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?jY E. 13. MURKAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING, AUGUST :50, 188:$. VOLUME XIX.-NO. 7 THE COTTON BLOOM COTTON GIN ?OR Lightness of Draft, quality of Lint turned out. and Durability, cannot be sur r passed, if equalled. * The Stationary ?oater, a new invention lor straightening the lint and beat ;.. iut die sand and trash, is now uUuchsd to these Gins without extra charge 7TteSaw9 0f thia Gin are securely fixed on thc steel shaft with a .screw .ind nut so .rjtsdaniagctl saw can be replaced at thc gin-house. ' iYearealsos.de Agents for ?ULLKTT STEEL UKI HM and 1X11111!? (OTTOX GISH. All our Gins arc manufactured hy the Standard Machinery Co jjlntic River, Conn. - .? "?-rite us f.-r prices, tenus, Ac, or call and examine Mock on hand, and bc convinced ?/wfcstwetay, that our (jins, us now improved, stand FIRST IN THE LIST. Agents foi: the Best Cotton Presses in the Market. SORGHU?^ Cane Mills and Evaporators for ?aie. ENGINES, SAW MILLS, &C. r and Leather Belting, Packing, Lace Leather, &c. SULLIVAN * BRO June 28. 1 ?83 UNPERSON CLOTHING STORE. BROCK * MAULDIN. BARGAINS, BARGAINS, BARGAINS. HAVING STILL A LARGE STOCK ON HANI) we will, during remainder of the season, offer our Clothing, Slioes, Hats, AT GREATLY KKDUC1CD PRICES, (Bp We call especial attention to n fine line of BOYS' HATS, aud also a te line of LADIES' CUSTOM MADE SHOES, which we are SELLING AT COST! CALL EARLY AND SECURE A BARGAIN. May 31, 1883 4(3 SPRING OF 1883. RLW UUUUO ! iiLvi rn 11 ca ! TAM PREPARED FOR A ROUSING TRADE! I keep always on hand a .1 FULL STOCK of DRY AND FANCY GOODS, An Immense Stock of Dress Goods of every Description, SILKS, LACE CURTAINS, &c. Give me a call, and I will convince you that I mean business. My motto : (hick sales and small profits. I make a Specialty of Zeigl< r Bros. Fine Slioen. Come one, come all, and examine my stock before buying elsewhere. No hable to show (roods. Will compare prices with any house in tho upcountry. Very respectfully, W. A. CHAPMAN, No. 3 Benson Street, Anderson, 3. O. 39 WHAT IS THIS I HEAP. ? THAT Rave the Best Goods for the Least Money ! RE RAVE JUST RECEIVED A FINE LINE OF SPRING AND SUMMER CLOTHING, |V?d to the wanta of all-Boys, Youths, Young Men und Old. Also, a very flue as P^intof UNDERWEAR-such us Shirts, Drawers, follara and Cravats. Also, a Sjwsorlnient of WORSTED DIAGONALS, SUITINGS. CLOTHS and CASSI SES, which we are prepared to make np in the very latest styles, and will spare no J*w,either in (Jutting or Fitting, that we may thereby please those who will favor us their patronage. Call before purchasing elsewhere and he convinced. &? Pay last year's account and save costs. CLA rv Iv Ac 4_v O. W- DANIELS, Proprietor. ?neo 22. I8N3 3(1_ A NEW AND STYLISH LOT SPRING and SUMMER CLOTHING AT J. P. Sulli van- <te Co.'s. ALPACA COATS, I ALPACA DUSTERS, UNEN COATS, LINEN DUSTERS, A*D SUITS COMPLETE AT TH E.LOW EST PRICES. SHOES. LADIES' und VISSES 8LIITERS, OLD LADIES* LOW CUT, low heeled, broad bottom Shoes. THE BEST SUCAP AND COFFEE Always on hand at the VERY LOWEST Cash prices. Respectfully, ??m.,8? J- g- SPlXlVAir & CQ.,y FERTILIZERS F0R~?888 ! IAM ??ll 8eiiing the well-known brands of Fertilizers and Acid Phosphates, to wit : Eutaw Fertilizer, Excellenza Fertilizer, Yemasaee Fertilizer and ^ Eutaw and Aehepoo Acid Phosphates. CALL AND SEE ME BEFORE B?VINO. *J Stock of General Merchandise is Complete ! Alt...*1*011 a? anlts tUe Wants of the people generally. "v4 on hand FLOUR, BACON. 8UOAR, COFFEE. MOLASSES. *?. PULL STOCK OF DRY ?PODS. NOTION8, SHOES. BOOTS, HATS, CAPS, HARDWARE, CUTLERY. J Jfr c" . " CROCKERY and GLASSWARE, Ac. _ ^?t No 10 Granite Row. w. jr. BARB. ^?ilSsa 32 THF. MILL AM) THE STILL. BY II. II. KANE, M. I?. So staple and universal an article of diet is bread, so important and abundant un article of commerce is grain, and so naturally is the one associated with the other that we scarcely ever give the sub ject of cereals as a source of liquor the consideration that it deserves. To the average individual corn and grain lucan food, and chiefly bread ; and to assert to such a oue that grain is aa great a curse as it is a blessing is almost invariably to call lortb both surprise and indignation. And yet it is true. Cori;, typical of all grain, according to its subsequent treatment, according to the process to which it is subjected, conics forth, from mill or still, a blessing: or p curse - bread or liquor. Both childi en of a common mother, the Cain and Abel of post-cereal life, they differ us essentially in every characteristic as do two human beings; the one bringing health, strength, and happiness to even the humblest homes, the staple food of all nations, the basis of all nourishment ; the other, save in very rare instances and under peculiar circumstances, an unmitigated curse, bearing disease, dishonor, and even death into thousands of homes, bla.