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"lTH? OB' SUBSCRIPTION.-Oas DOLLAR ?nd Firrr CKST? por annum, In ?dranco. Two poi AM *' ? ??"f 8KT*HTT-FIVK C?T? %ita^r?i?''nr'?re not! take* for a Jest period ih%yTSiaoVbdOVBRrrsrNO.--Oi,m Dollar per ?ili?'0 ol on? Inch for the flr?t insertion,and Fifty Ce-ita per aquare forenbte??entluacrtiou?le*Bthau three month?. Ko advertisements counte lea? LH?"(eral contracta w ll I be made with those withing to ?dfrtlao/oT three, ?ix or twelve waa the. Ad reriUliiK br contract tno?t be confined to the lin "..,]i?tebii?lnca? of the firm ?i Individual contrae ''obituary Notice? esceedlnar fire linea, Tribales of Keitect. and all peraoaai communlcationa or matters' of iudirtdunf interest, will bo charged for ai adrertislnc ratea. Announcements of luarrlages ; and deatLi, and notice? of a retulottl character, are rpapeetfullv aollclted, and will bo Inaerttd gratia THE PLANTERS OF LIBERIA* KAC'H GENKBATION NEAIUSIt TO M?IV FELT CIVILIZATION. CurftfjMiutence Nena and Courier. MONROVIA, LIBERIA, Juno I7. When I closed my lout I was on my way np the Ht. Paul's River, having left Clay-Ashland, and started for further ex ploration. Five miles above Clay-Ashland we stopped at tho plantation of Jesse Sharp, a native of Columbia, 8. C., who loft there OB a freeman, a number of years be fore the war. when a young man. He is light colored, and has a fine sugar plan tation, which pleased mo more than any thing of the sort I saw on the river, giv ing evidence as it did of thrift and care. He showed as. with much pride over his cane fields'/of which'he has soma lf?0 acres, which looked unusually clean and ; free f'om weeds and grass. . Their owner ?cc tr. ed delighted to meet some one from non th Carolina, and lie and Thad a long | tali:, comparing notes' about Columbia i and Columbia people. Most of bis | knowledge, it is nf 'dless to say, was toe deep for me, being too far back for tn, ken. H0 conld and did, however, in quire regarding the children ana de scendants of those whom he had koowa, lie (teemed to have a great admiration ! for Governor Hampton, whom he says j ho remembers perfectly as 8 yoong man. He related with great glee several REMINISCENCES OF HIS EXCELLENCY, amoug others, ono of his administering a I sorcre castigation to a champion who] was "on- h>~ muscle" and insulted him. The incideu' ho remembrance of which i coined to give- him the greatest delight j though, was the Governor's purchasing a ! horse which ita owner was riding over j everybody on; and "bragging" about, and giving it to his servant to ride to market on. He laughed most heartily over this last anecdote, and remarked that he would never forget to his dying day how "cat an" the former owner of tho horse had lookedi - When shown a photograph of tho Governor, he evinced so much pleasuro that . ?ave it to him. He bas accumulated s comfortable fortuno at sugar planti r, and is preparing to retire from businct having a handsome bouse in process of * action at Monrovia. His VIEWS OF AMERICAN POLITICS ditTer materially from those of the gen eral ruo of Liberians, his idea being that the negro can most safely trust ? ?s ia terests ia the hands of his former master. The average Liberian derives his im pressions of America a Ufo' and politics1 from the National Republican and the Toledo Blade, SB the Actra and Courier is only taken for its superior information regarding the emigration scheine. I know too mich about newspapers to think pf , saying anything against one, jiist as th?;gUumakor is; always the mo3t careful in handling firearms. It can hardly bo denied, however, that the Re publican aud the Blade are a "1 cet lc" in clined to_ Republicanism in their political proclivities, and their utterances do much towards shaping sentiments here In that direction. The Liberiaas seem to VYO s gene: JL idea tba! aobu-dy in the South calla a negro, anything but a "d-d nig ger," or at best "them niggers;" that the colored,' cltiWn- habitually resides ia cnVeaJdedB and .other fastnesses, that he is habitually hunted at the point of the revolver just for fun, and that he has no rights whatever before the law or any where else. l?? talking with one of the mxtt intelligent cUikehs and discussiiie the causes of the decrease of the colored population of the United States, he said, perfectly seriously and earnestly : "Well, tl on, I suppose some ten thousand are killed every year." (Notes of admira tion I i at the reader's expense.) An other seemed somewhat astonished and incredulous when I told him that I did not belong.jtOj , . J arHB KTJ-KLUX and had never'.done a colored brother to death, he apparently believing that every male citizen south of Masan and Dixon s line waa a memb?r of 'thnt'Oiganizatiob, and only acquired .a standing in the com When those an other family gazed on mo with apparent ly the Bnmo feelings as those with which they would coatemplnto a caged cannibal ia a circus. I fear that the Azores pas sengers, having such sympathetic listen ers, will tell some terrible "yarns." . AU this is tho moro Hurprhirig from the fact that most of the more wealthy citizens have travelled. That b one feature sjf Liberiao life vrortby -of'c?nll?endatlo?. As soon as they acquire means, they seem general!" to go out to enlarge their ideas by travel and observation. Many o? those whom I met bsd beea to, ana. flronerallv through, England and Amer ica,- and*. flC;*?r*.! over tho Continent of Europa. It is hard to imagine bow suv one could go to Europe,. and . be con tented to come back ana live in Liberia. It is said, however, that "tho Laplander loves his home,'' (for that reason I 'have always regarded the Laplander as an ass.) None of ^?'jrduhger men a?e)h ev?Yjo have gobo, )dqwp . Soatn roach,-; rthjisis natural, as they have no tics there to in duce them to bravo the dangers which they believe, beseftho path of every col ored nu , ho gets.,your side of Balti more. Besides? tnfo/tliey have asocial recognition and associations, in England and in places on the Contaient and in the United States, which they certainly could not expect in the South. One or two who have been tbore expressed thern IMWy disgasted and disappoint ed by tho general poverty and ignorance of their raco. TUE GKNERAL LIFE of th. oidor and wealthier planters along tho St. Paul's resembles in many par ticulars' that of 'th? Southern planter in the^iooo^olH -d?ys;''- Having a good brick bouse built, and bis coffee, or augur plantation well under weigh, thc tiller of the soil generally takes his ease, wears' good clothes, and smoke?, only exercising A t-?jrcr ?Iniuii uf ui? mfii?i?. TUC spirit or wine decant ;r is almost Invariably at tee service of ' his guests, "and when he goes visiting or to Monrovia, ho steps into his canoe, calls hit> crew together, arni travels comfortably and sedately. As the present generation is growing old, the o^?"|rgn yke char? after tho return O? 111 o ii i i* i"ru i u H 15 schooling arid' "i?r? ishing tour." In view of all this, it is ridiculous to suppose that tho Liberians are reUptmurintp. barbarism. On the c^ntrajry,Jft|K?ppar?nt that rac* venera tion ia br&yb?gweb? ateadtlg near?? to per fect civilization. While .these old.Ionia of tho soil in their . conscious or .1 ti con scious aping bf their former master's former liven, present occasionally ludi eron* contrasts to their models by igno rance and lack of culture, their SOUB and daughters aro growing ap better edu cated, trained a.. * HU pp i iou wi ih ibo re t? Ul renie nts of insurant .men and wo men. I Kaw tho Liberians' (especially thc younger unec) brought Into contact; anil coriseq??ntly ' contrast, with the Astor's Immigrant*. . It showed thero.ni>'! then tbat whether the ii"gr ? is capable of attaining 'the white .'man's level or not, he \- -.4pablo of becoming much nearer a rtATBS, OF 8VB8ORJPT10N.