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BY E. B. MURRAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 28, 1881. VOLUME XVF? -NO :i THE WAH ur ruts muiLLiON. Fighting Baille? Over Atrulii on Paper. Irvin UH interview tvith (Jen. [Miigstrect, "H?ive you read .Tefl'. Davis' book ?" .'Not through. Mr. Davis is a theo rist. He never had a practical idea of war or government in his life that I ever heard of. During tho rebellion he never originated a single movement or mado a practical suggestion, but was the fir., to criticise those which others made, plan ned and executed. His book will have no effect either upon the south or the country at large. It will be looked upon as a history of tho struggle from his standpoint, which is stinted and preju diced. He really has no practical knowledge of the historical matters about which bo undertakes to write." A pit EAT BLUNDER. "Davis is severe on Joe Johnston, for his refusal to adopt the Tennessee cam paign when he took command of the army at Dalton." "Yes, very. I was to have re-euforc cd Johnston if that campaign had been made, and I have no hesitation in saying that a more absurd and ridiculous mili tary movement could never have been conceived than that. I know of no mil itary mun on earth who could have con ceived such a plan of campaign, except Gen. Bragg, and no man on the earth except Jen. D-* .'ia would have adopted it. Tile fact that Glen. Johnston refused to adopt it isa tribute to his military sagac ity. Gen. Johnston has given the facts about thc campaign. Both he and I would have loft an army on our Hanks, lo have made such a i unction as Ba vis proposed, which could have cruded us." "Do you know whether Lee counseled or encouraged the Tennessee cam paign ?" "Ves air; I know very well thut ho objected to it most emphatically. Before the military operations in the West be gan that y?nr several of us were asked our opinion as to a plan of operations for a campaign in that section. I made out my opinion, urging the detachment of a sufficient number of men from points where they could be spared, tu make a raid through the (Juinberland mountains into Kentucky. Geu. Lee approved it, and asked me to go with him to Rich mond when he presented it to the Presi dent. I told him I though it tinnecessa ry, but he insisted. I finally consented, and we went. He put the proposition before the Presideut and Gen. Bragg, and they spent some two or three hours discussing it. Finally, I waa called in and gavo my opinion, but it soon became evident from the President's mau ncr thal he had determined to accept Gen. Brngg's plan for a campaign into Tennessee, und impose it upon Joe John ston. Gen. Leo was vrey much opposed to it, and evinced a great deal of feeling, although he controlled himself. Aller he found that there was no further use of discussing the matter he sat for several seconds pulling his whiskers, as was his wont when vexed, and then got up and walked out. of the room. (len. Johnston is righi and Davis wrong in the contro versy which this book hus provoked." THE BATTLE OF CHTCKAMAUUA. "Do you agree with Gen. Johnston, thut Chicbamauga was the bloodiest bat tle of thc war?" "By no means. It was a very severe battle, but not so desperate as Gettysburg. ?Some time before the battle took place (len. Lee and I had ii talk, in which I ^aid to him that I believed, if a battle at that point could be made, and the re sult followed up, it would be of inestima ble importance to us. He did not agree with my idea, because he w >u!d have to take re-enforcements for Bragg from his anny. I therefore wrote to tue Secretary of War, saying that I believe if Bragg's army could be re-enforced, so as lo malte a decisive victory at some point near Chattanooga, it would be a great stroke of policy. My letter summoned Gen. Lee to Richmond, and wheu he returned be ordered me lo prepare two divisions of my corps to go west and participate in Ute battle. Knowing Bragg's reputation for standing and then running, I made up my mind to make myself square before 1 left, and said to Gen. Lee : 'There is no use of my going, no use of making this sacrifice of men and effort, unless the result we shall obtain shall be followed np with spirit.' He replied : 'The order has been given, and it shall be repeated at your diction, that, if we gain a victo ry, it shall bo pushed with energy.' With that understanding I went to tho Weat, and arrived upon the battle-field itt 12 o'clock at night, and the attack was ordered for daylight in the morning. It did not begin, however, till some time later. The plan was to mako battle aa soon ns I arrived. Theretoro the enemy knew that we had reinforced l'ragg. Wo hud to cross the river to make the light, and it was a severe one. The troops I had brought from the East broke tho Federal linea, and largely contrihu ted, if they did not control, the events of that day. I never saw them in botter spirita or do better work. When the victory waa gained and Rosccran'a forces demoralized, Gen. Bragg came to me and said: 'What ?hall we do now?' Follow up the success across the Tennes see river and move toward Nashville and Louisville,' said I, 'This will leave Rose crans at Chattanooga, with us threaten ing, if not in possession of hi? base of supplies, aud we can. FORCE HIM TO ATTACK L'S aud defeat him at our leisure.' hragg lefi mo with this understanding, and nil of my troops had crossed tho river ex cept ono division, when Bragg carno rid ing up to me and said : 'Order that division into Chattanooga. Our people will bo so glad to hear that our troops aro marching through that city, with hands playing and banners flying.' I said : 'Gen. Bragg, they will much prefer to hear that wo have cut thc Hue of tho enemy's communications and have him at our mercy than to hear of any dress parade such as you order.' Bragg was determined, and tho division; not yet across the stream, was ordered to Chattanooga, to give tho citi zens music, and very soon alterward tho whole army was halted, while the great est chance for n decisivo victory wc had yet had waa in our hands. We were tinally all drawn back to rest, while Rnsccran'fl defeated army had opportu nity to recruit its shattered columns and prepare for battle. I bad lost 8,u00 men at Chicknmauga in the elfort to infuse some npiril and decision into that com mander, and it was all thrown away on account of ibo failure of the commander to follow up thc success we had gained. At a conference with President Davis, who came to Chattanooga after that hat tie, I explained to him aj calmly as I waa ablotho terriblo mistake that had been made. I said : 'Our last chance has been thrown away. Nothing but a mir ado can save us now. I