University of South Carolina Libraries
BY E. B. MURKAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING, JUNE 23. 1RftT VOLUME XVI.-NO. 50 JEFFERSON DAT IS* BOOK. i "Bita au? ff\?SS ?2 Ui<3 3eai*&?a,itt* ??torera Advance ebeeU of Jefferson Davis' fe forthcoming book; entitled "The Rise and Fal) ?? -the Confederate Govern ment," ti ?ve been furnished to the press, They ?bow that Mr. Davis is aggressive Hi io the assertion of the righteousness of Wjf; the principles for which the Southern people fought. Utterly regardless of the l/y arbitrament made by the sword at Ap " ponvttox, or of the march of cents P since then, he defends accession, not only ra as a right, but as the corner-stone of the P ouly possible coG8titutional Union. Be ? gives soma interesting ?sots concerning I tho formation of bia Cabinet. Ho bad s intended offering tbe premiership of the Cabinet to Mr. R. W. Barnwell, of South Carolina, but the delegation of that State having recommended Mr. Memminger to g| be secretary of tbe treasury, he was torced to forego his first choice. Having thus |f disclaimed the responoibility of placing I the premiership in the bands of Mr. Toombs, who afterwards boasted that ho m "carried tbe State department in bis coat-tail pockets," Mr. Davie goes furth er and says : "Mr. Toombs was offered the place, tor which others believed bim to be well qualified." It bad been the intention of tho President to make Mr. Toombs secretary of tb? treasury on ac ? count of his "knowledge on subjects of |f finance." Tbe Cabinet otherwise was made up from Mr. Davis' personal knowl edge of tho men selected. THE BATTLES OF THE WAB. In describing tho great bat'Jes of the ???. war Mr. Davis writes graphically. He I is forced, of course, to be brief, as bo m has such an enormous area to cover; '0 and yet never lets the opportunity pass H of paying a tribute to somo fallen Con federate or denounco tbe course of the .?| Federals. lu beginning his history of the actual war be says : "We now enter ?5 upon thoso terrible scenes of wrong and blood in which tbe government of the United States, driven to desperation by our successful resistance, broko through every reatraint.of tbe Constitution, ol ft? national law, of justice and of human! m ty ." THE BATTLE Ol? MAN/'.JAB, W *t appears from Mr. Davis* Recount, waa I understood to be a crushing defeat be j fore the field was cleared. As the Pres '0 ident and bis party neared the battle }:? they met fugitives who announced that the Confederate army was beaten. Il was not until Gen. Johnston was reached I&: that it .was ascertained there had been s &f victory. Of the retreat of tho enemy hi y& 8av8 : "Our cavalry, though tbero was pres gjfc ent but the squadron previously men' }?g tinned, and from a statement of th? V;? commander of which I will make ex ?f? tr?ete, dashed boldly forward to thi M charge. The demonstration was fol ??h lowed by tho immediate retreat of wha -.4' was, I believe, tbe last, thereabout, o Sst tho euemy's forces maintaining theil af organisation and showing a dispositioi >.* to dispute the possession of the field o ??2. battle. In riding over tho ground i 5S$ seemed quite possiblo to mark the lim W. of a fugitive's flight. Here was a mus j|| ket, there a cartridge box, there a binn 'm ket or overcoat, a haversack, &c, as i the runner bad dripped himself as hi ES went of ail ifrjpedinients to speed. '.'Aa wo approached toward the left o our line tbe signs of an utter rout of thi ?enemy Were uumisinkabie, and justifie! the conclusion that the watchword o 'On to Richmond I' had been changed ti * 'Off for Washington !"? Ho notes the discovery of a larg* number of bandenffa. on the desertti field, over which bo discourses bitterly * Tho author insists and fairly demon strates*.that'bo appreciated the irapor i! tanca of immediate and vigorous pursui I of tho enemy, saying: "I then au ?gestea that he should b \ ordered in pursuit; u pause ensued, unti Col. Jordan asked me if I would dict?t .tho order. I at once dictated an.orde for immediate pursuit Some convenu tioc followed, the result of which was I modification of the order by myself, t i that, instead of immediate pursuit, : ? should be commenced at enrly dawi S Co!. Jordan spoke across the table to rai I Baying, 'If you will Bend the orden | you .first dictated ic, tho enemy won it step till bo gets into the Potomac' ? bell ovo I remember the words very nea I ly, and am quite sure that I do rememb< ! - them substantially." Thq blame of tho failure to pursue 1 \ places very clearly on Gen. Joseph 1 f- Johnston. Of the possibilities of a vlj \? orous pursuit be says: "Tbis view of the matter rests on tl supposition that tbe fortifications ac garrisons described did actually exist, i twhich there seemed then to be no dour. If the reports wbicb h.;vo since reach? us bo true, that there were at that tie neither fortifications nor troops stationl on the south bank of the Potomac ; tb all tho enemy's forces fled to tbe nor side of the river and oven beyond ; tb v the paulo of the routed army infect ? the wbolo .population of Washingu City, and that no preparation was ma or oven contemplated for the destruct!' - of the bridge across the Potomac ; th it may have been as many have osaertc I. that our army, following close upon t flying enemy, could have entered ai taken possession of the Uuited Stai capital. These reports, however, prese a condition of affairs altogether at va ance with the information upon wbi twe bad to act, TJjua it was, and, BO I as I fcn??f foy tbe reason above statt than an advance to tbe south bank the. Potomac was not contemplated tho immediate sequence of tho victc at Mansssas. What discoveries wot have been made and what results wot have ensued from the establishment oar guns upon the south bank of I LL, river to open fire upon the capital, i - speculative questions upon which ??m would bo useless to entor." Wt. THE TROUBLE WITH JO. JOHNSTON It appears from beginning to end I tbe boos that Geo. Johnston and 1 f Davis never agreed on a policy after ( ? f first battle of Manossos. Showing testimony that Johnston was to bia j for not pursuing the enemy from field, that his was the fault thet prev . g? ted the. investing of Vicksburg < . caused its lall, be then goes on to st that Johnston's dhrreganf of suggest! ?ff. end orders - gave Sherman an open n to Atlanta and enabled bim to cut : iy Confederacy in twain. He Bays 1 :'?i?c when Johrmton WM ?nim?iitort rn ,r&f; *?mmond of tho Army* ?f Tennessee .v| waa under distinct orders to make Wi aggressive campaign. .He says: ^Tbe fijllnwlng were among the c :M siderations presented to Gen. Johna ~M et ray request, bj Brig.