University of South Carolina Libraries
?Y E. li- MURRAY & CO. WHAT WE SHOULD EAT. add variety lo tho A\ot -ANDERSON, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING, MARCH 307?88?7 VOT.TTMT7. YVTT_\rn QT I * .mc l'a?- ?J ?peP?1? Hn<1 ,m ,:nr,3 H Grave, B g Baruch, of Nev York, formerly ?HI!!' ' .'i.,, S. C., furnishes thc State ff!Tof HfftUli, of this State, of whicl Br he i< ft? honorary member and ex HP ,i ,nl a very valuahle article on tin Er* i"J I'reventiou of Liver Com Bm 80????lhe r,,raI flnd ,aborinK pop Hf. n0f South Carolina," which tho; BaB'.".",. ;" their recent report for ISSI Bre iJ ?> nmch trUlh hl What thl HHf j JJ D_ -ays, that we cannot rc from giving >? ?ood Port?on of EB,!, nublifhy through our columns Hg,, bone that it may have the dice HScarrving conviction to the minds o ? reader, and of hringing ahout i Boge in their food and the manner o ^?preparation. After an elahorate in BBductiou, tho Doctor says : ? bold as tho result of close study c HUj?ct, that the chief causes o dys R.ia or as it is falsely called, 'live iRnlaint'/' among laboring men are: Hfi.t. Improper food. Std Improper preparation of ?ood. Bd RaPid eating. HWbatisthe object of food? Jo suf ^Hn life and maintain the heat-produc B force generating, and nutritivo furn BK'; of the body. These various fune BDS must be greatly modified by th HBroundings of the person. Heneo ma Sa, he en taught by experience and ot Bvation to choose such articles of die Bwould best conduce to the proper au Balthful performance of his functioni Win warm climates, viz., from 30? to 3? H each side of the equator, vegetabl Hfcd lo somc RDilP? predominates as th Kncipal food of tho people. As we g Bflyoud these latitudes, we find that tli BoportioD of animal food is incrcasc< BBlil we reach the frigid zones, and bei Mfind people subsisting chiefly ou fisl ? What is the diet . f the laboring me Bl the South? Dr. liell says that "oi Wen in America consume as much animi Hu in a day as would support thr< Bwring men in Europe. A man at ha Hst time consumes in three meals : Buch nutriment aa would constitute IUJ Sinus living for eight East Indians < Hiinese." The bill of fare of the ave Be Southern laborer, is '"Hog and Hon By"sometimes aided by collards. Tl ?meness of this diet of Dread ai; J mei ^objectionable ; while the laboring m;i n health relishes his food at all time SH body cannot be maintained in a big Hgree of integrity by a diet so devoid i Briely. Especially obnoxious is tl Beat consumption of salted and smoke Heat. Science teaches that the proce H salting diminishes the nutritive vail H all meats. It has been demonstrate Hat a large proportion of the nutriei Hementa of pickled meat is found in tl Hit or its solution. "Not only docs tl Hntraction," says Dr. Parry, "which ei Hes, cause the infiltrating liquid to 1 Riven out, but tho liquefied salt tem ?Arther to draw out its diffusible organ mid saline constituents." Tho gre Hemist, Liebig, to whom agricultu Hes so much, estimates the loss of n Htive value us amounting to one-ba Hoakiog salted meats," he says, "r Bores its saltness, but cannot of cour ?store the nutritive principles that ha Hen lost. From experience it has bei BUQd that salted and dried meat cann He used continuously for a lengthem Kriod, without impairing the health ?bink of it, you not only pay /or t Weight of the salt in the meat, but you a mlutely pay the sall for stealing away or mal/ oj the nutritive value of the meat. B This is a subject for gravo consider Son, and we may well ponder over ?nd seek a remedy. Tbcie is no spec fction, no guess work, in the matter, ?ave stated the result of actual expe ?tnt by the most competeut chemist he age, and by a man who has saved t armer millions by his suggestions. I? o be wondered at, that the peasantry he South canuot compare favorably wi he peasantry of other civilized countr n physical development and robust s learance, when we find that one-half be food tho former eat is worthless, ir as its nutritive qualities go ? Now, what is the remedy ? It may leid hy some that salted meat ia ibsolute necessity, that it is cheap, cc renient, easily cooked, and quickly eati ? - do not pretend to advise tho ent ibohtion of salted meats. On the ct rary, m an element of a mixed di ?hich, I hold, is essential to tho p ervation of health, it holdB an importi .A\ * Srant 'hat it is a convenh nod, but I deny that it is cheap, in co ?anson with fresh meat, eggs, cheese a ither articles, which furnish, for I limo price, a larger amount of absol Mntive substance. That its capability wog easily cocked and ruickly eaten m advantage, I will endeavor todispn n another portion of thia paper. .Nor is it an absolute necessity to < people to depend upon salted meats their chief diet. The Bheep and gc kp-'Cially the latter, can be reared i ?antageously in all parts of the Sou ?na beef also, by concert of action, ?ade a frequent article of food by i aera. The pig also furnishes a wht ?me food, when thoroughly cooked i ?mbined with vegetables. Mutton, 1 'eel, pork and poultry should abound mr bouthern farms, not alone supply: ie latter, but also furnishing the toy cities a goodly stock of suBtenac *ll J not here dwell upon tho t netnods for obtaining, rearing and u ?ng the animals which furnish th "icles of food; every well-infoni ?mer understands this subject. Bu 10 oeg to impress upon bim tho enorm petita that would accruo to tho hen ? ?ie community from greater attent ? mo rearing of animals for fresh m applies. Even if the latter were m ?*l{y, Jt would bo vastly cheaper for 1 ? obtain them than spend his money ^ra and apothecaries* bills. As aereforo, from the absoluto econo a>ue, resulting from the raising of fi ft J' AND THUB 8aviD8 tno outlay ?nea meats, which proves an unut ?in on the finances of the farmc resent to him the sanitary aspect of inject, not as a theory, but as tho re well founded observation made )r"petent authorities. Leave tho ll8.1 entreat you, and try tho impro an of feeding yourselves and famil ? as you havo left the old ruts in fi '8 your lands and your cattle. Save l?ney you waste in buying worth which robs your chief article of 'nance of half its virtue; save } ealth ard strength at the bame time "Ung food, which, though costing a 1 ?ergy and effort to obtain it, will ish you with rich blood, strong mm ia ruddy faces, giving you renewed j>a ?