were better dressed and more pre? tentious. Tbe exception was a young man who had a conscientious regard for duty and system. He never left another customer to wait on the lady, but when at liberty, he waited on her with as mach attention as if she had been a princess. This continued a y;ar or two, till the young man came of age. One morning the lady approached the young man, when the following conversation took place: "Young man, do you wish to go into business for yourself?" "Yes, ma'am," he replied, "but I have neither money, credit, nor friends." "Well," continued the lady, "you go and select a good situation, ask what the rent is and report to me," handing the young man her address. The young man found a splendid loca? tion and a good store; but the landlord required security which he could not give. Mindful of the lady's request he forthwith went to her and reported. "Well," she replied. "You go and tell Mr.-that I will be re? sponsible." He went; the landlord or agent was surprised, but the bargain was closed. The next day the lady called to ascer? tain the result. Tbe young man told her, and added: "What am I to do for goods ? No one will trust me." "You may go and see Mr. and Mr.-, and Mr. and tell them to call on me." He did so, and his store was soon stocked with the best in tbe market. There are many in this city who remem? bered tbe circumstances and the man. He died many years ago and left a for? tune of $3,000,000 dollars. So much for politeness; so much for treating one's elders with the deference due to age, in whatever garb they are clothed. How and When to Water Horses. If the owners of horses would bear in mind the fact that the stomach of a horse will contain only from twelve to sixteen quarts, and that, therefore, a pailful of water will fill tbe stomach of an ordinary animal, much colic?nd indi? gestion would be avoided. The giving of water is not less important than feed? ing. During a journey, and especially in hot weather, tho team should be allowed to drink at every opportunity if they will. But at no time should they be allowed to fill themselves with water. Four quarts is enough at any time, unless a long distance has been driven. Then four quarts is enough for the first draft. At tbe end of twenty minutes each horse should be allowed a pailful if he will drink it. Generally he will not do so, but if allowed be may take two or three pailsful at the first draft, and always to his damage. Tbe water drank does not remain in tbe stomach. It passes into tbe large intestine and thence to the bowels, being taken up along tbe passage by the absorbents. If large quantities of water are given, ?be horse sweats or stales profusely, and the system is depleted. Colic, indigestion and other complications arising from improper watering and feeding kill more horses than all other causes combined. ? Before the wedding day she was dear and he was her treasure, but after? ward she became dearer and he treasurer. THURSDAY MORN] AN OBNOXIOUS BEAU. ! Bill h'ye Advises a Young Lady What to do. Boston, Feb. 27, 1887. Mr. Nye: I have enjoyed all your writings in the Globe ever so much, and noticing that you have given a great deal of advice free, I thought that pos? sibly you would tell me the best method of getting rid of an impertinent young man, whose room is much preferable to his company. Hoping that I do not intrude on your valuable time. Yours truly, You do not say why you wish to get rid of the young man, nor do you state what is tbe matter with him; whether he is a poor conversationalist or too fluent in that Hue; whether tbe first two joints of his finger and thumb are yellow with cigarette stains, or what his leading characteristics are. Possibly he has fatty degeneration of the thinker. H ever, you say he is an impudent young man, and I infer that you have gone through the preliminaries of gentle scorn and such things as that. Now, what shall we do to make him fully un? derstand that you do not want him to re? main? Perhaps you have such a thing as a younger brother about the house. If so, bring him in and let him toy with the young man a few hours. Yoti can ex* cuse yourself while you ostensibly put on your other dress, and if you delay long enough you can cause the young man a great deal of intense suffering. You can take the right kind of a younger brother, with inflammatory hair and white eyes and warts on his thumbs and season cracks in tbe back of his bands, and if you properly "sick" the boy on his prey and fasten the door securely you can come back in an hour and do anything you want to with that young mau. I know this to be true, for I have been the young man myself. I have also been tbe boy. other indignities. I have known a young man who infes? ted a house that way to be eradicated by means of very sad music. They do not die in the house. Another plan would be to avoid laugh? ing at his funny anecdotes. Wait till he gets through with his anecdote and looks up in your eyes for a twinkle of merri? ment That IB the time to refrain from twinkling. Wait till he gets to the nub of the joke, as it were, and picks up his ears to listen for a wild burst of silvery laughter. That ia the time to hang on to your silvery laughter. It wilj give him a pained expression of countenance, and