University of South Carolina Libraries
BY E. B. MURRAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER li, 1880. VOLUME XVI.-NO. 18. THE WONDERS OF THF WEAN. Discoveries Made by Deep-Be? Dredger* on tho Edge of .the Gulf Stream. A correspondent writing* from New Haven, Conn., says : In tho opinion of professor A. E. Verrill, of Yale College, tho jreceni decpsea dredging expedition off the coast of Rhode Island, on the edge of the Gulf Stream, under the aus pices of the United Staten FUh Commis sion, proved the most successful ever sent out by this or any other country. In three days more specimens were obtained than by any other expedition in as many months. Indeed, tho English, expedi tion on tho Challenger, which was at work deep-sen dredging for five years con tinuously, did not accomplish more or get a larger collection. Tho dredging wac done from nevon ty-ii vo miles to one hundred and'fifteen miols south of Newpori, in the region known I on the charts as Block Island Soundings, I the depth of the water being from one quarte? io UVoo quarWs of a mile. Tho specially7 ccimructed steamer, Fish Hawk, fitted up with tho most approved scien tific appliances, was used, and the ex ?edition was under tho direct charge of 'rofessor Baird, of Washington. The ground was especially favorable. A peculiar beam trawl was used for scrap ing the bottom of tho ocean. It was a net forty or fifty feet long. The mouth of it was spread open by ar. oak beam fifteen feet long and six iuches in diame ter. The beam rested upon heavy iron runners to keep the network bag about two feet off of tho bottom. The lower sida of the mouth of tho net was formed of a receding rope, weighted with lead. This rope dragged along the bottom and scraped tho suellfish, shells, and what not, into tho net. Fish swimming at thnt depth were also scooped in, and once inside, they were entangled in pockets that prevented their escaping. This trawl would bo thrown out and drawn along behind the steamer, making a swath half a mile long and twelve or fifteen wide. Then a powerful hoisting would be set to work and the trawl and its contents hoisted aboard tho steamer. As many ns 4,000 pounds weight of stuff would bo taken from tho bottom of tho ocean each time tho trawl was hoisted. Two barrrela of alcohol a day were used in preserving raro specimens. To put them in ebano will berthe work of weeks. To .thorough ly arrango and classify tho thousands of specimens obtained wiii occupy the Com mission all Winter. Mnst of this work will be done here by Professor Vetrill and his assistants. Eighteen species of fish were caught livnj??i?r? ?iikii?rru ami unuescrirjea, besides others kuown to Greenland and Northern Europe, but not to our coast ; alco, a wonderful variety of crabs, shrimps and lobster-like creatures, como of them very handsome, and forty species of them entirely new. One hundred and fifty-five different kinds of shells, ono hundred and fifteen of them not before known on this part of the coast, fifty-five not kuown as inhabitants of American waters, and thirty wholly unknown to scientist here tofore, were obtained, du addition two new kinds of devilfish, one about a foot h Jg; two hundred snecimens of a new and pretty squid, and twenty now kinds of starfish were taken. Of these starfish f.housanda of specimens were netted, some of cxccccding beauty. Quite a number of new species of corals were caught, some of them being brought up by the bushels. Of fan coral, some beautiful specimens were obtained. Hundreds of sea ane mones, brilliantly colored, some of them measuring a foot across, delighted the eyes thc men of science. Ono strange discov ery waB a worm inhabiting a quill like A gooso quill. The quills were about a foot long,' and soon after being taken out of tho water grew so hard that they could be and we-e UBod for pens. They stood up in the mud at tho bottom of the sea. The worms inside were opal colored and when taken out of their strange ten ements glistened and presented a rather ,. pretty appearance, so far ?,as .color was concerned. They were raked up by thou sands, and none of tho scientific men ever heard of them beforo. The discovery was made that the tile fish ia plentier than the cod. A Glouces ter fisherman last Winter hauled in the first L'.lefish. Since then few havo been c.iught. Professor Verrill, however, caught three with a perpendicular trawl line. On opening their stomachs he found therein some of the rare crustacea that abounded thereabouts, and he knew it was their feeding ground. Ho is satisfied that they aro plentier there in season than codfish off Block Island. One of tho three, fish caught weighed fifty pounds. Tho tile fish, as described by Professor VerriH, is u magnificent fish, of a light yellow-brown color, shaped like a set nasa, and spotted all over with yellow. It is fine eating, and he is convinced that it is destined to become a favorite market fish, now that it is known where it can be readily caught. All of the fish caught by tho dredge havo gono to tho headquarters of tho Commission in Washington. Th? other specimens came here in many boxes a few days ago, and tho work of arranging them is now being pushed forward. As ono hundred scries of the various speci mens will bo made up and distributed among the museums of the country, tho first choice going to .tho National Muse um at Washington, tho second to the Peabody Museum hore, the third to the Museum ac Cambridge, atm BU ou. A completo and detailed report will also bo made by tho Commission. The records of tho temperature at dif ferent depths ?Yore al ways mado with great carp. At n. rta nth of fryT 100 142J iz'.h oms tho temperature was usually from 61 to 63 degroea Fahrenheit. From 141$ to 326 fathoms it was 42 to ?ft degrees, and at 600 fathoms it was 4o^degrees. The pressure at 500 fathoms or over was very great-sufficient to crush and press to gether tho wood that encased the thor, momoter until it was n shapeless mass, and to so press the ?pe used to lower the instrument that it came up hardened and squeezed together until lt resembled a bar of metal. In ?he nine years tho Fish Commission ho* been established il has diedged in 2,000 localities (both shallow and deep waters), between Long Island Sound and Halifax, and out as far as 200 miles; but never beforo dfd they have such good luck as last month 'on tho Fish Hawk'. - Not many miles from New Bedford a small company of colored brethren de cided to take up a collection. The pre siding officer offered to pass tho hat him self, and in order to encourage the others he put in a 10 cent piece. After thc col lection, during which every hand abad, been in tho hat, tho President approached tho table, turned the hat upside down, and not even bia own contribution dropped out. He opened his eves