University of South Carolina Libraries
HY E. B. MURKAY & CO. VOLUME XIX.-NO. 44 ION THE ARSENAL' WAS TAKEN. IND S CI "NI- Ol' TUE G LO KIES OF Urs. Eliza lt. minson, of Mecklenburg County, X. V., in Charleston Weekly News, Tho town of Fayetteville, North Caro ma, although situated amid the piney rood?, may he called a picturesque place, t js built on three natural terraces on lie Cape Fear River, and the big Claren on ilridge is the most conspicuous fea ure in the landscape and the only bridge II the river. Doubtless, the horses, if hey could (?peak, would say the river hill as a very important consideration, as bey have" to haul all the merchandise rought to Fayetteville up its steep und flou muddy though comparatively short went, hut thc inhabitants at large sel om sec or think of it. I never saw the ?vcr at this point till the day "every udy" went to "seo off' tho two first ? unpanies that were raised in the county b join thc Southern army. In my rand father's day tho town was really on he river, and tho shabby old dilapidated uildings that still romain were tho abode f the elite, but, Uko the course of em ire, il has gradually taken its way restward, undone does not see a single lubstautinl dwelling for half 3 mile, sad ut u store is to bc seen until the second errac? is reache?"; nearly n mile from tba ?vcr. The market i:s jus? st the tcp of his short steop ascent. The second level extends about half a nie westward where llayinount begins 0 rise, or "The Hill" as it is called hy he town people. Tho town ls intersect d by large creek?, two of which are eautiful, clear and swift running streams, urnishing in ante-bellum days water ower for a number of grist mills and bree cotton factories. There were csides a carriage manufactory, known ll over the South, besides turpentine istilleries and smaller workshops, which, ucludiug two other factories in the icinity, gave us the notion that Fayette ille was quite a manufacturing town, he corporute limits were at the foot of ay m ou ut, but practically "The Hill" Ulenient was a part of the town. It as laid off in streets and squares and ie residents, my father being one, were lruoat wi'hout exception meu doing usinesa in town. Several of our (argent alors and most prorainent lawyers lived ere, and every morning early numbera one-horso rockaways might be seen nveying them dowu thc hill to business, d their daughters to school. The andsorae residence surrounded with owcrs, immediately to the right as you ft behind tho town proper, was thc ino of the late E. J. Hale, editor of e Observer. On the hill were the most atitiful flower gardens and some of the udsomest houses ; herc also was thc nited States Arsenal. The old original Arsenal, counted the andsoniest collection of buildings the \vn could boast of, included three fine sidences for the officials. The build gs were all painted cream-color, with rown trimming, and were arranged in a ollow rectangle with the citadel in the ntre. This was a large oblong three ory building with an observatory on ch end of the roof. The intervening rounds were laid out with walks ana rives and set with grass and evergreens, arge oaks dotted it at intervals. The hole was surrounded by a high wall aviug a tower at each corner and "rinounted by an iron railing. The wder magazines were outside the en osure, in the rear, at a respectful dis nee. The Arsenal grounds were one uare back from the main street, and mitcd at right angles to it toward the st. The ground fell away rapidly to e south and east, giving ita command g position in the direction of the river, out two miles off. The view from the tadel was very fine. The town lay at 3 feet and two very large ponds, they ight be nailed lakes, sparkled in the n to the South. Altogether we thought a very pretty place.- We brought our siting friends here. 'Twas our central rk on a numil scale. But to day there not one brick upon another, and one the chief grudges which ?he people ar Gen. Sherman is for the destruction their Arsenal. A TOWN OF THE OLDEN DAYS. Before the days of railroads, Fayotte ille had a large trade from the western rt of tho State and upper counties of uth Carolina. In my day, however, e had lost all but the turpentine trade the piney woods country. She had en for many years apparently a finished wn. There were no fine public build gs nor elegant houses, no very wealthy "plo in .thc place, but, there were neat d convenient houses, well-furnished,; d a gr?ai deal of solid comfort. T' arlor of one of our well-to-do citizens ight be taken as a fair tyne of the hole house. The people lived well and ero whole-hearted in their hospitality, hey cared for tho destitute and unfortu te at homo. , Being fifty, mites "from e railroad, the place was really a large untry village, though ranking third as population among the towna of tbe te, and took things slow and easy. 1 Imington laughed at her being a year hind the fashions, hut sho did not mind at, caring little fbr vain display. The ace waa originally a Scotch settlement, d first called Campbelton, and the tnparatively isolated situation which e had held for so many years, tended preserve, the original characteristics of r father^ 'almost intact id her people the breaking ont of the war. They oferred plain comfort ?nd the educa n of their children to tbnt feverish Iving after display, often with very oder backing, which is so characteriat of to-day in our fast little railroad wns. They were cautious, economical, dustrious. in earnest about everything, d not a little stubborn in their prepu ces. They were religious and, consid "g their means, supported their urches well. Fayetteville was to them e only place in the world really worth ing in, and they bad a smile of ?upc r pity for the fastness of their...neigh* rs on the railroads who laughed at eir old-fashioned notions, ri r . When Secretary Floyd, of Bocban?oM blnet, moved a quantity of arms and munition from Northern arsenals and tributed it among those located at the utb, he added to the small quantity of res in the Fayetteville Arsenal. Then e citizens began to find out for the first e what-, Jin arsenal , was .mada for. v lously it h nd been ' especially' t>iip . ad to be mainly ttgtfftffiJa? com/ortit 0 berth for old Capt. Bradford, who nerally held the place of port com nder, and kept bachelor's hall in one the fine houses, having several other gontiemen an his assistants ir* taking re of tho empty taildtag? W?ehUdrt? ught it was'a Jolly placo for fireworks the Fourth of July. There waa a 'hine shop of somo kimi run,hy a irty-horan power steam engine, but hing . of ?ny - great consequence WM no. -Twas but child's play aaoompai* with the work done afterwards by the Confederate Government. Now, however all waa changed ; thero waa a large quan tity of arm? and ammunition stored here, aud supposo towards Christmas, when tao uegroefi were generally supposed to no taken with annual longings to "rise " the munitions ot war should prove