University of South Carolina Libraries
BY E. B. MURRAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C, THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 29, 1886. VOLUME XXII.?NO. 5i. it OUE COMBINATION FENCE, MANUFACTURED BY 5? t BROTHER FENCE COMPANY. Chicken Tight, Mule High, Bull Strong! Durable* Handsome, Portable, CHEAP! PUT up for convenient handling in bundles of 50 feet or more. Nothing but sound Pickets and best grade Bessemer galvanized Steel Wire used in the manufacture of our Fencing. THIS IS CERTAINLY THE FENCE OF THE DAY! And is FAR SUPERIOR in many respects to any other kind of Fence ever in? vented. The above cut exhibits its appearance, and the Fence need only be Been to be 'appreciated. .._ . Orders for fencing filled promptly, and all correspondence in regard to same will have our immediate attention. THE SULLIVAN & BR0* FENCE CO., STJTJLtTVAJS &; BKO., Proprietors. Anderson, S. C. SOMETHING NEW FOR ANDERSON. JOHN E. PEOPLES & CO.'S CROCKERY STORE! WE have just received the Largest and most Complete Stock of CROCKERY and HOUSE FURJSTKHING GOODS ever brought to this market, and weare selling them at extremely LOW PRICES. .. . Hand Painted China Tea and Dinner Seta at about one-half the usual cost. Decorated Tea Sets, of 44 and 56 Pieces, from $6.00 to $15.00. Decorated Dinner "Seta, of 110 and 120 Pieces, from $15.00 to $25.00. Opaque Porcelain Goods, Gran? ite and Cr O. Ware at bottom prices. We have an elegant assortment of Bohemian Glassware, and a select stock of Hodgers & Bros. Silverware, suitable for Bridal and Birthday Presents. Also, a : large stock, of beautiful'Vases, Dolls, Toys, Ladies' Work Baskets, Bird Cages, Feather Dusters, &c &c. . ; ; Wecontinue to keep on hand: a large stock of Stoves and Tinware; which we will sell as cheap as anybody. . RoofEng, Guttering and Repairing done on short notice. We invite yon to call and see our stock. JOHN E. PEOPLES & C?. QCtfo 1885 IS iy E. PEOPLES, Agent for the Celebrated HI HIM Gil, FEEDER AND COHDEHSER, ^ B^Tjtfactured at Atlanta, Georgia, and to which Pre minms were awarded at the Atlanta Cotton Exposition, Charleston Industrial Expo? sition Feb. 2,1882, and at the South Carolina and Georgia State Fairs 1881. THE VAN. WINKLE FEEDER AND CONDENSER can be attached to any other Gin, so parties having other make of Gins and wishing Feeders or Condensers can be supplied by sending in their order in time,-and I will guarantee satisfaction. All kinds of PULLEYS and SHAFTING and most IMPROVED CANE 'MILLS and EVAPORATORS furnished to order. Tan Winkle King Cotton Press Has long been before the public, and is too well known to need any further description. Its chief points of merit are : It takes-very little room, is easily handled, and takes so little pow? er ; can be used on all kinds of powers?horse, water or steam. Ginning rmd packing can all go on at the same time, without interfering with the Gin. A two-inch belt will pack a 500 lb. bale of cotton. It saves its cost the first season in labor. Read the following testimonial: Anderson. S. C?Mr. John E. Peoples?Sir The Steam Power Van Winkle Cotton Press bought from you last Fall has given entire satis? faction. I packed bales of cotton weighing 660 to 725 lbs. in five minutes with all ease, using a 4-inch belt and 25 lbs. steam.. There did not seem any more strain on the Press than with a k400 lb. bale. For durability, strength, lightnesB of power, small quantity of steam required, economy of space, I deem it the King of all Cotton Presses?especially so as the low price at which it can be bought for puts it within reach of every man running a steam Gin. In fact I would not be without it for .twice Us^eost. I would advise all my friends to buy one of Van Winkle's Steam .Power Cotton Presses, as you will save its cost in labor in one year. M. A. COBB. BOSS PRESS. I am Agent also for the "Boss Hand and Power Presses," which are strong, easily handled and easily erected. STAR PRESS. I am Agent also for the Star Hand Press, which rives general satisfaction. Suitable for traveling Sins. THE HALL SELF-FEEDING COTTON GIN, Manufactured at Sing Sing, N, Y., has given satisfaction wherever used. The sswb d?Vef the best imported steel. The saw shaft is the largest made. An ex miiiation of other Gins will convince you it is the most substantially built Gin in use. It never breaks the roll, and therefore does away with the expense of the revolving head, as the secret of making the Gin to prevent its breaking the roll is in the proper shape of the roll box. Every one should examine the improvements ju the Hull Gin made this year, especially the improvement in the Feeder. Second-hand Machinery. '.. I have-a loU>f second-hand GINS and PRESSES, which arc almost as good as new, that I will sell for about one-half tlio price of a nnw one. 4?* Come in and see me and get prices before buying. JOHN PEOPLES JUtl&24, im 50 3m Tfl??Hflr$'?0I,UMN. J. G. CLINKSCALES, Editor. H. S. Thompson, one of our colored teachers, is in Columbia attending the State Institute for colored teachers. Mr. Belcher regrets that on account of the sickness and death of bis little daughter he could not attend the Insti? tute. He has our sympathies. Prof. Watkins and Miss Virginia Ro? samond will attend the State Normal at Grrcuville. We wish more of our teachers could be there?none of us can get too much training of this kind. We are very glad indeed to find that the teachers whose privilege it was to attend the Institute have carried into their school rooms many of the ideas and much of the inspiration gathered while in attendance upon its exercises. At St. Paul, Miss Minerva Drake is doing tbe best work of her life. We were not in the house a minute before we had ocular demonstrations of progress in the way of accumulated pebbles and sticks for object lessobs. We are confident that in the hands of Miss Drake the reputation of that school will be fully sustained. The jcbool at Brushy Creek is in good hands and starts off well with twenty-two pupils enrolled. There we find some first rate home-made desks. They are not what might be desired, but are infinitely better than the rough slabs found at other places. Mr. Bagwell's school is large and promises increase of numbers. He thinks he will have about one hundred and twenty-five as soon as the people are all through work. Of course the Trus? tees will give him an assistant. No one man can teach that number of scholars successfully in this country. We do hope the patrons will see that Mr. Bag? well is better equipped for the work he is trying so faithfully to do. He has a little black-board about eighteen by twenty-four inches: very good size for a dato, but a poor apology for a black? board. How a man can teach school nowadays without a black-board, we can't nee. We again express the hope that (tome of