University of South Carolina Libraries
E. B. MURRAY, Editor. THURSDAY, JANUARY 17, 1884. TERMS: OKB TEAR._81.80. SIX MONTHS._ 75o. Two Dollars If not paid in advance. Col. Aiken has reproduced his:bill to make the Department of Agriculture a Cabir it Department of the govern? ment, presided over by a Secretary with a salary of eight thousand dollars, and merging the present Department into the new one. If he can by the change eradicate some of the humbugs from the present institution, he will accomplish a great end for the Agriculture of the country. If more money were spent in useful experiment and the dissemination of the results in an accurate manner, and less money wasted in purchasing ordina? ry, and in some instances worthless seed, and distributing them as something ex? traordinary, the interest and faith of the intelligent farmer would be greatly pro? moted. The results of skillful experi? mental farming, and the introduction of genuinely excellent seed, with improved modes of culture that have been practi? cally and thoroughly tested, are the needs of the progressive agriculturist to? day. Experiments are expensive, and individuals generally cannot go to the expense of making them on the uncer? tainties of the result. The National Department of Agriculture should give special prominence to the making of Agricultural experiments and formulat? ing the results fully and accurately to the people; When the new department is created, we trust some such feature as we. have referred: to wi 11 be made a prom? inent part of Its work.' General: Dibble, the Representative from the first District in this State,:has introduced several bills looking to the financial interests of his constituents. One, to pay the State two hundred and fifty thousand dollars for damages and rent of tiae Citadel buildings, and another to appropriate seventy-five thousand dollars to rebuild the Custom House wharves in Charleston. Also, a petition from the. Charleston Chamber of Com? merce asking an immediate appropriation of 1755,000 to continue the work upon the Jetties in Charleston harbor. It was shown that this work ceased November 28, 1883, for want of funds, and the amount asked forbad been recommended j by the chief of engineers. At present there is seventeen and a half feet of water on the bar at mean high tide, and the completion of the Jetties will increase this to twenty-five feet. General Dibble evidently believes that "the old flag and an appropriation" are the best salve for disagreements between a representative and his constituents. The measures he proposes are, however, meritorious, and should he secure their passage he will be entitled to the gratitude of his people and of the entire State. He will have the assistance of our entire delegation, we presume, and we trust that the Citadel claim wiil succeed, in any event It is a debt which the General Government has owed this State, in part, ever since the war, and tbe whole of it since 1876. The jetties for Charleston are also a work of j the highest importance, and ought to be rapidly completed. The Custom House wharves likewise would be very desirable. The greatest difficulty which General Dibble will encounter is, not that hi<i measures are unreasonable, but that there are too many other Congressmen who i wish to please their constituents in the aime manner. The Greenville News, in response to a question from a Greenville merchant, I Sitys that Dr. Mauldin is the member from Greenville who voted as Mr. Murray did on the Railroad Law. It admits that it; will have to explain why it has attack- j ei Mr. Murray but has not attacked Dr. Mauldin for doing the same thing. The ITcvot says: I "As far as Dr. Mauldin is concerned, we do not doubt that at the proper time he will. ..vindicate himself; it is probable that events will vindicate him without j any trouble on his part. For the News, we think it well to say that Representa-1 ilve Mauldin occupies a very different position from Representative Murray's and a much better one. He did not receive any office at the hands of the most powerful railroad combination in tiio State in the interval between the Missions of '82 and '88, as Director Mur? ray did; circumstances involving the interests of this section of the State had arisen in the interval which did appeal to Representative Mauldin, but did not appeal to Representative Murray or involve his constituency." The facts are that Dr. Mauldin did accept the presidency of the Greenville & Laurens Railroad after the passage of the. Act of 1882, for which he voted. Mr. Murray accepted the directorship of another road after voting for the Act of 1882. Dr. Mauldin's constituents ap? proved of his acceptance of the presiden? cy of this road, and Mr. Murray's con? stituents approved of his acceptance of his directorship. Tbe News does not think tbat the interests of Mr. Murray's constituents were involved in the direc? torship, bnt several of the leading busi? ness men among those constituents were consulted, and they advised the accep? tance, which the News condemns. It was, and is, none of the News' business. Now, the News knows that Dr. Mauldin is stronger in Greenville than it is, and hence has maintained a judicious silence as to him, while it has been attacking Mr. Murray so violently. The facts are, that events are vindicating Dr. Mauldin. He wanted to build his new road for Greenville, and knew that it was impos? sible to get the money to build it under the old law. He voted for the change, and so said in his speech, because he wanted new roads built in South Caroli? na. Since the passage of tbe new Act he has made a contract for the building of his road, and it is to-day an assured fact. Of course events are vindicating him. Events generally vindicate men who act according to their best judgment. The same events will also vindicate the other members who voted for the change. Under it we expect to see the Savannah Valley Road built soon, and have no doubt that in five years there will not be half a dozen thinking men in the State who will regret the change. The events which vindicate these men will prove that the Greenville News ia a meddling protestor against progress and the real interests of the people. -. PENDIETON BEATEN. The Democratic caucus of the Ohio Legislature nominated Hon.