a temptation too strong for them to resist? limid people began to ask each other how Capt. Bradford and his old gentle men were going to guard them. Men's hearts were failing them for looking for thoHe things that were coining. The scent of war waa in the air. The negroes might take the infection. The end of all thc talk was that a request was sent from some of our citizens to the secre tary, asking that a guard of soldiers be sent lo protect tho Arsenal. The request was complied with, and tho people breathed free tor a while. AKltl VAL OF THE ARTILLEEY. I was a very young miss in my teens, then, but I remember as well as yesterday my impressions on geeing the first rea'l soldiers I had ever beheld, except our post commanders, who always wore citi zens' clothes. Tho morning; they airived wo ?vero wending our way down the hill to school, and met them marching up to tho Arsenal. There were forty men, including oificers. It was a drizzly fall day and they were wrapped in their long overcoats. They were artillerymen, and carried no guns upon their shoulders, and as they walked quietly along without fife or drum I thought they looked very poky and humdrum, not near so martial as om volunteer companies on the glori 0U8 Fourth, parading with their gleaming bayonets, gay uniforms and plumed hat?, to tho music of u baad playing "Hat! ! Columbia!" Wa thought very little more of them at the time, but the day came when they became suddenly invest ed with a fearful importance in our inexperienced eyes. Tho winter wore on, as winters will ! always, whether men's hearts are heavy , or light; the spring came and with it the inauguration of Abraham Lincoln, and the proclamation. The character of our , people being such as I have described, it is not surprising that like tho border people generally they had hitherto hetd- . tated at taking the serious step of sepa rating from th? Union, but when "Alie'* proclamation In n twinkle. Stirred up thu blood of alp Van Winkle," they spraug to arms r.s one man. It will be remembered how North Carolina! then i went out of the Union without any ceremony, and companies were raised and equipped, and regiments formed, before tho State had time for the formal secessiou, which took placo on the twen- i tieth of May. Fayetteville had two I companies, fully equipped, in Raleigh 1 before that day. We had already two I holiday volunteer companies, of not i moro than forty or fifty men each. They '. proceeded to fill up their ranks, and soon ? nad over h hundred each on their rolls. ! The women were as anxious to do theit part as the m?jn, and there waa plenty for i them lo do. The volunteers were to be I fitted out, and tuero, were mile? of sewing i to be doue, to get all the needed garments i put together. But before we got well ( started with our needles? Governor Ellis ? sent orders lo Gen. Draughan, who commanded the county militia, to call out his men and take possession of the Arsenal, before the authorities at Wash ington could send in reinforcements. Ah 1 then there wo? hurrying lo and fro.. Monday waa the day appointed for the ' great undertaking. I have forgotten the 1 exact date, hut lt was about the middle of April. Thc ladies had Leen at work fixing un hats for the volunteers. It had been decided that all the superfluous ornaments should be removed from the coats of the old members of the compa nies, and these garments put on a war footing. They were now to be put to a different use from that for which they were originally mado. The fanciful helmets, with their bright colored plumes, were to be Cr jmged for soft hats. But we though that soldiers must have a plume in their hats, so it was decided that a black feather would be the correct thing with which to go into real war, and ? there was a call for contributions of feathers, which came in from the ladies in abundance. It was in the midBt of this decoration of hats that the order for our men to take their first march up to the cannon's mouth was given. It was necessary to go to work after service Sunday to get ali the h?ta ready in time for" next day's work. Cartridges, too. could bo mado by the women, and all hands were busy. All the r-ounty militia wero put in, requisition ?or the deed of daring, and early next? morning in every direction they were coming in. Young and old, rich and poor, flocked to the place of rendezvous. There was n> company of "Homo Guards" formed for this special occasion, comprising the citizens over age, and every man in tewn that could shoulder a gun, except, the preacher?, was .under ai ms. There waa our .middle aged physician; who stood at the b?aq of our "faculty," and was generally believed by us to be the first doctor of the age, mounted on a prancing steed, with a feather in his hat, on duty, as a staff officer. There was a well known portly old lawyer, pompous but true hearted, marching as'private in tho ranks by the side of a white haired merchant whose spare form held a heart beating with the resolute blood of the 8cots. Bald beaded presidents of banks, and grizzly bearded clerkswalked aid? by side, resolvtj? to do or die. Few of these old gentlemen probably bad shot a squirrel in thirty years, or taken as long a walk as the distance from the rendezvous up hill to the Arsenal, but they swelled the ranks of the mighty army, and doubtless help 'ed to*convince the handful of men \?ho held the stronghold! that "resistance was useless." A MOBBING OF UBEAT 8?8PEN8E. But would there be any resistance on the part of the forty drilled and discip lined soldiers who comprised the garri son ? That was a question which lilied the hearts of the women with fear, for there was not a house that did not have one or two men in the field that day. Brevet-Major Anderson, the captain of the company, had already resigned his commission, but bad not heard from Washington. He was sick in bed more over, and Lieut. De Lagnal was in com-, mand of the men. The Lieutenant's ?redilectlona were, nnt so - well known, ho orderly sergeant- had deserted with the intention of joining one of our com panies whenever safe opportunity should .arrive and was. in biding; some, of our young men could doubtless have told where. The relations previously exUting between Ibo garrison ?d towns-people ?ad not' become strained sinco the prep refiW for war set In. The officers woht'and came clotho hotels ss usual, where they boarded with their wives. Of course it would be folly in a handful of men so far from their base, and in the heart of a hostile country, to resist, as .eventually they would be obliged;ift?uff rehder br die. ; ? - ' ' v But should they coriwd?r it their duty to destroy the Arsenal or resist its cap ture, with their superior discipline and thclt1 artllWy within the shelter of the walls, they might wow down hundreds of our raw.militia before they could be overwhelmed by Timbers, the artillery of the uttackiug force consisting of two I old iron guns of small calibre which had i been used