University of South Carolina Libraries
BY E. B MTJEEAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. O, THURSDAY MORNING, JUNE 17, 1886. VOLUME XXL?NO. 49. J. G. CLINKSCALES; Editor. . v .. ;: Control your children at borne, and you may expect the teacher to.have very little trouble witojbem^ . The ISouth Carolina Collegian to May Comes filled with good reading matter. "Mr. W. C. Whitneris one of the scien? tific editors. -? ??-? Miss Dora Norris has just closed a very successful school term. She repjr ts considerable progress among her pupils fand is devoted to her work. Many of the schools that have intend ed all along to have public closing exer? cises have been compelled to forego that . pleasure on account of the rapid decrease in the number of pupils as the busy sea , son with the farmers approaches. /* . It is unfortunate when u parent is con? stantly on the watch for partiality on the part of the teacher. Jiist suggest the idea to your children, and they will soon b'a as watchful as you are; and will soon be able to report its unmistakable exist? ence;- ... ? -? Cadet A. C. Ford is jmc home from the Bingham School, with a good share of medals.?Naiad. The Anderson Mil? itary School is glad to claim Mr. Ford as one of her former pupils. -VI ex us was a ufine boy,, and has^Tefor3ed'.'nto a capi? tal young man. We want a male teacher for a perma? nent school in one of the beft communi? ties in the County. If you ure the man' for tb.6 position and are willing to identify yourself with the interests of the neigh? borhood and give it first-class work as a teacher, apply at this office. None but men making teaching a profession need apply. Don't forget the-Teachers' Institute. Think about it, talk f.bout it, and pre? pare for it. Every teacher mutt be pree entj tf attendance lies within the range of j possibility. ' You may perhaps neglect some other duties of m.'nor importance, but yon can not stay awa/ from the In? stitute without serious damage to your? self and still more serious injury to your | pupils and patrons. Eev. B. H. Blalock, who tanght very. Buccessfully at Williams ton last year, is just finishing up a remarkably successful session at Fountain Inn, Greenville Co., S. C. We hope it may be possible for us to accept his invitation tc witness the closing exercices and address the school on July i&d. Fountain Inn is a J nice place. Beside the pleasure derived from meeti?g Mr. Blalock and his wife, our former pupil,, a trip to Fountain Inn would-be to us especially enjoyable. The white Normal Institute will be opened in Greenville July 3, and con tiouefor -four weeks. The faculty for this Institute has not been fully organ? ized. \Cpl. Afibury Coward, Superinten? dent of Education, will be the immediate . director. Mr. A. J. BickofF,. of New York, will have the general subjects, . "School teaching and methods;" Mrs. A. J. Bickoif, "English grammar and com? position ;? L. E. Klemm;of Ohio, "His* tory and geographyCapL L. C.Lymea, ? of Yorkville, S. C, ?'Natural sciences in '8onoolsj."^Mis3-.Callie Haynes, of Spar? enburg, "PhysiologyAnd hygiene." - How can I hold the attention of every zaember of my class ? is a question that frequently; presents itself to. every anx I ions,:earnest teacher. Let the lesson you are about to teach permeate, your entire being, warming your mind, and your body, tob; if you please. Become your? self enthused, if . you would enthuse your pupils. Let; the spirit that .moves you sparkle iu your oyes> The fire that burns | in you will warm the inind aud heart of Ljourpupil. J "\ - - We-were delighted to notice the close -attention given by the children in Eich mond to their teachers and to the re? sponses of their fellow-students to the questions asked. There is no "lost mo? tion" there! Every word spoken by tbe teacher is spoken for-a purpose, and the children very soon appreciate the fact that it is their loss when a single point is allowed to pass unnoticed. It is as easy to be attentive as inattentive when once the habit of observing every thing closely is formed. Bat, on the other hand, when the habit of inattention is formed, one goes through life in a listless, negative way, in reality not living, but simply hanging on the outer edge of a positive existence. There, every student is re? quired to note and correct the errors of. his neighbor. For instance, a reading class ia before the teacher. The first child stands and reads a paragraph. Upon its conclusion, perhaps a half dozen hands will go up. Errors have been detected. Something is wrong, as the simple raising of the hand is under? stood to indicate. . The teacher calls upon A to mention mistake and correct it. She points out what she conceives to be an error, but is perhaps herself mis? taken.- B notes and corrects iu a clear, ^distinct voice the error she observed. C fcdoes the same, and so it goes on until all the hands are lowered. Thus the exer i eise is made quite interesting and very instructive. Perhaps the mistake con? sists in the mispronunciation of a word, the want of emphasis, or the emphasis of the wrong word. Much attention is given to emphasis. A student may be able to call every word in his lesson, and yet be a very poor reader after all. It is well known that there are very good readers. Some men eat their words, others chew them, and still others spit them. You had better keep a boy on one sentence until he reads it correctly than hurry him loosely over tbe whole of Appleton's Fourth Eeader, or every selection in Cathcart's Liteiary .Bender. DEVICES IN GEOGRAPHY. BY M. J.' MOORE.. 1. After the study of one of the grand divisions lias beon completed,' frequent review* are necessary to keep the proper names from being forgotten. The fol? lowing exercise has all the pleasures of a game, and the advantage of fixing the facts more firmly in the mind. On small slips of paper, write all the proper names that have been used in the study .of the map?mountains, rivers, lakes, capes, peninsulas, gulfs, bays, islands, countries and cities. Put these slips into a box, and the class is ready to begin the game. John, coming before the class, and, drawing a slip of paper, says, "I have here a name in Europe begin? ning with D." Up come the hands. May aBks, "Is it a river in the north -ern part of Buasia ?" John says, - "No, it is not the Dwina." Katie, feeling sure that she knows, asks, "Is it the second river of Eu? rope V* John has forgotten which is the second largest river, and some? body must tell him that she means the Danube, to which he answers, "No." Maud asks if it is a strait connecting the English Channel with the North Sea. Again John replies, "No, it is not Dover." Eddie, who has been patiently waiting to be called upon, asks, "Is it the ? mountains in the Scandinavian pen . inSula?" This time John says, .''Yes, it is the Dovrefield Moun? tains." Now Eddie has his turn at the box. Do not use the same letter twice in one game. . . The spelling can also be reviewed at the same time by requiring the pnpil to write the word on the blackboard, as a condition of having a turn at the box. Commend those pupils who can answer every question without being prompted. 