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mm B. MURRAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. O, THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 23, 1885. VOLUME XXL?NO. 2. WE havn't a BAT, but we hare a curiosity ex ceeftiiiglf rare. So come around ind see two hearts from one livinganimal, which is Touched for by a truthflij and responsible party. You will find it at .... The Acknowledged Headquarters for I PERFUMER!. EXTRACTS, .0.8 .m:-,' ' ."is ? :oD esuoH vftsvj tfj PAIMT MEDICINES AND J)TE STUFFS. Sweot and Castor Oils. Combs, Brpsncs, 3air o?b^jPomades, Bay Rum, Toilet Articles, Perfumery, Sponges, Etc. Fine Soaps, Insect Powders, Fly Paper, Indigo, Madder, Etc. Face Powder?,; ^ Powder Puffs, Tooth Powders, Tooth Brushes, Ivan's Dentifrice, and Fine-Toilet Goods. Trusses, Shoulder Braces, Supporters, Etc. Our CIGAES are of Extra quality. Nona better in the city. Best Coal Oil, Lamps and Lamp Goods. If you are troubled with Flies or Insects of any kind, come buy some of our Insect Powder and get rid of them. Wilhite's Soda Water is still the favorite beverage. Nothing helps out the ?. Farmer . more than a plentiful supply of Turnips. i They are good for man and beast. We have a large Stock of Which we guarantee to be fresh and true to name. All varie? ties, from the most reliable growers/ which are sold at lowest prices. " "' " ' July 9.1885 SZ/g GENTS' FBRNISHING GOODS SOLD VERY CHEAP SMITH it CO.'S ozDOTiHiiiisra- STORE. WE HAVE. NOW ON EXHIBITION ONE OP THE Finest Stocks Spring and Summer Clothing in the market. GOME AND SEE US. We will pass you in free, and charge you nothing for look? ing. We-bave just reoeivul from market a beautiful line of MENS' AND BOYS' CLOTHING and FL:; MAKING GOODS. HATS for Men and Boys. Come and see our SUITS FOR THE, LITTLE FELLOWS. The impression has gone out that we wer? out of the market, but we want to in? form our old friends that we are here yet. Come and see us, And we will treat you right. ?S" D?n'fr forget the place. SMITH & ca., W HITNER STREET, Opposite Auditor's Office. March 26, 1885 37 . . BARGAINS FOR GASH! ?;?.<! * -* f \. I HAVE A FULL LINE OF Boots, Shoes, Hats and Clothing That I will sell AT COST, and LESS THAN COST for the CASH. - Ialsofij^aCA'^IX.XINE OF OTHER GOODS that I will sell VERY LOW for Cash. Good Bargains can be found here. If you don't believe it call and see, and yon Will trot be disappointed TAKE WARNING ! After the 10th day of April"next the Notes and Accounts of the old Firm of REED <fc MOORHEAD will be found in the hands of an Attorney for collection. Time and money can be saved by cabling before then and settling with me. " ?t. -fink reed. Marchs, 18S5 -.737-' Eeb "Go Tell B&iheie<^f<p Miles Around [" ? THAT-? HUBBAITD * BRO. ARE PREPARED TO SELL 3feORE JEWELRY, M ORE W ATOHES, m MORE SILVERWARE, MORE CLOCKS, &C, PRICES' MORE TO* YOUR: NOTION. THAN EVER BEFORE. EVERYTHING in theshape of a Watch, Clock or Jewelry thoroughly repaired. MISS LIZZIE WILLIAMS Has Returned from the North, where she purchased au ELEGANT STOCK of THE HANDSOMEST GOODS That has ever been brought to this market, consisting of . STYLISH SILKS, BEAUTIFUL LACES of ail descriptions, EMBROIDERIES, JETS and PARSEMENTRIES, LOVELY EMBROIDERY ROBES in the newest shades. Our FRENCH AND WHITE DRESS GOODS cannot be surpassed. We have GX?VES, HOSE, SLIPPERS auo\ SHOES of every quality. Don't forget to notice our varied stock of RIBBON, and come and try our stylish HATS on; before purchasing elsewhere. We feel assured yon can be pleased. Our space is too limited to exhibit our Goods. Anything you do not see call for it, and orrr accommodating Clerks will take pleasure in waiting on you, even if you do not bny. We have everything that Ladies and Children NEED to make them happv and ftttractiyfcrx - ^ r; ??>X{?rA ; Very jeepec$fuUy, LADIES' STORE. March 26 1885 37 ??PROGRESS AND POYERTY,?* ?A Bevlew of Mr. Henry [George's Work on the Social Problem. [Mb. Editor: During tliosession re? cently closed, as Instructor in Political Science in Furman University, I offered a gold medal to that student in my class in Political Economy who should produce the best thesis on any subject connected with the study. The theses were written over fictitious signatures and handed to a committee. The decision of the committee was in favor of the article over the signa? ture of "Felix Holt," which was after? wards found to belong to Mr. Thad. E. Horton, of Williar?ston, S. C. Bolow you will find this thesis, which I desire to have published in your paper. It is a review of Henry George's great work? used by us as parallel reading at the Uni? versity.?Walter W. Brown.] Among all the master minds who have labored on the superstructure of the science of Political1 Economy, since Adam Smith laid the foundations in his "Wealth of Nations," a century ago, not one has shown more force, clearness or originality in the treatment of the sub? ject, than Mr. Henry George has dis? played in his work on "Progress and Poverty," whose publication a few years siuce attracted widespread attention at the time, and has since been followed by -criticisms of the most highly favorable character. To say that the success, which. the work has undoubtedly achieved, has been owing entirely to the very new and striking manner in which the doctrines of the current Political Economy have been assailed, would be too much. For, however much that may have contributed to the general effect, vet had the theories advocated therein lacked the force which recommends them to the consideration of every thinking man. the book would have fallen as flat as numbers