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|BY E. B. MURRAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING, JANUARY 3, 1884. TTi~YT ~T'HE FIGHT IK MOBILE BAY. C'iu derate JKfTbrtB tu Kquli? ?> Naval Force. ?f. j/- Engleston in Charleston Weekly Newt. Mritirut nations wield a power out of all jjroportiin to their population and geogupbical limita as compared with norf'iaritirr.e States. Holland, with the sea toec to her fleets, triumphed, aller a wear?f forty years, over the great mili tary power of Spain. Napoleon, with Contuental Europe culisted under Ilia Irnnbr, succumbetl at last to the power of tn Mistress of the Sea?. Against the untiled military power of tho North wo mig)- have triumphed in the late war, but gainst her maritime power the.con testrn our part was hopeless from tho begining. Anica may be improvised, but navies are te ?low growth of time. National enthsiosm or the enforcement of con scrip laws may bring thc former sud dens into existence, but uo edict of a Govenment can at once convert into uavit the raw material of the forests and te mines. Yet that was the task, for ti? non-performance of which Secre tary lal lory was so soundly and persist ently abused by our own people. To be pre ihe failure io accomplish it mean die failure of our cause, but none the 3AS Mr. Mallory nnd his subordi nate^nerit praise for what they did do rather than censure for what they did not. Th?? question of questions with UB was to med. the enemy on the sea as well a& the land, and break the blockade that held us aa with a band of iron. At all I apparently feasible points in our control we made Btrerjnous efforts to accomplish such a result, out all in vain. i A MOf?UITO SQUADRON When Adrnial Buchanan took com mand at Mobil the so-called naval force there consi?tetjof four vessels, viz : The Bide-wheel sleators Gaines and Morgan, monnting cad- B?X 32-pounders ; the Selma, a formel bay boat, mounting five guns of the sanw calibre, and the Baltic, (a nondescript tancera, with a i-h iel cl covered with ndroad iron forward of her wheelhousesA mounting four guns. Properly speaking they wero a collec tion of man-trapj rather than men-of war. ? HOW T1IEY TERE EMPLOYED. While Fort Mogan remained in our possession there w:: little or nothing for these vessels to do igcept to keep a look out for nailing btats and other small craft seeking to communicate with the enemy's blockading fleet, or to carry on a smuggling trade with Now Orleans. Certainly that was mi tho sort of service that the officers of ?use vessels would have preferred, but uwas such as they were called upon to Urform, and they did it cheerfully. Tin ti me came, how ever, when work of a *ery different sort presented itself, and tint was when Far ragut's fleet ran into Mobile Bay past the guns of Fort Morgan;. FODR IRONCLADS. The construction of fon- ironclads was begun on the Alabama lili vcr in the year 18G2 and 1863, and when partly finished they were towed! to Mobile, to be completed there. Three of the ves sels were propellers, built bomcwhat on the model of the Merrimu-., but, BO far as their shields were concerned, with a j modification thal was an ^improvement on the latter. This was tic addition of a "knuckle," that was meint to protect the vessel against the assault of another ram. The section of a hull i ready to re ceive an ironclad shield with* "knuckle" would resemble the section ci" n common meat dish. A pencil placed with one end on the edge of the dish ind held at an angle of 45? would reprisent a sec tion of the shield. In thc completed ironclad tho line of junction of the shield with the hull was como two feet below tho water-line, and presented an iron edge all rou na' the vessel, making her essentially a defensive, if not an offen sive, ram at every point. The Tuscaloosa and the Huntsville for BO th? nmftllnr nrnnollnra ty ? rr? named-would have beer, very iortaida-! bin little v?asela if they bad had suffi cient motive power; for their shields were capable of resisting a heavy bom ontdmcnt, and tho guns they mounted were formidable for that period, being Brooke rifles of 6 inch and 7 inch diame ter of bore-each vessel mounting a 7 inch rifle forward and a 6 inch on each broadside. If either the Me .-?mac or Monitor, in the famous encounter in Hampton Roads, had been armed with 7 inch rifles, her opponent would have .been forced to surrender, hut tho vital -defect in these vessels, and one which we could not overcome, was H eir waut of motive power. There were ?o machine ?hops in the Confederate Star.s capable of turning out a marino engine, and for the vessels that wu built wi vere forced to patch up auch engines os were already in the country. Those in the VI un ta vi Ile. and Tuscaloosa had boee UB?d io -?aw mills, and the utmost speed of those ves sels was not over five knots an hour. Their accommodations j weresBO con structed, .and badly ventilated that the crews were quartered in colton ware houses near the wharves to which the vessels wero moored. For that reason they were not stationed in the lower bay to-be ready to aid in resisting ihe possi ble entrance of the enemy's fleet. THE "TENNESSEE" . 1 ? ; was a vessel of far greater pretension than those jost mentioned, but not near so formidable ni Federal accounts might . lead one to suppose. At the same time she was, sive in thc- very important .nat* I-*f mntt?a ?t-"_ =:-*-_?s;.-..- .-.?? ----- 31 rani'.?? ?ri?WB?| .mti- =iij^;??^. ^. klio Merrimac, Tor she was clad with two lay ers of two-inch iron plates, instead of with one only, as ih the case of the last named vessel, and while she carried only eight guns to the Merrimac's ten, he,-'s wero rifles, with a penetrating Eower greatly in excess of tho smooth ore Dahlgren gnns that were used by both aides in tba Hampton Roads bat ties. .Of- the eight guns of the Tennessee two were 7, inch jlflfs pointing over bow aud stern respectively, and the others wore 6 inch rifles mounted on the broadsides. ' Another improvement over the Merri mac was, that the iron port-lids of tba, Tennessee could be closed while the guus wero mn in to ho loaded. In the middle of tho lid waa n hok> through which the end of the rammer could be passed. When the Merrimac returned to Nor folk after the Monitor had escaped out of reach of her guns, one of the first things done 'waa to change'the lead of the rudder-chains. They were taken'under the deck of the fantail. Instead of; being Ileft on ton of it exposed to the (berny's fire. This obviously common ? sense change was made at the euggeri'en 61 Ueut. Wcs^d. .... : \ : But tho chief constructor ot the Ten* nessee, who had been employed- io a subordinate capacity in tho l*D^ersion ol the Merrimac?ulo ai? ironclad, serpet usted^Wh^tb^ first 'cram ed'WeesM the abBUVd efrb'r ?adir In the "latter* Tb? **P **<1 rudde?