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BY E. B. MURRAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 8, 1880. VOLUME.XV.TN?; 52. ypf cowga, -, ?nd Clin racier-A Record that Ko One wilt Envy. From Charleston Newi and Courier, Of the early life of O. 0. Bowen little ?6 known. By bis own account he waa j born In Providence. Rhode Island, and ! came South when quite young. He went first to Augusta, Ga., and from that point wandered fro ta place to place in Georgia and Florida aa e mechanic in search of work. When work failed he gambled/ , and bo admitted that ho had played faro '"on both aides of the table/' In Feb ruary, 1860, he weat to Lee County. Georgia, whore, it appears, be remained up to the spring of 1862, during which timo he wan nngaged in farming. ID ! 1862 he catered tue Confederate service I nt Savannah, Ga., in a company called "The Partisan Bangers," and in the early part of May, 1862, went into camp wi tu the command, upon the organization of which he was elected third lieutenant. The company after remaining at Savan nah some time mustered ninety-five men, and waa attached to the battalion com- ? manded by Col. Wm. Parker White, the I ? officer whose assassination' Bowen was afterwards charged with instigating. The command came to Charleston in ? January; 1863, Bowen being at that time j the only com m ?.?ioned officer of the company, the others having resigned. Col. White requested him to consent to the appointment of new officers, which Bowen declined. The command left ! Charleston in April, 1863, and went into camp' ?t; Waccamaw" N?clci Bowen ob tained leave of absence and went to Savannah and did not return nntil Sep tember, after his leave of absence bad . expired. At this time he was captain of hi? company, which was Company D, Twenty-first Georgia Battalion of Cav alry*. Ho was court-martialed on three charges, as follows : 1st. Conduct unbe ' coming an officer and a gentleman, tho specification being that he bad altered his leave of absence and changed the dates for the purpose, of obtaining his pay in Savannah : 2d. Breaking bis ar rest : and 3d. Conduct prejudicial to good order and military discipline. He was convicted of all the charges mil specifications and dismissed from- the service. Shortly alter this occurrence, Col. White was assassinated near the camp in Georgetown County. Accord ing to Bowen's statement, after his dis missal from tho scrvico he ? went to Co lumbia on tho 8d of March, 1864, and remained thero five or sis days. Tuen be wont to AugUBta, where ho remained a few days, after which he came to Charleston, where ho was arrested on tho charge of having murdered Col. White. Ho was incarcerated in the Orphauhouso a"d subsequently in thc Jail, where he renamed until the evacuation of tho city. Coucerning the assassiuation of I Col. White it was shown that Eli G. Grimes, a man who used to work for j Bowen io Leo County, Georgia, and who hud subsequently joined Bowen'a com pany, had committed the deed. Grimes testified that he had shot Col. White by "Capt. Bowen's orders." The witness described minutely the crime in all its details. He said Bowen came to him about SOO yards from the camp at Wac camaw ; carried him into a thick wood to a place v/hero he (Bowen) bari cutout an opening with a knife, und told him to place himself there in tho clearing and shoot Col. White when he passed along thc road on. picket duty;' Tue witness ?aid that bo had secreted himself there mid th ic Col. White bad passed frequent ly, but vhat be did not attempt to shoot him;*, that "'owe?* kept abusing him and urgfog him to kill White, and that he had carried him to other places to do the H2*u? deed. On one occasion, Grimes Hai?*, --?hen Bowen had placed him neara bane, to shoot Col. White, he (Grimes} had taken the lock off his gun and had broken the mainspring, and Bowen had cursed him for his seeming carelessness, aud remarked. that it was d-d strange that tho main-spring had broken just at that time. A few. days before the shoot ing Bowen hud told him that he (Bowen) . wan going ;to ^Charleston, and would be back in a few days ; that when be got back he would oe in command of tile company, and that if ho (Grimes) did not kill Col. White before he (Bowen) came back, he would never ?iee home, Bowen then gave bim a gun which be Bowen, loaded himself. Grimes stated that on ibo night of tho murder he went to Col. White's quat Mrs, fired through the weatherboarding, and throwing the ?im in the ditch ran off back to bi? camp, ic was subsequently arrested and con fessed tho shooting to Col. Whito before that officer died, Ead gave the evidence which led to the arrest of Bowen on the charge of having instigated thc murder, Both Bow **i and Grimes were under arrest for murder wheu tho Federal forces occupied Charleston. The abovo facta wore vaguely known during the teri years immediately follow ing the war, and were frequently referred to nv thia journal. Emboldened by hia official station and political influence, as well as by his long immunity from arrest, in April/1875, Sheriff Bowen instituted a criminal prosecution for libel against thc proprietors of tho News ami Courier for tba publication of articles charging ! him with ?he crime of murder. The ?ri?l wai, "??robably, tho most dramatic and exciting that has over taken place in a Charleston cou?t. Grimes, the only witness who could substantiate and jus tify tho obnoxious publications, bad not been heard of for years and nobody knew Iiis whereabouts, and Bowen and bia counsel, Messrs. Corbin and Buttz, .were enteis tr * tr caw pwuiivwic v? *uw 1 Naps and Courier would be convicted. At the critical moment, however, and to tho utter c onsternation of the prosecu tion, G.imcs himself appeared in court and took the stand, repeating with great exactness of detail his testimony ot ten years before, and pointing out Bowen, in the hushed and crowded, court room, aa tho man who had compelled him by abuse and threats to fire tho shpt that -killed Col. White. The "defense -waa managed with great skill by tho counsel for tho Newt and Courier, consisting of Mr. Hi A. M. Smith, Major W, H. Braw ?ay tnd Menant Porter ? Conner. The F*??