of its predecessors have done in times past. Such a work, treating as it does of live facts and living problems, certainly deserves our careful considera? tion. It is our purpose here, not so much to discussXthe new thdbriesf which Mr. George has sprung upon the world, bnt to review, if we can, the arguments which he advances in refutation of the existing doctrines of the science. Mr. George' states in the outset the purpose which he proposes to accomplish. That purpose is1 "to seek the law which associates poverty with progress, and in? creases want with advancing wea tb." That the received Economy has failed to do this is evident, and hence he pro? poses to pursue his inquiry into the cause of this seeming paradox, not in obedience' to the dictates of any authority or theory, however well established or universally received. To do this, nothing must be taken for granted, but everything judged of in the fight of first principles. It is by this method of going to the root of things, that the author has done away with all danger of superficiality, and has established a foundation for the pursuit of his inquiry, on which the reader feels safe in placing himself. Mr. George begins, his inquiry with an investigation into the theory whereby the current Political Economy attempts to explain the simultaneous increase of productive power and decrease of remu? neration received by labor. In the out? set of this, Mr. George comes in contact with a theory, upon which the larger part of the theories of modern Political Economy depend, directly or indirectly, for their basis, and which he finds it necessary to refute. It is the doctrine that "wages are fixed by the ratio of the taumber of laborers to the capital devoted to the employment of labor." He shows that this itself is founded on the evident ? misconception that labor is paid by cap j ital, and is supported by capital, a prop? osition whose fallaciousness is plainly [seen when, for capital, is substituted its meaning as given by the supporters of I the theory themselves. It would then [.read: labor is paid by the results of past I labor Bet .aside for the production of wealth." Nothing could be more incon? sistent with sound reasoning. To the objection that this discrepancy would only apply to a primitive state of society, and loses its force when the operations of labor become more com? plex, the author produces the fundamenv tal truth that it is only by the considera? tion of society in its primitive state that we can derive any sure knowledge of the laws whiclugoyern* it. For society now is only the elaboration of society then, and the manifold processes of this cen? tury are all directed toward the same ends as were the simple expedients of the simple state?the ' maintainence of subsistence, and the gratification of desire.' Taxing, with Mr. George, this view of the: case, the true doctrine of wages is seen to be that wages are pro? duced by the labor for which they are paid, and that they are in no sense de? pendent upon capital. The proof is almost self evident, and it may bo safely said that had Mr. George accomplished nothing more, than this exposition of the fallacy .or the accepted doctrine of wages,-he would have been well repaid for writing "Progress and Poverty." With the disproof of the current theory of wages, Mr. George places him? self squarely in opposition to a theory of even more widespread acceptance?the Malthusian theory, that population tends constantly to increase faster than subsis? tence, the increase of population contin? ually pressing against the limit of sub? sistence, thereby causing a reduction of wages to the starvation point, and a degree of want and misery sufficient to keep population within bounds. Even the most ardent believer in such a theory could hardly repress a sigh of relief were it clearly and unmistakably disproved. That Mr. George has done this, a careful consideration of the course of reasoning, whereby he reaches his conclusions con? cerning the falsity of the. doctrine, can? not fail to show. The. disproof comes after a thorough Review of the facts and analogies, in the case, a ml-comes loo with a force-that compels its acceptance. Taking the^slock examples of super? abundance' of population producing poverty-and distress, Ireland, China and India, Mr. George clearly demonstrates .that it'is hot a too great population that is the cause of the well known prevalence of poverty in .those countries but rather, a defective social'* organization, whereby labor is denied its full return, and hordes of hurffa'n beings are compelled to serve a wealthy and privileged.few. Allow to labor its full reward, and each of these countries 'could support a much larger population than-it now possesses. Arc not, then, the words of the author true, when he says: 4 "The famines of India, China and Ireland can no more be credited to overpopulation than the famines of sparsely settled Brazil. The vice and misery that come of want can no .more be attributed to the niggard? liness of nature than can the six millions slain by the-sword of Genghis Khan, Tanerlane's pyramid of skulls or the ex? termination of the ancient Britons or of the aboriginal inhabitants of the West Indies." ? > ? Of the argu- *nta from Analogy ad? duced to prove the Malthusian theory, Mr. George as clearly shows the insuffi? ciency. He demonstrates that the fact that the animals and plants from which man derives his sustenance, multiply a thousand or even a billion fold, while he is only doubling his numbers, goes to show there is practically do limit to sub? sistence. Besides, man is the only ani? mal who can call to