for many year? to fire salutes ? on the glorious days of our Republic, i My father had died only two months previously, and tho brother who had taken his place in tho large family was in the ranks with his townsmen. The position of the Arsenal, surrounded with dwellings, with the town close at the foot of the hills, would have necessitated fearful havoc among our houses from tbe us? of artillery. Fayetteville had been burned up twice in the business life of my falber, but a common home-made fire, though fearful euough in itself, would be rendered a hell with flying shot and hissing shells added to the horrors of the scene. So thought and felt our wo men on that eventful morning. The men all professed to be confident that the place would be surrendered on demand hy such a large force as we proposed to send up the hill. Nevertheless they looked serious, and probably during the four years of the war never was a morn ing of greater suspense endured than on the eveutful day "when the Arsenal was taken." The mention of that day excites a Binile now in Fayetteville. It appears in the light of a burlesque upon war; but our sufferings were none tbe less real at the time. I have always regret tv l that we did not turn out*to soe our band, twelve hundred strong, as they marched up the hill, but at our hous'. the elders thought it advisable that the women 'hautd keep quiet at home, and wa misa* ed tho imposing sight. There ia a very deep cut in the road at the steepest part of the !ocg hil!, however, and from the top of the bank on either side a good view of the advancing host was had by Iho Hill people near by, whose terror was overcome by their curiosity. But as we lived more than half a mile further cm wo Baw nothing of it. Doubtless as the Home Guard passed irreverent girls were found to laugh. It is not often in this world that any situation of affairs ..an be found where school girls will not Lind something to laugh at. "Dear mo ! how much fighting can these old men io?" "Do look at old Mr. -. He looks as if a feather would knock him iver 1" "Lawyer - looks as if he thought himself Napoleon himself; and ['ll venture to say he's tired half to death now." "Don't you know some of them ?re scared ?" "Goodness ! Lucy, let's go 'lome; suppose they should send a volley ff shelis right over here?" and BO on. THE CAPTURE OF TUE ARSENAL. But tho regiment passed on ita way, ind arriving at the proper distance, baited and Bent in a flag of truce by the bauds of tbe General's staff, demanding he surrender of the Arsenal to thc forces ff thc ?State of North Carolina. Lieut. DeLagnal was iu command at tho time. He observed the proprieties of thc octil lion with becoming gravity. Ge.i. Draughan with hiB staff conducted bin under the flag of truce to survey tho at tacking force, and be was convinced that it was useless for bim to contend against such odds. Ho asked pf tho captain of soe company "bow many rounds of am munition his men had?" "Three," was the answer. "Do you consider three rounds suffi cient to go into battle with ?" "When that is gone, sir, we'll club our guns." It was a warm day for the season, and tbe new soldiers were very thirsty and jaw no reason why they should not re? fresh themselves with s dr?ofe of Tfater c?hile waiting- io hear whether or no that hour mi, it bo their lost. But CDC vali ant captain who had worked himself up into the proper frame of mind for the stern realities of war, thought doubtless it was very unsoldierly to be complaining of thirst after so short a walk under au April sun. He sternly informed bis men that they did not come there to drink water, but to die. After much parley and what Beemed an almost interminable delay on tbe part of the waiting and anxious women, it was agreed that the Arsenal and all ita contenta were to be given up to the State troops on coudition that the garrison should be allowed to salute their flag before lowering it, and should have the liberty of returning to Washington with their baggage in safety. DeLagnal being the only officer availa ble, considered it his duty to etay by them till they were put in charge of the proper authorities. So thc Arsenal was taken. The aaluto was fired first, the Stars aud Stripes were lowered, then our men marcbed in and raised the State flag and saluted it. The United States troops left the old flag behind when they went away and some of the ladies afterwards con verted it into a Confederate flag, when the Stars and Bars bad been settled upon. When Col. Childs, with hia company ol Confederate soldiers, evacuated tho place before the march to the sea overwhelmed it, be carried off the old flag,, and the final fate of it was to be tom in strips and distributed among bis lady friends as mementoes. I have one of them still in my possession. In the meantime, in our little neigh borhood on the verge of the Hill settle ment, half a mile from tbe Arsenal, and half that distance from the main road, we were cut off from sight of the bill Bummit by groves of trees, and could not see the flag, nor bear anything that wat going on. We were very quiet at out house and tried to go about our uaua' employment, but the servants wert frightened half out of their wits. Witt wild oyes the middle-aged cook came io "Miatia," she said, with trembling lips "I h earn them people waa g wino tei throw a bum over dat way and one o vet dis 'er way, befo' dey give un de Ara'nal and I JIB come ter ten you 1 was gwini down in de boiler." We heard afterwards that the gulleyi in tho hillside were lined that mornici with the frightened negroes. Our nearest neighbor was a near reis tion, a maiden lady, one of those persom who always look for the worst. Tbi dear old lady was in a terrible state o mind, and we all felt the responsibility o supporting her in the trying hour although her own status in the co?tes was not greeter than that of her neigh hors all round. We bad all been acas to m cd to bear salutes fired on Nations festivals by our town's people in a aloi and deliberate manner, with an interva of several minutes between shots ; bn when the United States soldiers fired of their thirty-one guns in rapid succeasioi with scarcely a second between, 'twas at awfnl - cou nd In Our ears. Wc t hough aurely it was a broadside mewl ig dow oar devoted band; Our excited ! -hbo 8t*m-d to tako lt for granted" - v. he brother and his con "had 1 usbed noth field and foremost fightiug fell'- at th first ?ho?, and eho begab walking up an donn her front piazza, wringing hf baads, screaming at the top of hes voice 4,Ob, my poor Drotberl Oh, ruy poe John !" She could be heard al I over tb neighborhood. All the rest of na wei as m ire h frightened, but we did nt scream. Al length ! remembered that theflf contd be coen from the house of a neig! bor, perhaps three bu nd red yards off, bi out of hearing. ?TU ran over to Mr. Wa. and eco the flag is up," said I, ami away I apt though it was towards the field of battle ; ?nd when I put my foot on tho high piazza-lo ! thu bare Hag-staff greeted my Jelighted eyes. Tue lady of the bouse was seated on tho piazza apparently calmly sewing, [she was one of the women who helped lo bear the burdens of the world,) but I bad no time for a visit to our good friend that day. "I must run back," I oaid, "everybody is frightened nearly to death ove.