-cb'alm?' of the ; Merrimac **?ped byy ?a.miracle that waa not **|H ?ted in - the caso of the Troceasen. ("CAMEL8" UNDER WATER The draft of tho Tennessee did not admit of her passage over Dog River "ar, six mile? below tho City of Mobile, con sequently it waa necessary io devise some method of lifting ber over. AB abe approached completion tho construc tion of "camels" was begun. These were water-tight boxes, so shaped as to fit under the side of tho vessel. They were four in number, and they were three weeks iu building. They were intended to be sunk under the phip's bottom by letting water into them. Once in posi tion the water was to be pumped out, when tho "camels" would.ritte aud lift tho vessel. They were nearly ready to be launched when ono night they were-sot on fire, doubtless by Uuiou sympathizers, and reduced to ashes. Nothing remained but to begin the building of now ones, and this wa? dono at once, with a cordon of sentries ? around the spot. In due couno of time the now "camels" were completed, and by means of them the Tennessee was lifted over Dog Uiver Har and proceeded to the lower bay, whence she was destined never to return. The stdewheel Bteamer alluded to above was named the Nashville. She was constructed with a substantial iron clad shield forward ot the wheelhouses, and as a ram she might bavo done some damage to Farragut's Heel bad Bhe been ready in time, bhe was taking on board her armament of rilled cannon the very morning that the enemy's vessels passed Fort Morgan. A NECESSARY CHANGE Ol' PROGRAMME. It bad been Buchanan's intention to go out in the Tennessee and endeavor to raise tho blockade of Mobile. About the 1st of August he had determined to make the attempt on the following morning, and the little squadron was ordered to bo in readiness for tho under taking. But when at dawn we looked out iieaward wo saw that thc blockading fleet bad ;beeu heavily reinforced during the night, and the plau of attacking them was abandoned as no longer feasible. This reinforcement of the enemy was preparatory to Farragut's much vaunted exploit of running past the guns of Fort Morgan. A KEW WORDS CONCERNING EA RAG UT may not be out of place here. The qual ities that go to malee up a brilliant naval commander of Farragut's calibre-and, I may add, of Bucbannan's, for they were pi .duct? of the same school and closely resembled one another-are much the same that are needed in a calvary officer- the qualities of a Rupert, a Mu rat, a Jeb Stuart. Farragut possessed these qualities in n pre-eminent degree, but the claim put forth by our Northern friends, that bis exploits mark bim as the greatest naval commander that ever lived is preposter ous. In say i tig BO I am governed wholly by what he did, not by what he might have done ; for, although I had on more than one occasion before the war listened to his conversation, I do not pretend to a special knowledge of tho latent possi bilities that were in him. He had at his command a new factor in naval warfare -steam power ; and, while he made good use of it in running past land batteries, that was no more than dozens of others, Federals and Confederates, did during the war, and ho was not the pioneer in such undertakings. ar.CAMERS RUNNING I'AST LAND BAT TERIES. During the siege of Sebastopol a Rus sian dispatch steamer was in the habit of making almost daily trips past thc Allied batteries. ^ The Confederate States steamots Pat rick Henry, Jamestown and Teazer ran by the Federal batteries at Newport News, and,. .i though one of them receiv ed a shot through her steam dome, sho managed still to keep on. Federal gunboats never hesitated to run by our batteries on the Mississippi and its tributaries-even transports laden with troopB passing with impunity such fortifications as wer? at Vicksburg. Similar exploits were 1 performed : a most "SH? -3-ss r***??*0?- -------- mg or leaving our ports. Perhaps the moat noted of these waa that hy Capt. John N. Moffitt, in tho Confederate States Bteamer Florida. Half of his crew being stricken down at sea with yellow fever, be determined to ' get within reach of medical aid, and' steered straight for Mobile, the nearest Confederate port. In broad daylight the Florida was sighted by the blockading fleet steering directly for the entrance to .Mobile Hay. Msflitt bad sent below all of hia crew except the few that were needed to bandle the ship. In vain the Federal vessels emptied their broadsides in the effort to stop the daring Confeder ate. Severa! projectiles struck her, among them an ll inch shell, which fortunately did hot- explode, bat she kept straight on, and anchored lo 'uo time under tho guns of Fort Morgan. To plump with a cannon ball a ?hip passing rapidly, and perhaps a mile away, is like shooting a bird on the wing with a pistol. The bird, too, is apt to fall if hit once, but the ship might be struck a hundred times over and still ki op on. ".- s lt cannot, therefore, be conceded'-that a naval commander whose reputation rea?? wholly cn his success ic running past shore batteries, whether in a single steamer or attended by many, bas any claim to a .place by the aide of Nelson. The latter won his victories by combina tions like those tn e.do by Napoleon on land. He beat the enemy in detail doubling on one end of hin line and leaving the other either to look idly on or run. And he always knew when and how to make such combinations. Doubtless history will right all such matters in the Course of timo. A "MOCK MONITOR" WITH A MORAL. . I Apropos of this subject is an account, in a late number of the Philadelphia ? Time?, of incidente at; the siege of Vicka burg, in which the writer tells of a prac tical joke perpetrated by Admiral Por ter. He ordered a "mock monitor" to be constructed out of "an old coal barge docked over, with a lot of empty pork barrels; set up to fl mu?ate turrets sud smokestacks, mud furnaces to generate black f-moko, and some old canoes for quarterooata." Well/tlie "raock'moni tor" having been let loose in the stream, actually drifted past the Confederate batteries without the,-loss'of a single pork barrel \ Not that bo efforts were, made to destroy ber' for the writer in tho Time? declares tust Bhe drew a fire that in bia own works, exceeded, all "oiir experience In Vicksburg cannon ading." Tho moral to Admiral Porter's joke may possibly be found in the answer to this question : Ii a "mock monitor" ' could drifts unscathed past .batteries aa powerful-as any then in tho world and manned by as skillful gunners, what becomes^ of tho claim to the first place among naval commandera that rests wholly io performances like that of the i scow in question, and with steam power, instead of tho current, to hurry the ves ! self out of reach of the enemy's gunsf . FARRAGUT PASS?S FORT MORGAN. Every naval officer ai Mobil o and many i ' '.'. '?. ? ? ' . : . '? ' '? .'.'