in as tonishment and exclaimed : "Po* good new, but Pro eben loss de 10 cents I started widt" Tho presiding officer de manded the restoration of the IO cent piece. But nobody came forward. After an impressive panse a brother remarkod, solemnly, "Dar 'pears to bo a great moral lesson rwm* hean somewhar." WONDERS OF SCIENCE. The Immen?? Gladers of Alaska. The study of the geology of Califor nir. enabled Prof. Whitney, aod others, td point out the traces of immense glacier* which at a time geologically recent bad existed in the mountains of the Sierra Nevada. The climate and the dimenution of the rainfall, consequent upon compar atively recent geological changes, have however, caused tho disappearance of th? greater part of these, and it was not till 1870 that Mr. Clarence King discovered actual glaciers on the north sido of the extinct volcano of Shasta in Northern California. Erom the summit of the Shasta, 14, 400 feet above tho sea, wo look down on three considerable glaciers. One of these bas a breadth of three or four miles down the canon. Its thickness is estimated in places to bo nt least 1,800 feet, and it BUT face presents great crevasses, two of them 2,000 feet long, and thirty or forty wide. Olacicrs have also been found on Mount Rainier, or Tacotns. Washington Terri tory, on Mount Hood, in Oregon, and in Alaska. Much more would be known about the glaciers of Alaska but for its compara tively recent sentlement, the thinness of its population even now, and the difficul ty of scientific observation. The Slickine is perhaps better known than any other river in Alaska, because of its being the way back to tho Cassian gold mines. It is about 850 or 400 miles long, and navigable for small steamers 150 miles, flowing first in a general west erly direction, through grass, undulating plainB, darkened hero and thero with patches of evergreens, then curving south ward, and receiving numerous tributa ries from tho north, it enters the coast range and sweeps across it to tho eca tii rough a valley more than 100 miles long, and ono to three miles wide nt the bottom, and from 5,000 to 8,000 feet deep, marvelously beautiful and inspiring from end to end. To tho appreciative observer sailing up the river through, the midst of about 110 miles is a gallery c'f sublime pictures, an unbroken scries of majestic mountains, glaciers, falls, cas cades, forests, groves, flowery garden spots, grassy meadow in endless variety of form and composition-furniture enough for a dozen Yosemite.!-while back of the walls, and thousands of feet above them, innumerable penkes and spires and domes of ice and snow tower grandly into the sky. About fifteen miles above the mouth of tho river you como to the first of the great glaciers, pouring down through the iorcst tn a shattered ice cascade neariy to the level of tho river. Here the canon is about two miles wide, planted with cottonwoods along the river, and fir and Sntchcs of wild rose and raspberry extend ack to tho grand Yosemite walls. Twelvo miles back to thia point a noble view is opened along the Skoot River canon-a group of glacier laden Alps from 10,000 to 12,000 feet high, tho source of tho largest tributary of the Stickino. Thirty-five miles below the mouth of the river the most striking object of all comes in sight. This iu the lower ex panded part*of the great glaciers, measu ring about nix miles around the snout, pushed boldly forward into the middle of the valley among the trees, while its sources are mostly hidden. It takes its rise in tho heart of the rauge, thirty or forty miles away. Compared with this the Swiss mer de glace is ft small thing. It is called the "Ice Mountain," aud seems to have been vegarded as a motionless mass, created on the spot, like the rocks and trees about, without ven turing to guess as to how or when. Tho front of the snout is about 300 feet high, but lises rapidly barfs for a few mibe to a height of about 1,000 feet. Seen through gaps of the trees growing on one of its terminal moraines, as you sail slowly along against the current, the marvelous beauty of the chasms and clustered pinnacles shows to fino advan tage in the sunshine. Forbes. Tyndall Ramsey, Merriman, Hayes ana other ob servers, have written much about the wondorful glaciers of other paris of tho world, and yet the mystery of the exact period of th? origin of these great masses ; brice tn Alaska is seldom referred tu. A GospEr. INFANT.-There was a powerful revival tho Other night at Par sou Bledso's Buo Light Tabernacle, and' among those 'who- experienced a change of heart was Jim Webster. Yesterday he met Parson Bledso, who raked Jim : "Isyergwino ter stick, James?" "Parson. Biedno, cf anybody o fie ra to gamble' on my-sticken', yer kin make money by taking 'em up. I'se gwino ter lead a new life till de lake whardowum is nether squenched is friz ober wid ice thick enough to bar a train of kerrs load ed wid railroad iron." "I'se glad to hear yer talk in dat drain," said the parson, gravely, "but kin yer ua?a by a yard after dark whar dar is close bongin' out widout bistin' yer leg ober de fence?" "Look hcah, you don't sped mo to be come a Baint in less den two days? I'se a gospel infant, what has ter be fed on light diet, but I tells yer I'm makin' rat tling good time on de. road to de New Jerusalem, when yer looks at my record foah do pass four yeahs." "How 'bout chickens?" "Last night after I had jined de gospel band; I started Co-h heme, and I Lsd to Elias down do alley what leada.by de ackyard ofCol. Jones's house. IhHdn't moah den got pass*his yeard when I found I was carryin' ono ob' his Spanish hraori nf rnnat^rfl> iv id hit? e.nmlw_ in ?nnh hand. Satan must hab shoved dem fowls in my hands." "Jim Webster, you is gwino to bring do church into discredit. Don't you know Col. Jones isde only man what raises dem Spanish breed of chickens what kin bo identified by der police?" "Dat's just what my conscience tole mo. I was filled with ??U??E? as so on as I saw what kiud of poultry I was totin' off. Besides, dom old roosters ain't wuff a cent ter brile, so I jost went back and put 'em right back whar I got 'em." "Bress de Lor\ " said Parson Bledso. "I put'em back and tuck two young pullets, what looks like any udder chick ens and was jest de right size ter brile." "Don't add lying*, Jim Webster, to yer udder sins." "I can't tell a Ho, parson, but ef you bleeves I isn't one of de elect, jes; come home wid me and bab some ob de breast and de stutfin' fdr dinner. I kin smell dem briled pullets now." He wont Galveston Netos. GET OUT Doona.