-r?qW Sh\LXJiti ann Vtvft ?jur? par anuura, in *5rl*c9. . Two DofXAsI ul' ot"v of year. HETMTY-FIV? CEJCTB for ?Ix tuontbs. ? , , . Subscriptions ate not taken for ft leas forlod th?n xl* month*. . " " j? , BATB* OF ADVHRTI8INQ.-On? Dollar per1 square ol one inch for the Ant Insertion,?nd V?fty Cants per square for subsequent lnscrtionsless than tiireo mouths. Ko advertisements couuleless (Usu a bouaro. ... Ubers!coutracts wlllbe made withtho^wUhJne fco advertise for. tb reo, als or t weiro months. Ad vertising by contract must be confined to tho ltn modlato business of tho firm or Individual contrae Obiuiaiy Notices exceeding five lines, Tributes 'Of itespcot, and all personal communication or matters of individual interest, will be chaifV for 'at advertising rates. Announcements of wartages nnd deaths, and notices of? religious character, aro respectfully solicited, and wilt bo Inserted yatla FARMING AND THE SCIENCE*! I Editor Anderson Inidlujencer : Several indications have recoutly Up come prominent to show that the 8tudjy of thc Sciences is becoming a necessify foriour people, especially those of theijp who have a more intimate connection with farming. - I I wish to have a familiar talk s Uli my brother farmers, and show them, if i can,- how perfectly dependent ever,/| farmer is upon tho knowledge of tin1 Sciences by Bo.uebody who can make that kncwlcdge known ; and how impos-l aiblo it is for fanning to make progresa) without tho knowledgo in somebody of) the lawa whl ifc a kind Creator has pro vided for the benofit of his creature*. To ahow iu a familiar way how com pletely dependent mankind is for their livinj . on somebody knowing and ex plaining the Sciences, I assort this, and defy contradiction, that a man who does not use that knowledgo derived from those Jaws bf God called Sciences, cannot perform ono single act, except talking, that a horse cannot do. Ho can without science draw his breath and eat euch fruit as God has made grow wild. Thin being a fact, I am anxious to dull the edge of that prejudice which many good farmers have even of talking on the subject of the Sciences, by making it so plnin that any one who can read will understand mo. First, then, what is the meaning of the word Scionce? The word itself sim ply meatis "to know." But it has been further applied to a collection of the lending truths relating to any of the laws of God, properly arranged and sys tematized. Thus: Tho leading truths relating to that law of God which treats of the internal structure I of the earth, its various conten tn, ita various elements, put there for food for plants and trees, all arranged and systematized, ia called the Science of Geometry. Tho leading truths of that law which treats of the properties of mineral substances, all ar ranged and systematized, is called the Science of Mineralogy. Tho leading truths relating to that law which treats of all mattera calculated by figures, and of whatever can be measured and num bered, all arranged and systematized, is called tho Science of - Mathematics. Arithmetic, Geometry, Algebra, &c, are branches of this. .. The Science of Chem istry has for ita object to discover the nature and properties of all bodies, which is done by decomposition and combination. By it tho elements of food which ?ny plant has taken, from tho soil can be exactly ascertained, and by it tbe soil can be analized, and whatever food it has. for plants can be also discovered. It would seem that every farmer must see how important this knowledge of this Science would be to farmers. Men who have studied the lawa relating to Geometry and Chemistry tell usthf>.?Gou bas placed in the Boil fourteen elements or ingredients for food for plants. Now, if a farmer can bo told what the corn he plants takes up by Us roots, and also ex t.ctly what the soil ho plants tho corn in has of the . food the corn wants, then when he knows what tho soil lacks,.ho will know what to apply. Hydrology is the Science which ar rangea and systematizes all the proper ties and laws which are contained in and govern water. Mechanics is that soienco which investigates tho forces by which al. bodies aro to bo kept still or put in motion, and put in a particular form or ahapo. Tho .powers which it uses are the Idver, pulley, screw,'axle, inclined plano and wedge. Botany ia tho science which treats of the structure of planta, the function of their parts, the latitude in which they grow, and their classifica tion and names. Metallurgy io more of an art than a science, and comprehends tho whole procesa of separating the ore from other matten?, and smelting and re fining the meta). Natural History ar ranges and systematizes a description of the earth and all its productions, and in cludes Zoology, Botany, Geology, Miner alogy and uah culturo* The foregoing contains a description ?,of those Sciences.which have a more in timate bearing on the advancement ol Scientific Agriculture, and by which all farmlntr - ohnratlnni? ara ^owlaJ on, in many cases the farmer not being aware of it, as I,Will now proceed to illustrate ; Snpp'csf a beginner to commence farm ing. Hojmust havo laud, and that clear ed aud fenced, a horse and plow ready ? for "fork/ Now, think how many of these Schncesi must be known by somebody before the plow can be started. To make . the irani God han modo a law there should bo placed in the earth the oro of iron ; s raiacrsiegbt then first finds the ore; then chemistry must find the composl tion ipt will make a crucible to statu beat enough to melt the ore ; tho metal .* lufgiA must bo at hand to smelt and separate the oro from earthy and othei mattera; then mathematica must ahovi how?the machinery must be made to beal it ?ito bara ; then the scionce <5f me chuica muet Bhow how to ahape lt intx "a inWahare, and mathematica muai a*in how lo make the atock to suit th< pjpw. Hero, then, somebody must knott tils whole array of' sciences before J r&w can be made and started to work ? ad still more of them must be koowr, ?fore a fence or a house can .be built flion get your eora aeed and start U ?,_? . u/i.ere at? y .vi i tn nat tn groin fn the ground or on top ? Ask the geo! LrM ?ud ue t,lu y?a that aU lho cl* /menu which God has made for food fa f plants are placed in the soil. Thet I there ia another law that talla os tba f God na? given to eeod a vitality tba / when placed in tho ground and bavt J moisture and heat? will aend o0* wt ??r Wo ?re not responsible for tho views aa? opinions of onr correspondents. ..". All communications nhoulu bo addressed to "Ed itor? Intelligencer," and all checks, drafts, money orders, Ac, shcald be mad* parable to the order Anderson, B.C. THE COLORED PEOPLE. I intend, he continued, to keep tbom in the friture. I can loot into mr own heart anti etty that I haye . administered the tawa witu justice and. ?quality, or, if with any partiality at all, it has beeb more in favor of tho colored people than otherwise. They hare received more clemency than have white men, and have enjoyed moro privil?ge? than ever before, and they continue to enjoy them now. - 'TOE STATE DEBT, We have no elements in onr approach inst campaign to disturb us. The only Soint upon which patriotic and able men [vided in tho lest Legislature was upon the bonded debt of the State, and that question has been happily eliminated from politics and placed before a judicial tribunal of the State. Every one can afford to abide by ita decision, and lo pledge himself in