** f?.?l?d to'ogrce, ono of their number ing a henchman of Bowen ; but the voto stood ll to 1 in favor of acquittal, and tho result was claimed and conceded at a triumphant Vindication of the'AViej and Courier. ma roi.iTicAi/ ???IKKR. From the fall of Charleston And tho jiilMoquenl collapse of the Confederacy date? the strange political csreer of C. U. Bowen; ;? After hls're'.c&so from jail he d i-Mp neared for a short time, but be soon ram? to ihe surface In the new order of tilings '.irought about when "the Union catho ill." The Freedman's Bureau afforded him an opportunity to ingratiate hiiii5olf in the affections of the newly freed negroes, which ha was not B'OW to graip. - A few months after tho occupa tion ol Charleston and tho establishment of the pro vont couru iter?'he. oponed an oi?ieo on tba aouth sjtle of George street, peat west of tho American Hotel. Tho freedmen were io constant broils and trouble*/?nd-'Bowen fournira lucrativo practico in tba Provost court*, of which Major Corbin wa? nt one time tho judge advocate. He waa subsequently employ ed by the Freedman's Bureau to repre sent the freedmen in all cases which were tried before the court, and iu which it .invariably happc-ucd ihat their oid mas ters were either complainant -or defen dant. As the court travelled all through the county, and as Bowen always repre* Rented the negroes before the court, it is easy to understand the origin of the wonderful hold which he acquired upon . he n'Teclioua of the ignorant blacks. He was shrewd enough to perceive tho opportunity ; the negroes in the country regarded him as their savior, and he lost no occasion to atiengtben the influence which be has ever siuce exercised over the. blacks in the county, and which bound them to bis interests es with hooks of steel. In 18CG Bowen and Mackey, Hurley,' H. Judge Moore and Gilbert Pillsbury began the work of organizing the Republican party in thia State. They held a convention, the drat Repub lican Convention ever held in the State, in Daddy Cain's church on Calhoun street, but as the other sections of the State were not fully represented it was adjourned aiid another was held a few months later in Columbia. In the inter val, between these two conventions Bowen waa arrested at tho instance of the Bu reau, upon a charge of having sold some cotton belonging to freedmen ton one of tho islands and refusing to pay over the froceods. He was incarcerated in Castle inckney, but his tremendous political influence with tho blacks, although at that time just in its incipiency, stood him in good stead. A collection was taken up among them and sufficient money raised to defray the expenses of conduct ing his defence Some sort of compro mise was effected and the affair blew over, Bowen having been released after a brief imprisonment. In 1807 he defend ed the negroes who led the famous street car riots, and this gave him a hold lipon thc city negroes, to whom he had hereto fore been comparatively unknown. His first ana most prominent appear ance in political lifo, however, was as a delegate in the famous Constitutional Convention in 18G7. He took a promi nent part in its deliberations, and wac chairman of tho judiciary committee, After the adjournment of the Conven tion be vus nominated for the unexpired term for Congress, Jilin opponents being C. J. Stolbrand and Gilbert .Pillsbury There being but ono candidato in thc Hold, bo was of course elected, served hit term, ?ind was re-elected for the full term of 18G8-70. In 1870 occurred the splii in the Republican party of Charleroi County, by which the party ever after -wards was divided into the Bowen atii Muckcy l'action?. It was brought abou by Bowen him?:o' " who, as Congressman secured the rerr<n:Al of Dr. A. G. Mackey as collector of vite port. The Maok?] pnrty at once bolted, and commenced i bitter war against him in the ranks o their own party. They put up It. C. De Large, a mulatto, who will be remoro, bored ns bearing a prominent part in th early history of Republican governmen in this Stato, and, after a very bitter con test, DeLarge got the certificate of elec tiou and was seated. Bowen conteste bia Beat before Congress, however, nnd fot? dava before the expiration of th torin toe committee on (privileges an elections declared thst neither of ther had been elected, and, as was usual i thoso days, paid both. It was while tbi contest was going on that he ?narrie Mrs. S. Petigru King in Washingtoi and was soon afterwards indicted fe bigamy. There were two trials, both < which occur.-ed in 1871, in the Crimini Court of the District of Wnahingtoi He had been married previously I Frances Hicks, and it was alleged I Tabitha Parks, although ho denied tin he had ever married the latter. A letti was produced, written by Bowen, an offering the Parks woman one thousac dollars if she would consent to a divorc One of the trials at Washington resulU in a mistrial ; on the second he was coi vic ted, and was sentenced to fine ru imprisonment. : He remained in ja however, but a short time, when he w pardoned by President Grant. Immediately after his release bo r turned to Charleston and began to mal war upon Governor Scott, wno bad be? instrumental in" defeating him in tl Bowen-DoLarge contest. By his ord< J. J. Hardy, a colored member of t! Legislature, resigned and he was elect in his place. He. went to .Columbi procured an investigation (the Denni Hurley committee) and moved for i impeachment of Scott. The latter, ho ever, nt that time, had control of t tr? Afiury ; the investigators were boug or tr and the impeachment fell to t ground. After serving out Hardy's term in t Legislature ho returned to Charlestc and in 1872 was nominated for shei against E. VV. M. Mackey. The fir: waa a close one, the Bowen faction wi nhg by between 500 and GOO votes. T il ickey faction contested the electi before the board of State canvassers, I at that time John J. Patterson had ! eyes directed to the -United - States Si ato. Bowen saw the situation and ; once'made a bargain by whicl his de gatton to the Legislature were to vote Patterson for the United States Som and the board of State canvassers bel Patterson's friends, decided the cont :_ - _._ c._ mi_.l-l_.:_i. , ? if *.n/-t i o anim, Auq.uviognvivu ?v i Legislature faithfully carried out th share of the contract by voting for I tersou, and elected him to tho Uni States Sonate. In 1876 the organization of Straightout Democracy lim Wi ilia hi-a. in the Republican ranks in Charlas County. The Bowen ?? rid Mackey 1 lions, who had fought ??ch other so h and bitterly, coalesced ?nd Bowen : unanimously renominated for Sheriff i Mackey for Congress. Hampton elected: and with his election came upeedy downfall of Republicanism in Btuto. Bowen, however, was elec Sheriff and sowed in that capacity the day of his death, Had he survit il had been agreed that the party wc again unite on him for Sheriff in county election. He took a prominent part in the i nicipal elections, although ho only sei one term as an alderman. In tho mi cipal election of 1873, it will be rem herod that tho Bowen and Mackey lion?, 'after a bitter contest, united George I. Cunningham, and it wai that election that Bowen brought i tinc? hundred degrees from EdistoLil on tho very day of the election and v them alf over the city. He was ele alderman on tho Cunningham ticket, scrvee* . Cor two years. In thu municipal election of 187? again separated his forces fm m tho; Mackey and supported Geo. John Wagener for thc Mayorality, biit ww fcated. Although be wielded a tremen personal and political influence over negroes in Oharlttttnn County outskh city/this influence did not extend be) the cnnGnoa of tho county. He eomparatlvely? ino] influence in Mie \ In the rest or tho State, a fact whi shawn by tho proceedings of the: va Republican Stato Convention.