Mr. Bagwell's moat thoughtful patronB will look after this matter as noon as they are through with their crops. It would be impossible to estimate the value of a black-board, which need not cost at the outside seventy-five cents. At Brushy Creek they have a very excel? lent black-board, and we found that the teacher knew how to use it to advantage. At Shi loh we found a capital new house furnished with good black-boards, but the irrepressible slab seats were on hand. At White Plains, there is very little of anything to be found but a teacher and a host of children. In the first place, there is a very poor excuse for a house. There is no lack of ventilation, which at this season is not objectionable. Mr. Vermillion has no tools to work with. I wonder that he doesn't leave the whole thing in disgust. We might as reasona? bly expect a dentist to do good work without any instruments except a broken bladed-barlow, as to look for good results from Mr. Vertcillion's labors. It takes a man with a determination, to try to teach in -such a bouse and with" such tools, or, with no tools. The teacher regrets that be did not attend" the Insti? tute. Just two days at the Institute would have benefited him and the chil? dren and the community more than all the work he will do there this'summer without its help. Mr. Johnson moves off- well at Prince? ton. He took in the Institute, and certainly moves on a higher plain than he occupied last session. We expect to find the result of much good work there. The higher schools have a direct {in? fluence upon the lower, and all improve? ments in one cannot fail to benefit the other. Peslalozzianism is as applicable to the university professor as to the prima? ry teacher. When the first impetus was given to improved methods by Comenius, Froebel and Pestalozzi, the lower schools only were reached, but it was soon found that natural methods were even more satisfactory iu their results when applied to the study of fishes, Greek translations and astronomical investigations. Empi? rical teaching was ence all but universal. The book containing tbe letters was given to the infant with the command, "Learn them." Another book, full of remarks and exceptions, was given to the college lad with the same command, "Learn them." The aim was, "storing the mind with useful knowledge." When Agassiz came to Harvard he astonished the book teachers by bringing his pupils into direct contact with objects. Nature was his book. The book of written and printed pages was made by observers. Agasiiz was a pure Pestalozzian ; so was Lowell Mason; so, in a measure, was Horace Mann; so, in truth and reality, was David Page; and, in verity and force, so is Col. Parker. Among tbe | universities no other is so truly Pestaloz? zian as Johns Hopkins. Its laboratories, apparatus, books, everything is for the purpose of use in investigation. Jour? nals of mathematics, philology, history, biology, and chemiBtry are printed for the. purpose of publishing what the students have found out. Investigation is the law of the school. Johns Hopkins will grow, because it is founded on a correct educational principle?because its basis is upon the rock, "That method of teaching is the best that leads the pupil to investigate for himself."?School Jour? nal. THE HOUND LAKE SUMMER SCHOOL. Bound Lake, the celebrated camping ground, near Saratoga, is to be the seat of a summer school this year?the School of Methods and Practice. There will be a department of industrial art?includ? ing clay and Band modeling, phonogra? phy, type writing and penmanship; a department of fine arts?drawing, paint? ing and music; of oratory ; of language ?English, Anglo-Saxon, French, Ger? man, Italian, Spanish, Latin, Greek and Hebrew ; of natural science; of history and economics; a kindergarten, and a model primary and intermediate school. Heretofore the summer assembles at Round Lake have been occupied with religious or temperance meetings, but now education, which is really the twin sister of religion, is to have a place on its program. Round Lake will ever be a popular resort, Christian in character. Thin has been, in, and will bo its glory. But it must broaden itb spit it into nobler catholicity and become a ministry to the deep intellectual cravings of heart and mind. Religion and education must work together for the enlightenment and inspiration of all society. Knowledge is power. Mind craves it. The ambition of the age is to know that we may do aud be. The assembly, as at present managed, aims at this by its normal work and lecture system. In this it has done good work. But the time has come to double its teaching power, and touch other needs of other hundreds, who, having never had good educational advantages, yet . hunger for knowledge, and now having the leisure of a few weeks of summer vacation, can take up long-neglected lines of study for mental and social cul? ture. The school will be under the director? ship of Prof. J. H. Worman, Ph. D., the author of the noted series of language books. This will afford an opportunity to the teachers who have used his books and are desirous of studying with h:m, or those whom he has trained, an oppor? tunity of doing so. , The faculty includes over forty well known teachers and as many eminent lecturers. The attractions of the place are well-known?a beautiful grove on the borders of Bound Lake; and its location is directly on "the Broadway of American Life"?the route from Albany to Saratoga, Lake George, and the Adi ronacks (D. & H. C. Co. R. R.) Special rates will be made for those attending the Bcbool. and every Saturday there will be excursions to the neighboring places of interest. Mr. J. I). Rogers, of Round Lake, N. Y., will send circulars, or the Bound Laie Journal to all appli? cants. Who Burned Columbia. Editor Columbia Register:?As the Northern papers have again revived the question as to who burned Columbia, it may not be out of place to state a few facts which came to my own knowledge, and which have never been published, although it is pretty well known and even conceded by the North that Sher? man was the destroyer. My father, who remained in Columbia during its occu? pancy by Sherman, and whilst standing on the.front porch on the evening of the 17th, with Major Whitner of Mount Pleasant, Iowa, whose headquarters were at our residence, observed some signals across the river and asked what was the meaning of those signals. The Major said : "Mr. Niernsee, your city is doomed. That is the signal for the 17th corps to enter the city and commence the work of destruction, and I would advise you im? mediately to take your family to a place of safety, for it is not safe for them to remain in the city." Besides this, myself, my brother Geo. and Flynn Davis were the last of Hamp? ton's cavalry who left the city. When we left we saw