advance to stand by it. We have now nothing on the face of the earth to divido UR. Weare all working for the same ond, all living on..the same Boil, under that Carolina sun all will Bleep on the bosom of this Old Mother of ours when we pass hence. Why can not wo all struggle together for ber sake. Let us place our differences in the back ground and march forward together to victory. A MISAPPREHENSION CORRECTED. I am glad to have met you to-day- I baye .dome because I was afraid there was some misapprehension on your r"t in regard to my cou.se.. I; havo reen it stated that I had traduced you. If you, fieople of Edgefield, never have ?ny man cr traduce you until I do,; you will havo an honored and brilliant career; I hare not forgotten.'tfhat Edgefield baa dorio.: I have never failed to recog nize th?, fact ?hat tho' mon of. Edgefield, in large' proportions, contributed to the Erahre and glory of my old command, ow" they stood by me in-many a fight and X Dover intend to forget je. . When 1 differ from you it ia as one honest man differ from another, and aS friend difiera : from a friend ! [Cheers.] I have como to thank you for what you have done ; to appeal to you to work on in tho future OB you have nobly work ed in thepasi, and in conclusion. I pray ; that every blessing a munificent Heaven ', can pour but will descend forever upon this brave people. [Cheers.] ?Harried Once but only & Little.? Somo men are fastidious, ia selecting i wiyes, O th ore ar ?ot at all nico in mat ar? matrimonial. But a breach of prom [I iso case in Arkansas; in general, is too ? i rare and serious to leave a loophole for a laugh to come in. i Mr. Johnson Topp moved from Tcn I'r&eSee across the Mississippi into Arkau 003. He Was a ms>r> . ot' means and a j i hachder. TTS" ?JO' .?'t.??t??? mrawa trk J matrimony, but he had a fea? ?f widows, i Qrass-widotvB especially were a terror to ( him. He had moved from East Tennes > see to Middle; Terin?sse? and from that r section to West Tennessee, and Anally , over into Arkansas to escape from teal or , fancied matrimonial danger arising from I enterprising, porhaps charming, Tennes v seo'widows. (j 01 That being Mr. Johnson T?pp'a history. .' *t surprised his friends; that ne should i appear m defendant in the case of Dublin j VD. Tops: spy- Sm breach o?' pTO??S^. r But the Circuit Court docket for Critten den ?ounty disclosed the fact of the suit, and the affidavit of Mrs. Melinda Dublin I sot forth the particulars. t . Tho plaintiff was,put on tho stand to .: tell how wickedly rt<e had be?? lcd into falie hopes by tho middle-aged bachelor. "I live at home with my old dad," she said* "and this feller kept comm' round . thor makin' believe he wanted to trade > mules. After he traded a time or two ; till that was played out, ho como wau tin' ' cotton ticed. I knowed :ho only wanted 1 an excuse to get to see me, and I told PQD when he como again to bring him an to whether. he'd talk turkey or net .j it he had a fair chance. And that was just what he wanted. You never see a . man set up to a woman pearter th&u he 1 did as soon as eve* Pop introduced us, i tellin' him, "This is my dor? Ho was powerful shy at tm^^^^HBE let him get fairly started ot? shoats, and he was dead soto wwH^HH| sparkin', Ajtd At appeared V . couldn't/wait mor?'n a minit for a" woman (j tb" say yes, T didn't fool with tho mah . as lota do, but I said yes; and-r about tho , next thing that happened ho was try in* . to crawfish. That s about tho whole \, story." , ,! Bat her lawyer did not think it wjis , the whole story, and he was right-there wac moro to bo told. . [ '' Will yon state to , the jury how it hap Eeped that the defendant, Topi?, went ack oh his word ofter he had asked you to marry him?" ; '1 Well, aa I eaid before, ho was tho most uneasy man until be got bis ao'^er, t which was ye?. Tho fou\to day of *?ly, , I aUowed. would bo soon enough for the ij wedtun* day. but ho couldn't wait until thear-riti waa impossible.. I told him to ; oallToplr* and talk it over.,, iwootover ; to tho ki token to get;ap a sqbar'meal, , and obow tho maul could do : tho tallest cooking, in Arkantaw, when. I let myself , out for it in deo4 earnestK'' ''And what happened when, your father , and the defendant, Topp, talked it overt'*' j "'Before I left'em ? told Pop tho man . : was on the marry, and I reckined it wits ' all rieht. Pop allowed, they' host have \ something to take. I sot on the whiskey r andsogar/andtold them, thar svaa cookin' . tb.db; if they preferred mint in th thoy trowed just where to git it. When ? j .camehackIeawthir^r,p5;wrop-g. Tho r first thins tho, man caul, and ho lookin* . ! soberin't a funeral .* ;'Curnol Dublin, -i allowed ybur'gal, MaUndy, 'viii a singlo gal until thin miuit. Ia she alnglo; ox ia she ever been married afore Y . A nd Pop A hp told; tpe truth, looking him. plumb in i tho eyis.'She's been married bnce4-cnly " alUtle-^onlv a little.' And I said, That'.? i ab ; he's talaing the Gospel faCte--only a little.', Thovniiiu lit out then mighty want a wife, who batT: been married ?vcr 'sb little. Ho thought ho had been de ceived. The jury saw ^differently. A little married didn't count'in Arkansas ; ho must pay, and bo did pay. ? . ..; , ???; ' m?"i i ". .'. ? - As a conceited young man was singing ia company. ar* old lady burst into tears, ? - The singer, greatly flattered by tho old lady's emotion; Cook ?u c?r?y opportunity to got an introduction to her. . When oho thanked him oordirtlly for his song and said : "I had an a? i thought a great deal of that died lately, and your voice was soi exactly Ilka b&, that I cdKld not help thinking of tho poor beast a* yon Bang/' 8ho ?laaped her handkerchief to ber Aco again, and the young mao ??lently atole away. perfect man than he ia in America. It showed that there ia more capability io him for improvement than we have de veloped. It ia conclusive evidence that there ia a vaat amount of good mental ground lying fallow, wasting or running to noxious weeds, in the negro. It ia as well to say it right here-despite their many ignorances, their conceit and their improvidence and inertness, the average Liberian ia in moat ways immeasurably suporior to the average American negro, and those *t Sierra Leone are ac far i nbovo him in acquirements as the clouds I are above the earth. In '.he social re finements the better classes cf colored ! people there seem perfect. In one thing I could notice distinctly the three degrr.es of progression, as illustra ted by tho English Colony negro, the Liberian negro, and the American negro THE OBSERVA NCE8 OF TABLE ETI QUETTE. j Thia ia a small matter at first eight, but it tells a story when looked into. History will show: that1 in proportion aa men have become civilized they have paid more and more attention to tho little t nicetiea and daintinesses that redeem the i taking of food from the Uncleanly: and I disgusting obedience to necessity and ex ercise of gluttony of the'savage to the pleasurable, graceful and cleanly indul gence lb a luxury of the well-bred Euro pean or American. It is very well to spout B^vns, but even, the most' rabid universal social equality lunatic would find it difficult to realise that the man who aita opposite, who makes of bia mouth aa open sepulchre ia which he inters all of his feelings, sensibilities and intellectual developments, shovels in on them huge and indiscriminate masses 'di food with his knife and gulps bis wine SJ if it were a dose of medicine, ti a man for a' that. People's stylo of eating lt generally a fair indication of their pro ?;ress in civilization. The Bushman eati lis fish half raw with his hands; th? Chinaman