.'... who wero uot naval officers knew perfect ly well t)>at Farragut's fleet would run past Foil Morgan whenever the office* commanding it saw proper to do so. What we were puzzled about was in re gard to the time that it would be done. We could see that the fleet outside had been heavily reinforced/ but we thought that possibly it was on account of the Crcsence of the Tennessee in tho lower ay. Still we were not surprised wheu on the morning of the 5th day of Au gust, 18G4, we saw the Federal fleet mov ing in double line straight for the chan nel. It was a magnificent sight, but by DO means a pleasant one to the Confed erates stationed at tho land batteries and on board the Tcunessco and her frail wooden tenders. The advancing fleet numbered eighteen vesst Is in all, fourteen of which wcro wooden ships of war, not man traps liko our own, and four monitors. Two of these monitors, tho Tecumseh and the Manhattan, were far moro pow erful vessels than their predecessor of Hampton Roads' fame, for each carried two 15-inch guns instead of 11-inch guns like tho old Monitor. The other two monitors were doublo turreted and mounted 11-inch guns. Tho enemy's wooden vessels were lashed together in pairs, so that if one should happen to bo sunk the crew might be rescued by her consort. They came steadily on, answering with their thun dering broadsides the fire f.otn our laud batteries and vessels. If only they could be made to stop and fight it out, the old adage that "one gun ashore is worth ten afloat," would still be made to hold good. But that, very properly, is no part.of Farragut's programme, nnd tho Federal fleet moves rapidly on. Suddenly shouts of triumph are heard from our water batteries. There are only three monitors where a moment ago there were four 1 One of them hos suddenly disappeared beneath the waves. Sunk, perhaps, by a torpedo. Tho monitors were steaming in advance of the enemy's wooden vessels and near er than the latter to the Confederate bat teries. The siukiog of tho monitor was followed by a pause in the advancing fleet, the pair of vessels in the lead, which, we afterwards, learued, were the Brooklyn and the Octarora, stopping to signal. Then it was that Farragut displayed tho impetuous bravery characteristic of him. His flag-ship, the Hartford, with the Metacomet, commanded by the gal lant Jnuett, lashed to her side, was tho second in the linc, nud they dashed on past the halting Brooklyn, and were soon out of reach ol our fire. The Tennessee made for tho Hartford, with tbs hope of ramming her, but the latter had the heels ot us. Want of motive power was the great defect in the Tennessee. The Hartford being safely in the bs. y, we gave our attention to the rest of tba fleet that were now rapidly following tine lead ol their Admiral be yond the re.:ch of our shore batteries. Owing to their vastly superior speed, they eluded all our efforts to ram them, and got safely in. OUR WOODEN GUNBOATS. The Selm?, Capt. Murphy, had gal lantly taken position ahead of the Hart ford and Metacomet, and kept up a rak ing fire on them during their advance up thu bay, but finally, she was compelled to trust to her heeia for safety, and even then she trusted in vain. The Meiacotu et soon overhauled her and forced ber to surrender. The last abell fired at the Selma struck down Lieut. Comstock, the brave young officer who commanded her broadside guns. A fragment of the shell tore ?way his breast. "Stand to your guns, men !" were thu words that he barely bad time to utter ere he fell for ward dead. Capt.* Dennett in the Gaines had fought his ship until sho was on the point of sinking under his feet. Then he beached her, set ber on fire and es caped with his crow in the ship's boats. The Morgan had not received a scratch aud there was talk of a court martial, but probably the crowding of great events towards the close of the war pre VCLi.CU tv. "INTO THE JAWS OF DEATH." J The enemy's fleet were now anchored perhaps a couple of miles np the Bay, while' the Tennessee lay at anchor oil Fort Morgan. What was to be doue with her? As a regiment is to an army corps, sa was tho Tennessee to the fleet that Lad just entered Mobile Bay. - Ninety-nine men out of a hundrod would, in Buchanan's pince, have de emedthat th? Bhip should remain where she was and shs.ro the fate of Fort Mor gan. Not so with bim. All retreat had bees cut oiF for the Tennessee. She waa like a man doomed to die, and the brave old 'Admiral determined to sell her life al the highest possible price. The Tennessee got under way and sSsasssd'directly to warda the gi^at bes tile fleet. Like the charge of the Light Brigade, "it mas not war, but a cpo eta eic." There waa speedy signalling fron the. enemy's flag ship, followed by th? slipping of cables and the movement o the whole fleet towards us. Two of theil heaviest vessels, Tunning -nearly at ful speed, one after the . other struck ui amidships with -their iron : prows. Tin "knuckle" saves us and we keep on ou course, heading directly for the Hartfort and sainting her with our bow gun aa wi nearedher. She two was makingstralgh for UH-tho two old Admirals were. com lng to (.:!.. m quarters truly 1-bot just fi timo the Hartford very properly sheeree clear of us. As the two vestal* pas?* one another. close aboard, the Hartfell delivered a broadside. Wo tried to re turn the compliment, but two of ou three gu aa missed fire. By this time the whole fleet wer tumbling in upon us, freely using the! prows and their great guns. Against th former the knuckle still protected us, bu the latter soon reduced tho Tennessee t a helpless wreck. The rudder chair were gone, the armor had been crushe in by tho 15 inch sheila of the enemy monitor, nnd the gallant cid Auu?in lay wounded by the fragment of a shel Nothing remained but to surrender, an that we might honorably have done to force so vastly superior without firing shot. A STRONG GIRL.-"Uncle Abe," sa! n woman, addressing a colored gent!emu of prominence, "Pse got some might had news fer ycr." "What ia it chile?" 'Tee jes' from ver houct? an' yer b< I is dun gib up by de doctors." . . "Dat so? Tse glad ter hear it." . "Wy Uncle Abe, yer oughter 1 'shamed ob yourse'f." "Hat's whar yer*o wrong. Ef dat do tor has been workin' on dat boy now 1 two weeks, an* at las' has ter gin him u it shows dst de boy is a mighty stroi chile. Had ter gin him up, did ho? haw, haw. Doctor fin's obs leckies de way when he ?.