proposa to struggle for that miracle as vigorously and energetically as I ever did.' Davis tried to find au excuso for Bragg, but the moro ho tried tho worse his action looked. There was no pnssible excuso for his conduct. Yet Davis retained him, becauso ho was a courtier." HOW OETTYSBUR? WAS FOUGHT. "If Chicknmauga was not, which was , (tic greatest battle of the war?" "Gettysburg, both in the number slain j and in decisive re?i)its. That was the ! greatest battle of the war, and I shall never forget ?ts details. If you reniem I ber, we had a brisk coutCSt on the 1st of i July. Leo's advaneo and thc troops ! covering tho Federal position were eu ; gaged. After this bru?h ?Le Federal i Horcea moved up and took position upon I Cemetery I ? i i i, and began throwing up i breastworks. Loe inovtd up and took ? position directly in front. Kwell, A. P. I Hill and myself commanded the three j corps of Lee's army. The first two were j in position when I caine up, joined Lee, I and looked over the position taken by ? the Federals. I had ordered my corps . around to the right of Cemetery Hill I and, as I looked over the field, I said lo ? Gen Lee : 'They could not have taken a j more advantageous position for us.' Tho j Federal troops had a naturally strong ! place, but we could have thrown our j troops around to the right, and I bad or [ ?jereel mme in that direction, supuosing j otu plan would be to take a position be tween Cemetery Hill and Washington j and wait for an attack. After I had I looked a few moments, Gen. Lee said : j 'What would you do?' 'Throw the troops I around upon the right flank of thc Fed I cral army and take position between I them and Washington, and you can thus force them to come out and attack you. The army of t hc Potomac and thc army of Northern Virginia were too evenly matched in numbers and prowess to admit of any mistakes. The army which had the best position, forcing the other to attack, was almost sure of success. Between these two armies at that day generalship was all important. No two armies more evenly matched ever meed each other. That was why I wanted the advantage of position and of defense rather than attack. We had gained a temporary advantage in thc fight of July 1, ami our soldiers were in good spirits, When Lee looked upon tho field he thought he could assault the position taken by the Federals, and, replying tc my suggestion to move to the right, said : "No, I will strike, tin n where they are right between the eyes.' " WAITING FOB TH IC DECISION. "This was in the evening, and 1 saw he bad bis mind in the direction of the assault, and I did not urge him to adopt my plan. I saw bim at daylight, intend ing to trv and get him to reconsider hit plan of direct attack, or rather hoping he would have done so himself during tin night. Some time was spent in socia talk, and 1 had an idea, that be bad abandoned thc thought of direct assault I had, nevertheless, tue night before with drawn my troops from the direction ir which they were marching, and put thor in position to meet Cen. Lee's plan, il h< should decide to carry it out. He hae said nothing about his plans for so loni that I thought he had concluded not te attack, when, all at once, he looked uj and said : 'Longstreet, you munt muk? the attack.' 'Gen. Lee. there an? no 15,000 troops that ever marshaled unde a Hag that can make that attack ami sue ceed,' I replied. 'I have a mile of opet ground to march over beforo I can read the enemy's position.' 'No, it is not i mile, not more than 1,000 or 1,500 yards. 1 saw his mind was made up, am mounting my horse, rode out to my com mund and ordered the advaneo. Tba whole day tue two divisions under nr command bore the blunt of the attacl upon the entrenched position of the Fed eral Army nt Gettysburg." "Why didn't Hill's and Ewell's corp come to your relief ?" STONEWALL JACKSON NEEDED. "It was partly Gen. Lee's fault, bu very much Ewell's and Hill's fault. Bt fore Stonewall Jackin was killed, h and I commanded the coros of Lee' army. Wc understood each either pei fectly, and Lee unelerstood us. All b ever elid was to give us his plans an we executed them. He never thought e interfering with us after he had expiait ed his wishes. No anny in this worl was ever better organized than Lee army when Jackson was alive. He an I were in perfect accord. We could te by the firing of our troops exactly cac , other's position, and there was co open tiou and community of feeling betwee us rarely known between military cou manders. It was a terrible blow to tl Confetleracy when Jackson was killel At Gettysburg, Lee seemed to forget th; .]? .fcson was not there, and, after e: pressing to Hill, Ewell and myself h plan, be left it to us to execute it, bi neither of them had Jacksou'a coolnee foresight or execution. The result wa for a whole day my two divisions did tl work of that terrible conflict, and tl carnage was fearful. I lo3t more me than at Chickamauga. Hancock's, Sic les' and Sedgwick's commanda were i engaged against us. Toward night oi ol the other corps had a slight engag ment, and occupied some entrenchmer on the right which had been abandone The result of the -econd days fighting need not refer to. The damage bad bei done, and the mistake made upon t first day, when a direct assault w made." Here Gen. Longstreet took from 1 pocket a mcinoraucium of a letter frc Gen. Lee, which read : "If I bad tak you advice, thc result would have be different at Gettysburg." A COMPARISON WITH METZ. "At Metz, during the Franco-Fruasi wap, identically tho same; station betwe thc French and Prussian armies v presented aa between ours al Gettysbu I was at New Orleans then, and had map of the country before me. Wh tho French army moved to Metz, leavi Rheims, Von Moltke bis adrante and moved bis army in between Mi ami Rheims. When that move v made I said to several gentlemen, w were watching the progress of that v 1 with me, that thero was the position Gettysburg over agaiu, but that V Moltke bad taken advantage of f movement from Rheims to Metz, a was master of the situation. He v nearer Rheims and nearer Paris than I French commander, and, if we had mi the same move at Gettysburg, we woi 1 have been nearer Washington or Phi dolphin than Meade, and could bl ! forced bim to attack us. If we 1 moved to thc right of Cemetery Hill,? taken position between it and Washii \ ton, tho resull at Gettysburg would ht been diff?rent. Less than a week al . Von Moltke moved into thc positioi speak of MacMabon was a prisoner, i the war betwe en the two Powers waa \ X\\t\\\y at r.n c.... "1 eec that Davis undertakes to m Lee a partner with him in bis plan guerrilla warfare in the mount? ? after the contest between tho gre-at ' mies bad