- our nay, and cousin-is almost crazy." That was the promptest errand lever lid, and probably Among the most accep table in its results. TUB 6LY OLD V A 1:113 OHS. So passed that eventful day, at that Limo doubtless tho most anxious that Fayetteville bad seen in that generation, some simple souls imagined the war was iver. One old lady remarked (bat sue liad seen one war, and hoped np ver to seo mother. But the provokiug part to us ' females was to hear, as we discussed the ' Jay with our returned braves in the ' evening, how it had como out that tho ' beads on both sides bnd had a private :onsultation beforehand, and the terms 1 )f thc surrender had been agreed upon ' ind papers signed iu a very friendly ! manner. The parade of the day bad been a mere comedy to set things right tit Washington, but of courue the rank ! md file were kept iu ignorance of this ; fact till after nil was over. Lieut. James DeLagnal took his men it once to Washington and handed them ! >rer io vhs department. The othsr two lieutenants belonging to the company ' bid never boon to Fayetteville. They lided with thc Union, and we heard that ' '.his company waa among the regular ' troops who boro tho brunt of the brat j battlo of ManassBs, and that it was tiniest annihilated on that field. De Lagual was offered a commission as cap- ! uiii but declined the honor, and reaigu- . og his commission joined tho Southern ?ruiy in Virginia, ile behaved with 1 rreat gallantry at the fatal conflict on * fitch Mountain, and was loqg supposed to have been loft among the slain. Ho Iropped out of my record after that, but i L believe he survived the war. t I well remember how bia eagle eye < ind soldier-like bearing wero admired i ay our school girl?, whilo Major Hubert i Anderson commanded much fess of our ! intention. The Major, as ho appeared < in church with his wife, dressed in a I seat busiuesa suit, was a stout? c?mfor- I able looking gentleman who would be I tAken for a substantial merchant or bank < )fliccr than a soldier. But appearances < leceive. Tho Mujer was given com- i nand of the Fourth North Carolina ? Regiment, and proved himself in tho \ leid not only a soldier, but a mau. Ac- I :ustoined to the discipline of thc regular < um y he was strict with his men; be i requited every one to do his duty, nt the i ?ame time he was equally careful to M e i ,o their comfort in every way possible, < md made sure that they got their Bb ire < if everything thai was going. When he 5 ,vaa promoted to the rank of brigadier . i reueral they never bad another colonel . ?ho took such good care of his men. \ When he died of lock-jaw from a wound u the foot received at Sharpsburg, tho J Southern Cause never lost a braver ' soldier nor one that was more faithful to i lia duty in every respect. < After the Arsenal wna off our mindB < for a time, wo returned to the serious i ivork of finishing the equipment of our nen for the terrible work before them, i dlhough the moat experienced among us scarcely realised how t.erriblft it was to je, nor the privations they would bo i jailed upon to endure in the field, or < those we would have to bear at home. < Hie school-girls were wild ; no use was it Lo mention bunks to them ; it was their < plain duty to sew for the soldiers, and lew they did, though I must fear some af the work might have beeu criticised by particular persons. There were dress parade suits and fatigue suiia to be made, fis well as underclothing .-uitable to camp . life-tents, haversacks, canteens to bo covered, in fact every part of the outfit, except the knapsacks, waa made by tho voluntary labor of the women. They assembled in bees from house to house, where the most experienced l?dier? could oversee the difficult, parts of tho work, such as the making of coats which could not be trusted to novices. And when our two firat companies left us, we felt that ?hey w?r? a? T?el5 provided for as) soldiers could expect to bo, and us girls were proud to feel that we bad done our part as well aB school-girls could be ex pected to. TUE REAL WAR BEGINS. These companies represented in the main our best educated and well-to-do classes. They ware among the first to arrive in Raleigh and were ooth put into the 1st North Carolina Regimebt. It was fortunate for Fayetteville that this regiment was sworn in for six months only, as our companies returned homo at the end of that time, and the men were scattered among other regiments mostly as officers. Though the town lost heavily of her sons during the war, the loss was probably lesa tbau it would have been if so large .a number had remained in a single regiment throughout the war. But woman's work was by no means done when these two. companies had left us;. .Other companies were formed mora slowly, and there was plenty of work to be done. We became plainer in our notion?, however, SR materials began to be lees'plenty, and were content to send the others oil' without feathers in their hats or parade suits, and.requisitions had to be made on our .family supplies of blankets and carpets to supply this need ful article, as well as to respond to calls made on the part of destitute companies abroad ; and many families in moderate circumstances gave blankets they could have used at home without having too many. I never nestled under my blank ets of a cold Or rainy winter night but my last thought was for our soldiers under the blue star-spangled roof of heaven, or the dark and pitiless rein clouds. AU through the terrible strug gle the women of Fayetteville were ever ready to respond to any call on their timo or labor,'or means, (so far as they continued to bave any,) ever faithful to the cause which they bad at bean with all the earnestness of their Scotch blood. Although not subject to the horrors of actual battle, many of our people en dured privations never before dreamed ot Those called "the poor" got along as well aa over probably, as they did not scruple to ask for help ; but the Bullering was among thoso families who were neena tom ed to every comfort, and were above asking ox even receiving assistance from outers, and many families of this class roana great difficulty in procuring the bare necessaries of life.. I have known cases in which corn bread formed the sole bill of fart, at meal? in families accustomed to comfort and even luxury. Imitation coffee often became a luxury out of reach of many unless taken with* out sugar or cream, especially during the last, two years of the war. If a family could afford a alice of mest around for dinner, and home-made mo lr.sses at other meals, they considered themselves fortunate, and