University of South Carolina Libraries
HY E. B. MURRAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING. JUNE 5, 1884. VOLUME XIX.-NO. 47 13 tuni''"" na???) i ?orrct]>ondence of the Intelligencer. fBjrhere ?B probably not a person who Rds these linea w! o bas nover felt a Bei re to go abroad ; and in common with gt ny others wo had for yeare longed for a Hp t0 foreign landa ; consequently it ? Batt,j with thc keen satisfaction which ac Eopanies tho realization of long cher \ HHied hopes, that on as bright und beau Bul a May morning as*ono could wish, ! Hrip sack" in hand.i juBt aa the ten ; HHnutc bell was sounding, wo stepped on . HBe magnificent steamer, City ol Chicago, H the Inman lino, bound for Europe. \ WBL last tho dreams of our boyhood were |Q be realized. At last wo were to visit Ho.se wondrous lands beyond tho sea, Bose history was old a thousand years BBfore America was thought of. At last ft were to view those works of art which t. Hfigkvc been a joy to tho world for centu Hes. At last we were to seo those grand } HHgd cathedrals, whoso towera and spires j Bfive been pointing heavenward for hun i HHeds of years, in silent praise to God. Ht last we were to tread the streets of Bndou tho Mighty, Paris the Beautiful, . SHonic the Eternal and a thousand other jj&flaces immortalized in history, in song gSSEhd in story. There was joy in the , igSoiighi, ,HHJPromptly to the moment, tho cables t ?Hfere thrown off, tho masaivo engines Buted and amid the waving of handker ; ?Hftiefs and the last farewells of friends on t HHore to those on board, tho great Bbip ' MKoves slowly out from her pier and down HHC Hudson river to the bay, where the Hu?y batteries of Governor's Island and i BHort Hamilton are soon passed, and tak I HH)g a last look at the green hills of Staten [ HBlund, tho beautiful fields of Long Island 1 yBBrjd the low lying Bhore of New Jersey, I BH|C <*roP our barbor pilot to a boat in 1 HHaiting at Sandy Hook and bid farewell . Bg|l lanti for the present. 1 nfl As many of the readers of the INTEL HOENCEII have probably never seen an . HflRtan steamer, perhaps abrief description Hf tho vessel in which we are embarked t?Su]ay not prove totally uninteresting. 1 BBhe City of Chicago was built in 18S3, , |H Chas. Connell & Co., on the Clyde, Bd is 450 feet, or 27 rods in length, with \ HH *"eet breadth of beam and 34 feet depth t BM hold. It is an iron ship, with iron .???asts and spars, the former rising about rBBaKQ feet above the water. Ita tonnage is SH.300 gross, and is registered at 3,383. Its . HHBiginea are of the most approved typo 1 flflH"- aro provided with three cylinders, Hoe (high pressure) of 5G inches and two ifiHHIow pressure) of 80 inches each diameter, j SBind five feet stroke. There are six boil s Inga and into the 80 furnaces beneath them '?Hp firemen shovel uearly 100 tons of coal iHHvery 24 hours. The engines are of ??bout 750 nominal horse power, but work Hp to nearly 5,000 horse power. The _ aBBfgiaft is 20 inches in diameter and the Hcrew propeller 21 feet in diameter, with 'B8B pitch of 30 feet ; and at every re vol u &Hr0D ?*r <ts maB3'Ye b'ades this immense iHHessel is driven through the water about ! ?Bl ^eet* ^n6 8teer,DE apparatus is driven 'S&r 8teara &nc^ Btoam ia a IBO used for beat* 'HB1'*'tne entire ship being lighted by the Bwan-EdiBon system of electric lighting. Hyhe City of Chicago has accomodation^ 'flHpr 130 1st cabin passengers, about 50 Hntermediate and 1,000 steerage, and her jBHrew numbers about 150. She is pro iHHided with 8 boats, 3 life rafts and 900 Hi fe buoys and is divided into 8 water Bight compartments, with steam pipes iHHeading to eaoh for use in case of fire. In tjBBhort every precaution ia taken to pro ?HU?de- *?r tDe safety as well as the comfort IHMBT4" ""c Pss&cngcrs and crew. The cap HWain, B. L. Leitch, is a moat genial and B?ourteoua old sailor and baa, bad an ex fBH*|)erieoce of over fifty years on salt water, Hhirty of wbich have been Bpent with the WBoman company, He ia the oldest cap HS4'0 00 *?e Atlantic and has made moro HBoyages across it than any other living ijj^Hnan, he having accomplished over 580 "aSSiv&??agfcs. I Among the novelties found on ship SH&oard by a landsman, the reckoning of Bime deserves an important place. Every j9Bfwelve hours from noOn > midnight or jHprom midnight to noon is divided into jHBh.ee watches of four boura each, and Bach watch is divided?f?td eight bells ; SSpnsequtctly at h?.!f pM* twelve o'clock ?BHP0? bell is struck;* nt ono o'clock two ^Hnells, and so increasing one'stroke for Bach half hour until four o'clock when "?Pl'ght bells are strdok and at half-past HBour one bell again, eight bells always Being either twelve, four or eight o'clock. j^HBleals are served-at aoy time when Btdered, but; the regular hours are break Bat, from 8:00 to 9:80 a. m., lunch, 12:30 jBBBBP 1:80 p. m. and dinner from 5:30 to7:00 B ni. The food is of good quality and Bell prepared an d the ser vico excellent, jBffi*10 menu comparing favorably with first* IfiwlaBs hotels on shore. I Our voyage waa in the main an uoiu Bkresting though pleasant one. For the Bprst few days tho surface of the ocean HB^as almost unbroken and the great ship BP?d on ita way with scarcely any per gceptible motion. In spite of the good gweather, however,.'a large narabor BUC ?onmbed to oftbor fears or their imagina* HKlons, and ono after another a dreamy, BQougbtful look would creep over their Bf*"*8 and jtoey^OMq?ld silently steal \away B? "*"fler involanfarViH tb NepVine;' BJor sea-slc^mess no care bas aa yet been, Bibjoovered, but though incurable it is not ^^?-WKP?^iri?9 comthpp r-smatk B**-** *be victims of it would be better oat HP^:--: Borne medica* fritera ?jmrm , tha* it Is a dUeaso of the brain. Hj^en ?t tWoye, but so fa?JaalW.cau HP??g? from obaerva^o^hnd^^fnr *?fe-? Bnoniutry symptoma in ot)'r, pmaonal* ex? HPeri?nce, it is .most decidedly a disease B0f lbe*U>^ ff?.