University of South Carolina Libraries
BY E. B. MURRAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C, THURSDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 16, 1886._ VOLUME XXII.?NO. 19. OUR STOCK IS IMMENSE I The Largest Line Ever Carried by one Firm in the TJp-Conatry! . $35,000 WORTH IN OUR TWO STORES. WE MUST UNtOAO?CALL EARLY. Ladies' Newmarkets, Dolmans and Short Wraps At Popular Prices. Misses and (Mdrens Cloaks in Great Variety. ifc .-1? Elegant Line of Dress Goods. j . - ? \ . : We can.show you the handsomest line at 10, 12 1-2, 15, 20, 25, worth at least 5c more on the yard, but we cannot afford to carry them. We w?l sell you a Beautiful Line of Wool Lace, At 15c per yard?others ask 25c. TO ARRIVE, We are expecting daily a line of KID GLOVES, all shades and sizes. Others ask $1.00 to $1.25 for them. We are going to run them for 75c. We can recommend them. SHOES FOE. EVERYBODY. Men's, Women's and Children's. Women's Polkas for 75c. Children's from 25c up. Gent's in Calf, Congress* Bals. or Buttons for $2.00, W?rth fuUy $3.00. . . .... ...... I BeautiM line Rcture Frames, Oil Paintings, etc. Om STOOr OF GROCERIES. 400 barrels Flour, the finest quality Cream Cheefie, and everything you want at prices to suit the times. THE CLOTHING BUSINESS. TfiT DRY GOODS BUSINESS! . The Largest Stock of FALL AND WINTER GOODS Now on hand since the commencement of our business. J. P. SULLIVAN & CO. Our stock Clothing larger than ever. ? .'. Our stock Dry Goods larger than ever. Our determination to sell Cheaper than ever. The prettiest in the market. . DRESS GINGHAMS, CASHMERES, TRECO GOODS, and everything. . Don't fail to come in?we will take pleasure in showing you through our entire stock. COFFEE?always the best. a ;?? ?m j-p- sul^ivan & co. Sept 23,1886 II 3m ATTENTION! WE desire to call attention to our Stock of General Merchandise. We are sell? ing everything very close, and. will sell REGARDLESS OF COST For next ninety days?consisting of EVERYTHING kept in a General Merchan? dise Store. We give especial attention to buying FLOUR and GROCERIES, and can meet any competition. look at our wagqbts and buggies. We CAN and WILL sell you as low as any one. A few sets of HARNESS that must be sold. A WORD TO THOSE WHO OWE US For Supplies and Merchandise, Fertilizers, Horses and Mules. The same are now due, and we MUST have our money, as we need it. All Notes -and Accounts for Fertilizers must be paid by November 1st. We will not indulge you any longer. CTJKfOTGHAM, FOWLER & COOLER . Cct 14,1886_ 14 TIDINGS OP COMFORT AND JOY. WE ARE NOW SELLING THE BEST CARRIAGES, PESTONS, BUGGIES AND WAGONS , In Anderson for the Least Money, QUALITY being considered, and would be pleased to have you call on us before you purchase and get price*. We have just received a Car Load of Fine Side Bar Buggies, and other styler, which we will offer at LOWER PRICES than ever before heard of in this market. last, but not least, All persons who owe us one cent must settle with us before November 15, 1886 for we will put our books and papers in the hands of an Officer for collection on I that date. We mean what wo say, and a word to the wise is sufficient. REED & STEPHENS, Main Street, between the University and Public Square." Anderson, 8. 0., Oot. 14, 1886. T^A?H^'?OI/UMN. J. G. CLIN&SCALES, Editob. The Trustees of Broadaway Township, District No. 11, will not open public schools until January next. "As is the school officer, so is the teacher; as is the teacher, so is the school?' There'3 great responsibility then, all along the line. Mr. John Major, we understand, will have charge of the New Prospect School. We hope the good people in that neigh? borhood will hold up his hands. When you visit this office, please come if possible, on Saturdays. The School Commissioner will spend the greater part of the next three months among the schools. _ What educational paper do you take, and how do you like it? Perhaps it would do your fellow-teachers good. Will you drop us a card, and tell us something abont it? Let us again beg the trustees to see that the teachers make out their reports, correctly. Give special attention to the names of the parents, and see that the average attendance of males and females is made separately. Mr. E. B. Vickery has the appoint? ment from his senatorial district to a cadetship in the North Georgia Agricul? tural College, at Dahlouega, Ga. Mr. Vickery has been an active member cf our Teachers' Association and is well known to many of our* readers.' Our best wishes attend him. A man who pays fifteen cents school tax swears be wont subscribe to any school because he pays his tax to educate his children, and it must be done in that way. How does that sound for business ?" Some men seem to think that the pay? ment of so small a tax as that b ives them a moral, as well as a legal, right to the free tuition of their children. We move slowly._ We are glad to see some of tlje trustees taking the bull by the horns and keeping the schools closed this fall, in order to get the finances of their Districts on a better basis. Brushy Creek is amply re? paid for keeping her schools closed last year: now others propose to follow her example. Of course some people will kick, gentlemen?that you may expect ?but just so you save your noses, hold your "posish? it will all come around right. _ What are your chief difficulties ? Let us know them: perhaps same one of us can relieve you by some suggestion. Per. haps we have had the same difficulty and have been relieved. Is your trouble in organizing, in the want of proper classi? fication, the want of text books, or in the necessity for the rigid enforcement of discipline? It lies somewhere. You can locate it, if you will only take time to thoroughly diagnose the case. First, find the evil and then apply the remedy. Again would we urge upon our teach? ers the importance of taking, and the still more imperative duty of closely reading, some first-class educational journal. There was a time when school teachers thought it ridiculous for one of their profession to seek information as to the aft of imparting instruction, or to oven admit that they did not; know as much as some body else. That time has passed. School teachers are seeking light ? they want it from whatever source it may come. We have begged our teachers to call here for sample copies of educational journals, such papers as will give positive assistance to any earnest pedagogue. Some have called. Others are indiffer? ent to the invitation: they neither call nor send. Then the conclusion is plain ?they don't want light and help, or tbey havo already a sufficient supply. We call in vain for expressions of opinion as to the helps they have. They are be? wildered