- Henry B. Payne for the Senate to succeed Mr. Pendle ton, upon the first ballot. The defeat of Mr. Pendleton, who was a high toned and honorable statesman, is very generally regretted all over the country, for he was the champion of civil service reform, and represented the best elements in American politics. His successful ri? val is a man of prominence and ability. The following: is a brief sketch of his life: Henry B. Payne, of Cleveland, Ohio, was born in Hamilton county, New York, November 80,1810; was educated tit Hamilton College, New York, studied law nnder John C. Spencer, of Canan daigua, New York; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice at Cleveland, Ohio,, in 1834, has been for the last twenty-eight years largely interested in railroad and manufacturing enterprises ; was a member of the Ohio Senate in 1849-50; was chosen a Democratic Pres? idential Elector in 1848; was the Demo? cratic candidate for Governor against Salmon P. Chase in 1867; was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention st Cincinnati in 1856, to the convention at Charleston in 1860 and to the Conven? tion at Baltimore in 1871; was elected as a Democrat to represent the Twentieth Ohio Congressional District in the Forty fourth Congress, 1876-77, recoiving 13, 849 votes against 11,330 for Richard C. Parsons, Republican, and 864 for Good? man, Prohibitionist. Mr. Payne took a leading part in the proceedings of the Forty-fourth Congress, being Chairman of the Committee of the House to meet with the Senate Com? mittee as to the counting of the electoral votes for President and Vice-President; Chairman of a Select Committee on Investigation; Chairman of the Commit? tee on Conference of the House on the Silver bill (Messrs. Randall and Landers being the other members of this commit? tee) and a member of the Committee on Banking and Currency, and also of the Committee on Reform in the Civil Ser? vice. Mr. Payne was elected as one of the "five members of the famous electoral Commission by the House of Represen? tatives:.receiving twenty-three vote* more than the late Piesident Garfield, who was elected to the same commission. Mr. Payne was the author of and in? troduced in the House of Representa I tives the bill to provide for and regulate the counting of votes for President and Vice-President, and the decisions of questions arising thereon for the term ?commencing March 4,1878, and a bill to provide for the gradual resumption of specie payments. Savannah Talley Railroad. _: ;? To the Taxpayers of JBroadaway, Centre ville, Corner,.HopewcU, Hall, Savannah 1 and Varennes Townships: The Legislature, at its recent session, passed an Act authorizing the qualified voters or the above named Townships to vote an additional subscription to the capital stock of the Savannah Valley Railroad Company, that is additional as to all except Broadaway and Hope well, which did not join in the original sub? scription. Your interests in this matter are so carefully guarded by the Act that before the question of a subscription can even be submitted to a vote, it will be necessa? ry that a majority in number of those owning real estate in the several Town? ships, whether male or female, residents or non-resident'i, should first apply by petition to the County Commissioners to submit the question to a vote, naming in the petition the sum to be subscribed, if voted. It is desirable that the vote shall be taken as soon as practicable, and that you may be fully informed, we desire to lay before you such facts, figures and statements, as will put you in possession of the merits of the question. And first, you are "a ware that twenty-eight mile9 of the road has been graded, and twenty nine miles remain to be graded, of which about four miles is partially graded. To complete the grading it is estimated that about $50,000 more is required. Of this sum $25,000 has been subscribed by the City of Anderson, and the same amount will have to be raised from some other source. After making an effort to raise it by private subscription and canvassing the whole field, the friends of the road concluded the most practicabe, feasible and equitable mode of raising it is by an additioual tax. This mode nearly meets the views of all interested, and is, after all, perhaps the surest method. Hence the recent Act authorizing Town? ship subscriptions, which embraces as well the four Townships interested in Abbeville County as those named in An? derson. It is contemplated to raise in the Anderson Townships $15,000; to do so will require a tax of ? mills, or a lit? tle greater rate per centum than that assessed to pay one instalment of the former tax. The tax, if voted, will be collected this year. In laying this matter before you, we have one or two thoughts to present. The tax proposed will save what has already been invested in this enterprise, as we have offers that guarantee the completion of the road when graded. The absorp? tion of the Augusta & Knoxville Rail? road with the Georgia Central system greatly increases the advantages of the S. V. R. R. to the City and County of Anderson, and makes it of paramount val? ue to the community. With this connec? tion we shall have two great rival systems, each too large to absorb the other, com? peting for our traffic East and West. This means cheaper freights, worked out and secured by an influence more sure and permanent than that of the Railroad Commission. And if there is any class of our people more than any other in? terested in cheap freights it is our farm? ers, who make up the great body of con? sumers iL the country, especially those now trading at Anderson. Enough will be saved in this way in one year to more than pay back this tax. Taking into consideration the other benefits that will follow from the completion of this road, no other outlay of the same amount could in our judgment, yield so large a return. The restriction upon the Anderson City subscription has been removed, and if the Township subscriptions are promptly voted, the Company can make arrangements to resume the work of grad? ing at once, and before the tax is paid in, and hurry the road to completion this year. Petitions in proper form are now be? ing circulated in the several Townships, and we hope to have the question of sub? scription by taxation submitted to a vote at an early day. W. W. Humphreys, President S. V. R. R. Letter From Florida. Me. Editor: As you thought my de? parture from my old, native home was of eufficent importance