Mayor Goodwin and the late John Agnew in a barouche riding out Main street to meet Sherman's ad? vance guard, and when we turned into Elmwood avenue, by Judge Piereon's house, Sherman's advance was entering the city. I distinctly remember that at that time there was no sign of fire in the streets or elsewhere, and we had passed through the principal streets, in which bales of cotton were piled, and noticed that very few bales were broken or scat? tered. Also, following up Mr. Elkins' remarks in this morning's issue in regard to Hampton's letter restraining Sherman from shooting any more prisoners, I can freely verify the same. I was taken prisoner in a fight between Liberty Hill and Lancaster Court House, South Caro? lina, and confined in Lancaster jail with some seventy-five or one hundred other Confederates. Whilst in jail, was com? pelled to draw lots as to the number of Borne ten or twelve who were to be shot in retaliation for some of Sherman's men who were said to have been murdered by Hampton's men. We all drew, and those who got the ill-fated numbers were detailed out, but the shooting was never carried out. -Afterwards I learned that General Hampton's letter was the cause of the order being rescinded. I was re? captured by General Hampton in a fight at Rock Fish Creek, near Fayetteville, ?N?.C. We were all confined in a pen buiifof raIls>?wtftittrBf-about 160 Con? federates. The guard on seeing Hamp? ton charge in our direction, an?Vseoing that we wore about to bo released, delib? erately, at pointblank range, empti&d their rifles into u< and then took to their heels. During my captivity I repeated? ly heard the men say that they had license to do as they pleased whilst in Sonth Carolina, and time and again I saw them fire dwellings, barns, etc., and, in fact, anything that would-burn was set on fire. But their fierceness seemed to subside as soon as North Carolina was entered, although they did a great deal of destruction in that State. Frank Niebnsee. ? Crime and Poverty. Washington, July 19.?The Secreta? ry of the Interior to day sent to the Sen? ate the report of Fred. H. Wynes, Special Agent of the Tenth Census, on the de? fective, dependent and delinquent classes. It shows the totnl number of prisoners confined in jails, work houses and peni? tentiaries in the United States in 1880 to be 58,000, of which 53,604 were males and 5,005 females; 45,802 native and 12,807 foreigners; 41,861 whites, and 16,748 colored. The number of prisoners to each one million of population is given as 1,069. In 1870 it'was 853. The number of insane persons was 91,959 or 1,838 for each one milliou of population. In 1870 the total was 37,432, or 971 for each mil? lion. The number of homeless children of sixteen years and under in 1880 was 57,423, of which 30,171 were males and 27,252 females. The number of idiots receiving special training is 809. This class haB increased from 24,527 in 1870 to each one million of population, and in the latter year it was 1,533. The total number of blind in the United States in 1880 was 58,928, or^976 in each one million of population. The number of blind receiving instruction was 4,691. The number of deaf mutes reported to have received special instruction in the 1 various institutions for the deaf and dumb is 12,154. The number of outdoor, paupers in 1880 is given as: Males, 10,390; females, 11,305 ; 17,902 are na? tives and 3,693 foreigners, 19,328 white and 2,267 colored. The number of almshouse paupers was: Males, 35,564 ; females, 30,639, of which 37,603 -were white, and 5,717 colored. How Did They Kuow ? A writer in Land and Water says: I saw a curious case recently of what I may call the "hereditary instinct" of animals. I was in a field in which there were some five and twenty cows and a bull grazing. It was Sunday, and all was quiet and still. IJieard a low roar or bellow. I thought it was the bull, but every animal in the field lifted its head and left off grazing. There was another loud roar, and all the cows began walking towards and "centreing" on the bull, just as if they were going to mob a dog, and while I remained watching them they kept at "attention," uot resuming their grazing. Wombwell'a menagerio was about a quarter of a mile from the field, and the roar was the roar of a lion. It must have been hundreds, aye, perhaps thousand of years since the ancestors of these cattle heard the roar of a lion, but still thoy recognized it as an enemy. ? A New York woman, who is fond of notoriety, has had the hoof? of her horses ?ilded, and they create a sensation when riven in Central park. LABOR AND CAPITAL. The Impending Danger?Wealth and Pov? erty. It seems that the conflict between Labor and Capital, like that between Science so-called and Religion, is to be endless. And it seems that, no matter what the form of government of a coun? try may be, whether democratic or despot? ic, and as long as the possession of money gives power and influence, the conflict between Capital aud Labor, or Wealth and Poverty, must continue with, unabat? ed force. The writer of this is a Democrat. I believe in the absolute equality of all men before the law. I believe that all men, aa men, without regard to race or color have certain inalienable rights, chief amongst which are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Kings and aristocraceis of all kinds are rub? bish, which should be abolished and removed as nuisauces. All officers and office-holders, whether Presidents, Con? gressmen or Constables, are servants of the people, created and appointed to take care of their interests, and nothing more. The highest rank, tbe highest position, any man can now hold in the world, is that of a private citizen of the United States. No rank nor station is above mine. I doff my hat to no creature on earth except as an act of courtesy, or the majesty of the law. So, of course, I prefer democratic forms of government to all others. Democratic tribulence is far better than aristocratic insolence. ' But Democrat as I am ; believing in the largest liberty for each individual; believing in the largest liberty of thought ?that everything in the Universe is a proper subject of investigation ; and preferring democratic tribulence, or its risk, to the calm peace of a Bettled tyran? ny and strong government, yet I see that many and great dangers attend a Democ racy. As great, perhaps, as threaten any other form of government, and dangers, too, which the present constitution and laws of the United States are powerless to arrest or cure. There ia one, which, it seems to me, is likely to grow to gigant? ic proportions at some not very distant day in the future, if not checked in time. The very freedom of our institutions tends to hasten the danger and to foster its growth. Many thonghtful persons are already beginning to feel and Bee