by what they have, or are ashamed to acknowledge that they have sought it. As a matter of course every teacher ought to have the Carolina Teach? er, his own State organ, and a very ex? cellent paper withal?the November number abounds in rich suggestions. Of the others that find their way to this office, we value most highly the Teachers* Institute, *o often noticed in this Column before. It fairly bristles with valuable and absolutely indispensable hints as to school management and the best manner of imparting instruction. A single copy is worth ten times the cost of the paper for a year. Again we insist that every teacher call at this office, or send some one for a sample copy of the papers sent here. Mr. J. C. Stribling is the agent for the Carolina Teacher. The Teachers' Institute has no agent in this County. For that, address E. L. Kellogg & Co., 25 Clinton Place, New York. DOING NOTHING. It is natural for the mind to think. The mind can not exist without thought. Activity is a law of nature, and also a law of the mind. There is no absolute rest in nature. Neither mind nor matter absolutely rests. Doing nothing is the hardest kind of work. The teacher who is engaged in active school work for nine or ten months during the year, will not enjoy himself by neglecting all books during vacation. The mind must do something. It will not be silent; and how much better to employ the mental vigor intelligently, than to revel in the flight of the imagination. As the miud can not sleep, it should always be employed. Rent is found only by a change of work. A student or teacher will find more genuine rest in a well-selected iibrnry than in trying to do nothing. It should not be necessary lor any one to stop work and go to the woods or mountains to rest. By judicious ex? ercise, both the. mind and the body be? come stronger. Mechanics do not leave their work and spend several months in recreation. They work year after year, and do not even complain of being tired. Why should it not be the case with mental workers? The arm of-tho mechanic he? roines Ktrongcr by Ihu exercise, ami is less easily tired ; so tho mind of the student should become more vigorous, and he hetler prepared to pursue all in? vestigation*. Less worry und more sys? tematic work add much to the health and happiness of teachers. None can rest by doing nothing, but by working wisely,-* The Teacher's Guide, SOME FACTS FOB CONSUMPTION. The Night Have Boen?How Near the Confederacy Came to Securing Success. GeD. McCrady 's admirable description of the character and composition of the Confederate army, brings to mind, with painful reality, the different phases of the mighty struggle. In the early Sum? mer of 1863 the hopes of the Confeder? ates were at the highest. When the Army of Northern Virginia marched into Maryland the soldiers hardly believed it possible that they could be defeated, and their generals regarded them as invisible. On the very eve of the battle of Gettys? burg the Hon. Francis Lawley, the cor? respondent of the London Times, sent through the lines a dispatch to bis paper announcing a forthcoming victory that would probably bring the war to a close. We all know what followed. Repulsed at Gettysburg, the Confederates sullenly fell back and recrossed the Potomac. Then came the appalling news of the fall of Vicksburg. The Mississippi was open again from the Ohio to the Gulf, and the Army of Northern Virginia was shattered, though not dismayed. It is a common remark that the success of the North was ensured at Gettysburg and Vicksburg, and that the bloody con? flicts of the succeeding years were a waste of precious life and treasure. But they were not so. Nearly a year after the grand charge on Cemetery Hill and the 4th of July celebration on the Mississip? pi, the Confederate States were on the very brink and threshold of absolute and assured independence. And by reason of indomitable courage and hard fighting. The Government at Washington was prepared in 1864 to make peace with the Southern Confederacy on the basis of Horace Greele*y's old platform, "Way? ward sisters, depart in peace." This..is a startling assertion, I am aware, and I give my authority for it. By far the best account of the Federal campaigns in the East is that which is given by Mr. William Swinton in his Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac. There he portrays with striking realism, the assault of the Union forces upon the Confederate lines at Cold Harbor in May, 1864, and says: "Some hours after the failure of the first assault, Gen. Meade sent instructions to each corps comman? der to renew the attack, without reference to the .troops on his right or left. The order was issued through these officers to their subordinate commanders, and from them ' descended through the wonted channels; but no man stirred, and the immobile lines pronounced a.verdict, silent, yet emphatic, against further slaughter. The loss on the Union side in this sanguinary action was over thir? teen thousand, while on the part of the Confederates it is doubtful whether it reached that many .hundreds." In the following chapter Mr. Swinton says: "Now so gloomy was the military outlook after the action on the Chicka hominy, and to such a degree by conse? quence had the moral spring of the pub? lic mind become relaxed; that there was at this time great danger of a collapse of the war. The history of this conflict truthfully written will show this." In a note Mr. Swinton adds: "The archives of the State department, when one day made public, will show how deeply the Government was affected by the want of miltitary success and to what resolutions the Executive in consequence had come." The foregoing remarks of Mr. Swinton, and particularly the significant note, attracted the attention of an old comrade of mine in the Army of Noithern Vir? ginia, who happened to know Mr. Swin? ton very well. Upon the first suitable occasion he reminded Mr. Swinton of what had been written, and asked him what the archives of the Stats depar? tment could show, and what were the resolutions to which the Executive had come. Mr, Swinton gave the following explanation, which I put as nearly as I can remember it in the words of my friend. Mr. Swinton said that, during the over laud campaign in 1864, and at the time of the battle of Cold Harbor, he was at Gen. Hancock's headquarters. .As cor? respondent of the Times, he had given a plain and straightforward narrative of the course and condition of affairs in the Army of the Potomac. The night after' the battle of Cold Harbor, or perhaps on the following day, he received a telegram from Mr. Seward, the Secretary of State, requesting him to come at once to Wash? ington. Mr. Swinton had not the honor