-P.ing fair young live-s. blunting every good attri bute of mind and soul, prostituting honor, honesty, and integrity, deadening conscience, inciting to crime, leading lo rags, squalor, and starvation, mantling tho gallows, peopling the poor-house, crowding thu couria, and filling thc prisons. To it may be justly ascribed nine tent is of all crime, suicide, poverty, and prostitution ; from its deadly seed spring idiocy and insanity. Through its agency family tics are sundered, promising lives engulfed in debt and dishonor, friends and ?ecrets ruthlessly betrayed, hopes and ambitions blasted, and God's master piece of creation-man him-elf-made a bloated wreck. In no pen?e a food, alcohol will neither impart nourishment norsustuiu life; but, on the contrary, its use invites, causes, and complicates disease, both organic and functional, poisons the blood and tissues, weakens the muscles, disorders the nervous system, and destroys the mind and faculties. How marked the contrast between the two ? the one in avery sense life-giving, happiness bestowing, body-nourishing ; the other essentially u destroyer ot nil these, whose footsteps are. invariably accompanied by misery, despair, and dishonor. Yet the difference is hut a step-simply one of degree. The flour ed graiu, moistened and kueaded, leav ened with a touch of yeast, commences to ferment. The starch of the Hour, through the agency ol thc yeast, breaks down into alcohol and carbonic acid gas, the latter penetrating every part of tho loaf, and making it light and spongy. Then comes the bent of the oven just at the proper moment, killing the yeast germs, putting a sudden stop to all fer mentation, and giviug us the browu and fragrant loaves of bread. Huge tanks aud vals in which thou sands of bushels of grain are snaking. The same leaving of the mass, the samo fermentation anti breaking down of the starch into carbonic acid and alcohol, but so treated and favored that the latter is yielded in the largest possible amount. No i rsi raining baud of heat to limit the process at the point where food ends and liquor begins, but every endeavor made to obtain tho latter. Then the gaping maw of the still, and the serpentine coil pouring forth its steady stream of liquor, man's worst enemy. Liquor is simply r>ue step beyond bread in tho same chem ical process, yet how widely, terribly diflereut in their etfecis upon man ! "I was made to tic raten, and not to be drank ; To be busked la a baru. Dot soaked in a tank. 1 rome us a birthing wheu put in a mill, As a bliebt and a curse n hen run through a ?tin. Make mc up iuto loaves, and your children arc fed ; Rut into a drink, I will starve them Instead. ) n bread I'm a servant the eater shall rula -, lu drink I'm a master, the drinker a Tool. Then remember my warning-tay strength I'll If eateu to strengthen, if drank to dc M ruy." The Bubjcct under discussion is a very wide oue. Not only must we con sider tbe evil that liquor does, but the waste of all the millions ot bushels of good graiu that would otherwise be made into food lust it tates tu feed the stiiis and produce the alcohol, or tbe thousands of acres of fertile laud devoted to ita cultivation that might be far better used in raising other foods ?T thc demand for alcohol (liquor) did not exist. To how many destitute men and women and cheerless homes would their products yield plenty and happiness ! Ecouoruieally, wu must consider the millions of wasted lives, tbe impoverish ed, beggared, and starviog families, tho resulting crime, and the army of pau pers, lunatics, and criminals, the heavy taxation that is required to suppurt the prisons, hospitals, lunatic asylums, and almshouses, us well us the fact that the wages and the results of the industry of j all these inebriates are lost to us, and tbat, were they steady, sober, industrious men, would be adding lo general trade and prosperity. Hie sum thus lost and thus expended in restraining ami provi ding for these individuals is enormous, aggregating billions yearly. j Who I hat han looked over tho acres of j ripening grain, the stacks of golden corn, ; thc sheeted white nf the barley fields ; who that has watched the sturdy harves ters, the lusty, healthy reapers shearing Mother Earth of her bounteous crops ; who that has joined in the festivities of j a "husking be?"-can for a moment hes itate as lo which is thc proper destina tion of the grain, the mill or the still ? How liku sacrilege it seems lo ibrow such rich aud golden products, capable of yielding so much strength and heulth and nourishment, into the yawning mouth of the ?till, toc?me forth a poison and a destroyer ! From the quaint old mill, with its, whirring stones, its mossy wheel, and its swiftly flowing stream, it passes to the ends of the earth, carrying health, strength, growth, and nourishment to old and young, rich and poor-to all a blessing, to none a curso. The hungry laborer, the poor beggar, the chubby faced golden-haired toddler with his huge slice and buttered fingers, the wealthy banker aud the houseless tramp, all welcome aud appreciate it. The cooling rain, the bright, cheerio sunshine, tho fertile fields, tbe grateful dew, the busy hum of insect life, the fragrance of tbe wild flower, tho carol of tbi 'obin, the melody of the bsrvester. tl e creak and plash of tbe old mill-wheel -ay, even the happy smile on the mill er's face-each yields its mite to nature s j ever-recurring gift, that great blessing, crowned iu the loaf, that season by season tells the tale of "Peace on earth, good will to mao." Not ao the product of the still : a deep, awi ft, and treacherous stream, dank with the chill of wasted lives, tainted and ealled by the hopes and ambitions it has wrecked and the ties it hu luodered, poisoned by the crime and lu?t of ita victims, foul with the OOM of treacherous deeds, and clogged with clinging weeds of temptation, ever ready to engulf and swamp the thoughtleas OT unwary ; flow ing swiftly and reeistlcssly onward lo but ' one end, destruction ; engulfing hope, happiness, and strength ; making parents childless and children orphans ; manning the gallows and filling thc prisons ; sap ' ping strength, individual and national, and sweeping thousands ol good resolu tions before its