&Mt? freit Bavailable remedies are plenty of fresh air W*bd a ?tr?ng will. |?o our aecond night out- an event uirowiDg niniseir overboard. He waa aa Englishman by birth, of good family and well educated; but nearly two years in America, the "Land of Promise" to so many from foreign shores, had resulted in total failure and complete discourage ment for him ; and rather tbau go hack empty handed ho chose to plunge in the great unknown. A sad and early termi nation of disappointed ambitions. During the voyage the passengers amuse themselves in various ways. Some aro sick and find themselves fully occu pied with their ailments. Others, more fortunate, aro able to c.ok amusement and devote themselves to shuffle-board, quoits, ring-loss and other games, walking on deck, reading, music, debates, conver tation, etc., and we aro sorry to Bay, quits a large class find io gambling and whisky drinking their principal recrea tions. All classes, from ministers to pro fessional gamblers, from colporteurs to confidence mon, can be found iu every passenger Hat and the law of selection very soon breaks up the company into numerous circles, the members of each seeking amoDg themselves for congenial companionship. The daily progress of tho vessel, the difference in timo as we go Eastward, tho increasing length of tho days as we go Northward, the working of tho ?liip, an occasional sail or sleauier met on the broad ocean, aro all seized upon with eager interest to break the monotony of the voyage as we sail on day after day, apparently in the same circle of water in which we started and which, viewed from the deck, is about twelve miles in diameter, the roundity of the earth allowing a body on tho surface of the water te be seen at a distance of only about sis miles. In the evenings the phosphorescence of the sea forms a never ending source of entertainment. The myriad flashes of light, produced by a diminutive animal organism, at times illuminate the dark waves ns thpy roll from the sides of the ship like c. million electric sparks and presents a most brilliant and gorgeous display, recalling those words of the "Ancient Mariner :" ''Beyond tho shadow of tho ship, I watched tho water snakes ; Thoy moved in paths of shining white, And whon they roared, tho elfish light Fell olf in hoary flakes. Within tho shadow of the ship, I watched their rich attire ; Blue, glossy green and volvet black, They coiled and swam, and every track Was a flash of golden lire." Each day at noon, the captaio takes an observation on the sun with his sextant, to ascertain the position of the ship, and besides this the log ia cast at intervals during the day and the distance traveled by the ship as thus ascertained is marked on a chart which is hung at the bead of the stairs leading to the saloon. This is made the subject of much speculation and many are the guesses, bets and pools made upon it, Although our voyage was a quiet oue, yet when within about COO miles of the Irish coast, we struck, or were struck b-. what was evidently the remains of * heavy storm and thus were given some idea of the power of. old oceap.. Mighty waves from 15 to 20 feet in height, roll ing majestically onward, would catch the Bbip in their giant embrace, rolling it from sido to side and pitching it about, a mere plaything of their mad fury. Standing on the prow, and looking out over the undulating surface of this path less waste of waters and glancing back ward at the ship tossed about like a cork on a mill pond, how puny seem all the devices of man and how hopeless the con flict with tbe elements. And yet modern ?cienca has triumphed over even the ocean, and hundreds of ships annual!", crowded h living freight, pass an* pass over its surface and with bu.. tew exceptions outride its heaviest gales. We have always entertained a large amount of lespoct for Columbus and thc other sturdy old navigators of his time ; but since witnessing for ourselves th? power which they defied, we have fell our admiration perceptibly increase Going forth as he did with no guide except his own faith in an untried theorj and with no encouragement except hil own stout heart aud undaunted will, thi world does well to hoclor bis name and U revere his memory.' . j But our voyage, like all things els must come to an end, and one day atte taking an observation the captait announces that Fastnet light will b passed during the night and Queenstow reached at about 4:00 o'clock the nei morning. The evident satisfaction wit which this announcement is received b all, proves that even among those wh have enjoyed the voyago there is a pei feet willingness to exchange tho unce tain deck of the ship for terra fini* Long before reacbiog Fsstnef Ifght, hov ever, a dense fog settled down over tl ocean and with a fog born Rounding i frequent intervals and freqaen?-tasting < the lead, we felt our way s?mig, missii the light house entirely, but later < sighting the lightship about ela mil cnt from Cork Harbor. The fog w still very heavy and it was only with tl greatest care that any progress conld 1 made with safety. At last the wah cried out, "Land on the port bow," tl anchor waa dropped and when a Uti liter the fog lifted, we foufitTourselv nearly opposite the light* house at t entrance to the harbor. The green hi! or Ireland, fresh with the verdure spring, filewifd. .Vf>t?wing ofaaaga frc the watery waste upon which our ej ha4 X*M for the pre*lone rejoiced Rt tie termination, or near IMO nation of tho voyage. Itt * ?hort tin* (ender;cw?e,.ttlopg.jW*.** ,*?clve * passengers and- ma\u, and without fi ^herdeUy we were landed oa the .!?< Of 'thVEm?ra?d We, concerning wh! we thal, have something'to say; in < next letter. TBAYBI^B - Where a cause' is good, en ?pp should be directed to the heart rat than the head. MASON'S COTTON PICKER. Th? Machines Beady for Work on this Year's Crop. While the young cotton plants j throughout the vast cotton region of the South are shooting upwards aud statisti cians are figuring as to the probable size of the crop of 1884, public interest in the success of the Mason Cotton Harvester il steadily on the increase. From every part of the Cotton belt, BB we learn, hundred:; of inquiries concerning the ' progress of the invention aro received by almost every mail, aod the secretary of toe Harvester Company has found it ab soiutely impossible during the past few weeks to answer tho multitude of these ' inquiries. In view of the great interest which is felt all over the South in tho success of this now expedient for facilitating and cheapening tho nicking of cotton, the Newt arid Courier has been inquiring con? ' corning the progress which Mr. Mason is ' mak!ng in preparing his machine for the coming crop. The Mason Cotton Har vester was tested last year very thorough ly in a field of cottou which was planted by tho Cotton Harvester Company, near its workshops, at 8umter. From the be ginning to the end of the cotton season Mr. Mason worked early and late to make the machino as perfect as possible, and 1 the company which owns ( '-c patents ex pended money freely in supplying the BhopB with the latest and beat machinery. The result of the les!