pittied the poor. ? The towri was never a very good nuvkct for fresh meats/:butter, &c., but wheu it became crowded with refugees from down tho river RIHI the increase attendant on the many new operatives and officials employed iu tho uaw and comparatively extensivo works carried on at tho Arsenal, these articles becamo luxuries reserved for th oso whoso wealth still continued available, and they were by no means a largo class. New clothes couldn't be thought of by the majority. What wonderful triumphs of goDius were then achieved by the ladies who had been taught good use of their need les, in tho "reconstruction" of old dress es, in "making auld claise look as maist as weels' the new." How garrets woro ransacked for old discarded garments, that were brought out and surprised by having a fresh lease of life given them in new characters. What nice bonuets were made of old black Bilk dress bodies, trimmed with goose feathers, and lined with red or blue satin from the lining of old coai sleeves, hats constructed ot old discarded ones of feathers, trimmed with aid coat collars and cock's plumes cut nil' the rooster in tho yan!. Space fails me to tell of all tho shifts that were made-not that wo thought HO much of sur personal appearance ns iu happier limes, but women will always try to "look decent" at least, and young girls will not often be found too sad to refuse to consider the set of a dress or the becomingness of a hat. I wish our women to-day would still remember thc lessons of these days, ?nd practico a part, at least, of tho enforced plainness of .'war timed." We should then hear leas if mortgages and iious, and the miseries :>f the credit system. But- though all the privations, real or relative, not one >f UH ever thought of the possibility of giving up. To tho hitter end wo believed irmly in the justice and final success of .ho causo, and even alter the devastations if Sherman's army we did not lose faith, nit thought "some way" would yet be found out of the difficulty, and tho sur render of .Leo came upon us like a thun i r clap. WOMAN'S FAIT? AND HOPE. One pleasant evening in April, 1865, ?ve heard that a battalion of cavalry was o pass up the road, and "the girls" in JUT neighborhood hastened (out to the main road with flowers and encouraging smiles. We had little elso to bestow, for the rations of our people had beeu .'.ut down so low by Sherman's requisi tions upon our Bmoke-houses and pautries that tlie bacon had ceased to go round the family. It was harder still to mako 3nds meet-in many families they didn't ]Uite meet. At home wo always had enough, though it might be plain, but I :an't say as much for all our neighbors. Elut our hearts were as atoi'.?. cs eve.- ; .hat the war was ovei had not come iulo )ur heads. As we stood dispensing our lowers or passing a word wiih a linger ing soldier, or having a little chat with tn officer, somebody carne up and told us thal news had como that Leo had surren iered. Wo rofuscd to believe such a dory. "Lee surrendered !" "Leo wou'd aover surrorder." Women are so unrea ion able, tb ey can't seo what tboy don't ?vant io ?oe really. We begged the soldiers not to givo up. rt could not be possible that tho South was really subdued. Wo wept and ?vrung our hands. "March on to victory ir death j" was our cry. In tho midst of mr excitement we saw a group of horse men coming down tho rond towards town. Wo ran to meet them, boping for news, ind our hearts fell to the lowest place when wo SAW Gen, Holmes. Col. Peter Mallet', and ?ome other officers riding ?lowly aloug towards home. What upon sarth were these gentlemen doing herel 9en. Holmes had married in Fayette ville aud we had all known him from our sarllest years. "Ob, General," we cried, "can it be that Leo has surrendered?" "Yes," said the old general from a full heart, his voice trembling with emotion. "Yes, all is over. The South is over come. Fayetteville has no cause to blume herself. She has doue her whole duty, and if all people everywhere had done as well, it might have been di livr ent." As they passed on wo returned home. We had no more to talk about that even ing. The war had ended as wo had never believed possible; all tho days of agonizing suspense, cur wives, mothers, bisters, and sweethearts, had endured, while their loved ones *T*r? hourly ex? posed to deadly danger, the nights of sleepless anxiety, wishing yet dreading for the morning-all the privations, self denials, losses, had been in vain. All the precious livrs had boen sacrificed, and tor what? Defeat nt last. Desola tion met our eyes all around. Want was lurking amoug ns. Tho earth seemed turned upside down, aud chaos seemed to reign. But not long did Fayetteville lie weep ing in the dust. 'Twas not in her nature. She gathered herself up and went to work again. She bought from the United States the millions of brick loft in the ruined walls of the Arsenal with which to repair her waste places, and She has struggled on all these years with adverse circumstances.' But to day all h< about to bo changed. She is to have very soon a railroad completed to connect her with the high-roads of the nation once mora Modern progress has laid its coal of fire noon her back, and before many years old-fashioned Fayetteville will be no more. It will be simply a common-place, modern, railway town. Tho young ladies will no longer bo behind in the fashions, but daughters of parents in moderate circumstances will be seen fashionably attired in satin bou?ht with the money that should have been spent in new sheets and towels for family use. Elegant parlors will be seen in houses where the doors are left carefully closed on bare bedrooms. Tho lady who used to say (I heard ber) that she preferred her friends should know ber "old last winter's bonnet bad been brought out again," will be superceded by the lady who cannot possibly wear a dress two seasons, therefore has no means to ex ercise the comfortable, if not showy nor lavish, i ? jpitality which was gracefully exercised by the old bonnet and carefully preserved black silk. The old stage coach in which every child of old Fayetteville has doubtless bten turned over io the dead of night, (I have en joyed that privilege) will bo forgotten and her people will be mashed up on fast mail trains. FAYETTEVILLE'S LOSSES BY THE WAIL. I have no means at hand for ascertain ing the exact loss of life Fayettvillo sus tained in her sons by the war.' As an illustration it may be interesting to give the autistics of one family. Our family; connection, which was large, sent eleven mea to the ?ar, S Ye of whom were mar ried and, with one exception, had yoong families. We had but three men left at home amenable to military doty. Thete were all men with large families depend ing on their earnings for n support. None of them made a cent by the war,' only managing to get A living through it. It was perhaps a little remarkable that only three out of the whole number of marr led men in the