the danger as something very real and palpa? ble. It is fortunate that it is ao; for a remedy may be sought and found and applied in time. Some years must elapse, however, before the evil becomes very great. Many years may elapse. But the evil 1b sure to press heavily and with crushing weight upon tbe people when? ever the country becomes thickly popu? lated, unless in the meantime some remedy is found and applied. So long as there is an outlet for the surplus popula? tion, and ample scope and verge for the energetic activity of all to expend itself freely in various enterprises, the pressure will not be very great But let the coun? try once become full of people; let there be a redundant population and no outlet for the surplus?and such a time must come in the very nature of things?then the great body of tbe people will be landless and poor, while wealth will still abound and vast fortunes will be held by the .few. Let such a time come, and come it must unless a Divine catastrophe prevents, and it does not require the clear vision of a prophet to Bee that the condi? tion of the great mass of the people will be most deplorable-, if not unendurable. Now, according to our democratic doctrine of every man for himself and the absolute equality of all before the law, we see that tbe individuality of each person becomes clearly defined and tbe idea of mutual dependence and helpful? ness gradually vanishes. It becomes a free fight. Tbe competition becomes bo sharp that it is as much as anyone can do to hold his own with'the most strenuous efforts he can put forth. And so the evil grows, and so it will conrinue to grow as the population increases and aa the com? petition grows sharper and sharper. The constitution and the laws as they now are can give us no hope; for the?e only pro? tect us in our rights of person and prop? erty, and the evils of which I now write are brought about by the exercise of those very rights. Our institutions, being based upon the absolute equality of every individual before the law, tend to foster the spirit of independence, which is so -fefvgpod ; but in many cases they enlarge and str<rf?g|he:i that innate selfishness common to mab>shicih ia perhaps already too large. Hence ot^rjaws as they are can give no check to thafc^hich is now a rapid and ever-increasing evin^ Henry George, in his work o? "Pro greas and Poverty," suggests as^oirS remedy that the right of individual property in land be abolished and that ; all land belong to the State. Many sensible pcreons favor this, and the remedy might be good for a time, but it might ultimately produce greater evils than those intended to be averted. It was the wish, if I mistake not, of some of the first Bottlers of New England that i ; all things in their colony should be in common, and especially that the land should have no private owners, so making the State a true Christian Socialistic community. The experiment failed. The non-workers and loafers soon became too great a burden upon the industrious \ inhabitants, and they were compelled in self-defence to appeal to the natural I selfhood and institute private property. Through the influence of the Gracchi, agrarian laws were passed at' Rome ; but the Gracchi were murdered and the laws availed not to remedy the evils they were intended to correct. ? It might do some good to have a law passed, applicable to all the States of the Union, that no citizen, nor inhabitant, nor corporation, nor partnership, shall accumulate more property or money than a certain fixed amount or value; thus cheeking cupidity and limiting the grasp? ing disposition natural to all men to a fixed amount beyond which tbey could not go. Whether such a law would do any good, or whether it would soon become a mere dead letter, I am unable to say. As the great majority of meu can never grow rich at any time, such a law might be found beneficial in keeping the weak and poor from being so terribly oppressed as tbey might otherwise be. But whether there is any remedy or not, of this the reader may be sure: that the causes now in operation, remaining un? checked for one or two hundred years, will produco a stale of sobriety as bad as ever Rome bad in her most luxurious and evil days. The people of this coun? try are now rushing heedless and head? long to a most desperate and horrible condition. Free, prosperous, rich, the selfhood pampered and inflated to the highest degree; feeling that they have the right to take possession of anything that it is possible for them to appropriate, a future is before the people of the United States at the contemplation of which the philanthropist may well trem? ble. It may be thought strange that one should prophesy evil at a time of the greatest prosperity, when it seems impos? sible for anything to occur sufficient to blast the bright prospects now before the country. The prosperity itself is one great source of danger. A fourth of a century ago, at a time of the greatest prosperity, the country seemed determin? ed to tear out its very vitals, to dismem? ber itself, and to slaughter all of its sous that it could bring to the butcher pen. It survived the terrible crisis an entered upon a new career of prosperity and grcaLncHH. "TribtihUio tlifaf." to a motto once stamped upou some of tbe Continen? tal currency. The motto is a brave and a good one. The greatest dangor to a people is not in a time of adversity but of properity. It is prosperity that is to work the ruin of the people of this coun? try, if they do not learn wisdom in time. Intellectual training and education alone cannot avert it, though these are good and necessary. High intellectual train? ing united with gre.it material prosperity may bring their possessors to that pitch of intense self-satisfaction that they are almost, if not quite, ready to worship themselves as gods and to believe that the infernal self hood is divine. Towards that condition the people of the United States are moving, and the laws and the constitution now in force are not sufficient to check their career. ' If, then, no higher principles nor mo? tives can be brought to .bear upon the people so as to check this tendency ; if the reliance to save the country tmd the people from ruin is upon an enlightened self-interest aud that alone, then the re? liance is vain and ruin is sure, unless that enlightened self-interest is quick to see the danger and devise and apply new constitutions and laws as the emergencies occur. Few constitutions and new laws must be framed for the government of the States and of the United Status; for the present will be found insufficient for the future. If the danger is not met and averted by law, it will be met without law. And that method will not avert it, for anarchial violence never accomplishes what it aims to do. That the people of this country have the