his aid the reproduc? tive powers of nature, and thereby cause nature to minister to his wants. As the author says, hawks eat chickens and so do men ; but the more hawks there are the fewer chickens will there be, while the more men there are the larger will be the number of chickens. Man, too, progresses in desires and in the ability to gratify them, While animals do no such thing. The analogies, then, made be? tween man and brute are false, when applied to theory of increase of popula? tion. In the words of Mr. George, the Malthusiah theory is "really a gratuitous attribution to the laws of God, of results which, even from this examination, we may infer, really spring from the mal? adjustments of men." So far in the inquiry, Mr. George has only succeeded in overthrowing well established theories which failed to ac? count for the problem under investiga? tion. The' overthrow of the old wagas theory and of the Maltbusian doctrine, developed the fact that it was not in the laws which govern production that the real difficulty lies. He proposes then to seek for it in the laws which govern the distribution of wealth; for of necessity must lie therein the key to the whole situation. With an independence of thought which is his distinguishing characteristic, Mr.' George proceeds to work out the three laws of Distribution. As a premise thereto, he gives the following excellent summary of the basis of the investiga tion: "Land, labor and capital are the factors of production. The term land includes all natural opportunities or forces; the term labor, all human exertion; and the term capital, all wealth used to produce more wealth. In returns to these three factors is the whole produce .distributed. That part which goes to land owners as payment for the use of natural opportu? nities, is called rent; that part which constitutes the reward of human exer? tion is called wages; and that part which constitutes the return for the use of cap? ital, is called interest. These terms mutually exclude each other. The in? come of any individual may be made up from any one, two or all three of these sources: but in the effort to discover the laws of distribution, we must keep them separate." In the laws, then, which assign to rent, wages and interest their shares in the results of production, lies the cause of the social paradox toward whose solution the author has been working. Assuming as correct the law of Kent, as given by the standard Economist, Mr. George simply states it as follows: "The rent of land is determined by the excess of its produce over that which the same application can secure from the least productive land in use." 1 After a full discussion of interest, its cause and its perfect justice, he proceeds to deduce therefrom, by a course of reasoning as abstruse as it is concise, and as convincing as it is simple, the law of interest. Capital may be applied in forms wherein the vital forces of nature give to the element of time an advantage, which causes interest on the compensa? tion of capital. This compensation must equal the advantages gained in forms wherein nature's reproductive powers are exerted, else all capital would gravitate to those forms to the exclusion of all others. Now these vital forces tend to a uniformity which is only violated in particular cases. There must exist, too, an equilibrium between the forms of production, in which the vital powers of nature act, and those in which they do not?i. e. in agriculture and manufactures. It is manifest that no community could long sustain a prepon? derance of either. Hence arises a nor? mal rate of interest, which must remain on an equilibrinm with the normal rate of wages. For, should interest manifest a tendency to rise, more labor would be turned into capital, and should wages show an upward tendency, more labor would be turned from the production of capital. 1 [ From these considerations easily arises the law of interest, which Mr. George gives thus: "The relation between wages and interest is determined by the average power of increase which attaches to capital from its use in reproductive modes. As rent arises, interest will fall as wages fall, or will be determined by the margin of.cultivation." With an equally forcible demonstra? tion, Mr. George discovers the true law of wages to be: "Wages depend upon the margin of production, or upon the produce which labor can obtain at the highest point of natural productiveness open to it without the payment of rent." When there is taken into consideration, the theory of wages as already developed by the author, that wages are produced by the labor for which they are paid, the reason for the law as given needs no demonstration. It is the logical com? plement of the laws of rent and interest as already shown, and its exemplification is in every-day life. By the development of the three cor? relating laws of rent, wages and interest, Mr. George has opened broad and clear the field for the minute investigation of the primary problem?the increase of poverty with material progress. That the explanation lies somewhere in the relations of the laws of Distribution has been shown. Hence it is necessary to consider the effect which material pro? gress has upon the laws of Distribution-. It is here that the final stand of the old theory against the new must be made. For, admit the conclusions reached con? cerning wages, the Malthusian theory, and the Laws of Distribution, and of the conclusions made therefrom there is no room for doubt. Mr. George defiucs the two great dynamical agents in material progress to bo (1) increase in population, (2) and improvements in the