connection' had fathers-in-law living, ??.nd ono of theso didn't count. These three were volun teer*. Ono died of a wound received at Seven Pines, und lies buried in a pretty village churchyard, and his widow ?its in the village church with her sweet sad Taco still shaded by tho widow's voil, lier resolute spirit refused to allow her to remain entirely depoudcut on her aged father with her four lillie children, and t*ho taught school and sowed day and night in the endeavor to ease thc burdens of his declining years. Uer childreu are all grown now and settled in life. She is not old yet, but her eyesight is nearly gone, and in the enforced idleness of many of her hours doubtless the bit terness of that porting with her young and talented hushand is often lived over again. When will tho end of these things be? Five in all of our boys died a soldier's death. Two of them were the only children ot their mother, and she a widow. One of tho survivors limps to-day from a wound received in battle. i Minni' tho war there was not. a beau left in Fayetteville, and ali the assistants the girls had to depend upon when v-e had tableaux, concerts, charade*, &c, to raise money for tho hospitals, were tho few ollicials nt the Arsenal aud tho hos pital aud those of our soldiers who hup [icned to be at home convalescent ou sick eave. Tho "bomb proof'young gentle men wero all strangers in Fayetteville, if my memory does not fail me, except two, and they were among the six months' men, I think, who had contracted ill health in tho Yorktown Peninsula. Dut these strangers acquitted themselves handsomely of tho onerous duties re quired nf thens as gallants to a whole town full ol bereaved girls. They were very kind au', obliging, ever ready to give us the tue of their spare time and their talents in all our undertakings, to serve as best Dieu at the rather mournful weddings, to bear our doad to tho graves. Wo would have been badly off without them perhaps, and wo wish to give them duo thanks. A LA?T GLIMPSE OK TUE OLD TOWN. In tbeso lines I have tried to give some account of what tho war was to a somewhat isolated but not inactivo com munity, and ono which I feared would otherwiso bo neglected in this serios, What I havo said of her women should not bo called egotistical as I was too youug to tal;o a woman's part in that troublous time. I only write what I remember of my sister townswomen ns I saw them. It has been sixteen years nineo I saw Fayetteville. The Inst glimpse I caught of it was from tho deck of a little river steamer bound for Wil mington. Thero wa;, the New Bridge and the unattractive river hill, nud a parly of my young friends who hud come lo bid me good bye. As I waved my handkerchief to thom there stood by my side one of tho boys in grey who had followed Col. Kobert Anderson from a vestorn country to tho war. He, too, had been a faithful soldier, though he had never boen wouuded by a bullet. But the more insidious but otten not less deadly enemies, in the connie and often scanty fare, tho cold windB and deep snows of tho Virginia mountains, the driving rains, the barefoot march over the rough and rocky mountain paths, all these left their marks upon him, aud he struggles lo day with a constitution en feebled bv ibu hardships of his soldier's life. 1 realize that not yet havo tho anxie ties and cares occasioned by the war ceased to sadden the hoarta aud vex the lives of Southorn women. And not till the last of us who remember vividly that mighty struggle is laid to rest will the war bo thought of ?imply as a matter of history, aud the bitterness bo past. Not till ali our disappointed hopes and al tered lives, our constitutions battered by the effort to adapt ourselves to estate of society which our education and early training had not fitted UB to encounter, not till nil are laid under the sod will the bloody shirt be folded away forever and real peace be giveu to the land. But, though our generation may not realize it, I believe we can see the dawning of a now day, and our children will bo better and nobler men and women for all we have gone through, and will bo ablo to understand that the war was not in vain. The Bent Beaten. "You've got some nice wood over there in your yara," said a seedy-looking tramp to an Austin avenue lady. ..Yea,*' said thc- leay of rho house. "I would like to carry it in for you,'' said he, "My husband intends to carry it in," she replied. "Well," said the tramp, "I will carry it in and put it up nice, if you will give me my breakfast," At this offer the lady consented, and the tramp went to work. After ne bad carried in 5 conp'.o of armfuls the lady stepped to the door and fmwid him bitting on the pile with his clawB on hi? knees and his face buried in his bands. . "What is the mat'er ?" said she. "Oh I lady," aaid he, looking op, "I em so weak, for I have hud nothing to eat since day before yesterday," and he again covered his face -. iib his hands. This seemed to rouse the lady's ay mnathv and she went in and soon returned* with an excellent breakfast After he had swept everything from tho board be arose and said : "Thanks, my good lady, for this sumptuous repast. Now let me give you this ad vico : Never again let your sympathy get away with your discretion. I'm off. Ta, ta I" and he walked majes tically out tho front gate. The tramp had gone but a short distance when he became, deadly sick. He seated hlroae.ll on a curbstone, and a few moments later, having two or three violent spasmodic contractions of tho stomach, he lost h? ill-gotten breakfast. Indeed his stomach would have followed suit bad it not been thoroughly dove-tailed to bis diaphragm, He belived that he was poisoned, and he became very much alarmed. AB soon as he regained strength enough to get to hil feet he slowly retraced his steps and found the lady standing in tha fronl door. "Madam," he said in piteous tones, "roy breakfast did not stay on my stom ach. I believe I'm poisoned." "That ?B not to be wondered at," said she. "I suspected your littlogamo, hav ing been caught once before in the same way, so I prepared myself for it by dos ing your coffee with tartar emetic. Non lot me give you a little advice : Novei again let your rascality get away with ?our breakfast. To beat a dead-heat eats everything. Ta, ta 1" ?nd she shut the door in his face. The tromp started sorrowfully down the street, .wondering no doubt, where and how he could ?get a breakfast that Would stay with him. Ttxa? Sffling?. , 7.-!