-Gen. W. ../. Pendleton,' chief of artillery of P| Army^of Northern Virginia, on A ''1. To take the enemy ot disadvant ftp weakened, it is believed, by eeoc j&4 troops to Virginia end having otl w still absent on furlough. . "2. To break up bis plans by sn pating and frustrating his combinat! Vv.-> to pres? him in bia present v.'iv'i ns to prevent his heavier maa "4. To defeat him in battle ?ind gain great consequent strength in supplies, men and productive territory. "0. To prevent the waste of the army iocident to inactivity. "6. To inspirit the troops and the country by suet ese and discoutage the enemy. '7. To obv?ate the necessity of feUing back, which might probably occur if our antagonist be allowed to consummate his plans wilbtut molestation. "Gen. Johnston cordie,?y approved of an aggressive moveros?'\ *nl informed me of hie purpose *o ma'co it as soon as reinforcements and supplies, ttv>n on the way, should reach bim. Ho div' a? >. ap* ?rove of the proposed advance into 'ennesaee; He believed that the Fed eral forces in Tennessee were not weaker, but if anything stronger, than at Mis sionary Itidgo ; tbat defeat beyond the Tennessee would probably prove ruinous to us, resulting in tbe loss of bis army, the occupation of Georgia by tbe enemy, the 'piercing of the Confederacy in its vitals,' and the loss of all the Southwes tern Territory. He proposed, therefore, to stand on the defendive until strength ened ; 'to watch, prepare, and strike' as soon aa possible. ?s soon as reinforced be declared bis purpose to advance to Binggold, attack there, and, if successful, as he expected to be. to strike at Cleve land, cut the railroad, control the river, ' and thus Isolate Emst Tennessee, and as a consequence, force bis antagonist to give battle on this side of tho lenuessee Uiver. To enable Gen. Johnston to re pulse the hostile advance and assume the offensive, no effort was spared on tbe part of the Government. Almost all tbe available military strength of the South and West, in - men and supplies was pressed forward and placed at bis dispo sal. The supplies of tbe commissary, quartermaster, and ordinance depart ment of hitj army were represented au ample and suitably located. The troops, encouraged by the large accessions ol' strength which they saw arriving daily, mid which they knew were marching rapidly to their support, were eager to advance and confident in their power to achieve victory and recover the territory which they had list. Their position was such as to warrant the confident expec tation of successful resistance at least. Long mountain ranges penetrated by few and difficult roads and patbs and deep and wide rivers, seemed to render nur position one from which we could not be dislodged or turned, while that of tho enemy, dependent for supplies upon a single line of railroad from Nashville tc the point whare he waa operating, wau manifestly perilous. Tbe whole country ?hared the hope which the government entertained, that a decisive victory would Boon bo won in the mountains of Geor gia, which would free the South and \Vest f'otn invasion, would cpen to oui occupation and support, of our armin tbe productiva territory of Tennessee and Kentucky, and so recruit our arm] in the West as to render it impracticabh for tbe enemy to accumulate ?ddiliona forcea in Virginia." After detailing retreat after retreat o Johnston with bis splendid army o nearly seventy thousand men from tin strongest positions to be bad, the autho says : "Whether the superior numerics strength of the enemy," by enabling hin to extend his force beyond the flank o ours, did ?nereby necessitate the aban donmcoL of every position taken by ou army, and whether the enemy, dcclinin: to assault any of our intrenched camp! wouid have ventured to leave it io real upon his only line of communicatioi and supply, or whether .wo might hav obtained more advantageous results by vigorous- and determined effort to ?ttac bim in detail during some-of his arm flank movements, are questions apo wbich there has been a decidtxi connie of opinion and upon which it would b for me now neither useful not pleasar to enter. When it became known tbt the Army of Tennessee bad been succei sively driven from one strong positio to another until dually it had reache tho earth-works constructed for thc OJ terior defence of Atlanta, the popuh disappointment was extreme. The po sible tall of the 'Gate City,' with its in portant railroad communication, .va blores, factories for the manufacture < ell sorts of military supplies, rollie mills aud foundries, was now contempt: ted for the first time at its full value, at produced intense anxiety far and wid From many quarters, including such i had most urged his ,assTgnmont, can delegations, petitions aud letters urgii me to remove Gen. Johnston from tl command- of the army and assign tb Important trust to some officer who wou resolutely hold and defend Atlanta.' While snaring in the keen disappoic tnent st. the failure of the campai] which pervaded the wbolo country 1 w perhaps more apprehensive than otbt of the disasters likely to result from because 11 was in a position to estime moro accurately their probsble cst ot * * * Still I resisted tbe stea ily increasing pressure wbich was broug to bear to induce me to revoke his i sign mou t , and only issued the order i lieving him from command when 11 carno satisfied that bis declared purpt to occupy the works at Atlanta wi militia levies and withdraw bis ari into tho open country for freer operatic would inevitably result in the loss that important point, and wbero the treat would ceaso could not be loreto If the Army of Tennessee was- found be unable - to hold positions ' of gr ntrongth like those ci Dalton, Ssa Etowab, Kennesaw and on. the Cbal hooch?; I could not reasonably hope t! it would be more auccessful in tbe pla below Atlanta, where it would f neither natural nor artificial advanta of position." ATTACK ON SHERMAN. Alluding to Sherman's order that civilians, male and female, living in tanta must leave it within five days fi the issuance of the. order, Mr. Di saya : "Since Alva's atrocious cruelties tho non combatant population of Low Countries, in the sixteenth cent) the history of war records no instanc such barbarous cruelty as that wt this order designed to perpetrate. It volved the imm?diate expulsion f their homes sud only mean? of sut tenes of thousands of unoffending men and children, whose husbands father? wera either in the army, Northern prisons or bed died'in ba '*.? ?