as to make mention of it in the columns of the Intelligen? cer, I will be glad if you will publish in the same columns my impressions of the "land of aligators, snakes," &c, as you are pleased to call this State. And I will say at the outset that I will not in? dulge in fancies, but state facts just as I find them, as they are stated to me by persons whose veracity can not be ques? tioned. I have so many friends in Anderson who are anxious to learn something of this country, and who wish me to give them my impressions of it, that it will be impossible for me to write to each and every one of them, and if you will pub? lish this, and a few others I may send you, you will assist me in complying with my promises. I shall haTc nothing to say of Florida in general, but of Columbia County in particular; for I have seen none of tbe State, except this County, save that I passed through in coming here. So what may be said of this County cannot be truly said of other portions of the State, and I wish my friends to remember that I speak of Columbia County alone. I came here with some fear and trem? bling. I came fearing that I might not find it the country it was represented to be. I am glad to report that it far ex? ceeds in beauty, in fertility, in the mor? ality of the people and general intelli? gence, my most confident expectations. Here every thing seems to be abundant. Corn is plentiful, selling at 60 cents per bushel. I see as fine pork hogs here as I am accustomed to see in Anderson ; meat is worth six cents gross. Cotton is selling at 40 cents per pound. Don't this appear to your readers an extrava? gant assertion ? Tbe best of your cotton in Anderson has not been sold this Fall for more than ten cents .''perhaps; and yet here it is selling for four times that amount. But it is Sea Island cotton, and the crop was short this year. I am told by reliable men that it always sells for two and a half and three times as much as the short staple. So while the people here cannot raise as much cotton to the acre as we can in Anderson, yet they get three times, and sometimes four times as much for it. The average yield of cotton is a bale ' to five acres, and a hand ordinarily makes three bales, and let it be remembered no fertilizers are used. The average yield of corn is ten bush? els to the acre. An acre well fertilized and worked sometimes yields 40 bushels, but tbe average yield is only ten. This, I think, is a good comparison. The prices of land here in Columbia County range from $5.00 to $10.00, according to improvements. A Northern man said to me yesterday, and he has been living here for 14 years, "If the people here worked like the people in Illinois, it would be the best country in the world. See here, all you have to do is to deaden those pine trees, enclose it under fence and put your plow in it." This is true. You see no undergrowth; no grubbing is to be done; deaden the trees, and it is ready for the plow. When I look at these tall gigantic trees, clear of limb or knots for perhaps 70 feet, if of no use here to the planter, I often think what a fortune it would be to the people, and especially to the saw mill men of Anderson. I see here large bodies of the best red pine timber in tbe world deadened, rot? ting and of no value here, but would be of great value to other portions of the country. What a pity it should thus be destroyed when it is so much needed and of so much value elsewhere. This part of tbe country is not low and flat as a great part of Florida is. The country is gently rolling, sufficiently so for the water to run off. The plows can move an hour or two after the hardest rain falls, and that, too, with no injury to the land. The country is not one perpetual sand-bed, as many people imagine. It is true in some places the sand is deep and heavy, but generally tbe ground is hard and the roads, except here and there, are simply splendid, almost as firm as the clay roads in Anderson. In my next letter I will tell your readers something about the fruits in Florida. W. D. Hatton, Mt. Tabor, Florida. The American Hog. Chicago, January 12.?A large num? ber of interviews are published this morning upon the action of the Govern? ments of Germany and France in prohi? biting tbe importation of American pork, and the probable effect of retalia? tory measures on the part of Congress. The importers of French and German wines generally join in tbe view that an import tax, such as would prove equiva? lent to a stoppage of their importation, would result in a much stronger protest on the part of the people of those na? tions than the generality of American people have taken in the exclusion of American porfc, as it would vitally elect a more numerous class. Anything short of a prohibitory tariff would simply re? sult in the procuring of wines through English agents at a small percentage of increase of price. One large dealer said: "A slight in? crease of tax on cheap Rhine wines would avail nothing, but if $2 per gallon shouid be added tbe result would be to drive such wines out of the market, and cause both France and Germany to recon? sider their act on the pork question, and not seek to keep out all shipments, with? out any discrimination as to quality. Interviews with wholesale dry goods men were generally to the effect' that an increase in duty on dry goods would not have any effect in inducing tbe two na? tions to modify their orders of restric? tions against American pork. Paris, January 12.?M. Leon Chal leau will sail for America, via England, Tuesday next. His mission is to prevent, if possible, tbe United States Govern? ment from adopting retaliatory measures on account of the refusal of France to permit the importation of American salted meats. The Western farmers are in a high state of indignation about the exclusion of the American hog from Germany and France. This very greatly reduces the market for American meat. Hence, the supply being tbe same and the demand leas, the price has gone down. The hog raisers propose to retaliate by excluding German and French wines, which would very soon secure recognition for the American hog. The establishment of the doctrine "ho hog, no wine," would soon secure the interest of our pork raisers. THE JURY-ROOM CONSPIRACY. J. Gideon Long, One of the Jurors in tbe Marion Cases, Relates what Happened in the Jury-Room. C. C. Turner, of Spartanburg, one of the perjured United