*., after year the Bowen delegates to Sute Conventions have been refused ad? mitlance, although in most instances they went there supported by a large majority of tho colored voters of tho county. This persistent opposition led bim, iti ?6v2, to bolt the convention, and place an Independent State ticket in the field, headed - by Beabea Tomlinsou itt Gov ernor. Tue machinery of election, how ever, was in the lianda of the opposing faction, and Moses was declared elected. Of late years Bowen has not taken an active part iu tho canvass; in fact, since 1870, ho appears to have seen tho inevi table fate of tho'party, and has devoted himself solely to the task of keeping his followers together for the county elect iou of 1880. Having been left a widower by the death of Mr?. Petigru-King-Bowen tn 1877, about a year ago be married tho daughter of o?-Goyernor Moses, who accompanied bim in bis recent journey North, and who was probably with bim when be died. A BRAVE BOY RUSHES INTO A BLAZ ING ROOM AHD SAVES HIS BABY BROTHER.-Fire broke out at 8 o'clock this morning on tho top floor of the five story tenement house, No. 968 Third avenue. The floor is occupied by two tenants, Henry Seib and Jeremiah Mor rissey. The fire was in tho Morrissey family's apartments, but quickly seised upon the partitions and extended to tho unjoining room. The Scib family made their escape without difficulty ; the Mor risseys with more haste, but safely. But in the confusion of the first fright a baby was forgot."! ;^ng on the floor of Mrs. MorrisBoy's kitchen. The room waa ablaze with i re on all side?, and tongues of flames reached out many feet from the doorway, playing about the entrance, when Oswald Morrissey, the 12-year old brother of the imprisoned child, rushing back through the hallway sprang into tho flory gap and seizing the child car ried it out in his arms. Not unscathed though in his retreat; his clothing caught fire, and before the remedy of rolling him in a blanket proved effectual he was badly burned ou .tho back end limbs. The baby, from th? first uncon scious of any danger, was unhurt, and crowed gleefully over the bright fire with which the firemen now began tu battle and soon -came off victors. The youthful hero was taken to the Fifty-ninth Street Dispensary, and after his wounds had been dressed there he was sent home and made comfortable in another tenant's bed.-New York Mail, June 26. NIAGARA FALLS DRY.-"Tho Falls of Niagara wero dry for a whole day," Said the Rev. Dr. T. B. Fuller, cf Hamilton, Ontario, in a recent '.^cture. The accuracy of tho story was questioned, and now the clergyman publishes the sworn statements,of several persons that they saw the phenomenon. They any that it occurred on March 81, 1848, At 5 o'clock in the morning no little writer was dribbling over, thal a man and his daughter walked half way across from the Canadian shore, near the edge of the precipice. The girl stuck a polo into a crevice of the rock and loft a handker chief "jlng frvm the ?op. Not content with this feat, they went half a milo above the fall, and rode part way across the bed of tba river in a wagon. Cih; ~s did similar things. The jagged, rocks at tho bottom below the falls were exposed. This strange condition lasted until night fall, when the stream began rapidly to swell, and before morning was as large as usual. Dr. Fuller's theory is as fol lows : "The wind had been blowing down Lake Erie, which is only about. 80 feet deep, and rushing a great deal of water from it over the .'alls ; it then suddenly changed, and blew this little water (com paratively speaking) up to the western fiorcion of the lake; at this juncture the ce on Lake Erie, which had been broken up by these high wind;, got jammed in the river between Buffalo and the Cana da side and formed a dam which kept back tho waters cf Lako Erie." MADAGASCAR WIDOWS.-Upon tho death of any man of position or wealth, cn tho day of the funeral the wife is placed in the house, dressed in all her best clothes, and. covered with her silver ornaments, of which the Slhanaka wear a considerable quantity. There she remains nntll the rest of the family re turn homo from the tomb. But as Boon as they enter tho house they - begin to revile ber with moat abusive language, telling her that her,winiana-or her fate has been stronger than that of her hus band, and that she is virtually tho causo of bia death. Then they strip her of her .clothes, tearing off with violence the or naments from her ears and neck and arm?; they'give her a coarse cloth, a spoon with a broken handle, and a dish with the foot broken off, with .which to eat ; her hair. is dishevelled, and she is covered up with a coarse mat, and under that abo remains all day long, and can only leave it at night ; and sHe may not apeak to any one who gor-, into the house. She is not allowed to \Vnsh her face or hands, but only tho tipa of her fingers. She endures alt this sometime? fora year, or nt least for eight months ; and even When this was over ber time of mourning is not ended fora considerable'period ; for she is not allowed to go borne to her own, relations until abo bas been first di-j vr.rced bv her husband's family. - The independent Republicans in Garfield's own Congressional District declared in a set. of resolutions, passed in convention in 1876, "that .there- ls np niau tn./tatr o*B'_'!5.\!y C^D?SCted ???t?? the administration of our National Govern ment against whom are justly preferred moro and graver charges or corruption than are publicly tnndo and abundantly sn stain ed against Jfmes A. Garfield, the {?resent Representative of this Congresa onnt District and tho nomiuce of tho Republican Convention for re-election. That since ho fu?t tn ie red Congress to. this day there is scarcely an instance io. which rings and monopolies have been arrayed against the interests of the peo ple that ne bas boen found-active in speech or vote upon the aide of the lather, but in almost avery case he has been ?be ready champion of the rings and monopr olies." - There was' once another remarkable dog in San Antonio. It knew its masi ter's step and his habits, and would never bite him. His owner loved bim, and said he would not Ukg io?u for bim. One night bis owner caine homo perfectly Sober and three boure earlier than usual. The dog, not having been notified of this chango in tho programme, mistook bim for an intruder, and bit him in nineteen places. Next day the owner had tho dog executed by a policeman. All efforts to obtain a commute failed, and yet it Wak a clear case of mistaken identity, and thc das had an unpracticed mind.