2. They also enjoy this exercise: . Send one pupil out of the room ; and, while he is gone, let the others decide oh some name on the continent that is re? viewed. ^ When he returns, tell him the first letter of the word. Then he must ques? tion the class, or point to what he thinks it is on a large map, the answers being given in concert. 8. Their knowledge of the location and also the spelling may be brought out in this way: Having placed the points for a large map on the blackboard, send a pupil to put on it any thing he chooses, while the others write the names on their slates. This keeps eyes and bauds busy. Map-drawing and locating often be? come dry and uninteresting; and most pupils will put a little more vim into their work, if, once in a while, they can recite their lessons in any of these ways. ?Popular Educator. A Temperance Barroom. ' A writer in the Atlanta Constitution tells of a temperance barroom in Boston that is a great success in every way. It is on Washington. street, and advertised in big letters, "Temperance Drinks." Mr. Eaton, who started this establish? ment three years ago, says that he lost several thousand dollars the first eix months of his experiment. But be is willing and able to wait. He let his saloon advertise itself by its refreshing drinks and attractive furnishing. No prettier barroom can be found in Boston. Behind the marble counter stands six young men in white coals.and caps. Each man wears a flower in his buttonhole and a pleasing look-on his face, being in a business which maketh not ashamed. Over the counter is a long list of the beverages on sale. Besides icecold soda in all its agreeable com? pounds, there are lactarts, egg phos? phates, Moxie's nerve food, hot beef tea, chicken tea, and other refreshing and invigorating fluids, all of the kind that cheers without inebriating. In the rear of the saloon there is a lunch counter, where the very best chicken and ham sandwiches, pies, rolls, and delicious coffee may be had at moderate rotes. ' On any day at lunch time the room will be found crowded, men waiting their turn to take their lunch. The custom at this counter is only limited by the room. Meantime at the drinking counter there is no intermission in the stream of cus? tomers. During the hour Bpent there talking with the proprietor there were more applicants than could be immedi? ately attended to by the large and active force of attendants. Mr. Eaton said they had consumed a hundred dozen eggs in one day during the season for egg phos? phates alone. That means that 1,200 people took a glass of this one fascinat? ing drink on that day. What the sales of other drinks were he did not say; but he does Bay that the profits of the trade are, in his opinion, larger as well as cleaner than are made in the barrooms of the old kind. He has refused large offers to go else? where and repeat bis establishment in other large cities. The success he has made in Boston is due to the personal care he gives to each detail of the busi? ness. Only the very nicest material is used in the preparation of bis refresh? ments'. ? The eggs are furnished by one collector, who is paid nearly double the market priGffW&arrant their freshness. So particular is the proprietor that he gave up the use of grape milk, a profita? ble and popular unfermented drink, because he found it to contain H per cent, of alcohol. There is no fuss of philanthropy about this barroom; no pretence that it is carried on for any other purpose than to make money. And the interesting and encouraging feature about it is just here: it really pays better than a liquor saloon of its size would pay. What the gains are to the people who accept it, in place of tbe old tap, nobody can tell. But Mr. Eaton would be less than human if those gains did not add something to the satisfaction which he gets from the others. Only he does n"t wish his business advertised for what \ is not. It is business strictly with him, not charity, mercy or reforma? tion. He entered upon it as a specula? tion, and finds it a paying one. ? The first penitentiary in Indiana was built of logs, and the first inmate was a farmer, sent in for counterfeiting money. This prisoner was allowed to go home to do his spring plant? ing and also to put iu his crop yearly during his stay. An Cltl Soldier Talks About the Virgin ia Battle Fields. Fron the Spartanburg Spartan. On May 14th I left Spartanburg on the 3.45 p. m. train, accompanied by a most agreeable traveling companion. On our tour we have visited some interesting scenery. Bichmond, tbe Confederate Capitol. We had known her only in her war dress and under martial law. What a variety of scenes of the past are recalled as we revisit the city?the amusing, the mourn? ful, and the terrible. What living Con? federate does not remember "Sockets" loaf bread and beef sausage? The mournful scenes at the hospitals, Camp, Winder and Chimborazo? The sur? rounding battlefields with their awful thunder aud death ? Yet, after all her misfortunes, Bichmond has grown great. The grounds occupied by the hospital barracks of Winder and Chimborazo are now laid off in beautiful parks, contain? ing elegant residences. Not far distant from Winder is Hollywood cemetery, a lovely spot, whose very atmosphere seems to remind us that we are treading on sa? cred ground. In a section of this beau? tiful cemetery with its trees, shrubbery, and flowers lie the remains of fifteen thousand Confederate soldiers. Marble tomb utones mark a few of the soldiers' graves, but with a few exceptions, a piece of wood, capped with metal on which a number is stamped,, marks their graves. A few paces Southwest of the great granite pyramid erected in memory of the Confederate dead is the S. C. division. What ?, volume of history is suggested to the mind while reviewing Capitol Park, with its statutes and monuments. The statue of Stonewall Jackson is added to tbe many erections in memory of disiin guished Virginians. Procuring a buggy and a beautiful animal, which we called "Dollie," we drove down the nine mile road to the famous Seven Pines Battle Field. Approaching this field, I invol? untarily