arts. The effect of increase of population is to increase rent by lowering the margin of cultivation, or forcing labor from more to less pro? ductive lands, and by conferring upon land special advantages incident to tho mere presence of improvements and of population upon it. Invention or im? provements in the arts affect tho distri? bution of wealth in the^ same way, in? creasing rent and lowering the relative share of wages and interest. A state? ment of the conclusions reached from a survey, in detail, of these effects carrio3 with it its own explanation. Wealth is the produce of labor applied to land. Any increase in the productive power of labor creates a demand for more land, whereon to expend labor, and thereby increases rent. The effect of material progress, as a whole, is to lessen the share of produce assigned to wages and interest, and at the same time increase the share given to rent. Herein then lies the solution of the great social problem, a solution at once clear and striking, and whose logical de? duction from the laws previously worked out cannot be controverted. Private ownership of land causes rent, Material progress increases rent to the detriment of wages and interest. The solution is evident to the reader who has so far fol? lowed the inquiry. In Mr. George's own words, it is this : "The reason why in spite of increase of productive power, wages constantly tend to a minimum,' which will give but a bare living is that, with increase in productive power, rent tends to even greater increase, thus pro? ducing a constant tendency to forcing down of wages." Mr. George has solved the social problem, and the solution can? not be escaped, however much it may diverge from universally received opin? ions, and even though it run counter to our own prejudices, and to the dictates of so-called authorities, on the subject of Political Economy. To those, who without a fair hearing of the "whys and wherefores," form judgment from super? ficial considerations, tbe theory will apper ridiculous, and he who is its ex? pounder, will be denominated a "crank." Having carefully paved the way for the true solution, by clear and decisive disproofs of existing theories, which failed to account for the difficulty ; hav? ing substituted for these, theories de? veloped from first principles, and depend? ing for their acceptance upon no author? ity other than that of correct logical reasoning; having by means of these located the real cause of the evil to be io the private ownership of land, Mr. George comes now to the point where he is no longer left to simple disproofs and substitutions of the doctrines of the Science, but he has assigned to him the task of producing a remedy, which shall fulfill all the requisites of justice, expe? diency, and capability of application. That remedy, after a careful dissection of remedies heretofore proposed, and an exposition of their inefficiency, Mr. George finds to be, not the confiscation of land and its equal division among all men, as the Communist would say; but the confiscation of rent and the abolition of all taxation save that upon land values. In this way, all the expenses would be contributed for the support of the government by the land owners, and no nan could long own very much more land than he actually needed. Mr. George shows that the remedy is in exact accord with justice, by demonstrating that the private ownership of land is not an inherent right, but has been assumed after society Lad left its primitive state. It is not consistent with nature -and nature's laws, that a few should have a monopoly of what is absolutely the first great and essential factor of production. Space will not allow, here, a review of the ground over which the author goes, in his careful discussion of the justice, the application and the effects of remedy. Our object has been more especially to follow Mr. George through bis inquiry. In doing so, we have found the argu? ments upon which tbe final conclusion is reached, sound and forcible. This being true, it only remains for the intelligent reader to discern for himself the beauti? ful simplicity and exquisite adaptability of tbe remedy, which Mr. George has offered. Though radical in its effects, its application need be attended with no upheaval of the social organism. The social state would be changed, but the chang? would be gradual and would be from a condition founded on injustice to one based on nature and God's own laws. The machinery of Government, as now administered, would be more than suffi? cient to carry out the idea, as the taxa? tion would only be changed with regard to the articles taxed. It 13 in the discussion of the benefits arising from the execution of this remedy, that Mr. George, if anywhere, exceeds the bounds of legitimate logical reason? ing, and becomes eloquent, while descant? ing upon the millennial season that is to prevail then. Perhaps his speculations are too extravagant. Grant that; yet to the most cautious reasoner, the results of such an action can but appear glorious. Mr. George devotes the latter portion of his work to a discussion of the law of Human Progress. With that we are not called upon to deal, for while it is inti? mately connected with the evils of the existing social state, it only adds empha? sis to the necessity for an immediate change in that state, as outlined in the preceding pages. Suffice it to say, that in the treatment of that subject, he has displayed no less ability as an independ? ent reasoner, than in tbe primary inquiry into the social problem. The last chapter is a masterly prose poem on the "Prob? lem of Individual Life." It is a