-OG! vettonNact. - Tho corpus enumerators in Utah were unable to determine whether they ought to classify the plural wive* of Mor mons as married or single, and in their dilemma they applied to Supcrlntuudent Walker for instructions. He directed that the womens' answers be accepted in all cases, and entered a? they erara them. II AK CO CE. Ills Ito cord as M Statesman. Ia tho -general shuffle of military cora? i?Bn?a which waa effected by President Johnson in November, 1867, General Hancock waa commissioned as Comman der of tho Fifth Military District and the Department of the Gulf, with headquar ters at New Orleans. The powers of, a military commander in tho South at that chaotic epoch of reconstruction were large and indefinite. It lr one of Gener al Hancock's principal titles to civic renown that fae took a statesmanlike view of his poweis and responsibilities. His reputation was that of a somewhat stern disciplinarian, but at New Orleans he showed himself superior to the pas sion for discipline. The wisdom and Solicy of the legi?,ation under which the outh was parcelled out under the rule of several irresponsible military dictators will cot now be seriously maintained, but at that time the passions of the Northern States were too violently ex cited by the contest between .President Johnson and Congress to admit of impar tial reasoning upon the proper line of demarcation between military and ci vio powers. The constitutions of ten South ern States had been nullified by Congress and personal liberty was everywhere in jeopardy. Under these circumstances the advent of General ; Hancock at New Orleans wan marked by the promulgation of .a document which rang through the South like a new Declaration.of Independence and was greeted with delirious 'enthusi asm as the dawn of a happier day. On takln? command at New Orleans Han cock issued Iiis famous' "General Orders No. 40," the text of which is as follows : "HEADQUAJ*TF,R8 OTU MILITARY DIST., "NEW ORLEANS, La., Nov. 29,1867. "I. In accordance with General Orders No. 81, Headquarters of the Army, Ad jutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., August 27,18G7,-Major General W.8. Hancock hereby assumes command of tho Fifth Military district and of the department composed of tho Staten of Louisiana and Texas. "II. The General commanding is grat ified to learn that peace and quiet reign in this department. It will be his pur pose to preserve this condition of things. As a means to this great end he regards the maintenance of tho civil authorities in the faithful ' .?cution of the laws as the most efficient under existing circum stances. "In war it is indispensable to repel force by force and overthrow and destroy oppo sition to lawful authority. But when in surrectionary force has been overthrown and pesco established, and tho civil authorities are ready and willing to per form their duties, tho military power should cease to lead, and the- civil ad ministration resume its natural and rightful dominiou. . Solemnly .impressed! with theso views, tho Genoral announces that the great principles of American liberty still are tho lawful inheritance of this people, and ever ohould be. The right of trial by jury, thc habeas cor pus, the liberty of tho press, the freedom of speech and the natural rights of per sona and the rights of property must be preserved. "Freo institutions, while they are es sential to the prosperity ? and happiness of the people, always furniab tho strong est inducements to. peace - and order. Crimes and offences enmmitted in tbis district must ho referred to the consider ation and judgment of the regular civil tribunals, and those tri???dis, will bo ? supported in their lawful jurisdiction. "Should there be violations of existing j laws which arenc? inquired into by the^ civil magistrates, or should failures in tho administration of justice by the courts bo complained of, the cases will be reported to the?e headquarters, when ss'"'* or?srs will ba r.u;do as may be dec ...ed necessary. "While the General thus indicates his purpose to respect the liberties of the people he'wishes al! to understand that armed insurrections or forcible resistance to the law will bo instantly suppressed by arms. "By command of Major General W. S. Hancock, "W.O. MITCHELL. "Brevet Lieutenant Colonel, Acting As sistant Adjutant Goneral. Ou March 9, 1868, General Hancock supplemented this order by bis long, ?ble and justly celebrated letter to Gov ernor Pease, of Texas, from which the following extracts will new be read with revived interest:-"It is rather more than hin ted in yonr letter that there is no local State government in Texas and no local laws outside of the acts of Con ?tcs3 which 1 ought to respect, and that should undertake to protect tho rights of persons and property la my own way ana in an arbitrary manner. If suer be your meaning I am compelled to attfer with you. After tho abolition of slavery (an event which I hope no one .now regrets) the law* cf-Louisiana and Tusas existing prior tn the rebellion, not . ia conflict with the acts of Congress, com prised a vast Dybtem of jurisprudence, both civil and criminal. It "required -not voiamoB only, but librarlos to con tain them. They laid down principles and precedents for ascertaining tho rights and > adjusting tho controversies of men inj every CvScoiTsbls esse. They noi? ?uo creations of great and good and learned men, who had labored in their day for their kind and gone down to the gravo long before our recent troubles, leaving their works an inestimable legacy to tho haman race. These laws, as I am in formed, connected tho civilizations of past and present ages, and testified of tho justice, wisdom, humanity And pa triotism of more than ono nation, through whose records they descended to the present people of th?