<1ding to the comforts and pleas [ which you havo too few. A large supply of vegetables, to ?entiai to tho maintenance ?of hei '? only to gratify the palate by I iccnlenco and pleasant flavors, bt vegetable food. In the Hummer thc sys ' tem craves tho acid vegetables, and in fact all other? are Riateful to the ti->d and overheated body. Blessed with a climate and soil which cannot be excelled ) 9 ny where in the world, the Southern far i mer need not suffer from tho scarcity o . vegetables at any season of the year i tHi iu?? th? PW"? tuey add to thc table, their cultivation claims a forcmosi . place aa health preserver?. Th? sam? ii ? true of Innis aud berries, all of whicl , may bo abundantly supplied by attentior to a small plot of ground. Tho orchnre ' and tho vegetable garden, with theil grape arbors, should be tho prido of even ? householder in village or on the farm. i ..^re,nt Bti" one product of the farm which, although I mention it last, i? en titled to a pro eminent place as an articli I of ?let-, Among the great staples o i lood, milk and its products are prized b' i tho peasantry of all temperate climes , I have alluded to the fact, that in mani countries whose rural population is th" most robust and athletic, milk and it producta form the chief articles of food f with bread and vegetables. It seems I be the natural diet of the farm, provid ? ? on tho spot, easily obtained, pleasant t tho palate, nutritious, easily digested and requiring but little preparation. I is well known that in infancy the huma body is entirely nourished ty mill Hence it is a complete food, containin all the essentials for sustaining life in quiescent state. For thc active lal^rin individual the addition of bread an vegetables would make it a complete foo also. Cow's milk is more nutritious Ilia humar milk, inasmuch as it contait ?'.asei.i (cheese) in greater abundanci Cheese forms a staple article of foo umong the peasants of Europe. Wit good rye bread, butter, cheese and a glas of milk or beer, these people make " square meal," oven at harvest time. I fact, I have personal experience in thi matter, haviug often enjoyed a satisfai tory meal, consisting of wheat brea< butter, cheese, and milk or coffee, dunn our hot Southern summers. A careful consideration of this subjei bas convinced mc that cheese proper] prepared, even in the most simple mai uer, affords an excellent substitute f( meat, especially in our warm Southei climate. And, moreover, I honestly b lieve that he who would induce tl Southern farmer to make and use chee as a prominent article of food, woul confer a boon upon him, not only in r economic sense, but also in the more in portant sanitary respect. Holding th view I venture to offer my own exp rience in thc preparation of cheese. Di ring my long residence in old Carolin home-made cheese wa3 often used in n family, chiefly in the summer month but not rarely also in the spring and fa It waa prepared by the following simp method, which any ono of ordinary i telligeuce may succeed in. After tl cream had been entirely or partially i moved, the curd and whey were poun into a thin, but strong muslin or cheei cloth bag. The latter was tied secure and suspended from the limb of a tn or from a nail or beam in the pore until the whey had drained off. T curd, now in a semi-solid condition, st enclosed in the bag, waa placed inte presa, consisting of two boards, ono receive the bag of curd, the other cover it. A block of wood placed une ono end of the lower board facilitai draining. A heavy weight placet] up the upper boaid furnished the presse required to expel all the whey. T curd now freed from superfluous moisti was removed from the bag, more or I cream added, and salted to suit the tas The whole mass was now worked with paddle or kneaded like dough, until formed a thoroughly smooth paste. ? latter was shaped into cukes (not uuli the yeast cakes nf good house-wive and put away for use. In forty-eif hours a most delightful cheese was reai which I have often preferred to meat breakfast or supper. When put ur buttered bread in the same manner butter, but more thickly, a more too some lunch cannot be formed. For individual in ordinary health this hoi made cheese aflbrds a nutritious, streng ening food, easily procured, cheap, i always ready for the table, far pr?f?ra to the "store cheese." A good cow, s! tered and cared for with half thc att tion often bestowed upon worthless ci would save enough lost time and doct billa in one year lo pay for her keep t fold. ***** The second cause of "liver complai has been referred to "Improper Cookiu Without wishing to criticiso our g Southern housewives, I feel inipellet say a word of warning to them on I subject. Tho farmer's wife experier a lifo of much hardship and anxi being burthened not only with the ( of rearing children and keeping house tidy and clean, but on small fa she ia also charged with the pr?parai of food for tho laboring portion of family. To lighten tho latter task, predecessors have resorted to var methods of cooking, which experic baa taught them to ho instrumenta lessening the severity of the work shortening its duration. The frying presented itself as tho most conven cooking utensil, being readily cleai and offering the moat rapid mode of paving a savory dish of bacci or o moat. Unfortunately this implemer cooking has become an implemen cruelty. I do not hesitate to corni the frying pan a9 tho origin of a 1 proportion of "liver complaint'' ci which are now ruining the health of farmers. Tho abrivelled appearanc fried meat indicates the desiccating e o? this process of cooking. Tho jt of tho meat are evaporated in the < pan, a crust is formed, which conl I tho burnt oils and fat ; tho meat ia tt by toughened, difficult to masticate, equally diflicult to digest. Some skillful cooks succeed, by rapid and slant turning of ?ho frying meat, in viating some of tho injurious euee this culinary procedure, but even tho greatest care meat thus prepar exceedingly indigestible. Lven when fried, require half an ?our It for digestion than when hard b< Our people b.ing, ns will be aliud later, not slow eaters, it becomes more important that the true off cookery sbould he performed in the paraticn of the food, viz., to make i only palatable, but tender, to devek iuices, thus rendering it moro < chowed, and to soften and gelattniz fibro. Tho aim of the cook should facilitate digestion, and not to impe Of all methods of cooking, frying toortt. I cannot hero enter int chemical changes which the vi culinary processes produce, and ' would bo interesting to those who to know the reason for everythu will merely state, as tho result of tigation by competent men, tor pickled or smoked meats, boiling best nrocess of preparation. Tl fashioned bacon and greens offers G mirable instnnco of tho latter. juice? of tho meat are intcrminglet the tender leaves of the collard, ar commingling tends to soften the which is permeated by tho voj > juices. For fresh meats, roasting is an excel ont method of cooking. Thc fire should bo very hot, so that the outside surface ot tne meat may become rapidly con gealed, and a crust