*2?n di- thc ??iijcr "."d csrpsr?c tbof?tiea of Atlanta appeal to Sheri to revoko or inodify thia inhuman oi representing in piteous language woe, the horror and the -offering, nt be described by word-,' which its ex rion would inflict on helpless women infant children. His only reply wat " 'I give fall credit to your statem of the distress that will bo occarione it, and yet shall not revoke my oi because my orders are not designe meet tho humanities of the case/ "At tho time appointed tho womer children were expelled from their ho and before they were parsed withlt lines complaint wa* gem.? illy made the Federal officers and mea who sent to guard tbe m bad robbed th? the few articles of value they bad been permitted to take from their hornea. The cowardly dinhonesty of its execu tioners was in perfect harmony with the temper and spirit of the order." TUB BURNING OF COLUMBIA. Still further of this General be says, touching the burning of Columbia. 8. C. : "Hypocrisy is tbo tributo which vice Eays tc virluo ; therefore, Gen. Sherman as endeavored to escapo the reproacher for tbe burning of Columbia by attribu ting it to Gen. Hampton's order to burn 1 the cotton io the city, tb?t it might not fall into tbe bands of the enemy. Gen. H'i*~ipton has proved circumstantially that Gen. Sherman's statement is untrue, and, though in any controversy to which Gen. Hampton may bo a party, no cor roborativo evidence is necessary to sub stantiate his assertion of a tact coming within hh, personal observation; hun dreds of unimpeachable witnesses bavo testified that tbe burning of Columbia was tho deliberate act of the Federal soldiery, and that it was certainly per mitted if not ordered by the command ing general/' And again: "Wore this the only instance of such barbarity perpetrated by Gen. Sherman's army, bis effort to escape the responsi bility might be more successful, because more plausible ; but when tho eulogists of his exploits note exultingly that 'wide-spreading columns of smoke rose wherever the army went,' when it ia in controvertibly true that the line of bis march could be traced by tho burning dwelling-house* and by the wail of wo men and children pitilessly left to dio from starvation and exposure in the depth of winter, his plea of 'not guilty' in the case of the city of Columbia can not free bim from tho reprobation which outraged humanity must attach to an act of cruelty which only finds a parallel in tho barbarous excesses of Wallenstein's army in tho Thirty Years' War, and which, even at that period of tbe world's civilization, sullied the fame of that otherwise great soldior." THE SUBRE?NBER OF LEE. One of tho most Interesting features of tho book is what Mr. Davis SSVB of the various peace movements. It bas been charged that Gen. Lee told Mr. Davis early in 1864 that it was impos sible for the Confederacy to maintain itself, and tho President hos been blamed lor continuing tbe war after this time. On thia point Mr. Davis mys : "Lee bad never contemplated surren der. He had long before, in language similar to that employed by Washing ton during the Revolution, expressed to mo the belief that in the mountains of Virginia be could carry on the war for tweuty years, and in directing bis march toward Lynchburg it may well be that as an alternative he hoped to reach those mollumiu?, and with the ai v m tage which tho topography would give yoi to bailie the bouts which were fol lowing him." And further : "lu tho early part of March, 1866, as well as my memory.can fix tbe date, Gen. Lee beld with me a long and free con ference. He Btated that' the circum stances had forced on him the conclu sion that the evacuation of Petersburg was but a question of time. He had early and fully appreciated tbo embar rassment which would result' from loding the workshops and foundry- at Kichtnocd,, which bod been our main relianceTot* the manufacture and repair sf arms aa well as the preparation cl Ammunition. The importance* o? Rith noond in thia regard was, however, ..cn lesa than it had been by the facilities which had been created for these pur poses ut Augusta, Selma, Fayetteville md somo smaller establishments, also by the progr?s* which was being mndo for a large armory at Macon, Go. To ny inquiry: whether it would not be better to anticipate the necessity by withdrawing-at once, he said that hid Artillery and draught horses were too week for the roads in their then condi tion, and that ho would have to wait until they became.- firmer. Then natu rally followed the consideration of the line of retreat. The paper was forwarded io Gen. Lee and returned by him with tn unfavorable criticism, and the con slusion that, if we bad to retreat, it should be in a southwardly direction toward the country from which we were 1 rawing supplies, and from wbicb a large portiou of our forces had been do rived. In this conversation the same general view was moro specifically stated sod node to apply to tbe then condition }f affaira. The programme was to retire to Danville, at which place supplie* should be collected and a junction made with the troops under Gen.- J. E. John don, the combined force to be burled upon Sherman in North Caroline, with the hope nf crushing his army before Girant could reach him." As to the manner in which the deter mi nation to surrender was reached Mr, Davis writes : "On the cvenlug of the 8th Gen. Lei decided, after conference witb his corp; commanders, that he would advance tn? next morning beyond Appomattoi Courthouse, ana if the forco reported tc be there should prove to be only Sheri dan's cavalry, to disperse it and continue the march toward Lynchburg ; but ii infantry should be found in large force the attempt to break through it waa no to be made, and tho correspondent? wbich Gen. Grant bad initiated on th? previous day should bo reopened by i usg, with propositions for an interview io arrange tho terms of capitulation, Ger don, whose corps formed tbe rear guan from Petersburg, and who bad tough daily for the protection of tho trains, bat now- been transferred to the front. Oi the nest morning, before .daylight, Lei sent Col. Venable, oue of bis staff, t< Gordon, commanding the advance, t learn his opinion as to tho chances nf i successful attack, to which Gordon re plied : 'My old corps is reduced to i frazzle, and, unless I am supported b; Longstreet heavily, I do not think w can do anything more.' ' When Co! Venable returned, with his answer t Gen. Lee, he said : 'Then there is noll' ing left mo but to go and see Get Grant" COULD THE WAR CONTINUE? After the Surrender of Gen. L*o's ai my, Mr. Davis hod no thought that tb war was over. On thia point be says: "I had telegraphed to Gen. Joh nato from Dans Hie the report that Lee ba anrrond?r?it and r>-\_ nrriotner at O won" boro conditionally . requested him t meet tne there, where Gen, Beauregar st the time bad lils headquarters, m object being to confer with both nf tboi in regard to our present condition un future operations- Though I was full sensible of the gravity of our position seriously affected as it wa? by the evact ation