been decided." I "I am satisfied that Gen. Leo nt 1 had any sympathy with or recommen any such action. I remember distini that one ilny bo came nie lo, evidet froml Dax L-?, and asked my opinion oft? a pinn. I told h.m that I was uncqui cally oppoaed to any such proceed and thought '.bat it was criminal, to j ? long tho war alter Lo waa practic , certain that there was no chance of sue- . cess. Ho entirely agreed with me, and ! beth Iiis speech and manner showed mo that he condemned it as heartily as I. The j attempt to connect Gen. Lee's name with I ! that idea after lie is dead is, in my judg ; ment, contemptible. I am certain that j Gen. Lee never contemplated taking j part in or countenancing any ?uch barba rism. Gen. Lee was a great and noble character. There was nothing mean or small about him. He had an exalted position before the world and a supreme place in the hearts of tho Southern peo ple. It was a great fail for him when ho discovered that he had lost the light, but I ho was above even thinking of carrying on uncivilized conflict. He was not ro- : sponsible for tho disasters which befell j the South. Jeff. Davis was the man who ! ruined the Confederacy." Horse Kneing at the State Fair. 1 Tho last Legislature appropriated . *2,?<M) "for the aid of the State Agricul tural und Mechanical Society." This was nothing sirauge, for the same thing has been repeated year after year. The whole thing is wrong and contrary to true democratic principles. This Society has no right to a subsidy from thc State. It is a private incorporation, and if any money is made by it the State does not reap the benefit, and thc taxes of the people arc not reduced. The incorpora tors have a right to pocket tho money. This Society has no more right to tho money than that at Greenville or Ander son. It is taking "money from one claus ol' citizens to pay tribute to another," which is diametrically in conflict with the time honored principles of the Dem ocratic party, as will be seen by reference i to another column. There is no justice ? in taking money, under thc form of law, from John Smith, who perhaps is in dis tressed circumstances, and paying Stover to 13. F. Craytou, President of this So ciety, for his own use and profit. To make our meaning plain, suppose this Society should make, clear of all ex pens- ? cs, the sum of $2,."iOU at its next exhibi- j tion. What becomes of it '.' Who is to ? divide it? Is it handed over to the State j for thc reduction of taxes? Don't the ! President nnd stockholders take the i money and put it into their own pock ets? So, here is William Jones, who has a wife and nine children, with not a dollar aheud, working rented 1 nd and getting what he eats under a "lien," compelled to pay a tax to keep np a set of taney farmers, who wear kid gloves and swallow-tailed coats, and don't do a lick of honest work from one year's end to another. The argument that this Society could not get along without help from the State is no just reasou why money should be given it in charity. One of the prin ciples laid down by Thomas Jefferson and since held by all true Democrats, was this : "The money collected by taxation should be expended only ou thc objects specified in the Constitution. It may not bo distributed to favorites in the form of bounties or of subsidies, nor given away in charity." The appropriation must be on the ground of charity. The Society does not help along the government of the State. Tho money paid to it does not protect life, liberty or property. It don't pay the salaries of our officers or keep up th?; Courts. No man gets any per centage from this expenditure unless it be the managers of this Society, which since the day of ila organization has not been able to pay it.: own expenses, but like the "horse leech" has been continu ally crying, "Give! give!" The worse feature about this dimity is yet io be loid. If the money was wasted in buying blue ribbons to put on the good mules and fine milch cows ex hibited, it would not he throwing away money for an immoral und sinful purpose. There might be some profil in a good plow on exhibition, aud there might be some sense in te?ting steam engines, gins and threshers at these "annual fairs." Hut to ask the people of this State to pay money out to sustain horse-racing is au example of check not equaled in this age. Still this thing is done every year, and money is voted out of the people's pockets to keep up the sport of horse racing, which ?B deemed immoral by the majority of reputed Christians. The lust premium list sent us contains a pro gramme for racing which will be kept up for three days. A regular committee has been appointed by the Society to supervise the race.t. Punes are offered, for the whole affair will bo conducted accordiug to regular horse-racing rules. The people pay for thc whistle. Horse racing is gambling, and tho people pay for it. Preachers denounce 'A, and re puted Christians oppose it, but are forced to keep it up. What connection has a race horse with farming or mechanics ? Speed does not recommend a plough or wagon horse. If speed is wanted why don't the Society offer a prize to a fast mule or ox ? Voling money for this Society is "lay ing 'tribute" on the people to keep up a sport of questionable kind. Or it is giving money raised by 1 xation away in charity. It ls radically wrong and un justifiable. A stop should bc put io it, or Christians should cease to denounce such things. We don't wish to do the Society an injury, but we desire the peo ple to know what becomes of part of thc money they aro workiug for this hot July weather. It is wrongfully and im providently given away for the benefit I of a certain class of citizens in paying for their amusements.-Abbeville Medium. IT SAW HIM Too.-Two of our towns men recently took a trip to the moun tains. They stopped at a farm house for refreshments, and the lady of tho house placed before them some nice, cool butter-milk, which she had kept cool in a spring house. Unfortunately for the reputation of the house and thc stomach of one of our friends, nn npcrturo had been left in tho covering of thc ve-scl in which a little bull frog had gone into the milk. In pouring tho m;.ik out at thc table, the frog was poureJ into thu glass of our friend but wa'? not discovered until after he had taken several sips, when the frog came to the ton and poked his head out for air. Our friend discov ered the unwelcome presence and was gazing at his frogahip in amuzetnent, when the good lady exclaimed: "Stran ger, what's the matter? Do you see a mote in your milk?" Our friend replied, "yes madam, and what is worse it see? mc roo." Our friend concluded to finish his dinner without butter milk, ami, we suppose, thc lady resolved to warre a war of extermination on the hull frogs about ber spring house.