resistless current ; marshy and treacherous its banks, where idiocy, lunacy, and crime llourish like rank , weeds. How chameleon-like in its aspects! At first how joyous and tempting in its many alluremeutH to both youth and ' age ; how bright and fascinating in its ! promise ol" forbidden pleasure and joys anticipated ; bow apparently small and insignificant as it winds its way iu and I out of the eveuts of daily lile ; how j cheerful in its frothing, foaming conviv? ality; how green tho fields, luxuriant the shade, and tropically magnificent the I flowers that deck its banks; how easy I the sailing, how unheeded the ripples of warning against the prow, or tho wrecks j of other lives as they float hopelessly ; hy ! With what reckless hilarity and aban 'OH the pleasure parties glide along its smooth bosom, unmindful of how swiftly the shores are receding, and bow near thc gloom and despair that are slowly settling over them ! Then, the first froth of joy gone, and with the terrible consequences oftheir action staring them full in the face, they awake to a realiza tion of their dreadful fate, and with trembling hands endeavor to steer for land. Too late: already the ill-omened nightmare birds of deb:, dishonor, and disgrace porch upon and rend the frail bane, whose thin boards alone separate them from thc now foaming waters be neath. Then is the terrible force and swiftness of the current realized ; thou it is that hopes aud promises and good resolutions so often fail to turu the doomed craft from its course ; then, loo late, that ibo foulness and pollution of the stream are seen ; then that the sluring and ghastly faces of dead and-gone hope, happiness, and ambition, dropping astern, are lost to sig'il forever. The banks no longer green aud luxuriant, but brown and scorched; the air hot and sulphurous; thirst intense, craving, dominant ; delir ium imminent; the joys no longer joys, tho pleasures now become burdens. No longer the little rippling stream that the wold "no" might al any moment turn from its course, but tho angry, seething, troubled sen of drunkenness, tho black clouds of despair, and the sullen roar o! thc mighty breakers ol crime, disease, or dishonor,against which sri many once promising lives have been dashed and hopelessly wrecked, and whose ghastly skeletons, strewing the beach or stranded high upon ihe shore tell sad tales of misery, despair, neglect and destitution. Oh, for a breath of the cool field? where the golden grain is ripening ! Uh for a draught from thc crystal stroan llial moves the miller's wheel l-Ifarjter% Weekly. Aerial Navigation Again. A certificate of incorporation has beet filed in the oflice of tho Secretary o j State of Illinois for the "Aerial N?vi gat ion Company of Chicago," the objee of the incorporators being, according li the pupers submitted, "the transportalioi of passengers and freight through th air." It is said thal the machines to bi manufactured by their company are i perfection of the one tested at Hartford Conn., several years ugo. Thin probabi; relers to several trials of a balloon madi by E. F. Mitchel, of Bridgeport, Conn who exhibited in Hartford in June, 187? a balloon with propelling apparatus at tached, by which the upward and down ward movements of the balloon eoul< be governed and by which, in calr weather, its course could be directed The balloon in question was a horizon tal cylinder of Hilk, twelve feet long am twenty-four inches diameter capable o containing about 3,000 feet of gns. Sut pended lo il by cords and steel rods wa a fiat frarne ol bras? pipe, pointed ateac end, and, having a seat for the operatoi In trout of the seat was a gear whet with two cranks, connected by a vertica shaft to two propeller wheels, ono ut th lower end ot the vertical shaft under th frame, and the other in front of the opt rator, and this wheel was attached to th shaft by a universal joint so that it cou I be turned a distance of about tbirl degrees from the shaft in a horizonu plane by the feet of the aeronaut. Thi wheol was the propelling power and als the steering device. The levitatin j power of the balloon was barely sufi cient to raise the apparatus and its Inai I thc- vertical propeller assisting if a rapi rise was desired, and bringing the ba loon down without emitting any of lb gas. Atone trial, on a calm day, tl balloon rose from thc baseball grount at Colt's Meadows, Hartford, paved ovi Colt's factory, and nearly over the du neciicut Uiver, turned about and re tu ri C-d, descending to the ground at tl place from which it started, the distauc being probably half a mile and ret ur the balloon's height after rising from lt) earth varying from 800 to 400 feet, < Hier*about. At another trial, on ll succeeding day, with quite a stiff bree: bl. wing the atronaut was unable to tm his balloon ar.mud, or to stein the win und was torced a distance of nearly nil miles, when he descended and cunio bat with his balloon by carriage. Bul < this occasion he descended once on h trip to lue dooryard of a tanner, procu ed a glass of water from the well ai rose again, hoping lo make a return tri No accurate test was ever made of tl pto,it liing or luting power ot thu tv fans, but they were sufficient, a. provt by repeated experiments, lo raise low and ?teer the balloon except in a strut wind, the operator rotating the cranks the rale of 100 revolutions per minul producing, by means pinions, a revolt tiou of the fans of ;}/>00 turns per mi nu1 It is evident that inventors will co tinue to woik at the problem of ac ri navigation undeterred by ridicule ai countless failures, the