States jurors who ?greed with others to convict the defend? ants in the election trials at Columbia last month before hearing the evidence, and, after being sworn as a juror to find a verdict upon tbe evidence alone, has published a statement in the Carolina Spartan which is as villanous in language as it is absolutely false in fact. The statements made by the News and Courier, alleging that caucuses had been held by the Greenback and Radical jurors and an agreement entered into by them to con? vict the defendants, with or without evi? dence, for political purposes, were baaed upon affidavits made by certain jurors wbo were present at the caucuses, but who could not consent to enter into the damnable conspiracy. These affidavits were held by tbe counsel for the defence, and would have been submitted to the Court if Judge Bond bad not wisely de? termined to put an end to the shameful prosecutions. If the statements made by the corres? pondent of the News and Courier needed any corroboration Mr. Long very em? phatically and satisfactorily nails Tur? ner's lies, and shows furthermore that the Government prosecuting officers were in league with Turner and his miserable allies to secure convictions at any cost. Mr. Long's statement is as follows: To the Editor of the Carolina Spartan : Sir?The letter which you published from Claude C. Turner, of the 31st of Decem? ber, 18S3, in which be uses my name, and denies certain charges against him and others, published in the News and Courier of the 14th of December last, calls for a short notice from me. I will try and give you some plain, simple fticts in reference to the matter. Mr. Turner, on Saturday evening, after the jurors had been empanelled to try the Marion cases, and were locked up in the Court House, proposed that we should organize a debating club^which we did, and elected juryman Julius Littlejoian, (colored,) as chairman. Turner also re? duced the subject to writing, which was as follows: "Whether or not there was a juror on the panel with tbe intention of defeating the Government in convicting the defendants? And if bo, what would be the result, as there were the eyes of fifty millions of people watching ?.nd waiting the verdict of this jury?" Turner led of in the debate, and made a long speech, in which he stated that in order to establish a precedent we must neces? sarily find a verdict of guilty. It was the intention of the Govern? ment officials to secure such a verdict as we all know. The other eight, whose names I will give you, all expressed the same opinion. They are as follows: Middleton Ray, of Spartanburg; Fuller Pricket, of Orangeburg ; J. H. Johnson, of Clarendon ; D. C. Wolf, of Lancas ter; E. L. Arthur, of Orangeburg; Julius Littlejohn,colored,of Greenville; Joseph Bush, colored, of Georgetown; ? Childs, colored, of Edgefield. I stated, as juryman, that I intended to give the defendants a fair and impartial trial, and that if it was the intention of the Govern? ment to pack the jury and convict inno? cent men I wa3 the wrong man; so also did Mr. Grant of Chesterfield, and Jtdy Emley, colored, of Orangeburg. So the case went on until Wednesday evening when it was handed to the jury. Turner, the spokesman for his friend, Ray, (foreman,) began to get shy of the three, and proposed to the jurors, before any one expressed au opinion as to tbe de? fendants' guilt or innocence, that we would take a two-thirds vote, and let the verdict be whatever they said, and eleveu voted in favor of Turner's motion. To this, of course, I objected, which re? sulted in a mistrial. Turner stated to me in the jury-room that they would re? lease nine of the defendants if I would find a verdict of guilty against Bethea and Moody, as they seemed to be leading Democrats of Marion County, and he wanted to punish them whether they were guilty or not, to establish a prece? dent in the Eastern portion of the State, as it would help them during the cam? paign of 1884. Now in reference to the Horsey cn.se that Turner was on. About two minutes before the district attorney requested the jury to find a verdict of "not guilty," he, Turner, whispered back to Ellis and my? self that we would be obliged to find a verdict of guilty. Write to Hezekiah Ellis, of Kershaw, and he will recollect it. Now, Mr. Editor, a few words in refer? ence to Turner's comment as to the Marion defendants' guilt, in which he says the evidence was as clear as the noonday sun. He reminds me of the cowardly dog who has sneaked in by night and stolen the carcass and swal? lowed it whole?crept out in U.e sunshine and puked it up for the whole world to see. I only wish that I was fluent with the pen. I would give you the details of the Court. Respectfully yours, J. Gideon Long. Jonesville, S. C, January 3,1884. It is useless to add one word to what Mr. Long has ' lid. Turner stands con? victed not only of perjury as a juror, but of being the leader, the chosen instru? ment of the Government to drag down with him to his own depth of infamy the more ignorant men who acted with him in his nefarious plot. Speaking of Tur? ner's card the Orangeburg Times and Democrat says: C. C. Turner, of Spartanburg, S. C, one of tbe United States Greenback jurymen wbo voted first, last and all tbe time in the recent trials at Columbia to convict innocent Democrats, is out in a card defending his action. We think the least said by these Greenback tools of Melton and Speer the better. We know they feel like sheep stealers, and the best thing for them to do is to hide their worthless carcasses in some big hole and then pull the bole in after them, so that no trace of them might pollute the vision of honorable men. Hendrix McLnne ns a Tax-Dodger. It will be interesting and amusing to the public generally to learn that would be Governor J. Hendrix McLane, of Greenback-Kuklux notoriety, failed to pay his taxes for last year, and necessita? ted the issuing of an execution against his property. Whether tbe late Hon. J. Hendrix was too impecunious or too unpatriotic so to do is foreign to tbe question, but all the same it stands out a bold fact in the public records of this county that one Greenback-Labor-Reform aspirant for the Gubernatorial honors of South Carolina failed to pay his little pittance or contribution towards sustain? ing the Government of tbe State over which he had sworn "by the eternal God" to preside. The taxes were paid, not