gazed in the distance for the Federal balloons which hovered over tbe dreadful carnage below. But on ap? proaching, there is a feeling of relief at j seeing the busy plowman turning the soil that once trembled beneath the shock olf contending armies. Mr* Lyons, a Virginian, once a member of the 7th S. C. Cavalry, resides here in a house built on the battle field, and has collected numerous relics of the battle, ?guns, swords, bayonets, bombs, frag? ments of bombs, minie balls, &c. He told me they frequently plowed them up now in cultivating the soil, and sad to ielate, also human skeletons. In a large brick enclosure on this field, set with trees and shrubbery over which floats the TJ. S. flag, lie buried the remains of many thousand Federals. After selecting some relics of this famous battle field, we returned to Richmond and fookthe York Biver and Chesapeake Line for Baltimore. Going abroad the beautiful steamer,, Louise, a; West Point, we had fine sailing on York river, Chesapeake Bay and Patapsco Biver. There is much interest? ing scenery on this line, and to lovers of fine oyster*, we say keep mum, until you try some of the full grown York river or Norfolk, where two make a moss.; After visiting City Park and some of the inter? esting places in Baltimore we took the train and came to Washington. This is the place for sight seeing. The Capi? tal building with its great marble rooms, i its statuary and its paintings, ia indeed magnificent and should be thus, to reflect the greatness of this nation. The Botanical Gardens are splendid and exhibit tbe flora of the world, Smithsonian Institution, with the annex, the National Museum, seem inexhausti? ble in their store of curiosities. Here are deposited the collections of all tbe Arctic expeditions and all other curiosi? ties and they would require weeks to examine carefully. The exhibit embraces the fowls, fishes, and animals that inhabit land or water on the globe. On Satu rday, May 21, at 10 a. -m. we went aboard the fine steamer W. W. Corcoran, Capt. Blake in command, and sailed down the Potomac sixteen miles to Mount Vernon, the Home of Washington. The Mansion and contiguous grounds are owned by the Ladies' Association of Mount Vernon which keeps everything as near as possi? ble in the same state of preservation as when owned aud used by Washington. Landing at Mount Vernon wharf, a pleasant walk of a few hundred yards carries us to the tomb and mansion of Washington. The front of the vault is guarded by an open gateway through which is plainly seen the marble sarcoph? agus which contains the remains of Washington. By his side is another marble sarcophagus which contains the remains of Mrs. Washington. On the back of the vault is an inscription taken from the XI chapter of St. John, 25 and 26 verses. The mansion is made of wood, cut in imitation of stone and painted white, so are the servants houses, butler's pantry and gardener's house. The mansion has two stories besides attic rooms. The rooms are small compared with modern style. The piazza seventy or eighty feet long fronts the river. The room in which Washington died is on the second floor. The bedstead on which he died has round, rather slender, high posts with plain slats around the top. The counterpains on the bed are white, so are the counterpanes on all the beds in the house. The furniture in the room seems to be walnut and consists of a secretary, three chain, one of them an arm chair, one small bureau and three small tables. The andirons are brass and polished. His surveyor's ^..mpass is in this room, and his holsters which he used in camp lie on the secretary. The room in which Mrs. Washington died is a small attic room. The little spinning wheel is seen in one of the rooms. The garden is still preserved with its shrubbery and flowers. The beautiful rows of box wood arc said to be over one hundred years old. In the afternoon we returned to Washington and thence to Frederick.sburg, Va. Reviewing the heights around this town recalls vividly the scenes that tran? spired in December, 1RC2. Maryc's Height*! where Tiftiig^jreet's corps fought are in plain view of Fredericksburg. The position occupied by Jackaon's corps is further to the right near the railroad. A bit of romance occurred here a few days ago. A Federal soldier, who had fought in front' of Marye's Heights on that memorable 13th of December, 1862, brought his intended to Fredericksburg, procured vehicles for the party, went out in front of the Heights and were married in the open field. To-day we got a horse and buggy and drove to Chancellorsvill?, twelve miles from this place. As we drove up to the memorable Chancellor house we were met by a most agreeable gentleman, Mr. T. F. Jenkins, of the. 9th Virginia Caval? ry, who showed us around with true Virginia courtesy. The house is brick, was burned out in the time of. the battle. A good many Federal soldiers were burned in the conflagration. The house was afterward repaired. In the Western end of the house five bombs passed through the wall. The shells have been replaced projecting so as to be plainly seen. Gen. Hooker was wounded in this house. Facing towards Orange C. H, and going about half a mile along the plank road is seen on the right side of this road a great stone which marks the spot where Stonewall Jackson was wound? ed May 2, 1863. A little further along this road on the opposite side just in front of a marshy flat, nearly at right angles with this road is the line of breast works first encountered by McGowan!s brigade ! on Sunday morning, May 3d. This place I will be vividly remembered by many I surviving Confederates. Signs of this I line of breast work and the trench are plainly visible. A few hundred yards in front of this position and in the direction j of the Chancellor house is plainly seen the position of the one hundred and fifty Federal cannon bearing on the Confed? erate advance. In all this skirt of woods I noticed carefully hundreds of trees, and I did not see a tree of any considerable size that had not been torn by a cannon shot or shell. Most of the trees were topped j by shells. The survivors of the brigade j remember how the whole Heavens seem lit up by ihe flashes of cannon and the j exploding of shells the night on which Jackson was wounded, and again the aw | ful thunder and death on that memorable I Sunday the 3d of May. Old canteens, plates, cups fragments of shells, grape shot and minie balls lie scattered over the ground. Selecting some relics of the battle, we returned to Fredericksburg satisfied to return home,?having enjoyed our tour very much indeed. "Calm -be the resting place of the brave and true. Gentle