bo formed which f serves as a shell to prevent the esc ne of the nutritive juices within. Whet, fresh meat is boiled, thc water should be ut lull boiling ere the meat is put in, and, alter the outside is congealed and tough ened, the meat should be withdrawn from tue great heat and allowed to boil 01 simmer slowly. By this method the pro cess of roasting'is imitated, so far as re i ln,nm8 the inner juices can bc attained. ? Although boiling and roasting require j more time and ski!? than frying, the ad vantage of the former over tho latter Ii so great that no good housewife should hesitate to abandon the latter. Besides if time is an object-, boiled or roastec meats are so easily preserved, and fora so palatable a dish even when cold, that this element of advantage over frvini must not be disregarded. Regarding fried meat as the cause of j large number of liver complaints, I wouk counsel the entire abandoment of tin frying-pan. Throw all these implement of cruelty iuto some old well, whereevei the poorer neighbors cannot reach them and you will save yourselves much trou ble and annoyance". This would seem ai heroic remedy, but I can safely asser that it will bc a radical one for "Live Complaints." The baking of bread is a matter o great importance, and il would bo usefu to enter into greater de r" '.han ouyspac will permit. Suffice io say, that th doughy, pasty biscuits and cakes, whic often disgrace the tables of our counlr friends, thould be banished from th board. Greater pains should ho bestowc upon the selection of flour, and the pr< paration of the dough by thorough kneac lng. Bread, which is heavy and pastj will tax the stomach of the stronger man. The best baked bread is diilicu of digestion while fresh. How mite more trying to the poor stomach must t these abominations of cookery, heav< pasty bread. Even when stale, the latti will lie like a Btone in the stomach, an torment its possessor for hours. It shoul be the aim of the good housewife to a( to it that those who depend upon her fe comfort should not be oppressed by in perfect bread, while toiling in the swei of their brows. The ordinary hoc cn-: properly prepared, is a good mode i baking corn bread, but is not adapted fi wheat flour. Pies and tartB are pleasai additions to the usual fare, but the pas for these dainties requires careful an thorough kneadiug. Simple stewed fruit or berries, wii sugar and milk, aro to be preferred pies and dumplings. Especially gratef to the stomach and wholesome withal, fruit thus served for breakfast. Tl housewife may do much to aid digestio not only by skill in cookiug, but also 1 ingenuity in providing a variety of foo by cleanliness in its preparation, prom j ness and neatness iu its serviug, nnd 1 the exclusion of such articles as ha been coudemned in this paper. Amoi wealthy people of intelligence, great i tention is paid to these matters. It the object of this paper to teach t humble laboring man, and men of mc erato means in other spheres of life, attain the same comfort, pleasure a benefit from his homely fare which t rich man obtains from bis dainties, s * ? * _ * Rapid eating or "bolting food" is sentially an American habit. To obti a correct conception of this habit, c should visit a restaurant in thc vicin of Wall street, where sandwiches a other "prepared" food are dealt acr the counter to the hungry, time-presi brokers and clerks, or one should wai the passengers of a railway train wb devouring their meal at a wayside i To these people time is precious ; ev Qeeting moment may cost something, delay a journey. But why BhoulB American farmer cat "on time" ? v should he, iu the quiet, peaceful purs of his vocation, grudge himself the ti he occupies in supplying his body w strength and energy for his labors? E at the noonday meal, for which an en hour is allotted, I have seen the fan shoveling in his food in hot haste, ris from the table with a quick push of chair, and rushing fdr his hat, as railway train were awaiting him. 1 h seen, too, the unhappy results of habit, which seems to have taken I among these people, despite tho fact I they have ample time to satisfy the mands of nature. Apain and again 1: they been astonished on being ot about their habits, when they cam mo for advice, tc learn that I cha! them with rapid eating, and in a g many instances have they plead guilt the charge. Especially among boys young men has this pernicious boltin food made numerous victims of "L Complaint." lt is a difficult task change a habit so fixed as this seem be ; but if I can succeed in indu even a small number to heed my ad I will be content. The object of cl ing food is to prepare it for stomach gestion, not alone by mechanical st vision of its particles, but also by i mingling the latter with the saliva, w contains certain ingredients, wit which rice, potatoes, bread and sit food could not readily be digested, slow, deliberate mastication is thor as essential as is the proper cookii tho food. After the toil and wor the day, tho working mau should < his meal. This he cannot do, if he his food in bot haste ; aud not only be deprive himself of present enjnyi but he also entails upon himself, by infringement of nature's laws, futur happiness. TUE TRUE WI? ^.-Oftentimes I seen a tull ship glide by against th? as if drawn by some invisible hoi with a hundred strong arms pulli lier sails were unfilled, the atrei were dtoopping, BIIC had neither side nor Btern wheel ; still sho move stately, in serene triumph, as wit own life. But I knew that ou the ship, bidden beneath thc great bull swam so majestically, there was a toilsome steam tug, with a heart < and arms of iron, that was tugg bravely on, and I knew if thc little tug untwined her arms and left tb i it would wallow und roll about, am I hither and thither and go with the ent tide, no man knows whether, so I have known more than ono g high decked, full freighted, idle gay pennoned, but that for the bar ing arm? and brave warm-beating of thc faithful little wife that closo to him. so that no wind oi could part them, would have gone with tho stream and have been ht no more.-[Oliver Wendell Holm The Newark (N. J.) Suming Ca One {of our Cincinnati exchange tho caie of Mr. Hnldeman, of the ville Cc'.'r'.er-^'rnnl, who was c rheumatism by St. Jacobs Oil. Ii was cured of neuralgia by the san clo, and every member of his fa some pain or ache by tho Great < Remedy. GATH. Bciirocutativc Southern Interviewe-The Recollection mid I'enniicc? of the Great War. Ctn rttjKmdfnct of the Cincinnati Enquirer. NEW OKI.KANS, February, 1882. In my travels through the country I met an interesting man, Albert Lamar, une of the celebrated family to which the senator from Mississippi belongs, their home.