*o States. . I am satisfied, from representations of persons competent to judgo, they are as perfect a system of laws es may be found elsewhere, and bettor united than any other to the condition of thispeople, for by. them they have long been govern ed. Why shonld it be supposed Con gress bas abolished these laws? Why should any one wish to. abolish them? They have committed no treason; nor are hostile to the United States; nor countenance crime; nor favor injustice. On them, as on a foundation of rock, re poses almost tho entire saper&tructlon of social order in these two States. Annul ! this wu? of ??v?? lawn and < there would be nd longer any rights, either of person or property, here. Abolish the local tribunals made to execute them, and yon would virtually annul the laws, except in reference to the very few cases cog nizable in tho federal courts. Let us. for u moment, suppose tho.local civil code annulled ; ' and that I am loft, as Commander of tho Fifth Military Dis trict, thc sole fountain of law and jus tice. This is the position in which you would place me*' ' ? "X, ADI now to protect nil rights and redress all wrongs? How is it possible for me to do it? Innumerable ques tion? arise, of which .1 am not only igno rant, but lo the solution of which a mili tary court io entirely unfitted. One would establish n will, another a deed; or the aueatlon is ono of pnecciwion, or partnership, or descent, or trust; a suit of ci?ct?uwu? or claim to chattels, or tho application may relate to robbery, theft, anon or murder. How am I to take the first step in any such matter t If I turn to the acta of Oongreos 1 find nothing on the subject. I dare uol open tho au thors on tho local code, for h bas ceased to exist. "And you tel) rae that In this perplex* iog condition l am to. furnish by dint of ray own hasty and crude judgment, the leg isfatloo demanded by tbs vast and mani fold intercets of the people 1 I repeat, sir, that you, and not Congress, aro responsible for toe monstrous 'suggestion that thu?? are no local laws or institutions herb to be respected by me, outside the acta of Congress. I say unhesitatingly, if it were posa i bio that Congress should pass an act abolishing tho local codes for Louisi ana and Texas-which I do ' riot believe -and it should fall to my lot to supply their places with something of ray own, I do not eeo how I could do better than to follow the laws in force here prior to the rebellion, excepting whatevor therein eball relate to slavery. Power may destroy the forms, but not the principles of justice; these will live in spite evett of the sword. History tells us that the Roman pandects were lost fur a long period among tho rubbish that .wai1 mid revolution had heaped orion them, but at length were dug out of tho ruina again to be regarded as priceless treas ure." These two great papers may be said to form the plaUorm' cf General Hancock. As such they weiro accepted by the democracy of 1868, and their author^ was prominent among tho candidates for tho Presidential nomination at tho Conven tion of that year. Of course it was not to bo expected that he should long retain command at Now Orleans, and ho himself ?.^nlicd to be relieved February 27, 1868, his course having brought him into conflict with'Coogrcss and with the General of the Army. His request was granted March 16, 1868, and ho was shortly afterward sent into exilo as commander of the military division of Dakota, whero he remained three years -1869-72. In 1872 he was appointed commander of the military division of the Atlantic, with headquarters' in Now York city, where he hos since resided. This appointment, m ad o upon tho death of General Meade, was creditable to President Grant, sinco, unfortunate!?, ho was not on speaking terms wlui General Hancock. The democratic nomination for Governor of Pennsylva nia was .tendered him in 1869, but declined. He was - again .a prominent candidate for'tho Presidential nomina-, tion at Baltimore in 1872. General' Hancock was married !in St. Louis in 1856 to Miss'Elmira Russell. Ho has; bad two children: Ono. of them, Mies Ada Elizabeth Hancock, a young lady of great promise, died in New York at the age of eighteen years. Tho only sur viving child. Roc-ell Hancock, is now o planter in Mississippi. In person General Hancock has justly won the aobriquot of "the Superb." He in tho beau ideal of the gallant soldier, tall, shapely, blonde, with clear blue eyes full of meaning and decision. He is a. knight sana peur cl tan? reproche. gentle tc his associates, ; kindly aaa genial to subordinates, yet possessed of an innate dignity with which few would care to trine. His discipline is plain; and direct, bis loyalty to superiors un questioning and' unflinching, bia de votion to law and justice ingrained upon, his inmost eelf. The democracy is to be congratulated upon having made choice cf a etsndsrd bearer whom men of all partir* delight tc praise, and in whose hands tho reins of government may eecurely bo trusted. Hancock and the Republicans. The following letter was handed to the New York World by Mr. Leonard WV Jerome, of New York City, with a request for its publication ; "Major-GeneraJ J?aneoc*-r-MY DEAR GEKEBAL : I take tho earliest opportuni ty to congratulate you upon your nomi nation and to assure you, life-long Whig and Republican that I am, of my most hearty surf oort. I belong to 9 rory nu merous and \sry staunch old suver-gray Republican family. With one solitary exception, there never was.one of them known to vote tho Democratic ticket, but i I venture to say they will to a man vote for you, They cannot consistently do otherwise. "You, sir, ?mbody the views and sen- j tiirtenta iu regard to the great questions; of the dav that we have entertained since the war closed. They t e the saree that actuated General Grant when he laid down those liberal terms of' eurrender to. General Lee. They are the same that actuated.my poor friend Raymond, when he battled so manfully in the committee of Congress against the -?vage. policy of Thad Stevens. I believe General Grant would support you to-day, did n?tthe ex igencies of his situation forbid it. And xxtarj J. Raymond, were he alive, would bnppbrt you too? unless the oxig?neles of tho New York Times restrained him. He was compelled at an early day to smother the sentiments he bsd expressed in the address of tho Philadelphia Convention, to abandon his career in legislative balls and to change the tone of th& Time* or. as Mr. Jones, our business manager and partner, instated, the paper wouid bo ruined. (I believe I offered to pay the damages at the time, but that- was con sidered impracticable.) It was a bitter gill, hut it bad to ba swallowed. Thad levens had succeeded through Congress S*hlch initrnnrwi?nl?d tho countrv in en grafting his J)olioy upon tho Republican party. And though disgusted, it was fastened upon them and there wai uo way of getting rid of it. Thus for years a vast number of us, good Republicans, have been compelled to bs helpless sup porters of a policy we believe to be the very worst that could be devised. An op portunity is presented us now for.tbe first timo with, any show of success to vote in accordance with our cr:- /lotions, and ? ?m mir? wa shall do it. most joyfully. With great respect' and ? ,tcem, believe me yours faithfully, LEOXAV." W. JnnoME. - Col. John Fora??, nf tho Philadel phia Progrcw, who bas stuck to tho Re publican party since 1860, declares that the organization has -become so corrupt, rlog-ndden' and'"kold by gangs bf men. calling themselves Republicans, who not only defy alt law to fill their pockets and empty the public coffers, but laugh at th? opinions and triumph over tho interests or the people, any change will be an im provement. Thia sentiment is getting to Va universal, and the complications lu national politics only odd to the new responsibilities of the vot/r in local affairs." Ga? field, the bribe .?ker, aud Arthur, the ring-master, we tako it, can not be very dear to Forney's heart. He gives signs t?r rebellion. Ko HovaiVTA?, NEEnw^r-No palatial hospital needed for Hop Biters patient*, nor large salaried talented puffers ta tell what Hop Bitters will do or cure, as they tell their own story by their certain ?nd absolute quires at hom e.