or the capital, tho surrender of tl: Army of Northern Virginia and thecot sequent discouragement which thes events would produce, I did not thin wo should despair. We still had effn live armies ic the field, and a vast oj tent of rich and productive territory bol east and west of tbe'Mississippi, who citizens bad evinced no disposition i surrender., Ample suppliea bad be* collected in the railroad depotsand much : still remained to be placed at our dispo sal when needed by the army in North I Carolina." The failure of several attempts io open negotiations with tbe Federal Govern* ment, and notably tbe lott by commis sioners who met President Lincoln at Hampton Roads, convinced me of Che hopelessness under existing circumstan ces to obtain better terma than nero offered-1. e., a surrender at discretion. My motilo, therefore, in holding an in*' tervietr with tbe oenior generala of tho army in North Carolina was not to loam their opinion aa to what might be doue by negotiation with the United States Government, but to derive from them in formation in regard to the army under their commaud, and what it was feasible and advisable to do as a military prob? lem. "The members of my Cabinet wnro already advised os to tho object of the meeting, and wben tho subject was in troduced to tho geuorals in that form. Gen. Johnston was very reserved and seemed far less than sanguine. His first significant expression was that of a desire to opea correspondence with Gen eral Sherman, to see if be would agree to a suspension of hostilities, the object being to permit the civil authorities to enter into the needful arrangements to terminate the existing war. Confident that the United States Government would not accept a proposition for such negotiations, I distinctly oxpressed my conviction on that point, and presented as an objection to such an effort that, so far as it should excite delusive hopes and expectations, ita failure would have a demoralizing off' :l bo b on the troops and people. Neither of tbem had shown any disposition to surrender, or had any reason to suppose that their government contemplated abandoning its truat. "It will thus bo seen that my expects* tiona, referred to above, caused* adequate proTUton to &9 made for the retreat of our army if that result should becomo necessary by the failure of the attempt to open negotiations for an honorable peaca. I bad never contemplated a surrender, except on such terma as a belligerent might claim, os long as we were able to beep tbe field, ana never expected a Confederate army to surrender while it waa able either to fight or to retreat. Lee bad only surrendered his army when it was impossible for bim to do either one or the other, and bad proudly rejec ted Grant's demand, io the face of over whelming numbera, until he found him self surrounded and his line of retreat blocked by a force, much larger thau his own." Although ho consented thnt Gen. Johnston might apply to Gen. Sherman for an armistice tho author insists that he had little hope anything could bo ac complished by it. He says : "Theopinion I entertained in regard to President Johnston and his venomous secretary of war, Stanton, did not permit me to expect that they would be less vindictive after a surrender of our army had been proposed than when it was re garded us a formidable body defiantly holding its position in the field. What ever hope others entertained that the ex isting war was about to be peacefully ter minated, was soon dispelled by the re jection of the basis of agreement on the part of the Government of the United States, and a notice from Gen. Sherman of a termination of the armistice in for tv-eir/ht boura on thn afternoon of the 24th of April, ?865. "Gen. Johnston communicated to me the substance of the above information received by bim from Gen. Sherman, and asked for instructions. I have nei ther his telegram nor my reply, but can give it substantially from memory. It was that he should retire with bia calvary and aa mauy infantry as could be moun ted upon draught horses, and some light artillery, tbe rest of the infantry to bo disbanded and a place of rendezvous ap pointed. It wits unntCessary to say any thing of the route, as that had been pre viously agreed on and supplies placed on it lor his retreating army. Thia order was disobeyed, and no Bought another interview with Sherman, to renew his attempt to reach an agreement for a ter mination of hostilities." JO. JOHNSTON'S SURBENDER. The end was soon reached, aa describ ed in the following : "On the 26th, the day on wbich tho nrmialice terminated, Gen. Johnston again met Gen. Sherman, who offered the same terms which bud bren made with Gen. Lee. and be saya, "Gen. Johnston, without hesitation, agreed to, and we executed the following," which was the surrender of Gen. Jobmton'a troops, with the condition of their being paroled and the officers being permitted? to re tain their aidearms, private horses and baggage. "it M true that these were the terms accepted by Leo. but the condition of tho two nrmies was very different. Leo's supplies bad been cutoff, his men were ??hauDted by fatigue and hunger, he bad no reinforcemeote in view. Notwith standing the immense superiority in numbers and equipments ot the enemy pursuing, he bad from point to point fought them in rear and on bot'.\ flanks, and bad, the day before his lino ol retreat was closed, rejected the demand for surrender, and ou ly yielded to il after his starving little army had been surrounded by masses through wbich he tried to, but could not cut tm way. "Johnston's Hue of retreat was opec and, supplies had been placed upon it His'cavairy was superior to that of the enemy, a? had been proved in every con flict between them. Maury and Forres! and Taylor still had armies in tho fielt' -not large, but strong enough to hav< coltpf?ted around them the men who had ?eft Job??toc'a army and gone to theil homes to eccapo o surrender, as well ai those who ender similar ci rc um? tan ces had left Lee, The show ol continued reaistt-nc*, I thoo believed, ai I atilt do, would have overcome thi depression which was spreading like i starless night over the country, and tba the exhibition of a d?termination not t< leave onr political future at the mercy o an enemy which had for four years beei striving to subjugate the States vouh have led tho United States anthorities U do, as Mr. Lincoln bad indicated- givi any terma which might be found necea sary speedily to terminate tbs existluj war.' "Had Gen. Johnston oboyod the ords sent to him from Charlotte and move< on the route selected by himself, with al M. c..Va|.. jj? =*?ch cf th? in&stry s could be mounted, aud the light artillery ho could not have been suc^essfally pur sued by ..Gen; . Sherirjsn.