-The close confine ment of all factory work gives the opera tives pallid faces, poor appetite, languid, miserable feelings, poor blood, inactive liver, kidneys and urinary troubles and all the physicians and medicines in the world cannot help them unless they get out of doors or uso Hop Bitter*, the purc.st and best remedy, especially for ?itch care?, hiving abundance of health, sunshine and rosy cheeks in them. They cost bata trifle. Bee another co!? CAnslian JRccorder. Two Wonderful Clocks, One of the most curious clocks ever made was completed not many years seo by Karl Keller, a German miner of Phil adelphia. It so nearly resembles the fa? mous Strasburg clock as to seem almost en imitation; but Ketler'declares that be bas nnvpr a?nn the great clock of Stras burg, and tbat.be never ?ven heard of it until his own work waa nearly com Eleted. At any rate, some account of letler's clock will! bo of interest to American boys and girls aa the first piece of mechanism of this sort our own j continent has produced. Keller was occupied three whole years i in the construction of his wonderful time | piece, during the last of the three work ing day and night, and often so absorbed in Iiis undertaking as tb forget both food and sleep. He was a man of very lim ited education, without any of the ad vantages of travel or wide observation, and tho whole work of this curious clock was performed with no other tools than two common jack knives. This clock ls eight feet high and four broad, has sixteen sides, and is surmount ed by a globe, over which is a cross. There aro four dial plates, all carved in curious, emblematic figures of most unique design. One of the diala shows the day of the month; another, tho day of the week; a third, tho minutes and seconds; and tho fourth, the hour of the day. Above the dial plates, a gallery extends about half way around tho clock, and in the centre of this gallery is a carved wooden figure of tho Savior, while at each end ia a small door opening into the body of the clock. Over tho right door is an eagle, and over tho lett a rooster. Twice a day-that is, at noon and midnight.-there is a sweet chiming of bells, during which the small door at the right opens, twelve wooden figures, personating the twelve apostles, march m procession, with St. Peter at their head, all along the gallery. Each in turn, as he passes the Lord, bowB with face to ward bim, and then, resuming bis former position, walks slowly forward till bc reaches the door at tho left, which they all enter. When Peter salutes tho Lord the cock crow?; and when Judos, who is in tho rear, with one hand shielding his face, and the other grasping n bag, reaches the cock, it crows twice. At tho 1 extreme corners of the clock, placed on pedestals, aro beautifully carved statues of Moses and Elio?, and in the rear are two obelisks of the Egyptian style, in-, scribed in hieroglyphics, and designed to ! symbolize the ancient period of history. The clock will ron thirty-two hours, and, I by special attachment, tho procession of I the apostles may be repeated whenever I desired. But the most astonishing thing I ever heard of in the way of a time piece is a clock described by a Hindoo rajah, as belonging to a native prince of Upper India, and jealously guarded as the rar est treasure of his luxurious palace. In front of the clock's disk was a gong, swung upon poles, and near it was a pile of artificial human limbs. The pile was made up of the full number of parts for twelve perfect bodies, and all lay heaped together in seeming confusion. Whenever the hands of tho clock indi cated the heur of one. out from the pile crawled just the number of parts needed to form the frame of one man, part join ing itself to part with quick, metalic click; and, when completed, the figure Bprang up, seized a mallet, and walking up to the gong, struck one blow that sent the sound pealing through every room and corridor of that stately castle. This done, he returned to the pile and fell to pieces again. Wheu two o'clock came two men arose and did likewise; and so through all the hours of the day, tho number of figures being the carno as the number of the hour, ? till at noou and midnight, the entiro heap Bprang up, and marching to tho gong, struck, one after another, each his blow, making twelve in ail, and then fell to pieces. "Some Wonderful Automata;'1' St. Nicholas for February. THE BEAUTY OF BALDNESS.-A great change has taken place of late years with rv?ard to the estimation in which bald ness is held. Fifty years ago it was viewed as a serious infliction, a misfor tune to be concealed by a wig or a velvet skull cap. In such cases, no doubt, the wig woe intended to deceive, and to give a juvenile appearance wo iU wearer, in tho majority of cases, however, tho cov ering was so plainly artificial that it was clearly adopted not from a motive of vanity, but simply to bide an unpleasant object from the eyes of the world. Of late years, however, partly, it would ap Eear, from tho habit of wearing ' beard aving come into fashion, baldness is far more common than it used to be. It may be that nature furnishes to each human being a sufficiency of what may be called bair ointment to support an aveiage quantity of hair, and that when men al low their beards to grow they do so to the detriment of the natural covering of the scalp. Certain it is that a large proportion of men with beards begin to g?wTT b?iu st an abnormally early age. Hitherto, howover, they have, when questioned, been willing to allow that they regarded the lack of ha?ras a draw back tc their personal appearance. They will now be inclined to take higher ground, for The British Medical Journal tells us that in a lecture on baldness, Professor Fonrnler says: There is noth ing ridiculous or mid-formed about it. and it confers upon the physiognomy an expression of wisdom, experience and venerability. It adapts Iteelf marvelous ly to certain heads which would ba de formed by a ,wig, and is the severe beauty represented in sculpture by ibo ciassic head of iEschylus." This is consolation indeed. Henceforth let man bow before the severely beautiful; let there be an end of the uso of unguents and oils, and let depilatories take their place upon the toilet table. Let tho thoughtless and f;iddy keep the hair on their heads, but et all who vrlne tho possession of the severe iEscbyluo get their heads as bald as a billiard bsU without an instant's delay. WU-'CED AND BBIDELESS.