pro? duction worthy of the work of which it forms the fiitting^nnfe. Throughout his work, Mr. George displays a mastery of style at once vigorous, clear and refreshing. Out of a dry discussion, be has made a philoso? phical romance. He has exploded the old war-cry of Labor versus Capital, and shown that the real antagonism lies between Labor and Laud. The sum of it all is that, with all its imperfections, "Progress and Poverty" is beyond com? pare the most powerful production on the subject of which it treats that this present age has bad the privilege of perusing. Felix Holt. Wanted?A Man. An esteemed contemporary asserts that a young lady graduate at Meadville, this State, selected as the subject of her essay, "Wanted?A Man," and though of course she only expressed the sentiment of every girl in the graduating class and eyery girl in the uuiverse, for that mat? ter, the confession appears to be creating Bomo surprise. . Of course the young lady graduate went on to say that it was not any sort of a man that she waated. It was not a dude, with smooth hair, nor a mere dash? ing beau in good clothes, much less a spendthrift, loud but would-be respecta? ble scamp, who would first ruin his wife's life and then mortgage her silver. The young lady graduate, of course, wanted a man that amounted to something, that was somebody and could do a man's part in the household and tho world. In this, too, she expressed the univer? sal yearning of all tbe girl graduates and the other girls, too. But, bless their dear hearts, did it ever occur to them to ask of what earthly use the averag? girl graduate could be to such a man. Will she paint plaques for him; fling little chips of French in his ears; drum on the. piano and wrack his nerves; dress fine for the street and be a dowd at home; neglect her body and her mind and think that her only mission.is to be cared for? Of course she wants a man ; needs one badly. But suppose she begins to query what she will do with him or for him when he is found.?Philadelphia Times. ? Mme. Aunie Lamont,an irou-jawed woman, at Coney Island, recently slid down an iron cable, a distance of three hundred and fifty feet, by means of a pulley attached to a strap that she held between her teeth. The upper elevation of the cable was one hundred feet and its length five hundred feet. The American girl made the longest and highest flight on record, the best prior feat in this line having been accomplished by Emma Juta in tbe Paris hippodrone. I t ? In some of the New York skating" rinks a novel feature is the presence of boys dressed in female attire. Young America is cute. He soon learns that it is more comfortable to Bit down on a bustle than on a pair of dude pants. ARP'S TRIBULATIONS. Company Coming and tho Cook Gone. Atlanta Constitution. I am very busy now. Literature is at a discount in these parts. The cook quit us last week and company coming to? morrow?company. I have had a chunk of a darkey boy hired all the year and he was right handy. He got up the stove wood and brought the water and milked the cows and so forth ; but all of a sud? den his daddy "sont atter him" to hoe cotton and he left on ten minutes' notice. These darkies are right clever and good natured, but they have no more idea of a contract than a hog. They will break it whenever it suits them. They will quit you without warning and not feel mean about it a bit. The grass got ahead of Mr. Jordan Franklin, and he just sends word to our chunk, Edward Frank? lin, to come home. When I remonstrate, and remind him of his contract, he says he is just obleeged to have him, and will send him back "jes as soon as he is done with him." w That's all, and so Ned cuts out without ceremony. We are doing our own niggering now, and it keeps me busy. Our big boy has got a baseball nose, and it was getting well. It was sorter swaiging down until yesterday, when a bee stung him on it, in the peach orchard, and now it is bigger than ever. The orchard is full of bees, for the peaches are ripe, and the storm blew lots of them on the ground, and Carl got stung on the foot, and so the more work falls upon mo. We cut down a dying redoak in the grove and sawed it up with the cross-cut for stove-wood, and my folks say *it wont burn good, and we had to work up a dead sycamore and the sun was powerful hot and come down with J power on my unsuspecting back. I for? got that I had on a locust back shirt, for I never wear one if I can find any other in the drawer, and now there is a blister? ed streak running down my spine, and I am sorter used up generally. But there is no chance to stop now, for company is coming. This jelly business has got to proceed. I have to gather apples, and plums, and blackberries to make jelly, and get wood to keep up the fire to make jelly and jam, and gather peaches to put up in the fruit jars, and bring water to wash up the piazza floors, and ever and anon it is more peaches and more apples, or more water or more wood, and they want three spring chickens caught, and the old Peahen, with her fine young ones, has strayed off, and I must hunt them up. They all worked hard yesterday?mighty hard, and I knew they would oversleep themselves and so I got breakfast this morning, and a right good one. I have long enjoyed a reputation in my family for making biscuit, and they do praise my biscuit capturously. Mrs. Arp frequent? ly says when she sits down to the table, I wish I had some of your pa's biscuit this morning. It is a dangerous thing for a man to know how to cook. I learned how to cook in the army and Mrs. Arp says that is the only good thing that ever came out of the old war. I wish I