you will see him soon after look at his watch. When be completes his story, suddenly wake up and ask him if that is all. Few men can endure this for over two weeks. Of course there are other and more radical methods of accomplishing tbe result you wish, but these are the ones more common in the best society. I naturally supposed that you wanted the methods used in the best society, or you would have gone elsewhere instead of coming to me. Should you finally wish to be more severe, however, you can invite a young girl to be present during the young man's stay. I would suggest that this young girl be a fluent talker on tbe subject of clothes. If you both keep the talk going pretty well while the young man looks at the album or gazes with a fixed stare through a sterescope that hasn't any pic? tures in it, you will aoon have his pacbydermic pelt on the fence. A bare possibility. But there is a bare possibility that this young man is in love.with you, and would think it humorous even if you were to fill him full of fine shot. In that case I do not know what you ought to do. Love is a strong missive. It goes where it is not Bent and it refuses to go where it is sent. If you could get him away by himself, it would be well enough, perhaps, to ask him if he loves you. That's the way I would do. The quicker a matter of that kind is disposed of the better. Ask him in a manly way if such is the case, and if he really doss love you, and has reason to.believe that you were paying attention to him all this time, you can? not in honor deseit him now. Do not be discouraged. Let me know how you get on with the suggestions I have made above and I am confident we will succeed. Have you ever tried wearing a large, tall hat with a stuffed blue-jay in it to the theatre and Bitting iu the seat just in front of him ? Try it if you have not done so already, and if you do not get rid of him, as well as a great number of law abiding citizens, write me and I will suggest something else. Yours truly, Bill Nye. Kaffir Corn, Kaffir corn is nothing like ordinary corn ; it resembles milo maize, but baa a dwarfer habit and matures earlier. It and milo maize have been widely adver? tised as forage crops; we value them more for their seed, which are about as valuable as ordinary corn for stock feed. If not more valuable than corn, why plant them auks one. Because they stand drought better, and will make a crop where corn will utterly fail. If one is forced to rely upon thin uplands to make corn, be had better plant Kaffir corn or an early maturing strain of millo maize, rather than common corn. The former is much more certain to produce a crop under the conditions mentioned? especially in a dry season?than the lat? ter. Plant corn on bottom lands and on fresh rich lands, bub confine it to these, and Kaffir corn on thin uplands. To those who have never cultivated the latter, we may say, its culture is similar to that of ordinary sorghum?nothing peculiar or difficult about it.?TT. L. Jones, in Soulhern Cultivator. ? Intelligence from the Holy Land informs us that in Jerusalem, in the streets once trod by King David, may be heard the shrill whistle of the steam engine. The city has, in tbe last twenty five years, doubled its number of build? ings and iu other respects keeps pace ? with the great cities of the modern world. :NG, MAY 5, 1887. Memoirs of Leo. Gen. A. L. Long, of Charlottaville, Va., who ia now totally blind, and who, during the late war, waa first, Gen. Lee's Military Secretary, then on bis personal staff, and then Brigadier General to the close of hostilities, baa just completed the "Memoirs of Robert E. Lee," con* taining the life, actions and character, private as woll as military, of that grand personage. It is, indeed, nearer ao autobiography than any work hitherto published, aud contains many important and interesting facts, both of a private and public nature, that have never here? tofore come to light. The book is bound in one elegant volume of 700 pages and the price is $3.75. It is sold by subscrip? tion only, and Mr. Jas. B. Yillepigue, of this city, is the agent. It has been concisely said that "great men, great events and great epochs grow as we recede from them." This is emi? nently and demonstrably true as regards the immortal Robert Lee. True, he confronts posterity with the disadvan? tage of having jailed?haviDg been the leader of an unsuccessful military move? ment ; and with this downfall then there was a collapse of a great political move? ment. While "nothing succeeds like success"?by common consent success being the touchstone of merit?success being a virtue and failure, a vice?and while he, less fortunate than the success? ful General of the opposing army, was overtaken by death before be could com? plete his design of writing and publish? ing to the world his personal narrative of the important events in which he figured, yet, in future ages, his fame, in the North and in foreign lands, as it now does in the South, will repose in the niche of the temple of fame, not only as the greatest Christian soldier and mili? tary chieftain in ancient or modern times, but the greatest man according to the true standard of greatness, that ever lived! How striking is the contrast between him and .the man to whom he was