-ornea er foolin' 'rou my family;" V . - A paste of equal parts of kid ashes, clay and salt ana a little wat cementa cracks in stoves and ovens. STATUE TO JOHN C. CALHOUN. Complet* Description of tliU Work of Art. The European correspondent of the Baltimore Sun, writing from Rome, un der date of December 1, says : To day I spent an agreeable half hour in thc studio of Mr. Albert E. Harnisch, of Philadelphia. I found him mounted up on high in a sculptor's scafTold, care fully working out the details of thc co lo.ooal model statue of John C. Calhoun. This model ia in "moulder's cloy," and is nu. en feet high and on a studio dais of nome twenty moro feet high. Thus Mr. Harnisch, away up aloft, looked like thc little cherub old Dibden used to sing about in naval vocalisms of old. I mention this fact of Mr. Haruiscb's personal work on every detail, for in many cases the artist only imparts thoso inspired little touches which arc myste riously called "finishers," leaving the bulk of the work to tho "aludi? ghost." This conscicntiouBUCK* of the young Philadelphia!) in his art work is highly creditable alike to himself and his mas terly productions. This statue model of the great Calhoun is, indeed, animatod clay. I can remember seeing Calhoun when I was in the spring and he in the winter of life. Indeed, I sat opposite him at tho dinner table for nu. y a dav, when the hoarding house of Mis. Wash ington, on F street, in the "city of mag nificent distances/' was thc home ot r.muy "men of tho time." in this colossal model I again see the great "nullifier." Ile ls here, perhaps, made to appear rather in the mid-sum mer than In tho winter of lifo. The prime of ago is the happy mean for the artist. There is none of that shaggy long hair thrown back fitfully ; none of that lion-like crouching that marked the declining days of the hero of the Pal metto forest. He now stands erect in that pose which gave him the greatest prominence in tho United States Senate aud caused every eye and every ear to be directed to tho Southern orator. H?B head erect and well posed, on a lithe, nervous yet firm frame ; his deep set, stern eyes, beneath a massive brow ; his pulsating nostrils and his compressed, rigid lips, with the well-defined lines of the cheek and chin of the oratorical type, are all before you in this model. Thc nervous right hand and arm are half extended ; the former being one of those "great yet not large hands that ipeak," and which Sir Arthur Helps has so well described io bia charming book of "Friends in Council." The left foot is advanced, and gives to the figure that 'light livingness of senatorial grace," a? Cicero would pay. Indian like, John C. Calhoun inclined to walk somewhat ?iib his toes inwards than outwards. Southern people all over the world do so, in contradistinction to Northern people. I assume the dolce Tar nientc of Southern life superinduces this, and I remember Daniel Webster lo bave said that "commercial men, mc ?hanicK, tailors and dancing masters toed mtwards." Our notions ot physical de portment do not comport with this idea lowadays. I think ? have read of St. Paul being in-toed, and also that Cicero ivas like "one who bad trod the Indians' lath." Thin pose in the Calhoun model )f Mr. Harnisch is agreeable to the eye, ind adds to the motion of "speaking to the Senators," wbtch is the idea conveyed by this art-work of the real and the betu [(leal Senator. Standing in front of bia senatorial chair, on which is flung the :loal- he was wont to wear, you have be fore . :>u the great formulator of "State's sovereignty" in all his earnest, breathing, ?fe-like character. Thia figure will be cast in bronze after the Roman style, which is much better than that of the Muuich mode. It will then be placed on a granite rostra, which ?viii be semi circular with Palmetto trees }f bronze, half inlaid, and making the luperficial compartments usually pro duced by facade pillars. At thc bose of this rostra will be seat ;d life size figures representing "Truth" in tho front, "Justice by one side, "His tory" by the other, hud iu the rear the ?reat argument of Calhoun, the "Consti tution.""* Approaching this and tho groud are four large granite stepB that form au en circling main bts-? to the whola monu ment. This monument will make an im pressive and imposing testimonial in Charleston, and will, altogether, bo fully forty-five feet high. As a work of art it svill be unique, not only in ita vitality of ?he chief figuro and the repose of the secondary figures, but in the ornate and appropriate euBemblo. Mr. Harnisch can afford to rest bis re putation on this work, and South Caroli na can equally afford to be proud of the good taste in the selection of this artist for this work, lt would bo premature to say just now when South Carolina may aspect to wolcomo this enduring tribute af bronze and granite to one who waa, facile princeps, tho true metal of manly statesmanship and the true rock cf nura patriotism. Permit me to briefly speak of the im pression a work of art of this kind Con veys. Like a true literary composition of contemporary persons and manners, there is no free play of idealism or the forced wbimsof imagination in this work. It is simply true and truly simple. The spirit of Calhoun comes up before you as Well as the outer man. You breathe "Southern rights," and you feel the cav alier Carolinian ; and you realize what Taine describes when he says a language, a legislation, a relation is novor more than an abstract thing. The completo thing is the man who acts, the man, cor poral and vhible, who eu?s, walks, fights, labors, ??eave on one ?ide tbs theory and the mechanism ot constitutions, re ligion and their systems, and try to see men in their senates, in their workshops, in their offices in their fields, with the sky and earth, their houses, their dress, cultivation, meals, as you do when, land ing in England, or in Italy, you remark faces and motions, roads and inns, a cit izen taking his walk, a woman drinking. Our great care should be to supply, aa much as possible, in memorial or tribute art of tn .!?y; cr contemporary individual literature, the want, of the present, per sonal, direct and sensible observation which we can no longer practice, for it is the only means of knowing thc man. Let us make the past present. To do thia io sculpture is more difficult than in Iiainting, and more difficult in both than n literature. Mr. Harnisch has repro duced the accessories of dress-the broad facings of the frock coat ; t >e close-fit ting yet semi-neglige pantalt strapped o', er tho boots, that were u .s or the corporal roan. Behind and v 'hin these is tue man himself; and in all these ex ternals we see the avenues converging to a great centre. That centre is the soul ness, if I may ate the term, that marks the individuality, the one of a strong, origina!, true and courageous man. Then it ls we see life in the moulder's clay, the artist's color, the dranghtman's lines ?nd the author's paragraphs. Hu man sentiment then springs up from the model. Moral dispositions then speaks to you from the easel. Then true art i? accompanied by her true handmaids Faith, the inspirer, and Christianity, thr conductor. Minus these appears me chanism. ABP'S EXCURSION. ll* Taya a Visit to the l'almotto State. Atlanta Constitution. A man cau't koop down his memories, and I don't think he ought to. There is an old maxim which says "forgivo and forgot." Well.'