of Mr. Seward's acquaintance and showed the telegram to Gen. Hancock, who said that the proper course was to comply instantly with the request. Upon arriv? ing at the Federal Capital, Mr. Swinton called on Secretary Seward and was askrd-by him to tell him frankly what was the exact position of the Army of the Potomac, as regarded fighting capaci? ty and morale. Gen. Grant, it was said, had telegraphed that "the fight was out of the Army of the Potomac," and Mr. Seward, at all events, wanted to know the whole truth. Ho explained.to Mr. Swinton that he had sent for him because, his letters in the New York Times had proved him to be a close observer, and one who was determined to be candid and fair in his statements. Mr. Swinton nave the information that was asked for, and Mr. Seward told him that it agreed completely with what he had heard from other quarters, and that he should be obliged to Mr. Swinton if that gentleman would go up with him to his residence at Auburn, New York. Arrived at Auburn, Mr. Seward in? formed Mr. Swinton, in so-many words, that the Government could not carry on the war any longer, that the people were weary of it, that the credit of the Government was tailing, and that mure soldiers could not be obtained. He said that the Presi? dent had determined to open negotiations for peace, and, it was desired that a series of leading articles should be pub? lished in the New York Times, setting forth the embarrassments of the military and financial situation and preparing the public for what was to come. Mr. Swin? ton consented to write the leading articles in question, and as soon as they were ready submitted them to Mr. Seward, who made some few trifling alterations and accepted the articles as likely to answer their purpose. It was arranged ! that next morning Mr. Swinton should return to New York, and that the first of the Peace articles should appear on the following day. The morning came, and with it Mr. Seward, who, with face all aglow, said : "Swinton, you can tear up your articles. Sherman has turned Joe Johnston's strongest position. Johnston is in full retreat. Wo can get now as many men and as much money as we want." This is the story, as it came to me from the young officer to whom it was told by Mr. Swinton himself, and, if I am not mistaken, Mi. Swinton said fur? ther that he had then in his possession the articles which had been prepared at Mr. Seward's request, with the slight alterations before mentioned in Mr. Sew? ard's own handwriting. It will be noticed, too, that the account fill? out harmoniously the general statement con? tained in Mr. Swintou's book. Some time last year I mentioned what I had heard to a very near r.-lative. of Gen. It. E. Lee, who told me that he had had a similar account of the affair from Mr. Swinton himself. There is an opportunity now to exam? ine "the archives of the Stale Depart? ment." and to make them public. It will not ithange the result, or excite any unpleasant feelings, if it shall he proved absolutely that the Executive did resolve to come*to terms with the Confederate Government. There would be, a'so, a ourtain lati^faction in knowing that the fighting, in Virginia, in 1SG4 was not in vain. It can very well be understood that Gen. Grant bad no exalted opinion of Mr. Swinton, when he ascertained what he had written and said about the Wil? derness or Overland campaign. Gen. Grant, indeed, takes no pains to conceal his dislike of the historian, and in his Personal Memoirs accuses him of dishon? orable conduct while a guest at army headquarters. Gen. Grant had a consul? tation with Gen. Meade after the first or second day's fighting in the Wilderness, and the staff of the two generals with? drew to allow their chiefs to converse in private. One of the staff, however, "saw what he took to be a man, seated on the ground- by a stump," listening to the conversation between Gen. Meade and Gen. Grant. The attention of another officer was called to this, and he took the man by the shoulder and asked him in language more forcible than polite, "What he was doing there?" Gen. Grant adds: "The man proved to be Swinton, the 'historian,' and his replies to the question were evasive and unsatis? factory, and he was warned against fur? ther eaves dropping." Even this is not the end of it, for Gen. Grant says that the next he heard of Mr. Swinton was at Cold Harbor itself, when Gen. Meade went to his headquarters and informed him ."that Gen. Buruside had arrested Swinton, who at some previous time had given great offence, and had ordered him to be shot that afternoon." Gen. Grant says that he ordered the prisoner to be released, but that he must be expelled from the lines of the array, not to return again on pain of punishment. This, it must be admitted, is a very extraordinary tale, and the public would be glad to know what Mr. Swinton thinks about it, Gen. Grant was undoubtedly intensely vain and averse to criticism, and there are very clear evidences of temper and ill feeling in what has been quoted. I mentioned last week that Mr. Spen cer, of Alabama, who was one of Gen. Longstreet's couriers, was appointed aide de camp to Gen. G. M. Sorrel. The military career of this officer is almost without a parallel in the Confederate States. Staff officers, under the Confederacy, were accustomed to look upon themselves as shieved. Their promotion was in the staff corps entirely, and their rank was altogether out of proportion to the value and importance of their services. Offi? cers who, in European armies, would have held commissions as brigadier gen? erals at least, were in the Confederate army only majors and lieutenant colonels. The adjutant general of the Army of Northern Virginia, Walter H. Taylor, of Norfolk, Va., was a lieutenant colonel. Towards the close of the war an effort was made to give the staff adequate" rank, and the necessary legislation was obtain? ed, but the collapse of the Confederacy deprived the staff officera of their expect? ed advance in grade. Once a staff officer always a staff officer, was the rule. Yet there were two instances where staff officers were promoted per sallum to the rank of brigadier general. One of these was that of Capt. V. J. B. Girardev, of Augusta, Ga., who was captain and" as? sistant adjutant general of Wright's brigade and was advanced to the rank of brigadier general at one bound, and put in charge of his old command. The other instance is that of Lieut. Col. Sorrel, the adjutant general of Long street's corp3, who, shortly after the bat? tle of the> Wilderness; was commissioned as brigadier general. What rendered the promotion of Gen. Sorrel the more honorable was the cir? cumstance that he had not bad a military education, and was