compelled, by superior forces, to surrender his sword at Appoioattox, 22 years ago! Notwithstanding the great success to which Gen. Grant attained in military as well as in political! life, yet there is no way to compare the Christian character and military genius of the two men, except by contrast. Indeed, if there was no trace of the character of Gea. Lee, save the private let? ter written by him before the war to his eldest son, G. W. Custis Lee, when the latter was away from home at school, yet it, of itself, written as it was, by a father who was then unknown to fame and who, doubtless, had not the slightest idea that it would ever be seen by any other eye than his son's, contains more evidence of true greatness than the whole of Gen. Grant's life combined 1 An extract of it is published in this book, at page 464, and is as follows : "You must study to be frank with the world; frankness is the child of honesty and courage. ? Say just what you mean to do on every occasion, and take it for granted you mean to do right. If a friend asks a favor, you should grant it if it is reasonable; if not, tell him plainly why you cannot; you will wrong him and wrong yourself by equivocation of any kind. Never do a wrong thing to make a friend or keep one; the man who requires you to do so is dearly bought at a sacrifice. Deal kindly, but firmly, with all your classmates; you will find it the policy which wears best. Above all, do not appear to others what you are not. If you have any fault to find with any one, tell him, not others, of what you complain; there is no more dangerous experiment of being one thing than that of undertaking to be one thing before a man's face and another behind bis back. We should live, act, and say nothing to the injury of anyone. It is not only better as a matter of principle, but it is the path of peace aud honor. In regard to duty, let me, in conclusion of this hearty letter, inform you that, nearly a hundred years ago, there was a day of remarkable gloom and darkness, still known as the "dark day"?a day when the light of the sun was slowly extinguished as if by an eclipse. The Legislature of Connecticut was in ses? sion, and as its members saw the unex? pected and unaccountable coming on they shared in the general awe and ter? ror. It was supposed by many that the last day, the day of judgment, had come. Some one, in the consternation of the hour, moved an adjournment. Then there arose an old Puritan Legislator, Davenport, of Stamford, and said that if the last day had come he desired to be found at his post his duty, and therefore moved that candles be brought in, so that the House could proceed with its duty. There was quietness in that man's mind?the quietness of heavenly wisdom and inflexible willingness to obey pres? ent duty. Duty, then, is the sublimest word in our language. Do your duty in all things, like the old Puritan. You cannot do more?you should never wish to do less. Never let me and your mother wear one gray hair for any lack of duty on your part." Comment on this letter is useless as it is so full of aphoristic wisdom, Christian principle, and breathes such a high sense of duty and honor. And parents cannot make a more solid investment than to purchase the life of this grand man for their children to read.?Chas. P. Barrett, in the Spartanburg Spartan. The Work of a Moment. Did you ever write a letter, and just as you are finishing it let your pen fall on it, or a dnp of ink blot the fair page? It was the work of a moment, but the evil could not be effectually effaced. Did you ever cut yourself unexpectedly and quickly ? It took days or weeks to heal the wound, .and even then a scar remain? ed. It is related?of Lord ,Brougham, a celebrated English nobleman, that one day be occupied a conspicuous place in a group to have his photograph taken. But at an unfortunate moment he moved. The picture was taken, but his face was blurred. Do you ask what application we would make of these facto? Just this: "It takes a lifetime to build a character; it only takes one moment to destroy." "Watch and pray," therefore, "that ye enter not into temptation," Hattie, the Female Fireman. New Haven, Conn, April 24.?There is one branch of labor that has not been invaded by women to any extent. While she, in search of employment, becomes a telegraph operator, ticket agent, typeset? ter, typewriter clerk, saleswoman, aud even newspaper editor aad reporter, it has been supposed that she never aspired to be either an engineer or a fireman on a locomotive. But Bridgeport holds a woman in the person of Hattie Morgans, who has seen but twenty-three years, and who has been stoker in England and Engineer on a freight engine in Connec* ticut. She has bright colored, banged hair, large dark eyes, and, although ber face is weather-beaten, she is quite hand? some. She is rather masculine in appear? ance and of a determined expression of character. Her story runs as follows: About five years ago, while she was living in London, she fell in love with Tom Winnan, an engineer on the "Fly? ing Scotchman," an express train which runs between London and Edinburgh. She loved bim fondly, and was never happy except when he was near her. She was anxious to be constantly with bim, and it was arranged between