/, made last season satisfied the company that the problem . ff hieb had so long been deemed impes?i' ! ble of solution bad at last been practical? ly solved. All that remained to be dono ivas to simplify and cheapen thc cost of manufacturing the machines. The ma chine even upon the very first trial proved wonderfully successful, gathering ibo open bolls, without injury to the ' plants or to the unopen bolls, or bloomB, ? tod with almost incredible rapidity. | ' The principle of tho machine was dem- : anstrated to be the true solution of the ' problem that bas puzzled so many heads. ! All that remained was to apply the prin-.! siple in the beat possible way. Since the ! ' lisappearance of the cotton irom the I ields ln.it winter, Mr. Mason has made ; t many improvements in tho Harvester. , The machine boa been made smaller aud lighter, and yet affords more space for ( the operation of tbe machinery. In its , preseut form it is capable of doing even , noro rapid and satisfactory work than it ? lid lost year. The construction of the j j machinery which operates the picking items und gives to them the peculiar ! , .ripie movement, which renders possible ; the oelection of the open cotton without j injury to the unmatured bolls, and the I lelivery of it into the receptacles con ilructed for the purpose, ia marvellously ', ?mple and perfect. The friction bas ! been reduced to the minimum, and the i L3G picking stems which are placed in | , Mich machine can be lubricated by pouring the oil into a eing.'e brass oil '? , :up at the top of tho shaft. Numerous ? . jthcr modifications have boen made in i 1 the construction of ?.lie machines which, it is believed, will greatly improve it. ; But whether all the changes which hos : beeu mude will prove to be improve- . monts can only be finally determined by practical tests in the cotton field. , In order that no time may be lost tho sompany is having ten different styles of ( machines made, so that it may be seen . without delay which style of machine ;ives the best results. A special machine for tho luxuriant cotton of Texas, Mis- , iissippl and Louisiana is being made i which will contain two pair of picking : flinders ir:--end of the single pair, | which will be used in the smaller cotton ' of the Carolinas, Georgia and Alabama. The Texas machines, however, can be , used equally well upon smaller cotton where the rowB are not less than three j , feet and-a-half apart. A Reporter of the News and Courier ; paid a visit to the Cotton Harvester > Company's shops at Sumter recently and j Touna the work on the new machines j j progressing raptly and satisfactorily. ? ! Mr. Mason Bays that he bas at lost ? \ reached that point in the perfecting of i < Lbe machine which satisfies bini that it will net only do the work, but will stand ! ' Ibo wear and tear of practical ute even i \ when operated by an ordinary field hand, j It has been to this eud that the inventor I ( bas been bending all his energies. . His |, aims w?ro; Simplicity of construction, ' absence of friction, oUength, lightness ;, and ease of manipulation. These quali- : ties, be is satisfied, have now been BO cured for the harvester, and nothing re- I mains but to demonstrate the success of : tho invention in the cotton fields as soon 1 is the cotton begius to open. As time is important in this case, it is not improba ble that the company will send, a ma chine to Texas in July so as to secure the advantage of the early crop of that State. Cotton opeoa ia como parts of Texas nearly a month earlier than it does in South Carolina or Georgia, and the Cotton Harvester Company will make every effort to test the machine upon this early crop, so as to have time to make any changes which may be found necessary, before the colton picking sea son becomes general throughout the cot ton-growing States. Mr. Mason was asked if ho felt ?uro the machine would be a success. "I Lave no doubt in the world," he said "that the machine will do all that I have ever claimed for it. It is simply a mat ter of time. When it is first put into the field this season I can't say that every thing will work like a charm and that I will not still have to make some trifling changes to perfect it, but there is no shadow of doubt that I will make it work in a perfectly satisfactory manner before very long. I believe the changes we have made will prove to bo important improvements, but of course I can't be certain that they will so prove. We labor under the great disadvantage of having no means of testing our changes except while the cotton ia io the field, and all that we cad do ia to go ahead and make the machine as perfect aa we can, and then wait patiently for the cotton to open. Aa to the doubts of the public concerning the success of the machine I care little or nothing. Very few persons, comparatively, have ever teen tho ma chine working in a field of cotton, and tho opinion* of those who havo net seen it work practically are not worth much consideration. AB n go ne rai thing it. is amusing to me to bear the positive aaser? tiona or people that the machine will not work. The more impossible the construc tion of a cotton-picking machine ls coo ceded to be, the greater will be the tri umph of accomplishing it. Dut it does irritate mo to have people make atet?-, menta about, tl uachlne which would justify the in fe. - o that I am lacking oven io comtao- jense. ' For- instance, when the machii? was ott exhibition at tho Fair in Charleston, I think I heard a dozen people say that the diaftu were co high that there.waa not ? hone.lo the country which could pull io thom with-; cut using stilis. It was very evident that they thought I bad actually gone to work aud constructed ? machine, which It has taken me years co perfect, without ever measuring a horse to t^ .ho* high the shafts ought to bc. Tho facts ia that the shafts were rather lower than they should hav* baea, became my expert menta were ali made with a email-sized horse. Assertions concerning other por- 1 lions of tho machine were made winch were equally positive and equally ridicu lous. I was surprised to find bow much better informed the public was about the machine than I was myself." Tho Harvester Company bas benn notified by the agricultural departments of several Slates that gold mcdal? would be offered for the host 'lotion harvester at the Slate Fairs this fall, aud that patch es of cotton bad been secured for experi mental purposes. The company will doubtless have machines at tb.