engaged in commer? cial pursuits when the war broke out. I am not able to say where it was that he first served, or in what capacity, but at the first battle of Manassas he was with Geu. Longstreet. In his official report of the battle Gen. Long street says : "Capt. Sorrel joined me as volunteer aide in the midst of the fight. He came into the battle as gaily as a beau, and seemed to receive orders which threw him into the more exposed positions with peculiar delight." This is only the beginning of the record. Capt. Sorrel was attached permanently to Gen. Long street's Staff. At the battle of Williams burg, as Gen. Longstreet says, he so con? ducted himself as to give his commander "great pleasure, satisfaction and assu? rance." Promoted to the rank of major, he is reported as "active, zealous and intelligent in carrying orders and in the proper discharge of his duties," at the battle of Seven Pines. In the Seven Days' battles around Eichmond he "dis? played great gallantry, intelligence and activity," earned the warmest thanks of the commanding general, and deserved much credit of the Government. Gen. Longstreet says that, after five days of night and day work his staff officers "kept up with undiminished zeal and energy." In the Maryland campaign Col. Sorrel's services were again conspic? uous. At Sbarpsburg he was wounded. Speaking of his staff, Gen. Longstreet says: "These officers, full of courage, intelligence, patience and experience,' were able to give such directions to the commands as they thought proper, which were at once approved and commanded my admiration." The reports of all the later engagements of the war are not before me, but I know that at Chicka mauga and during theseige of Knoxville Col. Sorrel displayed the qualities which had so frequently caused him to be com? mended. The Wilderness campaign began, and on the fateful Gth of May Col. Sorrel was directed to accompany the brigades which I made the attack on the left flank of the enemy and doubled it back on the centre. A conspicuous figure, on his well known white horse, Col. Sorrel was always in front, and soon had the proud satisfaction of reporting to Gen. Lee and Gen. Long street, who were awaiting the result, that the attack was completely successful. Then it was that, in the Napoleonic manner which was foreign to his habitual reserve, the Commander-in-chief of the Acmy of Northern Virginia saluted Gen. Longstreet's staff officer as "Gen. Sorrel." Yet I prefer that Gen. James Longstreet should be the narrator. In his official report of the bloody work on the day that Jenkins was killed and Longstreet was wounded, he says: "Special direc? tions were given to Lieut. Col. Sorrel to conduct the brigades of Gens. Mahone, G. T. Anderson and Wofford, beyond the enemy's left, and to attack him on his left and rear. * * * The movement was a complete surprise and a perfect success. It was executed with rare zeal aud intelligence. The enemy made but a short stand, and fell back, in utter rout, with heavy loss, to a position about three-quarters of a mile from my front attack." This is history. And Gen. Longstreet says further, aud with even less warmth than the true event deserved : "Much of the success of the movement on the enemy's flank is due to the very skillful manner in which the move was conducted by Lieut. Col. Sorrel." That is enough. In the golden Pall of 1SG4 the com? mission came, and its arrival, as may be imagined, was properly celebrated. If the jovial parly did not wet the commis? sion', that concrete evidence of honor well deserved was the only dry thing in the establishment. Knowing the daring of Sorrel and his determination to go ."till farther forward, his comrades had no idea that he would live long. Sure enough, in the very first engagement in which he commanded his brigade ho was shot through the body, and was nimble, T think, to return to active service. .Poor Girardey encountered an earlier and even sadder fate. Proud of his rank and nnsioun to confirm the confidence of his troops, he exposed himself almost wantonly, and was killed in a trifling skirmish on the North side of tlie James River. Capt. GirarJey was appointed brigadier general August 3,1864, and Col. Sorrel on October 27, 1864. Girardey died at the head of his men,- Wright's heroic brigade, and in leading those same old soldiers G. M. Sorrel was shot wellnigh unto death. I have shown that there were many peculiar features in the military life of Gen. Sorrel, but there is something that, to my mind, is more curious still. With a courage that was audacious, with an energy that was inexhaustible, and with both the willingness and desire to en? counter danger, he nevertheless, so far as I could judge, had no enthusiasm. It seemed to me to be, with bim, a plain matter of business. Just as he would expect to succeed in commercial life by working early and late, and by watching his accounts, so he considered that, in order to be successful in military life, he must push the exhibition of courage to extremes, and combine with it coolness, perseverance and the willingness to work continuously. This, to my mind, is the explanation of his conduct, for Gen. Sorrel was as capable and efficient in office work as he was in directing and commanding troops on the field. What? ever the precise motive of his conduct, there was behind it, of course, an earnest and sincere love of his country. The rewards he gained he richly deserved. There were few officers in the Confederate army who combined within themselves so many valuable qualities as were found in the character of Gen. Sorrel. Gen. Sorrel returned to Savannah after the war, and is still in business there. The twenty years that have passed since Appomattox have changed him but little, except that his once black hair has turned to gray. But he is as erect, as soldierly, as lithe as ever, and has still just that little tinge of stiffness of manner which, together with his stern regard for mili? tary form and manner, prevented him from being generally popular.?F. W. D. in the Cliarleston Sunday Neuis. Polygamy in the Piedmont, Spartanburg, November 9.? Elder .Wright, of Utah, called on your corres? pondent yesterday and spoke freely of the Mormon mission to the States. He says they have about 1,100 missionaries in this country and other parts of the world. When an elder feels rfcit he is called to go out to the Gentiles, u able, he furnish? es his own travelling expenses. The church gives nothing. If he is poor he cannot go, unless friends give bim assis? tance. They go without purae and scrip, expecting people to feed them. In a new place they visit from house to house, explaining their doctrines and the Book of Mormon. They preach only when they are