-Pickens Sentinel. - Indications are ihr.t a Legislature will be elected in Mississippi which will return Mr. Lamar to thc '"nited States Renate. - Italian laborers are nearly us un popul?r in Fiance a? thc Chinese are in California, because they work for wages nt which a Frenchman turns up his nose, and becauso they arc steadier and more intelligent. ABOUT THE CLYDES. Thu Pushing I'coplu Who Arv Uoholtng Our Itnllroail*. lt. \Y. <!., in Atlanta t .institution. There is probably no influence BO vaguely understood, and yet so import ant to us, as that comprised in the terms, "the Clyde Syndicate. The name of Clyde suggest-? steamships' just tts that of Pullman brings up sleep ing cars. And while a company of men operating under this name, swarmed along the Atlantic coast and linked the separate roads into a comprehensive sys tem, our people swore by tito flavor o? the sea-breeze, and dreamed of r. mari time power that bail come to conquer the laud after it had whitened the seas. As. to who the Clydes were-as to whether they were singular or plural-whether they really beaded tho company, 01 whether the syndicate worked in the shadow of a great nanto-very few peo ple knew, and few er more seemed to care. When the people dream of argosies what do they caro for personalities? And yet, tho men who compose this syndicate have taken so linn a hold upon the South, have become such important factors in ber growth, and will have so much to do with ber future, that I ara tempted to give to our readers what 1 know of them and their affairs. Theil interest in Georgia may be epitomized in the statement that they own the Air Line Road, control the Northeastern, art pledged to pierce the mountains through Kabun Gap, and have joined with Gen Gordon's association to give Atlanta a line to thc coal fields and to the Missis sippi. The bist member of the Syndicate thal merila attention is the man whose nam? it bears-W. P. Clyde. The elder Clydt is still living, but has virtually retiree from business, and William 1'. Clyde i: now tho head of the line. Ho is a mat of about -i'? years of age, though bi hardly looks so much. A Marylandci by birth, his life bas been spent or. tin sea. His father was a steamship man and educated William to succeed him it his business. At the age of Vi ho wai sent to sea, and made an accomplisbet sailor. He knows a ship as a jocko; knows a horse, and is a skilful navigator He could take a ship to day and carr; ber into any waters on thc globe. Fo' years he has carried the main rcsponsi biiitiea of the g.cat Clyde steam.-bi| company. Some idea of what thi means may be had from the stateinen that at one lime eighty-two ships sai lei under the Clyde colors, touching nearl; every shore on earth. At present ove forty steamships are run by the company supplying some of tho most importan commercial routes. There arc few handsomer men tba Mr. Clyde-erect, graceful, with wbiakei just tinged with gray, a frank and win ning face, be is comely and conviucinf Back of these advantages be bas thr direct, forcible and polished mannt notable among '.be men of affairs in Ne' York. He may be found any day bi tween the boura of 10 and 4 at bis oflic on lower Broadway, affable and quid no more unapproachable than if hewet the humblest merchant in the city. Di ring thc summer be lives upon his yarli and this I meau in its literal sense. H. family, a wife and five pretty cbildrei are at some seaside resort, but bc has b yacht anchored off the Broadway wha about fifty yards from shore. This yacl cost, it is said, over $00,000, and is model of luxury and beauty. it is ru by steam, and makes fifteen miles r hour. Fitted up with every convenient that can be desired-its larder eton with the best of the markets, and i closets with the rarest wines-manned I an expert crew, it is certainly a mod summer home. At 4 every afternoon 1 summons half a dozen friends-timm the yacht can easily accommodate twel -and going to the wharf signals L crew. A yawl is at once sent to sbo aud the party is soon on board. Tl yacht is then started for a sail iu ll picturesque waters about New Yor loafing towards Coney Islaud or to Lot Branch, while the company adjusts then selves to catch thc breezes and aduii the Bceuery or leisurely discuss a dinn that cannot be surpassed at Delmonico A night un this yacht in i dsuuimer ii luxury beyond any power of descriptk Mr. Clyde has a famous rifle with whi< he can bring donn seagulls on the wir His yacht is perfectly seaworthy, and bas made the trip with ber to Cuba a frequently to Norfolk. He is devoted ber, and maintains her at a cost of mt than $1,000 a month. The bolder of the largest block in t Clyde syndicate ia a comparatively you man-George W. Perkins, President tho Mercantile National Bank of K York. Mr. Perkins comes of a fam remarkable for its steadiness and fini cial ability. 1 am not sure Jiout it, I think they aro New Englanders-P kins certainly being a traditional N England name. The family is now n resented in the business life of N York by three brothers, G. W., E. and ld, W. Perkins. The last unmet a bachelor and the head of an import; brokerage house. Ho was a General the Federal army, and is tbf- eldest of three brothers. " The next one, E. 1 is President of the Importer's i Trader's Bank, one of thc largest, if the largest, banking institutions America. Its career has been one I almost incredible success. The tl brother is, as I have stated, President I the Mercantile National Bank, it>elf i of tho big institutions ol New Yi 1 The three brothers are very dann believe very strongly in each other, work band in glove in most of their terprises. They live nt the Wini Hotel, which is the headquarters in I York of the heavies' financial men, a place second only to the Stock change, if even to that, in fixing pt and shaping the financial and raili policy ot thc country. George W. Perkins "is about thi eight years of age. He is a thin ri with cheeks a bit sunken, bright j ey?s, Bandy whiskers, and a dcci though deliberate manner. In con lion with bis brothers and the frii who pin their faith to thc Perkins' j ment they have practically unlin j capital for any enterprise in which I may engage. Under these circumsta ! -being in perfect health, ambit j successful ana far seeing, young and ' orous-he will bc a very important fi i in thc progress of Ibis country for . next ten years. It is a fortunate thing that Mr. ' kins has become impressed with the j tnat the South is the best field fe vestment and enterprise. Said he: t "The South is the field that offert ! widest opportunity and promises tin returns. Thc other