-They don't permit a drunken man to marry in Odessa. On the contrary, they whip bim and give bis bride to another. An illus tration of this occurred, when a couple appeared in church and requested the pri?e t io marry them. The priest, detecting an unsteadiness of gr.it ia the bridegroom, refused, and called the young man a ''boosing swine." Indignant at the untimely inebriate, the father of the drunkard seized him by tho collar, dragged bim ont of tba church and labored him with a stout cudgel, in the hope of making bim sober enough to marry. The bride's1 father, however, took ? more practical view of the situation, and declaring the engagement off, ?aid that any eligible candidate for his daughter's hand might wed her on the spot without incurring any expense. Two aspirants came forward, and after inspection by the bride, and interrogation ?fte to their worldly condition, ono was politely dismissed, and the other took the "boozing swine's" place, and wal J made ft happy husband. A Safa Daslucss. A man of industry and good, sound judgment, under favorable circum- ? stances, will make himself a comforts- j ble home and nccumulato a competence j on the farm. His industry will cause ? tho aeren to bud',and blossom, and his judgment will keen him out of risky nide-entcrpriaeu, and from getting head over heels in debt, and outside specula tion usually leads tho farmer into it. As a rule, it is best to stick to ono business. With few exceptions, the man who gets two many irons in tho firo will got some of the irons burned, and will be very lucky if be does not get somo of hij fin gers badly scorched. Bo almost univer sal is the operation)of the rule that the world is accustomed to wait patiently for .the downfall of any man with tnc or tbreo kinds of business on hand, aod'if such a man happens to get throaghtail right, instead of getting credit for being a legitimate exception, he is turned ofT with the ?imple exclamation, What a lucky fellow I Successful farming re quires all the force and ingenuity of one brain. Slipshod farming will conduct itself, but not so good farming. Any body cnn plant nndsow, and anybody cnn gather what grows?. But it is not every body that can do either as it ought to be done. Farming h'& complicated science -the grand ngg*?v-ite of nil sciences and it requires.hurd study and close ap plication. Entertaining thc now pretty generally exploded idea that anybody can farm, or that the farm will tako care of itself, inanyva}fariner has tried to ilvo on tho farm and devote the most, or, to be rca sonable*in expression, a part of his time to other callings. In ninety-nine cases of a hundred disaster has resulted, and both farm and outside* business ; have been smashed ; and in view of what tho past hos shown in this particular, the best advice that can bo given is to stick to tho farm if you have one, or to let the farra alono if you aro determined to enter upon or continue in some other business. The risks in farming, os already stated, aro comparatively few. There is no dan ger of ruin arising from compction ; there is none arising from tho treachery of bus iness associates. The farm, under or dinary circumstances, is sure to furnish enough to make the family comfortable, and extraordinary circumstances which are of a providential character always, are not very apt to exist. Tho farmer is engage in tho production of articles wlilch tho public must have. It makes no dificrenco what elso tho people do without, they must have new flour, and while a depression of thc times may limit the demand, it cannot wholly destroy it. Thus is tho farmer engaged in a business which is always active. If other kinds of business are *ilourishing,*^{agriculture must be on [the very topmost round ; if other kinds of business are depressed, agriculture must still bo on a round a little above any other business. In mercantile .or? purely [speculative business, there is no certainty of Bafety for a week, raid scarcely for an hour. Financial panics may come and swallow up values until tho merchant is ruined and the speculator stranded ; competi tion may bankrupt one1',ten,,'or scores'''of merchants. But if news should come that a fanner, who had for years been entirely free from debt, and bad been raising good crops all '" tho while," had gone into bankruptcy, it would astonish ' every one, except that they would account for it upon the grounds of outside spec ulation. Farming is a pretty sure busi ness, and if it can bo relieved of some of the unjust burdens that are pressing it down, the farmer can afford to bo content. - Wettern Rural. A PKINTEH'S DREAM.-A printer sat in his office chair ; his boots were patch ed and his coat threadbare, while his taco looked weary and worn with care. While sadly thinking of business' debt, old Morpheous ?lowly" round him crept, and before bo knew it un soundly slept; and sleeping, he dreamed that he was dead, from trouble and toi! his spirit had fled, and that not even a cow-bell tolled for the peaceful rest of his cow-hide sole. As he wandered among tho shades, tho smoke and scorch in lower Hades, he shortly observed an iron door that creak i ugly Bwung on hinges ajar, but the en trance was crossed by a red-hot bar, and Satan himself stood peeping out and watching for travelers thereabout, and thus to the passing printer spoke, and with growling voice the echoes woke: "Come in, my dear, it shall cost you nothing, and never fear ; this is the place where I cook the ones who never pay their subscription sums ; for, though in life they will find when dead it is too late ; I will show you the place where I melt them thin, with red-hot chains and scraps of tin, and also where I comb their heads with broken glass and melted lead, and if of refreshments they only think, there's boiling water for them to drink; there's tho red hot grindstone to grind down his nose, and red-hot rings to wear on his toes; and if they mention they don't like fire, I'll sew up their mouths with red bot wire ; and then, dear sir, you would eco them squirm while I roll them over and cook to a turn." With these last words the prin ter awoke, and thought a practical joke ; but still at times so real did it seora that he cannol believe it wes all a dream : and often he thinks with a chuckle dna grin of tho face of those who save their tin and never nay the printer.- .*>?:; v??fe Pott. FALLING FROM A BALLOON.-A fright ful and probably unprecedented balloon accident occurred on Sunday evening, 81st October, at Courbovoio, near Paris. ' A large crowd had assembled to witness the novel and perilous ascent of ? gym nast called Augusto Navarre, who, with inexplicable fool-fiardiness, had volun teered to perform a number of athletic feats on a trapeze suspended from a Montgolficio balloon named the Vidon . .liaise. Rejecting the advice of by. standers, Navarre refused to allow him self to be tied to the trapeze. There was no car attached to the balloon. At near 5 o'clock the balloon was let loose from its moorings and rose majestically In the air. Navarre, hanging on the trapeze,ap peared quite confident, and repeatedly i Buluted tho spectator!. When, however, the balloon had reached a height of near ly one thousand yards the crowd was horrified to seo him suddenly let go tho bar and fall. The tragic descent waa watched in breathless excitement. At last the body reached the ground, strik ing with such force that it made a hole in the earth two feet deep and rebounded four yarda. It was crushed and mangled > almost beyond recognition. Meanwnile the balloon, freed frcm ita human ballast, shot np with lightning speed, and soon disappeared from sight. Late in the! evening it burst and fell at a neighboring town, much to tito consternation of the inhabitants or the' busy Parisian qcarter. - No child can be healthy if worms abound in its stomach. Send for Shri ner's Indian Verm?fugo, the reliable remedy. - Tea culturo in Florida is receiving i Attention. Tie Family Doctor. A very ?imple mod eruditions war of cooking a little bit of di i ole eu or fish for a sick person is to butter a paper thickly, and.'place tbe'food to be cooked within tbe paper, and pince it on a grid iron over a clear^lre. A very ?hort (imo suffices to cook it thoroughly ; and I bare often found that to be eaten ?beti all other modes of invalid cookery bave been tried in vaib.