more especial that science does not declare the drea of such inventors a hopeless one by ai means. The whole question resolv itself into one of how to pack power a small space. Most inventor* start o by taking the bird as a model and et by constructing au artificial hird havii the size and weight of an ostrich wi the power of a chicken. Witb new too however, new achievements are posai b Those persons who believe that the ne century will see no great discover because there will be nothing in ni.tr to discover, are very wide of the mai On the contrary, man ought no- to more wonderful things than ever becat be has the powerful aids of steam a electricity to help him. Tbe storage b tory, for instance, may be the power which the aerial navigator bas be waiting, and if the battery proves to too heavy to carry along, perhaps t Kower may be conducted to the ballci y a fine wire trailing behind and der ing its current from the engines on t ground. He must be a rash man vi can say that the inventora in quest o practical aerial machine are wasting tl time. Columbia Items. Coi.i/MitiA, August 21.-Negotiations for the purchase of Hell Hole Swamp have been in progress tor some time be tween Mr. Renfrey, a civil engineer, ami ! tho commissioners of the sinking fund. Mr. Renfrey offered $10,000 for about 17,000 acres of this land, much of which is under water and most of which is unlit lor tillage without thorough drain ing. His oiler, which has been accepted by the sinking fund commissioners, is to make payment in three annual instal ments-the first in^.. Intent to bo paid in October next, the hillanco nf the pur chase money to draw iuterest until paid at 7 per cent. The land thus sold forms part of that purchase by the infamous land commis sion in the days ol Republican suprema cy. Il belongs to the ?State, and iii ita present condition is entirely useless. It cannot ho drained except at heavy cost, and it is quite certain that the State would not undertnke such an enterprise. Mr. Renfrey represents largo capitalists, who propose to drain the land. If the scheme succeeds 17,000 acres will be added to the producing power of the State, that land which is now useless and unprofitable will become a source of rev enue. If it fails the Slate will lose nothing. It is stated (lint to drain thc water from this land will cost something like $100,000. HUMOUS OF RAILWAY ENTERPRISE. Iain informed-not officially, hut cred* I ibly-that it i? the Intention ol the Wil mington, Columbia and Augusta Railroad authorities to put their line in still better condition for competing advantageously with other routes for the through passen ger business, North nnd South. The report is thal in order to save time turn outs five milee long will be built at two or three points on tho road, enabling through passenger tiains to pass each other al good speed without Mopping; that at water stations two tanks will be used, one on each side of the Btution, so that water may be taken while passen gers gel on and ntl' at the depots, and that three new engines aro to be bought, which will he the largest and most pow erful in thu Stale. Il is further said that the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta Railroad is also considering comp?tition for thc Florida travel hy laying tho remainder of tho road willi steel rails and running through trains in connection with the Georgia Ceutr.il Railroad to Savannah. The Columbia and Greenville Railroad authorities are about to rabe for adi? tatico of one mile a section of track near romarin five feet higher than it now is, for the reason that thc pr?tent lownes? renders it subject lo frequent "washing" in wet weather. A special construction train will work at Ibis improvement for one month. The railroads have done well this year, and il is to be hoped that these pleasant predictions will be real ir. ed. It is reported that G. R. Talcott. per intendent of the Charlotte, Colu.i.ui and Augusta Road, ivill probably be appointed superintendent of the Colum bia and Greenville Road, filling the va cuuey caused by the resignation of Mr. Fry. TUB SEW TELEGRAPH I.I MK, Au officer of the Southern Telegraph Company now in Columbia says that the lines just buill and about to bc built hy his Company in North and Souih Carol! na and Georgia ..re as follows : From Danville to Charlotte, from Charlotte lu Columbia, from Columbia lo Charleston, from Columbia to Augusta, from Augus ta io Savannah via Millen, from Milleu to Macon, and from Macon to Atlanta. These are tho preliminary lines of the system. Of course others will diverge from them ns soon as possibly and tup all i m portant ton ns. Iiis expected to reach New Orleans via Albany, Ga., aud Mo bile early next spring, and lines from Lynchburg to Nashville will soon cnn nect willi a system of wires in the Mis sissippi Valley Slates. As to the progress of the line in South Carolina it is said th ut polen and wires have been put up from Charleston to Summerville, by one gang of laborers, while another gang starts to morrow at Branchville to wn"k toward Columbia. Next week another gang will start at Branchville and work toward '.'hurl est on. and a fourth wilt siart hence for Branchville. The line is up on the Charlotte Road as far as Che* ter. By September loth lines will be working from Columbia to Charleston nnd northward. On the South Carolina Road offices will be opened at Orange burg aud Summerville, and on the Charlotte Road at Chester and Winns* boro'. AN EMPTY GUN AGAIN'. Au accident occurred jiiHt outside thc city, near the Asylum, last evening at du?k, which was known lo