-Nao Yori In' d?pendent. THU MOUNTAIN DISTILLEES. Wlicr? Two Young Men wer? ?tot DOWD Liut Week-fora* F Act? About thc Illicit . DUUUers of G?oi?J?. A dispatch waa published last week by tb? daily papen mentioning tho receipt of a telegram from tho revenue collector at Atlanta by the treasury department in Washington, representing, that, while raiding illicit stills in Campbell County, Ga., his posse was fired upon bv moon: shiners. An Associated Press dispatch said, however, that a party of young men were passing in the road, aud the revenue posse fired upon them, mortally wound? mg lff->. They w?re not moonshiners, and wore unarmed. In this connection the following letter from Blairs vii le. Ga., to the Atlanta Ooxttitution, will bo of Intorest : Union County has 'osen the principal source of complaint So tho recent revenue trouble?. Here the operations of armed Cosaos have beep most active, and here ave been found the moat conclusive ev idences that the policy pursued by rove cue officials is wrong.in principle and hard in practice. These facts were amply attested by the proceedings in tho com missioner's court last week. AhalfdoEon citizens had boen brought hore for a user leas trial, on warrants sworn out by on? J. J.: Ohesser. Chcsser served his terra in the Penitential? for larceny, and then moved to Union County, where he joined the church; He was soon expelled fot lying and gambling, and fled the county to escape arrest ihr forgery.' It Beera* that he gratified many personal spite? before ho loft by suing out warrante in disc ri m?nate ly ngalust the citizens of thc county. In r,uch case he would fur nial the names of nearest neighbors as. wit nesses. It happened that these warranta -and twenty were sworn outonChesser'i oath--wore nearly every ono for persom in Coefatoo district of this county, when some of the revenue alarmists sav ne man's life is safe. Raid after raid* hat gono through this district, but mont oj the accused were still at large. Aile the appointment of a commissioner foi this county, Cn]. Fitzsimons sent hil deputies to arrest these men. Not thi slightest difficulty, was experienced ii doing so, and whnt armed raids coule never havo done was thus peacefully nc com pl ?died in a few. dava.. Tho dbtrlc had been so aggravated by .these raid? and had suffered BO many hardships tba these men would havo iain in mountaii caves all tho year before they would hav ?;ivcn tip to a body of officials equipped ike cavalry ready for an engagement They readily came in, however, whei assured that they could have a heaving und have an opportunity of giving bom at homo. Several of these j coses wer disposed of to-day. As usual with Chet ser's warrants, no evidence was found t sustain ihem ; thc witnesses all testifle that they did not know how their name came to be given in the canes, and al sworo that they would not balievo Chesse on hie oath. If there had been no con missioner hero theso men would hav been dragged away to Atlanta, take -.way from their crops when they, moi need attention, and 'suffered a sevei hardship, absolutely for nothing. The armed posse plan hoe been a fan and a fraud, if nothing worse In or week nearly all rt tho forty warranta ft men in tho county havo peen dispose of in tho most peaceable manner. Me have voluntarily given themselves np I the dozen, and though some of the mo noted moonshiners ia tho State havo bet arrested, there has not been a show i resistance to the single deputies of tl marshal who have performed their du without the posse. In the mean time tl beeres of mounted armed mon employ^ in the service of this and ndjoir~< counties have been moving around, have really done nothing. The exp?n to tho government hos been about $2< t day. After ono has taken a tour of tl counties north of tho Blue Bidge, ai carefully observed all that such a tr brings to his notice, it is bard for him believe that ho has been through A r?gi which has been declared in official repa: to be in a state of armed resistance to t authority of the United States. Evei where farmers are planting their roc fields; everywhere peoplo are hospital end kind. The only arms on? seesf tho carbines of revenue posses, and t search for any show of resistance to r thority results In a dead failure. Illicit distilling has been a curse these counties, lt has caused the arr of hundreds of citizens. The guilty be been punished, but they have In vol v the innocent in the consequences of tb randing. Tho farmers there live Btnnii plantations, which are, litera locked in on nil sides. Communicat! with the outside world is almost imp?t ble. Thoy raise a few hogs, a little wm and make the bulk of their crop in co There is no market near them, and wi the year's accounts are cast up they f themselves with enough roca*, and Dr? to Uve on, but without a cent of mon If they U?T? made a surplus of uxm? grain, there is no mnrket for it arot them, and if they h?ul it sixty or eig miles over the mountain roads to railroad, it will be a losing busin They can easily mako a hundred busl pf the finest Dish potatoes in tho wc ion tho rich ? mountain soil, but tber no way of getting them out. It was j tun state of linage which engende tbe Unfortunate practice of illicit dis) lng. There is among most of these pee that spirit of mountain independe which believes that a man bas a rlgh do pretty much what be pleases. T have always heartily di-Hkcd the imposing a revenue of ninety peni gailon on whiskey, agreeing with Stephens that a farmer should havo same right to boll his corn into "ev mash" as to boil *t into hominy. ; ! tillado.'! opened tho way for suppl] their1 ' own wants, and abo for mailt little eparo change. It became corni in the years first succeeding the < when there was a demoralization in administration of the law. Thenn of the offenders could honestly p ignorance, and the first attempt to press moonsbining in Georgia cai many a man who Honestly believed he had a right to make ,7a little Ucl Tb ere is so denial of the fact Ibftl revenue, laws are unpopular- For reason they should have been care enforced from the start. It has see however, to be the policy of most oi officers directing the enforcement of ' laws to terrify the people Into obedii This is the secret of all the trouble. 