^ . His, ?Kr? united to tb ac I hod assembled at Chat lotto, would,.it was believed,, have 'bee sufficient to vanquish ,tWf troops tybie the enemy bad between tts and the 'Hit aissinpi River. "Had. the cavalry, wi ti. which I lei Charlotte been csfcociattd with a fore largo enough to inspiro hopo for the ft ture, instead of being discouraged by tb surrender in their retir, it would probt bly have gone on, and, when united wit the fore*?-, of Maury, Forrest and Tayic in Autumn and Misahstippi, have cox s ti tu led an army large enougu to altrat stragglers and revive the drooping apirii of tho country. In the wotat view of ii. : j case it should have been ebie lo crt?s'.s*, trans-Mississippi Department, and then uniting with the armies of E. K. Smith and Magruder to form ?r -rmv which in the perron of that country abouu?ina j in supplia and deficient in rivers and I railroads, could have continued the war until our enemy, foiled in the purpose of subjugation, should, in accordance with bis repeated declaration, have agreed on the basis of a return to the Union, to acknowledge the constitutional rights of the States and by a convention or quasi treaty to guarantee security of person and property. THE CAPTUBE OF MB. DAVIS. The account of the fleeing President's capture is best told in his own words, as follows : "Afters short time I was hailed by a voice which I recognised as that of my private secretary, who informed me that tho marauders had been hanging around the camp, and that he aud others were on post around it and wore expecting an assault as soon as the moon went down. A silly story had got abroad that it was a treasure train, and avri sacra fames had probably instigated these marauders, as it subsequently stimulated Qen. J. U. Wilson to send out a large force to cap ture the same train. For the protection of my family I traveled with them two or three days, when believing that they had passed out of tho region of maraud ers, I determined to leave their encamp ment at night-fall, to execute my origi nal purpose. My horse, and those of my party proper, were saddled preparatory to a start, when ono of my staff, who bad ridden into the neighboring village, returned and told me tuet he bad beard that a marauding party intended to attack the camp tbat night. This decid ed mo to wait long enough to see if there was any truth ia the ruare which I supposed ,?ouid be ascertained rn a tew hours. My horse remained caddied nod my pistil* in the bolsters, aud I loy down fully dressed t rest. Nothing occurred to rouse me until just before dann, when my coachman, a free colored man, who faithfully clung to our for tunes, came and tola me that there was firing over tbo branch just behind our encampment. ? stepped out of my wife's tent and saw some horsemen wbo I im mediately recognized as cavalry, deploy ing around tbe encampment. I turned bsck and told my wife these were not the expected marauders, but regular troop, ere. She implored me to leave ber at once. I hesitated from unwillingness to do so, and lost a few precious mo ments before yielding to ber importunity; My horse and arma were near, the road on which I expected to leave, and down which tbe cavalry approached ; it was therefore impracticable to reach them. I was compelled to start ia the opposite direction. As it was quite dark in tbe tent, ? picked ap what was supposed to bo my "raglan," a waterproof, light overcoat, without sleeves ; it was subse quently found to be my wife's, so very like my own as to be mistaken for it ; as I started, my wife thoughtfully threw over my bead and shoulders a shawl. I had gone perhaps fifteen or twenty yarda when a trooper galloped up and ordered mo to bait ana surrender, to which 1 Sve a defiant answer, and dropping the awl and raglan from my shoulders, advanced toward bim. He levelled bli? carbine at me, but I expected if he fired he would miss mc, and my inteoiwiu wan in that evept to pul my band under bis foot, tumble him off on the other side, spring into bis saddle and attempt to es cape. My wife, who bad been watch ing, when she saw the soldier aim hi? carbine at me, ran forward and- throw ber arms around me. Success depended on instantaneous action, and, recognizing that the opportunity hud been "est, I turned back, and the morning being damp and chilly, passed on to a fire be yond tbe tent. Our pursuers had taken different roads, and approached our camp from opposite directions ; they encoun tered each other and commenced firing, both supposing they bad mot our armed escort, and some casunlities resulted from their conflict with an imaginary body of Confederate tronps. During the confusion,: while attention was con centrated upon myself, except by those who were engaged in pillage, one of my aides, Col. J. Taylor Wood, with Lieut. Barnwell, walked off unobserved. Hin daring exploits on the sea bad made bim on tho part of the Federal Government SQ ol (ect of special hostility, and render ed it mite proper that he should avail bimseir ? every possible means of escape. Col. Pritchard went over to their battlefield, and I did not see him for a long time, surely more tbsn an hour after my capture. He subsequently claimed credit, in a conversation with me, for tho forbearance shown by bl? men in not shooting me when I refused to surrender. "Wilson and others have uttered many falsehoods in regard to my capture, which have been exposed in publica tions by persons there present-hy Sec retary Eengan, by the members' of my personal staff, and by tbe colored coach mac, J! M Joues, which must have been convincing to all who were not given over to bVhcve alie. For this reason I will postpone to some other time and more appropriate place any further notice of the story and its variations, al) the spawn of a malignity tbat shames the civilization of the age. Wo were, when prisoners, subjected to petty pil lage." A MOTHER'S COUNSEL.