but few persons in Columbia until this morning. Two lads, sous of Messrs. J. M. Smith and J. W. Oliver, had been out shooting night hawk*. In returning they amused themselves bv snapping caps ut each other, beiiev?ng their guns to be empty. Young Smith's double barrelled gun bad one long unused lock which was suppus ed to he broken and had not been Used for a year. He placed a cap un this und snapped it. An unsuspected charge was fired, and young Oliver was struck in the left fido of the rieck. His check nnd neck were lacerated and bia jawbone shattered. The jugular vein was barely missed. Assistance was obtained. CO LUM II IA'8 COTTON'. The cotton receipts of Columbia up tu the ebne of last week were 38 498 bales ngamal ?2.431 for the corresponding tie rind? of bi-I year, au increase of 10,007 hales. Columbia is gaining as a cotton market, and the large receipts here have ieveloped enterprise in buying. Our buyers uow go far un the railroads cnn verging here and buy a great deal of cotton wbicb, being shipped direct tn the ports, is not counted in the above statement. Charleston will probably get s larger proportion of Columbia cotton luring the comingseasou than for roany vears previously. Several buyers pro poso to ship largely to that port. Norfolk is Charleston's main competitor here, the freight rates to the former being relative ly much lower than to the latter.- Co lumbia Correspondence New? and Courier. - A Mississippi Senator, Mr. George, Evorks in tho field with bis son. - Gen. Grant does not like to travel m Sunday if he can help it. The other lay Gen. Porter telegraphed to him in the Catskill Mountains that a director's sar was at his disposal for a trip to Long Branch on Sunday. Gen. Grant politely iecltaed it, saying : "I always tried not to travel on Sunday when I held office, ind there does not seora to be aoy reas onable excuse for it now." GIVES UP RY DOCTORS.-"Is it possi ble that Mr. Godfrey ia up and at work, lod cured by so simple a remedy?" "I assure you it is true that he is en tirely cured, and with nothing but Hop Bitters ; and only ten days ago bis doc tors gave him np and said he must die !" "Well a dayl That's remarkable! I will go this day and get some for my potrr George-I know hop's are gotfd." ?low lo (?uard Against tho Effects of Drought Is a question of tho greatest practical importance t<> thc farmer of Georgia. It is a matter of frequent remark- by men of forty and fifty years' experience in farm- j ing," that the crops are more frequently j injured by dry weather than formerly. It lias even been asserted that thc nunn- i al rainfall is growing less aud that j drouths are ot more frequent occurrence during the past few years. Tho records, j however, do not sustain this assertion, i It is doubtless true that drouths are more hurtful and disastrous in their effects on 1 crops. The great drought of 1815 has long been a standard of comparison, a sort of epoch with old farmers when speaking of the subject. That was n drought of long duration, extending from the early spring until the middle of July, and over tho whole country. Wc have bad many equally damaging though less extensive dry spells since that time. Several correspondents in their "notes" remark that tho present drought has been more disastrous to crops than any of equal duration within their memory. Forty years ago it was of comparativo' ly rare occurrence for the cotton crop to suffer injury from want nf rain. Such a causalty was not ordinarily anticipated or dreaded. These considerations and facts impel to tho conclusion that under the present condition of agriculture drouths are more to bo feared than formerly. They are more damaging in proportion to du ration. Thero is but ono solution which will account for this diflerenco in the effects of dry weather now ?ml a genera tion or more ago. lt is undoubtedly due to the steady and constant decreaso in the amount of humus or vegetable matter in the soil. Not only is the depth of soil reduced and therefore is volumetric ca? pacify for moisture diminished, but its hydromel ric character is changed, so thal a given bulk of soil will absorb and retain within its pores less moisture. The ob vious cure tor this condition of the soil is the restoration, by some practical means, of the humus mid at tue same limo to increase tho depth and improve the mechanical condition of the upper soil. This may be done first hy the use of largo quantities of stable manure properly composted. This process, how ever, 'S necessarily limited by the amount of manure available, and in the present condition of live stock husbandry the limit is soon reached. The second method, and the one that is most promptly available, is the growing of small grain more largely, the use of pea vines, clover, and other similar renovat ing crops, deep plowing in tho prepara tion of our lands and level culture. The first method, involving the increase of the number of stock and more attention to stock feeding and dairying, will nee e.