sections of the t try have been overrun already am best chances al) taken. The South, ever, is a comparatively new field, tho next few years will sec a dev mont in that section, a ri?e in Sou values and an appreciation of Sou opportunity that will astonish cvci coolest-headed of us. These are the principal membe the Clyde Syndicate. The contn Southern members arc tho Stewar ! Richmond, two brothers of enterprise ? and sagacity, wlio are estimated to bc . wortb anywhere from $12.000,000 to ! $7,000,000, and (.Jen. T. M. Logan. (Sen. j Logan is the attorney of the Syndicate, 1 and. without a large lortune, has by his , industry and sagacity amassed a very 1 pretty property, and is in thc way of 1 adding very largely to it by the realiza* ' lion of heavy investments in the near ; future. Ile is one of tho leading spirits : in the Syndicate, is the head of tho cou? ; htruction coinpanv that lias charge of building the new lines. There is proba ; bly no man in the company whose opiu 1 ion is worth more than his] in w"*?bt or ' accuracy, lie will be remembered as ' perhaps the youngest General in the Con federate army-certainly one of tho J youngest. Ho is a South Carolinian by , hirth, a man of ?mall stature, bul is ; built entirely of nerves, muscles, and run j by electricuy. These, then, aro the men ' who C?ke up the controlling junta of I tho Clyde syndicate-\V. P. Clyde, tho three Perkinses, the two Stewart? and T. j M. Logan. Of course, there aro trusted i officials who own part of tho stock, and i : who have cxecutivo charge of the roads I in tho system-but these are the men i who control. And now, what is it they j control ? The affairs of this Syudicate, vast and j outstretching as they are, are controlled by a very small bulk of stock. The Richmond and Danville corporation is the key to the situation. It is the organ ization through which all thc work is done and the responsibilities assumed. Owing to certain legal difficulties in thc way of tho railroad company making leases and purchases, various subsidiary organizations have been made, but they aro always controlled by the same men who control the Richmond and Danville. For the purpose of building new roads, "construction" companies are formed, but these are always officered and controlled by tba men of thc Syndicate. The cor poration is sometimes changed a bit, and often made closer, but thc essential ele ments of organization tire always the samo. In one way or another these gen tlemen control now over !,f?00 miles of railroads that are laid like welts over the Carolinas and Virginia and command the northeastern section of Georgia. Re sides this they now have projects that are well-defined that involve the building of about 700 miles more. Indeed the future of this coinpanv is hurd to limit. Its alliance with Gen. (Jordon and his asso ciates opens the way into the Southwest where Jay Gould says "thc empire of the future is enthroned." Already assured of a route to the Mississippi Uiver, and of at leust four feeding lines in Alabama and Mississippi, through tho Gordon Syndicate, the Clyde people may very well lift their eyes to Mexico and the Pacific. This close alliance with tho Pennsylvania Railroad people gives them thc very best of eastern connections and n good base from which to push out. The progress of this syudicate has been partly the reBult of accident, but almost entirely the result cf the development of the South as a field fr investment and the sagacity of a few i u in discovering this. The Richmond nd Dunville waa broken down, of course, during tho war. After tho war tho Pennsylvania Road, through one of ita auxiliary companies, advanced it considerable sums of money. In a short timo a few gentlemen, Reci?o that it could be bought cheap, organized the Clyde syndicate aud purchased it, Thc first intention was simply to patch il up, and when it had appreciated in value, sell it. Tho men in chargo of it seeing, however, that there waa a great oppor tunity ahead for the men who wert shrewd enough to fuse into one systen: the disjointed roads of the Atlantic coaBt made tho Richmond and Danville tin basis from which they organized theil present schemes. The total stock of thil road is only $4,000,000, or 40,000 aliare? Of this stock thc Clyde Syndicate hold: I 28,000 shares that is*o permanent invest ! ment and put away for thc purpose o : holding the convrol of the road againsi all cornera. (if the remaining 12,001 shares, about 8, J00 aro held by tho mern bera of the sy .dicato individually or bj their friends Th?r? is consequen th very little ou the market, and a brisl buying movement, inaugurated a shot time Binco by Mr. John James and Mt Hugh Carlise, the price was put up enor I mously before they could secure th re j thousand shares, lt ia doubtful if thet is a caso on record where so small a bloc ! of stock nu tho Clyde people now hold i j tho Richmond and Danville, lesa tba ' $3,000,000 at par value, aud which cof ; them less than $2,000,000 gave an I maintained absolute control of such a enormous aystem of completed and pr< jected roads. Death of (jen. Pemberton Gen. John C. Pemberton, who con mantled tho Confederate forces at Vick burg when nurrendered to Gen. Gran I died in Penlyun, Pa., on the afternoon i ! Wednesday, July 13, nt about 5 o'c'oc The deceased wus born in Philadelphi , in 1817, and, ent?rine: West Point, grai i uated in 1837. He was promoted to j First Lieutenant of Artillery in 184 ' and acted as aide-de-camp to ( Sen. Wor I during tho Mexican war. For gallant I at Monterey, in 1840, he was brevetti as Captain, and as Major for gallantry Molino del Rey in 1847. Ile also di tinguished himself at Contreras ni Cherubusco, and at the capture of t city . f Mexico, in which he was wotin I ed. He became Captain September 1 lhfiO, and resigned in 1861. to enter t j Confederate service as a Colonel of Ca ! airy. He was appointed Assistant A I jutant General to General Joseph , Johnston, and in 18G2 he became a liri > adier-Oeneral and anon alterwarda Lie I teuant-Gencral. He was assigned lo t ' command of thc army in Northern M : sissippi, but, being defeated at Champi Hills, May 16, 180??, and at Mig Bia I River, thc next day, bc r .. ed I Vicksburg, where he was shu: up ? Gen. Grant. The latter made an exp imental assault upon Pcmberton's lin May 19, but, being repulsed, settled do to a regular siege. sn. dam n ioi were increased to 70,000, while Pcmb ton had hut 2.r>,000 effective men, .. deficient in amunition and hud rath for only sixty days. The in vest ni' ! continued with AU almost constant bc I burdment until Janunry :jd, when, h j ing no hope of relief, Pemberton invi I an interview with Gen. Grant, and j next day, July 4, 18(3:1, Vicksburg \ ! surrendered on honorablo terms. 