right to make any law that they think will insure their safety and protection, there can be no doubt. In them is vested the supreme power. . They are abo 'e all constitutions and all laws except those of God ; for constitutions and laws emanate from them, and they have the right to make any changes in constitution) and laws that they may see fit, or whenever their safety may require it. No rested right, so-called, can be permitted to stand in the way of the welfare of the people. And if the liberty of one individus.l, or of a combination of individuals, becomes dangerous to the general welfare, then that liberty must be restricted. So, if the accumulation of wealth in the hands of a few becomes oppressive to the great majority, that accumulation mus; be checked, so that the poor and the weak may not be crushed. How that check may best be brought to bear I know not. What form the constitution will asuome it is impossible to sny. But a change must be made at some time, and that time perhaps is not ft-r off. The people, knowing what is due to them, knowing that they are the source of all power, will have little inclination to look up to men of wealth as leaders, when that wealth is used to increase their burdens, and when they know it has been accumulated main? ly by unjust speculatious in brcadstuffs or by corners in stocks. There is a remedy for all the evils that afflict humanity; it is one to which writers on political and social subjects seldom refer. It is thought, I suppose, to be impracticable and quixotic by men of the world; so it is left for Sunday wear, to be discussed in the pulpits once a week. That remedy is that every one who professes to be a Christian be one in fact. When this is done all is done; and soon that perfect state of equal rights and privileges, without poverty and without wealth, that has floated for ages as a brilliant mirage before the men? tal vision of philanthropists, prophets and poets, would be a fixed, unchange? able and divine reality. At present, however, there seems to be little reason to hope for the speedy application of this remedy. And failing this, appeals can be made only to enlightened self-in? terest, or to war revolution bloodshed, resulting in the dissolution of the exult? ing order and the beginning of a new. j In conclusion, let me beg the readers of this article, if there should be any, that I have no animosity against the rich. I know too well that he who is poor and oppressed to-day wonld become rich and a tyrannical oppressor to-mor? row were he able. Those who have no money are no better than they who have millions. All have the same nature ; all are equally avaricious; all are engaged in the same foolish struggle for satisfac? tion in the possession and enjoyment of material things, which ends always, and cannot end otherwise, than in disappoint? ment and disgust. I have written simply as a student of history and.of man, and as an observer of the tendency of things to-day.. All schemes for the betterment of the condition of society, without the absolute regeneration of the members composing it, are mere palliatives and do good for a very little while only, if at all. Therefore war becomes absolutely neces? sary and acts like a storm in the element!) of nature, breaking up the old order of things and giving opportunities for the introduction of a new and better. But human nature remains the same, and the ~sam~e~ $IG9S?8es must be gone through with forever>,<r5iiLibe little leaven has leavened the whole lump^ftfiiChristiani ty, having regenerated humanTfyT'>itJ?fi. conquered the world.?John A. Chap? man, in Newberry Observer. From Black to White. Student, Seneca, S. C, to Atlanta Constitution: "Is there any authentic instance of a uegro turning white?" Dr. Hutchison, of New York, tells of a caso that occurred in 1851. The sub? ject was a slave belonging to Mr. B., in the neighborhood of Marshal, Salina County, Missouri. He had been born in Kentucky of uegro parents, and was, himself, perfectly black until he was twelve years of age. At the time Dr. Hutchison was called to see him he was forty-five. At twelve a portion of skin an inch wide, encircling the head within the edge of the hair, gradually changed to white, and so did the hair covering tne portion. A white spot next appeared near the inner cauthus of the left eye, and from this the color gradually extend? ed over the face trunk and extremities, until it covered the entire surface. The complete change from black to while occupied about ten years, and but for the hair, which was crisped or woolly, no one would have supposed, at this time, that the man's progenitors had possessed any of the peculiarities of the negro, his skin presenting the appearance of that of a healthy, fair complexioned Euro? pean. Wheu he was about twenty-two years old, dark brown or copper-colored spots began to appear on his face and hands, being limited to those portions of the surface which were exposed to the -light He had the measles and whoop? ing cough when black, and had them both again when white. This recurrence, though remarkable, was not unprece? dented in the same person. The color of his eyes remained jet black. With the exception of chronic rheumatism and the occasional illness mentioned, Joe, as he was named, enjoyed excellent health. Dr. Hutchison obtained the history of his case from the subject himself, and from Mrs. B., a respectable and intelli? gent lady in whose family Joe was born and raised. ? A curious freak of nature'was on exhibition in the stables of Messrs. W. R. Doty & Co. on Thursday. It was a pig, born with all its parts fully devel? oped except its head. In the centre of the head was one large eye; and just be? low it was a snout, resembling very much the trunk of an elephant. It is needless to say that it was dead, and was viewed by large crowds during the whole day.? Winnsboro News and Herald. ? In a Chinese village during a time of drought a missionary saw a row of idols put in the hottest and dustiest part of the ruad. lie inquired the reason, aud the natives answered, "Wc prayed our gods to send us rain, and they won't; so we put them out to see how they like the heat and dryness." A SOUTHERN HERMIT. The Borannric Story of a North Carolina Recluse. In 1812, just seventy-one yesw ago, John Armstrong was borne near Wil? mington, North Carolina. He was the only son of a well-to-do farmer and re? ceived an ordinary common scboul edu? cation. At twenty years of age be became enamored of a young woman named Carrie Scott, daughter of a farmer who came from Virginia and who pur? chased the land adjoining the farm of Armstrong's father. John's love seemed to be reciprocated and he lived on in blissful anticipation of a happy future. For two years be was asBiduoas in his attention, and the wedding day was final? ly decided