invited. They do not thrust their preaching on the public. They ?receive members into their church on a profession of the Mormou faith, after it bus been fully explained to them. It does not seem to be their plan to build up Mormon societies in the States, but to. induce those thoroughly converted to their faith to migrate to the Territories. He has about fifty members in his church, near Thickety Mountain, about fifteen miles from Spartanburg. There are now seven elders in this part of the State, scattered from Rock Hill to Walhalla. Elder Wright is a heavy-set, good looking man, about thirty years old, with a fair common school education. He seems to be very houest and frank in appearance and expression. He defends the Mormon doctriue at all points, and thinks polygamy better, from a moral standpoint, than that one-twentieth of the adult women of our towns and cities should be leading licentious lives, often supported in their crimes by Christian church members. He says until the Gentiles went to their Territory their was no such thing known as a woman of ill fame. Neither do their people engage in the sale of whiskey. While it is not forbidden by their church laws, yet very few enter into the work. The mo3t of the whiskey in Utah is sold by Christians, and not by Mormons. They contribute largely to churches and schools. In his town they have recently finished a stone church at a cost of $40,000 that has Beat iug capacity for three thousand people. They are also erecting a temple that will coat two million dollars. The reason j that the missionaries do not go into | towns and cities to do their missionary work is that they are not received there. They have tried this and failed. Conse? quently they go to the country, where they not only have access to the people, but where their doctrines are listened to. They do not advise or teach ploygamy in the States, nor do they in Utah since the passage* of the law forbidding it. The Territorial government is a very one sided affair, a regular carpet bag concern, and a Mormon has precious little chance in it, no matter what the accusation against him ib. These are some of the opinions of Elder ^Wright. He certainly believes the doc ^iues be is teaching to the unlearned, people about Thickety Mountain. He has as much faith in the Book of Mormon as he has in the Bible, or bis own exis? tence. He has left home and family, not families, for he states that he has only one wife and three children, and may be absent two to five years. He is a fair representative of the 170,000 Mormons in the Territories. They are decided in their religious convictions. They compare their morality with that of the Gentiles who have invaded their Territory, ahd they feel that both their men and wo? men lead purer lives than their Christian neighbors. They look on Federal inter? ference as a persecution. They expect their missionaries to be shot down as they were at Chattanooga. They leave home with their lives in their own hands. They have the courage to die for their faith. Now, the question with our Govern? ment is how to deal with the Mor? mons ? Up to this time it is an unsolved problem. The question comes closely home to us. What shall we do with them in our own State? They have, perhaps, three hundred or more members in the upper counties, and they are gradually increasing. Of course, their followers come from the humble and uneducated classes, but the faith of such people is stronger on this account and they are harder to convince with argu? ment. Some of the people of our county have been considerably disturbed by their presence, and a meeting or two has been held to consider the question. At least that is reported. Should the Mormons abandon pologamy and rigidly enforce the law against it, it would not be many years until they would be let severely alone by the Government. Persecution, as they call enforcement of law, would ceiu*e. The question still remains unan? swered : "What shall the Fcdpral Gov? ernment do with the Mormons ""?Spar tanburg Correspondence News and Courier. ? The total visible supply of cotton for the world is 2,030,12(5 bale's, of which 1,691,026 bales are American. ? The marriage of the Emperor of China is postponed for two years. As the lady hadn't cut her second teeth she wa-i thought over young to marry. ? The official count in the Sixth Ken? tucky District shows that Speaker Car? lisle is re-elected to Congress by 76R majority. ? The missing president nf the Hank of Peoria, 111., who decamped about a year ago with ?200,000 of the funds of the bank, has been arrested at .Montreal. Suggestions About Wheat. W. L. Jones in Atlanta Constitution. Ts wheat a profitable crop in the cot? ton belt? Except in limestone and high mountainous regions, it is not. The yield is i;oo uncertain, the cost of raising too great. Wheat is probably farther re? moved from its original wild, (and, there? fore, hardy) state than any plant we cul? tivate. It has been domesticated so long, and so changed by domestication, that botanists have failed to identify the plant or plants from which it originally came. It has been so changed, it has become so artificial in its nature and habits, that it gives way under competition, and can? not hold its place, in the struggle for ex? istence, with the hardier and more vigor? ous plants that it encounters. But for man's aid, wheat would die out and dis? appear in one, or at most, two or three years. It must have a thoroughly pre? pared soil and an abundance of food, especially nitrogenous food, the costliest of all. It has very little root power, and cannot set free and appropriate the locked up food in the soil. Everything must be ready prepared and fully within its reach. As a consequence of these peculiarities, it yields readily to adverse influences, whether of climate, seasons or soils. It withstands moderate cold quite well; but this said ; all is said. A8 a matter :.f long experience and ext-jnded observation, we know that wheat thrives best in cool climates. The northern United States and northern Europe is the home of the wheat crop. In those regions wheat is successfully grown, even when sown in the spring. At .he South, wheat sown at that season would not bring back the seed to the sower. A southern climate then does not seem to be adapted to the constitution of the wheat plant. But in addition to this, or possibly as a consequence of this, wheat is greatly more liable to be de? stroyed by rust at the South than at the North. This is ibe weak point in wheat culture with us. This is the chief thing thai, renders the wheat crop en uncertain and unreliable. How to guard against rust then is theu the foremost considera? tion in the preparation for the crop. As a matter of