^e fairs, and will do everything in ito power to demonstrate their practical utility in nvery one of tho Cotton States. A Confed?ralo Eggnogg. One cold, cloudy Christmas day, when the prospects of the Confederacy wore as gloomy a9 tho weather, au Ark&usaw sol dier, whoso clothes loked as though th'-v had been ruu through a tureshiug > ?. chine, approached General Hin" an, who sat on a stump near a fire, ai ?aid : "Gineral, wouldn't a little niguog go putty well this morniu' ? You know, in Arkansaw we nllus cilibrate Christmas with a little o' tho stuff." "Yea,"' tho General replied, "and I Bhould like lo have a quart of it right now." "Well, let's go to your tent, whar nobody ken see us, and we'll make sumo 'rangements." Wien they entered the tuiit, ibemridier Baid : "You git the whiskey, and I'll git the alga an' sugar." "All right." The soldier went away, and after a while, with a dejected countenance, he returned with the information that some ono had stolen the "artiokles." I'm devlish sorry," said ho, "for I've been er savin' them things fur vcr benefit for a long time, knowiu' how a aignog would strike yer Christmas day." "That is bad," said the General, "and if I could discover the thief, he should bo puuiehed. Stay here, and let r>e go out and skirmish." The General, after much difficulty, succeeded in securing tho ingredients, and ere long a bowl of the frothing drink was prepnred. "Ab," said the soldier, refilling his tin sup tho tirrel time, "this tastes like old Lime?, when I uster get up afore day an' Sro oflf the old fuzee. Put two men's iiends together, an' suthin is goin' ter happen." Shortly after the soldier left the tent, [Joh Bob Newton, chief of Hindinan's staff, entered aud said : "Do you remember old Dave Aickett, ivho used to run a fiat boat on White river?" "Yes, he was here a few moments -go." "He came to me this morning," the Colonel coutiuued, "ard b?gan to talk ibout eggnogg. Said that he had been seeping eggs and sugar for me a long .imo, and that if I would furnish the whiskey, we would have a Christmas Irink. I agreed, and he went away, returning pretty soon, and sorrowfully innounced that some one had stolen his reasure. Rather than seo tho old leno lisappointed, I furnished everything, and Tor a few moments we-" "Good morning,gentlemen," said Gen. ^burchill, entering the tent. "Had a 5ne eggnogg early this morning. An >ld fellow that used to run a flat boat sn White river, said that be would furnish the eggs ana sugar-" "But did ho do it?" asked ii muu.au ind Newton simultaneously. "No ; some wretch had stolen the stuff. Hello, here is Fagan." "Gen.Semen," said General Fagan, "you ought to have been with roe this morning. An old fellow, a former flat boatman, came to me and talked about eggs till he made my mouth water. He said that he had been saving up a lot of I eggs and i ugar for my benefit, and that if | I wou'.d furnish the whiskey we would celebrate. I agreed, and be went away, but I never saw a more cast down man than he waa upou returning. Some one bad stolen the eggs, but I furnished the outfit, seeing that disappointment would about kill the old fellow. Hello Rey nolds 1" "Good morning, gentlemen," Baid Gen crol Reynolds. "I br.ve had a fine time Ibis morning. An old fellow-" "Hold on." shouted the other men ; "we know all about that egg stealing business." General Hindman called an orderly, and giving him the name of the egg man, Baid : "Find that man and make him drunk, if It takes every drop of whiskey io the Confederacy. Such merit shall not go unrewarded." The Nation's Drink Bill. The Christian Union gives a diagram showing the relative amounts paid for several of tbe leading articles in general use. The stuns of money paid out are represented by black columns, and the one tbat represents the drinks of the country towers far above any of the others. It is about seven inches, while the one representing public education is about th reo-fouit IIB of an inch. The money paid fordrink is nearly twice that paid for bread and more than three times the meat bill, and it ia greater than the aggregate amount paid for woolen goods, sawed lumber, cotton goods, boots ana shoes, and Christain missions. The fii urea ar? taken from the censas of 188( Liquor is put down at (900,000,000 ; bread, $505,000,000 ; meat, $303,000,000; iron and steel, $290,000,000; woolen goods, (287,000,000; sawed lumber, $233,000,003: cotton goods, (210,000,000 ; boots and $196 000 000 * 5USC?.? Snd rnnlowux. ?155,000,000 - public education, (85,000, 000: Christian missions, home and foreign, (5,600,000. The National Tem perance Alliance places the amount now paid out for drinks of all sorts at (1,000* 000,000. This amount is beyond the com prehension of any man. When we take women and children into consideration, fully one-half of our population does not taste liquors of any sort. This then will allow forty dollars a year for each of the drinking people to spend. This see mto M enormous, .when wo consider that twenty-five millions of people are spend ing on an average forty dollars a year for drink of some sort. This is not tbe Scates t expense. Add to this money at ls worse than wasted, the rained homes, the broken hearts of wives, the expense of policemen and qourta to look after drunkards, tho paupers and Inaaue made so by drink, the thousands of idiote and diseased children, born of intemper ate) parents, and . you have some idea of the, vast ruin, wrought by. intoxicating drinks;. ((fix . > ' - True politer ssa is the lost touch of a noble character. "It is tho gold on the spiro, tho sunlight on the cornfield." .--.A. fashion item says that ladies are giving up tho "bang," but we notice Mi at a great roany cf them still hang on to :?-'Orace: . <(X Am going to see Otara today. Havo yea . any; message!", JS^^tyWS m "H* WW dreadful ?tri 1 Olva hex, ray levo." THE GREAT LAW-G1TEB. A lecture by tho Author of Progresa and Poverty. The lecture of Mr. IleDry George on "Moses, the Jewish Law-giver," has ex cited much attention in Europe and tho United States, and tho following report of it will he found interesting : Mr. George began by describing tho Jews as they existed at the timo of tho , Egyptian captivity, speaking of their many high qualities in terms of praise, and said tho advent of such a peoplo marked an epoch in tho history of thu world. But Moses himself was accorded ft placo on the highest plane given to man by three great religions. He wai , thc medium clothed with supernatural 1 power through which tho Divine will was , expressed. Ard yet this very exultation, by raising bira above comparison, may ( prevent the real graudcur of the mau , flora Ofling seen. Saul's great height , wu? beat perceived when he stood among . his brethren. This was a caso that might , be treated as one would treat a similar case in profane history ; and in consider- , ing the situation then we could seo now \ what Moses's character was. To lead , into freedom a people long crushed with \ tyranny, to repress discoutent and jeal- , ouHV and mutiny, to turn tho quick, | fierce volume of enthusiasm into a steady ? purpose, requires some towering charac- , ter, a character blending in highest er , pression of tho nuplities of politician, , patriot, philosopher and statesman. , ?such u character Moses was. He united ( all the wisdom of the r.M??et of the j Egyptians with the humility of tho ( meekest of meu. Behind tho grand , deeds he did was tho grander thought. ( Behind tho high performance n still ? nobler idea. Tho great people ho was , among becemo a patriarchal family. ? They developed from a roving life into a \ grand civilization-a civilization so au- , dent that the pyramids wcro horary with ? centuries ere Abraham looked upon j them. But the Hebrew? thcro were "of t thom." Just as tho Jews of to day , among tho Gormans aro Germans, among * tho Italians Italians, the Hebrews amoug t the Egyptians wero Egyptians, and yet , they were Hebrews still in spite of tho ? Egyptian influences they wero subjected , to. , A peop lo long used to despotism may 1 rebel against a tyrant; they may break t his statutes and repeal his laws ; but they 1 inevitably set up another tyrant in MB I place. A people used to superstition \ may destroy their idols and free them- i selves from that particular form of su- i perstition ; but they will surely accept c some other in its pince. When wo soo t amidst a people used to superstitions of j. ono kind institutions of another aud op- t posite kiud suddenly arise, wt. know that \ behind such a mov.-men'. there must bo g that active, creative force of s>?mo great t man who makes institutions Mmnelf. e The striking difference between the He- i brew and the Egyptiau policy was not r one of form ; it was ono of essence. And c so from out the strongest ar.d mostsplen- c did despotism of antinui'v came the ] freest of ail republics. The blasts of the r. trumpets of the Exodus throb with the n Divine declaration of the. rights of man. a From time immemorial the Egyptian c slave was used to toil and suffering and I misery that those above him might live 1 in grandeur and luxury. It is the same 1 to day ; aud it is in tho constructive I statesmanship that laid the foundations t of the Hebrew Commonwealth in such a i community that the superb grandeur of tho Hebrew leader looma up. But the f influence of the Egyptian system remain- u ed to interfere with him and his idea. I No sooner is the back of Moses turned '] than we hear the cry, "These by thy gods, ? 0 Israol 1" and the golden calf is set up i to bo worshiped. But the influence ul | bis Bpirit is with us to-day. It matters c not where or by whom were compiled tnt c books attributed to Moses, no matter how t much of the details of tho code were ., there ; they may be the survival of an < earlier day or the amplification of a la- i ter age; we see in it the mind that drift- ? ed not with the tide of events, but aim- f ed Bteadily at a definite purpose. \ What wo know of hin life illustrates i what we know of li in work ; what we " know of the work illumines the lifo. It - was a commonwealth based upon the in- t dividual that Moues founded-a common- 1 wealth whoso ideal was that every man t should sit "under his own vine and fig J tree, with no one to vex him or make ? him afraid ;" a commonwealth in which I even for the bond slave there ahould be i hope and fur the beast of burden rest ; a J commonwealth in which the family af- I factions might knit their tendrils around < each member and bind with links of ( steel the various parts in a living whole. 3 It ic not the protection of property but the 1 protection of humanity that h ils tho Mosa- < ic code. At every point it interposes its t barriers to selfish greed. Capitalists mid l workmen, millionaire and tramp ?vere to i have alike the benefit of its Sabbath day. t That secured even to the lowliest in the I land a rest from labor. The reaper must < leave something ?br the poorer gleaners ; < even the ox cannot be muzzled as he I treadeth out the corn. Everywhere the i dominant idea is that expressed in our I own homely phrase ''Live and let livo." ? From the idea of thc brotherhood of mac I springs the idea of the Fatherhood ot < God. Even though tho forms may re- 1 semble those of Egypt, the spirit is that < which Egypt had then lost. < 1 The law is announced not to a few ! I privileged ones, but to all the people. ? The tendency to take the type for the ' I reality is sternly repressed. It is only when we think of the divine cats, tho sacred ichneumons of Egypt, that we realise the full depth and breadth of the I command : "Thou shalt not make to thyself any graven image." Its God is one who is the God of the living as well aa of the dead ; a God of the msrket rdace as well as of the temple ; ona whose mmntablo decrees will bring happiness to the people in this life who obey them, and mifery to the people who ignoro them. A social order, in which the Di* vine justice seemed to speak in the word "I am," dawned opon Moses. "I am" was the message which fell apon bis esr. We may misa any reference to a future life in the Mosaic books, but that hu be lieved in it there ia no doubt. The doctrine of immortality, appealing as it does to the strongest human feelings, may become so in crus ted with degrading superstition, may be so turned by crail and selfishness into an instrument lor the enslaving of human lives, that it may become arv agent of human oppression. Bat the belief in the immortality of the soul must, have existed ia the minds of the Hebrew .people of that day, and Moses also held it; but the truth hs brought prominently forward is the truth, that the actions of men bier fruit in this world, that though wickedness may seem to go unpunished ?nd wrong to be re warded, ' there ls jet a Nemesis that fol? lows every national crime add punishes the ch i'd re a for the father's transgress ion ; the truth that each individual must ?ct apeo and be acted upon, and that the, lifo of rich mast be dominated by the conditions Imposed upon all. B?t I can not think that sucha soul, living such an . uuEclOab life na hi?, feeling the burden of gmt core, tho bitterness of great caro, tho bitterness of great disappointment*, did not stretch forward with tho hope of tho lifo boyond ; did not strengthen and ground itself in the confident belief that the death of the body is but tho emanci pation of tho soul ; did not fcol the as surance that there is a power in the uni verse which will lead safely through "the wreck ofmalter aud the crush of worlds." In the full blaze of the Nineteenth Centu ry, when every child in our common schools knows things such ns tho Egyp tian in hiB wisdom never dreamed of, it is natural for us to look back upon tho wisdom of 3,000 years ago as a man looks buck upon tho accomplishment* of tho child. And yet for nil thia wonderful iucreaso of kuowlcdge, this enormous gain of productivo power, where is there a commuuity in the civilized world whero lhere is not want and sufTeriug ? Here, ivilh vaster knowledgo