1 a policy has led to grose outrages : person and property, to a diareg?i tho authority of the State to prole citizens, to tho frequent employ me desperate and unworthy mon aa dopi and to tho consequent feeling anion people that what waa called law. w reality impression. Besides this, it t that Georgia hos had an undue ?hi accusation. Tho asioont of illicit key made in this State Is very mod ?h*n ls generally supposed. Tho wb frauds of St. Louis and other cities the sins cf Gcorrjs - ^cr^hincrs sin! insignificance. Thews wholesale vie have frequently escaped punish mei together, or if brought to a diluted Ju liayo ?RHiir?xl ft under Jeld glovo mont, while the backwoodsman has been hauled out of his little mountain hollow, whore he may haye m ado ten or fifty galloh? of whiskey, and be ia held up aa an example of tho terrible power1 of tho law. It i& useless, however, to coaopla?n of past injustice. Is there any hopo Unat these troubles in Georgia will be termi nated soon? Those best acquainted with the subject declare that there ls, Publi? opinion in tho mountains in actticg , more . firmly than ever Against all forms of lawlessness^ Tte y? opie aro condemning illicit distill? ing, and it will oot bb long before ft mhn suspected of it will be regarded os tba enemy of a community which hos Buf fered.so much by^auch sins as he is com in'.ting. This country has boen blessed ia buryl respects. Its magnificent scenery;! its fertile valleys, io which vegetation gnwff with almost tropical luxuriance; lits cli mate, blessed with i the ever fresh breath1 of mountain bredes nud beyond tho reach bf all epidemics, ?ii combine to make its future bright with nremb*. Itu mineral wealth can only be guessed by the resulte of Blight development. Those joatify tho opinion that ibero 4 is not on this conti nent a region richer io deposite ol' gold, copper, and a i doten other prodor? se crete of tho .c'L. Tho people, aa arelo, are kind, cad .AiuielUgent sa tba mosses of ?ny populatiop I have evir. notfc&d. There seems to be in their deaUagafreott of primitivo virtue which hos long since fica from more populous regions of the State. They leave thqir doora .open.at night, and sleep without the slightest fear of theft. They are liberal in their donations to all good causes amot?g them, and In the car? Tor *bo unfortuna^Mmd the ministry of : overy. form of charity they are singularly, warm-hearted and tender. ,/ . ?__ Tho Loss of the Scawanhaka. All of the New York papers como filled with accounts of the burning,of the 8toamer Scawanhaia on Monday night. Only ten . bodies have peen recovered, but nome forty persons arc missing, and supposed to be either drowned cr burned. Thu ?ft??.soya: The Scatcankaia steamed out from uer pier, 24 East Ri vor,.at 4 o'clock yester day afternoon. On her dcckswereinhny EniK?ngors hound for. Sc? Ci ? ?T, S??uo bint, Glen Cove, Roslyn, and-othci points on Loop Island. She touch ed,.a'S the foot of East Thirty-third street whore she received ether passengers, She is licensed to carry. 1,800 passengers but it is not thought that when rho;lofl tho foot of Thirty-third street, ?ho lind oi? board more than three hundred. Among thom wero cunny ralbante: nnd.othci business'men, go'/-? tb their ?ummci rasideneec on Loug Islari&Y . Many ol these persons bad their families witt them. A glance at the passongen showed that thoy wero, for the nns? parts, well to-do city or country people Auiong them were several gcntlcmcr prominent in business circles ur \u theil professions. Tho weather, was so warm that a large ?umber sought the forward part of tm boat to eaten the breeze. That they dh so proved to be a very, fortunate circu?a stance. The boat ran pleasantly up, poe Black well's Island. Just os Bbq pats?? Halletts Point there waa a notlGcatioi of dango? that ia variously described b; tho passengers. Some say there was ai explosion which they felt and heard. Othera ec-jr that there was a strang lifting of tho deck os if by a gentl firessure, followed by a hissing noise a f steam were escaping. All agree, how ever, that a few moments aft?rwar flames wore seen in tho neighborhood r. lbs eugine room. There flames aros like magic, and quickly formed a impassable barrier between tho fore an after parts of the boat. Whatever me have been the cause of the explosion, : there was one, it; is .certain that tb boilers remained intact. for. the whee] kept moving. Tho Captain Charlea ] Smith, decided at once that it Would t Useless to try to fight the flames. B did not even quit tho pilot: house to mai an inspection of the danger. Apparent!; ho replied on the report of his cnglcec Lesa than haifa mile ahead of him wi a low-lying marshy island, calle SUnkeo meadows. Captain Smith b lieved be could roly ou his uuattende boilers and engines to push bim forwej upon this island. He kept the bo headed to the nearesipoint of the maru the 4ames nearly nuder him. He heai t? ?hrieks of his passengers, bul to. jb mind there, was, but ont. duty. H ?'ilot was not oa board, arid he ccu eave the wheel to no one else. It was critical TOM ?lib the progress of the fit and the fire waa gaining. The advance thoboatdrove hcwVflam*- audsmokoa This forced most of tho?j in theaft?rps of tho boat to leap into'theVatbr. Son of these swam to Ward's Island, whl< ia searly oppoa??T, b?u ? ?????? ?O? Hallett'a Point. Thbbo who were in tl fore patt of the boat were able to reaai longer, and most of these, did pot leap ic the water nntit tho prow of tho barbi vessel was driven, forty feat up on. Sunken Meadows. Then Capta Smith, terribly burned, hurried fros? t Hot boneo, and ossie ted won?cn a children down to the laud? and aid others who bad leaped into-th* water reach ino chore. Many vera seen drown. How many were lost cannot closely estimated.' It could not' ht been lots than twenty, and it was prc ably not more than seventy-five. - Capt.Smith says: "I can rcmeml onlv^thatjwo were opposite tho jsntrai w> jmvvi? jicii vr?i? vii ?uv?s t.irv, vrti Ic heard a dull, heavy explosion, ? felt a streng jar under me. , I was lo i pilot house at the wheel with on est tant? Almost as soon fts I felt the , fire ' burst through the hurricane di and spread like a train of gunpowi backward and forward. The f?uoeng began toroa wildly to and fro ou i lower decks, abd I shouted to them lo qnict, aud all would 'yet be well. 3 the fi?mes spread and the pissen* became more excited. Wo were et? pol ut of tho Sunken Meadows, ne? opposite Randall's 1 'Island. I mi have--turned ? the Seovkmhaia't h toward the shore of the Island, bul ?felt that tho only place . where I ce possibly bea*!' the Bcatbankcka v surety was tho meadows. I turned &ai?mA<iia'd heftdfittaightns a die the meadows. I held on to tho wh and Lypfc calling io the passengers be to get fcrwnrd; if possible, and stiel the boat. But, though I wa? direct my whole attention to the. rc cadi looking out for tho lowest and "rn?rsB spot, I could aeo that a?me of the ; ssngers in .their fright took to water. Seeing tMa, I redoubled n?y i to all below tc ?cop bs?much for war potable, because the draught made bj boat's motion Bwcpt tho flames bacKw f.ndnot tb j?mn orerbcrad. The tfta&aXa: obeyed her helm to a chi and swept onward toward the mead T. picked out tHOr spot where I saw teach lying fewest abd boro down t lt.