willingly, not voluntarily, but by the iron clad processes of the law. Is comment necessary 1?Winnsboro News and Herald. ? The Pearce granite works of Colum? bia are now shipping about ten car-loads of paving blocks and dimension stone every day, and have ordero ahead for the same outturn for five raonth?. If the de? mand continues as it has begun this year the value of the annual outturn at the Columbia and Fairfield quarries will exceed $200,000. The demand for gran? ite has been so heavy recently that the Green quarry, near Columbia, has been reopened by the company, and they have sent to Scotland for twenty more skilled paving block makers. The contracts for the streets of Charleston and Wilming? ton require eight car-loads of blocks daily. By the fir*f of February the com pauy will probably have thirty skillod block cutters and seventy other hands at work. "Consistency, Thon art a Jewel." From the Charleston News and Courier. The conduct of Mr. Murray, of Ander? eon, the editor of the Anderson Intel? ligencer, in advocating the amendment of the Railroad law of 1882, is virulently criticised by the Greenville News. Mr. Murray was one of the foremost suppor? ters of the law of 1882, and his change of position, it is estimated, is due to other reasons than a desire to servo bis con? stituents to the best of his ability. The member from Anderson needs no assis? tance, and is well able to meet his crit? ics ; but it is not out of place to say that Mr. Murray is an indefatigable worker in the Legislature, that he is fearless in expressing his opinions and pertinacious in enforcing them, and that no one who knows anything of him, in private and public life, would dream of suspecting him of a base motive in his conduct as a Representative. We grant that he is, at times, irritating and annoying, but his faul ts of manner grow less as he ages and ripeos. Mr. Murray is as honest as he in earnest, and we consider him one of the rising men in the State?a man too young, also, to have had any connection with the war, and free from the prejudi? ces which, more or less, affect the feelings of those wbo shared the glory and the sorrow of the men who wore the grey. Honesty of purpose and sincerity of speech being conceded, it Is foolish in the extreme to twit men with inconsist? ency because they change their opinions. Both English and American history are full of instances of change of opinion, and consequently of action, on subjects of far-reuching importance. Sir Robert Peel, tbe leader of a Protectionist party, became the advocate of Free trade. Tbe champion for the greater part of his life of the exclusion of Roman Catholics from Parliament, he yielded at last to "a moral necessity," and supported the Re? lief bill. Mr. Gladstone, who was an ardent Tory in his youth, became, in manhood, a Whig, and is now an advan? ced Liberal. Mr. Disraeli, a Red Re? publican in his college days, rose to dis? tinction as the leader of the country squires. In our own country, Calhoun, Webster and Clay changed or modified their opinions as the necessity arose. The Democratic party ihelf can appreci? ate the logic of events. In 1868 the National Democratic Convention declar? ed the Reconstruction Acts "unconstitu? tional, revolutionary and void," and in 1872 tbe Convention pledged itself to "oppose any reopening of the questions settled by the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments to the Constitu? tion," and has acquiesced in the Recon? struction laws ever since. In truth, if there must be no change of opinion, as the result of experience and reflection, every law on the statute-book would be like the laws of the Medes and Persians ; and whosoever had once announced an always, no matter how unjust, or unrea? sonable, or injurious the course of time might prove it to be. Wo have little patience with those who have bo blind a confidence in their own wisdom and foreknowledge that tbey re? fuse to admit even the possibility of any variation in their opinions on any subject. Such a person, as Wbately says, "prides himself on what he calls his consistency ?on his never changing his opinions or plans; which, as long as man is fallible and circumstances change, is tbe wisdom of one either too dull to detect his mis? takes, or too obstinate to own them." The whole truth is put in few words by the same writer: "It is a mere idle dec? lamation about consistency to represent it as a disgrace to a man to confess himself wiser to-day than yesterday." There is true consistency in varying the means to secure tho unity of the end. Come what may, and in scorn of consequence, each should do what seems right and best at the time. The public, if they have any interest in the matter, will have no diffi? culty in distinguishing changes of con? duct which are the result of fickleness and thoughtlessness from changes which are the result of study and inquiry and the comparison of theory with practice. The New Orleans Exposition?The Cot? ton Caterpillar. Columbia, January 12.?The State board of agriculture will soon have a meeting tx which it is expected that plans for the collection and arrangement of exhibits for tbe New Orleans Exposi? tion next Fall will be perfected. The Commissioner of Agriculture desires to effect some sort of organization among the progressive people of each county, as a preliminary step to collecting speci? mens for the exhibit. His idea is to have tbe exhibit from each county dis glaved separately and in tbe name of the t?te collection ; so an to stimulate a generous rivalry among tbe counties for tbe best exhibit. He expects liberal aid from the commercial organizations and public-spirited citizens of Charleston, Columbia, Greenville, Spartanburg and other cities and towns. Charleston and Columbia are already moving in tbe mat? ter. If the support given the depart? ment in the collection of exhibits be general, the Commissiocer thinks that the appropriation of $10,000 made by the Legislature will suffice to furnish a fine ana creditable State exhibit. It has long been an open question how cotton caterpillars could be so quickly scattered over a great area. Prof. Riley, the entomologist of the National depart? ment of agriculture, has inclined to tbe belief that favorable winds blow the moths over the country. One female caterpillar can populate a county with the cottou pests. Mr. Thomas E. Rich? ardson, of Wedgefield, Sumter