conveys it neatly and deft!] to his mouth with chopsticks; the Eng lisha an carefully, andas deftly, "scoops' it io <vith a silver fork. These are th? three degrees, il dont mean to say th? a man is uncivilized unions he eats hi fish with a bit Of bread and a fork, bu the civilized aaa, however be does ban dlo his food, does it cleanly.) Tell it no in Gath, publich lt not in tho streets o Askalon, ont almost every meal I tool while on African soil was in corapan; with colored people. A man. and ee pecially a newspaper reporter, has, fror Eolicy and decency both, to Bubordinat ls prejudices and babita to politenesi besides which "We can live without knowledge ; what i knowledge but grieving? Wo can Uve without hope; what is hop h:;> dncfiivine ? Wc can live without love ; what is love bi repining? But where is the man who can live withoi dining?" I can safely ossoverate that he isn't i my boots at any rate. Tho correctna of tho quotation io not vouched for. (It the only part of "Lucille," if it is "Li cille," that ever impressed me much.' But the Biarra Leone people display spontaneous and unconscious scrupulou ness regarding the observasen pf a fi?ints of table etiquette, auch as ls bari y seen ia the best American household and puts an habitual' sitter at hotel tab! to diligently recalling thc precepts ii culcatcd ia his youth regarding tl ?roper manipulation of table furnitni ?c., The Liberians are apparently mu< .loss enlightened on Ibis subject, ai seemed, with one or two exceptions, pay 1. tie attention to it, v/hita the Azoi people bad each their own original ai untrammelled style, the main ohje seeming to be the censurnptiou of tl f;reatest possible amount of food in tl east possible time. Almost evervbod both in Sierra Leone and Liberia, bi claret at dinner, and there was usually glass of sherry or Madeira tendered, b fore ?r after the rneal; ' . TRADE "WITH THE SOUTH. But all this is wandering far away frc my friend Sharp, which is my lost graphical point He displayed a feeli which seems quite prevalent among large portion of the Liberians-a dee: to do his trading with the United Stat if possible tvith the South".""More fb one repeated to me his expressed sen ments, that "in spiteof everything" th sympathies were with the land of th birth, and they would like to deal wi ber people. It is | ? flattering come ment to the business men of that eec th that they seem to possess the confide! of those who knew them years ago, in t highest degree. Ohe bf tho leading ] berians said : "I knot? thc mer. ?rho gt emily do .business in South Carolina i gentlemen, j abd that they are abovi dirty trick, or taking advantage of a a because he ls far away," (the speAker . CarolioiftD:) Thia terning Riipcia tn generally entertained. It may perin be partly Attributed to the desire escape from the i monopoly held bj New York house, who do much busin along the West Coast, and haye, bi clever enough to obtain almost compl control of the Liberian trade, wb seems to be quite a plum. They sell most everything that is sold ia Libe: .tho Monrovian storekeepers replenish their Btocks from the New Yorker's shi and paying-, certainly, vera good pr! in produce or money. This is, I thi ono of the obstacles to Liberian progr Competition would enable them to higher and buy cheaper, thus atiim ting trade, ana necessarily increae prosperity. Various Dutch and Eng .firm? l,cta KAM *?4aHlia}*<wl. fWun ttirsi time, and, receiving their bwii- goods their own ships, have been cnnblcc undersell and go away ahead of the berian merchants, making fortunes w they plod along in the same old ruts. THE FIRST ORDER. FOR CHARLES! Jess's Sharp, who' seems, bo bV?n thoso men always willing to back up words by his acts, showed hi? siuce by sending a cash order to a h Charleston firm for poshes, timber, for his house, the goods ta ho brough the Azor on\the return trip. While this subject I frill cay that the new migrants all manifested the same feeli To precede the narrative a little, whe returned to Monrovia} and in answe questions told them what I had BCCJ cciwitry cotton, exhibiting: the-saml they generally and joyfully exclah "V/ell, you bet tho cotton makers h?f? hotr. We've got lots of cotton snd tools, and when you come I again if you don't xeo cotton bales 'art hercyob'kfo whip' fcs." Thef-next quiry of several of .them was a whether I thought ?t would be poa to deal with .THE?S , OLD FACTOBS IN CHARLES" and ail of the Carolina darkeys se? noxious on the subject. Toe tn may be worthy of consideration Charleston business osen,. If man Hie colored people- nome a vsl'uahh reel trade may be opened. It maj? ;b? '?nore of the "sarcast fate," but exactly the state of adair* istn here now ?hat I Imagine made" i labor necessary in A?ei1ca^VJJ?hi every man hs landholder, ah oWner an'equal. No lower clss^'?fc?TW* io yet to do the manual work, There are no servante, and serrants are a ne cessity, except ic an imaginative jack ass's Utopia. A few of the poorer Li berians hire out, bot they are as good os \ their hirers, and consequently matters don't work smoothly. All such "eer ! vants" aro addressed by everybody as "Mr." and "Miss." It sounds funny to I hear the master of the house say "Miss --, a glass of water, please." When I visited the President I heard him ask: "Mr. Boes, will you bring in the wino?" ' This is, of conreo, a great hindrance to the cultivation of land on any extensive scale, especially when there are no horses. It cramps fearfully tho sugar production, where much and cheap labor is indespensable at certain times, So, disguise it as they will, the Liberians have to DEPEND ON SLAVE LABOB at last, for it comes to that. They hire from a native king a certain number of his enperetition-bound slaves for so much rum, so many brass kettles, iron bare and ?ins, and so much calico paid to him. he "hands" work well, and are faithful and obedient until the king, through caprice or having been paid, and want ing them to cut rice, sonas ordere to them to come back. Then they leave in a body, just,, maybe, as tho planter needs them most, and tue Liberian government is too weak to enforce the performance of contracts modo with ita citizens. One secret of my friend Sharp's success I was told is that he makes an excellent quali ty of rum, with which he pays a klug for I ''help," and ia shrewd enough to keep on good terms with the potentate by sending him an extra cask now and theu. In this way he and a few others manage te secure labor when they want it for theil 50, 100 and 160 acre farms. One of r thousand acres) though, it would bo dif ficult to work here. There are corni comparatively free natives who biri cheaply, but they are unreliable and ap! to "knock off" and go at any time. Yoi can pick up a few always, enough t< man yonr canon or do odd jobs, and i you.treat them kindly, they will hire ou to you again, and do any kind of work They cannot be depended upon in air considerable number, however. Thea natives aro abjectly afraid of the whit man, having acquired the idea (probabl; irom the Liberians! that he ia not ont an habitual cheat, nut an habitual cul throat. It requires several months c acquaintance to get them fairly recot ciled to the Caucasian. Then unless fa be a bastard to the time who doth nc smack of observation, they like hil above all, and will give bim the prefe euee in hiring. These natives will tal ?uything, ana the Liberians (who "fie hero from the slave holder's lash") c not scrapie to administer unto them thrashing when provoked thereto. Tl nativo frequently discerne the anger i his employer's face and the stick in h hand, and precipitately takes to fiigl leaving, if