them that she should become his fireman. So she arrayed herself in a course suit of men's clothing, and was at once transformed into a handsome young fireman. Day after day she attended to her duties, and the ponderous engine, No. 362, with its sev* enfoot drivers, to do the mile a minute act over the heavy metals. Both she acid Tom kept their secret well, and she and Tom were to be married. Bnton one black day Tom was killed by being run over by a shunted car, arid he died in less than an hour with his head in Hattie's lap. Iu her anguish her secret was revealed. She left England, which bad no more happiness for her, and came to this coun? try. She bad some money, but it soon dwindled away, and she found that she must do something. So again disguising herself she applied for a fireman's posi? tion on a locomotive on a Connecticut railroad. She served nearly two years acceptably, and has been given a freight engine. As she bad a seventy four mile run and 27 was the number of her engine, it is believed that ber run wan on the New York division of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Kailroad. She work very well and showed her skill when her engine got out of repair. She was finally given the day express to run, and while there sho killed two men. One was walking on the track and she blew the whistle repeatedly, but he paid no atten? tion and the engine struck and mangled him. The other man undertook to drive his wagon over a grade crossing, and both he and his horse were mutilated past recognition. These accidents broke Hattie Morgans all up. She was exonerated by the offi? cials, but she could not sleep, and she says the men constantly appeared before her. Finally she was running engine No. 120 with a fast express at the rate of fifty miles an hour. Far ahead on the track she saw something which she thought was a piece of newspaper. As she neared it she saw it was a little child playing with the dirt aud stones. II? little life was crushed out on the instant. Hattie tried her beat to reverse tbe enginf, but in vain. When the train stopped the engineer almost fainted. That was her last trip. The little child haunted her day and night, and she bad a severe fit of sickness. Then she re? sumed her proper dress. She is now engaged to be married to an engineer wbo has charge of a sixty horse power engine in a large factory not far from New Haven. She hopes on her wedding tour to visit England and show her husband the "Flying Scotchman," where she received her first lessons in railroading. But she can never, she says, forget tbe lives that were crushed out when she stood in the cab and sent the locomotive along at almost lightning speed. A Beaver's Instinct. An old hunter living in tbe Crazy Mountains caught a young beaver noon after its birth and carried it to his cabin, where he gradually made a great pet of it. As tbe youngster approached matu? rity he got to building dams, and each morning the hunter found his cabin floor divided by a dam that reached from wall to wall, the component parts of which were firewood, boots, articles of clothing and other movable articles in the bouse that could be reached or transported. To add to the confusion, a basin or bucket of water, if possible, was capsized and flood? ed over the floor. This little animal, wbo had never seen a steam or dam to know either, was busily at work engaged in doing what his forefathers had done ft thousand years before him. While all other game or fur bearing animals of the Northwest are likely to be exterminated without a dissenting voice, the poor little harmless and hardworking beaver has found a fast friend in the cat? tlemen aud herd owners. The reason is obvious. In this great dry country and climate tbe streams and water-holes on ranges are few and far between. Mois? ture is the cattle man's greatest want. Now, a beaver destroys nothing but trees, and as there are few of the latter on tbe great treeless plains of Montana, the beaver, of necessity lives on shrubs and roots and builds his dam where be may. This just suits the cattle men, who finds in the insignificant little quadruped, compared to his 1,000 pound streets, a most valuable ally in providing poods and drinking places where there were none before. ? A man who was convicted at the last term of Columbus (N. C.) County Court for slandering an innocent woman plead drunkenness as an excuse, but Judge Clark sentenced him all the same to the payment of $1,000 fine and also to a month's imprisonment. This is a sample of North Carolina justice worthy of widespread imitation in Courts called on to protect women from slanderous tongues. ? Virtue requires no other recompense than the tribute of self-approbation and respect. VOLUM] Some Facts for Vegetarians. A vegetable'diet isJ400.'orJ500 per cent, cheaper than the same amount of food derived from the flesh of animals. The animals which for power of en* durance and rapidity of motion are val? ued for our service derive the whole of their strength and nutriment from the vegetable kingdom?such a3 the hortet the elephant, the camel. The physical condition of many flesh* eaters shows that the blood itself is load? ed with impurities and is in a state of decomposition, and that persons whose blood is in this impure state are