be the summer rains on famous fields where armies met in bat? tle. Forgotten be the animosities and heart-burnings of the strife." B. B. C. [The writer, Mr. Chapman, is too modest to tell how he fell, fearfully wounded, close up to that famous 80 gun battery, with the other 120 thundering on the right and left, in front of the Chan? cellorsvill? house, and about 150 to 200 yards from the interminable line of blue that was stretched along the road. He and Lieutenant Copeland, of Captain Bowden's company, were wounded about the same time and a few minutes before the enemy was driven back.] A Twenty-Five Years' Silence. One of the queer cases of domestic infelicity which will soon be tried on a divorce libel in the court of this County is the outgrowth of a difficulty which arose op an evening twenty five years ago between a husband and wife, then of middle age. During all of these weari. some years the husband and wife have lived together, but have not spoken. Communication was by interpretation? never direct. No tete-a-tetes, no confi? dences, no discussion of things of mutual interest to husband and wife, no plans for the future, no common thought for the welfare of their children. This farce was kept up until about a month ago. If ever a man or woman forgets anything it is when the household is enjoying its spring moving. It was so in this case. The wife spoke to her husband on this occasion for the first time in 25 years. She said: "Where's the nails?" He looked at her and said nothing. The conversation, it is reported, has never progressed beyond this point. We will bet a nickel that after it happened the woman would rather have bitten her tongue ofT than have broken the eloquent silence of a quarter of a century with that momentous, soul-thrilling sentence, "Where's the nails?" It is said that now that the nails, instead of closing the breach, have only widened it, the unhap? py pair are to seek bliss apart, through the medium of the courts. We can almost imagine the wearisome sigh of a hundred husbands for just about a week of evenings of that man's married life. "Some folks," says Smith and Jones, "don't know when they are well off." Prohibition in North Carolina. Raleigh, N. 0., June 7.?Local op? tion elections were held to-day at many points in the State. There was much excitement, but the elections passed off quietly. The prohibitionists carried the day at Raleigh by sixty majority, and also at the following places: Oxford, Kinston, Henderson, Warrenton, Louis burg, Winston, Salem, Apex, Beaufort Township and Seaboard. The anti-prohibitionists carried the elections at Charlotte, Durham, Frank linton, Reidsville, Holly Springs, More head City, Asheville, Goldsboro and Littleton. The elections were upon the question of "license" or "no license" for the sale of spirituous liquors, and goes into effect at once where prohibition was carried. ? The Rev. Dr. Sunderland received a fee of $100 for performing the Presi? dent's marriage ceremo. y. It was a brand-new bill which had never appar? ently been in circulation. It was handed to the Doctor by Colonel Lamont, imme? diately after the President's departure. The Doctor made his wife a present of the bill, and she will keep it as a me? mento of the occasion. ? "Ah," sighed Brown, "this lifo is full id' disappointments." "Yen," re? plied Fogg, glancing significan tly at Mrs. F., "and some disappointments are full of life." FAITHFUL EYEN UNTO DEATH. A Story of Love anil Bloodshed in Anto Bellum Days. Winxsbobo', S. C. May 28.?In a beautiful grove just off the road, six miles from here, stand the fine old mansion so celebrated in ante-bellum days as the "Auclare Place." A large white house, with double windows and green blinds, it has all the characteristics that are pos? sessed by the ideal Southern home. The enormous portico is supported by heavy Corinthian columns that reach full two stories, with wide verandas on either side. From the roadside the view is partially hid by the dense foliage in the front yard. Flowers, evergreens, rare plants aud shrubs all grow in profusion and serve to add much to the charms of tbe erstwhile magnificent property. Forty-five years ago or thereabout, when the fortunes of the Auclare family were at their zenith, the old gentleman had retired from the active management of his large plantations and placed them in charge of his only son Henry, who was just home from Yale. Henry was petted and spoiled by indulgent parents, but aside from a haughty manner, was voted a good fellow by all his acquaint* ances. It ecems that soon after attaining bis majority he had invited, among many other guests, a college chum to spend several weeks with him. A continued round of gayety followed, which led to unplesant results. Tbe young New Yorker fell in love with tbe girl Henry had chosen for himself. She was the daughter of a neighboring planter, who had long before planned with old man Auclare that their children should be married when of suitable age, and while Henry had never openly avowed his love it was understood that the matter was settled. So it was with some anxiety that young Auclare saw John Redwood so deeply smitten. His own guest endeavoring to displace him in Annies affections! 'Twas enough to cause jealously to creep between him and his college friend. For a time he bore it patiently, but his manner toward bis guest lost much of its former warmth. Matters came a crisis when, without a word of explanation, Redwood moved his trunk to the village inn and began driving out to tbe young lady's home every evening. The now thoroughly enraged Auclare wrote a note asking for an explanation of his conduct. Redwood made no reply. A friend of Auclare then sought an interview with a view to an amicable adjustment and mutual ex? planations. Miss Annie was meanwhile unconscious of being the cause of any trouble. Redwood only smiled superciliously at the mediating party and told him that Auclare might go to h-, as he would wed the girl or die, despite any interference of Auclare. A challenge followed. They met, accompanied by seconds. The word was giv<:n?"ready, aim"? when an unearthly shriek broke the still? ness of the morning air, and Annie, pale and exhausted, threw herself between them and fell fainting in Henry Auclare's arms, moaning as she did so : "Save my Henry." The fury of Redwood knew no bounds. Jumping forward, he levelled his revolver at the pair, hissing "To h?1 with you both," and fired. A low moan from Annie and a crimson flood flowed from a wound in her arm. The seconds seemed paralyzed and tbe villian was about to fire again when from out the bushes sprang old Hero, the