-sari'y bo slow of results. It will bo ace:' lat tho two methods '.dovetail" i" -are complimentary of each . ur system of funning-putting er portion of our lands in crops (corn and cotton) m ant stirring of the soil mid its exp? iure to the fierce Hummer heats and the leaching rains of wittier and spring has greatly accelerated ihe loss of humus and Holuble matters, and al the same time prevented their restoration. Tho land, under such a system,ha? no timoor opportunity for self-recuperation. Tho remedy, then, is a resort to a more diver sified farming, und especially in ihe di ree lion of stock growing i.ud increasing the ureas in small grain, grasses, peas and clover. Thc old saying, "No slock, no manure ; no manure, no grass; uo stock," is just us true now us when first uttered. ECONOMY OF SUPPLIES. In the present condition of farmers in a large portion of the State, they hardly need to be advised tn practice n snving economy in the usc of the supplies on hand and make provision to anticipate the dearth of grain and forage, which will otherwise bc likely to occur next spring. The first object should be lo save with caro everything that can be made available as food for mun and beast, while at all times the utmost economy consistent with the health and thrift of farm animals should bo practic ed. Tho old corn mid other grain and forage should be made to last us long ns possible, and by all mear:^ the drafts upon the sufficient new crop should be postponed to the lust moment. To do this requires judgment and discrimina tion. Fattening and growing animals must on no account be neglected or stinted. It is false economy to*kill half fattened pork, or to put on short allow ance t'ne growing animals and milch cows. i';istures, an they spring into re newed growth from the rains which will soon come, should be utilised to the ut most. Waste places about the creeks und branches should be made to yield their quotu of supplies in the form ol buy or pasturage to help meet the emer gency. It is yet timely to sow peas, tur nips, millet and other quick growing for age crops for hay or for ensilage. It is fortunate that we can at this juncture, relv with confidence upon the oui crop and make it supplement the ?hort supplies. The larire yield of the ln?t crop givt-s ao abundance of seed for fall Mowing, and there i* but little occa sion to purchase cum next spring if a liberal area of outs be ?own with proper care and at tho riifht t i III*?. W* ? I lt proper economy in the use of supplies now on hand, and prompt attention to sowing small grain, there is no occasion for gloom or despondency umnng farmers - July Report Ueonjia Department of Agri cultura. Kelly and ??The Old Ticket." CHICAGO, III., August ID, 1883.-Mr. M. K. McGrath, of Jefferson City, Mo., has received the following letter from John Kelley : NEW YORK, August 14, 1883. My Dear Sir: I have to acknowledge the receipt of yours of the 3rd inst., con taining two newspaper clippings relative to the Presidential canvass. Permit me to thank you for your disposition to as sist me. In my opinion we should not be too decided in our opinion- relative to thc canvass. We should nominate those who are most available and popular with the people, and whose records can stand the test nf the investigation. If the old ticket should be nominated the question for us to decide in our best judgment is whether we could succeed or not. So far as right is concerned men ought to act on their convictions of right and blot out the disgraceful record that our oppo nents made against us in 1877 in Con gress. There have been published in the Eastern papers articles headed "Histori cal Justice/' This probably means that the old ticket should be nominated. Should it be nominated it will be sup ported with aa much vigor and effort as tbat made in 1870 by us. I am, very truly yours. JOHN KELLY. - If a long Branch correspondent is to be believed they are wearing very ecol dresses at that popular resort thia sea-1 son : He says : "Not bing but coral ' necklaces can be seen upon society belicia thia season." WILD WESTERN WINOS. Terrll>i<i Ot-ntrucilou by ii Cyclone In .Min nesota. Sr. PAUL, MINX., August 22.-A dis nut rous cyclone raged at Rochester, Minn., lau night. Twenty-lour persona arc reported to have been killed and ; ti ft y or moro injured. It is also rumored j thal a train waa blown from tho track, but no particulars have been received, j Passengers from < (waltanna state that twenty* ti ve persona were killed in the j i railroad accident. Thirty-five of tho j ? injured were takcu to tho hospital at j I Owuttnnna. Tho mayor of Rochester telegraphs for assistance, stating that twenty-live persons were killed and about iorty injund. One-third of that town is a compl?t? wreck. It is believed, from all reports thal havo como in, that tlio whole country surrounding Roches ter is in ruins. Thc killed may reach into thc hundreds. WINONA, MINN., August 22.-At 7 o'clock last evening u cyclone ?truck the northern part of the City of Rochester lying north of tho railroad track and made ti clean sweep of elevators, resi dences, railrond engine houses aud other property. The long railroad bridgo was completely demolished. Major Whit tier telegraphs that twenty-four pe ranna were k i Hud nnd forty wounded. The city is in need of clothing, food and j other assistance. Superintendent San ' born, of tho Winona and St. Peter Rail* ! way, lelcgrapba that tho Hst ot killed and wounded is hourly increasing. The prostration of tho telegrnph Hues baa made il difficult to get particular?. Tho storm swept through the towns of Uticu and St. Charles, in Winona County. I Job Thornton was killed uud several others wero injured. Reports from Dodge County indicate that tho storm canned much damage and some loss of life in that County. No particulars tire yet obtainable. Mayor Ludwig, of Winona, with a corps of surgeons, left for Rochester this morning. ST. PAUL., AtigUBt 22.