upou. There was no happier man in tbe State of North Carolina than John Armstrong. Tbe eventful day arrived. John arose early, arrayed him? self in his wedding suit, and, in company with a few invited guests, set out for the home of bis expected bride. On tbe way he was met by a colored servant, who, in few words, told him that Miss Carrie bad been married at seven o'clock that morn? ing to a Northern gentleman by the name of Samuel Opdyke and had started on a wedding journey North in a cariage. < For a moment Armstrong was paralyz? ed with astonishment, but presently recovering his self-possession, he looked about him upon his wondering group of sympathetic spectators. Then, without uttering a word, he put spurs to his horse, and, leaving his guests still in tbe road, soon disappeared in the distance. He was never seen again in the neighborhood, and although every effort was made to discover his whereabouts, they invariably proved futile, and finally tbe community settled down to the belief that he hau committed suicide, A MURDEROUS REVENGE. Years passed away and the circum? stance was forgotten. His father and mother had died, and, although John was the legitimate heir to the estate, an uncle took charge of tbe farm until he should be found. One day during the war a Federal officer, to escape capture by a scouting party of Confederate caval? ry, took refuge in a swamp. In wander? ing about he became bewildered and pen? etrated still deeper into the gloomy recesies of the great forest. He suddenly came face to face with a man armed with an ordinary shotgun. "Hullo, stranger, who be you ?" "A soldier who has lost his way," replied the officer, Beeing that conceal? ment of his position was impossible. "Not one o' us, I guess ?" queried the man. "No, I'm an officer in the Federal army." "Wall, stranger, I'm no killer, though I'm mighty strong again thar Yankees. What might yer name be ?" "Samuel Opdyke." .. . The man started back and cocked his gun. "Opdyke?Opdyke?the scoundrel who married Carrie Scott and destroyed my happiness." "I did marry Carrie Scott?married her because I loved her. But who are you, that you should get so excited over the matter?" "Me?me?why, I'm John Armstrong, courted that are gal, and she vowed she loved me better than anything else in the world. But she deceived meher heart was hollow; she was fake to me and I have my revenge." And be raised his gun and pulled the trigger. Captain Samuel Opdyke fell dead at his feet. In relating this the old man?for he himself told the story?became terribly agitated and rubbed his.hands in appar? ent fiendish exultation. "Ah!" said he, "that were a moment of sweet revenge." LIVING THE LIFE OF A HERMIT. For nearly fifty years he has lived alone in tbe North Carolina forests. He deter? mined, when the servant on that fatal morning brought him the startling and bitter intelligence that his would-be bride had violated her promise, to forever turn his back on humanity. The cabin in which he lives he built himself.. It is in the gloomiest and remotest solitude of the forest, and were it not for the little garden he cultivates, thus evidencing tbe J existence of civilization, would be a dismal abode indeed. He endeavors to avoid the society of men as much as Eossible and is exceedingly annoyed that is hiding place has become known. He was accidentally discovered by a party of hunters. He is still vigorous for his age and although his hair and long flow? ing beard are white as snow, be walks erect and with an elastic, buoyant step. When he does condescend to talk he is cheerful and entertaining in his conver? sation, but studiously avoids any refer? ence to the female sex. He avers that he has not seen or spoken to a woman for the past thirty years, and has never seen a railroad car or steamboat. He knows T^Rfisrativelv little of the incidents of every dav iife^o'rfjfr?g. in the outside world. He is a constant nftreteJ" jrf Jigi^ gious and scientific works and an ardent student of natural history. Ho hat a magnificent collection of specimens in the entomological world, embracing bugs, beetles and butterflies. He can tell cor? rectly the name and habits of every insect native to the neighborhood. He is also an expert with the pen-knife. Since his abode has become known tbe boys bring him tobacco, knick-knacks, etc., in J exchange for which he gives them crosses, hearts, whistles, etc., which he makes from beef bones. These he carves with an ordinary knife and file, though tbe work is slow and tedious. He is contem? plating moving to more secluded quarters, and it will not be surprising if, some fine morning, the boys will search for John Armstrong in vain.?Newberne letter to the Philadelphia Times. Surrendering to a Ball Frog. One of the best of Sam Small's war ntoriea is this: "When things were hot around Atlanta, Capt. Evan Howell received an order to reconnoiter across the Chattahoochee river and ascertain if tbe Federal troops bad retired. The night was black as ink. He read the order to his men, but was surprised to find them all disqualified for the risky j'ob. One couldn't swim, another had rheumatism, still another always took cramps in the water, and so it went down tbe whole line. But the order had to be obeyed. So Howell plunged into the river and made for the other side. He was a remarkably good swimmer and felt sure he was making no noise, yet he became so frightened that each stroke seemed to him to arouse the whole Fed? eral camp. Now and then a lightning bug appeared, and, confident it was the flash of a Yankee musket, be ducked under water. By and by he got so near tbe shore that be could wade, and be was creeping along as cautiously as possible, hh teeth chattering with fear, when of a sudden he struck against an old tree that bad fallen into the river. Just then a huge bull frog gave a sonorous blurt and jumped into the river. Unable to retain hid self-possession any longer, Howell threw up both hands and yelled in terror, 'I surrender, I surrender.' When he finally reached the camp not a Yankee could be seen, but a smouldering fire gave evidence that they had recently dfcumped." -- Nellie (who has just been hustled out of her chair by her small but ob? streperous brother)?"Do you see, mam? ma! Herman is such a naughty boy I I do wish, dear mamma, you would bo moid careful in the selection of your children 1" ? A boy in Hancock County, Tonnes Bee, shot aud killed himself to save him* self a threatened whipping. Debts. An honest man's the noblest work of God. ?Pope. "I am in debt." Well, to say the least, you are certainly unfortunate. It is possible, however, that this condition of things may have arisen without design on your part, for with the best of purpo? ses we are liable to miscalculate; out oftener our pecuniary embarrassments are the product of downright carelessness. Our slipshod way of doing business, our freenefs of expenditure and want of economical habits are, in most cases, the causes of our involvment. But whatever may have been the cause, make your arrangements at once to relieve yourself of these embarrassments by economy and frugality in your expenditures and thrift in your habita. 