--The groat men of the world have generally owed much to tbe character and training of their mothers. If we go back to their childhood, wo see there the maternal in fluences which form tbe alms and the habits of their future lives. Bayard, the flower cf French knighthood, the soldier without fear or reproTch, never forgot the parting words ot bis mother when ne left homo at fourteen to become a page of a nobleman. She said to bim with the tenderness of a loving heart: "My boy, serve God first Pray to Him night ! and morning. Be kind and charitable to alt Beware of flatterers, and never becomo one . yourself. Avoid envy, hatred and lying, as vices unworthy of a Christian and never neglect to comfort widows and orphans." When Bayard waa foremost in battle, confessedly the bravest warrior in tho field, or when, in bis own great thirst, b* was giving water to a dying enemy, he was only carrying out his mother's counsel, and striving tn be.?wT?wT of u?x ???i, jLno memory of a mother's love.is a talisman against temptation, and ? stimulus to a good life. PAINFUL ACCIDENT IN BARNWELL, j -Our correspondent writes from Bern-1 well on Friday : "Mrs. Judge Mackey bsd ber shoulder dislocated and arm injured this evening by being thrown from a baggy. She was riding oat with Major F. H. Brown wheo some portion of tho baggy broke and the horses ran away. The "boggy was broken un and both were thrown out Major Brown also bod a shoulder dis'ocatcd. The sur geons erare celled in and. soon replaced tho dislocated joints and all parties aro doing well,-Ifcv? and Gbwritr. TVCCO.?, 33B BEAUTIFUL. Toccoa was t u Indian maiden, au or phan of a pow ?rfu? chief. From her : r&i&hssd :hc> U ibo had regarded Toccoa with interest and respect, for she was not only wonderfully beautiful, hut wi&o nod thoughtful beyond ber ago. As a child, Toccoa wa s the embodiment of recklesa gaycty; but as elia grew to womanhood she became ?lient and melancholy, ceased to join in tho sports of the Indian maid ens, i er wandering away from them, and sitting aloue on some eminence, with bunda clasped, and deep despon dency in her grett black oyes, that ever seemed fixed upon a terribly fascinating object, from which it was inipoRsiblo to withdraw them ; and the aged of the tribo would say, "Toccoa sees more than tbe wisest of us caa see." "What dost thou see, Toccoa?" hoi young companions would ask. "Ask me not; I cannot tell thee,' Toccoa would reply. Then the maidens would say: "Thoi wilt not toll us. T' >;coa, because thoi seest that which will mako thee mon beautiful than thy companions ; nn< thou art only studying apella by whiel thou wilt k-ep captive tho hearts of ou young warriors." "I am proud of our young warriors, replied tho girl; "but neither seek o desire their love." "Ah I" exclaimed tho tuaideus, "tho hast caujjh* a glimpse of a warrior in th ! home of ?he Great Spirit ; that ls th reason thou eurent not for our braves 1" "No, no, roy friends. I only love ou hunting grounds-their forest trees, ot mountain streams, the graves of our kit dred, and I think only of the greatnei of our people." "But why Arl thou BO corrow fut. To coa? Such things should make th? glad. Wouldst thou be a warrior, ac ught for our homes?" "I would I Oh, I would," cried To coa ; no harm should como to my peop only over my dead body. Oh 1 wou that I were a warrior, to lead our brave I would sweep o ir enemies from tl earth I Nono should live to threat us I" "Then," thought tho Indian maidci "Toccoa is ambitious. She bas a wi rior's heart in her bosom-abo ia imr tient of control, and desires to rulet tribe." Thus they spoke to tbo ebie wife, as she sat in the door of ber w: warn, nursing tho obiers infaut sou. "Wouldst thou have our great chi and young kinsman dio, that thou migl be head of our tribo, lead our warriors <? battle, and preoido over our councils "Wherefore dost thou question i thus?" asked tho girl. "Thy companions say, Toccoa ri never be a wifo to any of our braves, a she lores nothing better than our hu lng grounds. Dost thou not know. T coa, what a woman loves abe desires possess, and call it ber own ?" "Good mother, my lovo is not like I maiden's love for a warrior, or the v man's love for ornament. It is os 1 affection of the Great Spirit, who lo us because we aro His people. Tbus I lovo our hunting grounds, because tl belong to our tribe ; our dead lie la th -the blood of those heroes who wres them from others, flows around then, broad stream, across which our enen cannot pass. Ocr groves, our mount passes still echo with the war-whoop, wedding eong, and the wail for thc a of generations passed away, and in skies above us ever fill their shadows "Thou art deceitful, Toccoa I" in rupted the chiefs wife. "A worn: thoughts for good go not beyond wigwam." The squaw feared Toccoa, .and BU I the chief : "Toccoa has not a worn heart in her breast. Sba is smbiti and desires to ruin the tribo like t When a woman has no wigwam, no \ rior, no children of ber own, aud th of the things of which men think, becomes dangerous, and ht to bo fe? Beware of Toccoa 1 She will seek * theo harm. Even now when we find ut midnight kneeling, with soft, te: eyes and outstretched arms, gazing t tbe pule moon, or see her lying pros before the rising nun, as if drinkin its brains, abe may bc weaving spell which thy strength will fail, toy grow powerless; and before thou uumbered half thy days thou wilt away, with thy infant BOO, from the 1 ing'grounds of thy forefathers, ai weak woman will be head of thy tri The words of the squaw trouble chief, and he called his wise me council, to deliberate on the strange duct of Toccoa. Toccoa was with ber youngcompa by a mountain stream. Some oi maidens were .sporting in the w some wreathing their brows With fio others were braiding their long, 1 tresses and trimmlog them with erl berries. Toccoa sat on a high roct lng in the distance, her hair wa bound, and swept around the girl 1 garment of raven plumes. ; No fl were oa her brow, or berries ot beautiful arms. Every now and thi merry maidens would call to her "Toccoa, thou art too beautiful i wear flowers. Come down and tri neck and tresses with berries, am at thyself in water, and thou wilt again think of anything else bi beauty." While the maidens thus spoke, came shouting : "Toccoa I Toccoa fathers of the tribe are in counci call for thee." : Her you ny companions looked a other with startled gaze, like al frightened fawns when they her. huntsman's horn, and followed Toi a distant**), as shs walked witb cal mournful mien to the assembly. "Toccoa," said the most aged fal the tribe, thou taust tell us why tl different from tho maidens, thy cc ions? Tell us why thoa doit nt flowers, and deck thyself with b We must know, for we suspect dark and fearful thoughts." "Father," replied Toccoa, "it cause I can only think of- the tbii Great Spirit show me." "What are those things, '?ugh "I must not tell theo." "If thoo wilt not tell ns, Toe will send thee far away into a land, into the wilderness, and in thou wilt not sleep 1 Uh thy forefi "Ob, father I" exclaimed Tocco; me not from'the land I so much 1 which I would grasp the spear, st bow, and exultingly count the s our enemies 1" "Daughter, thou must go, unt? wilt tell os why thy love Xs so gr? "Father, thou compel lest me t of that which I would fain bi? thyself. Wo is roo, that I can si than the most of the aged tribe hold. I see coming over tb?