-:-. -' j -- tn Basset County, Tennessee, Issi week,, four men got drunk and three o them killed the fourth and burnt bil body to a crisp. They haye been arrest ed. - Mrs. Mary L. Booth, editor oi Harpen? Batar, deplores tho deficiency woman suffer in being deprived of pock eta. She does not consider that the] have the plethoric pockets of thoii fathers, husbands, brothers and consta to draw from. Tho Labor Question. The ond of our (.roubles will not be reached until the white men, aa a rule, coa?OB to depend upon thc black men for their lubor, and learn to UBC their heads and hands nt the same time, ns white farm ers do in all other sections of the country, except that formerly covered by tho institution of slavery. Under that insti tution the white man did all the brain work, the black man all the mamu. I mhor. One madn no use of bis bono and myoe'e, tho other no uso of his mind, in the con duct of tho plantation. Kach class, there fore, acquired a onesided education, as farmers. Thin institution lasted for generations, and thereby this education becamo deeply fixed and strongly forti fied. AU of our people, white andi black, uow over 30 years oi age were born and reared under its influences. When the revolution came in this system, how did it come? As changes of this kind generally come? Not a bit of it ! It did not work itself out among us-did not g'ow up. sn to speak, from csuot-o within, na?'jro.'ly aud gradually, but it was forced from without violently and sud denly. Tho consequences followed, "as uight tho day." Neither blacks nor whites could adapt themselves to the changed relations between thom, at once, lu fact, they could neither ::idorstnnd fully the exact nature and c.* "nt of an order of things with wh'ru they were totally unacquainted, KUI r> less judicious ly and promptly yield tb .'ts requirements. Naturally enough, they bot?! p,.tempted lomelblug like tho old system under which they had so long lived and worked, whenever they attempted to work ot all. But ono disaster bas followed another, thick and fast, whonovcr that system, or anything distantly akin to it, has been adopted. Wo have found, as in tho days of old, that we cannot safely put new rvlne into old bottles. "Tho genorous now wino" of freedom can not be hold in tho old bottles of ??hivery. And the more quickly wo discover this fact and act upon it the better for us. That tho lesson null finally be thoroughly learned in the bard school of experience there can bo DO doubt. This system wo cannot niter, but wc cnn greatly botter our condition under it by looking for its truo import. Tho black man, I fear, will never, ns a general rule,acquirebabitsof forethought, 'caro for the morrow," and intelligent und economical methods of carrying on his farming operations, and for theso he must now look wholly to himself. His failure or inability to do theso basso far, made him a drag upon the Stale, and ol little service to himself. Not having the mind of the whit o man to direct und control his labors, they have boen in a jrent measure wasted. Tho white man, in tho other hand, in many, many iuatan ics, has stubbornly resisted the force and iufiuenco of the freo system, and just so far as he has resisted, he has RU ile red. ile has been wasting his mental and moral energies in the vain attempt to control and direct tho negro labor. Tho paius aud penalties of his noncompliance with Ibo inexorable requirements of our pi cse nt industrial arrangements fall not upon him alone, but upon his Stuto. Iiis brain and moral forces have been of nu moro service to him or to his country dnce tho war. Tho negro's muscio and bono hnve been equally os unserviceable. Is it surprising, then, that we hear the cry of "Poverty," "Destruction," "Want," on every hand? It takes heads as well aa hands to make prosperity on farms. And they muBt work together, to the same enc, or they had as tveli soi work at ali. Now, the white man's head and the black men's handB were permanently divorced by Mr. Lincoln's proclamation of freedom some years ago ; and no pow er can ever unite them again, They move wider and wider apart every day. Rare instances of their union prove noth ing; and our poverty will grow greater and greater every day, until we recog nize tho potency of the new order of things. Soon tho negro will be driven by want, to seek employment anywhere he can find it, and thereby bo scattered to tho four eml? of the earth. White men will then have to come down, with out preparation, to what they might now be fitting themselves for. The departure of the negro will be no evil, but the greatest blessing of nil blessings to our country, because it will terminate finally the unhappy effort to carry on the slave system of labor under free institutions. W airs man CEO do hore ?s v. hito meo have done In other aeeiloae of the globe too numerous to mention. They eau work with their bodies and bra'.ns at the same time, and have trained b?dica and trained brains belonging to one and the same person. Southern rnindr. are no whit superior to Northern and Western minds, where this system of every farmer working with his own banda as he directs, and thereby much better directs others bow to work nod what to do. .Our young men must be educated to work on their fa rm a with their own hands, or they will assuredly have, in a few years, to surren*, ocr those farms to those who have learned to do just such work in otber States and otber countries. They had botter address themselves at once to the question of how to reduce human labor (their own personal labor) to a minimum, and raise machine work to a maximum. These "labor-doinx machine*" fas Oauiel Webster OD JO termed them, with striking felocity) will "do" moro for our prosperity than alt the negrc or immi grant labor that ve can rake together. Wo are in a positio'i (those of us who now occupy ?nd eva the splendid Linds of this otate) to acquire unexampi.d riches, if we will ont? go to work ourselves and make them. If we don't others' aro coming who will. Onr women should Heck and have every convenient and labor-saving household arrangement, and do their own household work, hiring only "a little help" on wash days, &c. Our men should have both eyes wide open to find "labor -doing"; much i nea to perform their field work, luring only "a little help" during harvest season ; or by combination, one farmer with another, this' pressure can be relieved, manuring', without stint every aero planted, v/ith a manure'spreader, of course, p'anting grains and gras*?* that need onr/ to be planted, manured and harvested, raising stock, that with a little judicio'.s fencing and guarding can be made to gather their, own feed in a great part, fix., Ac-, Ac. Col. John J. Dargan, in Chiton Plant. ' -,f ; ? - . Plantation Philosophy. I ' De wiso man an* de fool doan quarrel', bot two fools or two wise men hain't get along so wei)..., ; 'De man what marries a 'oman 'case she's got more eense den he has Is neber allowed ter lose sight o' dat facie. Do child dat too soon, shows signs o' smartness doan turo out ter be.de smart est man. Do fust cotton dat opens ia never de bes'. . Do gigglio' glrl ginerally turns out to be de woman what doan laugh much, an' lemme tell yer, marriage un* n lot o' chillon will take de ohuokle ou ten 'lo mosto' 'cm.-Arkansan Traveller. - A man In Beaver, Pa., dug his own grave in 1876, and la alive yet Some men seem never to have any look, An Atlanta Sensation. ATLANTA, May 5.