.it cau't be did, that's al!. A sanctified man or a good hearted mau can forgive, hut a memory na* nothing to do with our hearts or our wills. ?Tetnory is a sort of independent contrivance and has ways of its own. Memory speaks to us in spite of ourselves and saya now stop and think and wo stop. I was ru minating about this on my trip to South Carolina. 1 looked at the pleasant homos and thriving villages along tho line from Augusta to Columbia and memory took mo away back to ?evc!u?ionarv times when Marion and Sumter r.nd Picken* and their compatriots wore lighting for t> principle and now they lived on potatoes, and went barefooted, and mado overy sacrifico to help out them fellers in Hus ton who throw that toa overboard. I thought about tho battles of tho Cow pens, and King's mountain, and about old Cornwallis, and theu those glorious names carno up in my mind, such as Pinckney and Hay nc and Lowndes and Cbeevcs and Calhoun and Huller and Huger, and a h?st of others who have illustrated, aud whose descendants still illustrate, that noble State. And mem ory came along down to later dayB, when the vandals came willi fire and sword aud desolated thc land and put an iron heel upon her people, and how they en dured their humiliation and in silence began to repair their shattered .fortunes and rebuild their homes, and how those noble women did not forget their patriot ism nmidst all this wreck, but gathored around the tombs of Washington as chil dren gather around a parent's grave, and went to work to repair it, and adorn it, and preserve it from thoso very vandals who had forgotten that there was u Mon ir Vernon upon tho bank of the Potomac. I thought of all this, and much moro, and I wondered if the north, tho mighty north, bad lost all respect for valor and devotion and the love of country, which Carolina had manifested ever since she was a State and had a people. I thought about the kuklux trials that were going on there in Columbia under the prejudiced power of an administra tion that prefers our hate to our love and respect. A power that stocks the juries like a gambler stocks his carda and ex cludes every m?.n whom they even sus pect of being a patriot, a democrat, or a gentleman. I have been raised to think that thoso who rule should try to court tho love of their subject? and make them love the government, but for twenty yean those rulers have put on their meit winning ways lo make us hate them and ha!e tho government wo live under. The good ladies of Columbia wroto to me about Mt Vernon, and wanted my help and BO I went. Year after year they work and beg mid continue to r.:isc a fund for that purpose, and they succeed in spite of poverty or oppression. The letter said, now Mr. Arp, your good old State han recently sent n mau over hero to abuse us, and we want ber to send an other to amuso us and keep ua in good humor and make us all calm and sereno and balance the account between Georgia and Carolina. I have a filial reverence for the old palmetto for my good mother was born upon her soil aud I had rever ence for those noble women and noblo men and I have thought that if our republican government should ever be come a monarchy and wanted material for knights and carls, and loros and barons it could be found iu Carolina. But if General Grant was the king I don't think he would have hunted for it much in that direction, nor any other hardly outside of his kindred. South Carolina is still under the ban but she don't care. Her people are proud and ask no favors. They have long since learned bow to suffer and be strong. They have seen the bottom of the cup and drank its dregs and now tboy are on rising ground. Columbia is built up again and abounds as in beautiful homes where live tho true lords and ladieB of the land-a sociable, dignified and hos pitable people who scorn meanness and nypocricy in ali its forniB. Talk about your. Vanderbilt balls, and suppers and twenty thousand dollars worth of flowers and a million dellars in diamonds and glittering gems, and when one of these une costumes come along with a woman in it the old fellow points ber out and says, "ain't she a snorter." When I read that account I couldn't help hut think about the gathering I witnessed and attended tho other night in Colum bia, where there were governors, and judges, and ministers, and senators, and representatives, and not in all the oirclo a worshiper of mammon or a man or woman who was not a patriot and a Christian. To mingle with such people in social intercourse elevates and refines a man, but what avails lt to go to Van derbilt's ball-what moral lesson does it teach to the rising generation ! Columbia is fast recovering her former beauty as a city and her trade as a me tropolis.' Tho legislature ia in session ana the Supreme Court and the Federal Court, and notable men from all parte of the State aro there. I did not attend the Federal Court for I dident want to see that prosecution and persecution going on. I thought of Ireland in the days of Philips, ana Curran, end Grattan and Emmi, when public informers wore paid and bribed to betray and hireling prose cutors were sent from abroad backed with bayonets to browbeat and convict. ? ssw thftt thc*!cgis!aturs bsd appropriated three quarters of a million for'the current year and when I inquired what all that money was for they told me that half of it was to pay the interest on the public debt-a debt created mainly by radical rule and radical stealage. I saw spit toons that cost two dollars and a half that are worth about 50 cents and there were mirrors that cost $1,500 a piece and everything else paid for in proportion just to putt!* money in som body's pocket, I ie ll yes these radic?is feathered their nests while they had the powor and they bad it a good while and left a load ol debt and infamy behind them. But it ii all changed now. The State is redeemed, regenerated and disenthralled and the people seem happy. "Oh," they say, "we will work ont ; we will pay that debt ; we will do anything to get rid ol them fellers, and keep rid of them." They talked moat kindly of our people for the aid aud comfort and sympathj we gave them in 1876, and os for Goner al Toomba and General Gordon theil love and-admiration knew no bounds. Now I am borne againand .having i good time telling my wife and childrer all about my journey, and what a gooc time I bad among those noble people and how I met old school mates and ok army friends and I feel better.and young or, and now I'm going to get Urs. Arr off to Florid? where she can renew bei ?outh like the eagle, and just as . soon a g6t rich I'm going to buy her a wfnte home down tnere with orange groves and pino