necessary, like Joseph, h garment in the bands of tho pursue AU the revenge he ever takes is to qi: and go home. It must bo AN INSPIRITING SPECTACLE to see what was described to me in an i cideutal way by the chief actor hitase a fr?? bl^ck Liberian mas, -y>urjd cudgeling a, free black native moa wit stick, while two more free black nat men wero flying over the neighbor!: hedges to avoid similar castigation, t three free black natives.. having be caught in th? act of dragging a bag rice through the mud. Sucu thin make mo weep when I think that We dall Phillipa was not there. The nari is rarely "sassy," and the most he dc ia to complain in a sort of whine, in 1 broken English. It ia a universal ct tom for them to. address all who th consider as superiors os "daddy" a "mammy." (Thia information waa great comfort to mo, as I had be ~t mu scandalized by being addre-od "daddy" by a fat Kroo boy, within hour after my landing.) THE DIPPIOIIT-Ty REO ARDING- HOTJ SERVANTS is in a great degree obviated by a pr tice now fortunately becoming commi That 1B tho binding out of native ct dren by their parents to serve in Lil rian families until twenty-ppp years age. ? There were from two'to six of th youngsters around nearly erery houst visited, and very bright, "handy" fl honest they seem. In return for tb cervices they are .clothed, fed, lean reading, writing, Christianity, and 1 handmaid Civilization. Quite an tachment in some instances seems to < 1st between master and servant. 1 shows a long step forward on the part the natives-an appreciation of their feriority to civilized people. A peo or a eran who. can be made to see tl or h ia own ?rnperfec???a,' io not bey? hope. Pe?Iwc? aelf-8atiMfaetioa is' greatest bar to improvement, as it is most unmistakable mark of a fool, I the Liberians a Utile of the humbler and consciousness of inferiority of natives, I might have more hopes them. So far, the civilised natives h made little progreen. When they ret to their tribes they have to doff Et pean clothes, es, if they didn't, the mi cine mon would probably attribute first misfortune that befell to his vi tion of the customs of his anceat -which are more honored in the bre cloth than in the observance of pa: loons and paper collars, and a "settli dose of poison would' removo the ] gress'ouist. Their knowledge of reading and writing of the English gnago, too, ia now generally employe |m?ui?< ?.li? k?ii? iii ?O?'6 T?I'??'njV ring their residence with the whites, I usunlly pick up a knowledge of conn cial vfiluea, which makes them uSefh facilitating the trading operation! their tribe. Aa the numbera of t civilized ones increases, however, 1 influenc? is bound to be felt for good Apropos of thc natives, it may bo t tioned that the principal tribes b abouts are- Mandingoea and -Veis, former noted for their aptness in m facturing and trading, and the lattei having; invented (patent not yet apj for) an alphabet of their own. T natives generally Uve in thatch villi and subsist mainly on rico and eas: varied by occasional game, or a ' lunch composed of black ants, caugt sinking a kettle in the ground and al ing them to tumble in. Wheaten b ia a very rare, treat, and they beg or i for.it eagerly? With Considerable r I took leave of my. friend, tho pla and we rc-embarked for. tho return Where wo stopped was about tv miles above Monrovia. The -St?.I ia only navigable some five miler, fa npi where the rapids, which are i nine feet high, interrupt progress, body in Liberia baa taken tho tronb exploro tho stream, and, little is h of lt . above theso rapids. . The'ni along ita course are reported tobe tile and savage, and ita sou roe it known. P-i?i? pvreOu7 seem to ? . that it is A ll RANCH OP THE S KUM, which make* a long bend to the .Ward at a point about opposite tin iberian territory, but they ad vaneo i ing hut theories and vaguer belie support of their idea. Above Clay Ashland are the settlements of New York, (200 population,) and Louisiana, (400 populrUoh.) Just above the rapids is the flourishing settlement of Arliugton. with a population of between COO ana 700. This portiou of the St. Paul's is tho iTiost thickly populated ia the Re public, and most ot the unoccupied land along the river front is owned by old set tlers. There are a few settlements along the Junk and Po, and one on the lower portion ot the St. Paul's. Thea a few families are scattered about here and therj, all of tho remainder of tho pona latioa hoing ia the towns, most of which have already been named, and smaller settlements. Liberia has only r?ccived an addition of a few hundred by immi gration during the psst ten years. From Clay-Ashland wo came back down the St. Paul's River, stopping at several places to do a little foraging. The result was a bushel or two of butter pears, (a fruit about tho size and shape of a very largo peart with a green vt pur ple rind, and containing a soft, b>ittary interior which is very palatable when eaten with a spoon and well mixed In a disgusting looking mess with sugar and vinegar,) a few sour-saps, (a fruit much I commended, which grows on a tree, re sembles a dropsical cucumber, and tastes like nothing at all, seasoned with weak vinegar,) a few delightful pineapples, a dozen or so chickens, and an equal num ber of eggs, collected one, two aud three i at a time ; a few oranges, plenty of lem ons and limes, and several large huachos I of bananas, and a sheep, which was evi dently in the last stages of consumption, (tho sheep hero have no wool, and 1 couldn't to save me tell sheep from goat.) For all of these wo paid good prices. The quadruped just alli'jed to was de voured at a singlo med, and then we wanted mpre. lt was about the size of an ordinary black and tan dog. but tasted very well. Ho and his Uko Bell for about two dollars, when they can bo gotten, while a pair of turkoys brings Ave dol lars. At a few places along the river they grow INDIAN CORN in small patches, but it deteriorates great ly ia this soil and climate, producing however, fair "nubbins," suitable foi feeding stock. I saw a few watermelons Senerolly of the "Joe Johnson" (or "rat esnake'l pattern, bat they, too, we? small, although there is little diflerenci botweon their taste and that of "Hanove: County" or "Augusta" rapture. LIBERIAN HODBE8. I had an opportunity of inspecting thi interior of moro of the houses. Nearl; all of the dwellings in Liberia, outaid of Monrovia, aro furnished plainly-vcr much in-the style prevalent among col oreel folks io America. There wero th familiar plater of Piris imotro? do0* ?n cats on the mantles, the familiar gaudil gilded and painted china cups ano. magi and the familiar ghastly caricatures c Scriptural scenes, where a kaock-koec Joseph is always being sold into captlvit in n yellow shawl by an obviously intox: catea gentleman with very pink legs an very large arms, who holds in his otht hand a long walking stick, while a blu camel watches the proceedings with a air of personal interest. Altogether could easily is?giua myself in she bei room of a respectable colored lamil down Bouth. In Monrovia more of n attempt at elegance is made, there heir wide settees and more elaborate furnitui generally. Tho pictures, however, ai invariably common and poor. THE CONCILIATION POLICY. Wo got back to Monrovia como tin after dark that evening. Here it tran pired that Dr. Roberts, who had vei kindly acted as my guide, understood tl management of Kroomen much best than I did. He had Wen stern, exactic nod sharp with oar crew throughou while I tried the pacific policy. Thc refused point blank to row out to ti vessel, and it was only after the assam] tion of a threatening tone by os regan