had ent have learned or had kept a secret, one or the other. She says that I can make up the best bed in the world. The only trouble I have^about the beds is in get? ting her amJ^fc children out of them, for they do j/jB^o sleep in the morning. If I had b?eJraJ darkey in old slavery times, my wife says she would have given more money for me than any ten she ever saw, for she could have controlled me j then. But I don't see any difference so far as the controlling is concerned, and she got me for nothing. More water they say. I wonder what! upon earth they do with so much water, j The boys gone to town after supplies, fruit jars, and jelly tumblers, and stigar, and Horsford's powders, and a new broom, and I don't know what all, and now they keep me trotting. I wish there wasn't any town nor any supplies. Man that is born of one woman and tied to another is of few days and full of trouble. But it might have been worse; a heap worse, for be might have been born a woman and been tied to a man. That is the most perilous condition in all nature. Nevertheless it has to be done, trouble or no trouble, and I am content. And now they want some potatoes dug and some beans picked, and there are more cucum? bers on the vines ready for pickling. These old bodies of ours are a sight of trouble. I wonder if they have no gar? dens nor orchards in the next world ? I am not sure about that, for there is a heap of scripture that tells about trees and cities and streets and horses, and so forth. I reckon we will have all the good and none of the bad?no rotten peaches no bee stings?no stove wood to get?no water to tote up a hill, no chick? ens to catch. Well, I don't mind catch? ing the chickens for the dog does that and never hurts them, but I do despise to "fix em." If there is anything better than old fashioned fried chicken I don't know it, but I want somebody else to "fix em." Everything that is good has a bad side about it.' If I was to find a rich fold mine on my branch I know it would ring some trouble, but still I would risk it. Getting rich is like getting mar? ried. Everybody is willing to risk it. Calling me again?want to know if I sent for salt. Of course I didri't. Why should I know the salt was out. There is something out forever and ever, but I didn't know it was salt. Have to send to nabor Freeman's and borrow. That is what a nabor is for?to borrow from. Folks are not naborly unless they lend and borrow. My folks may make out a list of everything that is out, and next day there will be something wanted. Old Major Cooper told me that he could live comfortably on ten cents a day. He said he had a cow and she furnished milk and butter and buttermilk, and ho had flour and all he bought was coffee and sugar. He dident eat any meat, and he figured it all up and it was ten cents. Why should anybody bog or starve in this country? Who is there so feeble but what can make ton cents a day ? An old woman can make it knitting socks. But I want more than that. A man has to get older than I am to be content with such limited diet. And now ' they want me to put a handle to the slop bucket. If I cant find one Mrs. Arp thinks I can just step to the shop and make one. And I can. The truth is I have illustra? ted my usefulness and contrivance so long there is no use in saying "I can't," for she says she knows that I can, and that just means for me to go along and do it. Ob, my country! Farewell, peace! Farewell, literature. And the springhouse wants cleaning out, too, I heard her say. I havent bad time to shave in three days, and company is coming to-morrow. Bill Am?. ? Tho smallest specimen of horse flesh ever seen here is the colt at George L. Clark's stable, in Meriden, Conn. It is out of one of Mr. Clark's ponies, and sired by the famous pony stallion "Tom," of the pair "Tom and Jerry," which were formerly the property of Ferdinand Ward, of the late firm of Grant & Ward, financiers. The colt is about a foot and a half high. ? A man may be loaded to the eye? brows with philosophy, and yet become as helpless as a child when he tries to get the last word with a woman. I hatching the Convict Camps. Dr. Pope returned on Saturday from the Twiggs-camp, and has submitted the following report of his Inspection to the Superintendent of the Penitentiary: Columbia, S. C, July 10, 1885. Colonel T. J. Lipscomb, Superintendent South Carolina Penitentiary?Sin: Act? ing under instructions, I left Columbia Tuesday and visited the convict camp of Mr. A. J. Twiggs, on the Savannah Val? ley Bailroad. I reached the camp about 8 o'clock Tuesday evening and remained during the night and until about 3 o'clock next noon. I made a careful inspection of the convicts, their sleeping q aarters and rations, &c. The location and arrangements of the camp are the ss.me as at my last inspection. There are ninety-nine convicts under the control of Mr. 0. M. Carroll, who is in charge of the works, and of the num? ber, ninety-two were out at work; five ware at the camp as cooks, washers, &c, and two were on the sick list, Henry Porter and Frank Sunley. Henry Porter, the convict who.was so severely whipped before the last inspection, was still at the camp, but his general health had im roved and his wound was healing indly. I examined the person of each convict and questioned each one separately. I found only one single scar which had been made since the last inspection. The only complaint I heard was that the walk to and from work was too long. These hands are worked in ten squads? tha first and second squads are one mile from camp; the fourth and third are about one and a quarter miles; the fifth and sixth are about