County, had his attention drawn to the subject last Fall by seeing cotton caterpillars coti ;ed along by a train en tbe South Carolina Railway. He has been since investigating the subject, and has come to tbe conclusion that the cotton worms are largely spread by the trips of the railroad trains. He has marked, for an example, on a map of Texas, the coun-j ties in which the caterpillars appeared last Fall. The counties are scattered all about the State, and of the large num? ber visited by caterpillars only two were off the line of the railroads. The im? mense tracts not touched by railways were exempt. Mr. Richardson is going to make a report of hii investigations to Commissioner Butler, who will forward it to tbe national department at Wash? ington.? Correspondence News and Couri? er. The Georgia Commission. Tbe general sentiment of the State since the recent discussion by President Raoul, of tbe Central, and Major Camp? bell Wallace, seems to be favorable to a modification of the law creating tbe Rail? road Commission. It is proposed that the extraordinary powers vested in the Commission be abolished, and that it be constituted a board of arbitration or a court of appeals to which complaints can be carried. It is contended that tbe rail? road interests of the State have been in? jured by the operations of the Commis? sion, and that no permanent prosperity can be looked for until tbe companies are enabled to manage their property as judgment and experience may suggest.? Savannah Times. ? Mr. Blaine was present at the JS'ew Year's reception at the White House, standing just bebind the President, and the Washington correspondent of the Boston Post at once concludes that be "is working just as hard for tbe Republican nomination of this year as he worked lour years ago, aud four years before that. He is pursuing a different method now, uut he has tbe same object iu view. He is new as industriously seeking to produce the impression that he is not a candidate as he was then busy in securing dele? gates." would be constrained to bold it Tlie Railroad Bill. Mr. E. B. Murray, the Editor of the Anderson Intelligencer, is being very severely criticised by the press of the State for advocating at the recent session of the Legislature the amendment to the Railroad law of 1882. Mr. Murray was one of the strongest supporters of the law of 1882, and now his change of posi? tion, in favoring the amendment, which practically amounts to a repeal of the law, it is gravely charged, has been caused by unworthy motives. Now, this is all wrong, and no paper in the State should know it better than the Greenville News, It is a pity that this paper and its followers can not employ their vacant space and idle moments in a more profi? table and decent manner than in imput? ing impure motives to a gentleman sim? ply because he happens to change his opinion on a certain subject and chances not to think as they do. Mr. Murray has always been known, where known at all, ns an able and zealous worker in the Legislature, having always a first consid? eration for the interest of the people, and he had a right to change bis mind if he saw proper, and no doubt he has the best of reasons for acting as he has. We do not imagine for a moment that Mr. Murray is in need of our assistance in this little war of words, and it is not through any such motive that we have written the above. But our object is to enter our protest as a journalist against all such unfair, and we might add, ridiculous criticism. As if a man did'nt have the right to change his mind ! The man who never changes his opinions is indeed to be pitied ; be is not worth the name of a man. It is the fool who clings to his opinions right or wrong; it is the wise man who changes his opinions when he discovers that he is in the wrong and the light of reason points out to him the right course. The day should be passed when a man is to be criticised for holding opinions which be believes to be correct. This is a free country and an enlightened age and men should be al? lowed to have their own views without being criticised, the Greenville News' opinion to the contrary notwithstanding. ?Georgetown Times. ? The warehouse of Captain E. C. Simkins, at Troy, Abbeville County, was burned last week. ? It is thought thai the oat crop in Barnwell County has been seriously in? jured by the recent freeze. ? The town of Aiken is taking meas? ures to vote $30,000 to the Carolina, Cumberland Gap and Chicago Railroad. ? Major Thomas Frost, Jr., has been elected Chief of the Charleston Police force. He is a son of the late Dr. Henry R. Frost. Judge Thurman characterizes the elec? tion of Hon. Henry B. Payne to the Senate from Ohio as monstrous and dis? reputable, whereupon the Augusta Chron? icle and Constitutionalist naively suggests that Mr. Thurman is not a good Payne killer. ? The business men of Atlanta dis? tributed about $4,000 in provisions and fuel among the poor of that city on Monday. Then a flaming account of the transaction was sent off to the Associa? ted Press and a big dead head advertise? ment obtained. ? Near Blackstock, Fairfield, on Fri? day last, Mr. Wm. McDauiel's little son, about six years old, was crushed to death almost instantly by a log. Several chil? dren were playing on a hillside, rolling logs, when one accidentally rolled over the little fellow causing immediate death. ? A Philadelphia court is consider? ing a motion for a new trial in the case of a man convicted of murder because it is alleged that during the first trial the jury was permitted to attend a church where a sermon was preached on the lax? ity of the law which caused a verdict of guilty. ? The greatest quarry in the country is at Pickeusville, one mile below Easley. D. C. Moore is furnishing rock for some one in Greenville. It covers four or five acres, and it is nicely worked without the use of blasting powder. Any size rock can be obtained, the different layers being of various dimensions. ? Sixteen new students have entered the South Carolina College so far this month, making 191 enrolled since Octo? ber. The total number enrolled during the preceding year was 185. The expec? tation that the attendance this session would be larger than the one before has therefore been already realized. ? Mr. John Hewlett, who was so des? perately wounded in the Christmas day affray at Allendale, Barnwell County, is convalescent. He