-* being in Georgia, and Albert La mar, was a stout secessionist and follower of his relative, Howell Cobu, and became the secretary of the secession convention i of Georgia, and I think, afterward clerk ! or secretary of the confederate congress. ! ; He is a spare man, grave, at times absent. ; affable but seldom or ever smiling, and j I he would quickly be taken for the typical ! ardent fire-eater any where, as he was ] twenty years ugo. Iaskeu him if the organization of the ; confederate civil government was such as ; to havo produced the best possible results. "No, rather the worst results. Mr. . Davis was a man out of health, a confirm? j ed dyspeptic, and of course he was mo? : rose, prejudiced and sour with all who ? crossed him. Mr. Stephens never was anythiug but an invalid. I remer'Vr j saying in my disgust at their seiet ou i that the only thing which prevented a j revolution at Montgomery was tho want ! of paving-stones in the streets. Howell Cobb should have been the president of the confederacy, and he expected to be selected, but his experience as speaker of congress at Washington led thc South Carolina delegation, headed by Lawrence M. Keitt, to choose him for president of the convention at Opeiica, where they met Mr. Cobb, both delegations being there, en route to the opening of the con vention at Montgomery. Slr. Cobb said tu me nt the time: This unfortunate choice will prevent mc being the execu tive magistrate nf the confederacy.' So he presided over the convention, and Davis was elected to be tho president, chiefly because he had been a union man." "Why were union men at a premium?" "Because of the fierce resistance to se cession in all parts of the confederacy, but especially in Georgia, Tennessee, North Carolina and Virginia. Several of the large states were so reluctant to leave the union that after they had been crow ded into seceding they sent their old union conservative men to the provisional con vention at Montgomery. For that reason two union men, Davis and Stephens, were made the chief executives over the two other expectants, Cobb and Toomba Mr. Davis, during the presidential cam Eaign of 18G0, had made a speech nt 'ortland, Maine, and another on thc way warmly praising the union. This was re membered in his favor as against thc ag gressive record of Toomba for secession. But Stephens and Davis were not to agree in any event. Stephens never had the least interest or confidence in the con fed erato cause. He began by objecting, and the breach between him and Davis wid cued every dny. Yet he continues to be, in ninny respects, thc most popular man in Georgia." "Suppose Toombs had been the con federate president, would he have been a failure?'' "It would have been a six months' war. He would have been either mashed all to pieces in a few months or would have in vaded the north after tho first shock of arms at Bull Run. I said to Mr. Toombs once that he ought to have died at the battle of Sharpsburg, where he held the heights of the Antietem against Burnside with such gallantry that Lee complimented him in the military orders. Since that day Toombs has shattered his splendid mind by dissipation nnd asperity till bo survives a melancholy wreck of a once noble galaxy." "In what was Howell Cobb superior to Jefferson Davis?" "In health, temperament, temper and brain Mr. Davis was a master of" details only, and wore himself out superintend ing trifles, fretting with passing enemies and elaborating theoretical messages and Eapers. He never had the large, solid rain to resolve the wants of a broad na tion which had with reluctance passed out of a larger one-to take a critical view of thc leaders who had led it out. Mr. Davis made no foreign friends by his bearing ; at the end of the war he possess ed no influence in the north, while Cobb had made the friendship in other days of Andrew Johnson and of many of our in fluential enemies. Cobb was a broad sighted man ; he would have instantly perceived the fiscal requirements of the confederacy, the need of a foreign credit, of interested friends in other lands, a commiserat aud manufactories. Ho saw these things neglected &ad the young state drifting into a nnrrow channel, and e went off into tho army like a privato volunteer, never raising a factious word, ut fearing the worst. He was thc best bolovcd public man Georgia ever had, not xcepting William H. Crawford, who lacked the refinement af mind and feei ng of Howell Cobb. Crawford was a strong but a coarse man." I asked Mr. Lamar what had become f the South Carolina leaders who worked p secession, naming Bickens, Hammond, Chesuut, and others. There arc but two of them living, Wm. Torcher Miles and Keilt. Chesnut was a man of little ability ; thesnmcmay be said of Governor Bickens. Wade Hampton was a good military officer, but is a feather-weight in civil questions, Hammond was a man of mental power, with acquirements, will, and force, but he had no love of the multitude and rather despised them." Is not Senator Butler, of South Caro lina, something of a man ?" "Very much of a man. He was a man of very violent passions, and of such in tense exasperation when insulted that if be had killed Conkling in the senate when they came into a collision there it would not surprise me at all. But his control over himself, his amicable, and, iudeed, popular relations with tunny of the leading republicans, and the ex tension of bia influence by both discretion and caudor aro gratifying surprises. Wo are very weak os a party in leaders, and Butler is ono of tho men who has devel oped into a thinking, leading mind." "Wa3 tho confederate congress at Mont gomery a body of some ability ?" "It had somo very able men in it. Mr, Cobb had filled the largest position in the federal government. Mr. Hunter, of Virginia, was in it ; it comprised the ability the secretary of stato had sent to Washington for years. One of the most remarkable men in it was ex-Senator Foote, of Mississippi, a person of re markable acquirements and gifts of mind and speech, but constitutionally false to every movement he would connect with a Jesuit, a caviller, a marplot, blending the features of Lago and Machiavelli. "Which states of the South have re covered most fully from the war?" "Georgia han pulled ahead the best. Probably Mississippi next. Virginia ought to have a fine future. Texas I havo but a slight knowledge of." "Who was the most useful man in tho Confederate cabinet? -' "Regan, of Texas, was thc hardest worked man in the Confederate executive j government. Ho is not a man if genius, but of unwearied labor and pains. Mr. Davis was a mau abo patient of details, and though I have no rason to feel any gratitude for him-far otherwise-yet I do not lill my voice to condemn him. He was not put lhere by thc people