apples, ?nd bananas, and co coaouts, and lemons, and guava, and i summer home away np here among . th mountains, and a railroad and palace car between tho two and a free pntw over the line and plenty of rnoaoy at both ends of it. I tb i uk Hbo would like that, and with a half dozen or a dor.cn of her numerous and lovely posterity to travel with her I think dio would bo happy. It is good for a man or a woman to leave home oe casionally and be petted and inuched up abroad among kindred and friend?, and it is good for them to come back agaiu and rcHt and enjoy the quiet and peace of the family fireside and cask io the sun shine and amPes of the loved ones at home; I like to go, but I love to return, (?od bless our homos and protect them from envy and discoutout and from fire and'sword. BILL Am?. Tho Capa'ollltloa of Youth. BY ?RV. ?iOBEBT If. WILHAMS. Great and good men have como up from the most adverse circumstance*. Luther, whose name is ringing through the Protestant world to-day, carno from an humble homo. His father was a miner, and bin mother was employed in hard, sovoro labor for tbe good of her family. If Blackstone, the great expounder of tho law, had followed his father's bumhle occupation, he would have remained in obscurity. William Wirt, one of Maryland's graatost lawyers, had P very humble borne, and was left without parents and money at a very early age. Thurlow Weed bogau tn work when he was only eight years old. Blowing bel lows in a blacksmith shop, waiting in a tavern, acting as a cabin boy, cutting wood and making tho 6ro in a printing office, were some of the employments that occupied bis attention before he bad passed boyhood. These were men who carno up out of tho most unpromising circumstances, and took an honorable place among their fel low-men. Then, home influences have done much fur young men. The mother, who fol lowed her boy with the inquiry whoo he was far away, "How do you spend the Sabbath ?" "Do you read your Bible, Tom?" had it said of that boy, as Froudo says of Carlyle. "The early impressions gotten at homo can be traced through the whole of his writings." It is said of Sir Walter Scott that the stories told by bis grandfather ""d grand mother made bim the writer he became. President Nott, clad in the clothes which were tho work of the hands of his mother from tho time wool was takeu from the back of thc sheep until if cov ered the back of her son, was the pro duct of a home wbcro the best influences were found. When Dr. Archibald Alexander heard from the lips of bis iatber that learning was to be his estate, it made a deer> and lasting impression upon him. Speaking of his father's intci.tion to (.end him to college, Daniel Wehster Baid : "The very idea thrilled roy wLole frame. My father said that he lived but for his children, and if I ?tould do all I could for myself, be would do all be could for me. I remember that I was quite overcome, and my head grew dizzy. The thing appeared no high, and the ex penso and sacrifice it was to coot my father so great, I could only press his hand and abed tears. Excellent parent I I cannot think of him now without turning child again." It was under the influence of a Chris tian home that Dr. Bushnell declared, even in boyhood, that he felt that he was a power in the world. Tho man frequently enlarges upon what pleases him in youth. Sixty years of Sir Isaac Newton's life were employed in developing and elaborating what had passed through hio mind before he was twenty five. Galvin's theological views bad taken ?nape ir his mind before he wrote his "Institutes" at the age of twenty-seven, and the rest of his lite was employed io developing and perfecting them. It has been said of Macau ll ay : "What bo waa as a scholar of Trinity College, be waa substantially as a peer of the realm. Tho boy, W. E. Dodge, was interested in tho work of missions, and more than ??j years of prayer asa princely giving did not bring weariness in this noble work. /i The Christian young mau may become many times more useful than tho young man of the world. Her?an . Pago, the carpenter, bad no money and no social position to give him influence. But his simple, earnest piety is perpetual to this day in tho life and work of Sabbath school leschen and ministers of the gos pel. The youls, Nettleton, was an earnest ?b ria ti nn, and became one of the most useful ministers that ever graduated from Yale College. Now because there are thsee grertt ca pabilities io the young, there is groat encouragement to every ene who is atrir* ing to train them for usefulness. A trille may etrcqgthen the heart fur endurance and earneatness in the moat adverse cir cumstances. A word may ?aake home influence ef fective, may perfect a good work begun in youth, and increase ino influence from ?ear to year through a long life.-Pre*' ?/ferian Journal. Oiling Wagon Wheels and Woodwork. Mr. Allen E. Smith reports to the Farmers' Review an experience in oiling wagon wheels and other woodwork: "I have a wagon of which, six years ago, tho felloes shrunk so that the tire? hV catuo louse. I gave it a good coat of hot oil, and every year since it has had a coal of oil or paint, sometimes, both. The tires are tight yet and they have not been set for eight or nine years. Many farmers think that ns soon as a wagon felloes beging to shrink they must go at once to a blacksmith shop and get the tire set. Instead of doing that Which is often a damage to the wheels, causing them to dian, if they will get some Ho aeed oil and beat it boiling hot and give the felloes all the oil they can take, It will fill them up to their' usual oize ard tighten to keep them from shrinking, and also to keep out the water. If you do ?ot wish togo to the trouble of mixing paint you can heat tho oil and tie a rag to a stick and swab them over as long as they will take oil. A brush ia more con vc n ic nt io use, but a awsb will answer if you do not wish to buy a brush. It ia quite a saving of time sud money to look alter the woodwork of farm machinery. Alternate wetting and drying injures and causes the best wood soon to decay and lose its strength unless kept well painted. It pays to keap a little oil on Land to oil forkbandles, rakes, neck-yokes, whif fletrees-/and any' of tho small tools 'ott' the farm that are more or lees exposed." : ' ! . ' : ?- ? '_? ??* ?i ,.*Mfc'1 , ' t . , i-- i - , . DKLEVAK, Wi?.,. Sept. 2?.T678. GENTS-I baye taken not quita one bottlo of tho Hop Bittere. Iwasafeoble old man of 7.8 when I got it. To day I am aa active and feel as well ns I did alt 80.. I see a great many that need auch & medicine..,.. . Bp^qfc,; ., - No7cr give a promise thal yon dd not intend to fulfill. - <..<': -v. - tub . ? (?r ,<J -?>;.;.; ?..