'J j same day witnessed the first struggh i Gettysburg, BO that this period was ju: ! considered the decisive crisis of the v I The prisoners surrendered at Vicksb I_r_i .-?-? rw./i .?. - ._?_>_:- ' iii. .it'1 it 'i ,i;u?., ute luiai |in.iiuui of tho Confederates being reckoned 10,1)00, and tho total Union loss at 8,1 At thc closc'of the war ho was inspe 1 of artillery, commanding at Charles South Carolina. When peace was stored he became a farmer near War; ton, Fauquer county, Vitginin. Hot 1 sentiently engaged in business in Pl I dolphin. f - A. IL Moore, of Montgomery c< . ty, Pa., values his kennel of dog: r j $7.r?,ooo. A MILLIONAIRE HIN EH. Thc Career of a iiouanza Kine-A, H? uiaiicn of AIluliiK' Denier Cur. St. Imiia Globe-Democrat. I buil heard HO much about Tabor's mines and Tabor's buildings aud Tabor'j schemes from thc lime I crossed the lino which separates total abstinence Kansas from drink-as-you-pleaso Colo/ado, that 1 was quite anxious to meet the bonanza king lace to face. My curiosity was amply gratified to-day. Hy the courtesy of Governor I'itkin, I occupied a place on tho balcony of the Stale House while the splendid militia companies of Den ver and Leadville passed in review under tho Executive eye. A number of the Slate olbcers assisted tho Governor, and among them was Lieutenant C.overnor Tabor, arrayed in tho uniform of the Tabor Guards, bis strong, bony head sur mounted by a little skull cap apparently .wo sizes too small. His warmest admirers would not call Mr. Tabor either handsome or graceful, He is apparently about fifty-live, his hail is black and as coarse as au Indian's, and his large mouth is covered rathei than ornamented by a heavy moustache, which is slightly tinged with gray. Uh anns and legs seem made of wood ant) his joints ol iron, and it is very evident that be docs not feel at all at home in a military uniform. In conversation with this luckiest ol men one soon forgets his peculiarities oi manners and appearance. There is si much straightforwardness and strong common sense in what bo says thal u* one svho knows him wonders that he hat become one of thc great masters of tin great art of money making. His history is one of the romances o mining. Twenty-two years ago, whet tho "Pike's Peak or bust" fever was at it. height, Tabor and bis wife left thei hungry home in .Maine to seek a furtum in tho wild West. They didn't find it For eighteen weary years they went u? und down the foot bills and mountains o Colorado, pursuing the phantom gob and growing old and discouraged in thei tirecome and bootless search. He wa jober aud she thrifty, but somehow the; Jitl not get on in the world. Now, when they have moro million than they had hundreds then, Mrs. Tabo delights in telling how "me and Tabor moved in an ox leam across the Par! From Denver to Oro City, where the; started a little store for the sale of minen ?supplies. Oro eily was a small cam ?tbout two miles from where Lcadvill now nourishes, and where the lir*t dil covetics of quartz were made in Lead ville. Tabor "grubstaked" two prospect jrs, August Mische and George Fryer, t search for ore, on tho condition that li diould have half of all they should di: lover. The first ort they found ran only eigl ounces to tho lon, but ns they went dow an "Little Pittsburg" Ibo quality steadil improved. About tiiis lime Lcadvill hau otilgrowu Oro City, and Tala moved his store to the larger place. 1J came to Den?cr aud bought a bill < ^oods amounting to $2,500, and not ba iug money enough to settle, be offert his share in tho mine to thc Denver fin but they preferred to take their chane an getting their money bick when he hi disposed of the wares. Later bu bougl 53,700 worth of goods from another fin and actually succeeded in inducing the to take bis half of Little Pittsburg payment. When be reached home, however, 1 received a letter from tue firm askii him to take back bis mine, aa they bi no desire to go into that kind of businci and assuring bim that they would tn lum for the bill. Well they might, for witbiu tbr months he had bought out both bis pa nora for about $150,000, paying them u af the proceeds of the mine, and had turn sold out tu Cbaffee. Moffatt & C for $1,000,000. In all he made abu SI,,'100,000 on tho mine, which WUB th stocked at $20,000,000, yielded soi ?5,000,000 to its new purchasers, and now an empty ruin so far as appearam go. Thousands of people in all parts of t country who bought this stock at far prices in the belief that they would mn 1,000 per cent, on tho investment, n feel that they were deceived and robl by the cleve/ men who manioulated I shares; but to a disinterested outsidei looks as if thc duplicity of the sell would have proved fruitless but for I unhealthy greed of tho buyers. So as 1 know, Tabor had nothing to do li the stock deal, but Chadee and Moil' who got the. credit of engineering t gigantic scheme, and are heartily ha for i' in some places, and are v wealthy and highly respected citizens Denver. Since the Little Pittsburg strike evt thing that Tabor bas touched has tur to gold. His interests aro scattered every direction throughout th*? Sta und, as if this whilom cross-roads nu keeper couldn't tlncl enough to occ his mind in Colorado, he rushes of New York every now and then lo li some fun with the boys in Wall sti When he first turned up in that ce of sharp practico they took bira fo greeny who had made his money eai and would part with it readily. In o words, "they played him for a suck and they will never make that kind mistake in bis case again. He ba? veloped a talent for handling vast s of money wisely that surprises all those who used to play ten-cent i poker with him in the old days. On these, dressed in brown canvas, spea of Tabor's luck and judgment, the n diy, said : "Horace was the best ten cent p player in amp. He always km when lo come in and when lo stay when to bluff and when to lay dc when a DIP II knows these things in < be's able to bold bis own and make way anywhere if he ever gets a chai Thc speaker evidently either d "know them things" or bis chance li come yet. Tabor's wealth now is variously mated between $4,000,000 and $10, 000, but it is doubtful if even be < state its exact figure. N.. twithstai his sudden leap from poverty to mil he is as plain and approach tble as His only son and heir is one of lin secs of thc Windsor Hotel, and is to be a shrewd, level-headed young Mrs. Tabor delights in lino clothes mouds and New England grammar is now enjoying a tour of Europe. - There arc a few cases of j fever at Pensacola, Fla. - The Haltimore Sun closes an rial on "Tho Industrial South" wi following paragraph : "A survey i whole