and I know he acted up to his unfortunate ca pacities faithfully." "What kind of men are Brown, Hill and the f ?eorgia delegation ?" "Brown ii probably the shrewdest man of the present day in the South. He possessen marvelous sense of prophesy or foresight-to know how anything is com ing out y carr hence. He "has been the leading character of Georgia to carry on her affairs since ho came into public life twenty-eight years ago. He has watched his own inte-ests well, but has been also faithful to Georgia. I do not take issue with him r.bout opposing the confederate conscription acts; they did us more harm than good. They disciplined our volun oi :s to the spiritless machines who fought the first two years of the war so grandly. Brown properly opposed the pro-federal acts of Mr. Davis's government, too. We seceded for violated slato right? and fed eral oppression, and tho Richmond gov ernment soou began the same things. Brown was faithful to thc idea we em barked upon, und he has always drawn bis inspiration from that mountain race he sprang among, in thc upper parts of Georgia and Carolina. He has always been strong there. Not admiring many features of his mind, I concede his hard brain, practical faculties and political acumen. He is the head of tho demo cratic party in Georgia lo day, and I think it has bceu assented to, unpalatable as some of her apparent aberrations and amalgamations have been. His courage and pugnacity are matters of standard in formation. "Ben Hill is the most intellectual man it; Georgia. His sheer intellectuality, separated from any elements of charac ter, has sustained him for thirty years, though he has been inconstant und in consistent to the last degree. Ho can speak so elegantly and shea so much light mid illustration upon any given issue on little ur no preparation thal he has made a great impression on thousands of our Georgia people, who pay no heed to his tergiversation ami want of personal re ality, in admiration of his intellectual temper and brightness. Mr. Stephens appeals to the puoplo of Georgia as an idealist, optimist, one who ?B a scholar and patriot willi mettlo to r?sout an in dignity, but a rather blameless lifo and conscience void of office. Ho responds to good treatment so equally that bc has lost his political power to offense either faction in Georgia, letting tho bnttle of ambition go by him becauso both factions entreat him kindly. He is a quality in Georgia rather than a force-the 'Hamlet' of the state, Toouibs wa? the Hercules of Georgia, the prodigal son of the common wealth, till his splendid gifts wero lost in excentricity ami buffoonery, and yet there are features in him which nre pleasaut and pathetic even now, ns ho plays the Satyr in thc ruins of Hypertion. His fondness for Aleck Stephens, for in stance, is like thc love of Jonathan for David. He has thrown himself outside of all political elements in Georgia, and seemor, not to know his own relations to theso times. He and Brown were long friendly, till they nearly had a duel." "Is Longstreet a man of ability ?" "No, rather loggy, dull member of .1 generally clever family. His miliary re putation was made bj' his soldiers." To t'ue above fragments of conversation 1 add a few from Mr. Evan Howell, of Atlanta. "Will the state of Georgia put forth u democratic protectionist delegation at tho next national convention ?" "No, I don't believe it will. Really the tariff makes no great showing in Geor gia either way. lt has not been discussed among the people with any interest to them. In our effort to pick ourselves up aud put ourselves together, we have not yet reached the tariff issue, but 1 do not think we aro going to take any de cided stand for or against it very soon. The position of the democratic party is rather against excessive tariff." "Will thc present independent move ment in Origin amount to anything?" "No becat'seitis not based on any living issue or want, but on ambitious discon tent. Governor Brown is more progres- I sive and liberal than any of the s bolters. Georgia would bo glad to seo a division of parties, which would atoo permanent ly divide tho two sections, but it is not worth while to throw away the present sound influence of the state for a guerrilla division, which will demoralize our peo ple and lose in the respect of friends and enemies. "Do you have any regret for slavery?" "Not on the white man's account. It had its domestic pleasures, and in Home respects was well adapted for this section, but tho loss of it has been the making of the white race wherever they bavo gone to work heartily. Yet the negroes, asan uverage, have not improved under free dom ns was expected. There is time yet, however, for more satisfactory results. I may say, in general, that aristocratic communities in the south, like the coast parts of South Carolina and the first families of Virginia, have not recuper ated like thc poor white race in upper Carolina and Georgia." "Could tho south have succeeded in the rebellion ?" 'Not after tho first six months. Had our confident and impetuous troops been marched into thc north and west while they were in the first flush of success we might possibly have succeeded ; but tho moment they began to take months to drill tho young soldiery of thc south they took the fire out of them, and thc conscription system was needless cruelty and suspense. Our political authorities over the confederacy were dead failures" A STRANGE IF TIIUE STORY AUOUT ! SANTA ANNA.-Judge Major, of Ken tucky, recently related tho following story of Santa Anna, tho Mexican Dic tator : "Did you ever hear," he said, "that ho was a Kentuckian?" I confessed that I never had. "Well, that is believ ed by many old people about Frankfort ; I have heard it from boyhood. It is said i that Santa Anna, afterward President of the Mexican Republic, was an illegiti mate Bon of ono Nat Sanders, of this country. Whilo a youth he went to New Orleans on a flatboat, and was ney er afterwards heard from. When cap lured at San Jancinto, in 18-'J7, he was I brought through this place on his way to Washington, and was recognized hy the Sanders, who recognized him as their illegitimate and long lost relative. He did not deny it. He spoke English like a Kentuckian, and with a Kentucky ac cent. One of the Sanders had determin ed to kill him, on acevmt of the death of a relative in the massacre of Alamo, but abandoned his purpose when he was con vinced thnt they were blood relatives. ; Thc mother of Evan E. Sctttle, of Owen ton, was a Sanders, and he bears a marked resemblance to the pictures of ' Santa Anna. Larkin F. Sanders, Rep ! resentative from Carroll County to the General Assembly, belongs to the family, ns also did the noted George N. Sanders, who figured no