possesses wonderful vitality for a man eighty years old. The bone of his right arm was shattered by a ball and a bullet passed entirely through his body, yet his wounds are healing by the first intention and without supura tion. ? Last Wednesday night Professor Hough ton, of the Cedar Springs institute, while going to his residence, was suddenly knocked down by a severe blow on the back of the head by some one unknown, and robbed of fifty or sixty dollars and a gold watch. The party perpetrating this dastardly deed evidently knew that his victim had received a few hours before quite a sum of money.?Spartanburg Herald. ? Hon. D. W. Aiken, of South Car? olina, has introduced a bill in Congress for the establishment of a Department of Agriculture, with a representative in the cabinet, who shall equal in rank and pay the other members of the cabinet. The bill provides that he shall have an assistant with a salary of $4,000 per an? num to take the place of the present Commissioner of Agriculture, which office will be abolished by this bill. ? The mysterious disappearance of Mr. Charles Delmooico, of the famed New York restaurants, is puzzling the detectives of that city. He left bis home on Saturday last, in an unsound condi? tion of mind, and was last seen that af? ternoon on his way to the Jersey City f*rry. His gloves and some of his pri? vate papers were found the same evening in a desolate spot on the outskirts of Newaik, N. J., but no further clue to his whereabouts or fate has beon obtained. The gravest fears are felt for his safety. ? In Florida the recent cold spell was the severest ever known. The great ma? jority of oranges around Jacksonville were frozen, and bad reports have been received from the southern part of the State. The cop is said to be ruined at Mandarin, and at almost every point be? tween Jacksonville and Palatka. At the latter place the Hart grove was saved, because the proprietor profited by the signal service reports, and built large log fires in various portions of his grove. Great damage is also reported from Indian river. The signal service office at Jack? sonville reports that frost warnings will probably be beneficial a month hence. All along the gulf coast the frost has ruined the garden truck, pine apples and very young orange groves. It will be several days before the extent of the damage can be ascertained. ? As Michael Moore, of Wellford, Spartanburg Couuty, was going into the house from the front last Monday, a bul? let struck him in the back of the neck and lodged somewhere about the jaw bone. Two young men had been out hunting, and they were south of the Doc? tor's house fully a fourth of a mile away. One of them, Sam Hammond, had a Remington rifle and he fired it at a frozen turnip sticking out of the ground. He thinks it probable, from the direction in which he tired, that the ball struck the turnip and glanced upward aud struck Mr. Moore. It is a serious wound, but uot considered dangerous at this time. For the Boys. Tho Wide-Awake gives the following story which is all the better for being true : Two men stood at the same table in a large factory in Philadelphia, worl ing at the same trade. Having an hou: for their nooning every day, each under? took to we it in accompliihing a definite purpose; each persevered for about the same number of mouths, and each won success at last. One of these two me? chanics used his daily leisure hour in working out the invention of a machine for sawing a block of wood into almost any desired shape. When hit invention was complete, be sold the patent for a fortune, changed his workman's apron for a broadcloth suit, and moved out of a tenement-house, into a brown-stone mansion. The oiher man?what did he do ? Wei 1, he spent an hour each day during moat of a year in the very diffi? cult undertaking of teaching a little dog to stand on his hind feet an?1 dance a jig while he played the tu-.e. At last accounts be was working te:. hours a day at the same trade and at his old wages, and finding fault with the fate that made his fellow workman rich while leaving hirn poor. Leisure minutes may bring golden grain to mind as well ai purse, if one harvest wheat instead of chaff. ? Alabama has now 23 cotton mills ; Georgia, 62; North Carolina, &2; South Carolina, 31; Tennessee, 33; Virginia, 14; Maryland, 24; Louisiana, 7; Mis sisiippi, 11; Texas, 6 . Kentucky, 5; Ar? kansas, 4; and Florida, 2. These mills were returned in the census of 1880 as producing $21,000,000 worth of cotton goods, but the product for 1884 is esti? mated at from $35,000,000 to $40,000,000. Since the census of 18S0 was compiled about ?25,000,000 of the earnings of these mills bas beeu sent North for the purchase of new and additional ma? chinery, for though the South itself is rapidly advancing toward such a manu? facture of iron and steel implements as will enable her to supply the machinery for her own cotton mills, at present she has got no further than agricultural im? plements. In these, however, the South in 1880 had 296 manufactories, which turned out a product worth $3,557,604, the growth having more than doubled between 1870 and 1880. ? The Washington correspondent of the Augusta Chronicle and Constitutional? ist, writing under date of January 8, says: "The South appears to have been specially scourged during the past few days. Senator Butler, who arrived here this morning, says he felt the freeze more in South Carolina tbau at Wash? ington, and reports that every goat in Edgefield had its horns frozen off." STOLEN! FROM the residence of the undersigned, 6 miles Southwest of Anderson, on Sunday night, 6th inst., one mouse-colored horse MULE, medium size, with small scar on the right fore leg. The Mule is 14 years old. Any information concerning the animal will be gladly received. J. P. MITCHELL. Jan 17, 1834_27_2*_ STORE ROOM TO RENT. THE Room now occupied by Julius Poppe, in Brick Range, next door to the Anderson National Bank. The best stand in the City for Confectioneries, <tc. Apply to J. D. MAXWELL. Jan 17, 1834_27_ FIRE INSURANCE. J. H. VON HASSELN, ANDERSON, S. C, REPRESENTS First Class Companies, with ample Capital. Call upon him for information as to rates, &c. Insure your property before it is burned up. Jan 17, 1884_27_ly WARNING. ALL persons are hereby notified not to hire or harbor Andrew Cherry, col? ored, as he is under contract to work for mc this lyear. Persons disregarding this notice will be dealt with at law. J. D. HILLHOUSE. Jan 17,1884_27_1?