field is full of encourage new capital from without : new m manufacturing and agricultural tries within : new railroad entci leading to a new stimulus to Lim lion : new courage and hopefulii business undertakings. These arc ing signs of a prosperity, proser prospective, which will bo contem with pleasure by all men having ai the good of the whole country." THE SURRENDER OF YORKTOWN'. Mm-rliiiiir tu tho Time, "Tho World Turned I'pnlde Down," From Harper's Magazine. At noon of tho 19th (October) we buvu th? first net of surrender. Yorktown changed hands. Two redoubts on the lett of tho enemy's works were at that hour taken possession of by detachments from the allied army, Col. Richard Hul ler commanding the American and Mar tinis Laval the French party, each of 100 ? men. At '1 o'clock wo reach the closing ? scene. The army of Cornwallis marched out as prisoners of war, grounded their arms, and then marched back. Accounts agree in describing tV.e display and cere mony on the occasion as quite imposing. The British appeared in new uniforms, distributed among them a few days be fore, and it only required tho flying of their standards to give their march the effect of a holiday parade. Hut their colors were cased, and they were prohib ited from playing either a French or an American tune. This was the return of a compliment, a piece of justifiable as well as poetic retaliation on thc part of the Americans for what the enemy were pleased lo command when Cen. Lincoln was compelled to surrender at Charleston the year before. Th? mutter came up al the meeting of the commissioners. "This is a harsh article," said HOBS lo Laurens. "Which article?" answered tho latter. I "The troops shall march out wit/. . 'his cased and arums lidding a Hritish or a German march." "Yes, sir," returned Laurens with a touch of sang froid, "it is a harsh arti cle." "Then," said Ross, "if that is your opinion, "why is it herc?" \ Whereupon Laurens, who had been made prisoner at Chai teston with Lin coln's army, proceeded to remind Ross that the Americans on that occasion had made a bravo defence, but wero ungul luutly refused any honors of surrender other than to march out with colors cased and drums not beating a British or a Uerinnn march. "Hut," rejoined Boss, "my Lord Corn wallis did not command al Charleston." ' There, ?ir," said Luurens, "you ex tort another observation. It in not tho individual that is here considered ; it is the nation. This remains an article, or I cease to be a commissioner." Nothing molo was to he said ; the arti cle >lood, and the enemy marched out with color.-, cased, while the tune they chose to follow wa? au old Hritish march with ibo quilo appropriate title of "The world turned upside down." As the prisoners moved out of their works ulong the Hampton road they found tho French and American annies drawn up on either sido of the way, the Americans on the right, and extending for more than a mile toward thc held ot Burrender. The French troops presented u brilliant spectacle in their while uni forms, with plumed and decorated ollicers ut their head, and gorgeous standards of white silk, embroidered with golden fleurs-de-lis, Heating along the line. The Americans were le.-s of un attractior in outward appcurance, but not thc les eagerly eyed by their late antagonists. Among the war-worn Continentals there was variety of dress, poor at the best, distinguishing the men of the different lines; hut to compensate for lack of ?how there was a soldierly hearing about them which commanded attention. The militia formed in their rear presented a less martial aight so far as clothing and order were concerned. But all these men were conquerors, and their very ap pearance bespoke tho hardships and pri vation they and their States had under gone to win in tho struggle. At the brad of tho respectivo lines were thu com manding generals, nobly mounted Washington, Rochambeau, LaFayette, Lincoln, Steuben, Knox and tho rest. Leading the British came Cen. O'Hara instead of Cornwallis. The latter plead ed illness, but he seul his sword by O'Hara to be given up to Washington. As O'Hara advanced to tho chief, he waa referred to Lincoln, who upon receiving thc sword aa a token of the enemy's sub mission, immediately returned ii to the Hritish General, whose troops then marched between the two lines to a field on the right, where they grounded their arms. A NOVEL WAY TO KIM. A SNAKE. One tiny last week, Tom Elwood, who is well known in Charlotte, was in town, und tilled up pretty considerably on the ar dent. Ou his way home, a colored mau driving bis wagon, he discovered a moc casin snake by the roadside. He order ed his driver to stop and got out to kill thc snake. Catching his snakeship with a strong grasp in bia right hand, about Btnidship, the reptile showed vigorous I fight and hit Elwood three times on the I arra. Becoming incensed at such treat ! ment he asserted with au oath that he would not be outdone as ti bitist. and attempted to get the snake's head into bia own mouth with a view of returning the compliment. In his attempt to do so the snake again bit him scveroly on the cheek, winch only rendered him more furious. Ho finally succeeded iti getting a death grip on the snake with his teeth and actually bit otf its head. Strang? to suv the snake's bites, usually considered poisonous, had no appreciable effect upon Elwood, who a u noun ces that he i* a rampant Buti-prohibitionist, because he thinks thc whiskey in him at the lime Eirobably saved his life. If he will go lack to first principles wc think ho will find good reason tor being on the prohi bition hide, because none bul a drunken man would tackle a snake after that style. - Charlotte Observer. Titr. WHISKY BUSINESS.