prominently in politics ; during tho administrations of Pierce and ' Buchanan. Dr. Binyo on Woman's Sphere. Dr. Mayo, tho distinguished friend of education, who is now travelling through the South in tho iuterest of schools and general culture, paid a visit recently to tho Charleston bemale Seminary, and in au address to its pupils, of which the fol lowing is a brief synopsis, gave them some very good advice, and many ration al thought!) on questions which are of great national importance. He fust called attention to the (act that everywhere in our land ibo girls were coining to the front, and nobly maintaining their posilion there. That the educational customs of the country have changed since the days of our grand mothers, for then all tho advantages were on the side of the boys ; they continued in school or at college until they reached manhood, while it was customary for girls to finish at about fifteen. Now the order of things is reversed, and with the exception of a certain number nf young men, who by a collegiate course are fit ting themselves for a profession, there ate a greater proportion of girls than of boys who attend school after their fifteenth year. Tho force of circumstances requires that boyi should by this time engage in thc actual duties of life, and while they are busy in the basement story of tho structure of American society, coining its money, tilling its soil, digging its mines and sailing its ships, (o tho girls ot our land belongs the setting in order pf the upper part of our Nationnl house. Their first duty is in tho Americau home ; there they mny all bo queens. Let them learn how to mnkc a home and how to keep it bright and cheerful, be accomplished in all ?ls details, from the cooking of n breakfast to tho decoration of its walls. Let the mothers and sisters, cousins, aunts, all, be refined and be ed ucated, and the influence they exert on the generation which will make future citizens will only bo productivo of the highest pood. Another flight of stairs leads us lo tho story in the Talaco of Society, where tho work is carried on by women, and where they fit themselves for tho place which they hold in tho American schools. There are about five million children in our schools, taught by seventy-five thou sand teachers, of whom at least thrco fotirths are women. Ju.->t seo what an influence can bo exerted there ! For though wo may learn many things after we are twelve, the ideas of" right and duty which will sway our wholo lives will havo been fully impressed before we have passed this age. In the next story we find woman pre paring herself to sway aright tho influ ence that she exerts in the Church, for she does all the work and all thc good accomplished here. At the front stands the minister, but the minister, or tho bishop in his robes goes down if it is tho verdict of the good women of his con gregation that ho is not fit to stand as an example and a teacher to their children. Vanderbilt University is one of the re sults of the efforts of good women, nnd the lives of good, true women every whero preach living sermons and elevate all nearer their Creator. In the next story of our building wo men study how best to uso their power in society. Here their will is tho only reg ulation and holds supreme control. Are myriads of homes made wretched, loving hearts broken and bright hopes crushed because tho father or the son for sakes the paths of right and buries him self in vice? We mourn over this. Let us instead rise up to thc idea that we can cause a reform. Let tho girls of a town make their friends understand that he who yields to the temptation to drink or tn do anything unmanly, removes him self by each act further from t!*o centro of refined society. Let the American women and girls denounce this evil and fight against it, and soon its terrible pro portions will be greatly diminished. Woman has now been considered in her four fold sphere-tho light of the homo, mistress of the school, inspiration fur good in the church and soul of society ; iu all these positions she exerts unboun ded influence and moulds thc opinions of our future men. So let those who de nounce this as au age of oppression and say that woman is down trodden and de based, reflect that if such is the case it must result from errors first made by tho women in tho education of the boya, and that as they sow ideas and thoughts into youthful minds so must they reap when time hus ripened tho seeds into ac tion. Hence thc necessity of properly ed ucating our girls so'that they may nobly fulfil these duties. It is a fortunate fact thal fashion has now ordained that it is correct for girls to go to school as long as possible, for du ring all theso years they mav be forming themselves into such lovely characters that they will make women whom it will be a "liberal education to love," and when their school days are over they will go to purify and bless the world around them. A WHITE RULER IN AFBIOA.-John Dunn, one of tho thirteen kinglet* among whom, by Sir Garnet Wolsely's agency, Zululand was divided, differs from his twelve brethren not only in being a pure blood European while they are stark sav ages, but also in reserving to himself in au especial way privilegcsof cutting tim ber, with the right lo mino and seek lor minerals, divert streams, cultivate un plowcc lands, advance or retard trade, in such und so complete a way that he has, as it were, the right of ingress, egress and regress everywhere that his authority ex tends. His country, next to Hie Tugela, and borderered to a great extent by tho sea, has within ;t one landing place, Port Dunford, where, it may be remembered, a noteworthy failure to secure asafe debark ation delayed thc operation of ^ir Garnet Wolsely in the winter of 187?. Dunn ha? impeded, after the Natal fashion, a hut tax on his people, amounting to five shillings per but, payable in cash, every penny of which ho keeps himself for his own purposes. Dunn is a Kntlir Chief with European skill to raise a revenue for himself. He taxes all wagons going into his country to thc nmouut of $25, and he has thc right and thc power to lay nu embargo on nil Irnde at will. He is a clever, observant, brave man, who means to make money fairly nnd rule resonar ly if he can ; but "ne takes thought to him self because he is "wisc in bis ger.era tion," and has no guarantee for the per manency of his office, ono created by whim and of most uncertain teuure. - Before the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, there are several prominent divines men tioned for Bishop. Among them aro Revs. AlphcuB W. Wilson, of Baltimore ; Jno. C. Cranberry, of Vanderbilt Uni versity ; Young J. Allen, now in Chi cago; Attigus G. Hnygood, of Georgia, and Dr. Hendricks, of