universal experience, it is well known that dampness, both of soil and air, and a succulent, sappy growth of the plant, are both favorable to the development of rust. A dry May and a good wheat crop usually go together. Now so far as the amount of rain and the general humidity of the atmosphere is concerned, the farmer is helpless,* he cannot control these. But he can ward off in part the effects of excessive rain by selecting for his wheat fields high knobs or knolls, from which water runs off rapidly, and the soils of which are, therefore, comparatively dry. He can select those soils, also, which are the least retentive of moisture. As. a rule, such as hive comparatively little humus, are dryer than those which abound iu that substance. The soils of lev lands are damper than those of uplands, aud the air which rests upon the former is gen eral'.y damper than that over the latter. Thhi is shown by the heavy dews which prevail on bottom lands. It is obvious, thersfore, that a farmer's judgment be com ? a decided factor in the raising of a wbe.it crop. Again, we have said, tbat a succulent, sappy growth of wheat, favors the devel? opment of rust. Can a farmer control this? Yes; to a certain degree he can 1st by a proper selection , of soil as dis cussed above; and 2d by' a proper regu? lation of the manure applied to the crop. Excessive doses of most fertilzers but particularly of nitrogenous manures tend to develop luxuriant growth of stalk and leaves. Everyone has noticed tb^e ten? dency of wheat thus manured to' fall down or "lodge." The stem is soft and unable to hold up the beads. Hence, whilst wheat must have manure, and musl. have nitrogenous manure too, these should not be applied in excessive amounts, and the nitrogen should be well-proportioned to the other ingredi? ents, so tbat a well balanced development of the plant result. To sum up, there? fore, wheat should be sown on high dry land, with a rather thirsty soil and with a soil rather devoid of humus. Such a soil is usually poor. Wheat will not grow on poor soils?hence it must be manured. Wheat needs more nitrogen than most other plants?hence it 'must be manured with nitrogenous manures, but a medium manuring?the equivalent of, say about fifty bushels of cotton seed to the acre?would be better than a much large* amount. Cotton seed is a good manure for wheat, and very poor land is beat for wheat when properly manured. But cotton seed may be improved by the addit n of a little phosphate. Fifty busheis of cotton seed and 100 to 150 pounds of acid phosphate per acre is safe and reliable mi curing for wheat. But why discuss the growing of wheat, when it is admitted to be an unprofitable crop. Because, a crop which might not pay as a market, or money crop, may pay very handsomely when grown for home use. This is most generally true. There are very few things a farmer can buy, cheaper than he can raise. Our ppople have fallen into the terrible be lief that they can buy almost everything cheaper than they can raise it. They do not think they can buy cotton cheaper than they do raise it, but probably that proposition comes nearer the truth than Lit dees in the case of almost any other crop grown. By all means let every farmer sow enough wheat for home use. For the small crop necessary to this end, he cau find enough land well suited to it ?he can spare the needed manure, and he can take time to give it thorough pre? paration. Plough, roll and harrow, until brought into the finest tilth; sow at once, and sow that variety which has succeeded best in your own locality. Procure seed a little south rather than far north of you. A variety which has become accustomed to a warm climate will succeed better than one accustomed to a cold climate. Trouble In the Ranks. Philadelphia, Nov. s.?The trouble among the textile workers in this city is not yet ended, notwithstanding Mr. Pow derly's order, directing the strikers at Troth's mill to return to work. The Ma ufacturers' Association had threat? ened a general lock-out of the employes in all mills, unless the differences at Troth's mill were satisfactorily adjusted. ' This lockout, which would have effected 50,000 persons, who, the manufactures claim, were supporting the strikers, was averted by Mr. Powderly agreeing with the manufacturers that all questions ex cent that of wages should be dropped, and that pending a settlement of the wages question, the Troth employes would be ordered to return to work. Members of the local assemblies claim that Mr. Powderly exceeded his authori? ty, and they contend that their demand for the discharge of an objectionable Superintendent, and other grievances should be considered as. well as the ques? tion of wages. Only two of the ten female workers ordered back at Troth's returned to work to day, and this, it is said, will place the local assemblies in direct antagonism with the General Ex? ecutive Board of the Knights of Labor. Local assembly No. 3393 will hold a meeting, and should they decide to con tiniio the strike, the charter of the assem? bly will no doubt he declared forfeited by the Executive Board, in which case, il i.- said, that over ?,O0U Knights of Labor will leave the Order and continue the light against the manufacturers them sei vm. ? The man who wants but little here below may feel tolerably confident that the dewire will be granted Morality of Cleanliness. Ii is ol the first importance to leach people cleanly habits. Cleanliness is more than wbolesomeness. It furnishes an atmosphere of self-respect, and iufiu ences the moral condition of the entire household. It is the best exponent of the spirit of thrift. It is to the economy of the household what hygiene is to the human body. It should preside at every detail of domestic service. It indicates comfort and well-being. It is among the distinctive attributes of civilization, and marks the progress of nations. Dr. Paley was accustomed to direct the particular attentions of travelers in foreign countries to the condition of the people as respects cleanliness, and to the local provisions for the prevention of pollution. He was of the opinion that a greater insight might be thus obtained into their habits of decency, self-respect and industry, and their moral and social condition generally, than through facts of any other description. People are cleanly in proportion as they are decent, industrious, and self respecting. Un? clean people are uncivilized. The dirty classes of great towns are invariably the dangerous classes of the towns, and if we would civilize those classes, we must first banish dirt from among them. Dirt forms no part of our nature. It is a parasite, feeding upon the human and destroying it. It is hideous and disgust? ing. There