-Chamber? Jour nal. Teeth are^deatroyed either byltho ac tion of acids or tbe developeoaont of veg-' otable paras!tea. Tbe former ia tbe muon more frequent canse of decay. It ba? been demonstrated by actual experiment that even very wcrtk acids, may suffice to decompose tbo teeth substances. In forty-eight hour? the juice of grapes will render tho enamel of a chalky consistence. Most vegetabl???ubatartoea are inert until fermentation takes place and;ncetic acid1 i.i formed. Animal substances exert no deleterious influence-.! uuttt putrefaction ia far advanced. ' "^'t When cold affects tbo bend and eyes and impedes breathing througlijtho noee, great relief ia gained by a wet napkin spread over the upper p?rt or the face, covering the nose, except an opening for breath. Thia la to bo covered by folds of flannel fastened over tho napkin with a Laiikercbief. So a wet towel over tho napkin with a bankercbief. 80 also a wet towel over the throat atd whole chest, covered with" folds of nunnet,.often relieves oppressed lungs. So pay* Misa B?cher, and truly. ', lu addition, use a hot lemonade on retiring nt night. Thia is the beat time nho for the hot foot-bath, which should be followed by the lemon side. Invalids should keep the refreshments covered in their Bick room. The jollies, b'anc-maugos, and various liquida used as cooling drinks, are moro or fess absor bent, and easily tako up the impurities which float about a sick room. A glass of milk left uncovered will Boon become tainted with any prevailing odor, ?a can be proven by leaving it in a room freshly painted. How important, then, that the Eoisons of sickness should be carefully cut from all that ia to bo eaten. If a person swallows any poison what ever, or has fallen into convulsions from having overloaded the stomach, and in stantaneous remedy, moat efficient and applicable iu a large number of cases, is a heaping teaspoonful of common salt, and as much ground mustard, stirred rapidly ina teacupful of water, Warm or cold, and swallowed instantly. It is scarcely down before it begins to mme hp Knnainff With ?! tb w ff; yj) fl j rt i M g CC?? tentg of the stomach ; and lest there bo any remnant of the poison, however small, let tho white of an egg or a teaspoonful of strong coffee be swallowed as soon as the stomach is quiet, as these articles nullify a largo number of virulent poi son!. DEATH OP A FAMOUS SOPRANO.-Isa bolla McCullocb, tho soprano singer, died in New York City Monday. She was a native of South Carolina. Uer father was a well-to-do Scotchman, but tho war swept away his fortune and left tho family_ In very straitened circum stances. 'J/bo daughter had a magnifi cent voice, and under the advice of local musicians paid particular attention . to | its cultivation. At the Academy of Co lumbia, which she attended, her singing was famous. It was in the winter of 1867-8 that she made her debut in New ! York, Binging with credit in "Uu Bailo in MoHcbera." She bad been a pupil of j Torriuni, and won success as a singer from the first. As au actress her Scotch directness of address and bluntness of manner were blemishes in ber perform ance. Miss McCulloch's first tour of Ms continent was mado in company with Adelaide Phillips. Sue sang with La Orange in ' Don Giovanna." and in 'Lo Proph?te," and at different times was under engagement to both Max and Maurice Strakoscb. When the opera of "Lurline" was brought out for tho first time she sustained the title role, and her friends declare that her singing of "Sweet Spirit? Hear my Prayer" hos nev er been surpassed in sweetness. "Mar tha" was ber favorite opera. Some ieu years ago elie met Brignoli, and aftr: ? nearly two years of most persistent woo-1 ing upon bis part she married bim and left the stage. After six years of married life, part of it spent in Europe, Brignoli abandoned ber, and her suit for divorce about two years ago finally separated th.-m. For a number of years post she; has supported herself as a church singer, for a time in Grace Church, and later in St. Stephen's. Since the opening of the cathedral she hasbeen chief soprano in thc choir.-N. Y. Mail. NRW USE OF TIIE COTTON PLANT. Tho Fayetteville (N. C.) Examiner of a recent date speaks a?? follows of tbe new use to which the cotton stalk can proba bly be put : Mr. John Kirkpatrick, of this county, called at our office a few days ago with a atrong piece of twine, about the aira used for tying up paree!:, of goods. This twine was made from a fibre of the cotton stalk bark. Tbe stalk was immersed in water and tito woody portion rotted leav ing the fibre. lia strength ls undeniable if this string can be taken fora sample. The stalks should be gathered for this purpose before frost falls on the plant. Much has been said about jute and its adaptability to out null uu? climate. Would not the cotton stalk answer in its placo? Mr. K. "is of tbs opinion that ropes, strings and all sorts of bagging can be successfully manufactured from the cotton bark fibre, and we seo no reason to doubt it. The variety of the uses of the cotton plant is something marvelous. Cloth .rom the wool ; oil from the seed ; paper from the hulls : oil cake from tbe ker nels ; bagging from the fibre, and great quantities of valublo manure for the im provement of farms ; these are to be the results of thi?; the moat valuable plant ever given by nature to man. "SOLID COMFORT."-A lady in this city noticed her colored 'help' chewing pins and needles. The lady, thinking the amusement was a dangerous one, re commended that she desist. "No chile," abe ?aid. (The mistress was much younger than the servant.) "In de slabs times I had heab of trouble. I rought comfort^* whiskey, but dat gib mo beadacbe ic/he mo'nin'. 