and wider experi ence, we ere building up a nation greater than any other, i her^ arc yet thousands urnong us who f nd it difficult to assert the first of nil uationnl rights-the right to earu an honest living. We boast of equality before tho law; md) notoriously, justice is deaf to thc sall of him who hath not gold, and to tho lin of him who hath. Under tho shad ow of our colleges, children are growing , up in vice aud crime, because from their bornes poverty has driven all refining influences. We pin our faith to uuiver- 1 lal suffrage ; yet tho control of public i flairs is passiug into the hands of a 1 :lasa of professional politicians, and our Grovaromeot is becoming the instrument 1 )f men who are robbing the pecplo. Wo bave forbidden tii!ea of nobility, yoi hero is growing up among us an aristoc racy of wealth as remorseless ns any that 1 ?var existed. We girdle the land with ron roadH and cover it with telegraph vires ; each day brings snruo new advance 1 n science and art ; yet the complaints of 1 lard times como oftener and aro louder ; 1 ?very where arc Dieu harassed by care and 1 inuuted by the fear of want ; pauperism < s increasing ; insauity is increasing ; I hero aro more and moro men who do not ;et n wife- ; moro and more women who 1 vait in vain for a husband. Tho causes i hat aro thus producing want in tho < nidst of plenty, ignorance in the midst of cnowledge, aristocracy in democracy, veakucss in tho midst of strength, you viii find they aro something which this , Icbrew statesman threj thousand years igo perceived and guarded against. , uoses saw that tho real cause of tho , mslavemont of tho masses of Egypt was ( vhat was everywhero produced in slavo y ; that in permitting the name unqual- j ned ownership in land aa in other ac- , luisitions it would ultimately raise up , he very rich and cost down tho very . )oor, and muko tho few thc masters of j ho many. Inevitably it would bring , rice and degradation, aud ho sought to \ ;uard against this error. Everywhere in , ho Mosaic institutions is tho laud treat- j id as the gift of the Creator to His com- ,j non creatures, which no one hos tho : ight to monopolize. It is not "your j 'state," or "the land which you bought , ir conquered," but "tho land which the , liord, thy God, giveth theo." Aud by ( iractical regulations He tried to guard , igainst the causo that converted Egypt's j indent civilization into a despotism-tho t ;uino that is to-day crowding our fami icu into tenement roomB in our cities, j Ie provided for the distribution of the j and among the people, and mado it fol- , ow every seventh year, and for a rediB- ( ribution every fiftieth year. He mado . nonopoly impossible. I do not ask thia nation to follow the brm? of tnat tims ; I ask a recognition if the spirit. Yet how common It li to 1 moor the form and deny the spirit. ? i'hero are many who believe that the 1 ilosaic institutions were dictated by the 1 Um ?gbly and who yet denounce tho np- ? dication of their spirit to the life of to- 1 lay. And yet how much we of to day < uve to theBe institutions I This very day I he only thing that Blands between our 'i vorking classes and ceaseless toil is one - if those Mosaic institutions. Our work- ' ng classes would get no more wages for < oven days' labor than for six, and would < ind it just as difficult to reduce their 1 vorking as now. That ibero is ono day 1 n the week when the hammer is silent I ind tho loom stands idle is due to thene 1 Mosaic institutions. That exaltation of 1 bought strengthened the Scotch coven- < inter in the hour of peril, and the Puri- 1 an in the strange land ; it stood behind ? he low redoubt of Bunker Hill. The 1 ife of Moses is a pretest against tho ' jlasphemous doctrine current to-day, as 1 t was three thousand year t .*<,:>, timi the < vant and suffering of tbe mwcsof man- 1 (ind flow from a mysterious dispensation 1 >f Providence that we may lament, but 1 ;annot alter. For bim who will look, 1 ret burns the busfa ; for him who will 1 lear, yet comes tho voico aa strong as . iver. The forgetfulness of self matures- > ed in tba smiting of the Egyptians ihincs through MoBes's whole life. In ' nstitutions that make life easier for the 1 oiling masses wo may read the same I nurpose. Tho unselfish desire to moke ife happier, better, cobler. He discard ed the claims of blood, and disdained to Tound a dynasty of his own, which he. night have readily done. He conquered .hr. BOUI'S natural yearning to depart iinong friends, and withdrew from the dght nt oren to die ?lone lest in his! lentil he should be deified and accorded the full measure cf super?? i timi* raver mee wbich be knew was reidy to break forth. But the namo of the Hebrew who strove for the elevation of bis fel low-man is yet a beacon-light to the whole world* With whom among the rounders of empire shall we compare aim ? To dispute about the inspiration jf euch a man is to dispute about mere words. From the depths of the unsecs inch characters must draw their strength. ~- ..i.t_ ..-_t .i__* Lfl bUUIClUIUU UIUIO ICIII Lil im umiici, u* something higher than the stars, of a light that will endure when sun* are dead ~nd dark, of a purpose of wbich the physical universe is but a passing phase, mob lives tell. Suicide to avoid Death. The case of Charles Ford is a very curious one. It was he who killed Je&so James, the great Western robber. Ford belonged to James' gang of thieves, and be waa induced to murder his chief be sause o' the large reward offered by Governor Crittenden, of Missouri. Ford waa given tba money and a free pardon. He was theo engaged by a theatrical speculator, who exhibited bim through out the coun try ; but the enterprise was sot a pecuniary success. Boobera and murderers do not make a good amuse ment attraction. Ford subsequently lived a miserable life. He waa tortured by the fear that some of hit former aa* ?colates wera . on bia track. Day and night the spactre of the avenger haunted bim, and life became so great n borden to bim that ba Anally killed himself to ivoid being killed. Verily, the way of the transgressor Is bard.