liable, on very slight exposure, etc., to be attack? ed with dangerous illness. That this condition is caused by flesh-mating is shown from the fact that it i? quickly changed by the adoption of a vegetable diet. The flesh-eating habits of the so-called civilized world render necessary the set? ting apart of a whole class of men for the performance of the degrading and bru? talizing office of slaughtering animals for food. Were it not for the large quantities of vegetables consumed by flesh eaters disease would ensue in every case. Veg? etables supply the salts of the blood. The peasantry of all nations abstain from animal food?wholly or in part? from necessity. Their vigor is greater than that of any other class in every couutry. Meat is the most costly of all foods, and among civilized races the struggle for life rages to so fearful an extent that human beings shorten life by the effort tbey make to save it. The average age of man should be a centurry. The majority of human beings die before tbey are half as old. The longest-lived are those) who feed on ce? reals. Vegetarian diet, by contributing to the physical health of man, improves likewise bis moral condition, besides conducing in no small degree to the healthy devel* opment of the intellectual faculties, since it must naturally foUow that by rendering the instrument clear and pure, the acts of life will be materially elevated, also being identified with that which is clear and pure. He Saw his Wife's ?host. New Haven, Conn., April 25.?? Charles L. Beecher, of No. 16 Mill street, who committed suicide yesterday, is now believed by many to have been driven to hU death by a belief that he was haunted by the ghost of his wife. The fact that he took so much pains in preparing for bis death is thought to in? dicate that bis mind had given way. He first shot his pet dog and then seated himself in an easy chair and took aim through the medium of a hand-mirror and put a bullet through hin head. He had previously told some of his neigh? bors that he could not live in the bouee owing to the frequent appearance of the spirit of his wife, who died about three months ago. He said that her figure, increased to twice its usual size, appeared to him on the wall of his room very often. The vision always seemed to be carrying a babe in it-t arms, aud this, he said, was the figure of an infant that his wife had lost. Corroboration of the ghost story was given by a 16 year-old girl named Collar, who lives in the house adjoining the one occupied by Beecher. This girl, together with a servant employed in the bouse of L. L. Camp near by, went into Beecher's house one evening at his invitation to see the ghost. Miss Collar says that a huge figure like a shadow did appear on the wall carrying a babe in its arms. Beecher sat in his chair and pointed to the apparition, exclaiming: "There she is; there's my wife." Miss Collar says that she ran up to the wall and slapped the vision, but when she did so it moved off to another portion of the wall, and when she repeated the slapping operation the same thing took place. The servant girl who was with her says that she too saw the figure. Beecher has been seen moving things out of the house of late. Some say he did not treat his wife well towards the end of her life. When she died, one of the neighbors went to Medical Examiner White and told him that the case would bear investigation, but nothing ever came of it. Beecher was once a very well-to-do boot and shoe dealer here. The Wrong Card. Most people in the cities have seen the cards with "I'm something of a liar my* self which practical jokers delight to produce when'tough stories are told in their presence. One of these cards caus? ed trouble the other day at a christening in the lower end of Peoria. Mother, father and infant were on hand, also the godfather. The good old priest proceed* ed with the ceremony until it was neces? sary to name the child. The godfather, as usual in such cases, had written the name on a card, and when the ceremony had reached this point he dived into his vest pocket and handed out one. The priest took it and a look of horror came over bis face. The godfather turned a fiery red, went down in his pocket again, reached out another card, banded it to the priest and received in return the one he had first given the good man, and the ceremony proceeded without further in? terruption. The one he had first handed to the priest read: "I am something of a liar myself."_ Killed by a Calf. Monticelle, III., April 27.?Near Mansfield, in this county, yesterday af? ternoon J. H. Burns, a wealthy farmer, was painting the shingles of his new barn, which three men were nailing down. All four were standing on aj bracket scaffold twenty feet from the ground. A calf running at large with a rope around its neck managed to wrap the rope several times around one of the posts used to support the scaffolding, jerked the post away and the men fell upon loose rocks scattered below. Burns was instantly killed and one of his men named Newton was fatally hurt, but the other two escaped serious injury. ? About 25,000 clerks and other em ployees in Chicago are obliged to work on Sunday. E XXII. -NO. 43. Ground Down. An old negro wbo had been engaged to do work on a farm went to