-Neither Kansas nor Maine has got hohl of the right way to suppress tho whisky busi ness; but they can follow thc lead ot one of the villages in France, and, perhapa, achieve success. In this village liquor was imbibed as freely as water, and there were not enough sober people to tnke the drunken ones home. A manufacturer, three merchants and a hotel keeper cori bincd their wits to bring about a reform, | and the result was a proclamation de clining to do any business whatever with i a tippler. They would regard him aa a fool or a lunatic, and would transact bus iness only with his guardian. The ine briates laughed at the idea, but tho ring stood firm, and in a fortnight's time ibero was a great change. No drinker could securo employment in the factory nor buy a yard of cloth or an ounce of pro visions or secure a bed at tho hotel, and in a month the Bight of a drunkard was rare Indeed. - Ono hundred ami nineteen peasant women and girls have just beeu burned to death on tho estate of Olgiu, in the province of Kursk, near Ktcfl*, on the borders of Little Russia, in the south west of tho Empire. The unfortunates were first confined in a barn or granary by tho steward of the estate for having refused to do tho work which they are utill called upon to perform according to the provisional obligations of the Eman cipation act. Tho barn waa set on fire by somo of the villagers. News and Gossip. - The employees of the Post Office Department number (35,000. - The cxecutoru of Lord Beaconsfield report his estate worth $.'100,000. - Southern Texas is to bc traversed by a net-work of narrow-gauge railroads. - In Cincinnati, there were twenty seven deaths frr."i suustroke on thc I3tb inst. - Six lines of railroad now enter j Denver, and three more are soon to be I added. j - There are over 20,000 children in thc public schools of St. Louis who are studying German. - Tho first car^o ol fruit direct from the West Indies since thc war arrived at Richmond, Va., last week. - . The strawberry growers of a single county in Maryland realized over ?100, 000 this year un their crops. - The potato crop of thu United States will, it is believed, reach 125,000, 000 bushels this vear, valued at $100, 000,000. - The average English and American brain is said to weigh 15.7 ounces, against French, 44.0; German, 44.1; Italian, 41 ; Negro, 40.5. - A Philadelphia mau, being slapped ?ll the face by bis wife, turned while with rage, stood still for a moment as though irresolute, and I lu '\ procuring a gun from a" adjoining room, committed suicide. - There arc 11.008 factories in New York city, employing 202,459 people, of whom 183.098 are men, 03,482 women and 05,373 children. Most of this vast anny ?H combined in a demand for Sat urday half holidays. - Ii the President recovers, Guiteau can only be punished by eight years im prisonment. A lawyer suggests that each of the boarding house keepers whom be has swindled make complaint against him, thus insuring his lodgment in jails throughout the country for the remainder of his life. - A woman belonging lo the sect called Perfectionists undertook to run herself to death al Dallas, Texas. She got the. idea from a Scriptural passage about "running the race to thc end," that if she run till she die! she would go direct to Heaven. She could not kill herself by pedestrianism, however, and resorted to drowning instead. - The new prohibitory liquor law is not working smoothly in Kansas. Juries have refused to convict partita of violat ing tho law even upon thc clearest evi dence of guilt. The authorities of ono town having acted in direct opposition to the law, some of the more earnest advocates of the law want the Governor to call the militia to enforce it. - The Governor of Texas, in respond ing to tho request ot Governor Foster to have a day of thanksgiving and jubilee for the recovery of the President, apolo gizes for bis long delay, and says : "I do not deem it consistent with my positiou as Governor to issue a proclamation di recting religious services, wbero church and State are or lo be kept separate in their functions.'' - Two person?, a Dr. Howie and a Mrs. Stewart, arrived at Niagara Falls on thc 5th instant. Next day they visi ted the Falls together. They had regis tered as man and wife. Thc result of their guilty amours was that they delib erately leaped into the rapids, and thus passed into the eternal world. Howie wrote to l?is wife begging ber forgiveness. Mrs. S. was 38 and the Doctor was 42. - A father-in-law of N. T. Olson, aged 70 years, had his left ear cut entirely off by a plowshare recently. He was un hitching a mule team from a plow and bad them nearly loose when the mules star'od, and in his endeavor to check them ho was thrown lo tho grouud and the plow ran over him, cutting off his ear and making ar ugly scalp wound on thc back of tue nead. The attending pbvsician bas the ear preserved in alco hol". - Greenlea!', near Fort Gibson, Kan sus, in the Cherokee Nation, a point about 50 miles west nf Fort Smith, was recently the scene of a horrible tragedy. The Creek and Cherokee Indians were having a barbecue, preliminary to nomi nating their candidate for the. ensuing election next month. Whiskey flowed freely. Two full-blooded Indians, Bill Lovett aud Deer Track, becamo drunk, and in their frenzy made an onslaught on some of tho party. Seven mon were killed and mortally wounded. The mur derers are at large, and no efforts are being made to arrest them. - . The Spanish government has issued a decree allowing Jews to return to that country, from which they were brutally expelled and banished in 1402. Tho concession has been secured by tho in tervention of an influential Jew at Con stantinople, who suggested to the Spanish minister that bis fellow-countrymen, who were receiving such bad treatment iu Russia, Germany and eastern Europe, might be again received into Spain, where they achieved such prosperity during the middle ages. Sixty tbousaud Jewish refugees have arrived in Turkey, and it is proposed to have these continue their exodus to Spain, thc country which for seven centuries was the only part ol Europe where they were free from perse cution and their rights were respected Their subsequent treatment during th? fifteenth century is one of tho darkes blots in Spanish history. - Thc Knoxville, (Tenn.,) Dispatch in speaking of the messago of sympathy sent by Governor Hagood for the Stat of South Carolina to Secretary Blain on thc 3d of July, utters the followini words: "Noble utterances. Tboy wil rise in history. They will form adiadcr. upon the brow of tho Palmetto Stat? They will bespeak ber praises long, Ion after this and succeeding generation shall have passed away. It ?9 an impei isbablo boon to transmit to future gen orations: 'Express tho indignation ( the State at the attempted assassinatio of tho President, and convey to Mr Garfield ber profound sympathy.' W take off our bat to South Carolina. W knew before that she was a grand ol State. We certainly know il now. Ho tender and delicate tho allusion to Mr Garfield. She, too, needed sympath; She had scarcely risen from ber bed < ...a-_:_1 -.II'...:- ?til -u--ll. SUMCI mu ?in. ?tmlCtluu itu KUI? nt*-> ?.?III < as was (lien supposed, to the dying bc< sido of her husband. The ordeal wa? fearful one. It was oppressive and hear rending, but, woman-like, sbo boro patently, and showed not oven a partie of nervousness in tho presence of b fallon husband. How opportune, ho timely, how noble for South Carolin the "old Secession State," the first to fi upon Fort Sumter, to extend her gene ons band of sympathy and condolenc first to tho President and then to his n comn'inluvi wife! Glorious old Sou Carolina I"