-Demoretl Month ty for July. - A remedy for balky horse*, which ivorks well, io to put a email aton/j cr sand to tho horse's cur. Generally the bor so will atari off at once at o lively salt, u nles5 he halfca from fatigue. Blaine's Public Record. A correspondent, wbose letter we print in another column, desires some explana tion of what he considers the slighting or hostile- references to Mr. James G. Blaine which so frequeutly appear in the Even ing Post, and which bo BUBpecls must bo. in some degree at least, tue product of private malice. Wo think be is entitled, as our readers generally, to 6ome such explanation, and we shall proceed to make it cheerfully, starting, however, with the assertion that no editor or other person counected with tho Evening Post in any capacity bas, to oui knowledge, had any difference, quarrel or coutroversy with Slr. Blaine or has ever received any injury from h5ui whatever or bears bim any personal grudge. Whenever be is discussed in these columns he is discuss ed either as tho bolder of a public offico or as a candidate for a public olfice. Nor do wo make any reference to bis private adair* except when thoso affairs havo or appear to have direct and important re lation to bis character and claims as a public mun. In fact, nil our comments on him and his doings are due (otho fact that wo consider hi? rc appearance ns a candidats for tho highest ollico in tho government, or any other, as an audacious proceeding, which can ouly bo accounted for by supposing bim to have an extraor dinary and unwarrantable confldeuco in tho popular forgetfulness. It is the duty of all those who do n ii wish to seo the Republican party huidined during tho canvass next summ - with tho hopeless task of whiUiWi"!'..!; g bim. io rat forth briefly, not? ?f(it bia Doom is becomia^so lively, the cha'.gss which be will have to answer before he can bo elected to the Presidency. It would bo lamentable indeed, and certainly disastrous, if the task prescribed for Republican journalists by the Convention should be not tho discussion of great questions of public policy, Uko tho tariff or the civil soYvico ar tho railroads or tho currency, but la borious! examinations of Mr. James Q. Blaine's railroad transactions. Wo mean, ns far as we are concerned, to avoid this if we can by taking up bis railroad tranp fictions now, before the bustle and excito* ment of the canvass begins. TUE FIRST CHARGE. Tho first of those charges istbat in the spring session of Congress in 1869 a bill was before tho House of Representatives which sought to renew a laud grant to tho Little Bock and Fort Smith Railroad af Arkansas, in which some of Mr, lllaine's friends aro interested; that an Attempt to defeat it by an amendment was m lido, and was on tho point of being successful, ond its promoters wore in ilesuair ; that at this juncture, Mr. Blaine, being then Speaker of the House, scut a message to Gen. Logan to make ibo point of order that the amendment was not germane to the purposes of the sill ; thal this point of order was accord ingly raised and promptly sustained by Mr. Blaine as Speaker, and tho bill was in this manner saved ; that Mr. Blaine ?vrote at onco to tho promoters calling utention to tho service be bad rendered :hem, and finally, after some nogotia ions,secured from them, ns a reward foi it, bis appointment as Dolling agent ol .ho bonds of the road, on commission, in Maine, and received n number of such rands as his pm cen tage ; that the leading features of this transaction appeared in AV o letters of h?B afterwards made public lated respectively Juno 29 and Octobei 1, 1869. Till-; SECOND CHARGE. Second, That bo nusils? ai aralon th: loor ot the House, with the view* of co? ?ring up this affair, that the Little Reel ind Fort Smith road "derived its lifs franchise and valuo wholly from tbc State," and not from Congress, wheroni he evidence subsequently taken by tin Congressional committee disclosed th? Tact that tho road derived the value ot which these bonds were based from tbi A. ct of Congress of which Mr. Blaini secured the passage in the mantlet abovi lescribed in 1869 ; that be asserted oi :ho floor of the House that the bonds bi received "were bought by him at precise ?the same rate as others paid," wherea e evidence showed that the bonds cami to him as commissions on sales, which hi secured the opportunity of makinj through his aid given to'the work ii Dongrees, and that be solicited this agen :y, basing hin request on the aid so given ?nd that he paid nothing whatever fo the bonds, tho consideration being hi ruling as Speaker and his sobsequen stTorts to sell them. What be did wit these bonds, seventy-five in number, 1 uncertain ; but strong, though not coe elusive, evidence was produced going t ihow that they were taken off his hanc il a good price by the Union Pacifl Railroad (through the inBtrameutallty < ane Caldwell,) which then also was i trouble. The investigation n this poii was never poshed home, oi .og to th sudden illness which overtook Mr. Bl nit In 1876. THE THIRD CHARGE. Third. That Mr. Blaine in 1870 ma? an offer, as appeared by his own lettei to one of his railroad friends, Mr. Wa ren Fisher, of Boston, to sell bim a be of one-twenty-fourth interest in tl Northern Pacific Railroad, immediate after J? y Cooke's contract "b*d Keen TM fected and the additional legislation In heen obtained," be having, be said, COD into control of this interest "by astron revolution cf circumstances;" tbat ti amount cf -?tock rrhich this wculd repi sent, ho said, wonld be ? i^?.OOO. and tl number of aereo of land "nearly 275,900 "Tbe chance," lio said, "was a very rs one; he couldn't touch it,:; but ho ode edit ta Mr. Fisher for ??r,,000 ; tust V Fisher accepted it and paid the mone but for some unexplained, reason the s to was never delivered, and Mr. Blaii subsequently roturned the amount. Tl transaction was a very peculiar one, I the following reasons : It appears from Acts of Congress i lating to the road, none of which are older date than Joly 2, 1864. that i authorized stock was $100,000,000, wi a land grant estimated by the comm .loners of. public lands at 47,000,0 acres, or 74,423 square miles. The li of the road was 2,000 miles long, and the time of Blaine's letter to Fisher was, be says, befog built on bondi 126,000 a mile, wh'ch would have mi L bonded debt of .60,000,000. 1 Blaine, as meir ocr of Congres* a Speaker of the House, mutt be taken have knowu r'oout the circumstances the road, *\j:t there therefore seems escape from the conclusion that bia ol was based on the expectation that would receive almost as a gift a share an enterprise dependent for Its Value legislation in which ho bad taken pl Mr. Blaine's defence iii the csso of t transaction consisted at Hrs! of a dsn th nt he had overbad any transact with the road at all. but be afterwi rested on theWst that tie bad no peen ary interest lu the transfer, and thal was ? no vcr actual!