Missouri. In tho election of Bishop in this Church no nominations are permitted. - A prominent physician sayH that if mothers did not take un thc senseless prattle of babies and hurl it hack at thc::: I under thc plea that it is "baby Jalk," children would learn sooner how to talk plain. They repeat the jumble of sylla bles that they first hear. Watterson on the Tariff. The other night in Chicago at the Iroquois banquet Hon. Henry Watterson, editor of tho Louisville (burin -Journal, in answering the toast "The Democratic Press," said in conclusion : Von will Hay that these aro but glitter ing generalities, and lacking in specifica tion. Sir, I will bc specific. I mean "a turill' for revenue only." I mean the ob literation of navigation laws which have driven our flag from the high seas. I mean tho divorcement of the civil service from party service. I mean a careful and just revision of our national banking system we have ever had, and which, with certain needful modifications, essen tial both to its preservation and the equi ties of taxation, I would relegate to the place in business where it belongs and whither it should have been sent long ago. I moan the reduction of tho national debi to a thousand millions where it should bc funded and made perpetual. Tho people aro being taxed loo much. The debt is heit. : paid loo last. All taxes should bo levied with an oyo solely to revcntio, and no moro revenue should be collected than is required to support the government and carry the debt. The key to all l' ?ae propositions-tho pivot around which they aro grouped and about which they tum-is tobo found iii that simple sentence, "a tariff for revenue only." lt is not my sentence. I neither invented it nor discovered it ; though I would no more dream of compiling a dem ocratic platform without it than F would think of issuing au edition of Ibo New Testament without Christ's sermon on thc mount, ll is axiomatic, mid taken bodily out of thal magnificent, enuncia tion of tho democratic principles-on which we vi o a glorious national victory -the matchless platform adopted at St. Louis in 1871). 1 would not surronder a word of it, nor a syllable. It oxpre*ses with precision the exact position of tho parly upon tho tariff, that when tho gov ernment gets its taxes, then and there the tax shall stop. Whatever "incidental protection" that affords-well, it affords and let the protectionists mnkc the most of it. In truth; they had better; for protection, 1 ...-slavery, is doomed; only, unlike slavi ry, it will not linger so long upon the st g < to bnflle freemen o id stay the march f freedom. It cannot oecome a sectional h "> as slavery did. It cannot get into religion, as slavery did. Yet it ?H ns monstrous in every respect as slavery wns. Looking back into that far-off time, it staggers th" mind to contcmplato how long tho institution of slavery did stand against reason, common sense, hu manity and oublie policy. All men now admit that tiiere was not nu argument to support it. Tho pri ent generation of men can but illy comprehend how it sur vived tho agitations of a single general election, lt isgone, thank God, nnd thero is au end of it, but its history is full of instruction and warning. It tells us in thunder tones to hewnre of thesopbistrics, tho arrogauco and the power of oligar cbism and to behold in the jobber)' nnd robbery of protection a new slavery, rear ing it? lofty head to threaten tho people nnd curso the land. Fellow-dotnocrau., tho road before us is straight, broad and open ! Do not al low yourselves to be lured off the high way.* Do not give up to demagogues what was meant for the country. Look forward ; not backward , if you must go back, go as far back an thc lost traditions of Jefferson and Jackson, and return clasping them to your heart. You have our enemy at last not merely divided, ut occupying a falso und untenable position. Tho attempted findon in the south-the liaison between tho machine and tho mob-is in every way agrarian and corrupt. It will not be a great while before tho intelligence of tho country realizes that it is n serious menace to the national credit. Place tho old democrat ic flag-ship in lino of battle ; clear the deckH for actio:: ; pitch thu fools into tho sea, and send tho sorehead? below, nnd with freedom's signals flying at the mast head, givo her prayerfully, confidently, to tho God of storms, tho bnttlc and tho breeze ! MEN TRADING WITHOUT MONEY. Yesterday afternoon an Appeal reporter mel J. W. Niles, an intelligent colored man, who for several years has been en gaged in the work of establishing negro colonies. From him the reporter obtain ed an interesting account of the Nicode mus colony in Kansas. He said : "Nic odemus contains some 3Gf? hornes, and is located in Graham County, tho district hoing known as Solomon's valley. They have two churches there, one puhlic school, ono subscription school, a post office nnd several stores." "What do they do for money?" "Well, they raise corn, pumpkins and vegetables at 1 meet evory Saturday night .iud exchange commodities. They givo vegetables nnd other productions for drugs, clothing and so on. I never knew before that mon could livo without money. For three years after the colony started lhere was not a team in it, and the men worked entirely with picks nud spades. The colonists were of tho worst class of negroes from Kentucky. Many of them went in order to livo easy off tho commu nity. Now they aro transformed into hard working farmers, thus showiug, as I havo always claimed, that thero was something to be made oven out of tho lowest negro." "What sort of government have they ?" "A regular township government, the principal officer being a towm lip trusteo, who is a negro."-Memphis Appeal. How AMERICAN GIRU* KISS.-The Maino girl, tall and ruddy, kisses as though she were taking an impression in the chewing gum of lier nativo State. Thc Massachusetts girl kisses in tho Greek style, flavored with brown bread. Thc New York girl goes at it as if sho were dabbling in a Wall street specula tion. Tho kiss of a New Jersey girl is fiery ns a taste of upple jack, better known as Jersey lightning, Little Del aware girls aro as soft as the peaches which grow there. A Maryland kiss is rich and juicy ns a terrapin stew. In the Old Dominion you are met with a genu ine hospitality ; the girls kiss as though they wanted you to stay. The Ohio girl is described ns possessing tho compre hensive qualities of tho Ohio man-she wants all she can get and gets all she can. A Louisiana kiss is said to be like eating sugar cane, while North Carolina girls stick liko tar.