--M. Cole, pro prietor of the Zainbrota mills, nt Zam brota, was instantly killed. Ile was in oue of tho mills when the storm struck the town mid wrecked tho building. Governor Hubbard has sent $o,000 to aid ihe stitrerers. Governor Hubbard has received word from Rochester staling that the town is in ruins, ami that forty persons have been kiiled. Ii is Impossible to get full details of thu ravages of the storm as the telegraphic wires are all down. Tho storm iu other directions was severe. OwATTONXA, MINN., August 22. Telegraphic advices received lien? early this morning give meagre details of n ICIriblo accident between Rochester and /.umbrala, Minn., un the Rochester and Northern Division of thc Chicago und Northwestern Railrond by which about one hundred persons were killed or in jured. Owing la the interruption of tho telegraphic service at Rochester no in formation could bu obtained until ihe arrival of a train from tho scene of the disaster on which were thirty-five per sons who had been injured in thc accident. Ol this number many appeared lo be seriously hurl, and u!l were takcu to tho hospital. Tho train that was wrecked was that which leave? Rochester at about 4 o'clock p. m., arriving at Zumbrata at ti o'clock. It was caught la a severe wind aud hail morin that prevailed in thal vicinity bclween 4 and G o'clock, und while running at a high rate of speed was lifted from tho rails and con verted into u mass of ruina. Gentlemen who have bceu to tho scene of the disas ter describe it ?a ono cf the most horri fying railroad accident* they ever wit neaaed. Every car in tho train waa n completo wreck and was almost literally shuttered to pieces by the sudden atop caused by the train 'eaving the rails, burying ihe unfortunate passengers be neath thc debris, killing many und in juring nearly every person on the train. The gentlemen stated that nine dead bodies had been taken from tho ruins aud that a large number of those seri ously injured had bee?? removed to Ito chester and O waitoona. At the time he left the work of extricating the unfortu nate victims was still progressing, aud ii was believed that the number of killed would reach a score when thc- fina! sum ming up waa made. Trying to Swallow a Cat. Thu Atlanta Const ititi ion of the 10th inst, says : "Mrs. Wurd lives with and tukescare of Mrs. Ashley, who is par tially deranged. Day before yesterduy Mrs. Ward heard the shrill angry cry of a cal proceeding from Mrs. Ashley's room. At first abo paid but little atten tion io it, but finally the cat's cries became HO frequent and loud that Mrs. Ward entered Mrs. Ashley's room to as certain the cause. As she opened the door a sight that struck terror and amaze ment to her heart mot her gHze. There, iu the middle of the room, sat Mrs. Ashley. In her hands she held the hind legs of a cat, while its head waa in her mouth. The cat's cries und struggles indicated clearly that it was an unwilling prisoner, anti ii was also apparent thai Mrs. A-hley fi rm ly intended swallowing the. iiii-ni ber ol the telintftribe which she held in her bunds and mouth. At first Mrs. Wurd could not see what Mrs. Ashley was trying to do, but as she con tinued tilling her mouth with moro of the cat's Lead and neck at each opening of her jaw?, her intention became up na relli. H orri bed ut what she saw, Mrs. Wurd grabbed the cat and attempted to take it from Mrs. Ashley but Mra. Ash ley had made up her mind and declined to relinquish her grip on the cat, and it wus not until the luckless quadruped hud been nearly pulled in two that she gave it up." Decidedly Cool, An Arkansas volunteer in tho Mexi can war, riding on horseback, came across an Illinoisan wbo told him he waa wounded, and asked to be taken up and conveyed out of danger. Arkansas placed him on behind his saddle, aud fastened him to himself with a leather strap. While they were battening from danger, a grape shot took Illinois head off, but Arkansas thought he bad only fainted from fatigue and pain. When a safe place was arrived at, the horseman re leased bis charge, and seeing bia head was gone, exclaimed: "These Illtnoisians are the greatest liars. Here's a rascal with bis head cut off, when he told me he was only shot in the leg. You can't believe a word these fellows say I"-War Notes. - A man who was demonstrating to a crow tbat there was no such thing aa hydrophobia, waa the first to climb up a barber's pole when a small yellow dog came rushing down the street. - A Syracuse soda fountain exploded the other day, breaking a young mao's leg and his jaw. We have always tried to impress the female mind with the fact that the blamed things were loaded. Physicians prescribe Brown's Iron Bitters for indigestion, weakness, lew ?pirita, etc L'iidiie Speculation. Since thc civil wai- there has crown up in thia country enormous speculative dealings in cotton, grain, provision?, pe troleum, and oilier articles of commercial consumption. For every one bushel of wheat actually grown there are probably two hundred bushels dealt in. This trading takes the form of bets on the fu turo price of the article, tho better set tling tho difference of the quoted market value when the contract expires. Now, dealing in options ia not in itself immor al ; indeed, it is indispensable in ilia transactions of modern commerce. Tho cotton planter in tho South rarely has money of his own. He is forced to bor row in order to buy seed or hire labor to work his cotton plant. Thia he does by selling a contract to deliver a certain quantity of cotton eight or ten months ahead. Then tho Lowell manufacturer or the Manchester spinner, to insuie himself a full Hupply of cotton at a low price, purchases tho option of receiving tho cotton often a year ahead from dato. All this is speculation, but it is perfectly legitimate, and serves a useful purpose. But