*... lt) uo?i?vgfl ? V/UU A CHAT ON CORSrs. "-"~~ Mea llave Handsomer Feet tuan Woman, j and Les? Trouble With Bunions. from the National Republican. "Tell me something about feet," said a Republican representativo yesterday to a beading shoo manufacturer of tho dis trict. "Well, to begin with, as charity hides a multitude of sins, so a well-made shoo covers very frc-juontly a host of deformi ties and uglinesses." "How orton ?" "About two-thirds of the feet that walk over streets are more or less deformed aud crippled with corns, bunions, sunken arches, ingrowing nails, and other un sightly, unnatural features. It is as rare to And a handsome foot as a perfect band-even rarer-for the foot has to bear the weight of thc body, and tho stylo of shoe generally worn ii much more objectionable than that of the glove. Strange as it may appear at first Slance, there are more men with well Hired, natural feet, than women." "What is the reason thereof?" "I think it arises chiefly from tho excessive, but nearly always ignorant, solicitude mothers show about the feet of their daughters when the latter are young. The custom of buying ready-made shoes, especially for children, is a fatal ono lo tho beauty and the health of the feet. The average uaau and. wc?r.an ato as io capabl? of picking out a proper ready m nd c ahoo as they are of selecting a pair i of spectacles suitable to the requirements of their eyoB without calling in the aid of tho occulist. For example, the shoe should be two ?izca longer, than the foot. A mother, buying a pair of shoes for her child, will have the child's foot incaied in ono of proper length, and'then, feel iug around tue toe, will say "O, this shoo is entirely too long." Oft' goes the nlioo, and tho little onc'n tender feet are ?reseed in a pair no longer than the foot, bo foot of a child grow rapidly, and any excessive pressure, oven if the nerves do-not complain,'acts injuriously.. Theti the ready-made shoe, being''built "op a general raeosiire, can not bo adapted to the requirements of each individual foot except at the expense of the foot. There is great difference in the size of tho same ?iorson's feet, one or the other being ongor, broader, with higher instep, lar ?;er beol etc. The ready-made nhoo is tandy, ?B much cheaper than these made ; to order, but you can not fit your feet in them any more than you can get a per- ; feet fit in ready-made clothes-not so i woll, oven, for all the prominent ready made clothing houses have special tail- i ors whose business it is to adapt the gar- < mcnts to the peculiarities of the purchas er. But a shoo once made can not be 1 tinkered until it is BO far worn out as to need reconstruction." | "Which foot is the larger, generally ; right or left?" \ "Qenerelly tho right, in two out of ! thrse cases. But a third part of men ? and women have tho lett foot larger and i longer. The difference between the 1 same man's feet is sometimes very great. I have made shoes for persons whoso left i foot bad a high instep, while the right t was as flat as a Maryland ash cake, i Then again I have customers who wear ? a No. 7 in lenkth on the right and an 8 i on the left foot. These people could not get a fitting shoe ready-iiir.de. 1 They could not wear them with- i out pain and positive injury to the 1 feet. But many people so con- < stituted do wear them, suffering mis- j erv and spoiling their feet all the while." i "What is the average sire of the r* oe j worn by men ?" I "From 7 to 8. Tens are not uncom- j mon, and even larger. No. 5 for a man t of medium size, is small. The average | size of woman's shoe is-welles's and 4 s. ? But a vast number of women weBr shoes ? much larger than those numbers. Andi t have fitted ladies whose feet rivaled j Cinderella's for smallness and shape. ? Not long rince I made a pair of buttoned i gaiters for a yoong lady, a resident of ( lois city, whoso feet, though not the ] smallest, were the most perfect I ever j saw. Tho ablest sculptor that ever lived j could not have chiseled out .if marble o j pair of more perfect feet." ^ * "What're* tho ?tes T i ..Ones!'1 ' " i "Ones 1" replied the reporter. "Wt thet a very smdll size \ ; !"Very small, not more than one grov.n j woman in 10,000 having so small a foot, i Bat. there are ladies whose feet .are even * smaller than that. I have never seen, i however, so perfectly shaped a foot, and \ I have made shoes to order fdr twenty- j three years ia this city." . . . "Who was the lady ?" asked the ??pcr ter. ' "What is her name?" ' , "Ah ? that I can not tell.' It would be a breach of confidence between merchant , and customer. I don't mind telling .yon? j however, that abe is .employed in . tba. j bureau of engraving and printing.'1* ?. ? , "l'criu-p? shs Iz s dwarf, hene? the , smallness of ber feet," suggested tbe re- , porter*- , . ? < "No, abe io of medium size, ni co der. ,J decidedly pretty, with hazel eyes tua , brown bair. 8he Is very unwise, howev- ? er, to wear buttoned gaiters. Nothing \ so soon spoils the arch of the foot and - beats doun the instep, nuking the foot ' flatos buttoned gaiters. Yon observe," ] continued the shoe desler, "that the flesh \ around the instep in unusually tender, j and bas but little Support. The bones j of tbe.foot aro not calculated to ?tAnd a , continuous pressure such os a buttoned ] gaiter gives on top. Well, the effect of j wearing them is to cause tba flesh to , spread out and flatten sud tbe bones. to ; j - ~i^J, USill MMw!J .? nvit'bii?pvu, USUU' , some foot is tnsde ugly. A gaiter that , laces up to the front, ls bad, very bad for , the feet, bot not so objectionable as tbe buttoned. A shoe that laces up the side J is far better, and, as ladies generally wiii , not wear boots, is the best shoe to pre- ? serve the health and beauty of the foot." , ' "Why do you say 'boots ?' " , "Because boots are the only kind 'of , foot covering that answers ell require* j meats of health, comfort and good looks, j A bOvt, Vrc?l UJBU?-Uu, Ol Couine, X ( mean properly m ado. in all cases-braces up the foot and ankle, and rests the ex* : tremity instead of fatiguing. Such evils. \ ss pointed toes and narrow soles, should never even be thought of, much less worn. But they .are. . .Tes, and wilt be. Men ought not to 1 get drank ; or, let feet, lead lives other than of tb?, highest purity, but they do, gad will continue to do so. And hence they, are always sinning and always re penting. Nature, however, hos given one i remedy for corns and bunions, and the astnasgent will go far to the restoring of : deform cd feet, to their original eh apr. "" , '.tell me that, by all menas.'1, "Tho uso of bot water and soap? No matter how badly his pedid extremities have been -abused.if ft man will noak his foot every night tn hot water for about fifteen minutes, and use soap on thom < parts of tho foot will o&sunic their normal proportions. Ho - ovust coutinoo tho practico, soi? oti m cs for tes:! y months, ?S?i^ili! : ?While.