_ Notice to Trespassers. ALL persons are hereby notified not to hunt, fish or otherwise trespass on the lands of the undersigned. Persons dis? regarding this notice will be prosecuted at at law. JOSHUA BURRISS. Jan 17,18S4_17_1 DISSOLUTION. rpHE partnership heretofore existing be X tween J. P. Reed and R. L. Moor head has been this day dissolved by mutual consent. Parties indebted to the late firm will please call at the old stand of Reed & Moorhead and settle the same with either member of the late firm. J. P. REED, R. L. MOORHEAD. Jan. 7,1884. THE undersigned, having bought out the Firm of Reed & Moorhead, will con? tinue business at the old stand. Thanking ray friends for their patronage in the past, I respectfully solicit a continuance ot the same. J. P. REED. Jan 17,1884_27_3__ FIRE! FIRE! -o THE Masons having decided to pull down the Store Room I occupy on March 1st, I am closing out my stock of? Watches, Clocks and Jewelry At greatly Reduced Prices. Solid Gold Stem-winding Watches, im? ported movements, for ?35-warranted. Large striking, weight or -spring Clocks, $3.75, warranted. Good Breast Pins at 73c, warranted. Good Lever Sleeve Buttons, 75c, war? ranted. Gold Wire Ear Rings at 75c Engagement Rings, Necklaces, etc. cheap J. A. DANIELS. Jan 17, 1884 EL? ^3 S 3 ? p W 09 > m IN* ai l ~ O B (/) 8 If I w B |m CO o=2 ?i til = z it? w ?p* Si -m ?w| g D II St! 5 1*1 o n p! * ^2 3 i-T. *a >C H O 2-Ss O ? 0*mmm -P %>% 'S S I 55 n. -rt SfB W mo P SS O < a O X p 5s D3 = NOTICE FINAL SETTLBIENT. The undersigned, Ixccutors of the Estate of West A. Willisns, deceased, hereby give notice that they will apply to the Judge of Probate for Anderson County, on 20th day of February, 1%, for a Final Settlement of said Estate andtlischarge from their ollioe as Executors. A. M. GtYTON. W. 15. MILL WEE, Executors. Jan 17, 1834 27 5 REPORT OP THE CONDITION National Bank of Anderson, AT Anderson, In the State of South Carolina, at tbc closo of business December 31st, 1S83: RESOURCES. Loan* and Discounts.SI54.DI7 173 60,000 :w,G74 21,959 1,854 750 Overdrafts U. S. Bonds to secure Circulation. Other stocks, bonds and mortgages. Due from approved Reserve Agents. Due from oilier National Banks. Ri-al Estate; Furniture and Fixtures. Dills of other Hanks. 16,745 Fractional paper currency, nickels, pcu nies..*.. so Specie. 8,230 Legal Tender Notes. 13,048 Redemption Fund with U. S. Treasurer, (5 per cent, of Circulation,). 2,250 Total.$304,389 72 LIABILITIES. Capital Stock paid in.S 50,000 00 Surplus Fund. 50,000 00 Undivided I'rotits. 26,992 66 National Bank Notes outstanding. 45,000 00 Dividends unpaid. 2,515 00 Individual Deposits subject to check. 105,909 63 Demand Certilicatcs of Deposit. 23,972 43 Total.$304,389 72 STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, I County of Anderson. j I, J. A. Brock, Cashier of the above named Hank, do solemnly swear that tbc above statement is true, to the best of ray knowlcdgo and belief. J. A. BROCK, Cashier. Subscribed and sworn to before me this 10th day of Jaruary. 1884. WM. S. DROWN, Notary Public. Correct?Attest: JosKPit N. Brown, ) O. H. P. Fant, v Directors. B. F. Cbayton. J Jan 17. 1883 27 1 ECONOMIZE labor and save expense by buying tho POWELL COM? BINATION PLOW SULKY; at? tach any plow or plows; turn and subsoil at same* time, and prepare land better than can be done by hand. Draft lighter than hand-plow by dynamometrical test. Call at Watson & Son's Store and examine it. For terms apply to undersigned. R. M. BVRRIS3, J. 15ELTON WATSON. Jan 17, 1SS4_27_ NOTICE PINAL SETTLEMENT. The undersigned, Executors of the Estate cf B. P. Lowe, deceased, hereby give rotice that they will, on the 19th day of February, 1884, apply to the Judge of Probite for Anderson County for a Final Setthment of said Estate, and a discharge from said Executorship. IVY O. LOW, R. B. A. ROBINSON, Executors. Jan 17, 1884_27_5 Homestead Notice. NOTICE is hereby given that Mrs. Aserath M. Walker, widow, has filed her Pettion asking that Homestead be set off to ler out of the Estate of C. M. Walker, decased, her late husband. W. V. HUMPHREYS, Master. Jan 17, 1881_27_4 J. X. DANIELS. Jan 17,184_27 Partnership Notice. WE. thi undersigned, have this day en terd into a partnership under the name of \f. S. LIGON <fe Co., for the pur Eose of conducting a general merchandise usiness althe old stand of W. S. Llgon, on the Smthside of the Public Square. By close atention to the wants of our cus? tomers anl fair dealing, we would solicit the patronage of the trading pnblic. Our stotk of GROCERIES is full up, and we will make it to the interest of all to price oui goods before purchasing their supplies ?>r the year. W. S. LIGON. R. S. LIGON. Jan. 1, 1884 Guano and Acid Phosphate. Wc ?re receiving a large lot of the old reliablt Soluble Pacific Guano and Acid, and the Standard Edisto Acid Phosphate? all of which we are prapatfd to sell at the lowest market prices. These are old established brands of Fer? tilizes, anil no one can doubt the reliabili? ty of its analysis or the quality of the ROOdi. W. S. LIGON <fc CO. ANDERSON CITY CONFECTIONERY. -0 ? I KEEP ON HAND ALWAYS Fresh Soda, Lemon, Cream and Sweet Crackers, Cakes, Candy, Confectioneries, Fruits, Nuts, Deviled Meats, Cross & Blackwell's ChowChowPickles, Canned Goods, Flour, Sugar, Coffee, Grist, Rice, Lard, Soaps, Cups and Saucer?, Chamber Sets, Glassware, Rubber, Musical and Base Balls, Novelties, Dundee Marmalade, Tobacco, good Segars, Sigarctts, Pipes, etc., etc. L. L. GREEN. Jan 10, 1834_2G_2__^ C. BART & CO?, CHARLESTON, S. C, milE LARGEST IMPORTERS OF? FRT7IT In the South, offer for sale a well selected Stock of? Apples, Oranges, Bananas, Cocoanuts, Lemons, Raisins, Nuts, Dried Figs, Potatoes, Cabbages, Onions, Peanuts, And everything else that a First Class Fruit House should have. Nov 8,18S3 17_6m Blankets and Marsailles Quilts. THE finest lot of Blankets. Crochet and Marsailles Quilts, in Town. -ALSO, Ladies Cloaks and Shawls, and Yankee Notions. For sale low by A. B. TOWERS. Sept 27, 1883 11 NOTICE XO Administrators, Executors, Guardians, and Trustees. LL Administrators, Executors, Guar dians and Trustees are hereby notified to make their Annual Returns to this office during the month of January, as required by law. THOS. C LIGON, Judge of Probate. Jan 3. 18?4 '20 4 A1