80 I tned emokin'. Thatf was do berry same. Den cha win' I tried. But that was no good. Hap'ly one mo'nin' I thought ob pins ana needles. I pots a bunch-of pins or needles in my mouf, chaws them, and tbey gabe me a beab ob solid comfort. Se now when ever I feel wearied ob de trials of dis wuld I puts pins and needles ia n ty mouf sud chaws them. Yon bab no idee what solid comfort tbsra is in pins and needles I" "Don't you over swallow any by acci dent?" tho lady asked. "Cues: dr., chile, guess do; for some nights I gc to sleep with moaf full, and they're all gone io.de mo'ninV'^Cfaeto* natl Gazette. - The world is satisflied with words ; few caro to dive beneath tbe surface. ? Wasp fa an OM Man's Slipper. There are times in the life of the small boy vf hen he feels very sad from the ase of a slipper or switch upon him. If any thing happens to the' person who has thus afflicted him, bis joy is great, as will be seen from the following incident: A gcutlcmnu returned home from his daily toil and had ?pulled off his boots and was going to put on hts slippers, when a bowl of intonso'agony resounded through the hall. The affrighted family rushed to the door and beheld their papa heaving the shadows with wild gestures and fmntlo gyrations. "Take it off," he shouted, and made a grab al his foot, but|!missing!it, went on with the war dante. "Wai to ri" bo shrieked, nod started up stairs, three at a step, and. turning, came back in a siugle stride. "Oh, I'm stabbed I" bo cried, and 'sank to tho floor and held his right leg high above his1 head; then he rose to bis ".feet with a bound, scroamiug for the; boot jack, and held his foot out toward his terrified family. "Oh, bring tho arnica," he yelled, and with one despairing effort ho reached his slipper and got it ot?, and, with a groan as deep a? a well, and as hollow asa drum, sank into n chair and clasped his foot in both bands. "Look out for the scorpion," he whimpered hoarsely, "I'm a dead man." The small boy was by this limo out in the wood-shed, rolling in the kindling in an ccstacy of glee, and pausing occasion ally tn oxplain to the son of a neighbor, who had dropped in to see if there was any innocent sport going on in which he could share, "Oh, Bill 1 Bill," he said, "you wouldn't boliove; sometime to day, somehow or other, a big niuo wasp got into the old man's slipper, und when .ne como homo and put them on-oh I Bill, you don't know what fun I've had." Dalia* ( Texat) lierai J. MAUMED MEN.-Hear what MIKS Bremer says about married men. "So good was ne, that I now tako tho oppor tunity of making a confession which 2 have often had upon my lips, but have hesitated to make for the fear of drawing upon myself tho hatred of every married woman. But now I? will run the risk. So now-for it-Bomo timo or other people must unburden their hearts. I confess, that I never find a man more lovable or moro captivating thad when ne is a married man. A man never so hnndBome, never so perfect, in my eyes as when he is married, as whou ho is a husband and the father of a family, supporting in MB manly arms, wife and children, and tho whole domestic circle, which, on bis entrnnco into marriage state, close around bim and constitute part of his home and world. He is not mere ly ennobled by bis position, but he is ac tually benefited by it; then ho appears to mo to be the crown -of creation ; and it is only such a man that is dangerous to me and with whom I am inclined to fall in love. But then, propriety forbids it. And Moses and all European legislatures declare it to be sinful, and all married women would consider it a sacred duty to stone me. Nevertheless, I cannot prevent the thing. It is so, and it can not bo otherwise ; and my only hope of ?ppfewing ibes? WuO ar? ?XCtt?d BgniuSt me is in my futnro confession, that no love affects ms so {pleasantly; the con templation of no lappiness makes mo so happy as that botveen married peoplo 1 It is amazing to myself, because lt seems to methat I, living unmarried, ot*match less, have but little to do. But it is nnd always was so. THE SWAN.-The most graceful of all aquatic fowls is but little known in this country, owing, it may bo said, to our utilitarian ideas, and partly to the thought that they will require much care. Our country it dottod with numberless sheets of smooth, clear water, whoso beautiful surfaces would be rendered still more beautiful by the addition of these beautiful birds. They will occupy the same water with the geese and ducks, if necessary. They remain nine-tenths of the time in the water, sleeping there through the mild weather, and, in fact, until the lake freezes over. It is not un usual for them, on a sudden ohange of w?*ther, to become so surrounded by ice thai it is r-ecessary to break it up to free them. Their favorite feed Is grass, bread, or small, tnnder corn leaves. For wir ier kcop'ng all that is needed ia a wMrm room, giving them a largo tub of water, a little bread, cabbage leaves, etc. The female deposits her eggs early in the spring, rarely moro than two, but in exceptional cases six to eight in number. The eggs are larger than those of geese even, and it takes thirty-fivo days of steady work to bring out tho your.0 ones, or cygnets, as they ate called. They aro very hardy, and require no caro but that of tho parents. Their flesh is very delicate, but epi cures rarely get a taste of it in this coun try. They go in pairs and live thus more peacabiy than when left in large numbers. These birds aro very long lived, numerous instances are given of tneir living even to 100 years. They are much less trou blesome about the placo thar ho gaudy peacock. We trust that we may yet see in many of our private grounds more of theso beautiful birds. TEAPrED.-There is a story told of a lady, nnd gentleman traveling together on BU ciuguau railroad. They were stran gers to each other. Suddenly the gentle man said : "Madam, I will trouble you to look out of the window for a few minutes ; I am going to make somo changes in my wear ing ?pp?rci. "Certainly, sir," Bbc replied, with great politeness, rising and turning her back upon him. In a very abort time he said : "Now, madam, my chango is completed and you may resumo your own seat." When the lady turned she beheld her male company transformed into a dashing lady with a veil over ber face. "Now, sir, or madam, whichever you Uko," said tbe lady, "I must trouble you to look out of tho window, for I ?lsd have some changes to make in my r.pparel." "Certainly, madam," and the gentle man, in lady's attire immediately com plied. "Now, sir, you may resume your own seat" To his great surprise, on resenting his seat, the gentleman in female attire I found bia lady companion transformed I tato a man. He laughed loudly and said : "It appears that we are both anxious to avoid recognition. What have you done ? I have robbed a bank." "And I," said the whilom lady, as ho dexterously- fettered