-Some time ago the Constitution contained the full account of tho Uifllctiltiea growing out of the marriage of Thomas S. Kiug, who is a mail agent of tho Government upon one of the rail routes from this city. It was related how Mr. King had married alady whom he supposed and who believed herself to be a widow. 8ho had been married prior to tho war, in 1860, at Montgomery, Ala., and her husband WM a soldier who was reported to have fallen in battle. It waa generally understood that ho waa dead and the lady mourned him an one of tho fallen heroes of tho "lost cause." After some years, when pence bad again smiled upon the coun tty, she re-entered.social circles, and was wooed and won by Mr. King. They have lived happily and lovingly together for eighteen years and together rnised three bright and promising children, now p.gcd aevontecn, fifteen and thirtceu years respectively. Mr. King, in bis capa city as route agout, is well known as n faithful sud deserving otlicer, while Mrs. King is esteemed and honored by all who kuow her aa a noble and amiable lady. During all the years of their wedded lifo they have thought only of the former husband as ono long ?mico returned to mother earth by the untime ly misfortunesof war. One may imagine their astonishment and horror, therefore, wheu ubuut a year ago, thoy wero put in possession of tho fact that the brat husband was alive p.nd even then rcsMing ic a city in thc State o: Connecticut. It appeared that he had not boen killed as reported., but by capture or dej?eriion had escaped death ano was, aa ho is to day, well and active. Tho facts were in dustriously unearthed, and it became painfully true that Mr. and Mrs. King were not lawfully man and wife and that their children wera thus involved by the peculiar circumstances of tho case. Mr. King v/ but one honorable and legiti mate ct.uni? onon to him. Ho promptly pursued it ana separated from Mrs. King, pending tbe necessary proceeding under tho law to r.irrect the mistake of the niarringe p.nd to establish tho lawful status nf bis children. Through Colonel Marshall J. Clarke he filed a blil upon the equity sido of tho Superior Court of this County, asking that the marriago bo set asido timi at nulled. The case was heard yesterday bj foro Judge Hammond. Mrs. King appeared by her answer to the bill admitting the facts set out in the bill. No further evidence was taken in tho case and Judge Hammond granted tho decree d< clading the marriage an? nulled. In the meantimo Colonel Clarke has filed a bill.on behalf of Mrs. King, under bor for icr name, against the first husband, praying that a total divorce may be grant? d to ber upon the ground of willful and continued desertion. It is not expected that any defense will be mado aud that the divorce will be com plete at the fall term of the court, when obtained it ia understood the cere mony will ho repetformed between Mr. King and the lady, nnd *hs status of tho children bo fully and legally porfecled as though tho first mnrriago had beeu legal and ol' full force. Between Mr. Kiug aud the lady exists tho deepest sentiment of love nnd appreciation, nnd they aro wished by all wno know thom tho happy renewal and long continunnco of their sudden and sadly interrupted felicity. Tab'ig A into of Whiskey. PITTSBURG, PBKH., May 4.-M. Q, Peterman is a German far&or, of Pitta burg suberbs, who has made a wonderful invention-a new method that will revo lutionize modem whisky distilling. He has discovered a way of making solified whisky, making it into pocket plugs, just like tobacco. Besides that he says he can also distill it in liquid form so that it will be tbe exact equivalent of two and tbreo year old whisky when it comes out of the still. Last month per* sons from New York offered him $100, 000 for his invention and ho came within an ace of selling it to them, nuder the impression that they were to make and sell only in that State, but discovering that they were trying to secure it from him for all tho Stales he dismissed tho ' offer. A man can cany a plug of this whisky in his pocket, and when thirsty can pall it out, dissolve a chip of it in a tumbler of water, or clue i*ke a "chaw," ss hs would of tobacco, It would bo especially valuable over the present liquid, as it would save leakage. D?ring battles the whisky carried by armies for medicine or stimulants, bas been lost at tho timo when needed most hy the barrels or vessels being riddled by ballets. Th* boxes containing solid whisky might be shattered, bat during crafter the battle}; the cakes could easily bo gathered tip, uninjured. Ev?u if the article ?ere never manufactured at hil, Mr. Peter man's invention is valuable in tho won derful improvement it makes in the dis tilling of liquid whiskey. In a very short time ne expects to bo ready to show the world the value of all his inventions. Nearly all his machinery ir, patented, but the article itself is not now, but soon will be, patented. Mr. Peterman bas made models entire ly with a pen - UDIfo, rounded tho boilers and stills, curved the pipe?-and ii ol lo wed them out !:.<tlue. He has a compl?ta working distillery in a minature embody ing bis inventions, and all of it made, iittlo by little, with a pen-knife in the midnight hours after dsys of hard farm labor. So original are bis ideas on the subject, and so complicated the devices, that no tinner or machinist in Pittsburg would undertake to make Mm a model: bene? he had to do it himself. It required months of patient toil. j Lice on Poultry. Every poultry raiser knows bow offen sive to him and dangerous to the fowls are the small white lice thst are gene rated in warm weather. Usually early in April the hen's nests become in teated with them ; and the . young chickens come out so full of them, that they aro much weakened .by their a tine kr. So very serious is the matter in. our climate, that it is generally impracticable to set hens after the middle of May or first bf June. After much annoyance and tho fruitless trials of several suggested reme dies, we have found the Only preventative to be the use of kerosine oil. We made it a practico to feed all the poultry, once every five or six days, with meal moist-. enea.with water and kerosine, bil ; io the proper proportions of a dessert spoonful of oil to a pint of meal If moro oil ia put. the fowls will not readily cat ?ho food. With this treatment, the lice have been entirely eradicated ; and., wo havo, been'enabled to ut hens throughout the entire sommer. Last summer, in order to make a sure t??t of the preventative, we : used some permanent n ca ts, and' in two cases, ?at in each, three bens in suc cession, without making any change, or even giving fresh straw; the two neats being occupied without ? day's intermis sion throughout tho wholo of April and May ; and in no instance waa a single insect to bo scan. The great advantage of freedom fronitheeo pests will be appre ciated by all who have any dealings with poultry.