watch-dog and constant companion of tbe swooning girl. Clearing the open space at a bound he fastened on the throat of the cowardly Redwood and bore him to the ground. , Here the seconds discovered that the ball which had drawn the blood from the fair Annie's arm had penetrated a vital part-of poor Auclare, and he lay appar? ently in the throes of death with his armB around the fainting girl. Before they could act for excitement Hero bad finished his work, and Redwood lay before them a corpse. Henry got well, however, and lived to enjoy a long life with Annie as his wife. ?Nashville American. Fish. There is nc class of creatures who have done less harm to mankind than fish. Yet it would seem ih&t there is none which have been so much the victime of the human imagination. It seems to have come to the point that people have got to think that there is some unac? countable incongruity between fish stories and truth. Yet some Btrange things, which are told about fish, are true for all that. Prof. Band, of the Smithsonian Institute, one of tho very highest author? ities on that subject, has assured a Herald correspondent that there is authentic evidence to show that carp have attained an age of 200 years. Prof. Baird also says that there .is a tradition that within fifty years a pike was living in Russia whose age dated back to the 15th centu? ry. "There is nothing," he says, "to prevent a fish from living almost indefi? nitely, as it has no period of maturity, but grows with each year of life." There are gold fish in this city that have belonged to one family for over fifty years. They do not appear to be much larger than when they were originally placed in the aquarium, and are every bit as lively as they were when young. The Russian Minister eays that in the royal aquariumns in St. Petersburg there are fish that are known by tlie records to have been in them 140 years. Some of them arc, he says, over five times a3 large as they were when first captured, while others have not grown an inch in length. An attache of the Chinese Legation cor? roborates this statement. He says there are sacred fish kept in some of the palaces in China that are even older than any of those in Russia. ? "I'd hate to be in your shoes," said a woman as she was quarrelling with a neighbor. "You could nut got into them," sarcastically replied the neighbor. ? "Oh, where shall rest be found?" asks Mio pool. In tho dictionary. Look aiming (.lie ? Does death end all V il soortv- not. Evory millionaire nowadays has to havo a guard posted over his tomb, HOW TO MAKE WINE. Interesting Statistics About an Important Subject. Washington, May 22.?The Hon. H. L. Lyman, of Virginia, told the National Viticultural Convention yesterday that the soil, climate and rainfall of Virginia corresponded to that of France. He spoke of his State, Tennessee, and the .Carolinas as naturally adapted to the grape, and by carefully collected infor? mation on the subject of the national conditions of this belt of country showed that it has great possibilities in wine growing. He suggested the' planting of grape colonies, and wondered that capi? talists of the East did not open their eyes to the opportunities presented to them to utilize the idle labor of the country in this industry. An examina? tion of the records of Castle Garden, he said, showed that very few of the immi? grants who come to this country were from the wine-growing districts of Eu? rope. The latter statement is significant and is in line with the argument and information of Mr. Westmore, of Califor? nia, who points to the fact that the peo? ple of the wine-growing countries are contented and happy, and show but little desire to era migrate. Why is this so ? It has been proved by the accurate sta? tistics, gleaned by Mr. Westmore as the official representative of his State, as given in my letter yesterday, that the wine growers are a thrifty, cheerful and contented people. In their esteem their own district or department (with the French) is not equalled by any country in the world. Ask a Frechman where he is from, and he will with pride tell you thathe is from such or such a department, without stopping to thiuk that you are inquiring into his nationality?that is, whether from Germany, France, or else? where. It would be unreasonable to as? sume that these French people are satis? fied and contented at home simply because they have plenty of cheap wine to drink. If they did not live easy, and their abundance of wine was a mere unprofitable luxury that required great exertion in other fields of labor to supply it, then it is not likely they would stick to the wine business, and take such a pride in it as a profitable industry. Wine-growing in France is falling far short of what it used to be, but this is owing to the attacks of fungi upon their vines and not to any decrease of the demand for their products or to the unpopularity of the consumption of wine by the people. This falling off of their wine trade is owing merely to the unhealthiness of their pampered and pet? ted vines which have been cultivated for age?, and the circumstance is one that gives tbe American States a chance to improve?for America to catch the Ssh while France is putttng a fresh bait on her hook. Let tbe reader then stick a pin at this point, and, if he has not already done so, dispose of the question of the evil or beneficial effects of the use of. wine. Does the average American, or say the Carolinian, for it is he for whom I am writing, know what wine is? "Doubtless the masses of the Southern people think of wine as a sort of luxury, or the means of hilarious indulgence that only the man of leisure and wealth is at liberty to enjoy. Three or four out of five of our Southern people know wine as a highly colored, doctored modification of alcoholic spirits that is merely dressed up or toned down in a skillful way to make it sell, and believe that its use is prop rtioned according to the religion and moral 1 ong- faced ? ess of the individ? ual who drinks it. This is due, to some extent, to the fact that but few, very few, of the liquor dealers and barrooms of the South offer to their customers any? thing but the adulterated stuff, made of chemical ingredients that have in them nothing that has been extracted from the grade, and that are made largely from compounds that are positively poisonous to the human system. There may be exceptions, of course, but it can be stated truthfully that the Southern people, and a large proportion of the people1 of the North and East, have never had the chance to indulge in tbe use of pure wine. The few people of South Carolina who make tbe home supply