- The i&QUxaiAafa grated u.ron thick.undergrowth, and almout le: opea the beach. Skb roso out of water ?ntll ber nsddl? ?hi*i* i .. high und dry;; Then the passengers on tho bow leaped down into tho yielding marah, and clambered up to dry laud. Thoao at tho ^ store Jav?pA overboard ? ?au tsrmra tu toe bear.*" 3 picked up. by thc cornil bctu ibM o?me from tho New York shurc ?>r .?:...-:.:.; ..H's Toland. I do not recollect cle?r?yr ho* I got ashoro, but I noon found myself in the kindly hands of tho doctora from Kan-" dall's island." A fireman on the boat ofiora thp only. explana! Ion taut bas been advanced of tbe caufco of ?^To dl??t?t. Ho aayn: Wi if loft Ward's l?lfcr? Ja ?he. even \\mjS)^Seaioanhaka had hu theater's' edge, You could ?tend up ty *?ow boat and took right down into her; Nothing Is loft bot he? keelson and a few bottom timbers, braces, Ac. Her smokestack and engines are. still standing. I Can In no way account for tbe Uro except by gue? work. Tho engineer rind 'firemen v/cro always very {?articular VJ ?e? thcGoo InfiammHoleslUft* ay about. Erigin/fr and ' bobers wera considered in excellent condition. The only.way \ account for it; is the possi bility that a flue blow- ?ut, opening- the furnace doer, .and atMteriog 'he fire a considerable ^distance. around. The slight noise ? naced nifty hate beena ?wbumtigi' ? m< teH*bi lhQ belier did not brfrst; < I think two4hL?da of tho ' passengers moat, have jumped . over Mt fore ?bo beached*'', ATI f?? o7 l^rtgwpn?, - A good ?ide-show-wa pretty check. - Where to go when short of money "^'j^?^cock ig ? c?tnmuuic.inl ' in tho Episcopal Church.-' - Diligence io a1 fair fortune; and in dustry a good estate.::.; - The world owes on all n living, but she Is justas ?uird io collect from as any. "other debtor. - Cen. Hancock Is a twlp. His twin brother, Hilary Hancock, is a lawyer at Mlnner^.olls, Si Inn. ' - Prairie ,Wolf, an Indian chief, l?os just died at tho ?go of 119, from the ?-s cewivo uso of tobacco. - The biggest; 'epougo over seen in New; York baa recently arrived. It is oight feet in diameter. - 8enator Wade H?nVpton has aci;. ? . sd sn invitation io deliver an address at a fair in Lexington, Ky., next autumn. ' ~ Ex-Senator James A. Bayard, Sen ator Bayard's lately deceased rather, advocated Hancock's nomination |n .1868. - Conoyc? thinlift ho cao "pall Gar field; tbrough"jin.Florida, but who will pul!^ Conover through T-JBdiloni. Herald ? -^ A'Small cherry-Wood cabinet,-'made by President. Lin^aln, fifty ven rn ago, npd used, by him as a uetdc, U owned by a gentleman in Indiana. "What kind cf a conscience have you," asked a chaplain) of a convict in a State prison'.' ."It is &s gooden new for I have never user*, it," was the reply. Ht. tri Colonel Fred Grant Is represented ?by^tho Beeton Globe as murmuring mournfully, "Fathor^f gono up and I'm liable to be ordered where there's dan cer " ~r>-<\- A Petersburg, Virginia, tobacconist has received a contract to furnish tho United States army with throe hundred thousand poonda of tobacco at fifty-two cents a pound. ?ii-, '?Mr. Smith; father wanta to barrow yowr paper/ Ko otiiy wants, to read HtV' Well, gb back and tell your father ?losend me bia supper. ' Tell bim I mi ly ?want to est I t?" - Tho man who is otsricis to see how tho world could get along without bim can find out by sticking a cambric needle into r. mill-pond and then withdrawing it ?and looking nt tho hole. ~ They charge fifteen cen? "for a drink of buttermilk nt Key Weat, bat o? ?s?rt of o?set they fling tho customer . f?jr dozen oranges -and tell him to send .' ?ardray after lils banana?. - Small boy rushing Io front of young lady wearing rather large poke-bonnet* and staring ber full inihe facer. "You've lost cour bet, Charlie; I told ycr it ?jr^n't-nn o?d woman." Tho lUtle boys of Ohio oro to bo ?wnbatulated. Their chances for be coming Presiente of the United States ard'doable those of little boys from other States,. Every Ohio colt feels himself a future darb honso. ' V - A Hula boy cf four yean? waa sleep ing with his brother, when Sis mother ?l?M t <?v7ay, Tommy, you aro lying right in .?.ho middle of the bed. WJeat will Harry dui" "Weil, Wa," bs rep?ied, ?^Barry'a got both Bides." - "Son," said Gen. Grant, "thou wag test thy tongEC overmuch, and follow not in tts footsteps of thy-father, th? , silent man. Speech ia silve?,buk alienee is goldan( and every time you opened your jaws, you Idiot, yon discounted on your poor pa's chancee.** " ' \ --"Do, do ke?p/?wey from that win dow,*" eald be, "But I'm not afraid of the , lightning," replied abe. "Ah I dear," continued tba yduib, frantically, "iUtfo do yon realize bowjstiraclivei ycu ?am" ' And, having mada this appeal, he waa ablo to conduct 'er away. iTv/oi children were engaged in a ?djapnta a? to the relative merits of *boir ?V-pwlivs fstiscrs. J* *u ?Iijr sn^j e? - seid, in a lona, pf trh.lL pb s "Well, my ?Bilba ie tho bravea t, any way, h^^fifftcdiu the war." "Hub, that's nothinV" mat ine disdainful rejoinder: "my /papa 'listed three tiroea In one year, and got ? ?bounty every, time." - A. man pho.firmly beliavo* ilj^? se cond flood will come next November, to cover the whole face of ibo earth, is building an ark at Helena, T<?xoa. Tba craft will hold fifty persons, with fcod for forty nights, and he will lake) ?ptfttettgers at $600 t*cb. Every eihi-r veasel,he explains, wili bo wrecked. -i The managers of the Chicago hotel* havo, boen giving tho figures showing their receipts during tho week of tho National Convention, The Palmer House Hok in $105,000? tho Grand Pa cific* about $100,000, tho Tremont $30,000, ?tho Sherman $27,000. The total sum lift ? in tho city by stranger? during conven tion w?**t ia though* io hsvo excetded $400 000. -'Tho D?mocrate et Washington have begun to collate In pamphlet form tba recoyd of Mr. Ganfield iu tonnscticn w'th the Credit Mobilier and <>\hcf v' The patophlfi*. will ec-fitaio extracte fictn editorial articles pabMshed in the leading Republican newspaper* about tbe time the Credit Mobilier and District Rlnft scandals came to fight, and way ri illustrated by contcxspcrstfeotts cartoons hom Harpe?? Weekly and otter pc eels. cresas me sopp?y oj wa^ri? *j bovh??d, Fromobsfi ufA Naticv ihftv have'?odd ^icy crcTcnt rapid ovaporatloii! twnmi^aad ?? thu?V*votal