- widi beyond the dhtttnt hills, great flited with beings wbo*e facet a like snow. Tney number more spirit eyes that look out of tr? night. They land ou oui eh oro our deer and buffalo, they tarn tl of oar tiver?, and desecrate the j our forefathers. Ob, father I < tho mother motts de&r'.y love ? when she knows ihevo is moore her doo? tl'? phantom bark that bean) our fiwd ld the hunting grouuda of li? Qteat Spirit, and it is waiting for the loved one abe holds to her breast I Yes; father, yea ; and thia la why X love my country more than all our trlbo-because I ace tho evil that ia coming upon us." The elden of the tribe thea spoke softly among themselves, saying: 4'An Evil Eye bath looked on Toe JOB, giving her power for harm. Our people cay that she is wiso, and they revere Uer; our young mee say she 1 beautiful beyond i oil other womer., ard they worship her. Should Toccoa speak thus to them/ they* I will hearken to wbat alu* says, and wilt think, whereforo shall wo strive with other nations to eulargo and keep our hunting grounds, when a more powerful' people will come to take them awayjfrora us? Then their spirits will grow slug gish, their hearts will become heavy.' their st rength will fail, their courage will deport, and they will become as women. ! '?hen will .come to pass the things of which Toccoa speaks. It is for this pur pose sho bss been bewitched by our tut- ' mies, Toccoa must diel" The aged1 men said to th?- girl ; "Toccoa, tbuu must dio for tho good of our country/' "Fathers of my tribe," replied the maiden, "I woola die myriads of times to eave my country ; but my death will not avert the doom of my people. I bear the steady coming steps of the snow faced people ; onward, onward they como, over our plains, by our rivers and up our mountains. I bear the mighty pines crashing to tho ground, and our lovely oaks groaning beneath the strokes of their great tomahawks, and you, my people, will surely fleo before them, into a distant laud. I alone will remain to keep watch where our council fires have burned, and my spirit, that you- bave deemed unwomanly, will miugle with thc race that shall displace ours, to klndto iu their hearts a love for roy coun try. Ah I and they will loi o it. fathers, ! as Toccoa bau loved it. Their women will be fair and gentle in times of peace; wbeu tbe war-whoop rings around their wigwams the spirit of Toccoa will be come as tbe hearts of warriors. They will place bows and arrows in the hands of their boys, and bid them fight for the lands they have wrested from the red man. "Bo still, Toccoa I" said ibo fathers. Thia cannot be I Thero is no cation BO great as ours. Thou art laboring under tho spell of an Evil Eye, from which thou canst be released only in the Spirit Land, whore those of our tribe who nave gono before us bunt milk-white deer across crystal bills, and drink tho blood of our enemies in gourds mndo of the ! breath of flowers. We will send thee to join cur maidens there, who live by streams blue as tho H ky, and are crowned witb wreaths that shine like the face of the Great Spirit ; and thou wilt toll our kinsmen WP are a gr?a? and powerful people, ano! our huuting grounds cover the world." It went abroad through tho tribe that an Evil Eyo bad looked upon Toccoa, and that the aged men bad decreed she must die, or harm would befall their, people; and though grieved for tbe! maiden's fate, they aid not murmur,' for i they believed that their fathers were wiso ! mon. Tboy took Toccoa to a high mountain. The maiden stood upon the edge bf a fireclplce, a lins cf wo?flora stood before ter, with their bown and arrows.- Tboy. i would have bound her eyes, that she might not see tho death missiles, but Toccoa waved tkern away, saying: "I die for my country. Let mo die like a warrior 1" At u eignai tho arrows or tho'warrior? flew true to their aim, and quivered in the young girl's heart. She uttered no oound, but sprang into the air, and dis appeared over the precipice. Long did the Indian maidens search for Toccon's body, but it was never found ; but before two moons had rolled away, a clear, bright stream flowed to tbe edge of the rock and fell over the preci pice whore Toccoa had been sacrificed, -aud the maidens of the tribe said : "It is the spirit of our lost companion come' to provo to us that sho is happy," and they called tho cascado the Fails of Toccoa. Seotft Magasine. A Womnn's Curiosity. Ono timo tho Pennsylvania llailroad Company wanted a good. site for the 1 location of its great shop*. It found tbe I place it wanted on the east side Of the! Allegheny Mountains, on a beautiful! ?lateau. That was just forty years ago. ! hero wero not roany penplo* living on tho plateau in 1840. Ono daring pioneer and bis family were monarchs of the unbroken forest that covered it, and tbree log buts bidden in tbe recesses of that forest were all the indications of civilization to be found there. The rail way company sent an agent to buy the wholo plateau, with' written instructions to pay $10,000 if necessary. The agent came, he found tho pioneer, bo put up at his unpretentious log but, ho told him all tho new stories^ from the' city, ho wrought bim into good humor, . and tho settler finally mado ready to eel 1 nt $6,000, considering himself a made than ! at that. But while he was talking busi ness the good wife was straightening up the stranger's room. She found a pack age of papers; womanly curiosity prompted her to open the hnsealed en velope. She read the agent's Instruc tions. She called her husband Into the kuchen in a few moments, and.did what nine women of even* ten do for their husbands: she mode more money for him than be ever dreamed bc would be worth; more than he ever could have made if be hadn't bad a wife. When the settler retarned be told the agent that real estate had picked up a little during. the> psst ten minutes, ?nd he couldn't think of taking less than ?10,000 for his claim. There was nothing else to ? be done; swearing wouldn't help tho 1 matter. Four thousand dollar* of it be* 1 longed to tbe woman, but.I navfr beard whether or not she got iL Ten years I later the Pennsylvania Railroad began | building ita shops on the plateau; now the city of AI toon a hos upward of 30,000 .Inhabitants, three or four newspapers, seventeen churches, ss) many schools, ou? ?covent and the largest railway shops: in America. _?_ - General Longstreet Is to have gen? eral obart?> of splitting the democratic p?siv in Georgia, nor this purpose he bas beer) made marshal of that district by Garfield. The dombcracy of Georgia is already In a Reml-dlsOrganlsed condi tion, torn by rival candidates for power. Longstreet may. by the usc'of federal Ctronage, work to intensify the hostility tween the two sections of the par wy, and on their ruins buildup and "indepen dent party" of democrats an republi cans. Thia ia tho plan of campaign. - A foppish nobleman, who ?s.w.1 Pea cartes enjoying himself st the table, hav ing expressed his astoni?hmeot that a philosopher should oxbibit such fondness Ter good cheer, got this answer for his pains: ''And pvay, my lord, did you think that good things wero made only for fools." - -.