have, as a rule, never learned to make wine without the plenteous use of sugar by which alco? hol is increased and drunkenness produc. ed with those who use it regularly. They have not found out that tbe natural grape juice of South Carolina, as taken directly from the most common varietie3 of the grape, contains more sugar than is desired in a good and wholesome wine. When Carpin, in Greenville, commenced to make wine without the use of sugar some people said he was crazy. According to Husmann, the renowned Californian, something less than twenty five per cent, of saccharine matter (sugar) is all that is needed to produce sufficient alcohol in wine. I have leaned here that even twenty per cent, of sugar is all that is considered necessary in a good mild wine. Now, on the other hand what does the pure juice of say the Con? cord grape contain ? Our Greenville Frenchman's test by the use of the must scale shows over thirty per cent, of sugar. Why, then, use sugar to make wine, when you have already too much sugar in your must (grape juice unfermented.) Here comes in the question of gallizing, which means nothing more nor less than the addition of such proportions of sugar and water as will make what is termed by Husmann a normal must. It needs no nico or scientific details to explain that the proportion of alcohol in wine is exactly in proportion to tbe amount of sugar contained in the pure unfermented juice of the grape used to make the wine, and the percentage of sugar so contained in the juice enn be accurately ascertained by the use of the Balling must scale, directions for the use of which accompany each instrument. Very few of the best wines of Carolina or Franco contain more than eight or ten per cent, of alcoholic stimulant. Ninety lu nine two per cent, of their constituent elements arc, therefore, tho acidH and nutritious parts of the fruit itself iu a perfect state of preservation.?Corretpon dence News and Gauricr. ? If a man is profane and blasphem? ous, look to his children to be the same. ?Moody. Some Chemical Cariosities. The Washington correspondent of the Charleston News and Courier gives the following account of two important discoveries which parties claim to have made. If the drunkless whiskey should prove a success it will greatly help the pre bibition cause, but it will be terrible on poor men's pockets, for there is no telling how much a man would drink if there were no danger of getting drunk: ' Finding myself in the company of a chemist of national reputation one day this week, I took occasion to ask him some questions which I had noted down for his especial benefit. First, as to the reality of the discovery hefealded some time ago of a sweetening agency 232 times more powerful than sugar. " 'There is no humbug about it,' said this gentleman. 'We have not made any of the new substance in our laboratory, simply because we have not had the time to do so. But the reports in German and French scientific periodicals as to what this new product of coal tar will do and directions as to its manufacture are very explicit and minute. There is no doubt whatever as to its wonderful power. One ounce of the substance has exactly the same sweetening effect upon a barrel of water as fifteen pounds of sugar, and, although the price is about two hundred times more than that of sugar, weight for weight, there is reason to suppose that it will be made very much cheaper as soon as there is a regular commercial demand for it. Probably it will be most largely used in making some kind of substitute for imgar, as in its present highly con? centrated form it could not be used for ordinary purposes without great waste, as the quantity sufficient to sweeten a cup of coffee would be scarcely visible to the naked eye. The notion of a man being able to take home with him the equiva? lent of a barrel of sugar in his vest pocket seems so extravagant that it is not surprising the public suspected a hoax.' "Another chemical curiosity about which the world may hear more hereafter is non-intoxicating whiskey. Some of my readers may know that the French Government recently offered a prize of ten thousand francs to any one who should discover a method of removing from brandy or wine the principle which intoxicates, without at the same time re? moving the principle which strengthens and exhilarates. An American, and a New Yorker, believes that he has dis? covered what is wanted, and although he keepn the process secret for the present, he is very liberal in distributing samples of what he calls his harmless whiskey to serious inquirers. A few days ago he gave a little reception at which the guests were requested to test the new kind of whiskey. The tame whiskey, from which all danger had been eliminated, was placed in a decanter side by side with another decanter of ordinary stuff, and the guests took first a glass of one and then a glass of tbe other in order to de? termine if possible whether the liquor which had had its fangs removed, so to speak, had lost any of its qualities so far as tas'.e and pleasantness to the palate we concerned. Strange to say there was so much indecision shown by the guests ' upon -his point, and so many little glass? es of whiskey were consumed, that tbe whole disappeared before any settled ver? dict was reached. Another strange fact was that the more tests the visitors made the le<is decided they seemed as to any difference between the two, and finally it was resolved that another reception, con? ducted, upon a somewhat different plan, must be hold before a conclusion was arrived at. Next week the inventor in? tends ;o invite all his friends one after? noon, and allow them to drink as much of the harmless whiskey as they can hold. When they are full, using the word i a its physical sense, they will be asked :o walk a chalk line and to pro? nounce many words found to be by ex? perience of peculiar difficulty towards the small hours of the morning. The slightest sign of unsteadiness, or of men? tal cloudines, will count against the in? ventors claim. Those who survive this experiment will be invited to come again next day hid repeat the operation'with pure and unadulterated Kentucky fire? water, and tbe condition of the company at the close of the session will be care? fully examined and noted by experts. Invitations to these receptions are at a premium, and I hope next week to be able to tell what happened. Scoffers may remark that whiskey which does not intoxicate cannot be whiskey at all, in? asmuch as it fails of its chief purpose, but science has nothing to say to scoffers. The Methodists for Prohibition. The General Conference of the Metho? dist