ing the withholding of wages and ru: that they i?nuUy consented. It was cha acteristic of the animals that, after belt Said in full, th-?y came to mo and demai ed repayment on the ground that thc headman had failed to pay them. Th headman followed me around for tv days trying to persuade mo that he lu been promised an extra dollar, until took occasion to inquire, ia his bearii) how mach it woald cost to break a Kro mao's head. Then ho desisted, althouj he might with impunity have continue dunning to this hour, as he weiche apparently, about 225 pounds, and t assault upon his precious person wou have cost me (being a white man) abo $25. One day Capt. Holmes n-id I td heart of grace and called to see THE PRESIDENT. The Executive mansion is not a ve imposing structure, being an ordina red brick, iwe-storj tenement house, wi ? porch in front, to which a flight common woorien steps leads np from t front gate which opens on the stre The yard in front is shallow, and h apparently little caro takoa of it, althouj tue building itself is in tolerable repa On the benches in tho front porch tuc are usually several persons loafing, prc ably either petitL nors for something hangers-on. The interior ia plainly fi nlshed, the most noticeable objects the parlor being two large ana elat ratcly gilt, old-fashioned parlor tabl aurmouotcd by large mirrors, ia cqua elaborately gilt fromes. Our cards wi tak?n up, and in a few minutes tho Pr ident, Anthony W. Gardner, came do1 stairs, and wo were introduced by TC"ng man who hsd t-skcT* eur "*?.* boards"---I as "Mr. nh-nm NbwS* a Courier," and the captain as "Capt? ah-um Azor." The President is ti thin, apparently about sixty years of a and a uhnde or two darker than tho oe rooo. He dresses as becomes ll iq ye and position, plainly but well, adher? to tue old-fashioned high collar w which our ancestors used to make thc selves uncomfortable. ..Ho shaves ch except small patches of whiskers close his cheek bones. Altogether ho ls a gc specimen of the wealthier and more telllgent freo colored man of tho " school." Ho received us in a sort neglige costume with smoking cap i ? slipper*. He is a native of Virgil Tho Old Dominion, by the way, reta hor ancient prestige as THE MOTHER OP PRESIDENTS, even- here, six ont of eight Liberian ecutive? having- sprang -from her s Three of the ?ix, . 8ingr?,^4- to nay, h come from tho immediate neighborh of Petersburg. ("No rthern," "Easter j "Southwestern," "Valley" sad "Sot aide," will probably, be each clamor ' for representation anon.) His Excel! cy docs not assume any airs, and ti ' freely/ and intelligently. He soi : heartily la sympathy with the exo movement, and says Hutt "tiler hand \ Jehova is plainly to bo seen in it." ! ?expressed mach pl CASU ro nt .tho arri or the immigrants, but, ?pernod dis i pointed io them, remarking on their ?linont Appearance, and unprepared sh He said, however, thiit the govorom would do what it could lo help thb psi but hoped that no more would cc equally unprovided and destitute. .-> .'' ? I illili also said that be intended addressing a I communication to the ?'resident of the | United States on the subject of the emi gration from that country, with a view! to its facilitation. Ho talks with tho deliberate drawl characteristic of tho Southerner, white or colored, and seemed f?leased to have an opportunity of taili ng about Virginia and the old times there. Ho says that he loft that State just as bo was "getting big enoigh to ride the horse to mill." As usual in Li berian households, wino was brought out, it being in this instance a harmless ana pleasant compound wherein ginger was tho predominating feature. Of course I appreciated the grandeur of my position, clinking glasses-hop-nobbing-actually chumming in aa it were-with one of tho rulers of the earth ; a presldont of a re public. There wai a great uplifting of li cart, which was utddenly checked by the remembrance that I (at present the companion of a potentate) Would return to my own country and have the bell j rung on me by a street car driver just tbe samo as if I bad never known any presi dent beyond the head man in a building and loan association. Such is life. The beverago waa brought, aa heretofore men- \ tioned, by a colored man addressed os "Mr. Ross," who took up a position be- j hind the president's chair from whence he silently but actively participated in the conversation, nodding approvingly when something pleased him that was said, and again expressing unqualified dissent. He was ' from Richmond, Va., having come out just at the close of the war. Ho bad formerly belonged to one of the moat prominent families there,, and seemed exceedingly delighted when given some' tidings of them. We took our leawe after a very pleasant visit Tho president, in common with all Libe ria, seems fully impressed with the im portance of encouraging immigration irom America. Tho question as to the NEGRO'S ABILITY TO GOVERN HIMSELF ia not decided by Liberia. That govern ment ia aa yet an experiment, of tho re sult of which it ia difficult to form any forecast. Tho Liberian people have not even a general name, having not attained to tho dignity of a nation, and being beyond a tribe. Whether the world will ever see a great negro nationality is yet to be determined. There ia nothing now on which to form a judgment. Thoy b-vvo borrowed from the United State? a form and evstem of government designed for an intelligent, virtuous and progres sive people, which they are applying to a people with as little virtue and far lesa intelligence, and apparently utterly lack ing the progressiveness of the American. Tho negro has not had as yet a fair chance. It must bo remembered that this is his first attempt in a really civil ized state to rule himself by himself. Il is, perhaps, fortunate that th ero hos been no promiscuous streaming in of newiy freeu and ignorant slaves. The absence of tbis hos afforded an opportunity foi the laying of a fouudation of partial ed ucation and civilization, on whicb tc build. Thia, of course, has its evils, already hinted at. Every man is a pro prietor and master. What is wanted now is manual labor and population. Ai Ulis comea in, one of two things must happen. Either the people will lean wh*\t is wanted, and improve tbe govern ment, Or, in binni ui??a??iaciion, t??j will overturn it, &sd anarchy will ensue. The present SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT is too cumbrous and expensive, and en courages petty ambition for offices. When Dr. Johnson said that patriotisn was the !:;st resort of a scoundrel, hi might have added, "KUci a loafer ;" be sides which, ir is a well established faci that rascality and loafing are usuaiiy thc last resorts of a "patriot." The perni cious doctrine that to be elected to some office *y an unreasoning, dirty and fickle popUltx % ia a worthy ambition, soemt very .provalent here. Consequently large numbers of men who might bo develop ing the country and themselves, are con stantly engaged ip either seeking or hold ing office^ Liberia, with her 3,500 votera, ia ? pettier and meaner edition of the cesspool'of American politics. Dozen? of miserable small holders of miserable email offices are loafing around destroy ing themselves and eating up the land. Them is more than ono instance of men who have relinquished business whicb was a benefit to themselves and the com munity to participate in tho struggle foi uorac trifling office. To sum uy>, politic: seems destined to be THE CURSE OF THE COUNTRY, . as it is bf nearly every other. Here ii what these three thousand five hundred voters elect, and what they pay : Office. Goat. President, salary..