his companion's wrists with a pair of handcuff*, "am De tective J-, of Scotland Yard, and in female apparel have shadowed yon for two days: now," drawing a revolver, "keep still i" - In struggling to make * dull-brained boy understand what conscience waa, a teacher asked : "What makes yon un comfortable after you have dono wrong f" "Father'a leather strap," feelingly replied the boy. Words of Wisdom. There is no suffering equal to fear, for it has no limit. Charity is a first mortgage on every hun.nn being's possessions. The moro virtuous n man is the more virtue does he seo iu others. A man cannot do good nor evil to otb em without doing good or evil to him self. Thesemen whoso brains ar?? few but active, are the most successful in busi ness. A weak mao is worse than an Insane ?mc, for the latter may bo cured or kept harmless. Men owe their resolution, and most of their success, to the opposition they meet with. Mankind nil suffer alike, but some know how to conceal their trouble bet ter than others. One reason why wo all grow wiso so slowly, is because wo nurse our mistakes too fondly*. He who loves to read, nnd knows how to reflect, IIBB laid by a perpetual feast for his old age. Thc divinity of charity consists in re lieving a man's needs before they are forced upon us. A mau is great, jost in proportion to his superiority tn the condition of life in which ho ii placed. There is no strength In exaggeration ; even the truth ia weakened by being ex pressed to strongly. A strong man ia ono whoso passions stimulate his reason and whose reason controls his passions. Unfortunately, tho only pedigree worth having is ono that can bo neither trans mitted or inherited. Ono of the kindest things heaven has done for man is denying him the power of Inoking into the future. Monuments do not prove very much after all ; somo of thc wisest and best men who have ever lived aro buried, no ono knows where. It is generally snfe to converso freely with an unreserved talker, but when a man lets you carry on all the conversa tion it is well tone on your guard, for tho probability is, ho Ie taking your measure.-Scribner's Magasine. WATCH THE CHILDREN'S FEET. Lifelong discomfort and sudden death cite:: como to children through tho in attention or carelessness of the parents. A child should never bo allowed to go to sleep with cold feet ; the thing to bo I allowed to go to Bleep with cold feet : tho thine to last attended to in tn BJW? ?hat I the feet aro dry and warm. Neglect of i inls has often resulted in a dangerous I attack of croup, diphtheria, or a fated I sore throat. Always on coming from school, on entering tho ?O?B? from a visit or errand in rainy, muddy or thawy weather, the child should removo its shoes and the mother herself ascertain whether the stockings are the least damp. If they are, they should be taken off, tho feet held before thu fire and rubbed with tho hands till perfectly dry, and another pair of shoes put on. The reserve nhoes and Btnckiug* should bo kept where they are good and dry, 90 ns to b'o ready at a minute's notice. ORIGIN OP THE TERM "PRINTER'3 DEVIL."-When Aldns Maiiutius set up in business as a printer in Venice, ho came into possession of a Ult!? negro boy This hry was soon known ali over tho city ns "the little black devil," for at that time negroes were not often seen in Venice, and some of tho most ignorant people believed bim to be either an.em bodiment cr an emissery of Satan, who aided Aldus in tho work of bia profession. One day Manutiua. desiring to dispel this ?trange and spreading opinion, displayed the young imp publicly to the poorer classes, making this short but character istic speech: "Be it known to you nnd all Venice that I, Aldus Mauutius, prin ter to the holy church and the dodge, have this day made exposure to all of the printer's devil. And if any think he is not like us. fleeh and blood, they may come and pinch him, and they wit! find that though he is black, he is hu man." DEVELOPMENT OF THE TEA 1 .ADE. -In 1848 thirteen firms only ' nportcd teas into tho United Stetes. Two years after Young Hyaon was tho kind most used, nnd it was sold at $1.50 per pound. To-day the same quality can be bought for 76 cents. From 1667 till 1860 Eng land controlled the entire tea trade of the world. She now commands tho marketa of Congou, Souchong and the Indian, while tho United States directs the talo for Japans, oolongs aud greens. The enormous increase, in the production of Indian teas sinco their first importation forty years ago-estimated at 40,000,000 pounds annually-has enabled Fngland to maintain the greater control over the entire crop of tho world. If, however, the rapid Increase of tho American tea trade continues, the United States, before the commencement pf the next century, will stand first and foremost in ita impor tation. -Bishop Daniel 8. Doggett, of the Methodist Episcopal Church South died at bis residence in Richmond, Va., Wed nesday night,'after a protracted illness. Tho deceased was one of the ablest divines in the Methodist Church. He was born 1 _ Tr __._A-t _ ._A XT - ._ ? n ? rt ? - IU ij.iiiiu.iici vimiiw, 7 ii., til IOU'. Ab an carly ago he read law under his father, with tho intention of entering that profession. This design, however, he abandoned, and before he was seven teen began to study for the ministry. i:c!'.:re ?S .::.z eighteen uu ?uitm vue pulpit. Soon after arriving at the age of manhood Dr. Doggett entered the Randolph-Macon College, an institution conducted by tho Mctlodist Church. After leaving college be was assigned a charge, and from that time till about 1873 he preached in almost all of tho principal churches ofhia denomination In Virgin ia. In 1873 be was made a bishop. - The total valne of the taxable prop erty in Charleston county for the fiscal year 188C is $26,821,065, of which $16, 046,917 is in real estate, and $9.874,138 in personal property. This is an increase of $368,657 over last yea?, when the total amount of taxablo property was $26, 462,498. The value of personal property thia year has been raised $668,481, while that of real property has been reduced $304,924. - There aro three kinds of people in the world-the wills, the wont's and the can't*. The first accomplish everything : the second opposa everything ; the third fail in everything. - It is hard to do anything simply because it ls your duty. Once make your duty a pleasure and your whole life be comes a quiet happiness. - Taking a penvy that does not be long to one removes the barrier between integrity and rascality. - Truth is always present: it only need? to lift tho iron lids of tho mind's eye to read its oracles. - Better bo in sh arno now thon at the day of judgmcut. - Draw not thy bow bdfore thy arrow io fixed. (Jenora! We wa Snuruary. ?