hero step in tho great sp?culative gamblers, nnd they sell, or agree to re ceive, whnt has aptly been termed "phantom" cotton, that is nn option to buy or sell that article at a definite figure In" the Now York market the actual amount of cotton handled does not much exceed 500.000 bales per annum, but on the Exchange the sides annually amount to over 35,000,000 bales. Only once in our history has over 7,000,000 bales been 8row ii in tim country. The speculation oes not really enhance tho price of tho cotton permanently, although it occa sionally brings about "cornera" iu cer tain months. Take the year through, it is Bupply and demand, production and consumption, uot speculation, which de termines the market value of cotton. Thia illustration, drawn from that fiber, is also true of grain and provisions, as well os petroleum. In the month of May last, in New York, 330,000,000 barrels of petroleum were dealt in speculatively. Yet thc total production of ?oal oil since first discovered would not reach that enormous figure. Chicago, however, is the great headquarters for tho specula tion in food products. Millions of bush els of corn, wheat, and oats ore traded in, where not moro than a hundred bushels are actually handled. "Corners" are tho natural result of thL wild dealing, which frequently results in the ruin of tho cornerers. A person named Geogh undertook to "corner" all the lard of the country, that is to say, to artificially enhance ila value. Ho was ruined in tho attompt, ns he deserved to be. His operations were BO gigantic that bis fall produced a partial punic in the wheat and provision markets, and even affected the stock exchange. While these spec ulative dealings do not on the whole udvance the price of food, they give birth to many evils. They lock up mon ey which could bo more productively employed in general business, while they tempt our whole mercantile community to become gamblers. The great exchan ges ot thc country have become convert ed into huge faro bunks, where business men bet their money, not, indeed, on carda, but on tho price of the products in which they are interested. Congross ought to tax speculative sales, and pub lic opinion should everywhere frown upon thus.- intrinsically illegitimate and im moral transactions.-f?rotn Demorcst'a Monthly for August. How Ant? Bury their Dead. It is the general habit among many species of nut? to bury the dead very carefully. The following; interesting account is given by un Australian obser ver : "I saw a large number of ants sur rounding the dead ones, and determmed to watch their proceedings closely. Four or five started off from the rest toward a hillock a short distance away, in which was an ant's nest. This they entered, and in about five minutes they reappear ed, followed by the others. All fell into rank, walking regularly aud slowly twe by two, until they arrived at the spot where lay the Boldier ants. In a few minutes two of the ants advanced and took up the dc-ad body of cue of their com rudes, then two others, and so OD until al! were ready to march. First walked two ants bearing a body, then two without a burden ; then two others with another dead ant, and so on, until tho Hue WAS extended to about forty pairs, and the procession now moved slowly onward, followed by an irregular body of about 200 ants. Occasionally the two laden ants stopped, and, laying down the dead ant, it waa taken up by tho two walking unburdened behind thom, and thus, by occasionally relieving each other, they arrived at a sandy spot near the sea. The body of ants . now commenced digging with their -jaws a number of boles in the ground, into each of which a dead ant was laid, when they wore carefully covered over. This did uot quite finish the remarkable circumstances attending the funeral of the ants. 8ome six or seven of the ants hud attempted to run off without per forming their share of thu task of dig ging ; these were caught and brought back, when they were at once attacked by the body nf ants and killed. A single grave waa quickly dug, and they were all dropped into it. Recognized as a Liar. Uucle Hank Allen.waa perhaps the smoothest and most accomplished liar in Central New York. Why, the ubi man's lies were so smooth, so artistic, that, while listening to them, you imagined vou was listening to Elder Cleveland's Bible stories. One day thoy were all talkiug^about potato-bugs in uncle Hank's grocery, which was a sort of village farmer'a club. Old Hank scratched his head, thought fully and remarked : "Gentlemen, you don't any of you appear to know anything about the ravenous nature of them potater-bngs. You may call me a liar, but I've had potater bugs walk right into my kitchen and yauk red-hot potatoes right out of the oven. Waiting around the. pouter pa tc b fo r the second crop 1" exclaimed Old Hank with a 'sneer. "Waiting? Why confound your cyo-i, I was up at Town send's ?tore yesterday, and I saw potater bugs np there looking over Townsend's books to see who had bough t seed po ta te rs for next year. X did, ny gosh I'1 The whole grocery waa still whan Uncle Hank finished. Yea could have heard a pin drop. Finally a long, lean man from Woodman's Poad raised him self up near the door. He waa evident ly a new-comer, and was not acquainted arith Mr. Allen. Pointing bia fong fin ger at Uncle Hank, be exclaimed : "You aron liar!" Uncle Hank looked over bia glaoses at the stranger long and earnestly. Thou folding out his hand he inquired with a puzzled look : "When did yon get acquainted with ?ne ?" - Every man is religiously inclined t/hen on his knees.