tbe pro? prietor tbe day after be was employed and said : "Boss, skuze me, sab, but dare er few p'nts dat I furgot to ax yer yist'day. All aber dis bcah country, sab, Fee asid tor be de bcs' ban* ou er farm, and I wants ter bab er little understands* wid yer. Dar's some thins, sab, dat yer musn't' 'spect me ter do." "What are they ?" "Well, sah, yer musn't 'spect mo ter pull fodder." "All right." "Nur get out cabbage plants." "Well, as you are regarded as the most trustworthy man in tbe neighbor* hood I will relieve you from such dei? ties." "Thank yer, sah, but wait er mini!. Nor turn de grind stone." "Well." "Nur draw water fur de steers." "Go ahead." "Yes, sab, thankee. Nur git up befo' day, nur chop stove wood, our he'p kill bogs, nur plow, nur hoe cotton, nur?" "Hold ou." "Wall, sab." "What do you propose to do ?" "W'y, work on de farm, sab, but I musn't clean out de well, nur feed do stock, nur cut wheat, nur?" "Hold on. I don't want you." "Why so, sah!" "Because you don't want to work." "Dar yer go, jes' like all de res' o' d? wbite folks. Say dat a nigger doan wan ter work jest bercase he doan wanter kill hisse'f. Long ez hejis gits right down an' humps hisse'f ter death da doan say er word, but soon ez he says dat he ain't willin' ter die, w'y den d? comes roun' making' er big mouf er bout it." "Well," said the proprietor after a ' moment's reflection, "as I need a man to see that tbe other hands do their work well, yon may go ahead." "Bleeged ter yer, sab, deed I is. I'll m&ke yer de bes' oberseer yer eber seed cane I's all us got de intrust o' de' prieter at heart. Hole on, boss ; jes er nudder word, please sab." "Well, what is it?" "What sorter whisky does yer drink ?" "I don't drink any." "But what kine is yer goin' ter turn me loose er muug?" "None." "Ain't gwineter hab er barr'l wid er tin cup on it ?" "Of course not." "Den, sab, we kan't trade. White folks' specks er nigger ter work bio life er way widout gittin' any fresbments. No use'n talkin',' sob ; dar aint no finit ness twixt us." Why the Knights of Labor Oppose In? dulgence in Intoxicants. We advocate temperance because we believe in tbe principle that underlies all progress from a lower to a higher plane of existence?the integrity of the indi? vidual. No one can be ignorant of tbe close union that exists between tbe physical, the mental and tbe moral constitution. No one can be ignorant of the degrading influence of intoxicants upon the physi? cal and moral man. The effect of beer and liquor is to pro? duce disease of tbe nerve centres. If these become impaired they convey false and wrong impressions to the brain as well as paralyze tbe motor or moving agents of the body. In short, they tell lies. The truth is not in them. They convey fa I bo intelligence and destroy reason. The drunkard believes his de? voted wife his enemy and beats her to death. The love he bears his child la turned to hate, and he turns her naked into the winter storm. Iotosicants gradually undermine the moral integrity and leave the victim open to every temptation. Once the barrier is weakened that guards the path of truth and rectitude the man falls an easy prey to vice. Tbe man who lives a temperate, honest life lends hia influence to build np i, higher degree of civilization, and to create that centre from which radiateti those virtues which lend a charm to ex? istence, a happy home. These are a few of the reasons why wo advocate temperance, and no one car; look abroad without viewing the crime, degradation, murder, theft, that prevail in the precincts of saloons. We want to see every member of the Knights olf Labor living ont the best, the trues); thoughts and impulses God bestowed.? Journal of United Labor. Whiskey the Can&?. Waycross, Ga., April 25.?Owen Griffin and Martin Wilds, a couple olf young married men living near here, received by express a jug of whisky from, Savannah, and after imbibing with other friends in town they started down thci Brunswick and Western : .ilroad for home, carrying the "little brown jog" under their arm. They soon become tired and Griffin lay down by the road? side, while Wilds occupied the entire track, using one of the rails for a pillow. They fell to sleep, and the west bound passenger train came along, and as il. was then about 10 o'clock it was very dark, and tbe engineer, not seeing the sleeping men, ran over him, entirely sev? ering his head from his body and drag? ging the body for some distance, totally demolishing it to on unrecognizable shape, scattering part of it for fifty yards along the rail. The coroner's jury exonhorates Griffin of any blame. The deceased leaves a wife and two children, as well as many friends and relatives to mourn hia untimely end. Cause, whisky, ? Congressman Scott of Erie ia oaid by the Burlington (N. J.) Gazette to be willing to bet $50,000, that President Cleveland will be nominated without serioua opposition and re-eleced at the proper time. Furthermore, he is said to be willing to wager a similar sum that the Republican party will make no presiden? tial nominations after 1892. The theory upon which the last wager is to be laid it that another defeat will disintegrate tr.fi Republican party, which Charles 8. Wolfe insists is held together now only by the hope of a victory in 1886,