$2,500 Private clerk. 800 Runner. 50 Butler. 200 Table expenses... 800 -$ 8,85C Vice President. 60C Chief Justice.i. 901 Secretary of State, salary....$1,000 Clerk. 800 Runner... GO .- 1,35( Attorney General.... 7C? Comptroller General. 70( Treasurer...'. 50( Auditor. 70C Legislative expenses. 13,00( Postmaster General. 20( Associate Justices..... 1,60( Officeholders general governmcnt.$25,35( Four judge?' court quarter ses sions (1 for each county) $700 ^ ?..nun-, etch..,,. * 2_SO0.0f Fotir judges monthly and pro bate courts, $300 each. 1,200.(X Three county supo Intendenta and clerks.. 1,500.0t Pour county attorneys. 1,600.0( Three connty district attorneys. 235.0( Two local superintendents...... 426.0( Six collectors of customs. 2,3?/>.0( Four postmasters. 275.0( Throo "chairmen" court?;. 800.01 Six commissionsrios. 685.0( Five 5 a>l . 800.0< Two lighthouse keepera. 380.0( Five sub-treasurers. 1,050.01 Fbttff customhouse clerks. 460.0< "ibree county auditors...,. 900.01 Officeholders four counties .....$14,875.01 Total cost, 116 officeholders.....$40,225.01 Besides all this eames contin gent mad gen'l governments 2,000.CI Navy (one cutter). 6,000.01 Public printing. 1,000.0? Revising otatutca. 8,000.01 Lighthouse expenses. 160.01 Supreme Court. 1,000.04 Engliahpostage. 1,168.51 Consul General, London. 600.01 Stationery.. 100.0? War expenses. 1,666. M Liberia College. OOO.Ot T???!.?10,184.74 Surviving, plotting counties....$ 6O0.0C Contingent funds of coan ti ea... iJ,4.r.0.0i' County jndiciat expenses. 16,600.00 County public schools. 6,400.00 j Cou Qty pension*. 2,350.00 ' Renta" (presumably offices for county officeholders).,.... 920.00 Stationery (for use of county officeholders). 470.00 "Interest on deposit" iu four counties. 8,000.00 Outstanding claims (four coun ties). 12,983.16 Fortifications, and other mili tary expenses. 6,000.00 Public buildings, bridges and improvements. 26,076.00] Total.$77,948.16 Total expenditures general and county governments..$184,867.89 Subtract from this : Public schools and Liberia College.$ 7,000 Public buildings, surveying, &c... 26,676 $38,676 and we havo tho cost ok' running tho gov ernment for 8,600 voters-$101,782.89, or. ciphering in round numbers, about$29 for each voter. I have estimated the number of Office-holdere from the legisla tive appropriation list for 1876-77. The above 116 does not include a host of mag istrates, constables, police and petty court officials, who generally pick up a preca rious livelihood from small fees earned from petty squabbling* among the neigh bore, municipal officers, tax collectors, ?Ve, From my observation, I think that a man and two smart boys could easily do all of tho work of tho general gov ernment. A. B. WILLIAMS. HAMPTON AT EDGEFIELD. Bccontl Anniversary of Chamberlain's Dis co na flt are. EDGEFIELD, August 12. Tho circumstances of Gov. Hampton's reception at Edgefield havo been already detailed with sufficient particularity to inform all your readers familiar with the conduct of the last campaign aa to ita Seneral features, and what ia omitted to e mentioned may readily be supplied (rem imagination in tho recollection of . any one familiar with the events and scenes of 1876. Tho speaking took place at thc Old Academy Green, about a mile from the Village of Edgefield, which spot had bv en appropriately chosen, as it waa the scene of Gnamberlain's discomfiture in '76, and of the numcrcuz Radical pow wows which have been held in the coun ty since the war. A substantial platform bad been erected (great care having been taken to secure it againBt the possibility ; of mich an ominous fall as Chamberlain ii experienced at tho same epot,) and thu i was filled with representative front lcm cr [ of the county, and surrounded by i j crowd of "both rac. - and all ages," wht ? bael flRxnmhlRd to ! * i the campaign wei opened. At 11:80 '.ne Governor.ascend ? ed the stand, and after introduction bj the Hon. J. C. Sheppard, ho said : , HAMPTON'S 8DJ?ECH. , My Fellow-Citizen! of Edgefield: Your distinguished representative hai I just well said that in all civilised conn i tries, in all ages, the custom has obtainet i of celebrating the anniversary of thosi i events which have brought triumph o . prosperity or deliverance to a people r as? 'ni aoc^rdaace with th? t'tn?-hosoret . usage yon meet here to-day to commem orate, with pride and with gratitude, thi day on which two years ago the ?rea - contests for honest government, ant - Home Rule was inaugurated In Soutl i Carolina. Ycu como, too, to pledg ) afresh your faith to those ever-livinj - principles wb'ch nbt only gave life ant t truth and power to that memorable atrug ; gie, but won for1 us a victory unparallelet ? in the annala of political history. It ia t therefore, not only natural but prope; i that the brave sons and fair daughters o i old Edgefield should hail the recurrence i of this day with patriotio ardor, enc ' claim with justifiable pride that it wai ' the first day of that new revolution whict lifted the "Prostrate State" from-tnt , abyss of shame and ruin into whict i alien hands had plunged her, to restore i her to her proud hereditary place amie i the sisterhood of equal States. It is right, too, while tho light of oui last great victory still glows upon om i] banner that we should, as we unfold il once again, inscribe upon it the wrtch words which lcd us to triumph. Wc ' give it again to-day "to the battle and > the breeze," with Right, Truth and Jus tice emblazoned on ita folds, and wit li our old battle cry, "God and our Father , land," we jgo forth conquering and te i conquer I [Applause.] No more appro priate time could have been chosen tc disp'.ay our honored bauner then thu day No more fitting place than here ? Our Convention, with a harmony augur ing success, and with a unanimity ai rare as it was gratifying, have selected at our standard-bearers the samo who had , tho good fortune to bear our flag to vic . tory in '76. For myself, ? recognize and ? appreciate the honor done mo, and, ir ac 'piing ihe unanimous nomination tendered; me, I do so with a profound fi en so of the grave responsibility im . posed, with a firm determination to carrj ; ont in good faith the principles first reit j orated by tho Democratic p rty, and J with tho assured and fervent hopo thal ! tho men who proved in '76 that they ! could rescue a State from ruiu, will uhov, J in '78 that f..jy intend to preserve it. Il ! is useless for roe to renew the pledges 1 have given, for I would fain hope thal j my official record of the ppst is the beal guaranty I can give my fellow-citizens for the future. Their continued conti dence in the rectitude of my purpose! j has been the highest honor cf my lifo . biiitic.i of my*position, and tho'mosi cherished reward of roy Shore. ) A PICTURE OP" GRANT ) We enter this contest under tar differ ) cut and more- auspicious circumstance! ) than the lust. Then, tho whole power o, ) the Federal and State governments wai ) brought to boar to crush us. All the po ) litlcal machinery Of the' State, wielded ) by men totally Unscrupulous in the us? ) of it, was directed to the sole end of per ) petuating a rulo which waa a disgrace U ) civilization and an offence to Heaven ) Bayonets in tho hands Of the paid sol ) diory of the common country gleamed - in palpable violation of tho Conatitutior ) of that country, at every polling place ir - our State. Our people, broken by yean ) of misrule and oppression', wore almos' - hopeless. We had *s the Chief Exe??! tive of the United dtatca a man who? ) highest conception of the law was era 3 boated in tbe findings of a court-martial 3 and whose disgraceful