1. Understand what you owe, and the rate of interest at which the debt is in? creasing. It is a Bbame to a man to let bis debts get beyond his knowledge. To say the least, it argues a criminal negli? gence, and certainly smacks of dishones? ty. To accomplish your purpose, make the best arrangement you can with your creditors. Christ Bays: "Agree (ar? range) with thine adversary (creditor) quickly while thou art in the way with him." 2. Determine to pay. If you cannot pay the whole debt, pay a part. If yon cannot pay a h und red dollars, pay fifty ; if you cannot pay fifty, pay ten; if you cannot pay ten, pay five; if you cannot pay five, pay one?out pay. 3. Keep on good terms with your cred? itors. It argues badly when a man who owes money falls out with his creditors. Some persons seem to Jhink that a credi? tor has no rights. If he is not as indul? gent as you desire, regard him not as an enemy. He has rights, and he wishes to Srotect them. Ponder upon the words of olomon, "The borrower is servant to the lender," and escape from this bondage as soon as possible. 4. Never deceive him to whom you owe money. Do not make rash promises to meet payment. Let not the importunity of a creditor lead you into lying. Main? tain a reputation with your creditor for scrupulous truth and honesty. ' 5. Never Buffer yourself to grow easy under debt. As soon as this indifference is permitted to steal upon you, you are dishonest.. It is far better to feel the chafing of the yoke than to become callous to its galling friction. There is always more nope when a sick person has {the vitality to feel his sickness than when he becomes insensible to his condition. A man who has so far thrown off his pecu? niary obligations as not to be troubled about them, has become a dishonest man and an object slave. He will never pay bis debts. He has settled upon his con? dition of debt as his heritage for life. 6. If your obligation is a "security debt," remember, it is as legally and mor? ally a debt as any other. Do not dis? criminate against" it or make effort to escape its demands. You voluntarily incurred ! it, and do not sacrifice your honor in an attempt to escape payment. You may not have been wise in failing to observe the words of Solomon: "Be thou not one of them that are sureties (securities) for debts. He that hateth suretyships (security) is sure;" but now that you have incurred the debt, ac? knowledge it and pay it. - 7. Do not put yourself in the dishon? orable attitude of a large class of involved, property holders, who place their proper? ty in the hands of their wives, ana them? selves in a position of defiance towards their creditors. This may display cun? ning in fraud, but robs you of a high and honorable position in society. 8. Never suffer a debt to become rusty with age. You may not be able to prevent its growing old, but you can certainly keep it bright. A note ont of date, though it has lost its legal authority, is as perfect in its moral claim'as when first signed by you. 9. If you have taken advantage of the "Bankrupt Act," or claimed the "Home? stead," do not entertain the dishonest idea that your debts are canceled. The law has wisely staid the band of your creditors, so as to give you the opportu? nity to make money; but the moral claims of your creditors are as fresh and good as ever before. Make money and pay your debts. 10. Part with your luxuries, give up tobacco, attend no shows, give no dinners, invite no company. What right have you to puff out in tobacco smoke and spit out in amber what properly belongs to your creditors, or what right have you to be hospitable, free and generous on what is really not yours??Rev. Hekey M. Mood in Southern Christian Advocate. A Bare Bird. j Oounty Auditor Percival, who has ac? quired quite a reputation as a collector of natural curiosities, has the moat re? markable rooster on record. He bought the cock and two hens several months ago, ?ffifl^nit four weeks since the rooster 8h7w"ed*slg^ofw*flSDg.to taking his place on a nest and stlyiill^f6 contin? uously for Beveral days. CapIfcrB-^?^17" al having his attention called to it/trfieL five eggs put in the nest, expecting, however, that the gentleman fowl would soon tire of bis self-imposed maternal duties. To the surprise of every one, however, the rooster continued to set until the allotted time for incubation when four little chicks came forth to greet his anxious and persistent care. He has since shown all the care for them which any ben could; scratches for them, calls them with a rather base attempt at a cluck, but which the little chicks recognize as readily as if he was a she, and at night be gathers them as regularly under his wings as though he had been used to the business all his life. Occa? sionally, as if to assert that be is still a rooster, be crows lustily, and will leave the chicks for a few moments to show some little gallantries to the bens in the yard, quick returning to look after his few orphans again. Altogether it is a remarkable case of departure from ani? mal instincts, and is a rather startling manifestation of the doctrine of evolu? tion.?Columbia Register. Sometime Ah I sad and dreary must be the heart to which that word "sometime" brings no joyful anticipation. To the most of us it is a sweet song, murmuring to and fro among the topmost bough of hope, filling the whole air with such joy and gladness as do the songs of the birds when the Bummer morning comes out of the darkness, and a day is born again to the world. It is a possession of the future. There is the soft music, and the sweet, fragrant flowers which our hands would fain grasp, while now we can only catch the faint perfume, and hear the melody as a far-off strain. To one this possession is a homestead over whose roof no shadow falls, over whose threshold no voice of sorrow is ever heard; to another it is a palace built upon eternal hills, proud in grandeur of spires and pinnacles; again, to the worn and weary, jtjs.-a season of complete rest and to ainfls an untiring enjoyment. It is a most fit subject for the most fervent petition, to pray to be delivered from the despair which comes when hope in the future, in tho "sweet sometimes,"' is lost. ? "I'd pity you if I wero your mother," said a lady on the strcot to a young boy whom she observed commit? ting some mischief. "So you ought to, and so would everybody pity mo, if I had such a terrible-looking mother as you." Keeping Onr Lnud Southern Cultivator. I read in the (hUivafomki)(lji(ki cultural journals a great many iirtiefl these days about manures and'fcr'iliztn but I take the ground that manuring and" fertilizing amount to but little unless'we';' prepare the land first for manure by fir&t restoring to the land humu^ land'wi?i?'