-1 T i .?? MI mini mi. Sentence of the Saviour. A writer in Notts and Queries says: Can any of your correspondents in form me whether the enclosed extract from tho Kolnische Zeitung is based on sound authority, and what that authority is? also, where and when waa this Kol' nitche Zeitung published? CORRECT TRANSCRIPT OP THE ?KNTENOK OF DEATH PRONOUNCED AGAINST JESUS. The following is a copy of the most memorable judicial- sentence which bas ever been pronounced in the annals of the world-that of death against the Saviour, with the remarks. wi-.?.. the journal Le Droit bas collected, and the knowledge of which must bo interesting in the highett degree to every Christian. Until now, I am not aware that lt bas ever been made public in . the German papers. Tho sentence ia word for word aa followa : "Sentence pronounced by Pontius Pilate, intendant cf tho orovinco of Low er Galilee, tbat Jesus of Nazareth shall suffer death by .the cross. In tho seventeenth year of the reign of the emperor Tiberius, on the 25th day of th? month of March, in the most holy city of Jerusalem, during tbe pontificate of the Annaa and Caiphas. Pontina Pilate, attendant nf tho prov* ince of the Lower Galilee, sitting tu judgment in the presidential sent of tho 8roster, sentences Jesus of Nazareth to oath on a cross, between two robbers, as tho numerous aud notorious testimo nies of the people prove 1. Jesus is a misleader. 2. Ho bas excited tbe people to sedi tion. 8. He is an enemy to the laws. 4. He calls himself the son of God, 5. He calls himself falsely the klug of Israel. 6. He went into tho . temple, followed by a multitude of people, carrying palms tn their bands. ' Orders tho first centurion Quirllous Cornelius to bring him to tho place of execution. j Forbids all persona, rich or poor, to prevent the execution of Jesus. . The witnesses, who have signed tho execution against Jesus aro : 1. Daniel Robant, Pharisee. 2. Jobn Zorobabel. \ 8. Raphael Robanl. . 4. Capet. Jesus to be takeu out of Jerusalem through the gates of Tournes... \ ThiB sentence is engraved on a plate pf brass, in the Hebrew language, and on Its sides aro tbe following words : "A similar plate has been sent to each tribe." It was discovered in the year 1280, in tho city of Aquila, In tho king? dom of Naples, by a search made for tho . discovery of Roman antiauttiea. and remained there until it was found by the commissioners of art in the French army of Italy. Up to tho time of the cam? paign in Southern Italy, it was preserved in tue sacristy of tho CVithusiana, near Naples, whore it waa kept in a box of. ebony. Since then the relio baa been kept in the chapel of Caser?a, Tbe Car tbuniana obtained by their petition' that thc plate might be- kept by thom, which was an acknowledgment of the sacrifices wbich they made for the French army, Tbe French'translations was made liter-; ally by members of the commission of art?, JD.enc? hod a/ao simile of tue piaic engraved, which was bought by Lord ? Howard, on the cale of bia cabinet, for 2,850 franca. Thero seems to be no his torical doubt as to the authenticity of this. Tbe'reasons of the sentence cor respond exactly with tliosu of the Gos pel._ ? . ?_ BLIND TOM'S MEMORY.-A gentleman from Staunton, Va., eaye:'VTho most wonderful'feat of memory I recollect bf was displayed by Blind Toro ou tho" stage while giving a concert herc recent ly. Twenty-one years ago, io 1860, Prof, L. L.lde, a music teacher at tte Wesleyan Female Seminary here, at tended ono of Tom's concerti at Freder ick, Md., and. to test the genius ,of tho boy, played a German watta then but little knnwn, and made some little chan ges of bis own in playing it. Tom p!sy ed it? off at .once correctly. Tho other night Professor Ido wont on tho stage and asked Tom what was the name of the hall in which he played lu Frederick in 1860. Tom, without hesitation, gave tho name of the hal's He was then ask-, ed who played for hlm? and ho said Pro fessor Ide. He waa then: asked lo repeat tho piece that had been playful for him then, and sitting down at the pb.-.o ho accurately gave it as he bad beard it from Professor Ide twenty-one years ago,, note for note, including the changomado - by the Professor nt that time." - A gentleman writes to us that bis county paper ia ao poor that he has. Stopped' It*; therefore ncmls-'us three dollars for the Trade List.' We repeat that wc do not wint subscribers on such toiras. A man's county paper is worth more to him than alf tho papera in titi* world; if it is not, it 5a his own'fault. If tho county paper Ia properly oncour nged, it may be relied upon for Informa tion of more value to t he people in whose interest it ia issued than csn b? found in all city papers in tho United States. No man can afford to be without the paper that publishes tho official adver tisements of his colnty, tbe p?bilo sales, markets, court news, and other .ocal In telligence. ,If tbe paper io poor, the .people. sro more st fault ir?an ihe pub lishers for not giving it a liberal patron age. However poor tho county papir may be, it ia always worth more than it costs to thoso interested In tbe affairs of the county.- Cincinnati Trade List. - Governor Cornell, of New York, hos vetoed the bill to prohibit the man ufacture and sale cf oleomargarine. Ho says that the bill does not claim that the substance ls hurtful, or the coloring mat ter used to make it look ?ik? butter in jurious. The Governor concluded ss follows: "It seems to be 'a well est ab-. Rahed fact that chemical science and business enterprise bave combined to produce an article which competes ler*? ly with the poorer products of our dai ries. Desirable au it is to afford agricul tural Interests every possible advantage, in such competition the rights of other interests) should not bo Ignored. We live in a land of law and llbert,'/. Equal rigbtr are guaranteed- to all citizens If their vocations bs not dangerous or prc? '{idiosa! i* iu ~?b!tc reifere ; tlie?* cen 1?)I*r?Rhtm??y'lM"re*tr? U the exer else of the largest liberty consistent with law and order." - Duelliug haa.becomfjal? tho ragoiu Paris again. Three were fought la the course of twenty-four boura. They like ft, sod it dojs no harm. They don't hurt each other. They : tickle eats* otb? gently with the rapier, and then go and take absinthe together. - Six thousand cans of ?.ysters J"*"5 recently sent North in one Bhfpmwt by tho canning establishment atJSewbs?&k North Carolina. - Ono hundred sud two lbou9satl etghthundred and thirty-five[.^?J'-'0* ; itrawberrlea have beert shipped freza Chattanooga this season.