one and a half miles; th a seventh, eighth and ninth are abont two miles, and the tenth is about two and a half miles. The night I spent at camp enabled me to see exactly at what time the hands reached the stockade at night, and what tine they turned out in the morning. By the city of Columbia time, it was 8.30 o'clock when the first squad reached the camp last Tuesday night, and ten min? utes before 5 when they left next morn inj;. fiTATEMBNT OF CAPTAIN CARROLL. On Friday, the 10th (to-day), no squad wil l have a longer walk than a mile and a Laif, and by the middle of next week thd camp will be moved, and at no time aftsr this, except for a short time in about six weeks, will the walk be longer tbs.n a mile and a half. He states posi? tiv sly that he is not working longer than eleven hours each day, at the outside, allowing two hours each day for going and coming, and chaining up and un? chaining, and from two hours and a half to ;hree hours noon rest. And on ac? count of the difficulty of finding a spring pre perly located, it is a hard matter to locate his camp exactly as he desires it each time. Owing to the nature of the country through which he is passing now, it is impossible to work the men to advantage in i quads of more than ten, hence the length of the line over which the men are scattered. All of which is respect? fully submitted. D. S. Pope, M. D., Physician S. C. Penitentiary. Money Iii Pecan Culture. A short time ago I noticed an article in the Valdosta, 6a., News, entitled "Prosperous Pecans/' which was copied in ? everal papers. The writer states that a gentleman of that county (Lowndes) has a ten acre grove of pecan trees, in a flourishing condition, just beginning to bear. He further states that there is one large tree in the town of Valdosta from which the owner sells each year $25 to $30 worth of nuts. From other statements in the article referred to it seems that the people of thai county are satisfied from practical testti that there is a bonanza in pecans. Froai this article and from letters re? ceived from reliable persons who have beating trees in Georgia and other States, I, too, am convinced that there is a big bonanza in pecan culture in the entire Sou .h and in many of the Northern States. Tiie most intelligent horticulturists of Texiis who thoroughly understand the nature and requirements of the pecan, which is a natural growth in their State, say that it will flourish admirably in Georgia; but that there are many differ? ent varieties, some being of far better qual ity and coming into bearing much earlier than others. The conclusion which I draw from numerous letters is that the pecan will succeed wherever the hickory grows. M:r. A. O. Daniel, of Crawford, Ga., an enthusiastic cultivator of the pecan, has it bearing grove, and in 1183, from one tree, he sold eleven and one-half bushels of nuts in Athens, Ga., for forty five dollars. He usually gets five dollars per bushel. In the same county, at Winlierville, there are bearing trees from which the owner receives quite a nice income. There are, doubtless, many such trees scattered over the South, but these are sufficient to convince me that large profits may be derived from the pecan, and it is my intention to plant a grovo mxt Fall. If I had five hundred trees like M;. Daniels, I would not ex? change them for the finest orange grove in Florida. My advice to ail is to plant a grove at once" The young trees will not cost much, and in a few years they will prove tobe the most profitable in? vestment you ever made.?Correspondence Conytrs Solid SoiUh. He Still Preaches. Two or three months ago a Detroit lawyer was in the northern counties on business, and one night while he was staying at a farm-house two or three of the neighbors dropped in and one of them osplaincd: "Y/'iu see, wo heard you was a lawyer, and perhaps you wouldu^t mind giving us a littlo advice. We want to get rid of our preacher." "What ails him ?" "Well, he's good and kind and a true Christian, but he's no preacher. Fact is he's too slow for the times." "Have you thrown out any hints ?" "Lot of 'em, but he still sticks." "How much of a salary does he get?" "Well, about ?200 per year." "Reduce it to $50." The advice was declared to be sound, and in the course of three days the min? ister was notified that his salary would be reduced to the figures named. When Sunday came he read the notice from the pulpit, and added : "My dear friends, this step was ren? dered necessary by the continued hard times. I cheerfully accept the reduction, and in case it is found necessary to make a further reduction of $25 don't hesitate on my account. I am here to j serve the Lord, and I can do it on one I meal a day!" ? A poetess sings, "I have found what Bilcnco in." Her friends, it is understood, are not so fortunate. ? A rich vein of gold has been open? ed on the plantation of Mrs. Mary Mor? gan, n jar Modoc, Edgefield County. i Coals of Fire. Farmer Dawson kept missing bis corn. Every night it was taken from his crib, although the door was well secured with lock and key. "It's that lazy Tom Slocum!" he ex? claimed the morning after missing more than usual. "I've suspected him all the time, and won't bear it any longer." "What makes you think it's Tom V asked his wife, pouring out the fragrant coffee. "Because he's the only man around who hasn't any corn?nor anything else, for that matter. Ho spent the Summer at the saloons while his neighbors were at work. Now they have plenty ard ho has nothing?serves himjust right, too I" "But his family are suffering," rejoined his wife ,* "they are sick and in need of food and medicine, should we