can be no beauty where it is. The prettiest woman is made iretful, im? patient and bad-tempered by it. There is little modesty where dirt is; for dirt is indecency. There can be little purity of mind if the person is impure; for the body is the temple of. the soul, and must be clean and pure to be a worthy shrine of tbat within. Dirt has an affinity with Bell-indulgence and intemperance. San? itary inquiries have clearly made out that the dirty classes are the drunken classes, and that tbey are prone to seek in the stupefaction of beer, gin and opium, a refuge from the miserable de? pression caused by the foul conditions in which they live. We scarcely need refer to the moral a* well as the physical beauty of cleanliness which indicates self-respect, and is the root of many fine virtues, especially delicacy and decency. We might even' go farther and say that purity of thought and feeling results from habitual purity of body; lor the mind and heart of man are to a great extent, influenced' by ex? ternal conditions and circumstances; and habits and custom,; as regards outward things, stamp themselves deeply upou the whole character?upon the moral feelings and the intellectual powers. Moses was the most practical of sani? tary reformers. Among the Eastern nations generally, cleanliness is a part of the religion. They esteem it not only as "next to godliness," but as godliness itself. Tbey connect the idea of internal sanctity with th&t of external purifica? tion. They feel that it would be an in? sult to the Maker they worship to come into his presence covered with impurity. Hence the Mohammedans devote almost as much care to the erection of baths as to that of mosques ; alongside the place of worship is usually found the place of cleansing, so that the faithful may nave the ready means of purification previous to their act of worship. "What worship," says a great writer, "is there not in mere washing?perhaps one of the most moral things a man, in common cases, has it in his power to do .' Strip thyself, go into the bath, or were it into the limpid pool of a running brook, and there wash and be clean ; thou wilt step out again a purer and a better man. This consciousness of perfect outer pureness?that to thy skin there now ad? heres no foreign speck of imperfection? how it radiates on thee with cunning symbolic influence to thy very 60ul! Thou hast an increased tendency toward all good things whatsoever. The oldest Eastern sages, with joy and holy grati? tude, had felt it to be so, and that it.was the Maker's gift and will."?Samuel Smites. Donovan's Drop at Niagara, Buffalo, N. Y., November 7.?Dono? van's jump from the .suspension bridge to day has created a sensation here. He is at the Broezel House with a broken rib, and is attended by Drs. Palmer and Clark. In an interview regarding the feat be says: "They say the bridge is 196 feet high, | and after they took me out of the water I found out that the water is lower now than it ever was, and the distance from the bridge must be 215 feet. It was a terrible jump, and I wouldn't make it again for the whole United States. We drove on the bridge about a quarter to 7 o'clock I guess it was. We had to wake up the man at the gate and get him to unlock it for us, and I was afraid he would be auspicious and stop us. When we got to the place that I picked out last Sunday we stopped the horse and got out. It was on the Canada end of the bridge, but pretty near the middle of the river. "I took off a rubber coat I had on, and then I was all ready. I had on my jumping suit, the same I jumped from the Brooklyn Bridge in. My pants were tied tight around my legs with twine to keep the water from getting in, and I had my coat unbuttoned, so that if it bothered me in the water I could get out of it easi? ly. I'm sorry for that now, for if the coat bad not spread out in the air as I was going down I would have struck the water square, and wouldn't have broken my rib. Professor Haley"says it wftoted three minutes of seven o'clock when I jumped. He bad bis watch in one hand and a pistol in the other when I climbed on the rail aud balanced myself with one hand. I was facing the rapids. All the bridge guy ropes are on the other side and I did not want to get tangled up in them. I couldn't see the boat from where I was. and when Mr. Haley asked me if I was all ready, I said, 'Is the boat there '?' 'She's there all right,'said he, and I told hitn to 'Let her go.' "He fired the pistol and I stood up straight 2nd jumped a little forward and down. How did I feel ? Well, it's hard to tell. I closed my eyes when I jumped but I opened them right away again, but I didn't seem to see anything. My elbows were close to my sides and I kept ray feet together. When I struck the water it seemed as though I would burst to pieces. "The shock was torrible, and I kept right on going down till it seemed as if I'd mfver stop. When I came to the sur? face I struck out with my arms and legs, but I was dazed and I don't know which way I swam. The current kept carrying me down, but the boat got to me pretty soon. As soon as they pulled me in I spit up a lot of blood and then I fainted dead away." Thb physicians who examined Donovan on his arrival in the city found him suf? fering from considerable excitement, several bruises and an abrasion on each of his elbows made when he struck the water. The fourth rib on the left side was found to be separated from the breast bone, and was at once bandaged Both physicians express the opinion that the jumper wiil be around in a couple of days, and that his escape from more serious injury is a very lucky one. The jump was for a wager of $500. The weather was cold and clear, the j ground and bridge covered with snow. It is reported that the necessity for win I ning the ?500 caused him to make the attempt, as he was compelled a short time ago to raise money on the champion jumping gold badge presented to him for jumping from the llrooklyn bihl?e. ( ?The latest fashion in trousers in to melt ft dude and pour him in hot. These Hard Time*. The average farmer of Spartanburg expects no relief from the pressure tlmt is now on him from acts of the Legisla ture, State Fairs, orTilliiuin conventions. These may all be good and helpful in their way, but they do not take the place of constant and well directed labor, wise economy and keen foresight. Away back in the first half of the century our grandfathers seemed to have time enough to attend all the big musters and stop all hands and go a seining; or, when laying by time was over, they could spend a few weeks in hunting and visiting. They appeared to get on pretty well, ialthougn they did not move very fast. One could do just as well in this day and time, if he