ignorance of th? ) Gonst'Vition of tho country; was onlj ) equalled by his shameless disregard of lt ) most sacred obligations. Brutal, igno } rant and drunken, he hesitated not t< ) crush the people of the South by th< ) power of A paid soldiery. With an ann > ed hand upon their throats he attempted ) to stifle the breath of their liberty? and - placing the iron heel of military opprcs I sion npoa one of the th!ft*?Q A*lf . States of tho Union, he reduced *h ic ) a military satrapy. We'were con I fronted ar- home by an enemy bold, con l fldent and defiant, thoroughly disciplined ' and bound compactly togethar by the i cohesive power of publie piuhder. Drlv cn almost to desperation and trusting alone ia the justice of har cause, and I recognising the supreme nieoeasity ?f I saving our State, our people, by a com mon impulse, vrith one heart, dedicated themselves to tho patriotic work, end after a struggle as arduous and as heroic as ever waged, redeemed the fair land of their fathers and covered themselves with glory. They achieved), wooes* against every probability. They, weked ont a political miracle greater than any ever achieved by a people, and they ac complished ibis. because thoy were tree to themselves and. to their principles. HAMPTON'S SKETCH OP HAYES. What is our position now? Thc Chief Executivo of the country ia one who, however much wo may differ, from him politically, we yet recognise aa ia gentle man, ano one who deserves onr respect and gratitude for having, in defiance of tho passionate appeals of partisans, re stored local self-government to Louisiana and South Carolina. By his act the military was subordinated to tba civil authority : the armed soldlors oil the United States who had for months bivouacked within tho walls of our capi tol, were withdrawn, thus showing his cond cm nation of that greatest crime ever perpetrated against liberty on thia continent. By giving Jo us our rigbys ho has placed South Carolina on the plano of equality with ber sister States, where sho may move forward and fulfil the glorious destiny before her. THE ?ANOEU OE FALSE SECURITY. You know how desperate was the strug gle before tho last fight. I do not, come now to lilli you into a false security. 1 do not say to ?hat you have'every thin}? your own wtivy aud hove1 but tc nominate your ci.ndidAtes. I say that-3 believe thia campaign ia fraught will almost equal danger as the last. W< bad then an open fight to make. Wt had an organized and disciplined foe tt , encounter in the field. We know juc what we had to expect, and every unit workrtd a? though the destiny of tin , State depended upon his own individua ' resources. AU this ia changed: Mj ; opinion is that the Republican Conven tion did not nominate a State ticket.les week because they knew that if they du I we would have every mao in the Stat rallying to our standard, and we wooli gain a victory grander than tho last. THE RADICAL CONVENTION. Not having the manliness to endors i the administration of the last two years , though many of them had been sent t ?j Columbia with instructions to do so, a^h -j though many had told me they desire j to do so-they have endeavored to raak , political capital for' the .Northern Rad i culs by enunciating a platform as false r false can be. They charge that th? [ have not put a ticket in the field bt?catu . they coula not do that without, purnoo? r] danger, and they passed that resolutio ; in tho capitol ot South .Carolina, vt Ubi hearing of tho Executive of the Stat and when they had entire control of ? State House, placed id their hands I *. tho Democracy of South Carolina for tl . purposes of making such nomination '! They did not place a ticket in the fie1 3. becanse they knew it would meet wit r certain defeat ; and I warn voa nov/ th i thia course bas been pursued (as I wan . sd rct!.?nbfirs of the X v2!?'=tarts mont! '; sgo that it would be pursued) for .tl Jj purpose of dovoting their every e'nerj . to controlling the ensuing Leglslat?i *! They bavo not put a ticket ia the fiel 'I but I tel) you that in every county whe 3 they think they have a shadow of j chance of success they will make a d \ terminad fight for the Legislature. j; INDEPENDENT CAN DH ATES. ' If there is a ma? in South Carolin f in one single district, who is baeeonouj fl lo foreste "his party at this time and hot v aa independent ticket, the Radicals wi I rally to his support, and yea will 1 J! stricken down in the house of yoi [ friends. ,i You have r.o easy work before yoi i i The people of this State must again ral i to their standard ss they did. before, ai I mast devote every energy, might, meai and work and their prayers tn this gre . cause; for, if we lose the Legislator r we lose all thai we have fought for-s that we have so'hardly won. A MATTER OP LIFE AND DEATH. j It ia a matter of very little moment '?asl told thc pcopld of Audercou-rd .' may be your Governor, but it Is a matt {[ of life and death to this old land of ou .? that we have a L?gislature represent^ ' tho manhood, civilization, inteUigcn ' and virtue of South Carolina. That > your objectivo point; and if my wbr ' could reach every mon in South Carolin 1 if I could but incite each one to renew ' efforts, to cvon greater efforts than In Xl >. campaign of '76,1 would say to him in < 'j truth and solemnity, that be must wo 1 now, aud uhtil tho 6th of November, : if the destiny of the State depended < I his work alone. I Eave warned you ? your danger. If, being warnet1, you n ?? c ae to yourselves-(i irww iuv ???? K of Edgefleld will be tra. [Cheers.] ' speak to the whole State)-it the Dem ' eratic party of the State will be true : itself, I predict that you will win an oyi 1 whelming victory. ?! You may remember that when t ' years ago I stood upon this 'spot and c [, dared then that we would win, thi were then in the minds of many of i [ hearers grave doubts'as to our s?t?cet ' but never-from the* 15th of 1 Aug? ' when I accepted the nomi nat ion~nc\ 1 from that day until the 7th pf Npvcral ' did I have one doubt that Ute Detnocra 1 party would win. I knew we would w ' I knew we had Right and Truth a T.._.;- - -!-?-_J *?._?. lil_" ?- ?? i.WM viii niuo, MI), MjRv TTTSjT.xpma t our fathers would help as if we hclf ourselves. VE CAN WIN AQAIN. . . And you can win again, and vtctc i nov means moro than you may think, f means giving yo~. tho Legislature i reeling the law? of this county : ehepj . them for the common good. It met I all that we have cherished in th? p > and all we hope for in thc futuro. . means more, if possible, than tli > Victory iu i??? mean? victory in ia . and victory in 1880 for thp Nat?o Democratic party, mean's pcaco for : , whole country- . -restoration1 of harmr i und fraternity, and the cb?erV*nce of1 i Constitution of tho country ria it \ i framed by our fathers. That ia our hij t est aim and object, and we must loo); . ih*t WJUIA?V (int?l : a WnUnAWl' TtHr > eratic party cornea into power, we ne - shall be safe from, a rocarrence of th , sporadic efibrts of the Republic s against it And yo? can win by pla r lug yourselves souarely and irmly t that glorious platform given' ' to you . the Democratic Convention, by devof > yourselves to thia work ; and leay ) yon that you must win I ? know that i ? mea who ia '76 proved that they cot I lift the State from ruin will ?how lu I that they intend to preserve it; [Cc > Moued tod enthusiastic cheering.J t: In rcirfli'd to tho pl?ihr?a i ? Governor Hampton uppcalcd'tohlsbef ?wy white and colored oliko, io say whet er oe bad not kept thora "Jiiera^Iy, ho estlyand truly," a?ld tyaj snot by "cn o HU ring shout or affirmation ?it an by li .bearers of beth colors,