- A seventy-acre field near Norcross, Qa., yielded seventy bales of cotton this year. - The Controller, of Texas, next month, will offer for sale about 4,000,000 acres of land fur taxes. - There was a marriage in Bristol, Conn., last Week, in which tho bride was only 18 and the croom 85. ' - Isabella Pigeon; a weaver in tbe I Crescent mill, at Fall River, Maes;, has fallen heir to $170,000 by the death of at unole in Australia. - Joseph Benz, a Mexican, sixty-five . ?ears old, has been sentenced to death at laredo, Texas, for a criminal assault on a child six years, old. ~ There were heavy snow storms in the Northwest la'e week. In some por* tions of Mtauvsota tho snow was deeper than at any time last winter. - A young man died at Son Antonio, Texan, after picking cotton, from the effect of poisou put on the cotton to kill Insects. His brother is ill from the same cause. - Colombia county, Gs., will ask the Legislature to give them the authority to prohibit the sale of intoxicating liquors. This movement is gaining strength every day in Georgia. Every Prince of the House of Prussia is, when young, taught soino useful trade, and the Emperor. William's Cabinet ia filled with specimens bf the handiwork of bis Sous and grandsons. - John Sheppnrd,a farmer near Peo ria, III,, has faithfully kept n vow minto in 1860 not to cut bis hair or shave until the election of a Democratic.President. His whiskers reach ni mon to bis waist and bU hair is kept in braids. - Amy G. Wardell, a daughter of Leonard C. Wasdell of Providence, Rhode Island, impressed with the idea that she was committing a sin in eating, six weeks ago began a fast which ended only with bor death last week. ? i^-rr In Holyoke. Mass., Mary Herring* ton hos recovered $3,40O in a'nuit against Micheal McKeltop, a liquor denier, for tho loss of ber husband, who waa killed by Michael O'Neil in a drunken row, the liquor being procured in McKellop'a sa* loon. - A valuable heifer, belonging to a farmer near Northallerton, in England, recontly broke its leg, nod it bau to be amputated. The animal has since been fitted, with a wooden leg, on which it moves about with tho utmost eave, which proves tho absurdity of hastily ordering tho destruction of nnlmalsthat meet with auch accidents. - A leading church in Bradfoid, Tenn., is agitated over tba innovation of a cornet in tho choir. The pastor, or ganist, music committee and choristers approve the uso of tho instrument os au aid to congregational singing, but tho trustees denounco lt aa a "brass devil." and tho member* aro divided io hostile camps.-Lowville Courier-Jovrnal. - The superintendent of th- railway mail Borvico bas completed 1 annual report for the last fiscal year It shows that ibero aro now covered b> this ser vice 108,460 miles of railroad and steam boat routes, an increase of 5,329 miles since last y e.r. The number of pieces of mail matter handled by tho employes of this division during the year renchhd tho enormous aggreguto of 2.670,000,000. The report risks for increased appropria 6ZU33 IU Ssse* *?w w.... .J ... ii n j craning demands of the railway mail eorvicc. - Dr. Thompson, of Union, S. C., is trying the experiment of keeping green food for his stock during tbo winter, by burying it in a pit prepared for that pur pose. The pit is about ten feet square - and planked up to within about four feet of the ton of the ground, i This pit he bas filled with green pea vines, corn, etc., (about forty two-homo loads,) which . are cut up with a feed cutter and packed in the pit with feet and malls. Tho food is covered with plank and four feet of dirt. People in Franco and several of the Northern States kei p green food all win'or this way. -The nest Presto, at will probably bave it in bis power vc appoint a majori ty of the Judges of the United States Su preme Court. Justices Hunt' and Clif ford aro buffering from paralytic utrokeu, and it is not probable that they will ro main upon tho bonch much longer, even though they partially recover health. Justice Swayne ia 75 years old and Jus tice Strong IB 72. It Is said that both of them contemplate retiring as they have the right to do. Justice Miller has been on the bench twenty years, and is 65 yearn of ago. He, too, bas the right to retire. Justice Bradly is 67, and will probably remain on the bench for some years y ~ From this it appears that should the par ty which succeeds tho present adminis tration in power desire to effect a chango in the Supremo Court, it can bo done without tho necessity of legiation to that end. - Mr. Hayes saves nearly all his sal* j ary. No President ever succeeded in saving such a large proportion of his I uai.arv. His tri~ West sill result ia & raving to the economical President of $10,000. Ail his family expenses bore are now cut off. while bia Western trip costs him nothing. If be should remain in Columbus this winter, and seud bis message by mail, he would clinch his autumnal savings in a way no ono hero would find fault with.- Wathington Star. ._Til nr.? U loy in J3u!!5?b jost DOW, for one of King Thoebair's consorts has quite 'reeu ?ly presented that monarch with a son. Mother and child aro doing well. Tho happy father is so elated by the achievement of his sponso, Su Hpa Vtth Tjlf- that VIA Una njitmiirir?oil Ma In. tention 'to wed ber younger elster forth with. As bo has put to death nearly all his relatives having any claim to the succession, bis Majesty cannot be too fervently congratulated upon tbe acqui sition of an heir, from cutting whoso throat ho will probably be deterred. by the feelings of a father and the inte.'V of a dynasty. - Some mention has been made of tho efforts to introduce Chinese, labor into Louisiane, by tho planters of tbat State, Movements have been actively made to ship Chinese laborers from Cu ba, and arrangements bad beeu made for i several ship loads. Bat the Chiucso ; consul at Havana appears to bo acting in concert with the Spanish authorities to throw obstacles in the way. The Spanish ! officials charge four dollars to eaoh Chineo i named for a passport, and tho Chinese j consul charges four additional. This practically puts an embargo on the de* portation of the Oblnese, whom, it is understood, tho Spanish authorities do not wLh to leave tho island. Tho Louis iana interests are, however, in earnest in the matter, and as soon as Mr. Evarta gets through with campaigning Md la ready to attend to tho business of tho department of State-he ?ill be asked to make the proper ropresintationa in tho matter. Tho Louisiana peoplo say they would be very glkd to moko a few thou< esndsof the Chin?se who are giving tho Pacific coast citizens so much trouble and anxietv, but it would cost ai least ten ames as much to bring them from that section, and this is the rouen why they are compelled to look to Cuba to get them.