Church, held at Bichmond, Va., has adjourned. A correspondent of the News and Courier says: "Much time was consumed Monday in debating an amendment to the report on temperance, offered by the Rev. Mr. Gandler, of Augusta, Ga., offering so to amend :he law of the Church that pastors shall bs required to deal with persons engaged in the liquor traffic as they would with persons guilty of any other 'immor? ality.' This brought out some of the best speaker? in tbe house pro and con. Those opposed to this amendment held that tbe 'Discipline, as it now stands, gave the preacher all the authority he needs to deal wilh tbe case. "But prohibition gained the day. Lo? cal option had to take a back seat. The -yeas and nays were called for, and the amendment was adopted by a handsome majority. It is not necessary, I presume, to state here that both sides are ardent advocates of temperance, the difference in their views as regards this present leg? islation being largely a question of expe? diency. Some of the strongest and most zealous friends of the cause voted against the amendment; men who have beeu lecturing on temperance and working for it for many years, and who havo been, and are now in great demand as speakers on the temperance platform. The more timid reformers were pushed aside, and the Methodist Episcopal Church South has now placed herself in the forefront in the line of battle for prohibition?not as a question of politics, but purely and solely as a question of morals," A Consolation 1o the South, General D. H. Hill contributes to the May Century a paper on "Tbe Battle of South Mountain, or Boonsboro'." From it we quote the closing paragraph : "If we bad to be beaten it was better to be beaten by former friends. Every true soldier loves to have 'a foeman worthy of bis steel.' Every true man likes to at? tribute high qualities to those who were once friend?, though now alienated for a time. The temporary estrangement can not obliterate the recollection of noble traits of character. Some one attempted to condole with Tom Yearwood, a famous old South Carolina bully, upon tbe beat? ing given him by his own son. 'Hush up,' said old Tom. 'I am glad that no one but my own flesh and blood had a hand in my drubbing. "The sons of the ?o?lb struck her many heavy blows. Farragut of Tennes? see rose, as a reward of merit, to the highest rank in the Federal navy. A large number of his associates were from the South. In the Federal army there were of Southern blood and lineage Gen? erals Thomas, Sykes, Reno, Newton, J. J. Reynolds, Canby, Ord, Brannan, Wil? liam Nelson, Crittenden, Blair, B. W. Johnson. T. J. Wood, N. B. Buford, Ter rill, Graham, Davidson, Cooke, Alexan? der, Getty, French, Fremont, Pope, Hunter. Some of these doubtless served the Sooth better by the side they took, bnt most of them were fine officers, and some of them were superb. "Thon tbe South had three hundred thousand pf her sons in the Federal army in more subordinate capacities. Her armies surrendered when a Southern-born President and a Southern-born Vice pres? ident were at the head of the United States Government. Surely we have the comfort of old Tom Yearwood, and it it a 'comfort. That the wounds of defeat and humiliation have been so soon healed has been owing largely to this balm to mortified pride. The sting of shame to proud and sensitive Frenchmen is that their magnificent capital was captured by, and their splendid armies surrendered to, soldiers of an alien race and religion, speaking different language, and unlike themselves in manners and customs and in all those characteristics which consti? tute their pride and their glory. On the other hand, the civil wars'in England have left no bitter memories bebind them. Who now knows or cares whether his ancestors fought on the side of the While Rose or the Red Rose ? Who how knows or cares whether they were for King or Parliament; for James II. or for Wil? liam of Orange? Compare this forget fulness of civil strife in England with the bitterness which Ireland still feels over her subjugation; compare it with the fact that the Roman occupation of En? gland for five hundred years made no impression upon the language of the na? tives, so little intercourse was therebe? tween them and their conquerors; com? pare it with the fact that for four hundred years after the Norman conquest there was no fusion between the Norman and Saxon tongues. In truth, all history teaches that the humiliation of defeat by a foieiga foe is felt for ages, while that of defeat by the same race is tempo? rary and soon forgotten. The late Civil War was relieved of very much of its sectional character by the presence of so many Southerners in the Union armies. Therefore, it will be in the United States as in all the unsectional civil wars of the world's history in which race and religion were not involved?tbe waves of oblivion will roll over tbe bitter recollections of tbe strife. But we trust that fragrant forever will be the deeds of heroism, pa tinee, fortitude, self-denial, and constancy to principle; whether those deeds were performed by the wearers of the blue or the gray from their respective stand? points of duty." New use for JL'Inc Straw* "Got any news, Captain?" asked an Enquirer Sun reporter of Gaptain G. M. Williams, of the Swift Manufacturing Company, yesterday evening. "Well, yes," replied the Captain. "I've .got something out at the mill that is new to me. It was sent to me by tbe Acme Manufacturing Company, whose mills are situated near Wilmington, N. C." "What is it?" queried the reporter. "It is a yarn made of long leaf pine straw. I never saw anything like it be? fore and it is an entirely new use for pine straw. The . yarn is somewhat of the character of jute, and seems to be equal? ly etroog. It is said to be fine for bag? ging, and is also recommended for pil? lows and mattresses, as it is claimed to be a remedy for catarrh." Whoever thought of pine straw being made into yarn or being put to other use than covering Irish potatoes or the stable floor ? Indeed, this is an age of progress, and the question is, "What next?" I Who knows but what pine straw will yet be made into the bagging that covers every bale of cotton produced in this ! country? Effecte of Prohibition. When the high license bill was up, re* cently, before the New York Legislature, Professor Cook, of Potsdam, in opposi? tion to it, and to those who repeated the State slander that prohibition has failed in the State of Maine, had this story to say: "I want to say to him that I can take him to Maine, and show him whole counties that have not a farm with a mortgage on. I can show him towns where