-Atlanta Conttitution. - Richard White Grant fainted tho other day when a friend, whoso grammar ho was correcting, told him of a Western girl whose companion asked her at a party : "Shall I skin a banana for you?" "No, I thank you," she replied, "I have one already skim." - Nine men out of ten aro mean enough to enjoy saying to n physician who goes hunting nnd gets no game, "Why didn't \ " tako your medicine chet instead ot n gun ?" "What is heaven's best ??ft to man?" she asked, sweetly smiling on him. "Ur. Bull's Cough Syrup," ho replied with prudence. He hud just been curt 1 by it of a bad cold. T JL JL. JLl Vi '-Tl News and (jossip, - Thc ice crop hi Virginia is consid ered a failure. - A cotton seed oil mill will be es tablished in Greenville. - The run of shad in tho streams of North Carolina is larger than it has been for years. -- A colony ol' sixty families from lorva and Illinois havo settled in Manatee county, Fla. - The cotton seed oil refinery at Mont gomery, Ala., has a capacity of 500 gal lons per day. - A threo year old infant is being ex hibited in Charleston, S. C. which turns the scales at 160 pounds. - A citizen of Haywood county, N. C., recently sold one bundled walnut trees to a northern company for $-1,000. - The apple is now considered excel lent food for brain workers. Well, wo believe this fruit originally caine from the tree of knowledge. - Of Daniel Webster's family only two aro now living-children of his daughter, Jul in-Samuel Appleton nnd Mrs. Jerome Bonaparte. - It is estimated that thc icsidents of Missionary Ridge, near Chattanooga, Tenn., will realize $100,000 this year from tho different fruit crops. - The Philadelphia Itecord says: Mr. Alexander H. Stephens has been forty six years in public life without either getting fat or rich. We do not know a case of this kind north of Mason and Dixon's linc. - The leading Independents of Geor gia held a caucus in Atlanta on Monday before last, and formulated an address to the people, urging tho formntion of a new party, and calling for a mass meeting of all Georgia Independents to convene in Atlanta on the 1st of June. - "When I grow up, I'll be a man, won't I ?" asked a little Austin hoy of his mother. "Yes, my son; but if you want to be a man you must be industri ous at school and learn how to behave j yourself." "Why, mnmran, do the lazy buys turn nut to bo women when they I grow up?"-Tura* Siftinyt. - 'ery kind drug clerk to little girl : "Now bo sure you tell your papa to take this medicine according to tho directions on tho bottle; an over doso might affect his brain." Little girl: "Oh, I guess there's no danger of that, for I've heard mamma tell him lots of times ho never had nny brains." - It is announced that a herd of 11, 000 sheep has jiiBt arrived at Lincoln, Nebraska, from Washington Territory. The journey occupied two years. The trail from Washington Territory to the Missouri mer is said to bo the longest and hardest known to stock men. Threo years is often consumed in a drive over this distance. - Col. J. G. Bryant, of Georgia, lately told the Methodist minis tern of Philadel phia that tho Southern peoplo are pre paring for another rebellion. The natu ral inquiry arises, What does this Colonel expect to make by such talk? The answer is furnished by Bryant himself. He is wanting support for an alleged uowopn pcr somewhere in Georgia. - Ina caucus of Republican Repre sentatives, a resolution was adopted that any legislation nt present looking to a reduction of tho internal revenuo taxes on whiskey, tobacco and cigars is unwise aud nexpedient, but that some relief should be accorded by extending tho time during which whisky may remain in bond without payment of the tax. - It is thc general impression in Washington that tho present session of Congress will run into the middle of July. No less than five thousand one hundred and fifty bills and joint resolu tions have been introduced in the House of Representatives thc present session and two thousand more in the Senate. A very large proportion of them are pri vate bills. - Statistics show that Mormonism gains about 2.000 annually by immigra tion. For the first fifteen years, from 1840 to 18.r>4, 21,911 crossed the sea and tho mountains. From 1854 to I860, 6,820 were added in the same way, and j from 18G0 to 1870 25,000 moro took ship ping from Europe to Salt Lake. The last decade shows similar results, and aggregates the number of immigrants since 1840 at about 85,000. - The National Sunday School Con vention lately in session in Atlanta was I well attended. Many interesting facta were stated. It was reported that thcro j are in tho United State* 84,730 Sabbath Schools, with 032,383 teachers i?nd 0, 820,835 scholars, making a total working in the Sabbath interest of 7,853,118 in ? all. In tho world there aro 1,559,823 teachers and 13,062,523 scholars, making a total ot Sabbath School workers of 14,623,345 - Quite a lively Bceno occurred on the cara near Louisville, Ky., a few days ago. A Mrs. Mellon, who had been di vorced from her husband in Illinois, was on her way to Gcorgin to make her home among friends there. At the junction of the Short Line and New Orleans Road, two miles from Louisville, her husband boarded the train and endeav ored to seize and carry nway her two children. But she fought for her chicks and tho husband retired from the contest vanquished, while she proceeded on her - At a sale of rare coius at Clinton Hall, in New York, March 14th. tho in terest of bidders centred in a silver half dollar issued from thc mint of tho Con federate States nt New Orleans in 1861. It is asserted to be one of four. Of the I three other coins ono was said to be in possession of Jefferson Davis at the time of his capture ; it bas not since been heard of. The coin offered on the 14th was Bent to 3. F. Taylor, Chief Coiner of the Confederate States, and was ob tained by Mr. Scott from him. The bid ding was started at $200 and bids of ten dollars readily jumped the figures up to $870, at which price it was sola to "South." No dealer knows who "South" is, and the agent who bought it said ho could not reveal thc name. - In tho polico court at Chicago o wo man thus attempts to explain away alleged harsh treatment of ber poor husband. She says that ono day when she waa run ning across the room with a fork in her hand, he jumped up in her way and struck his fist against the fork, wrenching it from hor grip by the prongs, which ho ran into his wrist. Another time he at tempted to strike her, but she held up a pan of hot water between them, and he upset it all over his head ; tLsn in his Age, he started to jump at her, but his head carno against her hand and he fell down. Sho took hold of his hair to raise him up, but it was ao moistened by the hot water that it came off. Sho then saw it .vas no uso to argue with him any fur ther, and straightway loft the house to him.