!; out humus I consider too far exhausted'-, to be benefitted by manuring, unVesa wei can afford to cover tbe grqund brr,adc with vegetable manures, which y e oa?. not afford to do because the bpginniijf must be by turning under vegetabi* growth with plow annually, such an - clo? ver, vines, weeds; grass, stalksfabd and everything that will decay and and make humus in the land. Thji done, then we can use a small qualify of lot manure and fertilizers to swqig a<] vantage. But usiDg a small ambaat. of manure on exhausted soils that are with? out humus to retain moisture does aboui as much good as to treat a sick man wit remedies inadequate to reach tbe.dse Rotating crops and turning und&jm table matter is manuring itself, aoi the best manuring we can do, for i?f efits the crops, and auch manuring*^ manent if regularly kept vip. farms that have been annually % and expensively fertilized with coc cial fertilizers and cotton seed, arJ are getting more exhausted ever I account for it in this way, that t lacks: humus, and without burnt nures do but little good. It may 1 the crops if tbe land is kept mois regular rains, but if dry it don'l benefit the crops. Bui my plan is i rich the land by restoring humus, and'-i you benefit the land your crops will' " benefitted; this must be done with ; plow by plowing under vegetable mat Turn out a part of your fields every yc to rest, and sow down a part in cl and small grains, and when, you hat leave a long stubble to turn under j: turn under corn and cotton stalks an grass, and all litter on tbe land, bora nothing,, and by so doing, in a few y> you will see a great improvement in;'y lands,and lot manures will go a-tj; way, as light manuring will go a jj;ji way, as light manuring will count iiVjj have humus in the land, and I may adds /the very first step.to be taken js to f vent your fields from washing by.-M cing and ditching. So the first and % portant study and duty of the farmer, to keep his field from washing, and\ ije: to restore humus to his lands; if il% done, manuring becomes less expei;| and more profitable, and yonr farm .ji improve in its production and value, * will take labor to do this, but tbe oa^j the labor will be much less and raor< munerative than what it has cos| commercial fertilizers.' Since the! the great mistake made by our fain was depending too much on money T what we should and could have ourselves with the labor we had at command. We thought it was - easiecVt Eay out money for many things than ave those things done by giving !t immediate attention; we would buy our meat than to take the trouble raise it; bo with corn, fertilizers many other things. I have never \ sued .that plan, and if I have nc made such brag cotton crops as other have made more mcmey than they .1 done by not having to buy meat, i fertilizers and other things. Farming a self-sustaining business, and not so, it cannot be made successful; tl assured by long experience. John H. Dent. Not Called to Preach. An exchange relates; the followi ? good stories of candidates who thought c they had received calls to preach the gc pel: . A young man of African descent offer*:: ed himself to the church as a minister,'. stating that he had a dream in which net plainly saw 6. P. C. in large letter which he interpreted to mean go preach Christ A venerable brother1 did not have a very exalted view of 1 young brother's qualifications spiritu ' or mentally, said he did not doubt vision and the letters, but his interpr tion of G. P. C. meant to. go plow com and go pick cotton. That settled tho matter and the church advised, the youmj aspirant for ministerial honors to follow . the vision as interpreted by the venerable" brother. A good many years ago John Smith,.; familiarly called "Raccoon John," was. pastor of a church in Eastern Kentucky. A half-witted enthusiast applied fosL license to preach, and all the persuasioijla and efforts of the deacons and members.'] failed to induce him to abandon theideai| He honestly believed he was called. The church was sorely perplexed wherri the pastor arrived on his monthly viT ' When the matter was stated to him, advised the brethren to let it come up it conference. At the proper time, the Jroung man, who happened to have very! arge feet, presented himself as a candi-'a date for the ministry. "My younf brother," said the preacher, "if I prove by the Bible that you are not called to'/ ?jeach, will you withdraw your applies* jW^stCTea" he answered without hes? itation. Oper v x :5, Mr. Smith read: "How are the feet of those who pr gospel of peace." Pointing to the pair* of number twelves before him, he added^J "your feet can not be called beautiful,)'?} brother." The argument was conclusive and had the desired effect. Has a Married flan Any Bights 3 . "I say I" said a friend, the other day, j "you are an old hand at it. I only got ] married the other day, and don't under- j stand much about the business. But has a married man any rights when he once assumes the hymeneal responsibilities. "Eights? Yes, lots 1 He's a right to \ pay all the bills, too?" [ "Stop! I mean this. Let me give ? you an instance. Every box and drawer j and portmanteau, and in fact every ! available receptacle of every description, is stuffed full of my wife's property, and when I want to put away a few cam and collars?,. "Hold hard I I know what you mean Listen, young man: If your bed-room" were two hundred yards long, and lined from the floor to the ceiling with drawers, 1 and you wanted a place to stow away a j couple of shirts, you couldn't find a nook J that wasn't filled with the hairpins, friz-' J zero, pads, seentbotties, old gloves, pow? der- puffs, rings and things. So just, \ accept the inevitable. Wrop your per- ] sonal property in an old newspaper or?j some brown paper, and hide the parcel j under the bed." ! He smiled loudly and ironically,, and . passed on, a wiser if not a better man, An Infant's Peculiar Death* About twelve miles from the city, in the upper section of the Courjfc, last ? Wednesday night, the nine-moath'sold ; child of Wo. Eaton met its" death under circumstances that are unique in the an? nals of death by accident. During the . bed, and being caught between, the' ing of the bed and the wall of the r. hung suspended there until the small i of its young life 77aa breathed away. '. cries of the child failed to awaken motherrand when she arose in the mc ing it was to find her infant, hanging L its neck" a lifeless corpse.v The grief s the mother was hoa'rt-rendfbg,; and re dcrcd doubly intense by tho dread! manner of the babe's death.?C New*.