they put their poor farm at auc? tion fifteen years ago and have never had a pauper since. I can show him a gen? eration of boys and girls, grown to be men and women, with families of their own, who never saw a drunkeu man, or drank a, drop of liquor." Turning to Dr. Crosby ho delivered this stinging ro b?ke: "I waut to say, that in my judg? ment, such opinions as were expressed here to night, that drinking is not wrong, and encouraging the drinking of beer, coming from such men, of influence and character, are doing incalculably more harm than wo can repair in long years of labor." -?The most ungoulleiuanly thing a man can do is to swear. EaiLroad CnrveiKare Use\^, JBH "You may live till tbe yellow dogfl B from history," said a conductor the o^Bfl night as the train hummed along. <:buW| you'll never see a straight railroad down a steep bill." The curious passenger with the wart on bis nose rolled up his eyes in astonish* ment. "jly dear fellow," he exclaimed, staring at the conductor, "I do not under? stand what is to prevent a train from running straight down bill." "Just this," contiuued the conductor, "curves are necessary on a very heavy grade. Passengers are sometimes struck with the great number of curves on the road while it is up among the hills. They imagine the curves are merely nec? essary because tbe road winds around the hills. This is only partly true. If the railroad were to cross directly at heavy % grade it would still be necessary to have the curves. No train can go at a higb rate of speed down a heavy grade on a straight. The explanation is simple. The tendency of any heavy body like a train is to move in a straight line, and tbe attraction of gravitation is not suffi? cient to overcome the tendency to shoot off where great speed or momentum has' been obtained. Hence, a train flying; down a straight track on the hillside, instead of keeping the track would *>boot off on a tangent into space. "The curve," continued the wise man in the blue uniform, "is one of tbe great eat safeguards in mountain engineering. This is particularly noticeable in tbe case of a freight track. It very* frequently happens that an engine, d. awing a heavy freight train cannot stick close enough to ? the track when going uown a heavy grade, to control her speed. An engine going dawn hill is really more helpless than the same engine going up hill. That is, she can pull a greater weight up the hill than she can hold back in going down the hill. It is a very common experience with engineering-of freight engines to have their trains literally pu7:?i? ! them down heavy grades at a high rate of speed. In snch instances every curve ' is so much salvation at the right time. The curve retards the speed and enables the wheels of the flying train to get a firmer "purchase" on the track. L rail road in the hills would be very dangerous were it not for tbe curves sprinkled along \ at frequent intervals. "On some railroads it is the custom to., disconnect the lever from the driving, rods when a passenger train is descending a heavy grade that extends for many! miles. The train is managed altogether, by her air brakes. Every curve acts as a brake on the speed, and in this way the train can swing alone for hours without attaining a too reckless speed, with tbe aid of the air brakes." Just then, the train went around a curve and tbe curious passenger was thrown to one side of the seat. "It's a wondej; to me," he gasped, "that, these measly express trains don't fly off the track in going around these heavy... curves." . "Well, sir," said the conductor "I've been railroading for twenty-five years and' I never yet knew, or heard of a train jumping the track on a curve. There is't tbe slightest danger on a graded curve, I and hardly any on a flat curve. Horrible Work of Flame:. Chicago, Jane 7.?Eight persons were smothered and burned to death in the frame house at 731 and 733 South Canal street at 4 o'clock this morning. The names of the dead are Michael Murphy, aged 40, employed by' the South Divi? sion Railway Company; Mrs. Murphy, aged 35; Annie Murphy, aged 9 ; Nellie Murphy, aged eleven; Mrs. Mary Dur? - kin, aged 30; Patsy Lavin, aged 4, a son of Mrs. Durkin by a former husband * John Durkin, three weeks old, and William Hand, a batcher, aged 68. The fire broke out in the cellar of 733 Canal street. The flames shot upward, quickly burned through the first floor, which is on a level with the ground, and, shooting upward the next floor was soon consumed. The fire spread through the wooden walls of the basement, and No. 733 was soon wrapped iu flames which enveloped the adjoining number. Both houses were filled with smoke before any of the occupants were aroused. Many of the- sleepers were doubtless smoth? ered in their beds, probably never awaked and tried to escape from the stifling smoke and scorching flames. The flames following rapidly after tbe smoke, I burned the bodies until they were unre ' cognizable masses of black and charred bones and flesh. The lower floor of 733 was occupied by John Raleigh, Jr. His wife was awaked by a sense of suffoca? tion. ? She aroused her husband, who hastily donned a few articles of clothing ~ and threw up a window. The raging flames rushing in scorched bis face and singed his hair and moustache. He caught his wife in his arms and with a terrible effort threw her bodily through the flames out of the window. Her eight dress caught fire, but with great presence of mind she extinguished the flames with her hands and lent assistance to her husband in saving the lives of their tu o small children. The fire had gained additional head way, and he was unable to put the chil? dren out of the same window. He then kicked on the wall to arouse the people on the second floor. Catching the babies in his arme he ran upstairs and jumped with them from the second story window. The second floor of No. 733 was occu? pied by the Durkin and Mutphy fami? lies. No member of either of these fam? ilies escaped. The firemen in searching the ruirjs of the house came upon the most harrowing scenes. Some were lying in their half burned beds. Others, who were awaked before death came upon them were clutching each other in groups on the floor. All the victims bad evi? dently been overcome by smoke before any effort could be made to escape. The fire was undoubtedly incendiary. Two previous attempts to burn these buildings were frustrated. A tub filled with clothing saturated with kerosene and partially burned from, the top. was found in the cellar after tbe fire, was ex? tinguished. mm ?? '?Nature is frank, and will nllow no man to abuse himself without giving him a hint of it. -