would live in a log cabin, buy^about $2.00 worth of sugar and ?2.00 worth of coffee for the year, and if the wife would ,do all the cooking, washing, making of cloth and clothes, and wear a Sunday dress iuade of six yards of calico^as was done in those days. Time have *ome what changed and there is a quickened activity in all industrial departments, and he, who attempts to applv the meth? ods of 182G'to 1886, will be "left Jfar be? hind. The price of a good living, decent clothing, and a common education'for the children and freedom from debt, on an average Spartan burg farm, isj eternal labor coupled with good; common sense. It. would be well for a farmer, who calls himself industrious, to count up at the close of the year and see how many days he has lost. There is no'business under the sun that will prosper long unless constant and unremitting attention is given to it. If a lawyer should be absent from his office two days in the week, he would soon be without clients. If a merchant should leave bis store to un? trained and uninterested clerks several days each month, it would Dot be long before an assignee's advertisement would appear in the paper offering his'goods for sale. The farmer who loses time in riding around the county or piddling about at something that will do no good, will always get behind. He will never berready to "take time by the forelock." His preparation for the crop is late and he is always behind in the cultivation aud when gathering time comes he is still behind. Such men are the ones that grumble at bard times. They are the ones who are always ready to join the ranks of the disaffected. But the beat farmers, who manage well, are now depressed on account of light crops for several years. There is no doubt as to the scarcity of provisions and money at this time, and the farmers have nothing to bring money after the meagre cotton crop is.sold. The first of next March will find our farmers in a low condition as to supplies. Muoh corn and flour will nave to be bought on time. It is a good time now for each man to look bis own situation squarely in the face. In the first place, there is no reason for despair, or even despondency. If your indebtedness is beyond your means, go at once.to the man, or men, you are owing and make a fair and frank statement and then r .y every possible cent yoa can. That course will insure the respect of those you owe and perhaps longer indul? gence. Hard times demand honest dealing. Then many people willhave to turn over a new leaf at home. Their work must be more systematic. ? wise farmer, in the arrangement of his fields, will look several years ahead. Work must be cut in such a way that there will be no wasted fragments of time. Even the rainy days should have their special work. The people must raise their own supplies. It is folly for a man to attempt to ruu a farm and buy his corn, hay, flour, meat and molasses. No people in the world can stand that long. Of course this is an unusual season. It baslbeen?a remarkable year and the best laid plans have gone astray. The September and October sowing of small grain has been, in the main, prevented^by the drought. But it must be borne in mind that good wheat may be made, if sown in Decem? ber. Then oats may be put in during January and February, with a reasonable certainty of a fair yield. He, who has oats plenty for his stock.until the first of June and wheat for bis home demands, will not suffer. The odd days, and many of the even ones too, after the crop is gathered, should be spent in enlarging the manure heap. If a farmer is found, the first of March, with only about a two-borse load of manure saved, it is a sign he is in a bad way. He ought to hire out to somebody, or have a guardian appointed. The farmers are not alone in their depression. Every class of laborers and professional men are about as bad off as they are. These hard times say plain? ly to all classes: "Economize both time and money. Work diligently and syste? matically. Make all you can and save everything you make. Be careful as to small things. Make all the supplies pos? sible at home."?-Spartanburg Spartan. The Point of Death. Although usually it is easy to tell when dissolution has occurred, yet there are cases which occur from time to time rendering the matter one of very grave uncertainty. The point at which the soul relinquishes the body is among the most difficult things to establish. Per? haps this uncertainty is one of the reasons why there is so much curiosity as to death-beds and last words. We are anx? ious to know how affairs appear to those who are passing away. They are under? going the greatest change through which every one must pass. How does it look to them ? Very little more information is to be gathered from the dying than from the dead. Certain inferences may be drawn from the sur? roundings?the departing color, the cold, deepening stare, the groan, the rattle in the throat, the stiffening limbs; but they are as likely to mislead as not. And the same may be said of the death sayings. They are as enigmatic as the declarations of the oracles. We may take sometimes half a dozen meanings from them as, for instance, Geethe's "More light!" Was it the sense of earthly darkness growing around him, or was it the breaking of the eternal light upon his vision, or was there yet some deeper significance in the ex? clamation ? Medical works show tbat people have been resuscitated fifteen, twenty and even thirty minutes after apparent death; Heldon, the highwayman, is said to have been in three-quarters of an hour. His body was cut down after banging that length of time, and was handed over to his friends after a thorough examina? tion. That night he was seen as well as ever except for a stiffness of the neck. Pryce, the Norwich miser, was dead as Ctesar, according to those about him, and until some thoughtful person, distrusting the warmth of bis hands, administered a stimulant. He arose and lived years afterward. Cases of mere trance are almost innumerable. Supposed deaths from drowning show that resuscitation may take place thirty or forty minutes after all life has appar? ently left the body. The question as to what becomes of the soul in this long interval is one which puzzles many. But the chief point of the matter is that the physicians and friends should not too readily accept appearances in the critical hour. There may be, as in the Fraser instance, be yet some spark of life re? maining. As Dr. Lackerstein claims, there is absolutely no reason why, with the resource.! he empolyed at hand, anyone should die of an overdose of chloroform or from a shock while undergoing a sur gieal operation. ? Thirteen is an unlucky number for a poor man to have In his family,