** i ;v:>:-v?? > ><*:?': ?iii?.'- *!p-'?i ?v?? *\IA c*" ixLK xix^NO. 25: f n? Wants to ?^?Tuirutj^ ~7~ y^?* ?wu wh?*^ ^0 Ufo of ever, belong to; ? brJ^b?l^? ?ri ambitionto contented un ttl h? ^^ a brass horn. A boy t^*???* <**owDa fair and sees a band, lured tVo?? * boring1^ town, and each member or fi[" band is a hero in tho eyo of tho boy. . . He seea.'the blue coats, wita gold lace, tho epaulets, tho cap, with ..'s musical frontpieco, and tho yellow Btripe down the trousers, and he resolver to learn to play a .horn. He sees the crowd collect - around tho band-stand as tho band plays a tune, and notices the snaro drummer cock his hat on one side of his head and look at all the girls, and tho young mas is most inclined to learn to play the drum instead of the horn, as he argues that playing the drum gives one a bettor opportunity to look around ; but when he reflects that it requires brain and wind to play a horn, no decides cs a horn. And when the band ?a marched off to ?he dinicg-haii at tho fair, aud given a placo at tho head of the table, near the orator of the day, who has his oration in his pocket and is afraid ho will lose it, ana secs the crowd collect around the band, his mind is made np more (irmly than ever to play a horn. He goes home and dn ams of the band, and the noxt dav tc goes to work and sells a calf, or take* some of tho money he earned iwrvesting, and buys a brass horn aud a hook of notes that he does not know the nsmo of. He has been to sloging school, and can read singing notes hut born notes aro too rich for his blood. Ho does not tell bis family what he bas done, but smuggles bis horn into the barn and when be has got the milk ing done, and fed tho stock, ho goes out to the barn ond gets into tho nay mow and feels of tho keys. He Goally mus ters up courage to blow gently into the horn, and he hears a noise that is cross between the squeal of a pig caught un der a gate and the bellow of a cow that smells blood and pawB the turf and looks sassy in the pasture. He blows gently until he bas got so he can make a straight nobie that doeB not split up the back and go out of tho instrument both ways, and tho folks in tho house bogin to bear it. Then he concludes that he will see how much the instru ment will stand, and ho draws in his breath and blows for all that is out, and as the discordant "bla-a-t" goes out upon the stifling air of tho bay mow, and bo feels a sensation at the butt of tho ears that makes him think a mule ,. has kicked him, and bo hears the hones ' down stairs kicking in the stalls, and tho cows are lowing as though they had heard bad news, and the faithful dog that he bas left out doors begins to howl as though there was going to ba a death in the family. Than the beginner begins to realizo that he ia making a sensation, and ho looks out of a crack in the barn towards the house and he sees his mother stand ing on tho porch with her apron over her bead looking at tho barn as though it was on dre, tho hired man, who is pump ing water, Btops with tho pump handle in tho air, and he Bees his father in his jhirt sleevs pick up nn nx handle and ?tart for the barn, spitting on h\a bunda and looking savage. He Bees a neighbor who is driving hy stop his team at the house and ask if there is anybody aick, und be realizes that it is impossible to keep his secret longer, and he cornea down out of the hay mow with bis brass horn under his arm, sheepish, and cou fesses to bis outraged family that he is learning to play a horn so he can join . Llio band. His father tells him he is a blasted fool, but hin mother and his sister take biB part, and argue that it will bo a great honor to have him wear brigadier general's clothes in the band, and the matter is compromised by allowing him Lo practice on his born out ia the south lot, and for a week or two, at Intervals, mournful sounds are heard from that di rection,, and then they suddenly cease, md whon the father finally asks the boy SlOW hs !s prcg????'?g t?b uOru?ol, Lo loua for a fiddle or an scco.deon, and explains by showing his upper i ip, which taswell ad up to twice its natural size, that be is not cut out for playing a wind inti ru ?en t. That horn will be traded all over the neighborhood, and will finally be found ia a garret, jammed out of shape, and the brass band never will bavo passed ?way. Among the greatest failures of the world there are none that are sadder than the fallare of a boy to leam to play l braca horn.-Milwaukee Sun. For tho Boys* Tho writer Ima been a boy on a farm, md also han had boys of his own on tho farm. We know how to appreciate a kind, thoughtful and faithful boy. Bo pooca trouble arid ansis?y v*.5i be saved to tho pare?is who devote their Uvea and Energies for thoir children. So long aa rou uve at home, no matter bow young ar how old, never start on a j< arney, aven if it takes you from home but a few ho;:.-, ..vjtbout telling at bast s'.mo one [>f the family cf your visit or absence. Never be absent .froi? your meale, if it ; san possibly be avoided" uu'.??? *he fami ly are expecting yo? will not rei am to the meal.ia time. Aaa especially nevor be away at night beyond the. appointed sour, as your loving but weary mather may be sitting up through the wary boura of the night for your return. Irv ing parents are always fearing &cmo'-?i?3g .viii happen you. By heedless absence, Kw lat? noars and rW rsrsst?-?- Lsbl?s, iv ii ich may not be immoral cr sinful, you may be wearing cut the lifo and spirits af a parent faster than any ordinary toil. An an old mad who has passed through nearly all of tho vicissitudes of life, we would kindly urge boya who are full of life and spirits, to think, of tho little amenities of life, of courtesy, or confi dence io your parents, and of strict fi delity to your expected return to the household at suitable and seasonable hours. All of the trouble s>.n> \ anxiety of your parents for you are fer /our good, your prosperity, and for your successful march up to manhood and b mor. It ls easy by carelessness and ner.ect to make miserable and shorten tb? lives of those who lave you most, ant* whom you. caa trust ead confide ia above all. others. Theo do not by inattention to your hab its of punctuality in promptly returning to tho household, and io. advising them aa far as possible, in going away, tho probable hour of your return. Try lo Btudy what will make those kind parents happy. And above all establish ia your selves habits of promptness and puoctu aHty.--/ou? iStottr Jicgitlcr. \ |>; r*f-'..i <<**- ' ... . > .. - "Did 70U ?ive Johnny tho medi cino, Mrs. ?rowot" asked tho docjf?c? ..Ob, jes,? doctor," replied the loving mother; and then abe added, innocently, :'aud It don't acorn to fcavo ?ou<i hi tn the least harm." . r-"How is Johnnie dolor at **?t?r$* ar*ed r. Udy of Johnnie'* mimina <luf> are mMilYe?ch or German ?" "Oh. 14 1V ; .