/ made ; bot thc? this might be a defence to a suit aga! bim for a conspiracy to defraud pundi en cf tho stock, lt does not affect in i Way the' nature of the ofter. Bia ? tiona with Warrsa Fishe? were In IS as appeared Irom thocvidonco, auch I any favor done tho l(vUer4 or gift prese cd to him, bad a direct pecuniary value. THF. FOURTH CU A ROE. Fourth. Ilecauso he obtained certain letters, which there in every reason to believe contained matter gravely compro mising bim, from a perfectly reputable witness, Mr. Mulligan, who was the prop er and lawful custodian of them, after having vainly tried appeals to hie pity, by pledging bis word of honor to restore them broke this pledge, retained them by force, and subsequently read such of them as he pleased to the House in aid of his vindication ; that this conduct, if not legally criminal, was such aa no man aspiring to bo the Chief Magistrate of a great nation ought to be even suspected of. TUE illili CHARGE, Fifth. That both his short service aa an executive officer of the government and the various efforts he bas made du ring tho past eight years to keep the public in mind of him, have been sensa tional and theatrical, indicating a strong love of notoriety aud an absence of the settled convictions, tho sober judgment and tho steadiness of character which are needed to make him a safe occupant of any high or responsible administrative ofDce ; and that tho mcanB by which bis "booms" aro started and promoted-of which tlr.> manner iu which bis "history" bas recently been heralded and produced is a good example-bear too close an approach to the advertising devices of a circim or other public show to make the candidacy of any parson rewind to them anything but abttmUiatto? for i?n* party rif?duciug him. A PACKER OP CONVENTIONS. Laalily, it secniB to us emphatically the duty nf tbo independent voters to repress fa some signai way the rapidly growing practice ot packing conventions under the personal superintendence of candidates for tho Presidency. It is of comparatively recent date. It is only a few years since Mr. Tilden excited the horror of tho Republican press by taking charge of his own canvass and starting a "literary bureau" to supply puffs of him self to tho newspapers. Since then it has grown apace, and it now excites no surprise to hear that any candidate -ia activ.lv engaged in using all bis powors of intrigue, chicanery and corruption to ?cairo the election of delegates all over the Union, pledged either openly or secretly to act under his orders at tho Convention, and, if casting votes for him will du no good, to cast them In such a way as to enable him to carry out any bargain or "deal" with any other candi dato which it may bavo pleased bim to malro. The Nominating Convention bas already, through its size as well a? for other reasons, lost nearly, all semblance of a deliberative body, but it haB rot yet become wholly the product of "subsoiling" canted on by the various candidates themselves. lu this sri of packing Con ventions Mr. Blaine is now the greatest mat ter in the country. Iiis success wou'd mal e thia art almost the only one whic'a Am arican statcsmon would hereafter cul tivate or would apparently need to culti vate. It is high time, therefore, thar*- ho and bisdiBCiples were made tc understand that it is nit by such little gumea that the Presidency !? to be won.-From the Evening Foti, April 7. Is tho Moon Inhabited 1 At tho astronomical observatory of Berlin, says a translation from Nya Pres sen Helsingfor, a discovery bas lately been made which, without doubt, will '';u.:(u the grcsiiwt sensation, not only ?.mong the adepts in science, but even, among tho most learned. Prof. Blend mann, in that city, has found, beyond a doubt, that our old friend, the moon, is not a mere lantern which kindly furn ishes light for tho loving youth and gas companies of our planet, ont the abode of living, intelligent beings, for which he is prepared to furnish proofs most convincing. The question baa agitated humanity from time i inmemorial, and has been the object ol' the greatest interest. But . tho opinions have always differed very wide ly, and no two minds held one and the same? Already in ancient times the belief prevailed that tho moon was in habited by nomo lighter organized, intel ligent beings, somewhat resembling man, and in order to communicate with them the earthly enthusiasts planted rows of trees several miles in mnnrf,?? so ?? to form the figure of the Pythagorean tho oren. The celebrated astronomer (Schroder, in the beginning of the pres ent century, fancied that he could detect places on the surface of the moon which periodically grew lighter and darker, abd fr? 'his fact he derived the conclusion thaw the phenomenon was proof of exist-. iog vegetation. During the last few decades, however, the idea of life on the moon baa been held np to ridicule, and totally scorned by men of learning. But, nevertheless, it bas now been proved to bo correct. By accident Dr. Blendman found that the observations of the moon' gave hut very unsatisfactory ?esulta, owing to tho intensity of the light power of the moon's atmosphere, which is that sirOng that it effects the correctness of the observations in a very high degree. He then con ceived the idea to make ibo ubj-jov-glaas of the refractor less sensitive to thc rays of the light, and for that purpose ho darkened it with the smoke Of camphor. It took moulds of experimenting before he succeeded in finding his right 0 ear ree of obscurity of the glass, and. when finally found be then with the refractor took an accurate photo of the moon's surface.. Thia he placed In a sun micro scope, which gave the picture a diameter of 66} feet. The r?v?lation was most startling. It perfectly overturned all hitherto entertained ideas of the moon's surface. Those level plains which for merly were held to be oceans of water proved to be verdant fields, and what formerly were considered mountains turned ont as deserts of sand and oceans of water. Towna and habitations of all kinds Were plainly discernible, as. well aa signa of i nd not ry and trafilo. The learned professor's study and Observations of old Lana will be repeated every full moon when .the sky is clear, and we ven ture to predict that the ' time is not far off when we shall know more ' about tho man in the moon than aa being an ?gent in English politics. - There are an unusual number of bouse flies thia year, and varions means are resorted to for their extermination. The safest, sorest ?nd quickest way. that we know to rid a room of these pests ia to close the doors and windows and burn sulphur in tba room. Every fly will soon be. dead on the floor, when they can bo swept up and burned. - ?*Ia your slater at home V* > St, tonia young gentleman ortho litte brother who answered tho bell. "Yea, she's home," said tho hoy : "we're going to Have cocoanut pies for dinner to-mor row, and *h*'a out in the^kltchen heW mother reako^emV ?.Indeed." replied tho young man; Qvidcotly very..moen pleased, "and what part of the pie doja your sister; makaV" "Sho crack? tTvO cocoanut s with her teeth."