not help them?" "No I" growled the farmer; "if he finds his neighbors are going to take care of his family, it will encourage him to spend the next season as he did the last. Better send him to jail and his family to the poor house, and I'm going to do it, too 1 I've laid a plan to trap him this very night." "Now, while Tom is reaping the bitter fruits of his folly, is it not the very time to help him to a better life ?" suggested the wife. "A little course of law would be most effective," replied the farmer. "In this case coals of fire would be better. Try the coals first, William, try the coals first," Farmer Dawson made no reply, but finished his breakfast and walked out of the house with the decided step of one who has made up his mind, and some? thing is going to be done. His wife sighed as she went about her work, thinking of the weary, heartbroken mother with her sick and hungry babe's around her. The farmer proceeded to examine his cribs, and after a thorough search found a hole large enough to admit a man's hand. "There's the leak!" he exclaimed; "I'll fix that I" and he went to work set? ting a trap inside. Next morning he arose earlier than usual, and went out to the cribs. His trap had caught a man?Tom Slocum, the very one he had suspected! He seemed to take no notice of the thief, bnt turned aside into the barn and began heaping tho mangers with hay, sweet-scented from the summer's harvest field. Then he opened the crib door and took out the golden ears?the fruits of his honest toil. All the time he was thinking what to do. Should he try the law or the coals ? The law was what the man deserved, but his wife's words kept ringing through his mind. He emptied the corn in the feed? ing troughs, then went around where the man stood with one hand in the trap. "Hello! neighbor, what are you do? ing here ?" he asked. Poor Tom answered nothing, but the downcast, guilty face confessed moro than words could have done. Farmer Dawson released the impris? oned hand, and taking Tom's sack, or? dered him to hold it while he filled it with the coveted grain. "There Tom, take that," said the far? mer, "and after this when you want corn come to me and I'll let you have it on trust or for work. I need another hand on the farm, and will give steady work with good wages." "0, sir," replied Tom, quite overcome, "I've been wanting work, but no one would hire. My family are suffering, and I am ashamed to beg. But I'll work for this and every ear I've taken, if you'll give me a chance." "Very well, Tom," said the farmer, "take the corn to mill and make things comfortable about home to-day, and to? morrow we'll begin. But there's one thing we must agree to first." Tom lifted an enquiring gaze. "You must let whiskey alone," con? tinued the farmer; "you must promise not to touch a drop." -The tears sprang into Tom's eyes, and his voice trembled with emotion as he said: "You are the first man that ever asked me that. There's always enough to say, 'Come, Tom, take a drink,' and I've drank until I thought there was no use in trying to be a better man. But since you care enough to ask me to stop drink? ing. I'm bound to make the trial; that I will sir." Farmer Dawson took Tom to the house and gave him his breakfast, while his wife put up a basket of food for the suf? fering family in the poor man's home. Tom went to work the next day and the next. In time he came to be an efficient hand on the Dawson place. He stopped drinking and stealing, attended Church and Sabbath-school with his family, and became a respectable member of society. "How changed Tom is from what he one was!" remarked the farmer's wife one day. "Yes," replied her husband, "'was the coals of fire that did it." Turn Over a Now leaf, Eest time, after the crop is finished, will soon come. While you are taking things easy, suppose you do a little think? ing and figuring. Go carefully over your corn and note now many barren stalks there are. Count the nubbins also. Take a large ear, with about a thousand grains on it, and you will see that it is equal to about sixteen little wormy nub? bins. Now if you, or any of your neigh? bors have a field planted, say 6x4, or 7x3, examine that and see what the pros? pect is. You may conclude that you will give corn more distance next year. Then when it comes to cotton, watch that carefully. See whether ten acres of badly worked cotton will yield as much as five that have never lacked for work a, single day. The fact is, I am afraid that you planted your crop with the expecta? tion of doing six full days' work every week. You worked as much as was pos sible, but it is a most difficult job for a ten-acre hand to work fifteen acres. That is what is the matter with your cotton. Suppose you run a full one horse farm, planting 18 acres in cotton and 12 in corn. A fair crop would be 6 bales and 120 bushels of corn. Suppose you would nso a little more manure, prepare the laud by deep plowing, ana plant 12 acres in cotton and 8 in corn and make 10 bales of cotton and 160 bushels of corn. With this latter acre? age you can work it like a garden almost. You will not be run to death and dream of the grass growing in at doors and win? dows and crawling in bed with you. Again we say do a little thinking and figuring in your rest days, and make up your mind that you will turn over a new leaf next year.?Spartanburg Spartan. ? A one horse farmer in Barnwell County offered the other day to bet his crop that no one could find in his cotton fields enough grass to make a sparrow's nest. ? The anneal reunion|of the servivors of Company B, 6th South Carolina Cav? alry, will be held at EdgefieW on July 25.